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Yemenoglu H, Senkal R, Kose O, Yılmaz A, Mataracı Karakaş S, Akyıldız K. The effect of interleukin-20 on periodontal tissue destruction in individuals with periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:480-490. [PMID: 38356138 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that destroys periodontal tissues. Interleukin-20 (IL-20), on the other hand, is known as a potent angiogenic, chemotactic, and pro-inflammatory cytokine associated with various chronic inflammatory disorders. IL-20 has a significant role in the regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of IL-20 on periodontal destruction. METHODS In this study, a total of 60 participants were included, 30 of whom were systemically and periodontally healthy (control group), and 30 were systemically healthy but had periodontitis (periodontitis group). Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum samples were collected from the participants for biochemical analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of IL-20, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL1β/IL-10, RANKL/osteoprotegerin (OPG), and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP8). For statistical analysis, the independent t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and the Chi-square test were used. RESULTS GCF IL-20, RANKL, RANKL/OPG, serum IL-20, RANKL, RANKL/OPG, MMP-8, TNF-α, IL-1B, and IL-1β/IL-10 values were found to be statistically significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in the control group. GCF OPG and serum IL-10 values were found to be statistically significantly higher in the control group than in the periodontitis group. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in serum OPG values. A statistically significantly positive correlation was observed between serum IL-20 value and serum RANKL, RANKL/OPG, MMP-8, TNF-α, IL-1β values, and periodontal clinical parameters. The ROC curves showed: AUC = 0.788 for GCF IL-20, and AUC = 1.000 for serum IL-20. CONCLUSION According to the results of the study, IL-20 was found to be associated with periodontitis. The role of IL-20 in periodontal pathogenesis is related to osteoclastogenesis and collagen degradation. It is conceivable that IL-20 may increase bone destruction by both affecting the RANKL/OPG ratio and proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yemenoglu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - R Senkal
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - O Kose
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - A Yılmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - S Mataracı Karakaş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - K Akyıldız
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Health Care Services Vocational School, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
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Ouhara K, Takemura T, Taniguchi Y, Fujimori R, Tamura T, Akane Y, Matsuda S, Hamamoto Y, Shintani T, Kajiya M, Munenaga S, Iwata T, Fujita T, Mizuno N. Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 affects bone destruction via IL-6 in mouse periodontitis model. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38656694 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the production of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) in periodontitis patients and its effectiveness as a new diagnostic marker for periodontitis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In vitro experiments were conducted to analyze LRG1 mRNA expression in human gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts via quantitative real-time PCR. In vivo experiments were conducted to analyze LRG1 localization in periodontitis patients. The correlation between the serum LRG1 levels and alveolar bone resorption in the mouse periodontitis model was also investigated. RESULTS A positive correlation existed between the periodontal inflamed surface area and serum LRG1 levels (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient: 0.60). LRG1 mRNA expression in human gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts was upregulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis stimulation or tumor necrosis factor-α stimulation. Interleukin-6 in human gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts induced the production of LRG1 and transforming growth factor-β. LRG1 levels in the periodontal tissue and serum in the periodontitis model were higher than those in control mice. LRG1 local administration resulted in alveolar bone resorption, whereas the administration of interleukin-6R antibody inhibited bone resorption. CONCLUSIONS LRG1 levels in serum and periodontal tissue are upregulated in periodontitis and are implicated in periodontal tissue destruction through interleukin-6 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tasuku Takemura
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuri Taniguchi
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryousuke Fujimori
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tamura
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Akane
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsuda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuta Hamamoto
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Shintani
- Department of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Syuichi Munenaga
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Fujita
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Bergantini L, d'Alessandro M, Cameli P, Otranto A, Luzzi S, Bianchi F, Bargagli E. Cytokine profiles in the detection of severe lung involvement in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: The IL-8/IL-32 axis. Cytokine 2022; 151:155804. [PMID: 35063722 PMCID: PMC8765080 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious respiratory disorder caused by a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. The pathophysiology of severe COVID-19 is associated with a “cytokine storm”. IL-32 is a key modulator in the pathogenesis of various clinical conditions and is mostly induced by IL-8. IL-32 modulates important inflammatory pathways (including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1b), contributing to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Il-32 was never evaluated before in COVID-19 patients stratifying as mild-moderate and severe patients. A total of 64 COVID-19 patients, 27 healthy controls were consecutively enrolled in the study. Serum concentrations of biomarkers including IL-1β, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6 were quantified by bead-based multiplex analysis and Serum concentration of IL-8 and IL-32 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Interestingly, among the blood parameters, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were significantly lower in severe COVID-19 patients than in the other, on the contrary, CRP was significantly higher in severe patients than in other groups. The cytokines that best distinguished controls from COVID-19 patients were IL-8 and IL-32, while IL-6 resulted the better variables for discriminate severe group. The best model performance for severe group was obtained by the combination of IL-32, IL-6, IFN-γ, and CRP serum concentration showing an AUC = 0.83. A cut off of 15 pg/ml of IL-6 greatly discriminate survivor from death patients. New insights related to the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients, highlighting different severity of disease infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bergantini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Respiratory Diseases and Transplant Unit, Siena University, Siena, Italy.
| | - Miriana d'Alessandro
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Respiratory Diseases and Transplant Unit, Siena University, Siena, Italy
| | - Paolo Cameli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Respiratory Diseases and Transplant Unit, Siena University, Siena, Italy
| | - Ambra Otranto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Respiratory Diseases and Transplant Unit, Siena University, Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Luzzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Respiratory Diseases and Transplant Unit, Siena University, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Bianchi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Respiratory Diseases and Transplant Unit, Siena University, Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Bargagli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Respiratory Diseases and Transplant Unit, Siena University, Siena, Italy
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Plemmenos G, Evangeliou E, Polizogopoulos N, Chalazias A, Deligianni M, Piperi C. Central Regulatory Role of Cytokines in Periodontitis and Targeting Options. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3032-3058. [PMID: 32838709 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200824112732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is an immune-inflammatory disease that leads to the progressive destruction of bone and connective tissue in the periodontal area. The cytokine network plays a primary role in tissue homeostasis, the recruitment of immune cells to control the pathogenic impact and the regulation of osteoclastic function, thus modulating the intensity and duration of the immune response. This review provides an update on the main cytokines implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of periodontitis and their targeting potential in order to enrich current treatment options. METHODS A structured search of bibliographic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus) was performed for peer-reviewed cytokine studies focused on periodontitis the last ten years. A qualitative content analysis was performed in screened papers and a critical discussion of main findings is provided. RESULTS An altered cytokine profile has been detected in periodontitis patients and the interplay of pro-inflammatory and/or anti-inflammatory cytokines has been associated with disease pathogenesis. Among the most prominent pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17, IL-6 and the chemokines CXCL-6, CXCL-8 are overexpressed in periodontitis patients and correlate with disease progression. On the other hand, the anti-inflammatory IL-4 and IL- 11 levels are reduced while IL-12 and IFN-γ expression play a dual role in periodontal disease. Current periodontitis treatment strategies include selective antibiotics, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and probiotics, which can modulate the cytokine network and when applied in combination with specific anti-cytokine agents can exert additional beneficial effects. CONCLUSION It is evident that cytokines play a central regulatory role in the inflammatory process and immune cell response that underlies bone destruction in periodontitis. Specific cytokine targeting should be considered as a complementary therapeutic scheme to current periodontal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Plemmenos
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Evangeliou
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Polizogopoulos
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Chalazias
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Marianthi Deligianni
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece
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Öngöz Dede F, Gökmenoğlu C, Deveci ET, Çelen S, Avci B, Kara C, Çanakçi V. Increased levels of interleukin-32 isoforms alpha, beta, gamma, and delta in the gingival crevicular fluid and plasma of the patients with periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2020; 56:83-92. [PMID: 32890410 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Interleukin (IL)-32, which has been recently reported to be associated with periodontitis, has been suggested to have pleiotropic effect due to its 9 different isoforms. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, IL-32δ isoforms in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis (P). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-seven P and 27 periodontally healthy controls (C) were recruited in this study. Non-surgical periodontal treatment was performed to periodontitis patients. GCF and plasma sampling and clinical periodontal parameters were evaluated before and 1 month after treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze the levels of IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, IL-32δ isoforms in GCF and plasma samples. RESULTS The levels of IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, and IL-32δ in plasma and GCF were significantly higher in patients with periodontitis than healthy controls (P < .001). In P group, plasma and GCF IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, and IL-32δ levels after non-surgical periodontal treatment were lower when compared to baseline (P < .001). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between GCF and plasma IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, and IL-32δ levels in all groups at baseline and after treatment (P < .05). CONCLUSION The study supported that there was a relationship between elevated levels of IL-32 isoforms and periodontitis. Also, our novel findings suggest that the pro-inflammatory role of IL-32 in the periodontitis may be originated from IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, and IL-32δ isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Öngöz Dede
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Ceren Gökmenoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Emre Taha Deveci
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Selman Çelen
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Bahattin Avci
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Cankat Kara
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Varol Çanakçi
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
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Ebersole JL, Peyyala R, Gonzalez OA. Biofilm-induced profiles of immune response gene expression by oral epithelial cells. Mol Oral Microbiol 2019; 34. [PMID: 30407731 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the oral epithelial immunotranscriptome response patterns modulated by oral bacterial planktonic or biofilm challenge. We assessed gene expression patterns when epithelial cells were challenged with a multispecies biofilm composed of Streptococcus gordonii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis representing a type of periodontopathic biofilm compared to challenge with the same species of planktonic bacteria. Of the 579 human immunology genes, a substantial signal of the epithelial cells was observed to 181 genes. Biofilm challenged stimulated significant elevations compared to planktonic bacteria for IL32, IL8, CD44, B2M, TGFBI, NFKBIA, IL1B, CD59, IL1A, CCL20 representing the top 10 signals comprising 55% of the overall signal for the epithelial cell responses. Levels of PLAU, CD9, IFITM1, PLAUR, CD24, TNFSF10, and IL1RN were all elevated by each of the planktonic bacterial challenge vs the biofilm responses. While the biofilms up-regulated 123/579 genes (>2-fold), fewer genes were increased by the planktonic species (36 [S gordonii], 30 [F nucleatum], 44 [P gingivalis]). A wide array of immune genes were regulated by oral bacterial challenge of epithelial cells that would be linked to the local activity of innate and adaptive immune response components in the gingival tissues. Incorporating bacterial species into a structured biofilm dramatically altered the number and level of genes expressed. Additionally, a specific set of genes were significantly decreased with the multispecies biofilms suggesting that some epithelial cell biologic pathways are down-regulated when in contact with this type of pathogenic biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada.,College of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Rebecca Peyyala
- College of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Octavio A Gonzalez
- College of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Li J, Wang R, Ge Y, Chen D, Wu B, Fang F. Assessment of microRNA-144-5p and its putative targets in inflamed gingiva from chronic periodontitis patients. J Periodontal Res 2018; 54:266-277. [PMID: 30450635 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study aimed to discover the distinctive MicroRNAs (miRNA) functioning in the pathogenesis of periodontal inflammation, which might be potential therapy targets of chronic periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS miRNA profiles of human inflamed gingival tissue from three previous microarrays were re-analysed. Gingival tissues were collected for the validation of overlapping miRNAs, and a network was constructed to show regulatory connection between overlapping miRNAs and periodontitis-associated target genes. Potential miRNAs were screened based on their expression levels and predicted target genes. Correlation analysis and binding site prediction were conducted to reveal the relationship between the potential miRNAs and their target genes. RESULTS miR-144-5p, found to be upregulated in all three studies, showed the greatest upregulation (P < 0.0001). Another 16 miRNAs (10 upregulated and six downregulated) overlapped between any two of the three studies. All overlapping miRNAs had expected expression levels except for miR-203 during validation. Ten miRNAs (six upregulated and four downregulated) were found to have periodontal inflammation-associated targets. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and interleukin-17F (IL17F), predicted target genes of upregulated miR-144-5p, showed significant decreases and were negatively correlated with miR-144-5p in the periodontitis group (r = -0.742 for COX2, r = -0.615 for IL17F). CONCLUSION This re-analysis of miRNA signatures has implied the potential regulatory mechanism of miR-144-5p and its potential for exploring alternative therapeutic approaches, especially those that use miRNA delivery systems to treat chronic periodontitis. Nevertheless, further study based on larger sample size and homogenous cells is needed to reveal the exact roles of miRNAs in chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjia Li
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runting Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihong Ge
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danhong Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuchun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Peyyala R, Emecen-Huja P, Ebersole JL. Environmental lead effects on gene expression in oral epithelial cells. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:961-971. [PMID: 30152021 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Host responses in periodontitis span a range of local and emigrating cell types and biomolecules. Accumulating evidence regarding the expression of this disease across the population suggests some component of genetic variation that controls onset and severity of disease, in concert with the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the oral microbiome at sites of disease. However, there remains little information regarding the capacity of accruing environmental stressors or modifiers over a lifespan at both the host genetic and microbial ecology levels to understand fully the population variation in disease. This study evaluated the impact of environmental lead exposure on the responses of oral epithelial cells to challenge with a model pathogenic oral biofilm. METHODS AND RESULTS Using NanoString technology to quantify gene expression profiles of an array of 511 host response-associated genes in the epithelial cells, we identified an interesting primary panel of basal responses of the cells with numerous genes not previously considered as major response markers for epithelial cells, eg, interleukin (IL)-32, CTNNB1, CD59, MIF, CD44 and CD99. Even high levels of environment lead had little effect on these constitutive responses. Challenge of the cells with the biofilms (Streptococcus gordonii/Fusobacterium nucleatum/Porphyromonas gingivalis) resulted in significant increases in an array of host immune-related genes (134 of 511). The greatest magnitude in differential expression was observed with many genes not previously described as major response genes in epithelial cells, including IL-32, CD44, NFKBIA, CTSC, TNFAIP3, IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-8 and CCL20. The effects of environmental lead on responses to the biofilms were mixed, although levels of IL-8, CCL20 and CD70 were significantly decreased at lead concentrations of 1 and/or 5 μmol/L. CONCLUSION The results provided new information on a portfolio of genes expressed by oral epithelial cells, targeted substantial increases in an array of immune-related genes post-biofilm challenge, and a focused impact of environmental lead on these induced responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Peyyala
- Center for Oral Health Research and Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Pinar Emecen-Huja
- Center for Oral Health Research and Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Jeffrey L Ebersole
- Center for Oral Health Research and Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Dos Santos JC, Damen MSMA, Joosten LAB, Ribeiro-Dias F. Interleukin-32: An endogenous danger signal or master regulator of intracellular pathogen infections-Focus on leishmaniases. Semin Immunol 2018; 38:15-23. [PMID: 29551246 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 32 (IL-32) is an intracellular cytokine produced by immune and non immune cells after different stimuli. It contributes to inflammation and control of intracellular pathogens mainly by inducing proinflammatory cytokines and microbicidal molecules. Evidence is rising showing that IL-32 can be considered an endogenous danger signal after tissue injury, amplifying the inflammatory process and acquired immune responses. It seems to be a master regulator of intracellular infectious diseases. In this review, first the general properties of IL-32 are described followed by its role in the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory and infectious diseases. Roles of IL-32 in the control of infectious diseases caused by intracellular pathogens are reported, and later a focus on IL-32 in leishmaniases, diseases caused by an intracellular protozoan, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica C Dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Michelle S M A Damen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Fátima Ribeiro-Dias
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Hu Z, Zhang Y, Li Z, Yu Y, Kang W, Han Y, Geng X, Ge S, Sun Y. Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on chronic periodontitis by the change of microecology and inflammation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66700-66712. [PMID: 27602578 PMCID: PMC5341831 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a pathogen inducing peptic disease, is recently found to be binding to the progress of periodontitis. Most previous studies are case-controlled, and they investigate the risk of H. pylori infection in disease the development of while few studies evaluate the correlation between H. pylori and periodontal pathogens. Therefore, we investigated the correlation between H. pylori infection with periodontal parameters, periodontal pathogens and inflammation. The results indicated that patients with H. pylori showed significantly higher probing depth and attachment loss than those without (p < 0.05). Among 28 subgingival plaque samples from 14 patients, the frequencies of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Treponema denticola were significantly higher with H. pylori infection than those without H. pylori infection (p < 0.05). However, the frequency of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was lower (p < 0.05). Furthermore, after human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) was stimulated with cagA-positive standard strains (cagA+ H. pylori 26695), the expression of periodontitis-related molecules Wnt5a, interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) significantly increased (p < 0.05). Conversely, the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was almost stable. Meanwhile, cagA+ H. pylori promoted significantly higher expression of IL-8 and Wnt5a than isogenic cagA mutants strains (cagA− H. pylori 26695) did. Taken together, our data suggested that H. pylori might promote the growth of some periodontal pathogens and aggravate the progress of chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhekai Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuedi Yu
- Shanghai Southwest Weiyu Middle School, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Oral Tumor Biology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology Ninth People Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyan Kang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China.,Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingnan Han
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwen Geng
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China.,Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yundong Sun
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
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11
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Yamakawa M, Ouhara K, Kajiya M, Munenaga S, Kittaka M, Yamasaki S, Takeda K, Takeshita K, Mizuno N, Fujita T, Sugiyama E, Kurihara H. Porphyromonas gingivalis infection exacerbates the onset of rheumatoid arthritis in SKG mice. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 186:177-189. [PMID: 27465496 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have linked periodontitis to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) was reported recently to produce citrullinated protein (CP) and increase anti-cyclic CP antibody (ACPA), both of which have been identified as causative factors of RA. In the present study, we determined the effects of Pg infection on the exacerbation of RA in a mouse model. RA model mice (SKG mice) were established by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of laminarin (LA). Mice were divided into six groups, Ctrl (PBS injection), LA (LA injection), Pg/LA (Pg + LA injection), Pg (Pg injection), Ec/LA (Escherichia coli and LA injection) and Ec (E. coli injection). In order to evaluate RA, joint swelling by the arthritis score, bone morphology by microcomputed tomography (microCT), haematoxylin and eosin staining, ACPA, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and cytokine level in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were determined. Osteoclast differentiation from bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMCs) was examined to clarify the underlying mechanisms of RA. The presence of Pg and CP in joint tissue was also investigated. The arthritis score was threefold higher in the Pg/LA group than in the LA group. Severe bone destruction was observed in joint tissue of the Pg/LA group. A microCT analysis of the Pg/LA group revealed a decrease in bone density. ACPA, MMP-3, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, CXCL1 and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α levels from the Pg/LA group were the highest. The osteoclastogenesis of BMCs was enhanced in the Pg/LA group. Furthermore, large amounts of Pg components and CP were detected in the Pg/LA group. In conclusion, Pg infection has the potential to exacerbate RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamakawa
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - K Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University.
| | - M Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - S Munenaga
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - M Kittaka
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - S Yamasaki
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - K Takeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - K Takeshita
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - N Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - T Fujita
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - E Sugiyama
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - H Kurihara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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12
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Öngöz Dede F, Balli U, Bozkurt Doğan Ş, Güven B. Interleukin-32 levels in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis after periodontal treatment. J Periodontal Res 2016; 52:397-407. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Öngöz Dede
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology; Ordu University; Ordu Turkey
| | - U. Balli
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology; Bulent Ecevit University; Zonguldak Turkey
| | - Ş. Bozkurt Doğan
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology; Yıldırım Beyazıt University; Ankara Turkey
| | - B. Güven
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Medical Biochemistry; Bulent Ecevit University; Zonguldak Turkey
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Staphylococcus aureus Phenol-Soluble Modulins Impair Interleukin Expression in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Infect Immun 2016; 84:1682-1692. [PMID: 27001539 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01330-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the recently described interleukin-32 (IL-32) in Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland, is unclear. We determined expression of IL-32, IL-6, and IL-8 in S. aureus- and Escherichia coli-infected bovine mammary gland epithelial cells. Using live bacteria, we found that in S. aureus-infected cells, induction of IL-6 and IL-8 expression was less pronounced than in E. coli-infected cells. Notably, IL-32 expression was decreased in S. aureus-infected cells, while it was increased in E. coli-infected cells. We identified the staphylococcal phenol-soluble modulin (PSM) peptides as key contributors to these effects, as IL-32, IL-6, and IL-8 expression by epithelial cells exposed to psm mutant strains was significantly increased compared to that in cells exposed to the isogenic S. aureus wild-type strain, indicating that PSMs inhibit the production of these interleukins. The use of genetically complemented strains confirmed this observation. Inasmuch as the decreased expression of IL-32, which is involved in dendritic cell maturation, impairs immune responses, our results support a PSM-dependent mechanism that allows for the development of chronic S. aureus-related mastitis.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW IL-32 is a recently described proinflammatory cytokine and has been reported to be involved in inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of IL-32 in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). RECENT FINDINGS Two groups have recently reported data regarding the expression of IL-32 in CRS. IL-32 was induced by IFN-γ, TNF-α, dsRNA, and incubation with Th1 cells in primary nasal epithelial cells. IL-32 may be elevated in epithelial cells from patients with CRS without nasal polyps. IL-32 was significantly elevated in whole sinonasal tissue samples of nasal polyps compared with control tissue. IL-32 mRNA expression positively correlated with mRNA for CD3 and macrophage mannose receptor in nasal polyp tissue. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated localization of IL-32 in epithelium, CD3(+) and CD68(+) cells, suggesting that epithelial cells, T cells, and macrophages are the major IL-32-producing cells in CRS. Activation of these cell types may trigger IL-32-related inflammation in CRS. SUMMARY Elevated levels of IL-32 may play a role in the pathogenesis of CRS through its role as a proinflammatory cytokine and as an endogenous enhancer of pathogen-dependent cytokine production.
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