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Roggenbuck EC, Hall EA, Hanson IB, Roby AA, Zhang KK, Alkatib KA, Carter JA, Clewner JE, Gelfius AL, Gong S, Gordon FR, Iseler JN, Kotapati S, Li M, Maysun A, McCormick EO, Rastogi G, Sengupta S, Uzoma CU, Wolkov MA, Clowney EJ. Let's talk about sex: Mechanisms of neural sexual differentiation in Bilateria. WIREs Mech Dis 2024; 16:e1636. [PMID: 38185860 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, sexed gonads have evolved that facilitate release of sperm versus eggs, and bilaterian animals purposefully combine their gametes via mating behaviors. Distinct neural circuits have evolved that control these physically different mating events for animals producing eggs from ovaries versus sperm from testis. In this review, we will describe the developmental mechanisms that sexually differentiate neural circuits across three major clades of bilaterian animals-Ecdysozoa, Deuterosomia, and Lophotrochozoa. While many of the mechanisms inducing somatic and neuronal sex differentiation across these diverse organisms are clade-specific rather than evolutionarily conserved, we develop a common framework for considering the developmental logic of these events and the types of neuronal differences that produce sex-differentiated behaviors. This article is categorized under: Congenital Diseases > Stem Cells and Development Neurological Diseases > Stem Cells and Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Roggenbuck
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Elijah A Hall
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Isabel B Hanson
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alyssa A Roby
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Katherine K Zhang
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kyle A Alkatib
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Joseph A Carter
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jarred E Clewner
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anna L Gelfius
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shiyuan Gong
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Finley R Gordon
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jolene N Iseler
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Samhita Kotapati
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Marilyn Li
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Areeba Maysun
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Elise O McCormick
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Geetanjali Rastogi
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Srijani Sengupta
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Chantal U Uzoma
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Madison A Wolkov
- MCDB 464 - Cellular Diversity: Sex Differentiation of the Brain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - E Josephine Clowney
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute Affiliate, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Yalniz Y, Yunusoğlu O, Berköz M, Demirel ME. Effects of fisetin on ethanol-induced rewarding properties in mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2024; 50:75-83. [PMID: 38235981 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2023.2292976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder associated with compulsive drinking of alcohol. Natural flavonoid fisetin affects a variety of transmitter systems relevant to AUD, such as aminobutyric acid, N-methyl-D-aspartate, and dopamine, as well as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors.Objectives: This study investigated fisetin's impact on the motivational properties of ethanol using conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice (n = 50).Methods: Mice were conditioned with ethanol (2 g/kg, i.p.) or saline on alternating days for 8 consecutive days and were given intragastric (i.g.) fisetin (10, 20, or 30 mg/kg, i.g.), 45 min before ethanol conditioning. During extinction, physiological saline was injected to the control and ethanol groups, and fisetin was administered to the fisetin groups. To evaluate the effect of fisetin on the reinstatement of ethanol-induced CPP, fisetin was given 45 min before a priming dose of ethanol (0.4 g/kg, i.p.; reinstatement test day).Results: Fisetin decreased the acquisition of ethanol-induced CPP (30 mg/kg, p < .05) and accelerated extinction (20 and 30 mg/kg, p < .05). Furthermore, fisetin attenuated reinstatement of ethanol-induced CPP (30 mg/kg, p < .05).Conclusions: Fisetin appears to diminish the rewarding properties of ethanol, as indicated by its inhibitory effect and facilitation of extinction in ethanol-induced CPP. These findings imply a potential therapeutic application of fisetin in preventing ethanol-seeking behavior, promoting extinction, and reducing the risk of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Yalniz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Oruç Yunusoğlu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Berköz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Enes Demirel
- Emergency Department, School of Medicine, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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Sneddon EA, Masters BM, Shi H, Radke AK. Removal of the ovaries suppresses ethanol drinking and promotes aversion-resistance in C57BL/6J female mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:2607-2616. [PMID: 37653347 PMCID: PMC11170684 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Female rodents consume more ethanol (EtOH) than males and exhibit greater aversion-resistant drinking in some paradigms. Ovarian hormones promote EtOH drinking but the contribution of ovarian hormones to aversion-resistant drinking has not been assessed. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the role of ovarian hormones to aversion-resistant drinking in female mice in a drinking in the dark (DID) task. METHODS Female C57BL/6 J mice first underwent an ovariectomy (OVX, n = 16) or sham (SHAM, n = 16) surgery. Four weeks following surgery, mice underwent a DID paradigm where they were given access to water and 15% EtOH 3 h into the dark cycle for up to 4 h across 15 drinking sessions. To assess frontloading behavior, bottles were weighed at 30 min, 2 h, and 4 h. Aversion-resistance was tested by adding escalating concentrations of quinine (0, 100, 250, and 500 µM) to the 15% EtOH bottle on sessions 16 - 19. RESULTS Removal of the ovaries reduced EtOH consumption in OVX subjects. When assessing aversion-resistant EtOH drinking, mice with ovarian hormones (SHAM) reduced consumption of 250 and 500 µM quinine in EtOH, while OVX subjects exhibited aversion-resistance at all quinine concentrations. OVX mice had greater frontloading for quinine + EtOH at higher concentrations of quinine. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that circulating ovarian hormones may be protective against the development of aversion-resistant EtOH drinking and call for further investigation of the role of ovarian hormones in models of addictive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Sneddon
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, 90 N Patterson Ave, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Brianna M Masters
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, 90 N Patterson Ave, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Haifei Shi
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, 90 N Patterson Ave, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Anna K Radke
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, 90 N Patterson Ave, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA.
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Arnold ME, Decker Ramirez EB, Beugelsdyk LA, Siano Kuzolitz MV, Jiang Q, Schank JR. Estradiol mediates sex differences in aversion-resistant alcohol intake. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1282230. [PMID: 38027489 PMCID: PMC10651753 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1282230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alcohol consumption despite negative consequences is a core symptom of alcohol use disorder. This can be modeled in mice by pairing aversive stimuli with alcohol consumption, such as adding the bitter tastant quinine to the alcohol solution. If an animal continues to drink alcohol despite such negative stimuli, this is typically considered aversion-resistant, or inflexible, drinking behavior. Previous studies in our lab have found that females are more aversion-resistant than males in that they tolerate higher concentrations of quinine before they suppress their alcohol intake. Interestingly, we did not observe any differences in intake across the estrous cycle. In regards to neuronal activation patterns during quinine-alcohol intake, we have found that male mice show higher levels of activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and posterior insular cortex, while females show higher levels of activation in the ventral tegmental area. Methods In the experiments presented here, we conducted ovariectomies to further examine the role of circulating sex hormones in aversion-resistant alcohol intake and neuronal activation patterns. Furthermore, we used hormonal addback of estradiol or progesterone to determine which ovarian sex hormone mediates aversion-resistant consumption. Results We found that ovariectomy reduced quinine-adulterated alcohol intake, demonstrating that circulating sex hormones play a role in this behavior. We also observed reduced neuronal activation in the VTA of ovariectomized mice compared to sham females, and that estradiol supplementation reversed the effect of ovariectomy on quinine-alcohol intake. Discussion Taken together with our prior data, these findings suggest that circulating estradiol contributes to the expression of aversion-resistant alcohol intake and neuronal activity in the VTA. However, since this behavior is not affected by the estrous cycle, we believe this is due to a threshold level of this hormone, as opposed to fluctuations that occur across the estrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jesse R. Schank
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Lasek AW, da Silva D, Choi DS. Editorial: Molecular aspects of compulsive drug use. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1252507. [PMID: 37559919 PMCID: PMC10408118 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1252507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amy W. Lasek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Daniel da Silva
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
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Foo JC, Skorodumov I, Spanagel R, Meinhardt MW. Sex- and age-specific effects on the development of addiction and compulsive-like drinking in rats. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:44. [PMID: 37420305 PMCID: PMC10327342 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00529-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological factors are known to influence disease trajectories and treatment effectiveness in alcohol addiction and preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that sex is an important factor influencing disease dynamics in alcohol dependence. Another critical factor is age at first intoxicating drink, which has been identified as a risk factor for later alcohol binging. Preclinical research allows prospective monitoring of rodents throughout the lifespan, providing very detailed information that cannot be acquired in humans. Lifetime monitoring in rodents can be conducted under highly controlled conditions, during which one can systematically introduce multiple biological and environmental factors that impact behaviors of interest. METHODS Here, we used the alcohol deprivation effect (ADE) rat model of alcohol addiction in a computerized drinkometer system, acquiring high-resolution data to study changes over the course of addictive behavior as well as compulsive-like drinking in cohorts of adolescent vs. adult as well as male vs. female rats. RESULTS Female rats drank more alcohol than male rats during the whole experiment, drinking much more weak alcohol (5%) and similar amounts of stronger alcohol solutions (10%, 20%); female rats also consumed more alcohol than male rats during quinine taste adulteration. Increased consumption in females compared to males was driven by larger access sizes of alcohol. Differences in circadian patterns of movement were observed between groups. Early age of onset of drinking (postnatal day 40) in male rats had surprisingly little impact on the development of drinking behavior and compulsivity (quinine taste adulteration) when compared to rats that started drinking during early adulthood (postnatal day 72). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that there are sex-specific drinking patterns, not only in terms of total amount consumed, but specifically in terms of solution preference and access size. These findings provide a better understanding of sex and age factors involved in the development of drinking behavior, and can inform the preclinical development of models of addiction, drug development and exploration of options for new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome C. Foo
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute for Psychopharmacology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ivan Skorodumov
- Institute for Psychopharmacology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rainer Spanagel
- Institute for Psychopharmacology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcus W. Meinhardt
- Institute for Psychopharmacology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Molecular Neuroimaging, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Khom S, Borgonetti V, Vozella V, Kirson D, Rodriguez L, Gandhi P, Bianchi PC, Snyder A, Vlkolinsky R, Bajo M, Oleata CS, Ciccocioppo R, Roberto M. Glucocorticoid receptors regulate central amygdala GABAergic synapses in Marchigian-Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 25:100547. [PMID: 37547774 PMCID: PMC10401345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Impairments in the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and enhanced glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity in the central amygdala (CeA) are critical mechanisms in the pathogenesis of alcohol use disorder (AUD). The GR antagonist mifepristone attenuates craving in AUD patients, alcohol consumption in AUD models, and decreases CeA γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transmission in alcohol-dependent rats. Previous studies suggest elevated GR activity in the CeA of male alcohol-preferring Marchigian-Sardinian (msP) rats, but its contribution to heightened CeA GABA transmission driving their characteristic post-dependent phenotype is largely unknown. We determined Nr3c1 (the gene encoding GR) gene transcription in the CeA in male and female msP and Wistar rats using in situ hybridization and studied acute effects of mifepristone (10 μM) and its interaction with ethanol (44 mM) on pharmacologically isolated spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) and electrically evoked inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (eIPSPs) in the CeA using ex vivo slice electrophysiology. Female rats of both genotypes expressed more CeA GRs than males, suggesting a sexually dimorphic GR regulation of CeA activity. Mifepristone reduced sIPSC frequencies (GABA release) and eIPSP amplitudes in msP rats of both sexes, but not in their Wistar counterparts; however, it did not prevent acute ethanol-induced increase in CeA GABA transmission in male rats. In msP rats, GR regulates CeA GABAergic signaling under basal conditions, indicative of intrinsically active GR. Thus, enhanced GR function in the CeA represents a key mechanism contributing to maladaptive behaviors associated with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Khom
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, Vienna, A 1090, Austria
| | - Vittoria Borgonetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Valentina Vozella
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Dean Kirson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science, and Toxicology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Larry Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pauravi Gandhi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Paula Cristina Bianchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Angela Snyder
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Roman Vlkolinsky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michal Bajo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christopher S Oleata
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Marisa Roberto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Sneddon EA, Masters BM, Ream KD, Fennell KA, DeMedio JN, Cash MM, Hollingsworth BP, Pandrangi S, Thach CM, Shi H, Radke AK. Sex chromosome and gonadal hormone contributions to binge-like and aversion-resistant ethanol drinking behaviors in Four Core Genotypes mice. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1098387. [PMID: 36960454 PMCID: PMC10027717 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1098387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction While substantial research has focused on the contribution of sex hormones to driving elevated levels of alcohol drinking in female rodents, fewer studies have investigated how genetic influences may underlie sex differences in this behavior. Methods We used the Four Core Genotypes (FCG) mouse model to explore the contribution of sex chromosome complement (XX/XY) and gonad type [ovaries (Sry-)/testes (Sry+)] to ethanol (EtOH) consumption and quinine-resistant drinking across two voluntary self-administration tasks: limited access consumption in the home cage and an operant response task. Results For limited access drinking in the dark, XY/Sry + (vs. XX/Sry +) mice consumed more 15% EtOH across sessions while preference for 15% EtOH vs. water was higher in XY vs. XX mice regardless of gonad type. XY chromosomes promoted quinine-resistant drinking in mice with ovaries (Sry-) and the estrous cycle did not affect the results. In the operant response task, responding for EtOH was concentration dependent in all genotypes except XX/Sry + mice, which maintained consistent response levels across all concentrations (5-20%) of EtOH. When increasing concentrations of quinine (100-500 μM) were added to the solution, FCG mice were insensitive to quinine-punished EtOH responding, regardless of sex chromosome complement. Sry + mice were further found to be insensitive to quinine when presented in water. Importantly, these effects were not influenced by sensitivity to EtOH's sedative effect, as no differences were observed in the time to lose the righting reflex or the time to regain the righting reflex between genotypes. Additionally, no differences in EtOH concentration in the blood were observed between any of the genotypes once the righting reflex was regained. Discussion These results provide evidence that sex chromosome complement regulates EtOH consumption, preference, and aversion resistance and add to a growing body of literature suggesting that chromosomal sex may be an important contributor to alcohol drinking behaviors. Examination of sex-specific genetic differences may uncover promising new therapeutic targets for high-risk drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Sneddon
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Brianna M. Masters
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Kiara D. Ream
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Kaila A. Fennell
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Jenelle N. DeMedio
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Miranda M. Cash
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Brynn P. Hollingsworth
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Sai Pandrangi
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Chloe M. Thach
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Haifei Shi
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Anna K. Radke
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
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Martins de Carvalho L, Chen H, Sutter M, Lasek AW. Sexually dimorphic role for insular perineuronal nets in aversion-resistant alcohol consumption. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1122423. [PMID: 36926460 PMCID: PMC10011443 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1122423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Compulsive alcohol drinking is a key symptom of alcohol use disorder (AUD) that is particularly resistant to treatment. An understanding of the biological factors that underly compulsive drinking will allow for the development of new therapeutic targets for AUD. One animal model of compulsive alcohol drinking involves the addition of bitter-tasting quinine to an ethanol solution and measuring the willingness of the animal to consume ethanol despite the aversive taste. Previous studies have demonstrated that this type of aversion-resistant drinking is modulated in the insular cortex of male mice by specialized condensed extracellular matrix known as perineuronal nets (PNNs), which form a lattice-like structure around parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the cortex. Several laboratories have shown that female mice exhibit higher levels of aversion-resistant ethanol intake, but the role of PNNs in females in this behavior has not been examined. Here we compared PNNs in the insula of male and female mice and determined if disrupting PNNs in female mice would alter aversion-resistant ethanol intake. PNNs were visualized in the insula by fluorescent labeling with Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) and disrupted in the insula by microinjecting chondroitinase ABC, an enzyme that digests the chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan component of PNNs. Mice were tested for aversion-resistant ethanol consumption by the addition of sequentially increasing concentrations of quinine to the ethanol in a two-bottle choice drinking in the dark procedure. PNN staining intensity was higher in the insula of female compared to male mice, suggesting that PNNs in females might contribute to elevated aversion-resistant drinking. However, disruption of PNNs had limited effect on aversion-resistant drinking in females. In addition, activation of the insula during aversion-resistant drinking, as measured by c-fos immunohistochemistry, was lower in female mice than in males. Taken together, these results suggest that neural mechanisms underlying aversion-resistant ethanol consumption differ in males and females.
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de Carvalho LM, Chen H, Sutter M, Lasek AW. Sexually Dimorphic Role for Insular Perineuronal Nets in Aversion-Resistant Ethanol Consumption. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.27.525899. [PMID: 36747687 PMCID: PMC9901005 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.27.525899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Compulsive alcohol drinking is a key symptom of alcohol use disorder (AUD) that is particularly resistant to treatment. An understanding of the biological factors that underly compulsive drinking will allow for the development of new therapeutic targets for AUD. One animal model of compulsive alcohol drinking involves the addition of bitter-tasting quinine to an ethanol solution and measuring the willingness of the animal to consume ethanol despite the aversive taste. Previous studies have demonstrated that this type of aversion-resistant drinking is modulated in the insular cortex of male mice by specialized condensed extracellular matrix known as perineuronal nets (PNNs), which form a lattice-like structure around parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the cortex. Several laboratories have shown that female mice exhibit higher levels of aversion-resistant ethanol intake but the role of PNNs in females in this behavior has not been examined. Here we compared PNNs in the insula of male and female mice and determined if disrupting PNNs in female mice would alter aversion-resistant ethanol intake. PNNs were visualized in the insula by fluorescent labeling with Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) and disrupted in the insula by microinjecting chondroitinase ABC, an enzyme that digests the chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan component of PNNs. Mice were tested for aversion-resistant ethanol consumption by the addition of sequentially increasing concentrations of quinine to the ethanol in a two-bottle choice drinking in the dark procedure. PNN staining intensity was higher in the insula of female compared to male mice, suggesting that PNNs in females might contribute to elevated aversion-resistant drinking. However, disruption of PNNs had limited effect on aversion-resistant drinking in females. In addition, activation of the insula during aversion-resistant drinking, as measured by c-fos immunohistochemistry, was lower in female mice than in males. Taken together, these results suggest that neural mechanisms underlying aversion-resistant ethanol consumption differ in males and females.
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11
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Chen Y, Cai W, Li C, Su Z, Guo Z, Li Z, Wang C, Xu F. Sex differences in peripheral monoamine transmitter and related hormone levels in chronic stress mice with a depression-like phenotype. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14014. [PMID: 36132219 PMCID: PMC9484450 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Chronic stress could induce depression-like phenotype in animal models. Previous data showed that sex differences exist after chronic stress model establishment, however, the detailed information about the difference of blood biochemical indexes is not clear. In this study, we aim to supply comparison of monoamine transmitters and related hormone markers in serum between male and female depressed mice, and in order to better understand the sex difference in transmitters and hormone levels in depression occurrence and development. Methods Sixty C57BL/6 mice (both male and female) were divided into two groups by gender. Same gender mice were then divided randomly into the non-treated control group and chronic stress group which was exposed to 8 weeks of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Depression-like behavior was assessed with open-field test and sucrose preference test. Blood sample was collected and monoamine transmitter and related hormone in serum were measured by ELISA. Results The depression-like phenotype mice model was established successfully after 8 weeks of chronic stress. The locomotion activity scores in male stressed mice declined more than that in female stressed mice, while the exploratory behavior scores in female stressed mice declined more than that in male stressed mice. Compared to non-treated control group mice, mice in the chronic stress group in response to stress showed greater declines in monoamine transmitters (5-HT, dopamine, norepinephrine) and sex hormones (androgen, estrogen, oxytocin and prolactin), while stress hormones (adrenaline, corticosterone and ACTH) were significantly increased. The decrease of norepinephrine, androgen and estrogen in female stressed mice was greater than in male stressed mice, whereas the 5-HT and oxytocin in male stressed mice decreased more than in female stressed mice, and the corticosterone in male stressed mice increased more than in female stressed mice. Conclusion Sex differences of monoamine transmitter and related hormone levels in serum occurred in chronic stress induced depression-like phenotype mice model. It may provide a useful reference to guide precise antidepressant treatment in different gender population in clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijia Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Canye Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuanjun Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuman Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Mineur YS, Garcia-Rivas V, Thomas MA, Soares AR, McKee SA, Picciotto MR. Sex differences in stress-induced alcohol intake: a review of preclinical studies focused on amygdala and inflammatory pathways. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:2041-2061. [PMID: 35359158 PMCID: PMC9704113 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06120-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinical studies suggest that women are more likely than men to relapse to alcohol drinking in response to stress; however, the mechanisms underlying this sex difference are not well understood. A number of preclinical behavioral models have been used to study stress-induced alcohol intake. Here, we review paradigms used to study effects of stress on alcohol intake in rodents, focusing on findings relevant to sex differences. To date, studies of sex differences in stress-induced alcohol drinking have been somewhat limited; however, there is evidence that amygdala-centered circuits contribute to effects of stress on alcohol seeking. In addition, we present an overview of inflammatory pathways leading to microglial activation that may contribute to alcohol-dependent behaviors. We propose that sex differences in neuronal function and inflammatory signaling in circuits centered on the amygdala are involved in sex-dependent effects on stress-induced alcohol seeking and suggest that this is an important area for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann S Mineur
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 34 Park Street, 3Rd Floor Research, New Haven, CT, 06508, USA
| | - Vernon Garcia-Rivas
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 34 Park Street, 3Rd Floor Research, New Haven, CT, 06508, USA
| | - Merrilee A Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 34 Park Street, 3Rd Floor Research, New Haven, CT, 06508, USA
| | - Alexa R Soares
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 34 Park Street, 3Rd Floor Research, New Haven, CT, 06508, USA
- Yale Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sherry A McKee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 34 Park Street, 3Rd Floor Research, New Haven, CT, 06508, USA
| | - Marina R Picciotto
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 34 Park Street, 3Rd Floor Research, New Haven, CT, 06508, USA.
- Yale Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, New Haven, CT, USA.
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13
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Jimenez Chavez CL, Van Doren E, Matalon J, Ogele N, Kharwa A, Madory L, Kazerani I, Herbert J, Torres-Gonzalez J, Rivera E, Szumlinski KK. Alcohol-Drinking Under Limited-Access Procedures During Mature Adulthood Accelerates the Onset of Cognitive Impairment in Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:732375. [PMID: 35685271 PMCID: PMC9171112 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.732375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A history of heavy drinking increases vulnerability to, and the severity of, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementias, with alcohol use disorder identified as the strongest modifiable risk factor for early-onset dementia. Heavy drinking has increased markedly in women over the past 10 years, particularly in mature adult women during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This is concerning as women are more sensitive to many alcohol-related disease states, including AD and related dementias. Herein, we conducted two studies to determine if a 1-month period of binge drinking during mature adulthood (i.e., 5–9 months of age) impairs spatial and working memory to a greater extent in female vs. male C57BL/6J (B6J) mice. The anxiogenic and cognitive-impairing effects of binge drinking were also compared between mature adult and old B6J mice (18 months of age) in a third study. Throughout, females consumed more alcohol than males, indicating that a sex difference in binge drinking persists into old age. Despite the sex difference in intake, we detected no consistent sex difference in our measures of alcohol withdrawal-induced anxiety during a behavioral test battery. Although mature adult females exhibited more cognitive deficits than males, the precise outcome exhibiting a female-selective effect varied across studies. Old mice drank lower amounts of alcohol than mature adult mice, yet their blood ethanol concentrations (BECs) were within error of the 80 mg/dl criterion for binge drinking, indicative of an age-related slowing of alcohol metabolism. As expected, 18-month-old controls exhibited more signs of cognitive impairment than their 6-month-old counterparts, and binge drinking history impaired the Morris water maze performance of mice of both ages. In contrast, binge drinking history impaired the radial arm maze performance of 6-month-old mice only, and the extent of the impairment was comparable to the behavior exhibited by the older mice. We conclude from our studies that: (1) both biological sex and the age of drinking onset are subject factors that impact voluntary alcohol consumption by mice into old age; (2) binge drinking during later life elicits a negative affective state that is relatively sex-independent; (3) binge drinking during both mature adulthood and old age impairs spatial learning and memory; (4) binge drinking during mature adulthood accelerates deficits in working memory; and (5) mature adult females tend to exhibit more alcohol-induced cognitive impairments than males. If relevant to humans, these findings suggest that binge-like drinking by older adult men and women induces a negative affective state and cognitive decline, but that mature adult women, in particular, may be more sensitive to both the immediate and persistent cognitive-impairing effects of heavy drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Leonardo Jimenez Chavez
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Eliyana Van Doren
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Jacob Matalon
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Nneoma Ogele
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Aadithya Kharwa
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Lauren Madory
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Ida Kazerani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Herbert
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Jose Torres-Gonzalez
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Emely Rivera
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Karen K. Szumlinski
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Karen K. Szumlinski
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14
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Chen H, Lu Y, Xiong R, Rosales CI, Coles C, Hamada K, Asad N, Thatcher GRJ, Lasek AW. Effect of a brain-penetrant selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) on binge drinking in female mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:1313-1320. [PMID: 35581531 PMCID: PMC9357040 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Greater circulating levels of the steroid hormone 17β‐estradiol (E2) are associated with higher levels of binge drinking in women. In female mice, estrogen receptors in the ventral tegmental area, a dopaminergic region of the brain involved in the motivation to consume ethanol, regulate binge‐like ethanol intake. We recently developed a brain‐penetrant selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), YL3‐122, that could be used to test the behavioral role of brain estrogen receptors. We hypothesized that treating female mice with this compound would reduce binge‐like ethanol drinking. Methods Female C57BL/6J mice were treated systemically with YL3‐122 and a related SERD with low brain penetrance, XR5‐27, and tested for binge‐like ethanol consumption in the drinking in the dark (DID) test. Mice were also tested for sucrose and water consumption and blood ethanol clearance after treatment with the SERDs. Finally, the effect of ethanol exposure on Esr1 gene expression was measured in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and ventral hippocampus (vHPC) of male and female mice by quantitative real‐time PCR after 4 DID sessions. Results YL3‐122 reduced ethanol consumption when mice were in diestrus but not estrus. YL3‐122 also decreased sucrose consumption but did not alter water intake or blood ethanol clearance. XR5‐27 did not affect any of these measures. Binge‐like ethanol drinking resulted in increased Esr1 transcript in the VTA of both sexes, male vHPC, and female PFC. Conclusions These results indicate that SERD treatment can decrease binge‐like ethanol drinking in female mice. Thus, it could be a novel strategy to reduce binge drinking in women, with the caveat that effectiveness may depend on menstrual cycle phase. In addition, Esr1 transcript is increased by binge ethanol exposure in both sexes but in a brain region‐specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Chen
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yunlong Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Carlo I Rosales
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cassandre Coles
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kana Hamada
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nuria Asad
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gregory R J Thatcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,UICentre (Drug Discovery@UIC), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy W Lasek
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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15
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Alavi M, Ryabinin AE, Helms ML, Nipper MA, Devaud LL, Finn DA. Sensitivity and Resilience to Predator Stress-Enhanced Ethanol Drinking Is Associated With Sex-Dependent Differences in Stress-Regulating Systems. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:834880. [PMID: 35645747 PMCID: PMC9132579 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.834880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress can increase ethanol drinking, and evidence confirms an association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Exposure to predator odor is considered a traumatic stressor, and predator stress (PS) has been used extensively as an animal model of PTSD. Our prior work determined that repeated exposure to intermittent PS significantly increased anxiety-related behavior, corticosterone levels, and neuronal activation in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in naïve male and female C57BL/6J mice. Intermittent PS exposure also increased subsequent ethanol drinking in a subgroup of animals, with heterogeneity of responses as seen with comorbid PTSD and AUD. The present studies built upon this prior work and began to characterize “sensitivity” and “resilience” to PS-enhanced drinking. Ethanol drinking was measured during baseline, intermittent PS exposure, and post-stress; mice were euthanized after 24-h abstinence. Calculation of median and interquartile ranges identified “sensitive” (>20% increase in drinking over baseline) and “resilient” (no change or decrease in drinking from baseline) subgroups. Intermittent PS significantly increased subsequent ethanol intake in 24% of male (↑60%) and in 20% of female (↑71%) C57BL/6J mice in the “sensitive” subgroup. Plasma corticosterone levels were increased significantly after PS in both sexes, but levels were lower in the “sensitive” vs. “resilient” subgroups. In representative mice from “sensitive” and “resilient” subgroups, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were analyzed by Western Blotting for levels of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptor 1, CRF receptor 2, CRF binding protein, and glucocorticoid receptor, vs. separate naïve age-matched mice. In prefrontal cortex, CRF receptor 1, CRF receptor 2, CRF binding protein, and glucocorticoid receptor levels were significantly higher in “sensitive” vs. naïve and “resilient” mice only in females. In hippocampus, CRF receptor 1, CRF receptor 2 and glucocorticoid receptor levels were significantly lower in “resilient” vs. naïve and “sensitive” mice across both sexes. These results indicate that sex strongly influences the effects of ethanol drinking and stress on proteins regulating stress and anxiety responses. They further suggest that targeting the CRF system and glucocorticoid receptors in AUD needs to consider the comorbidity of PTSD with AUD and sex of treated individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Alavi
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, United States
| | - Andrey E. Ryabinin
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Melinda L. Helms
- Department of Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Michelle A. Nipper
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Leslie L. Devaud
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, United States
| | - Deborah A. Finn
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
- *Correspondence: Deborah A. Finn,
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16
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Herzog AG. The Association between Family History of Alcohol Use Disorder and Catamenial Epilepsy. Epilepsia 2022; 63:e63-e67. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.17261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G. Herzog
- Harvard Neuroendocrine Unit Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston
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17
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Hood LE, Nagy EK, Leyrer‐Jackson JM, Olive MF. Ethanol consumption activates a subset of arcuate nucleus pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC)‐producing neurons: a c‐fos immunohistochemistry study. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15231. [PMID: 35312178 PMCID: PMC8935532 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Hood
- Department of Psychology Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85281 USA
| | - Erin K. Nagy
- Department of Psychology Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85281 USA
| | | | - M. Foster Olive
- Department of Psychology Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85281 USA
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18
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Neuman MG, Seitz HK, Teschke R, Malnick S, Johnson-Davis KL, Cohen LB, German A, Hohmann N, Moreira B, Moussa G, Opris M. Molecular, Viral and Clinical Features of Alcohol- and Non-Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1294-1315. [PMID: 35723310 PMCID: PMC8947098 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44030087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic cells are sensitive to internal and external signals. Ethanol is one of the oldest and most widely used drugs in the world. The focus on the mechanistic engine of the alcohol-induced injury has been in the liver, which is responsible for the pathways of alcohol metabolism. Ethanol undergoes a phase I type of reaction, mainly catalyzed by the cytoplasmic enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and by the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by cytochrome (CYP) 2E1 activity and MEOS contribute to ethanol-induced toxicity. We aimed to: (1) Describe the cellular, pathophysiological and clinical effects of alcohol misuse on the liver; (2) Select the biomarkers and analytical methods utilized by the clinical laboratory to assess alcohol exposure; (3) Provide therapeutic ideas to prevent/reduce alcohol-induced liver injury; (4) Provide up-to-date knowledge regarding the Corona virus and its affect on the liver; (5) Link rare diseases with alcohol consumption. The current review contributes to risk identification of patients with alcoholic, as well as non-alcoholic, liver disease and metabolic syndrome. Additional prevalence of ethnic, genetic, and viral vulnerabilities are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela G. Neuman
- In Vitro Drug Safety and Biotechnology and the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerity Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada; (G.M.); (M.O.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Helmut K. Seitz
- Centre of Liver and Alcohol Diseases, Ethianum Clinic and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.K.S.); (N.H.); (B.M.)
| | - Rolf Teschke
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Klinikum Hanau, Hanau, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Stephen Malnick
- Department of Internal Medicine C. Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Kamisha L. Johnson-Davis
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah Health Sciences Centre and Division of Toxicology, ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, UT 84115, USA;
| | - Lawrence B. Cohen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Department of Medicine, Temerity Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3N5, Canada;
| | - Anit German
- Department of Internal Medicine C. Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Nicolas Hohmann
- Centre of Liver and Alcohol Diseases, Ethianum Clinic and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.K.S.); (N.H.); (B.M.)
| | - Bernhardo Moreira
- Centre of Liver and Alcohol Diseases, Ethianum Clinic and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.K.S.); (N.H.); (B.M.)
| | - George Moussa
- In Vitro Drug Safety and Biotechnology and the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerity Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada; (G.M.); (M.O.)
| | - Mihai Opris
- In Vitro Drug Safety and Biotechnology and the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerity Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada; (G.M.); (M.O.)
- Family Medicine Clinic CAR, 010362 Bucharest, Romania
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19
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Price ME, McCool BA. Structural, functional, and behavioral significance of sex and gonadal hormones in the basolateral amygdala: A review of preclinical literature. Alcohol 2022; 98:25-41. [PMID: 34371120 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is intimately involved in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety and alcohol use disorder (AUD). These disorders have clear sex biases, with women more likely to develop an anxiety disorder and men more likely to develop AUD. Preclinical models have largely confirmed these sex-specific vulnerabilities and emphasize the effects of sex hormones on behaviors influenced by the BLA. This review will discuss sex differences in BLA-related behaviors and highlight potential mechanisms mediated by altered BLA structure and function, including the composition of GABAergic interneuron subpopulations, glutamatergic pyramidal neuron morphology, glutamate/GABA neurotransmission, and neuromodulators. Further, sex hormones differentially organize dimorphic circuits during sensitive developmental periods (organizational effects) and initiate more transient effects throughout adulthood (activational effects). Current literature indicates that estradiol and allopregnanolone, a neuroactive progestogen, generally reduce BLA-related behaviors through a variety of mechanisms, including activation of estrogen receptors or facilitation of GABAA-mediated inhibition, respectively. This enhanced GABAergic inhibition may protect BLA pyramidal neurons from the excitability associated with anxiety and alcohol withdrawal. Understanding sex differences and the effects of sex hormones on BLA structure and function may help explain sex-specific vulnerabilities in BLA-related behaviors and ultimately improve treatments for anxiety and AUD.
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Abstract
Animal models of addictive behaviors are useful for uncovering neural mechanisms involved in the development of dependence and for identifying risk factors for drug abuse. One such risk factor is biological sex, which strongly moderates drug self-administration behavior in rodents. Female rodents are more likely to acquire drug self-administration behaviors, consume higher amounts of drug, and reinstate drug-seeking behavior more readily. Despite this female vulnerability, preclinical addiction research has largely been done in male animals. The study of sex differences in rodent models of addictive behavior is increasing, however, as more investigators are choosing to include both male and female animals in experiments. This commentary is meant to serve as an introductory guide for preclinical investigators new to the study of sex differences in addiction. We provide an overview of self-administration models, a broad view of female versus male self-administration behaviors, and suggestions for study design and implementation. Inclusion of female subjects in preclinical addiction research is timely, as problem drug and alcohol use in women is increasing. With proper attention, design, and analysis, the study of sex differences in addiction has the potential to uncover novel neural mechanisms and lead to greater translational success for addiction research. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K. Radke
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
| | - Elizabeth A. Sneddon
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
| | - Sean C. Monroe
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
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21
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Fultz EK, Coelho MA, Lieberman D, Jimenez-Chavez CL, Bryant CD, Szumlinski KK. Hnrnph1 is a novel regulator of alcohol reward. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 220:108518. [PMID: 33454624 PMCID: PMC7899125 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hnrnph1 is a validated quantitative trait gene for methamphetamine behavioral sensitivity that encodes for heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 (hnRNP H1). This RNA-binding protein is involved in all stages of RNA metabolism that impacts mesocorticolimbic dopamine neurotransmission to influence addiction-related behavior. METHODS We characterized the alcohol behavioral phenotypes of mice heterozygous for a deletion in the first coding exon of Hnrnph1 (Hnrnph1+/-). We examined alcohol intake under both continuous- and limited-access procedures, as well as alcohol-induced place-conditioning. Follow-up studies examined genotypic differences in the psychomotor-activating and sedative-hypnotic effects of acute and repeated alcohol, and a behavioral test battery was employed to determine the effects of Hnrnph1 deletion on the manifestation of negative affect during alcohol withdrawal. RESULTS Relative to wild-type (WT) controls, Hnrnph1+/- males exhibited blunted intake of high alcohol concentrations under both drinking procedures. Hnrnph1 deletion did not impact the conditioned rewarding properties of low-dose alcohol, but reversed the conditioned place-aversion elicited by higher alcohol doses (2 and 4 g/kg), with more robust effects in male versus female mice. No genotypic differences were observed for alcohol-induced locomotor activity. Hnrnph1+/- mice exhibited a modest increase in sensitivity to alcohol's sedative-hypnotic effects, but did not differ from WT mice with regard to tolerance to alcohol's sedative-hypnotic effects or alcohol metabolism, Inconsistent effects of Hnrnph1 deletion were observed in models for withdrawal-induced negative affect. CONCLUSIONS These data identify Hnrnph1 as a novel, male-selective, driver of alcohol consumption and high-dose alcohol aversion that is potentially relevant to the neurobiology of alcohol abuse and alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa K Fultz
- Department of Psychological Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, United States
| | - Michal A Coelho
- Department of Psychological Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, United States
| | - Dylan Lieberman
- Department of Psychological Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, United States
| | | | - Camron D Bryant
- Laboratory of Addiction Genetics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Karen K Szumlinski
- Department of Psychological Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, United States; Department of Molecular, Developmental and Cellular Biology and the Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, United States.
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Peltier MR, Verplaetse TL, Mineur YS, Gueorguieva R, Petrakis I, Cosgrove KP, Picciotto MR, McKee SA. Sex differences in progestogen- and androgen-derived neurosteroids in vulnerability to alcohol and stress-related disorders. Neuropharmacology 2021; 187:108499. [PMID: 33600842 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Stress and trauma exposure disturbs stress regulation systems and thus increases the vulnerability for stress-related disorders which are characterized by negative affect, including major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder. Similarly, stress and trauma exposure results in increased vulnerability to problematic alcohol use and alcohol use disorder, especially among women, who are more likely to drink to cope with negative affect than their male counterparts. Given these associations, the relationship between stress-related disorders and alcohol use is generally stronger among women leading to complex comorbidities across these disorders and alcohol misuse. This review highlights the therapeutic potential for progestogen- and androgen-derived neurosteroids, which affect both stress- and alcohol-related disorders, to target the overlapping symptoms related to negative affect. This article is part of the special issue on 'Vulnerabilities to Substance Abuse.'
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Affiliation(s)
- MacKenzie R Peltier
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA; VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
| | | | | | - Ralitza Gueorguieva
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA; Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Ismene Petrakis
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA; VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
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23
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McCaul ME, Grakalic I. From the Editors. Alcohol Res 2020; 40:14. [PMID: 33163317 PMCID: PMC7599072 DOI: 10.35946/arcr.v40.2.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mary E McCaul
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ivana Grakalic
- Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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