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Safari M, Scotto L, Basseville A, Litman T, Xue H, Petrukhin L, Zhou P, Morales DV, Damoci C, Zhu M, Hull K, Olive KP, Fojo T, Romo D, Bates SE. Combined HDAC and eIF4A inhibition: A novel epigenetic therapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.30.600495. [PMID: 39005268 PMCID: PMC11244854 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.30.600495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma-(PDAC) needs innovative approaches due to its 12% 5-year survival despite current therapies. We show marked sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to the combination of a novel eIF4A inhibitor, des-methyl pateamine A (DMPatA), and a histone deacetylase inhibitor, romidepsin, inducing epigenetic reprogramming as an innovative therapeutic strategy. Exploring the mechanistic activity of this combination showed that with a short duration of romidepsin at low doses, robust acetylation persisted up to 48h with the combination, while histone acetylation rapidly faded with monotherapy. This represents an unexpected mechanism of action against PDAC cells that triggers transcriptional overload, metabolic stress, and augmented DNA damage. Structurally different class I HDAC inhibitors exhibit the same hyperacetylation patterns when co-administered with DMPatA, suggesting a class effect. We show efficacy of this combination regimen against tumor growth in a MIA PaCa-2 xenograft model of PDAC with persistent hyperacetylation confirmed in tumor samples. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, a significant clinical challenge, could benefit from the latent potential of epigenetic therapies like HDAC inhibitors-(HDIs), typically limited to hematological malignancies. Our study shows that a synergistic low dose combination of HDIs with an eIF4A-inhibitor in pancreatic cancer models results in marked pre-clinical efficacy, offering a promising new treatment strategy.
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Fan W, Yang X, Zhou L, Xu J, Huang W, Tripathi AS. 5HT2A modulation attenuates pancreatic cancer induced pain mouse model by inhibiting HDAC. Acta Cir Bras 2024; 39:e392324. [PMID: 38629654 PMCID: PMC11020633 DOI: 10.1590/acb392324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients have been severely suffered from cancer associated pain, and pancreatic cancer is the most severe form of cancer associated with pain. There are very few options available to manage it. The present report evaluated the effect of 5HT2A on pancreatic cancer associated pain. METHODS Pancreatic cancer was induced by injecting SW 1,990 cells (~3×106 in a 20 μL suspension) into the pancreas and formed a 2-3-mm vesicle using an inoculator fitted with a 26-gauge needle in BALB/c-nu mice. Survival rate and body weight of the mice were observed. Pain behaviour testing was performed at the end of each week (third and fourth week) after surgery. Inflammatory mediators and HDAC 2 proteins were determined in the spinal tissue using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS There was improvement in the survival rate and body weight in 5HT2A antagonist treated group than pancreatic cancer group of mice. Moreover, 5HT2A antagonist ameliorated the alteration in pain behaviour of pancreatic cancer mice. mRNA expression of HDAC2 and level of inflammatory cytokines were reduced in the spinal tissue of 5HT 2A antagonist treated group than pancreatic cancer group of mice. CONCLUSIONS Data revealed that 5HT2A antagonist ameliorates pain associated with pancreatic cancer mice by HDAC inhibition and inflammatory cytokines. The result of investigation supports that modulation of 5HT2A receptor could be used clinically to protects neuropathic pain in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Fan
- Xi’an Gaoxin Hospital – Department of General Surgery – Xi’an – China
| | - Xijia Yang
- Xi’an Gaoxin Hospital – Department of General Surgery – Xi’an – China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Xi’an Gaoxin Hospital – Department of General Surgery – Xi’an – China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Xi’an Gaoxin Hospital – Department of General Surgery – Xi’an – China
| | - Weihua Huang
- Xi’an Gaoxin Hospital – Department of General Surgery – Xi’an – China
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Sharma R, Earla B, Baidoo KE, Zeiger MA, Madigan JP, Escorcia FE, Sadowski SM. Upregulation of Somatostatin Receptor Type 2 Improves 177Lu-DOTATATE Therapy in Receptor-Deficient Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Model. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:1052-1062. [PMID: 37487000 PMCID: PMC10477832 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) express high levels of somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2), a unique target for both tumor imaging and therapy. This surface expression is lost in metastatic high-grade PNETs, making patients ineligible for SSTR2-targeted 177 Lutetium (Lu)-DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), and represents an unmet clinical need. Here, we aimed to restore SSTR2 expression through the reversal of inhibitory epigenetic gene silencing to improve tumor responsiveness to PRRT. We first assessed human SSTR2 promoter methylation and expression levels in 96 patient samples. We then used three NET cell lines (QGP-1, BON-1, GOT-1) with variable SSTR2 expression profiles for functional in vitro studies using histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). Finally, the QGP-1 xenograft mouse model, with low basal SSTR2 expression, was used to assess the therapeutic efficacy of combined HDACi and 177Lu-DOTATATE therapies. We confirm that SSTR expression is decreased and correlates with SSTR2 promoter methylation in patients with high-grade NETs. When exposed to HDACis, SSTR2 surface expression is increased in three NET cell lines in vitro. In an in vivo PNET xenograft model with low basal SSTR2 expression, our studies demonstrate significantly higher tumor uptake of SSTR2-targeted 177Lu-DOTATATE in animals pretreated with HDACis compared with controls. For the first time, we show that this higher tumor uptake results in significant antitumor response when compared with standard PRRT alone. These preclinical results provide a rationale for utilizing HDACi pretreatment to improve targeted radionuclide therapy in patients with SSTR2-negative, metastatic PNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Sharma
- Endocrine Surgery Section, Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bhargav Earla
- Endocrine Surgery Section, Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
- UAB Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Kwamena E. Baidoo
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martha A. Zeiger
- Office of Surgeon Scientists Programs, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James P. Madigan
- Endocrine Surgery Section, Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Freddy E. Escorcia
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Samira M. Sadowski
- Endocrine Surgery Section, Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Cao HY, Li L, Xue SL, Dai HP. Chidamide: Targeting epigenetic regulation in the treatment of hematological malignancy. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:301-309. [PMID: 36251458 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations frequently participate in the onset of hematological malignancies. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are essential for regulating gene transcription and various signaling pathways. Targeting HDACs has become a novel treatment option for hematological malignancies. Chidamide is the first oral selective HDAC inhibitor for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC10 and was first approved for the treatment of R/R peripheral T-cell lymphoma by the China Food and Drug Administration in 2014. Chidamide was also approved under the name Hiyasta (HBI-8000) in Japan in 2021. In vitro studies revealed that chidamide could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis via cell cycle arrest and the regulation of apoptotic proteins. In clinical studies, chidamide was also efficacious in multiple myeloma, acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. This review includes reported experimental and clinical data on chidamide monotherapy or chidamide treatment in combination with chemotherapy for various hematological malignancies, offering a rationale for the renewed exploration of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Cao
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Sheng-Li Xue
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hai-Ping Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Zeng Y, Yin L, Zhou J, Zeng R, Xiao Y, Black AR, Hu T, Singh PK, Yin F, Batra SK, Yu F, Chen Y, Dong J. MARK2 regulates chemotherapeutic responses through class IIa HDAC-YAP axis in pancreatic cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:3859-3875. [PMID: 35780183 PMCID: PMC9339507 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite paclitaxel's wide use in cancer treatment, patient response rate is still low and drug resistance is a major clinical obstacle. Through a Phos-tag-based kinome-wide screen, we identified MARK2 as a critical regulator for paclitaxel chemosensitivity in PDAC. We show that MARK2 is phosphorylated by CDK1 in response to antitubulin chemotherapeutics and in unperturbed mitosis. Phosphorylation is essential for MARK2 in regulating mitotic progression and paclitaxel cytotoxicity in PDAC cells. Mechanistically, our findings also suggest that MARK2 controls paclitaxel chemosensitivity by regulating class IIa HDACs. MARK2 directly phosphorylates HDAC4 specifically during antitubulin treatment. Phosphorylated HDAC4 promotes YAP activation and controls expression of YAP target genes induced by paclitaxel. Importantly, combination of HDAC inhibition and paclitaxel overcomes chemoresistance in organoid culture and preclinical PDAC animal models. The expression levels of MARK2, HDACs, and YAP are upregulated and positively correlated in PDAC patients. Inhibition of MARK2 or class IIa HDACs potentiates paclitaxel cytotoxicity by inducing mitotic abnormalities in PDAC cells. Together, our findings identify the MARK2-HDAC axis as a druggable target for overcoming chemoresistance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongji Zeng
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ling Yin
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jiuli Zhou
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Renya Zeng
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yi Xiao
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Adrian R Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tuo Hu
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Feng Yin
- Department of Pathology and Anatomic Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yuanhong Chen
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jixin Dong
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Koltai T, Reshkin SJ, Carvalho TMA, Di Molfetta D, Greco MR, Alfarouk KO, Cardone RA. Resistance to Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Physiopathologic and Pharmacologic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2486. [PMID: 35626089 PMCID: PMC9139729 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a very aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis and inadequate response to treatment. Many factors contribute to this therapeutic failure: lack of symptoms until the tumor reaches an advanced stage, leading to late diagnosis; early lymphatic and hematic spread; advanced age of patients; important development of a pro-tumoral and hyperfibrotic stroma; high genetic and metabolic heterogeneity; poor vascular supply; a highly acidic matrix; extreme hypoxia; and early development of resistance to the available therapeutic options. In most cases, the disease is silent for a long time, andwhen it does become symptomatic, it is too late for ablative surgery; this is one of the major reasons explaining the short survival associated with the disease. Even when surgery is possible, relapsesare frequent, andthe causes of this devastating picture are the low efficacy ofand early resistance to all known chemotherapeutic treatments. Thus, it is imperative to analyze the roots of this resistance in order to improve the benefits of therapy. PDAC chemoresistance is the final product of different, but to some extent, interconnected factors. Surgery, being the most adequate treatment for pancreatic cancer and the only one that in a few selected cases can achieve longer survival, is only possible in less than 20% of patients. Thus, the treatment burden relies on chemotherapy in mostcases. While the FOLFIRINOX scheme has a slightly longer overall survival, it also produces many more adverse eventsso that gemcitabine is still considered the first choice for treatment, especially in combination with other compounds/agents. This review discusses the multiple causes of gemcitabine resistance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephan Joel Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Tiago M. A. Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Daria Di Molfetta
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Maria Raffaella Greco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Khalid Omer Alfarouk
- Zamzam Research Center, Zamzam University College, Khartoum 11123, Sudan;
- Alfarouk Biomedical Research LLC, Temple Terrace, FL 33617, USA
| | - Rosa Angela Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
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Xiang XS, Li PC, Wang WQ, Liu L. Histone deacetylases: A novel class of therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188676. [PMID: 35016922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with a low 5-year survival rate. Novel agents are urgently necessary to treat the main pathological type, known as pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC). The dysregulation of histone deacetylases (HDACs) has been identified in association with PDAC, which can be more easily targeted by small molecular inhibitors than gene mutations and may represent a therapeutic breakthrough for PDAC. However, the contributions of HDACs to PDAC remain controversial, and pharmacokinetic challenges have limited the application of HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) in PDAC. This review summarizes the mechanisms associated with success and failure of HDACis in PDAC and discusses the recent progress made in HDACi development and application, such as combination therapies designed to enhance efficacy. More precise strategies involving HDACis might eventually improve the outcomes of PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Song Xiang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Quan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Park SJ, Joo SH, Lee N, Jang WJ, Seo JH, Jeong CH. ACY-241, an HDAC6 inhibitor, overcomes erlotinib resistance in human pancreatic cancer cells by inducing autophagy. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:1062-1075. [PMID: 34761352 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a promising target for cancer treatment because it regulates cell mobility, protein trafficking, cell growth, apoptosis, and metastasis. However, the mechanism of HDAC6-induced anticancer drug resistance is unclear. In this study, we evaluated the anticancer effect of ACY-241, an HDAC6-selective inhibitor, on erlotinib-resistant pancreatic cancer cells that overexpress HDAC6. Our data revealed that ACY-241 hyperacetylated the HDAC6 substrate, α-tubulin, leading to a significant reduction in cell viability of erlotinib-resistant pancreatic cells, BxPC3-ER and HPAC-ER. Notably, a synergistic anticancer effect was observed in cells that received combined treatment with ACY-241 and erlotinib. Combined treatment effectively induced autophagy and inhibited autophagy through siLC3B, and siATG5 alleviated ACY-241-mediated cell death, as reflected by the recovery of PARP cleavage and apoptosis rates. In addition, combined ACY-241 and erlotinib treatment induced autophagy and subsequently, cell death by reducing AKT-mTOR activity and increasing phospho-AMPK signaling. Therefore, HDAC6 may be involved in the suppression of autophagy and acquisition of resistance to erlotinib in ER pancreatic cancer cells. ACY-241 to overcome erlotinib resistance could be an effective therapeutic strategy against pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Jun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeil-daero, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Joo
- Department of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, 38430, South Korea
| | - Naeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeil-daero, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Won-Jun Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeil-daero, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Ji Hae Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 1095 Dalgubeil-daero, Daegu, 42601, South Korea.
| | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeil-daero, Daegu, 42601, South Korea.
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Kondash ME, Ananthakumar A, Khodabukus A, Bursac N, Truskey GA. Glucose Uptake and Insulin Response in Tissue-engineered Human Skeletal Muscle. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 17:801-813. [PMID: 32200516 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00242-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue-engineered muscles ("myobundles") offer a promising platform for developing a human in vitro model of healthy and diseased muscle for drug development and testing. Compared to traditional monolayer cultures, myobundles better model the three-dimensional structure of native skeletal muscle and are amenable to diverse functional measures to monitor the muscle health and drug response. Characterizing the metabolic function of human myobundles is of particular interest to enable their utilization in mechanistic studies of human metabolic diseases, identification of related drug targets, and systematic studies of drug safety and efficacy. METHODS To this end, we studied glucose uptake and insulin responsiveness in human tissue-engineered skeletal muscle myobundles in the basal state and in response to drug treatments. RESULTS In the human skeletal muscle myobundle system, insulin stimulates a 50% increase in 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) uptake with a compiled EC50 of 0.27 ± 0.03 nM. Treatment of myobundles with 400 µM metformin increased basal 2-DG uptake 1.7-fold and caused a significant drop in twitch and tetanus contractile force along with decreased fatigue resistance. Treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) increased the magnitude of insulin response from a 1.2-fold increase in glucose uptake in the untreated state to a 1.4-fold increase after 4-PBA treatment. 4-PBA treated myobundles also exhibited increased fatigue resistance and increased twitch half-relaxation time. CONCLUSION Although tissue-engineered human myobundles exhibit a modest increase in glucose uptake in response to insulin, they recapitulate key features of in vivo insulin sensitivity and exhibit relevant drug-mediated perturbations in contractile function and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Kondash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | | | - Alastair Khodabukus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - George A Truskey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
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A short guide to histone deacetylases including recent progress on class II enzymes. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:204-212. [PMID: 32071378 PMCID: PMC7062823 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between histones and DNA is important for eukaryotic gene expression. A loose interaction caused, for example, by the neutralization of a positive charge on the histone surface by acetylation, induces a less compact chromatin structure, resulting in feasible accessibility of RNA polymerase and increased gene expression. In contrast, the formation of a tight chromatin structure due to the deacetylation of histone lysine residues on the surface by histone deacetylases enforces the interaction between the histones and DNA, which minimizes the chance of RNA polymerases contacting DNA, resulting in decreased gene expression. Therefore, the balance of the acetylation of histones mediated by histone acetylases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) is an issue of transcription that has long been studied in relation to posttranslational modification. In this review, current knowledge of HDACs is briefly described with an emphasis on recent progress in research on HDACs, especially on class IIa HDACs. Targeting specific structural and functional features of enzymes involved in regulating the interactions between DNA and the histone proteins associated with it could lead to the development of more effective cancer therapeutics. Histone deacetylases (HDACs), enzymes which remove acetyl groups from histones, make the histones wrap more tightly around the DNA so that it becomes inaccessible to the initial steps in gene expression. Drugs that target these enzymes have shown limited efficacy due to lack of specificity and off-target toxicity. Jeong-Sun Kim at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, and Suk-Youl Park at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, South Korea, review the latest knowledge about class II HDACs. They suggest that their unique structural features and low enzymatic activity are important features to consider when designing new, more selective HDAC inhibitors.
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Martínez-Pacheco H, Picazo O, López-Torres A, Morin JP, Castro-Cerritos KV, Zepeda RC, Roldán-Roldán G. Biochemical and Behavioral Characterization of IN14, a New Inhibitor of HDACs with Antidepressant-Like Properties. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020299. [PMID: 32075023 PMCID: PMC7072255 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitors could be used as an effective treatment for some psychiatric and neurological conditions such as depression, anxiety and age-related cognitive decline. However, non-specific HDAC inhibiting compounds have a clear disadvantage regarding their efficacy and safety, thus the need to develop more selective ones. The present study evaluated the toxicity, the capacity to inhibit HDAC activity and antidepressant-like activity of three recently described class I HDAC inhibitors IN01, IN04 and IN14, using A. salina toxicity test, in vitro fluorometric HDAC activity assay and forced-swimming test, respectively. Our data show that IN14 possesses a better profile than the other two. Therefore, the pro-cognitive and antidepressant effects of IN14 were evaluated. In the forced-swimming test model of depression, intraperitoneal administration of IN14 (100 mg/Kg/day) for five days decreased immobility, a putative marker of behavioral despair, significantly more than tricyclic antidepressant desipramine, while also increasing climbing behavior, a putative marker of motivational behavior. On the other hand, IN14 left the retention latency in the elevated T-maze unaltered. These results suggest that novel HDAC class I inhibitor IN14 may represent a promising new antidepressant with low toxicity and encourages further studies on this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidy Martínez-Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Conductual, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (H.M.-P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Ofir Picazo
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Salvador Díaz Mirón s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico;
| | - Adolfo López-Torres
- Instituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad del Papaloapan, Campus Tuxtepec, Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca 68301, Mexico (K.V.C.-C.)
| | - Jean-Pascal Morin
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Conductual, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (H.M.-P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Karla Viridiana Castro-Cerritos
- Instituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad del Papaloapan, Campus Tuxtepec, Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca 68301, Mexico (K.V.C.-C.)
| | - Rossana Citlali Zepeda
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana. Av. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n. Col., Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa, Veracruz 91190, Mexico;
| | - Gabriel Roldán-Roldán
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Conductual, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (H.M.-P.); (J.-P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-5556-232364
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12
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Selective Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases 1/2/6 in Combination with Gemcitabine: A Promising Combination for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091327. [PMID: 31500290 PMCID: PMC6770665 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a five-year survival rate of <10% due in part to a lack of effective therapies. Pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have shown preclinical efficacy against PDAC but have failed in the clinic due to toxicity. Selective HDAC inhibitors may reduce toxicity while retaining therapeutic efficacy. However, their use requires identification of the specific HDACs that mediate the therapeutic effects of HDAC inhibitors in PDAC. We determined that the HDAC1/2/3 inhibitor Mocetinostat synergizes with the HDAC4/5/6 inhibitor LMK-235 in a panel of PDAC cell lines. Furthermore, while neither drug alone synergizes with gemcitabine, the combination of Mocetinostat, LMK-235, and gemcitabine showed strong synergy. Using small interfering (si)RNA-mediated knockdown, this synergy was attributed to inhibition of HDACs 1, 2, and 6. Pharmacological inhibition of HDACs 1 and 2 with Romidepsin and HDAC6 with ACY-1215 also potently synergized with gemcitabine in a panel of PDAC cell lines, and this drug combination potentiated the antitumor effects of gemcitabine against PDAC xenografts in vivo. Collectively, our data show that inhibition of multiple HDACs is required for therapeutic effects of HDAC inhibitors and support the development of novel strategies to inhibit HDACs 1, 2, and 6 for PDAC therapy.
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13
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Zhou C, Zhao Y, Yin Y, Hu Z, Atyah M, Chen W, Meng Z, Mao H, Zhou Q, Tang W, Wang P, Li Z, Weng J, Bruns C, Popp M, Popp F, Dong Q, Ren N. A robust 6-mRNA signature for prognosis prediction of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2282-2295. [PMID: 31595147 PMCID: PMC6775308 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.32899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most fatal malignancies worldwide. PDAC prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers are still being explored. The aim of this study is to establish a robust molecular signature that can improve the ability to predict PDAC prognosis. 155 overlapping differentially expressed genes between tumor and non-tumor tissues from three Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were explored. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method (LASSO) Cox regression model was employed for selecting prognostic genes. We developed a 6-mRNA signature that can distinguish high PDAC risk patients from low risk patients with significant differences in overall survival (OS). We further validated this signature prognostic value in three independent cohorts (GEO batch, P < 0.0001; ICGC, P = 0.0036; Fudan, P = 0.029). Furthermore, we found that our signature remained significant in patients with different histologic grade, TNM stage, locations of tumor entity, age and gender. Multivariate cox regression analysis showed that 6-mRNA signature can be an independent prognostic marker in each of the cohorts. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis also showed that our signature possessed a better predictive role of PDAC prognosis. Moreover, the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis showed that several tumorigenesis and metastasis related pathways were indeed associated with higher scores of risk. In conclusion, identifying the 6-mRNA signature could provide a valuable classification method to evaluate clinical prognosis and facilitate personalized treatment for PDAC patients. New therapeutic targets may be developed upon the functional analysis of the classifier genes and their related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yirui Yin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiu Hu
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Manar Atyah
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanyong Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhefeng Meng
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huarong Mao
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Tang
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanming Li
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialei Weng
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Christiane Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marie Popp
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Popp
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Qiongzhu Dong
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Ren
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Conway JRW, Herrmann D, Evans TRJ, Morton JP, Timpson P. Combating pancreatic cancer with PI3K pathway inhibitors in the era of personalised medicine. Gut 2019; 68:742-758. [PMID: 30396902 PMCID: PMC6580874 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most deadly solid tumours. This is due to a generally late-stage diagnosis of a primarily treatment-refractory disease. Several large-scale sequencing and mass spectrometry approaches have identified key drivers of this disease and in doing so highlighted the vast heterogeneity of lower frequency mutations that make clinical trials of targeted agents in unselected patients increasingly futile. There is a clear need for improved biomarkers to guide effective targeted therapies, with biomarker-driven clinical trials for personalised medicine becoming increasingly common in several cancers. Interestingly, many of the aberrant signalling pathways in PDAC rely on downstream signal transduction through the mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways, which has led to the development of several approaches to target these key regulators, primarily as combination therapies. The following review discusses the trend of PDAC therapy towards molecular subtyping for biomarker-driven personalised therapies, highlighting the key pathways under investigation and their relationship to the PI3K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- James RW Conway
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - TR Jeffry Evans
- Cancer Department, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Cancer Department, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paul Timpson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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15
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Schizas D, Mastoraki A, Naar L, Spartalis E, Tsilimigras DI, Karachaliou GS, Bagias G, Moris D. Concept of histone deacetylases in cancer: Reflections on esophageal carcinogenesis and treatment. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:4635-4642. [PMID: 30416311 PMCID: PMC6224471 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i41.4635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) presents a high mortality rate, mainly due to its aggressive nature. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histological type worldwide, though, a continuous increase in esophageal adenocarcinomas has been noted in the past decades. Common risk factors associated with EC include smoking, alcohol consumption, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett’s esophagus and obesity. In an effort to overcome chemotherapy resistance in oncology, it was discovered that histone acetylation/deacetylation equilibrium is altered in carcinogenesis, leading to changes in chromatin structure and altering expression of genes important in the cell cycle, differentiation and apoptosis. Based on this knowledge, histone acetylation was addressed as a potential novel chemotherapy drug target to repress cancer cell proliferation. There are four classes of histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitors with a variety of different mechanisms of actions that render them possible anti-cancer drugs. They arrest the cell cycle, inhibit differentiation and angiogenesis and induce apoptosis. They do not necessarily act on histone proteins, since they can also exert indirect anti-cancer effects, by modifying various cellular proteins. In addition, HDACs have also been associated with increased chemotherapy resistance. Based on the literature, HDACs have been associated with EC, with surveys revealing that increased expression of certain HDACs correlates with advanced TNM stages, tumor grade, metastatic potential and decreased 5-year overall and disease-free survival. The aim of this survey is to elucidate the molecular identity and mechanism of action of HDAC inhibitors as well as verify their potential utility as anti-cancer agents in esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Schizas
- 1st Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Mastoraki
- 1st Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Leon Naar
- 4th Department of Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Spartalis
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Diamantis I Tsilimigras
- 1st Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Georgia-Sofia Karachaliou
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - George Bagias
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Moris
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
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16
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Abstract
In the last decade, epigenetic drugs (such as inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases) have been intensively used for cancer treatment. Their applications have shown high anticancer effectivity and tolerable side effects. However, they are unfortunately not effective in the treatment of some types and phenotypes of cancers. Nevertheless, several studies have demonstrated that problems of drug efficacy can be overcome through the combined application of therapeutic modulates. Therefore, combined applications of epigenetic agents with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, oncolytic virotherapy and hyperthermia have been presented. This review summarizes and discusses the general principles of this approach, as introduced and supported by numerous examples. In addition, predictions of the future potential applications of this methodology are included.
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17
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Cai MH, Xu XG, Yan SL, Sun Z, Ying Y, Wang BK, Tu YX. Depletion of HDAC1, 7 and 8 by Histone Deacetylase Inhibition Confers Elimination of Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells in Combination with Gemcitabine. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1621. [PMID: 29374219 PMCID: PMC5786009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichostatin A (TSA) possess histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory potential, can reverse the deactivation of tumor suppressor genes and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. We evaluated the effect of TSA on HDAC expression, tumor cell proliferation, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) activities in pancreatic ductal adenocarnoma (PDAC) cells. The PDAC cell lines MiaPaCa-2 and PANC-1 were distinctly sensitive to TSA, with enhanced apoptosis, compared to SAHA. TSA or SAHA inhibited vimentin, HDACs 1, 7 and 8, upregulated E-cadherin mRNA and protein levels in the PDAC cells, and time-dependently downregulated Oct-4, Sox-2, and Nanog, as well as inhibited PDAC tumorsphere formation. TSA also induces accumulation of acetylated histones, while increasing histone 3 lysine 4 or 9 dimethylation levels in PDAC cells and enhancing the epigenetic activity of SAHA. The anti-CSCs effect of TSA was like that obtained by silencing HDAC-1 or 7 using siRNA, and enhances Gemcitabine activity. Our study highlights the molecular targetability of HDACs 1, 7, and 8, confirm their PDAC-CSCs maintaining role, and demonstrate that compared to SAHA, TSA modulates the epigenetically- mediated oncogenic activity of PDAC-CSCs, and potentiate Gemcitabine therapeutic activity, making a case for further exploration of TSA activity alone or in combination with Gemcitabine in PDAC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Hua Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Chun'an First People's Hospital (Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Chun'an Branch), Hangzhou, 311700, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Li Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Chun'an First People's Hospital (Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Chun'an Branch), Hangzhou, 311700, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ze Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Chun'an First People's Hospital (Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Chun'an Branch), Hangzhou, 311700, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yin Ying
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bai-Kui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yue-Xing Tu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.
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18
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Mishra VK, Wegwitz F, Kosinsky RL, Sen M, Baumgartner R, Wulff T, Siveke JT, Schildhaus HU, Najafova Z, Kari V, Kohlhof H, Hessmann E, Johnsen SA. Histone deacetylase class-I inhibition promotes epithelial gene expression in pancreatic cancer cells in a BRD4- and MYC-dependent manner. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:6334-6349. [PMID: 28369619 PMCID: PMC5499659 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with a particularly dismal prognosis. Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are epigenetic modulators whose activity is frequently deregulated in various cancers including PDAC. In particular, class-I HDACs (HDAC 1, 2, 3 and 8) have been shown to play an important role in PDAC. In this study, we investigated the effects of the class I-specific HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) 4SC-202 in multiple PDAC cell lines in promoting tumor cell differentiation. We show that 4SC-202 negatively affects TGFβ signaling and inhibits TGFβ-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, 4SC-202 markedly induced p21 (CDKN1A) expression and significantly attenuated cell proliferation. Mechanistically, genome-wide studies revealed that 4SC-202-induced genes were enriched for Bromodomain-containing Protein-4 (BRD4) and MYC occupancy. BRD4, a well-characterized acetyllysine reader, has been shown to play a major role in regulating transcription of selected subsets of genes. Importantly, BRD4 and MYC are essential for the expression of a subgroup of genes induced by class-I HDACi. Taken together, our study uncovers a previously unknown role of BRD4 and MYC in eliciting the HDACi-mediated induction of a subset of genes and provides molecular insight into the mechanisms of HDACi action in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Mishra
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Florian Wegwitz
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robyn Laura Kosinsky
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Madhobi Sen
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Tanja Wulff
- 4SC AG, Am Klopferspitz 19a, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jens T Siveke
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Schildhaus
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Zeynab Najafova
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vijayalakshmi Kari
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hella Kohlhof
- 4SC AG, Am Klopferspitz 19a, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Hessmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Steven A Johnsen
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, University Medical Center Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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19
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Jiao F, Hu H, Han T, Zhuo M, Yuan C, Yang H, Wang L, Wang L. Aberrant expression of nuclear HDAC3 and cytoplasmic CDH1 predict a poor prognosis for patients with pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16505-16. [PMID: 26918727 PMCID: PMC4941331 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that aberrant CDH1 or/and HDAC3 localization is essential for the progression of some human cancers. Here, we investigate the prognostic significance of aberrant CDH1 and HDAC3 localization in 84 pancreatic cancer patients. Our results show that increases in both membrane and cytoplasmic CDH1 correlate with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.026 and P < 0.001, respectively) and clinical stage (P = 0.020 and P < 0.001, respectively). Increased nuclear HDAC3 correlates with lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001) and advanced clinical stage (P < 0.001), but increased cytoplasmic HDAC3 does not (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that nuclear HDAC3 and cytoplasmic CDH1 (P = 0.001 and P = 0.010, respectively), as well as tumor differentiation (P = 0.009) are independent prognostic factors. Most importantly, patients with high co-expression of nuclear HDAC3 and cytoplasmic CDH1 had shorter survival times (P < 0.001), more frequent lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), and advanced clinical stage (P < 0.001). Our studies provide convincing evidence that nuclear HDAC3 and cytoplasmic CDH1 have independent prognostic value in pancreatic cancer and provide novel targets for prognostic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiao
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pancreatic Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hai Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pancreatic Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pancreatic Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meng Zhuo
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pancreatic Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Cuncun Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pancreatic Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pancreatic Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Liwei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pancreatic Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai 201620, China
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20
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Nguyen AH, Elliott IA, Wu N, Matsumura C, Vogelauer M, Attar N, Dann A, Ghukasyan R, Toste PA, Patel SG, Williams JL, Li L, Dawson DW, Radu C, Kurdistani SK, Donahue TR. Histone deacetylase inhibitors provoke a tumor supportive phenotype in pancreatic cancer associated fibroblasts. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19074-19088. [PMID: 27894105 PMCID: PMC5386671 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are a promising class of anti-cancer drugs, thus far, they have been unsuccessful in early phase clinical trials for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). One potential reason for their poor efficacy is the tumor stroma, where cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a prominent cell type and a source of resistance to cancer therapies. Here, we demonstrate that stromal fibroblasts contribute to the poor efficacy of HDACi's in PDAC. HDACi-treated fibroblasts show increased biological aggressiveness and are characterized by increased secretion of pro-inflammatory tumor-supportive cytokines and chemokines. We find that HDAC2 binds to the enhancer and promoter regions of pro-inflammatory genes specifically in CAFs and in silico analysis identified AP-1 to be the most frequently associated transcription factor bound in these regions. Pharmacologic inhibition of pathways upstream of AP-1 suppresses the HDACi-induced inflammatory gene expression and tumor-supportive responses in fibroblasts. Our findings demonstrate that the combination of HDACi's with chemical inhibitors of the AP-1 signaling pathway attenuate the inflammatory phenotype of fibroblasts and may improve the efficacy of HDACi in PDAC and, potentially, in other solid tumors rich in stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Irmina A Elliott
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nanping Wu
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cynthia Matsumura
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Maria Vogelauer
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Narsis Attar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Amanda Dann
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Razmik Ghukasyan
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paul A Toste
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sanjeet G Patel
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jennifer L Williams
- Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Luyi Li
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David W Dawson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Caius Radu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Siavash K Kurdistani
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Timothy R Donahue
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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21
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Ogata T, Nakamura M, Sang M, Yoda H, Hiraoka K, Yin D, Sang M, Shimozato O, Ozaki T. Depletion of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) enhances SAHA sensitivity of p53-mutated pancreatic cancer cells through the regulation of mutant p53 and TAp63. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179884. [PMID: 28671946 PMCID: PMC5495219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) represents one of the new class of anti-cancer drugs. However, multiple lines of clinical evidence indicate that SAHA might be sometimes ineffective on certain solid tumors including pancreatic cancer. In this study, we have found for the first time that RUNX2/mutant p53/TAp63-regulatory axis has a pivotal role in the determination of SAHA sensitivity of p53-mutated pancreatic cancer MiaPaCa-2 cells. According to our present results, MiaPaCa-2 cells responded poorly to SAHA. Forced depletion of mutant p53 stimulated SAHA-mediated cell death of MiaPaCa-2 cells, which was accomapanied by a further accumulation of γH2AX and cleaved PARP. Under these experimental conditions, pro-oncogenic RUNX2 was strongly down-regulated in mutant p53-depleted MiaPaCa-2 cells. Surprisingly, RUNX2 silencing augmented SAHA-dependent cell death of MiaPaCa-2 cells and caused a significant reduction of mutant p53. Consistent with these observations, overexpression of RUNX2 in MiaPaCa-2 cells restored SAHA-mediated decrease in cell viability and increased the amount of mutant p53. Thus, it is suggestive that there exists a positive auto-regulatory loop between RUNX2 and mutant p53, which might amplify their pro-oncogenic signals. Intriguingly, knockdown of mutant p53 or RUNX2 potentiated SAHA-induced up-regulation of TAp63. Indeed, SAHA-stimulated cell death of MiaPaCa-2 cells was partially attenuated by p63 depletion. Collectively, our present observations strongly suggest that RUNX2/mutant p53/TAp63-regulatory axis is one of the key determinants of SAHA sensitivity of p53-mutated pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Ogata
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mizuyo Nakamura
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Meijie Sang
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoda
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiriko Hiraoka
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Danjing Yin
- Research Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Mexiang Sang
- Research Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Osamu Shimozato
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinori Ozaki
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Signaling, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
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22
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Zhang H, Shang YP, Chen HY, Li J. Histone deacetylases function as novel potential therapeutic targets for cancer. Hepatol Res 2017; 47:149-159. [PMID: 27457249 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diverse cellular functions, including tumor suppressor gene expression, DNA repair, cell proliferation and apoptosis, are regulated by histone acetylation and deacetylation. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes involved in remodeling of chromatin by deacetylating the lysine residues. They play a pivotal role in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Dysregulation of HDACs and aberrant chromatin acetylation and deacetylation have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer. Histone deacetylases have become a target for the development of drugs for treating cancer because of their major contribution to oncogenic cell transformation. Overexpression of HDACs correlates with tumorigenesis. Previous work showed that inhibition of HDACs results in apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in multiple cells. A significant number of HDAC inhibitors have been developed in the past decade. These inhibitors have strong anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo, inducing growth arrest, differentiation, and programmed cell death, inhibiting cell migration, invasion, and metastasis, and suppressing angiogenesis. In addition, HDAC-mediated deacetylation alters the transcriptional activity of nuclear transcription factors, including p53, E2F, c-Myc, and nuclear factor-κB, as well as the extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Notch, and Wnt signaling pathways. This review highlights the role of HDACs in cancer pathogenesis and, more importantly, that HDACs are potential novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital and West Branch of Anhui Provincial Hospital
| | - Yu-Ping Shang
- Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital and West Branch of Anhui Provincial Hospital
| | - Hong-Ying Chen
- Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital and West Branch of Anhui Provincial Hospital
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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23
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Yang X, Xu Y, Wang T, Shu D, Guo P, Miskimins K, Qian SY. Inhibition of cancer migration and invasion by knocking down delta-5-desaturase in COX-2 overexpressed cancer cells. Redox Biol 2017; 11:653-662. [PMID: 28157665 PMCID: PMC5288391 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that knockdown of delta-5-desaturase (a key enzyme that converts dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, DGLA, to the downstream ω-6 arachidonic acid) promotes formation of an anti-cancer byproduct 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid from cyclooxygenase (COX)-catalyzed DGLA peroxidation. 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid can exert its growth inhibitory effect on cancer cells (e.g. colon and pancreatic cancer) by serving as a histone deacetylase inhibitor. Since histone deacetylase inhibitors have been well-known to suppress cancer cell migration and invasion, we thus tested whether knockdown of delta-5-desaturase and DGLA treatment could also be used to inhibit cancer migration and invasion of colon cancer and pancreatic cancer cells. Wound healing assay, transwell assay and western blot were used to assess cell migration and invasion as well as the associated molecular mechanisms. Formation of threshold level of 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid was quantified from COX-catalyzed DGLA peroxidation in the cancer cells that overexpress COX-2 and their delta-5-desaturases were knocked down by shRNA transfection. Our results showed that knockdown of delta-5-desaturase along with DGLA supplement not only significantly inhibited cell migration, but also improved the efficacies of 5-flurouracil and gemcitabine, two frontline chemotherapy drugs currently used in the treatment of colon and pancreatic cancer, respectively. The molecular mechanism behind these observations is that 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid inhibits histone deacetylase, resulting in downregulation of cancer metastasis promotors, e.g., MMP-2 and MMP-9 as well as upregulation of cancer metastasis suppressor, e.g. E-cadherin. For the first time, we demonstrated that we could take the advantage of the common phenomenon of COX-2 overexpression in cancers to inhibit cancer cell migration and invasion. With the shifting paradigm of COX-2 cancer biology, our research outcome may provide us a novel cancer treatment strategy. High level of COX-2 could be used to inhibit cancer cell migration and invasion. 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid suppresses cancer migration and invasion via inhibiting HDAC. D5D knockdown and DGLA improves efficacy of chemotherapy to inhibit cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Dan Shu
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Keith Miskimins
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Steven Y Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.
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24
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Modi S, Kir D, Banerjee S, Saluja A. Control of Apoptosis in Treatment and Biology of Pancreatic Cancer. J Cell Biochem 2016. [PMID: 26206252 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is estimated to be the 12th most common cancer in the United States in 2014 and yet this malignancy is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Late detection and resistance to therapy are the major causes for its dismal prognosis. Apoptosis is an actively orchestrated cell death mechanism that serves to maintain tissue homoeostasis. Cancer develops from normal cells by accruing significant changes through one or more mechanisms, leading to DNA damage and mutations, which in a normal cell would induce this programmed cell death pathway. As a result, evasion of apoptosis is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. PDAC is notoriously resistant to apoptosis, thereby explaining its aggressive nature and resistance to conventional treatment modalities. The current review is focus on understanding different intrinsic and extrinsic pathways in pancreatic cancer that may affect apoptosis in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrey Modi
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Devika Kir
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sulagna Banerjee
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ashok Saluja
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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25
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Arlt A, Schäfer H. Investigational histone deacetylase inhibitors for treating pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2016; 25:1251-1254. [PMID: 27666721 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2016.1240167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Arlt
- a Department of Internal Medicine I , Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Signal Transduction, UKSH Campus Kiel , Kiel , Germany
| | - Heiner Schäfer
- b Institute for Experimental Cancer Research , Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, - Christian-Albrechts-University & UKSH Campus Kiel , Kiel , Germany
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Narayanan V, Weekes CD. Molecular therapeutics in pancreas cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 8:366-79. [PMID: 27096032 PMCID: PMC4824715 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v8.i4.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the "precision-medicine" paradigm in oncology has ushered in tremendous improvements in patient outcomes in a wide variety of malignancies. However, pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has remained an obstinate challenge to the oncology community and continues to be associated with a dismal prognosis with 5-year survival rates consistently less than 5%. Cytotoxic chemotherapy with gemcitabine-based regimens has been the cornerstone of treatment in PDAC especially because most patients present with inoperable disease. But in recent years remarkable basic science research has improved our understanding of the molecular and genetic basis of PDAC. Whole genomic analysis has exemplified the genetic heterogeneity of pancreas cancer and has led to ingenious efforts to target oncogenes and their downstream signaling cascades. Novel stromal depletion strategies have been devised based on our enhanced recognition of the complex architecture of the tumor stroma and the various mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment that sustain tumorigenesis. Immunotherapy using vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors has also risen to the forefront of therapeutic strategies against PDAC. Furthermore, adoptive T cell transfer and strategies to target epigenetic regulators are being explored with enthusiasm. This review will focus on the recent advances in molecularly targeted therapies in PDAC and offer future perspectives to tackle this lethal disease.
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27
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Hwang CI, Boj SF, Clevers H, Tuveson DA. Preclinical models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Pathol 2015; 238:197-204. [PMID: 26419819 DOI: 10.1002/path.4651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most difficult human malignancies to treat. The 5-year survival rate of PDA patients is 7% and PDA is predicted to become the second leading cancer-related cause of death in the USA. Despite intensive efforts, the translation of findings in preclinical studies has been ineffective, due partially to the lack of preclinical models that faithfully recapitulate features of human PDA. Here, we review current preclinical models for human PDA (eg human PDA cell lines, cell line-based xenografts and patient-derived tumour xenografts). In addition, we discuss potential applications of the recently developed pancreatic ductal organoids, three-dimensional culture systems and organoid-based xenografts as new preclinical models for PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Il Hwang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.,Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Sylvia F Boj
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), University Medical Centre Utrecht and CancerGenomics.nl, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,foundation Hubrecht Organoid Technology (HUB), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), University Medical Centre Utrecht and CancerGenomics.nl, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - David A Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.,Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.,Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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28
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Giaginis C, Damaskos C, Koutsounas I, Zizi-Serbetzoglou A, Tsoukalas N, Patsouris E, Kouraklis G, Theocharis S. Histone deacetylase (HDAC)-1, -2, -4 and -6 expression in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma: associations with clinicopathological parameters, tumor proliferative capacity and patients' survival. BMC Gastroenterol 2015; 15:148. [PMID: 26502922 PMCID: PMC4621854 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-015-0379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been associated with malignant tumor development and progression in humans. HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) are currently being explored as anti-cancer agents in clinical trials. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of HDAC-1, −2, −4 and −6 protein expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods HDAC-1, −2, −4 and −6 protein expression was assessed immunohistochemically on 70 pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue specimens and was statistically analyzed with clinicopathological characteristics and patients’ survival. Results Enhanced HDAC-1 expression was significantly associated with increased tumor proliferative capacity (p = 0.0238) and borderline with the absence of lymph node metastases (p = 0.0632). Elevated HDAC-4 expression was significantly associated with the absence of organ metastases (p = 0.0453) and borderline with the absence of lymph node metastases (p = 0.0571) and tumor proliferative capacity (p = 0.0576). Enhanced HDAC-6 expression was significantly associated with earlier histopathological stage (p = 0.0115) and borderline with smaller tumor size (p = 0.0864). Pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with enhanced HDAC-1 and −6 expression showed significantly longer survival times compared to those with low expression (p = 0.0022 and p = 0.0113, respectively), while a borderline association concerning HDAC-2 expression was noted (p = 0.0634). Conclusions The present study suggested that HDACs may be implicated in pancreatic malignant disease progression, being considered of clinical utility with potential use as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Giaginis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. .,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, Mitropoliti Ioakeim 2, 81400, Myrina, Limnos, Greece.
| | - Christos Damaskos
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Koutsounas
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nicolaos Tsoukalas
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Patsouris
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gregorios Kouraklis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Kusaczuk M, Krętowski R, Bartoszewicz M, Cechowska-Pasko M. Phenylbutyrate-a pan-HDAC inhibitor-suppresses proliferation of glioblastoma LN-229 cell line. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:931-42. [PMID: 26260271 PMCID: PMC4841856 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3781-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylbutyrate (PBA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor known for inducing differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in various cancer cells. However, the effects of PBA seem to be very cell-type-specific and sometimes limited exclusively to a particular cell line. Here, we provided novel information concerning cellular effects of PBA in LN-229 and LN-18 glioblastoma cell lines which have not been previously evaluated in context of PBA exposure. We found that LN-18 cells were PBA-insensitive even at high concentrations of PBA. In contrary, in LN-229 cells, 5 and 15 mmol/L PBA inhibited cell growth and proliferation mainly by causing prominent changes in cell morphology and promoting S- and G2/M-dependent cell cycle arrest. Moreover, we observed nearly a 3-fold increase in apoptosis of LN-229 cells treated with 15 mmol/L PBA, in comparison to control. Furthermore, PBA was found to up-regulate the expression of p21 whereas p53 expression level remained unchanged. We also showed that PBA down-regulated the expression of the anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2/Bcl-XL, however without affecting the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and Bim. Taken together, our results suggest that PBA might potentially be considered as an agent slowing-down the progress of glioblastoma; however, further analyses are still needed to comprehensively resolve the nature of its activity in this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kusaczuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Rafał Krętowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marek Bartoszewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marzanna Cechowska-Pasko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222, Białystok, Poland
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30
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Chiorean EG, Coveler AL. Pancreatic cancer: optimizing treatment options, new, and emerging targeted therapies. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:3529-45. [PMID: 26185420 PMCID: PMC4500614 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s60328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the US and is expected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the next decade. Despite 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin with irinotecan and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) and gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel significantly improving outcomes for metastatic cancer, refractory disease still poses significant challenges. Difficulties with early detection and the inherent chemo- and radio-resistant nature of this malignancy led to attempts to define the sequential biology of pancreatic cancer in order to improve survival outcomes. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is characterized by several germline or acquired genetic mutations, the most common being KRAS (90%), CDK2NA (90%), TP53 (75%-90%), DPC4/SMAD4 (50%). In addition, the tumor microenvironment, chemoresistant cancer stem cells, and the desmoplastic stroma have been the target of some promising clinical investigations. Among the core pathways reproducibly shown to lead the development and progression of this disease, DNA repair, apoptosis, G1/S cell cycle transition, KRAS, Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog, TGF-beta, and other cell invasion pathways, have been the target of "precision therapeutics". No single molecularly targeted therapeutic though has been uniformly successful, probably due to the tumor heterogeneity, but biomarker research is evolving and it hopes to select more patients likely to benefit. Recent reports note activity with immunotherapies such as CD40 agonists, CCR2 inhibitors, cancer vaccines, and novel combinations against the immunosuppressive tumor milieu are ongoing. While many obstacles still exist, clearly we are making progress in deciphering the heterogeneity within pancreatic cancers. Integrating conventional and immunological targeting will be the key to effective treatment of this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew L Coveler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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31
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Bauden M, Tassidis H, Ansari D. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of HDAC inhibitor Apicidin in pancreatic carcinoma cells subsequent time and dose dependent treatment. Toxicol Lett 2015; 236:8-15. [PMID: 25917448 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Apicidin is a potent histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI) that selectively binds to histone deacetylases (HDACs) class I and interferes with the deacetylation process, which results in modification of acetylation level of cellular proteins. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential time and dose dependent cytotoxicity of the test compound, Apicidin, in pancreatic cancer cells Capan-1 and Panc-1 as well as estimate maximal tolerable dose (MTD) of the test agent and determine EC50 using four complementary colorimetric cytotoxicity or viability assays. The cells were treated with increasing concentrations of Apicidin (0-5000nM) for 2, 4 and 6h (short term exposure) or 24, 48 and 72h (long term exposure) before conducting cytotoxic analyses with lactate dehydrogenase assay or viability analyses with sulforhodamine B (SRB), methyl tetrazolium (MTT) and crystal violet (CV) assays. In order to investigate whether Apicidin irreversibly affects the cells already during the short term exposure, the medium containing Apicidin was removed and replaced with fresh culturing medium after 6h of treatment. The cells were then incubated for additional 24, 48 or 72h before carrying out the analysis. The results obtained from cytotoxicity and viability assays indicated, that Apicidin was well tolerated by both cell lines at concentrations below 100nM at any given time point and at all applied concentrations during the short term (6h or less) treatment. Continuous prolonged term exposures (48h or greater) of the cells to Apicidin with concentration exceeding 100nM resulted in significantly increasing cytotoxicity and sustained significant loss of cell viability. Moreover, long term exposure of pancreatic cancer cells Capan-1 and Panc-1 to Apicidin concentrations exceeding 100nM showed an initial anti-proliferative effect before cytotoxicity onset. In summary, MTD was exposure time dependent and estimated to 100nM for long term treatment and to at least 5000nM for treatment not greater than 6h. EC50 concentration of Apicidin was established after long term treatment, however with some variation when comparing the different assays and cell lines. Results from this study may encourage reinvestigating the capacity of potent HDACI Apicidin as an attractive agent for interfering with the deacetylation process catalyzed by HDACs for potential pancreatic cancer intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bauden
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Helena Tassidis
- Division of Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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Targeting pancreatic cancer cells by a novel hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor ST-3595. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:9015-22. [PMID: 26084607 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3537-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we tested the potential anti-pancreatic cancer activity of a novel hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor ST-3595. We showed that ST-3595 exerted potent anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activities against both established pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC-1, AsPC-1, and Mia-PaCa-2), and patient-derived primary cancer cells. It was, however, generally safe to non-cancerous pancreatic epithelial HPDE6c7 cells. ST-3595-induced cytotoxicity to pancreatic cancer cells was associated with significant apoptosis activation. Reversely, the pan caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk and the caspase-8 inhibitor z-ITED-fmk alleviated ST-3595-mediated anti-pancreatic cancer activity in vitro. For the mechanism study, ST-3595 inhibited HDAC activity, and induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening in pancreatic cancer cells. Inhibition of MPTP, by cyclosporin A, sanglifehrin A, or by cyclophilin-D (Cyp-D) siRNA knockdown, dramatically inhibited ST-3595-induced pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, we found that a low concentration of ST-3595 dramatically sensitized gemcitabine-induced anti-pancreatic cancer cell activity in vitro. In vivo, ST-3595 oral administration inhibited PANC-1 xenograft growth in nude mice, and this activity was further enhanced when in combination with gemcitabine. In summary, the results of this study suggest that targeting HDACs by ST-3595 might represent as a novel and promising anti-pancreatic cancer strategy.
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34
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Sharma S, Ahmad M, Bhat JA, Kumar A, Kumar M, Zargar MA, Hamid A, Shah BA. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of β-boswellic acid based HDAC inhibitors as inducers of cancer cell death. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4729-4734. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Tasoulas J, Giaginis C, Patsouris E, Manolis E, Theocharis S. Histone deacetylase inhibitors in oral squamous cell carcinoma treatment. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014; 24:69-78. [PMID: 25216628 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2014.952368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The involvement of the histone deacetylases (HDACs) family in tumor development and progression is well demonstrated. HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) constitute a novel, heterogeneous family of highly selective anticancer agents that inhibit HDACs and present significant antitumor activity in several human malignancies, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Areas covered: This review summarizes the current research on the anticancer activity of HDACis against OSCC. The review also presents the molecular mechanisms of HDACis action and the existing studies evaluating their utilization in combined therapies of OSCC. Expert opinion: The currently available data support evidence that HDACis may provide new therapeutic options against OSCC, decreasing treatment side effects and allowing a more conservative therapeutic approach. Future research should be focused on in vivo and clinical evaluation of their utilization as combined therapies or monotherapies. Before HDACis can be brought into clinical practice as treatment options for OSCC, further evaluation is needed to determine their optimal dosage, the appropriate duration of treatment and whether they should be used in combination or as stand-alone therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tasoulas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, First Department of Pathology , Athens , Greece
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36
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Samore WR, Gondi CS. Brief overview of selected approaches in targeting pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014; 23:793-807. [PMID: 24673265 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2014.902933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has the worst prognosis of any major malignancy, with 5-year survival painfully inadequate at under 5%. Investigators have struggled to target and exploit PDAC unique biology, failing to bring meaningful results from bench to bedside. Nonetheless, in recent years, several promising targets have emerged. AREAS COVERED This review will discuss novel drug approaches in development for use in PDAC. The authors examine the continued efforts to target Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRas), which have recently been successfully abated using novel small interfering RNA (siRNA) eluting devices. The authors also discuss other targets relevant to PDAC including those downstream of mutated KRas, such as MAPK kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. EXPERT OPINION Although studies into novel biomarkers and advanced imaging have highlighted the potential new avenues toward discovering localized tumors earlier, the current therapeutic options highlight the fact that PDAC is a highly metastatic and chemoresistant cancer that often must be fought with virulent, systemic therapies. Several newer approaches, including siRNA targeting of mutated KRas and enzymatic depletion of hyaluronan with PEGylated hyaluronidase are particularly exciting given their early stage results. Further research should help in elucidating their potential impact as therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley R Samore
- M3 student, University of Illinois College of Medicine , One Illini Drive Peoria, IL 61605 , USA
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Subramaniam D, Thombre R, Dhar A, Anant S. DNA methyltransferases: a novel target for prevention and therapy. Front Oncol 2014; 4:80. [PMID: 24822169 PMCID: PMC4013461 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in US. Despite the emergence of new, targeted agents, and the use of various therapeutic combinations, none of the available treatment options are curative in patients with advanced cancer. Epigenetic alterations are increasingly recognized as valuable targets for the development of cancer therapies. DNA methylation at the 5-position of cytosine, catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), is the predominant epigenetic modification in mammals. DNMT1, the major enzyme responsible for maintenance of the DNA methylation pattern is located at the replication fork and methylates newly biosynthesized DNA. DNMT2 or TRDMT1, the smallest mammalian DNMT is believed to participate in the recognition of DNA damage, DNA recombination, and mutation repair. It is composed solely of the C-terminal domain, and does not possess the regulatory N-terminal region. The levels of DNMTs, especially those of DNMT3B, DNMT3A, and DNMT3L, are often increased in various cancer tissues and cell lines, which may partially account for the hypermethylation of promoter CpG-rich regions of tumor suppressor genes in a variety of malignancies. Moreover, it has been shown to function in self-renewal and maintenance of colon cancer stem cells and need to be studied in several cancers. Inhibition of DNMTs has demonstrated reduction in tumor formation in part through the increased expression of tumor suppressor genes. Hence, DNMTs can potentially be used as anti-cancer targets. Dietary phytochemicals also inhibit DNMTs and cancer stem cells; this represents a promising approach for the prevention and treatment of many cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmalingam Subramaniam
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City, KS , USA ; The University of Kansas Cancer Center , Kansas City, KS , USA
| | - Ravi Thombre
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City, KS , USA
| | - Animesh Dhar
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center , Kansas City, KS , USA ; Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City, KS , USA
| | - Shrikant Anant
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City, KS , USA ; The University of Kansas Cancer Center , Kansas City, KS , USA ; Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City, KS , USA
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Adhami F, Safavi M, Ehsani M, Ardestani SK, Emmerling F, Simyari F. Synthesis, crystal structure, and cytotoxic activity of novel cyclic systems in [1,2,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine benzamide derivatives and their copper(II) complexes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:7945-57. [PMID: 24715093 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52905c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Three N-(pyridine-2-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of potassium thiocyanate, benzoyl chloride, and 2-amino pyridine derivatives in one pot. The obtained derivatives were oxidized using copper(ii) chloride. During the oxidation, two hydrogen atoms were removed, cyclization of the derivatives occurred, and finally, three new N-(2H-[1,2,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine-2-ylidene)benzamide derivatives were produced. Coordination of these three new derivative ligands to the copper(II) ion resulted in the formation of three new complexes: dichlorobis(N-(2H-[1,2,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine-2-ylidene)benzamide)copper(II), dichlorobis(N-(7-methyl-2H-[1,2,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine-2ylidene)benzamide)copper(II), and dichlorobis(N-(5-methyl-2H-[1,2,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine-2-ylidene)benzamide)copper(II). All the synthesized products were characterized by IR, (1)H NMR, and (13)C NMR spectroscopies. Crystal structures of the obtained N-(pyridine-2-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide derivatives, N-(2H-[1,2,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine-2-ylidene)benzamide derivatives, and complexes were determined using X-ray single-crystal diffraction; the positions of atoms, bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles were also determined. In all complexes, the coordination of two large monodentate ligands and two chloride anions to the copper(ii) ion resulted in the formation of a stable planar geometry around the central ion. Three N-(pyridine-2-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide derivatives, three N-(2H-[1,2,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine-2-ylidene)benzamide derivatives, and three complexes were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines (breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-MC, prostate adenocarcinoma cell line LNCap, nasopharyngeal epidermoid carcinoma cell line KB, and liver cancer cell line HEPG-2) using an in vitro analysis. The N-(pyridine-2-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide derivatives showed no cytotoxic activity, whereas the N-(2H-[1,2,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine-2-ylidene)benzamide derivatives and their complexes showed significant cytotoxicity, especially against MDA-MB-231 and LNCap cell lines. The complexes demonstrated smaller IC50 values than N-(2H-[1,2,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine-2-ylidene)benzamide derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forogh Adhami
- Department of Chemistry, Shahr-ray Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 18155-144, Tehran, Iran.
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Jafary H, Ahmadian S, Soleimani M. Synergistic anticancer activity of valproate combined with nicotinamide enhances anti-proliferation response and apoptosis in MIAPaca2 cells. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:3801-12. [PMID: 24595447 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase is strongly associated with epigenetic regulation and carcinogenesis, and its inhibitors can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of the cancer cells. In this study we aimed to examine the antiproliferative effects a combination of the valproate with nicotinamide in MIAPaca2 cell line. We revealed that valproate acted in a synergistic/additive with nicotinamide to inhibit the proliferation and induction of apoptosis in MIAPaca2 cancer cell line. MIAPaca2 was treated with various concentrations of valproate. The MTT assay and colony formation in soft agar indicated that valproate at 0.5 mM, when used alone weakly, suppressed proliferation of cells (37 ± 3.02%) whereas the combination treatment of valproate + nicotinamide significantly suppressed cell proliferation (58 ± 3.5%). The effect of nicotinamide at 25 mM on cell proliferation and cell colonization induced 50% apoptosis of MIAPaca2 cells. To identify the anti-proliferation and apoptotic effects of valproate and nicotinamide we performed flow cytometric and microscopic analyses. The results indicated significant apoptosis induction and nuclear morphological alterations greater than when valproate was used alone. Furthermore, western blot analyses was performed to study the role of acetyl-histone H3 levels, and quantitative RNA expression analyses were performed on expression of thrombospondin (TSP) and maspin genes in MIAPaca2. We found that the combination treatment of valproate + nicotinamide enhanced the expression of maspin and TSP genes and the biological response of the cell line was correlated with the increase of histone H3 acetylation after nicotinamide and valproate application. Together our findings indicate that valproate which act as inhibitor of cell proliferation and inducer of apoptosis in human cancer MIAPaca2 cells when used in combination with nicotinamide makes it a potentially good candidate for new anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Jafary
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, Tehran, Iran
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Feng W, Zhang B, Cai D, Zou X. Therapeutic potential of histone deacetylase inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2014; 347:183-90. [PMID: 24534202 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with a dismal prognosis. Surgical resection is the only curative option but is heavily hampered by delayed diagnosis. Due to few therapeutic treatments available, novel and efficacious therapy is urgently needed. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) are emerging as a prominent class of therapeutic agents for pancreatic cancer and have exhibited significant anticancer potential with negligible toxicity in preclinical studies. Clinical evaluations of HDACIs are currently underway. HDACIs as monotherapy in solid tumors have proven less effective than hematological malignancies, the combination of HDACIs with other anticancer agents have been assessed for advanced pancreatic cancer. In this review, we describe the molecular mechanism underpin the anticancer effect of HDACIs in pancreatic cancer and summarize the recent advances in the rationale for the combination strategies incorporating HDACIs. In addition, we discuss the importance of identifying predictors of response to HDACI-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Dawei Cai
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
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van Kampen JGM, Marijnissen-van Zanten MAJ, Simmer F, van der Graaf WTA, Ligtenberg MJL, Nagtegaal ID. Epigenetic targeting in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2014; 40:656-64. [PMID: 24433955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients is very poor, with a 5-year survival of less than 6%. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic options in pancreatic cancer. In the past years it became evident that deregulation of epigenetic mechanisms plays an important role in pancreatic carcinogenesis. This review focuses on the exploitation of drugs that alter histone modifications, DNA methylation and microRNA expression as options for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmijn G M van Kampen
- Department of Pathology 824, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Urology 267, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Femke Simmer
- Department of Pathology 824, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Winette T A van der Graaf
- Department of Medical Oncology 452, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Marjolijn J L Ligtenberg
- Department of Pathology 824, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics 855, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Iris D Nagtegaal
- Department of Pathology 824, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Jafary H, Ahmadian S, Soleimani M. The enhanced apoptosis and antiproliferative response to combined treatment with valproate and nicotinamide in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:2701-10. [PMID: 24213853 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1356-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylation of histone is a major player in epigenetic modifications, resulting in open chromatin structures and, hence, permissive conditions for transcription-factor recruitment to the promoters, followed by initiation of transcription. Histone deacetylase inhibitors arrest cancer cell growth and cause apoptosis with low toxicity thereby constituting a promising treatment for cancer. In this study, we examined the antiproliferative effects of valproate with a combination of nicotinamide in the MCF-7 cell line. MCF-7 was treated with various concentrations of valproate. The MTT assay showed that the viability of MCF-7 cells was inhibited and the cell activity was decreased. Viability percent of valproate and nicotinamide combined treatment cells (28 ± 2) was 1.78 times increased compared with the valproate-alone (0.5 mM) treated cells (50 ± 2). Colony formation in soft agar indicated that valproate at 0.3 mM, when used alone, weakly suppressed proliferation of cells (82 ± 3) and the combination treatment of valproate + nicotinamide strongly suppressed cell proliferation (51 ± 3). The flow cytometric and microscopic analyses of HDACI combined with treated cells indicated strong apoptosis induction and nuclear morphological alterations greater than those of valproate alone. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis confirmed the efficiency of the HDAC inhibitor combination, revealing the effectively upregulated p16 and p21. Furthermore, to investigate the role of acetyl-histone H3 levels, western blot analyses have been performed and high levels of acetylated histone H3 were detected in valproate- and nicotinamide-treated cells. These results suggest that the combination treatment of valproate with nicotinamide exerts significant antitumor activity and could be a promising therapeutic candidate to treat human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Jafary
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, Tehran, Iran
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