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Hamsho K, Broadwin M, Stone CR, Sellke FW, Abid MR. The Current State of Extracellular Matrix Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease. Med Sci (Basel) 2024; 12:8. [PMID: 38390858 PMCID: PMC10885030 DOI: 10.3390/medsci12010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a three-dimensional, acellular network of diverse structural and nonstructural proteins embedded within a gel-like ground substance composed of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans. The ECM serves numerous roles that vary according to the tissue in which it is situated. In the myocardium, the ECM acts as a collagen-based scaffold that mediates the transmission of contractile signals, provides means for paracrine signaling, and maintains nutritional and immunologic homeostasis. Given this spectrum, it is unsurprising that both the composition and role of the ECM has been found to be modulated in the context of cardiac pathology. Myocardial infarction (MI) provides a familiar example of this; the ECM changes in a way that is characteristic of the progressive phases of post-infarction healing. In recent years, this involvement in infarct pathophysiology has prompted a search for therapeutic targets: if ECM components facilitate healing, then their manipulation may accelerate recovery, or even reverse pre-existing damage. This possibility has been the subject of numerous efforts involving the integration of ECM-based therapies, either derived directly from biologic sources or bioengineered sources, into models of myocardial disease. In this paper, we provide a thorough review of the published literature on the use of the ECM as a novel therapy for ischemic heart disease, with a focus on biologically derived models, of both the whole ECM and the components thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Hamsho
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (K.H.); (M.B.); (C.R.S.); (F.W.S.)
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Broadwin
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (K.H.); (M.B.); (C.R.S.); (F.W.S.)
| | - Christopher R. Stone
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (K.H.); (M.B.); (C.R.S.); (F.W.S.)
| | - Frank W. Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (K.H.); (M.B.); (C.R.S.); (F.W.S.)
| | - M. Ruhul Abid
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (K.H.); (M.B.); (C.R.S.); (F.W.S.)
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2
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Gerardo-Nava JL, Jansen J, Günther D, Klasen L, Thiebes AL, Niessing B, Bergerbit C, Meyer AA, Linkhorst J, Barth M, Akhyari P, Stingl J, Nagel S, Stiehl T, Lampert A, Leube R, Wessling M, Santoro F, Ingebrandt S, Jockenhoevel S, Herrmann A, Fischer H, Wagner W, Schmitt RH, Kiessling F, Kramann R, De Laporte L. Transformative Materials to Create 3D Functional Human Tissue Models In Vitro in a Reproducible Manner. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301030. [PMID: 37311209 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recreating human tissues and organs in the petri dish to establish models as tools in biomedical sciences has gained momentum. These models can provide insight into mechanisms of human physiology, disease onset, and progression, and improve drug target validation, as well as the development of new medical therapeutics. Transformative materials play an important role in this evolution, as they can be programmed to direct cell behavior and fate by controlling the activity of bioactive molecules and material properties. Using nature as an inspiration, scientists are creating materials that incorporate specific biological processes observed during human organogenesis and tissue regeneration. This article presents the reader with state-of-the-art developments in the field of in vitro tissue engineering and the challenges related to the design, production, and translation of these transformative materials. Advances regarding (stem) cell sources, expansion, and differentiation, and how novel responsive materials, automated and large-scale fabrication processes, culture conditions, in situ monitoring systems, and computer simulations are required to create functional human tissue models that are relevant and efficient for drug discovery, are described. This paper illustrates how these different technologies need to converge to generate in vitro life-like human tissue models that provide a platform to answer health-based scientific questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Gerardo-Nava
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CMBS), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jitske Jansen
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology and Department of Medicine 2, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3584CG, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Günther
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CMBS), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Laura Klasen
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anja Lena Thiebes
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastian Niessing
- Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT, Steinbachstraße 17, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Cédric Bergerbit
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anna A Meyer
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - John Linkhorst
- Department of Chemical Process Engineering (AVT.CVT), RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mareike Barth
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Payam Akhyari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Stingl
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of RWTH, Wendlingweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Saskia Nagel
- Applied Ethics Group, RWTH Aachen University, Theaterplatz 14, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Stiehl
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine - Disease Modeling, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Angelika Lampert
- Institute of Neurohysiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Leube
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, 52057, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wessling
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Chemical Process Engineering (AVT.CVT), RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Francesca Santoro
- Neuroelectronic Interfaces Research Group, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sven Ingebrandt
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstraße 18, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CMBS), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Horst Fischer
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert H Schmitt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT, Steinbachstraße 17, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Campus-boulevard 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology and Department of Medicine 2, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3584CG, The Netherlands
| | - Laura De Laporte
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CMBS), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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3
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Jasiewicz NE, Mei KC, Oh HM, Chansoria P, Hendy DA, Bonacquisti EE, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM, Yin H, Qian L, Jensen BC, Nguyen J. ZipperCells Exhibit Enhanced Accumulation and Retention at the Site of Myocardial Infarction. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2201094. [PMID: 36349814 PMCID: PMC10353854 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
There has been extensive interest in cellular therapies for the treatment of myocardial infarction, but bottlenecks concerning cellular accumulation and retention remain. Here, a novel system of in situ crosslinking mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the formation of a living depot at the infarct site is reported. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells that are surface decorated with heterodimerizing leucine zippers, termed ZipperCells, are engineered. When delivered intravenously in sequential doses, it is demonstrated that ZipperCells can migrate to the infarct site, crosslink, and show ≈500% enhanced accumulation and ≈600% improvement in prolonged retention at 10 days after injection compared to unmodified MSCs. This study introduces an advanced approach to creating noninvasive therapeutics depots using cellular crosslinking and provides the framework for future scaffold-free delivery methods for cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie E. Jasiewicz
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kuo-Ching Mei
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Hannah M. Oh
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Parth Chansoria
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Dylan A. Hendy
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Emily, E. Bonacquisti
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Eric M. Bachelder
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kristy M. Ainslie
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Haifeng Yin
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Li Qian
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brian C. Jensen
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Juliane Nguyen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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4
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Spang MT, Middleton R, Diaz M, Hunter J, Mesfin J, Banka A, Sullivan H, Wang R, Lazerson TS, Bhatia S, Corbitt J, D'Elia G, Sandoval-Gomez G, Kandell R, Vratsanos MA, Gnanasekaran K, Kato T, Igata S, Luo C, Osborn KG, Gianneschi NC, Eniola-Adefeso O, Cabrales P, Kwon EJ, Contijoch F, Reeves RR, DeMaria AN, Christman KL. Intravascularly infused extracellular matrix as a biomaterial for targeting and treating inflamed tissues. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:94-109. [PMID: 36581694 PMCID: PMC10166066 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00964-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Decellularized extracellular matrix in the form of patches and locally injected hydrogels has long been used as therapies in animal models of disease. Here we report the safety and feasibility of an intravascularly infused extracellular matrix as a biomaterial for the repair of tissue in animal models of acute myocardial infarction, traumatic brain injury and pulmonary arterial hypertension. The biomaterial consists of decellularized, enzymatically digested and fractionated ventricular myocardium, localizes to injured tissues by binding to leaky microvasculature, and is largely degraded in about 3 d. In rats and pigs with induced acute myocardial infarction followed by intracoronary infusion of the biomaterial, we observed substantially reduced left ventricular volumes and improved wall-motion scores, as well as differential expression of genes associated with tissue repair and inflammation. Delivering pro-healing extracellular matrix by intravascular infusion post injury may provide translational advantages for the healing of inflamed tissues 'from the inside out'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin T Spang
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Middleton
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Miranda Diaz
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jervaughn Hunter
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Mesfin
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alison Banka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Holly Sullivan
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Raymond Wang
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tori S Lazerson
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Saumya Bhatia
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James Corbitt
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gavin D'Elia
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gerardo Sandoval-Gomez
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Kandell
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maria A Vratsanos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Gnanasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Takayuki Kato
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sachiyo Igata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Colin Luo
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kent G Osborn
- Animal Care Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Omolola Eniola-Adefeso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pedro Cabrales
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ester J Kwon
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Francisco Contijoch
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ryan R Reeves
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anthony N DeMaria
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karen L Christman
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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5
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Biocompatibility and Connectivity of Semiconductor Nanostructures for Cardiac Tissue Engineering Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9110621. [DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano- or microdevices, enabling simultaneous, long-term, multisite, cellular recording and stimulation from many excitable cells, are expected to make a strategic turn in basic and applied cardiology (particularly tissue engineering) and neuroscience. We propose an innovative approach aiming to elicit bioelectrical information from the cell membrane using an integrated circuit (IC) bearing a coating of nanowires on the chip surface. Nanowires grow directly on the backend of the ICs, thus allowing on-site amplification of bioelectric signals with uniform and controlled morphology and growth of the NWs on templates. To implement this technology, we evaluated the biocompatibility of silicon and zinc oxide nanowires (NWs), used as a seeding substrate for cells in culture, on two different primary cell lines. Human cardiac stromal cells were used to evaluate the effects of ZnO NWs of different lengths on cell behavior, morphology and growth, while BV-2 microglial-like cells and GH4-C1 neuroendocrine-like cell lines were used to evaluate cell membrane–NW interaction and contact when cultured on Si NWs. As the optimization of the contact between integrated microelectronics circuits and cellular membranes represents a long-standing issue, our technological approach may lay the basis for a new era of devices exploiting the microelectronics’ sensitivity and “smartness” to both improve investigation of biological systems and to develop suitable NW-based systems available for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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6
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Picchio V, Floris E, Derevyanchuk Y, Cozzolino C, Messina E, Pagano F, Chimenti I, Gaetani R. Multicellular 3D Models for the Study of Cardiac Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911642. [PMID: 36232943 PMCID: PMC9569892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ex vivo modelling systems for cardiovascular research are becoming increasingly important in reducing lab animal use and boosting personalized medicine approaches. Integrating multiple cell types in complex setups adds a higher level of significance to the models, simulating the intricate intercellular communication of the microenvironment in vivo. Cardiac fibrosis represents a key pathogenetic step in multiple cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic and diabetic cardiomyopathies. Indeed, allowing inter-cellular interactions between cardiac stromal cells, endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, and/or immune cells in dedicated systems could make ex vivo models of cardiac fibrosis even more relevant. Moreover, culture systems with 3D architectures further enrich the physiological significance of such in vitro models. In this review, we provide a summary of the multicellular 3D models for the study of cardiac fibrosis described in the literature, such as spontaneous microtissues, bioprinted constructs, engineered tissues, and organs-on-chip, discussing their advantages and limitations. Important discoveries on the physiopathology of cardiac fibrosis, as well as the screening of novel potential therapeutic molecules, have been reported thanks to these systems. Future developments will certainly increase their translational impact for understanding and modulating mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis even further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Erica Floris
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Yuriy Derevyanchuk
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Cozzolino
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Elisa Messina
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Council of Research (IBBC-CNR), 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-077-3175-7234
| | - Roberto Gaetani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
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7
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Hunter JD, Hancko A, Shakya P, Hill R, Saviola AJ, Hansen KC, Davis ME, Christman KL. Characterization of decellularized left and right ventricular myocardial matrix hydrogels and their effects on cardiac progenitor cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 171:45-55. [PMID: 35780862 PMCID: PMC11091826 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart defects are the leading cause of right heart failure in pediatric patients. Implantation of c-kit+ cardiac-derived progenitor cells (CPCs) is being clinically evaluated to treat the failing right ventricle (RV), but faces limitations due to reduced transplant cell survival, low engraftment rates, and low retention. These limitations have been exacerbated due to the nature of cell delivery (narrow needles) and the non-optimal recipient microenvironment (reactive oxygen species (ROS)). Extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels derived from porcine left ventricular (LV) myocardium have emerged as a potential therapy to treat the ischemic LV and have shown promise as a vehicle to deliver cells to injured myocardium. However, no studies have evaluated the combination of an injectable biomaterial, such as an ECM hydrogel, in combination with cell therapy for treating RV failure. In this study we characterized LV and RV myocardial matrix (MM) hydrogels and performed in vitro evaluations of their potential to enhance CPC delivery, including resistance to forces experienced during injection and exposure to ROS, as well as their potential to enhance angiogenic paracrine signaling. While physical properties of the two hydrogels are similar, the decellularized LV and RV have distinct protein signatures. Both materials were equally effective in protecting CPCs against needle forces and ROS. CPCs encapsulated in either the LV MM or RV MM exhibited similar enhanced potential for angiogenic paracrine signaling when compared to CPCs in collagen. The RV MM without cells, however, likewise improved tube formation, suggesting it should also be evaluated as a potential standalone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jervaughn D Hunter
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, UC San Diego, USA
| | - Arielle Hancko
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, UC San Diego, USA
| | - Preety Shakya
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, USA
| | - Ryan Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Anthony J Saviola
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael E Davis
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, USA
| | - Karen L Christman
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, UC San Diego, USA.
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8
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Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052662. [PMID: 35269803 PMCID: PMC8910155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The superiority of in vitro 3D cultures over conventional 2D cell cultures is well recognized by the scientific community for its relevance in mimicking the native tissue architecture and functionality. The recent paradigm shift in the field of tissue engineering toward the development of 3D in vitro models can be realized with its myriad of applications, including drug screening, developing alternative diagnostics, and regenerative medicine. Hydrogels are considered the most suitable biomaterial for developing an in vitro model owing to their similarity in features to the extracellular microenvironment of native tissue. In this review article, recent progress in the use of hydrogel-based biomaterial for the development of 3D in vitro biomimetic tissue models is highlighted. Discussions of hydrogel sources and the latest hybrid system with different combinations of biopolymers are also presented. The hydrogel crosslinking mechanism and design consideration are summarized, followed by different types of available hydrogel module systems along with recent microfabrication technologies. We also present the latest developments in engineering hydrogel-based 3D in vitro models targeting specific tissues. Finally, we discuss the challenges surrounding current in vitro platforms and 3D models in the light of future perspectives for an improved biomimetic in vitro organ system.
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9
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Gao L, Li X, Tan R, Cui J, Schmull S. Human-derived decellularized extracellular matrix scaffold incorporating autologous bone marrow stem cells from patients with congenital heart disease for cardiac tissue engineering. Biomed Mater Eng 2022; 33:407-421. [PMID: 35180106 DOI: 10.3233/bme-211368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cells are used as an alternative treatment option for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) due to their regenerative potential, but they are subject to low retention rate in the injured myocardium. Also, the diseased microenvironment in the injured myocardium may not provide healthy cues for optimal stem cell function. OBJECTIVE In this study, we prepared a novel human-derived cardiac scaffold to improve the functional behaviors of stem cells. METHODS Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds were fabricated by removing cells of human-derived cardiac appendage tissues. Then, bone marrow c-kit+ progenitor cells from patients with congenital heart disease were seeded on the cardiac ECM scaffolds. Cell adhesion, survival, proliferation and cardiac differentiation on human cardiac decellularized ECM scaffold were evaluated in vitro. Label-free mass spectrometry was applied to analyze cardiac ECM proteins regulating cell behaviors. RESULTS It was shown that cardiac ECM scaffolds promoted stem cell adhesion and proliferation. Importantly, bone marrow c-kit+ progenitor cells cultured on cardiac ECM scaffold for 14 days differentiated into cardiomyocyte-like cells without supplement with any inducible factors, as confirmed by the increased protein level of Gata4 and upregulated gene levels of Gata4, Nkx2.5, and cTnT. Proteomic analysis showed the proteins in cardiac ECM functioned in multiple biological activities, including regulation of cell proliferation, regulation of cell differentiation, and cardiovascular system development. CONCLUSION The human-derived cardiac scaffold constructed in this study may help repair the damaged myocardium and hold great potential for tissue engineering application in pediatric patients with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Gao
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experiment Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuexia Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rubin Tan
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experiment Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experiment Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sebastian Schmull
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Tamargo MA, Nash TR, Fleischer S, Kim Y, Vila OF, Yeager K, Summers M, Zhao Y, Lock R, Chavez M, Costa T, Vunjak-Novakovic G. milliPillar: A Platform for the Generation and Real-Time Assessment of Human Engineered Cardiac Tissues. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5215-5229. [PMID: 34668692 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Engineered cardiac tissues derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are increasingly used for drug discovery, pharmacology and in models of development and disease. While there are numerous platforms to engineer cardiac tissues, they often require expensive and nonconventional equipment and utilize complex video-processing algorithms. As a result, only specialized academic laboratories have been able to harness this technology. In addition, methodologies and tissue features have been challenging to reproduce between different groups and models. Here, we describe a facile technology (milliPillar) that covers the entire pipeline required for studies of engineered cardiac tissues. We include methodologies for (i) platform fabrication, (ii) cardiac tissue generation, (iii) electrical stimulation, (iv) automated real-time data acquisition, and (v) advanced video analyses. We validate these methodologies and demonstrate the versatility of the platform by showcasing the fabrication of tissues in different hydrogel materials and using cardiomyocytes derived from different iPSC lines in combination with different types of stromal cells. We also validate the long-term culture of tissues within the platform and provide protocols for automated analysis of force generation and calcium flux using both brightfield and fluorescence imaging. Lastly, we demonstrate the compatibility of the milliPillar platform with electromechanical stimulation to enhance cardiac tissue function. We expect that this resource will provide a valuable and user-friendly tool for the generation and real-time assessment of engineered human cardiac tissues for basic and translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alejandro Tamargo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Trevor Ray Nash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Sharon Fleischer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Youngbin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Olaia Fernandez Vila
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States.,Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Keith Yeager
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Max Summers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Roberta Lock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Miguel Chavez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Troy Costa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, VC12-234, New York, New York 10032, United States
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11
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Mulvany E, McMahan S, Xu J, Yazdani N, Willits R, Liao J, Zhang G, Hong Y. In vitro comparison of harvesting site effects on cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:1922-1930. [PMID: 33822464 PMCID: PMC9789793 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac extracellular matrix (cECM) derived hydrogel has been investigated to treat myocardial infarction through animal studies and clinical trials. The tissue harvesting site commonly selects porcine left ventricle (LV) because heart attack majorly takes place in LV. However, little is known about whether the region of cardiac tissue harvesting is critical for downstream applications. In this work, in vitro studies to compare cECM hydrogels derived from adult porcine whole heart (WH), LV, and right ventricle (RV) were performed. The cECM from WH has similar chemical composition compared with cECM from LV and RV. All three types of cECM hydrogels share many similarities in terms of their microstructure, gelation time, and mechanical properties. WH-derived cECM hydrogels have larger variations in storage modulus (G') and complex modulus (G*) compared with the other two types of cECM hydrogels. Both human cardiomyocytes and mesenchymal stem cells could maintain high cell viability on all hydrogels without significant difference. In terms of above results, the cECM hydrogels from WH, LV and RV exhibited similarity in material properties and cell response in vitro. Thus, future fabrication of cECM hydrogels from WH would increase the yield, which would decrease processing time and production cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Mulvany
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Ohio, OH 44325
| | - Sara McMahan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019
| | - Jiazhu Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019
| | - Narges Yazdani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Ohio, OH 44325
| | - Rebecca Willits
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Ohio, OH 44325
| | - Jun Liao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Ohio, OH 44325,Corresponding authors: Yi Hong, , Phone: 01-817-272-0562; Ge Zhang, , phone: 01-330-972-5237
| | - Yi Hong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019,Corresponding authors: Yi Hong, , Phone: 01-817-272-0562; Ge Zhang, , phone: 01-330-972-5237
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12
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Park HJ, De Jesus Morales KJ, Bheri S, Kassouf BP, Davis ME. Bidirectional relationship between cardiac extracellular matrix and cardiac cells in ischemic heart disease. Stem Cells 2021; 39:1650-1659. [PMID: 34480804 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart diseases (IHDs), including myocardial infarction and cardiomyopathies, are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Cardiac-derived stem and progenitor cells have shown promise as a therapeutic for IHD but are limited by poor cell survival, limited retention, and rapid washout. One mechanism to address this is to encapsulate the cells in a matrix or three-dimensional construct, so as to provide structural support and better mimic the cells' physiological microenvironment during administration. More specifically, the extracellular matrix (ECM), the native cellular support network, has been a strong candidate for this purpose. Moreover, there is a strong consensus that the ECM and its residing cells, including cardiac stem cells, have a constant interplay in response to tissue development, aging, disease progression, and repair. When externally stimulated, the cells and ECM work together to mutually maintain the local homeostasis by initially altering the ECM composition and stiffness, which in turn alters the cellular response and behavior. Given this constant interplay, understanding the mechanism of bidirectional cell-ECM interaction is essential to develop better cell implantation matrices to enhance cell engraftment and cardiac tissue repair. This review summarizes current understanding in the field, elucidating the signaling mechanisms between cardiac ECM and residing cells in response to IHD onset. Furthermore, this review highlights recent advances in native ECM-mimicking cardiac matrices as a platform for modulating cardiac cell behavior and inducing cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ji Park
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine & Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kenneth J De Jesus Morales
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine & Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sruti Bheri
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine & Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Brandon P Kassouf
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine & Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael E Davis
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine & Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Children's Heart Research and Outcomes (HeRO) Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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13
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Schussler O, Chachques JC, Alifano M, Lecarpentier Y. Key Roles of RGD-Recognizing Integrins During Cardiac Development, on Cardiac Cells, and After Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2021; 15:179-203. [PMID: 34342855 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac cells interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins through integrin mechanoreceptors that control many cellular events such as cell survival, apoptosis, differentiation, migration, and proliferation. Integrins play a crucial role in cardiac development as well as in cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. Integrins recognize oligopeptides present on ECM proteins and are involved in three main types of interaction, namely with collagen, laminin, and the oligopeptide RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) present on vitronectin and fibronectin proteins. To date, the specific role of integrins recognizing the RGD has not been addressed. In this review, we examine their role during cardiac development, their role on cardiac cells, and their upregulation during pathological processes such as heart fibrosis and hypertrophy. We also examine their role in regenerative and angiogenic processes after myocardial infarction (MI) in the peri-infarct area. Specific targeting of these integrins may be a way of controlling some of these pathological events and thereby improving medical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Schussler
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP Centre, University of Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Juan C Chachques
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Pompidou Hospital, Laboratory of Biosurgical Research, Carpentier Foundation, University Paris Descartes, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP Centre, University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM U1138 Team "Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien, Meaux, France
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14
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Budharaju H, Subramanian A, Sethuraman S. Recent advancements in cardiovascular bioprinting and bioprinted cardiac constructs. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1974-1994. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01428a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensionally bioprinted cardiac constructs with biomimetic bioink helps to create native-equivalent cardiac tissues to treat patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Budharaju
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- ACBDE Innovation Centre
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed to be University
| | - Anuradha Subramanian
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- ACBDE Innovation Centre
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed to be University
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- ACBDE Innovation Centre
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed to be University
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15
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Belviso I, Angelini F, Di Meglio F, Picchio V, Sacco AM, Nocella C, Romano V, Nurzynska D, Frati G, Maiello C, Messina E, Montagnani S, Pagano F, Castaldo C, Chimenti I. The Microenvironment of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix from Heart Failure Myocardium Alters the Balance between Angiogenic and Fibrotic Signals from Stromal Primitive Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217903. [PMID: 33114386 PMCID: PMC7662394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac adverse remodeling is characterized by biological changes that affect the composition and architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The consequently disrupted signaling can interfere with the balance between cardiogenic and pro-fibrotic phenotype of resident cardiac stromal primitive cells (CPCs). The latter are important players in cardiac homeostasis and can be exploited as therapeutic cells in regenerative medicine. Our aim was to compare the effects of human decellularized native ECM from normal (dECM-NH) or failing hearts (dECM-PH) on human CPCs. CPCs were cultured on dECM sections and characterized for gene expression, immunofluorescence, and paracrine profiles. When cultured on dECM-NH, CPCs significantly upregulated cardiac commitment markers (CX43, NKX2.5), cardioprotective cytokines (bFGF, HGF), and the angiogenesis mediator, NO. When seeded on dECM-PH, instead, CPCs upregulated pro-remodeling cytokines (IGF-2, PDGF-AA, TGF-β) and the oxidative stress molecule H2O2. Interestingly, culture on dECM-PH was associated with impaired paracrine support to angiogenesis, and increased expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-sequestering decoy isoform of the KDR/VEGFR2 receptor. Our results suggest that resident CPCs exposed to the pathological microenvironment of remodeling ECM partially lose their paracrine angiogenic properties and release more pro-fibrotic cytokines. These observations shed novel insights on the crosstalk between ECM and stromal CPCs, suggesting also a cautious use of non-healthy decellularized myocardium for cardiac tissue engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Belviso
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.B.); (F.D.M.); (A.M.S.); (V.R.); (D.N.); (S.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Francesco Angelini
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, CRO-National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy;
| | - Franca Di Meglio
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.B.); (F.D.M.); (A.M.S.); (V.R.); (D.N.); (S.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy; (V.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Anna Maria Sacco
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.B.); (F.D.M.); (A.M.S.); (V.R.); (D.N.); (S.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Cristina Nocella
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Veronica Romano
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.B.); (F.D.M.); (A.M.S.); (V.R.); (D.N.); (S.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Daria Nurzynska
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.B.); (F.D.M.); (A.M.S.); (V.R.); (D.N.); (S.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy; (V.P.); (G.F.)
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Ciro Maiello
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplant, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Elisa Messina
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, “Umberto I” Hospital, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefania Montagnani
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.B.); (F.D.M.); (A.M.S.); (V.R.); (D.N.); (S.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Council of Research (IBBC-CNR), 00015 Monterotondo (RM), Italy;
| | - Clotilde Castaldo
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.B.); (F.D.M.); (A.M.S.); (V.R.); (D.N.); (S.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy; (V.P.); (G.F.)
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0773-1757-234
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16
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Pagliarosi O, Picchio V, Chimenti I, Messina E, Gaetani R. Building an Artificial Cardiac Microenvironment: A Focus on the Extracellular Matrix. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:559032. [PMID: 33015056 PMCID: PMC7500153 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.559032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased knowledge in cell signals and stem cell differentiation, together with the development of new technologies, such as 3D bioprinting, has made the generation of artificial tissues more feasible for in vitro studies and in vivo applications. In the human body, cell fate, function, and survival are determined by the microenvironment, a rich and complex network composed of extracellular matrix (ECM), different cell types, and soluble factors. They all interconnect and communicate, receiving and sending signals, modulating and responding to cues. In the cardiovascular field, the culture of stem cells in vitro and their differentiation into cardiac phenotypes is well established, although differentiated cardiomyocytes often lack the functional maturation and structural organization typical of the adult myocardium. The recreation of an artificial microenvironment as similar as possible to the native tissue, though, has been shown to partly overcome these limitations, and can be obtained through the proper combination of ECM molecules, different cell types, bioavailability of growth factors (GFs), as well as appropriate mechanical and geometrical stimuli. This review will focus on the role of the ECM in the regulation of cardiac differentiation, will provide new insights on the role of supporting cells in the generation of 3D artificial tissues, and will also present a selection of the latest approaches to recreate a cardiac microenvironment in vitro through 3D bioprinting approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Pagliarosi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisa Messina
- Department of Maternal, Infantile, and Urological Sciences, “Umberto I” Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Gaetani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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17
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Daley MC, Bonzanni M, MacKenzie AM, Kaplan DL, Black LD. The effects of membrane potential and extracellular matrix composition on vascular differentiation of cardiac progenitor cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:240-245. [PMID: 32828293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Historically, the field of tissue engineering has been adept at modulating the chemical and physical microenvironment. This approach has yielded significant progress, but it is imperative to further integrate our understanding of other fundamental cell signaling paradigms into tissue engineering methods. Bioelectric signaling has been demonstrated to be a vital part of tissue development, regeneration, and function across organ systems and the extracellular matrix is known to alter the bioelectric properties of cells. Thus, there is a need to bolster our understanding of how matrix and bioelectric signals interact to drive cell phenotype. We examine how cardiac progenitor cell differentiation is altered by simultaneous changes in both resting membrane potential and extracellular matrix composition. Pediatric c-kit+ cardiac progenitor cells were differentiated on fetal or adult cardiac extracellular matrix while being treated with drugs that alter resting membrane potential. Smooth muscle gene expression was increased with depolarization and decreased with hyperpolarization while endothelial and cardiac expression were unchanged. Early smooth muscle protein expression is modified by matrix developmental age, with fetal ECM appearing to amplify the effects of resting membrane potential. Thus, combining matrix composition and bioelectric signaling represents a potential alternative for guiding cell behavior in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Daley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Mattia Bonzanni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA; Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, 200 College Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Allison M MacKenzie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA; Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, 200 College Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA; Cellular, Molecular, and Developmental Biology Program, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 145 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Lauren D Black
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA; Cellular, Molecular, and Developmental Biology Program, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 145 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
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18
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Sun G, Ding B, Wan M, Chen L, Jackson J, Atala A. Formation and optimization of three-dimensional organoids generated from urine-derived stem cells for renal function in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:309. [PMID: 32698872 PMCID: PMC7374873 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01822-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Organoids play an important role in basic research, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. Here, we aimed to develop a novel kind of three-dimensional (3D) organoids generated from urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and to explore whether kidney-specific extracellular matrix (kECM) could enable such organoids for renal function in vitro. Methods USCs were isolated from human urine samples and cultured with kECM extraction to generate 3D organoids in vitro. Eight densities from 1000 to 8000 cells per organoids were prepared, and both ATP assay and Live/Dead staining were used to determine the optimal USC density in forming organoids and kECM additive concentration. The morphology and histology of as-made organoids were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H.E.) staining, immunofluorescence staining and whole mount staining. Additionally, RT-qPCR was implemented to detect renal-related gene expression. Drug toxicity test was conducted to evaluate the potential application for drug screening. The renal organoids generated from whole adult kidney cells were used as a positive control in multiple assessments. Results The optimized cell density to generate ideal USC-derived organoids (USC-organoids) was 5000 cells/well, which was set as applying density in the following experiments. Besides, the optimal concentration of kECM was revealed to be 10%. On this condition, Live/Dead staining showed that USC-organoids were well self-organized without significant cell death. Moreover, H.E. staining showed that compact and viable organoids were generated without obvious necrosis inside organoids, which were very close to renal organoids morphologically. Furthermore, specific proximal tubule marker Aquaporin-1 (AQP1), kidney endocrine product erythropoietin (EPO), kidney glomerular markers Podocin and Synaptopodin were detected positively in USC-organoids with kECM. Nephrotoxicity testing showed that aspirin, penicillin G, and cisplatin could exert drug-induced toxicity on USC-organoids with kECM. Conclusions USC-organoids could be developed from USCs via an optimal procedure. Combining culture with kECM, USC-organoid properties including morphology, histology, and specific gene expression were identified to be similar with real renal organoids. Additionally, USC-organoids posed kECM in vitro showed the potential to be a drug screening tool which might take the place of renal organoids to some extent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Sun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou, Wuhan, 430030, HB, China
| | - Beichen Ding
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, HLJ, China
| | - Meimei Wan
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou, Wuhan, 430030, HB, China. .,Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, USA.
| | - John Jackson
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, USA
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19
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Cramer MC, Badylak SF. Extracellular Matrix-Based Biomaterials and Their Influence Upon Cell Behavior. Ann Biomed Eng 2020; 48:2132-2153. [PMID: 31741227 PMCID: PMC7231673 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-019-02408-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Biologic scaffold materials composed of allogeneic or xenogeneic extracellular matrix (ECM) are commonly used for the repair and remodeling of injured tissue. The clinical outcomes associated with implantation of ECM-based materials range from unacceptable to excellent. The variable clinical results are largely due to differences in the preparation of the material, including characteristics of the source tissue, the method and efficacy of decellularization, and post-decellularization processing steps. The mechanisms by which ECM scaffolds promote constructive tissue remodeling include mechanical support, degradation and release of bioactive molecules, recruitment and differentiation of endogenous stem/progenitor cells, and modulation of the immune response toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype. The methods of ECM preparation and the impact of these methods on the quality of the final product are described herein. Examples of favorable cellular responses of immune and stem cells associated with constructive tissue remodeling of ECM bioscaffolds are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline C Cramer
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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20
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Gaetani R, Aude S, DeMaddalena LL, Strassle H, Dzieciatkowska M, Wortham M, Bender RHF, Nguyen-Ngoc KV, Schmid-Schöenbein GW, George SC, Hughes CCW, Sander M, Hansen KC, Christman KL. Evaluation of Different Decellularization Protocols on the Generation of Pancreas-Derived Hydrogels. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 24:697-708. [PMID: 30398401 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Different approaches have investigated the effects of different extracellular matrices (ECMs) and three-dimensional (3D) culture on islet function, showing encouraging results. Ideally, the proper scaffold should mimic the biochemical composition of the native tissue as it drives numerous signaling pathways involved in tissue homeostasis and functionality. Tissue-derived decellularized biomaterials can preserve the ECM composition of the native tissue making it an ideal scaffold for 3D tissue engineering applications. However, the decellularization process may affect the retention of specific components, and the choice of a proper detergent is fundamental in preserving the native ECM composition. In this study, we evaluated the effect of different decellularization protocols on the mechanical properties and biochemical composition of pancreatic ECM (pECM) hydrogels. Fresh porcine pancreas tissue was harvested, cut into small pieces, rinsed in water, and treated with two different detergents (sodium dodecyl sulfate [SDS] or Triton X-100) for 1 day followed by 3 days in water. Effective decellularization was confirmed by PicoGreen assay, Hoescht, and H&E staining, showing no differences among groups. Use of a protease inhibitor (PI) was also evaluated. Effective decellularization was confirmed by PicoGreen assay and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, showing no differences among groups. Triton-treated samples were able to form a firm hydrogel under appropriate conditions, while the use of SDS had detrimental effects on the gelation properties of the hydrogels. ECM biochemical composition was characterized both in the fresh porcine pancreas and all decellularized pECM hydrogels by quantitative mass spectrometry analysis. Fibrillar collagen was the major ECM component in all groups, with all generated hydrogels having a higher amount compared with fresh pancreas. This effect was more pronounced in the SDS-treated hydrogels when compared with the Triton groups, showing very little retention of other ECM molecules. Conversely, basement membrane and matricellular proteins were better retained when the tissue was pretreated with a PI and decellularized in Triton X-100, making the hydrogel more similar to the native tissue. In conclusion, we showed that all the protocols evaluated in the study showed effective tissue decellularization, but only when the tissue was pretreated with a PI and decellularized in Triton detergent, the biochemical composition of the hydrogel was closer to the native tissue ECM. Impact Statement The article compares different methodologies for the generation of a pancreas-derived hydrogel for tissue engineering applications. The biochemical characterization of the newly generated hydrogel shows that the material retains all the extracellular molecules of the native tissue and is capable of sustaining functionality of the encapsulated beta-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gaetani
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Soraya Aude
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lea Lara DeMaddalena
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Heinz Strassle
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Matthew Wortham
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - R Hugh F Bender
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Kim-Vy Nguyen-Ngoc
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | | | - Steven C George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Christopher C W Hughes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California.,Chao Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California.,Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California.,Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California.,Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Maike Sander
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Karen L Christman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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21
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Gaetani R, Zizzi EA, Deriu MA, Morbiducci U, Pesce M, Messina E. When Stiffness Matters: Mechanosensing in Heart Development and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:334. [PMID: 32671058 PMCID: PMC7326078 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During embryonic morphogenesis, the heart undergoes a complex series of cellular phenotypic maturations (e.g., transition of myocytes from proliferative to quiescent or maturation of the contractile apparatus), and this involves stiffening of the extracellular matrix (ECM) acting in concert with morphogenetic signals. The maladaptive remodeling of the myocardium, one of the processes involved in determination of heart failure, also involves mechanical cues, with a progressive stiffening of the tissue that produces cellular mechanical damage, inflammation, and ultimately myocardial fibrosis. The assessment of the biomechanical dependence of the molecular machinery (in myocardial and non-myocardial cells) is therefore essential to contextualize the maturation of the cardiac tissue at early stages and understand its pathologic evolution in aging. Because systems to perform multiscale modeling of cellular and tissue mechanics have been developed, it appears particularly novel to design integrated mechano-molecular models of heart development and disease to be tested in ex vivo reconstituted cells/tissue-mimicking conditions. In the present contribution, we will discuss the latest implication of mechanosensing in heart development and pathology, describe the most recent models of cell/tissue mechanics, and delineate novel strategies to target the consequences of heart failure with personalized approaches based on tissue engineering and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gaetani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Eric Adriano Zizzi
- PolitoBIOMed Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Agostino Deriu
- PolitoBIOMed Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Morbiducci
- PolitoBIOMed Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pesce
- Tissue Engineering Research Unit, "Centro Cardiologico Monzino," IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Messina
- Department of Maternal, Infantile, and Urological Sciences, "Umberto I" Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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22
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Miller L, Birks E, Guglin M, Lamba H, Frazier OH. Use of Ventricular Assist Devices and Heart Transplantation for Advanced Heart Failure. Circ Res 2020; 124:1658-1678. [PMID: 31120817 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.313574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There are only 2 treatments for the thousands of patients who progress to the most advanced form of heart failure despite the application of guideline-based medical therapy, use of ventricular assist devices and heart transplantation. There has been a great deal of progress in both of these therapies that have led to improved outcomes including significant improvement in survival and functional capacity. Heart transplantation offers the best short- and long-term survival for patients with end-stage heart failure, and the majority of these recipients achieve relatively limitless functional capacity for their age. However, the chronic shortage of available donors limits the number of recipients in the United States to an only 2500 patients/y or only a fraction of potential candidates. The significant improvement in outcomes now possible with durable ventricular assist devices has led to a significant increase in their use, which now exceeds the volume of heart transplants in the United States, with the greatest growth in use for those not considered to be candidates for heart transplantation, previously referred to as destination therapy. This article will review the substantial progress that has taken place for both of these life-saving treatment options, as well as the future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Miller
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (L.M., H.L., O.H.F.)
| | - Emma Birks
- Division of Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY (E.B.)
| | - Maya Guglin
- Division of Cardiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (M.G.)
| | - Harveen Lamba
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (L.M., H.L., O.H.F.)
| | - O H Frazier
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (L.M., H.L., O.H.F.)
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23
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Barreto S, Hamel L, Schiatti T, Yang Y, George V. Cardiac Progenitor Cells from Stem Cells: Learning from Genetics and Biomaterials. Cells 2019; 8:E1536. [PMID: 31795206 PMCID: PMC6952950 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac Progenitor Cells (CPCs) show great potential as a cell resource for restoring cardiac function in patients affected by heart disease or heart failure. CPCs are proliferative and committed to cardiac fate, capable of generating cells of all the cardiac lineages. These cells offer a significant shift in paradigm over the use of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes owing to the latter's inability to recapitulate mature features of a native myocardium, limiting their translational applications. The iPSCs and direct reprogramming of somatic cells have been attempted to produce CPCs and, in this process, a variety of chemical and/or genetic factors have been evaluated for their ability to generate, expand, and maintain CPCs in vitro. However, the precise stoichiometry and spatiotemporal activity of these factors and the genetic interplay during embryonic CPC development remain challenging to reproduce in culture, in terms of efficiency, numbers, and translational potential. Recent advances in biomaterials to mimic the native cardiac microenvironment have shown promise to influence CPC regenerative functions, while being capable of integrating with host tissue. This review highlights recent developments and limitations in the generation and use of CPCs from stem cells, and the trends that influence the direction of research to promote better application of CPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Barreto
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | | | - Teresa Schiatti
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Ying Yang
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Vinoj George
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (S.B.); (T.S.); (Y.Y.)
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24
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Photoluminescent functionalized carbon quantum dots loaded electroactive Silk fibroin/PLA nanofibrous bioactive scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 202:111680. [PMID: 31810038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering and stem cell rehabilitation are the hopeful aspects that are being investigated for the management of Myocardial Infarction (MI); cardiac patches have been used to start myocardial rejuvenation. In this study, we engineered p-phenylenediamine surface functionalized (modif-CQD) into the Silk fibroin/PLA (SF/PLA) nanofibrous bioactive scaffolds with improved physico-chemical abilities, mechanical and cytocompatibility to cardiomyocytes. The micrograph results visualized the morphological improved spherical modif-CQD have been equivalently spread throughout the SF/PLA bioactive cardiac scaffolds. The fabricated CQD@SF/PLA nanofibrous bioactive scaffolds were highly porous with fully consistent pores; effectively improved young modulus and swelling asset for the suitability and effective implantation efficacy. The scaffolds were prepared with rat cardiomyocytes and cultured for up to 7 days, without electrical incentive. After 7 days of culture, the scaffold pores all over the construct volume were overflowing with cardiomyocytes. The metabolic activity and viability of the cardiomyocytes in CQD@SF/PLA scaffolds were significantly higher than cardiomyocytes in Silk fibroin /PLA scaffolds. The integration of CQD also influenced greatly and increases the expression of cardiac-marker genes. The results of the present investigations evidently recommended that well-organized cardiac nanofibrous scaffold with greater cardiac related mechanical abilities and biocompatibilities for cardiac tissue engineering and nursing care applications.
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25
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Traverse JH, Henry TD, Dib N, Patel AN, Pepine C, Schaer GL, DeQuach JA, Kinsey AM, Chamberlin P, Christman KL. First-in-Man Study of a Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel in Early and Late Myocardial Infarction Patients. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2019; 4:659-669. [PMID: 31709316 PMCID: PMC6834965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A first-in-man clinical trial was completed with VentriGel, an extracellular matrix hydrogel derived from decellularized porcine myocardium, in post–MI patients. Results from the trial support the safety and feasibility of transendocardial injection of VentriGel in post–MI patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Although the study was not designed to evaluate efficacy, there were suggestions of improvements including increases in 6-min walk test distance and decreases in New York Heart Association functional class across the entire cohort of patients. Improvements in left ventricular remodeling were mainly observed in patients who were treated >1-year post–MI as opposed to <1 year. Results from the trial warrant further evaluation in larger randomized, controlled clinical trials.
This study evaluated the safety and feasibility of transendocardial injections of VentriGel, a cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogel, in early and late post–myocardial infarction (MI) patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. VentriGel was delivered in 15 patients with moderate LV dysfunction (25% ≤ LV ejection fraction ≤ 45%) who were between 60 days to 3 years post-MI and were revascularized by percutaneous coronary intervention. The primary endpoints were incidence of adverse events and abnormal clinical laboratory results. This first-in-man study established the safety and feasibility of delivering VentriGel in post-MI patients, thus warranting further evaluation in larger, randomized clinical trials.
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Key Words
- BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide
- CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EF, ejection fraction
- LV, left ventricular
- LVEDV, left ventricular end-diastolic volume
- LVESV, left ventricular end-systolic volume
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MLWHFQ, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire
- NYHA, New York Heart Association
- biomaterial
- catheter
- heart failure
- injectable
- myocardial infarction
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy D Henry
- The Carl and Edyth Lindner Center for Research and Education at The Christ Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Nabil Dib
- Dignity Health Mercy Gilbert Medical Center, Gilbert, Arizona
| | - Amit N Patel
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Carl Pepine
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Gary L Schaer
- Division of Cardiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - Karen L Christman
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, California
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26
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Psarras S, Beis D, Nikouli S, Tsikitis M, Capetanaki Y. Three in a Box: Understanding Cardiomyocyte, Fibroblast, and Innate Immune Cell Interactions to Orchestrate Cardiac Repair Processes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:32. [PMID: 31001541 PMCID: PMC6454035 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Following an insult by both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, complex cellular, and molecular interactions determine a successful recovery or inadequate repair of damaged tissue. The efficiency of this process is particularly important in the heart, an organ characterized by very limited regenerative and repair capacity in higher adult vertebrates. Cardiac insult is characteristically associated with fibrosis and heart failure, as a result of cardiomyocyte death, myocardial degeneration, and adverse remodeling. Recent evidence implies that resident non-cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts but also macrophages -pillars of the innate immunity- form part of the inflammatory response and decisively affect the repair process following a cardiac insult. Multiple studies in model organisms (mouse, zebrafish) of various developmental stages (adult and neonatal) combined with genetically engineered cell plasticity and differentiation intervention protocols -mainly targeting cardiac fibroblasts or progenitor cells-reveal particular roles of resident and recruited innate immune cells and their secretome in the coordination of cardiac repair. The interplay of innate immune cells with cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes is emerging as a crucial platform to help our understanding and, importantly, to allow the development of effective interventions sufficient to minimize cardiac damage and dysfunction after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stelios Psarras
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Beis
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Nikouli
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mary Tsikitis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Yassemi Capetanaki
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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27
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Bejleri D, Davis ME. Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Materials for Cardiac Repair and Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801217. [PMID: 30714354 PMCID: PMC7654553 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) is a promising biomaterial for repairing cardiovascular tissue, as dECM most effectively captures the complex array of proteins, glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and many other matrix components that are found in native tissue, providing ideal cues for regeneration and repair of damaged myocardium. dECM can be used in a variety of forms, such as solid scaffolds that maintain native matrix structure, or as soluble materials that can form injectable hydrogels for tissue repair. dECM has found recent success in many regeneration and repair therapies, such as for musculoskeletal, neural, and liver tissues. This review focuses on dECM in the context of cardiovascular applications, with variations in tissue and species sourcing, and specifically discusses advances in solid and soluble dECM development, in vitro studies, in vivo implementation, and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Bejleri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Michael E Davis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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28
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Morissette Martin P, Grant A, Hamilton DW, Flynn LE. Matrix composition in 3-D collagenous bioscaffolds modulates the survival and angiogenic phenotype of human chronic wound dermal fibroblasts. Acta Biomater 2019; 83:199-210. [PMID: 30385224 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
There is a substantial need for new strategies to stimulate cutaneous tissue repair in the treatment of chronic wounds. To address this challenge, our team is developing modular biomaterials termed "bead foams", comprised of porous beads synthesized exclusively of extracellular matrix (ECM) and assembled into a cohesive three-dimensional (3-D) network. In the current study, bead foams were fabricated from human decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) or commercially-sourced bovine tendon collagen (COL) to explore the effects of ECM composition on human wound edge dermal fibroblasts (weDF) sourced from chronic wound tissues. The DAT and COL bead foams were shown to be structurally similar, but compositionally distinct, containing different levels of glycosaminoglycan content and collagen types IV, V, and VI. In vitro testing under conditions simulating stresses within the chronic wound microenvironment indicated that weDF survival and angiogenic marker expression were significantly enhanced in the DAT bead foams as compared to the COL bead foams. These findings were corroborated through in vivo assessment in a subcutaneous athymic mouse model. Taken together, the results demonstrate that weDF survival and paracrine function can be modulated by the matrix source applied in the design of ECM-derived scaffolds and that the DAT bead foams hold promise as cell-instructive biological wound dressings. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biological wound dressings derived from the extracellular matrix (ECM) can be designed to promote the establishment of a more permissive microenvironment for healing in the treatment of chronic wounds. In the current work, we developed modular biomaterials comprised of fused networks of porous ECM-derived beads fabricated from human decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) or commercially-available bovine collagen. The bioscaffolds were designed to be structurally similar to provide a platform for investigating the effects of ECM composition on human dermal fibroblasts isolated from chronic wounds. Testing in in vitro and in vivo models demonstrated that cell survival and pro-angiogenic function were enhanced in the adipose-derived bioscaffolds, which contained higher levels of glycosaminoglycans and collagen types IV, V, and VI. Our findings support that the complex matrix composition within DAT can induce a more pro-regenerative cellular response for applications in wound healing.
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29
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Bejleri D, Streeter BW, Nachlas ALY, Brown ME, Gaetani R, Christman KL, Davis ME. A Bioprinted Cardiac Patch Composed of Cardiac-Specific Extracellular Matrix and Progenitor Cells for Heart Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800672. [PMID: 30379414 PMCID: PMC6521871 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart defects are present in 8 of 1000 newborns and palliative surgical therapy has increased survival. Despite improved outcomes, many children develop reduced cardiac function and heart failure requiring transplantation. Human cardiac progenitor cell (hCPC) therapy has potential to repair the pediatric myocardium through release of reparative factors, but therapy suffers from limited hCPC retention and functionality. Decellularized cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogel (cECM) improves heart function in animals, and human trials are ongoing. In the present study, a 3D-bioprinted patch containing cECM for delivery of pediatric hCPCs is developed. Cardiac patches are printed with bioinks composed of cECM, hCPCs, and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA). GelMA-cECM bioinks print uniformly with a homogeneous distribution of cECM and hCPCs. hCPCs maintain >75% viability and incorporation of cECM within patches results in a 30-fold increase in cardiogenic gene expression of hCPCs compared to hCPCs grown in pure GelMA patches. Conditioned media from GelMA-cECM patches show increased angiogenic potential (>2-fold) over GelMA alone, as seen by improved endothelial cell tube formation. Finally, patches are retained on rat hearts and show vascularization over 14 d in vivo. This work shows the successful bioprinting and implementation of cECM-hCPC patches for potential use in repairing damaged myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Bejleri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Benjamin W Streeter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Aline L Y Nachlas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Milton E Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Roberto Gaetani
- Department of Bioengineering and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Karen L Christman
- Department of Bioengineering and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Michael E Davis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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Wang L, Neumann M, Fu T, Li W, Cheng X, Su BL. Porous and responsive hydrogels for cell therapy. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Estrellas KM, Chung L, Cheu LA, Sadtler K, Majumdar S, Mula J, Wolf MT, Elisseeff JH, Wagner KR. Biological scaffold-mediated delivery of myostatin inhibitor promotes a regenerative immune response in an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:15594-15605. [PMID: 30139748 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that the immune system significantly mediates skeletal muscle repair and regeneration. Additionally, biological scaffolds have been shown to play a role in polarizing the immune microenvironment toward pro-myogenic outcomes. Moreover, myostatin inhibitors are known to promote muscle regeneration and ameliorate fibrosis in animal models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a human disease characterized by chronic muscle degeneration. Biological scaffolds and myostatin inhibition can potentially influence immune-mediated regeneration in the dystrophic environment, but have not been evaluated together. Toward this end, here we created an injectable biological scaffold composed of hyaluronic acid and processed skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. This material formed a cytocompatible hydrogel at physiological temperatures in vitro When injected subfascially above the tibialis anterior muscles of both WT and dystrophic mdx-5Cv mice, a murine model of DMD, the hydrogel spreads across the entire muscle before completely degrading at 3 weeks in vivo We found that the hydrogel is associated with CD206+ pro-regenerative macrophage polarization and elevated anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in both WT and dystrophic mice. Co-injection of both hydrogel and myostatin inhibitor significantly increased FoxP3+ regulatory T cell modulation and Foxp3 gene expression in the scaffold immune microenvironment. Finally, delivery of myostatin inhibitor with the hydrogel increased its bioactivity in vivo, and transplantation of immortalized human myoblasts with the hydrogel promoted their survival in vivo This study identifies a key role for biological scaffolds and myostatin inhibitors in modulating a pro-regenerative immune microenvironment in dystrophic muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Estrellas
- From the Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.,the Translational Tissue Engineering Center and
| | - Liam Chung
- the Translational Tissue Engineering Center and.,Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231
| | - Lindsay A Cheu
- the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- the David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142.,the Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | | | - Jyothi Mula
- the NCI at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, and
| | - Matthew T Wolf
- the Translational Tissue Engineering Center and.,Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231
| | - Jennifer H Elisseeff
- the Translational Tissue Engineering Center and .,Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231
| | - Kathryn R Wagner
- From the Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, .,the Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
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32
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Paoletti C, Divieto C, Chiono V. Impact of Biomaterials on Differentiation and Reprogramming Approaches for the Generation of Functional Cardiomyocytes. Cells 2018; 7:E114. [PMID: 30134618 PMCID: PMC6162411 DOI: 10.3390/cells7090114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The irreversible loss of functional cardiomyocytes (CMs) after myocardial infarction (MI) represents one major barrier to heart regeneration and functional recovery. The combination of different cell sources and different biomaterials have been investigated to generate CMs by differentiation or reprogramming approaches although at low efficiency. This critical review article discusses the role of biomaterial platforms integrating biochemical instructive cues as a tool for the effective generation of functional CMs. The report firstly introduces MI and the main cardiac regenerative medicine strategies under investigation. Then, it describes the main stem cell populations and indirect and direct reprogramming approaches for cardiac regenerative medicine. A third section discusses the main techniques for the characterization of stem cell differentiation and fibroblast reprogramming into CMs. Another section describes the main biomaterials investigated for stem cell differentiation and fibroblast reprogramming into CMs. Finally, a critical analysis of the scientific literature is presented for an efficient generation of functional CMs. The authors underline the need for biomimetic, reproducible and scalable biomaterial platforms and their integration with external physical stimuli in controlled culture microenvironments for the generation of functional CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Paoletti
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
| | - Carla Divieto
- Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Turin, Italy.
| | - Valeria Chiono
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
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33
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Baghalishahi M, Efthekhar-vaghefi SH, Piryaei A, Nematolahi-mahani S, Mollaei HR, Sadeghi Y. Cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogel together with or without inducer cocktail improves human adipose tissue-derived stem cells differentiation into cardiomyocyte–like cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 502:215-225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Miller LW, Rogers JG. Evolution of Left Ventricular Assist Device Therapy for Advanced Heart Failure. JAMA Cardiol 2018; 3:650-658. [DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2018.0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph G. Rogers
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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Hernandez MJ, Gaetani R, Pieters VM, Ng NW, Chang AE, Martin TR, van Ingen E, Mol EA, Sluijter JPG, Christman KL. Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels as a Delivery Platform for MicroRNA and Extracellular Vesicle Therapeutics. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018; 1. [PMID: 31544132 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, the use of microRNA (miRNA) and extracellular vesicle (EV) therapies has emerged as an alternative approach to mitigate the negative effects of several disease pathologies ranging from cancer to tissue and organ regeneration; however, delivery approaches towards target tissues have not been optimized. To alleviate these challenges, including rapid diffusion upon injection and susceptibility to degradation, porcine-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels are examined as a potential delivery platform for miRNA and EV therapeutics. The incorporation of EVs and miRNA antagonists, including anti-miR and antago-miR, in ECM hydrogels results in a prolonged release as compared to the biologic agents alone. In addition, individual in vitro assessments confirm the bioactivity of the therapeutics upon release from the ECM hydrogels. This work demonstrates the feasibility of encapsulating miRNA and EV therapeutics in ECM hydrogels to enhance delivery and potentially efficacy in later in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J Hernandez
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Roberto Gaetani
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Vera M Pieters
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nathan W Ng
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Audrey E Chang
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Taylor R Martin
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Eva van Ingen
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Emma A Mol
- Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, NL
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, NL
| | - Karen L Christman
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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36
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Spang MT, Christman KL. Extracellular matrix hydrogel therapies: In vivo applications and development. Acta Biomater 2018; 68:1-14. [PMID: 29274480 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) has been widely used for tissue engineering applications and is becoming increasingly versatile as it can take many forms, including patches, powders, and hydrogels. Following additional processing, decellularized ECM can form an inducible hydrogel that can be injected, providing for new minimally-invasive procedure opportunities. ECM hydrogels have been derived from numerous tissue sources and applied to treat many disease models, such as ischemic injuries and organ regeneration or replacement. This review will focus on in vivo applications of ECM hydrogels and functional outcomes in disease models, as well as discuss considerations for clinical translation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel therapies are being developed to treat diseased or damaged tissues and organs throughout the body. Many ECM hydrogels are progressing from in vitro models to in vivo biocompatibility studies and functional models. There is significant potential for clinical translation of these therapies since one ECM hydrogel therapy is already in a Phase 1 clinical trial.
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Abstract
Bioscaffolds serve as structures for cells in building complex tissues and full organs including heart. Decellularizing cardiac tissue results in cell-free extracellular matrix (ECM) that can be used as a cardiac tissue bioscaffold. The field of whole-heart tissue engineering has been revolutionized since the 2008 publication of the first perfusion-decellularized whole heart, and since then, studies have shown how decellularized cardiac tissue retains its native architecture and biochemistry following recellularization. Chemical, enzymatic, and physical decellularization methods preserve the ECM to varying degrees with the widely accepted standard of less than 50 ng/mg of double-stranded DNA present in decellularized ECM. Following decellularization, replacement of cells occurs via recellularization: seeding cells into the decellularized ECM structure either via perfusion of cells into the vascular conduits, injection into parenchyma, or a combination of perfusion and injection. Endothelial cells are often perfused through existing vessel conduits to provide an endothelial lining of the vasculature, with cardiomyocytes and other parenchymal cells injected into the myocardium of decellularized ECM bioscaffolds. Uniform cell density and cell retention throughout the bioscaffold still needs to be addressed in larger animal models of the whole heart. Generating the necessary cell numbers and types remains a challenge. Still, recellularized cardiac tissue bioscaffolds offer therapeutic solutions to heart failure, heart valve replacement, and acute myocardial infarction. New technologies allow for decellularized ECM to be bioprinted into cardiac bioscaffolds or formed into a cardiac hydrogel patch. This chapter reviews the advances made in decellularization and recellularization of cardiac ECM bioscaffolds with a discussion of the potential clinical applications of ECM bioscaffolds.
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38
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Robb KP, Shridhar A, Flynn LE. Decellularized Matrices As Cell-Instructive Scaffolds to Guide Tissue-Specific Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:3627-3643. [PMID: 33429606 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Decellularized scaffolds are promising clinically translational biomaterials that can be applied to direct cell responses and promote tissue regeneration. Bioscaffolds derived from the extracellular matrix (ECM) of decellularized tissues can naturally mimic the complex extracellular microenvironment through the retention of compositional, biomechanical, and structural properties specific to the native ECM. Increasingly, studies have investigated the use of ECM-derived scaffolds as instructive substrates to recapitulate properties of the stem cell niche and guide cell proliferation, paracrine factor production, and differentiation in a tissue-specific manner. Here, we review the application of decellularized tissue scaffolds as instructive matrices for stem or progenitor cells, with a focus on the mechanisms through which ECM-derived scaffolds can mediate cell behavior to promote tissue-specific regeneration. We conclude that although additional preclinical studies are required, ECM-derived scaffolds are a promising platform to guide cell behavior and may have widespread clinical applications in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Robb
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, The University of Western Ontario, Claudette MacKay Lassonde Pavilion, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
| | - Arthi Shridhar
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, Thompson Engineering Building, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
| | - Lauren E Flynn
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, Thompson Engineering Building, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
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39
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Becker M, Maring JA, Oberwallner B, Kappler B, Klein O, Falk V, Stamm C. Processing of Human Cardiac Tissue Toward Extracellular Matrix Self-assembling Hydrogel for In Vitro and In Vivo Applications. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 29286394 DOI: 10.3791/56419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acellular extracellular matrix preparations are useful for studying cell-matrix interactions and facilitate regenerative cell therapy applications. Several commercial extracellular matrix products are available as hydrogels or membranes, but these do not possess tissue-specific biological activity. Because perfusion decellularization is usually not possible with human heart tissue, we developed a 3-step immersion decellularization process. Human myocardial slices procured during surgery are first treated with detergent-free hyperosmolar lysis buffer, followed by incubation with the ionic detergent, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the process is completed by exploiting the intrinsic DNase activity of fetal bovine serum. This technique results in cell-free sheets of cardiac extracellular matrix with largely preserved fibrous tissue architecture and biopolymer composition, which were shown to provide specific environmental cues to cardiac cell populations and pluripotent stem cells. Cardiac extracellular matrix sheets can then be further processed into a microparticle powder without further chemical modification, or, via short-term pepsin digestion, into a self-assembling cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogel with preserved bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Becker
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT)
| | - Janita A Maring
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT)
| | | | | | - Oliver Klein
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT)
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin (DHZB); Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
| | - Christof Stamm
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT); German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin (DHZB);
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40
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Sachs PC, Mollica PA, Bruno RD. Tissue specific microenvironments: a key tool for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. J Biol Eng 2017; 11:34. [PMID: 29177006 PMCID: PMC5688702 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-017-0077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulated evidence points to the microenvironment as the primary mediator of cellular fate determination. Comprised of parenchymal cells, stromal cells, structural extracellular matrix proteins, and signaling molecules, the microenvironment is a complex and synergistic edifice that varies tissue to tissue. Furthermore, it has become increasingly clear that the microenvironment plays crucial roles in the establishment and progression of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, cancer, and ageing. Here we review the historical perspectives on the microenvironment, and how it has directed current explorations in tissue engineering. By thoroughly understanding the role of the microenvironment, we can begin to correctly manipulate it to prevent and cure diseases through regenerative medicine techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Sachs
- Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Science, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
| | - Peter A Mollica
- Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Science, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
| | - Robert D Bruno
- Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Science, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
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41
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Huang G, Li F, Zhao X, Ma Y, Li Y, Lin M, Jin G, Lu TJ, Genin GM, Xu F. Functional and Biomimetic Materials for Engineering of the Three-Dimensional Cell Microenvironment. Chem Rev 2017; 117:12764-12850. [PMID: 28991456 PMCID: PMC6494624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cell microenvironment has emerged as a key determinant of cell behavior and function in development, physiology, and pathophysiology. The extracellular matrix (ECM) within the cell microenvironment serves not only as a structural foundation for cells but also as a source of three-dimensional (3D) biochemical and biophysical cues that trigger and regulate cell behaviors. Increasing evidence suggests that the 3D character of the microenvironment is required for development of many critical cell responses observed in vivo, fueling a surge in the development of functional and biomimetic materials for engineering the 3D cell microenvironment. Progress in the design of such materials has improved control of cell behaviors in 3D and advanced the fields of tissue regeneration, in vitro tissue models, large-scale cell differentiation, immunotherapy, and gene therapy. However, the field is still in its infancy, and discoveries about the nature of cell-microenvironment interactions continue to overturn much early progress in the field. Key challenges continue to be dissecting the roles of chemistry, structure, mechanics, and electrophysiology in the cell microenvironment, and understanding and harnessing the roles of periodicity and drift in these factors. This review encapsulates where recent advances appear to leave the ever-shifting state of the art, and it highlights areas in which substantial potential and uncertainty remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyou Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science,
Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical
Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Yufei Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Min Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Guorui Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Tian Jian Lu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials
and Structures, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Guy M. Genin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering &
Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130, MO,
USA
- NSF Science and Technology Center for
Engineering MechanoBiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130,
MO, USA
| | - Feng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
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42
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Gluck JM, Herren AW, Yechikov S, Kao HKJ, Khan A, Phinney BS, Chiamvimonvat N, Chan JW, Lieu DK. Biochemical and biomechanical properties of the pacemaking sinoatrial node extracellular matrix are distinct from contractile left ventricular matrix. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185125. [PMID: 28934329 PMCID: PMC5608342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix plays a role in differentiation and phenotype development of its resident cells. Although cardiac extracellular matrix from the contractile tissues has been studied and utilized in tissue engineering, extracellular matrix properties of the pacemaking sinoatrial node are largely unknown. In this study, the biomechanical properties and biochemical composition and distribution of extracellular matrix in the sinoatrial node were investigated relative to the left ventricle. Extracellular matrix of the sinoatrial node was found to be overall stiffer than that of the left ventricle and highly heterogeneous with interstitial regions composed of predominantly fibrillar collagens and rich in elastin. The extracellular matrix protein distribution suggests that resident pacemaking cardiomyocytes are enclosed in fibrillar collagens that can withstand greater tensile strength while the surrounding elastin-rich regions may undergo deformation to reduce the mechanical strain in these cells. Moreover, basement membrane-associated adhesion proteins that are ligands for integrins were of low abundance in the sinoatrial node, which may decrease force transduction in the pacemaking cardiomyocytes. In contrast to extracellular matrix of the left ventricle, extracellular matrix of the sinoatrial node may reduce mechanical strain and force transduction in pacemaking cardiomyocytes. These findings provide the criteria for a suitable matrix scaffold for engineering biopacemakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Gluck
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis; Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Anthony W. Herren
- UC Davis Genome Center, University of California Davis; Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Sergey Yechikov
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis; Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Hillary K. J. Kao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis; Davis, CA, United States of America
- Bridges to Stem Cell Research Program, California State University Sacramento; Sacramento, CA, United States of America
| | - Ambereen Khan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis; Davis, CA, United States of America
- Bridges to Stem Cell Research Program, California State University Sacramento; Sacramento, CA, United States of America
| | - Brett S. Phinney
- UC Davis Genome Center, University of California Davis; Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Nipavan Chiamvimonvat
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis; Davis, CA, United States of America
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Northern California Health Care System; Mather, CA, United States of America
| | - James W. Chan
- Center for Biophotonics, University of California Davis; Sacramento, CA, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis; Sacramento, CA, United States of America
| | - Deborah K. Lieu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis; Davis, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Cardiac Progenitor Cells and the Interplay with Their Microenvironment. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:7471582. [PMID: 29075298 PMCID: PMC5623801 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7471582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment plays a crucial role in the behavior of stem and progenitor cells. In the heart, cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) reside in specific niches, characterized by key components that are altered in response to a myocardial infarction. To date, there is a lack of knowledge on these niches and on the CPC interplay with the niche components. Insight into these complex interactions and into the influence of microenvironmental factors on CPCs can be used to promote the regenerative potential of these cells. In this review, we discuss cardiac resident progenitor cells and their regenerative potential and provide an overview of the interactions of CPCs with the key elements of their niche. We focus on the interaction between CPCs and supporting cells, extracellular matrix, mechanical stimuli, and soluble factors. Finally, we describe novel approaches to modulate the CPC niche that can represent the next step in recreating an optimal CPC microenvironment and thereby improve their regeneration capacity.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we focus on the multiple advancements in the field of cardiovascular regenerative medicine and the state-of-the art of building a heart. An organ is comprised of cells, but cells alone do not comprise an organ. We summarize the components needed, the hurdles, and likely translational steps defining the opportunities for discovery. RECENT FINDINGS The therapies being developed in regenerative medicine aim not only to repair, but also to regenerate or replace ailing tissues and organs. The first generation of cardiac regenerative medicine was gene therapy. The past decade has focused primarily on cell therapy, particularly for repair after ischemic injury with mixed results. Although cell therapy is promising, it will likely never reverse end-stage heart failure; and thus, the unmet need is, and will remain, for organs. Scientists have now tissue engineering and regenerative medicine concepts to invent alternative therapies for a wide spectrum of diseases encompassing cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, musculoskeletal, ocular, and neurodegenerative disorders. Current studies focus on potential scaffolds and applying concepts and techniques learned with testbeds to building human sized organs. Special focus has been given to scaffold sources, cells types and sources, and cell integration with scaffolds. The complexity arises in combining them to yield an organ. SUMMARY Regenerative medicine has emerged as one of the most promising fields of translational research and has the potential to minimize both the need for, and increase the availability of, donor organs. The field is characterized by its integration of biology, physical sciences, and engineering. The proper integration of these fields could lead to off-the-shelf bioartificial organs that are suitable for transplantation. Building a heart will necessarily require a scaffold that can provide cardiac function. We believe that the advent of decellularization methods provides complex, unique, and natural scaffold sources. Ultimately, cell biology and tissue engineering will need to synergize with scaffold biology, finding cell sources and reproducible ways to expand their numbers is an unmet need. But tissue engineering is moving toward whole organ synthesis at an unparalleled pace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris A. Taylor
- Regenerative Medicine Research, Texas Heart Institute, PO Box 20345, Houston, TX 77225-0345 USA
| | - Rohan B. Parikh
- Regenerative Medicine Research, Texas Heart Institute, PO Box 20345, Houston, TX 77225-0345 USA
| | - Luiz C. Sampaio
- Regenerative Medicine Research, Texas Heart Institute, PO Box 20345, Houston, TX 77225-0345 USA
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Extracellular matrix hydrogels from decellularized tissues: Structure and function. Acta Biomater 2017; 49:1-15. [PMID: 27915024 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 473] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) bioscaffolds prepared from decellularized tissues have been used to facilitate constructive and functional tissue remodeling in a variety of clinical applications. The discovery that these ECM materials could be solubilized and subsequently manipulated to form hydrogels expanded their potential in vitro and in vivo utility; i.e. as culture substrates comparable to collagen or Matrigel, and as injectable materials that fill irregularly-shaped defects. The mechanisms by which ECM hydrogels direct cell behavior and influence remodeling outcomes are only partially understood, but likely include structural and biological signals retained from the native source tissue. The present review describes the utility, formation, and physical and biological characterization of ECM hydrogels. Two examples of clinical application are presented to demonstrate in vivo utility of ECM hydrogels in different organ systems. Finally, new research directions and clinical translation of ECM hydrogels are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE More than 70 papers have been published on extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels created from source tissue in almost every organ system. The present manuscript represents a review of ECM hydrogels and attempts to identify structure-function relationships that influence the tissue remodeling outcomes and gaps in the understanding thereof. There is a Phase 1 clinical trial now in progress for an ECM hydrogel.
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Deddens JC, Sadeghi AH, Hjortnaes J, van Laake LW, Buijsrogge M, Doevendans PA, Khademhosseini A, Sluijter JPG. Modeling the Human Scarred Heart In Vitro: Toward New Tissue Engineered Models. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 27906521 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is critical for effective tissue healing, however, excessive production and deposition of extracellular matrix components contribute to scarring and failing of the heart. Despite the fact that novel therapies have emerged, there are still no lifelong solutions for this problem. An urgent need exists to improve the understanding of adverse cardiac remodeling in order to develop new therapeutic interventions that will prevent, reverse, or regenerate the fibrotic changes in the failing heart. With recent advances in both disease biology and cardiac tissue engineering, the translation of fundamental laboratory research toward the treatment of chronic heart failure patients becomes a more realistic option. Here, the current understanding of cardiac fibrosis and the great potential of tissue engineering are presented. Approaches using hydrogel-based tissue engineered heart constructs are discussed to contemplate key challenges for modeling tissue engineered cardiac fibrosis and to provide a future outlook for preclinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine C. Deddens
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute (ICIN); 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Amir Hossein Sadeghi
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Division Heart and Lungs; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Jesper Hjortnaes
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Division Heart and Lungs; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CT Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Linda W. van Laake
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CT Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marc Buijsrogge
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Division Heart and Lungs; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Pieter A. Doevendans
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute (ICIN); 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CT Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering; Harvard University; Boston MA 02115 USA
- Department of Physics; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah 21569 Saudi Arabia
| | - Joost P. G. Sluijter
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute (ICIN); 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CT Utrecht The Netherlands
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Agmon G, Christman KL. Controlling stem cell behavior with decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds. CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE 2016; 20:193-201. [PMID: 27524932 PMCID: PMC4979580 DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Decellularized tissues have become a common regenerative medicine platform with multiple materials being researched in academic laboratories, tested in animal studies, and used clinically. Ideally, when a tissue is decellularized the native cell niche is maintained with many of the structural and biochemical cues that naturally interact with the cells of that particular tissue. This makes decellularized tissue materials an excellent platform for providing cells with the signals needed to initiate and maintain differentiation into tissue-specific lineages. The extracellular matrix (ECM) that remains after the decellularization process contains the components of a tissue specific microenvironment that is not possible to create synthetically. The ECM of each tissue has a different composition and structure and therefore has unique properties and potential for affecting cell behavior. This review describes the common methods for preparing decellularized tissue materials and the effects that decellularized materials from different tissues have on cell phenotype.
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49
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Wassenaar JW, Braden RL, Osborn KG, Christman KL. Modulating In Vivo Degradation Rate of Injectable Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:2794-2802. [PMID: 27563436 PMCID: PMC4993464 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02564h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived hydrogels are increasingly used as scaffolds to stimulate endogenous repair. However, few studies have examined how altering the degradation rates of these materials affect cellular interaction in vivo. This study sought to examine how crosslinking or matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition by doxycycline could be employed to modulate the degradation rate of an injectable hydrogel derived from decellularized porcine ventricular myocardium. While both approaches were effective in reducing degradation in vitro, only doxycycline significantly prolonged hydrogel degradation in vivo without affecting material biocompatibility. In addition, unlike crosslinking, incorporation of doxycycline into the hydrogel did not affect mechanical properties. Lastly, the results of this study highlighted the need for development of novel crosslinkers for in situ modification of injectable ECM-derived hydrogels, as none of the crosslinking agents investigated in this study were both biocompatible and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean W. Wassenaar
- Department of Bioengineering and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego
| | - Rebecca L. Braden
- Department of Bioengineering and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego
| | - Kent G. Osborn
- Office of Animal Research, University of California, San Diego
| | - Karen L. Christman
- Department of Bioengineering and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego
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