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Erfan R, Shaker OG, Khalil MAF, Mahmoud FAM, Gomaa MS, Abu-El-Azayem AK, Zaki OM, Ahmed AM, Samy A, Mohammed A. Circulating miR-199a and long noncoding-RNA ANRIL as Promising Diagnostic Biomarkers for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:1500-1509. [PMID: 38190238 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), involving both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), represents a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease due to an uncontrolled, ongoing inflammatory response to intestinal bacteria in those with genetic susceptibility. MicroRNA (miRNA) extrusion from relevant remote organs or tissues is reflected in the expression of miRNAs in serum and plasma. Both UC and CD patients had higher blood levels of expressed miR-199a. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) ANRIL is a proinflammatory gene that mediates nuclear factor κB to play a role in inflammatory diseases, such as IBD. The aim of the current study is to investigate the potential role of both miR-199a and ANRIL in diagnosing IBD in adult patients. METHODS Sixty-seven IBD patients diagnosed clinically, radiologically, endoscopically, and histologically were included in this prospective cohort study. Participants were classified into 3 groups: the UC group (n = 35), the CD group (n = 32), and the control group (n = 30). Demographics, history taking, laboratory characteristics, and treatments were recorded. Tumor necrosis factor α, miR-199a, and ANRIL were measured. RESULTS The findings suggested that miR-199a and ANRIL might be associated with the occurrence or progression of IBD because both genes were substantially expressed in the peripheral blood of patients with this condition. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the detection of miR-199a and ANRIL had a predictive sensitivity of 62.9% and 88.6% and a specificity of 70.7% and 96.7% for the occurrence of UC cases, respectively, and a predictive sensitivity of 72.4% and 46.9% and a specificity of 96.7% and 34.7% for the occurrence of CD cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Both miR-199a and ANRIL are abundant in the sera of IBD adult Egyptian patients (UC and CD). Both can represent a noninvasive marker for early disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Erfan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Olfat G Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A F Khalil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Fatma A M Mahmoud
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Gomaa
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Abeer K Abu-El-Azayem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Othman M Zaki
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Azza M Ahmed
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Amira Samy
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Mohammed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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Alsakarneh S, Ahmed M, Jaber F, Abuassi M, Mourad FH, Francis FF, Barada K, Tfayli R, Al-Bawardy B, Farraye FA, Hashash JG. Inflammatory bowel disease burden in the Middle East and North Africa Region: a comprehensive analysis of incidence, prevalence, and mortality from 1990-2019. Ann Gastroenterol 2024; 37:527-535. [PMID: 39238799 PMCID: PMC11372542 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2024.0909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has changed rapidly in recent years. Objective data concerning the IBD burden in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is limited. We aimed to provide a systematic report on the IBD burden in the MENA region. Additionally, we aimed to study the age- and sex-specific trends in IBD incidence, prevalence and mortality rates from 1990-2019. Methods Using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 Study Database, we investigated the changes in incidence, prevalence and mortality rate, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), at a regional and country level between 1990 and 2019. Results In 2019, there were 282,534 cases (95% confidence interval [CI] 239,506-334,478) of IBD in the MENA region (50.5% male). There was an overall increase in the incidence and prevalence rates of IBD in the MENA region from 1990 to 2019, while a simultaneous decrease in overall mortality rates was identified. Incidence rates were highest in Jordan, at 6.9 (95%CI 5.8-8.1) per 100,000, and lowest in Morocco, at 1.6 (95%CI 1.4-2) per 100,000. From 1990-2019, the incidence was found increased in males at a higher rate than in females. The age-standardized mortality rate decreased for both sexes by 24% from 1990-2019. Conclusion The trends and geographic variations in IBD within the MENA region provide policymakers with vital information for making informed decisions in policy, research, and investment, thereby enabling the development of more effective strategies and better allocation of resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqr Alsakarneh
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA (Saqr Alsakarneh, Fouad Jaber)
| | - Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA (Mohamed Ahmed)
| | - Fouad Jaber
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA (Saqr Alsakarneh, Fouad Jaber)
| | - Mohammad Abuassi
- Department of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA (Mohammad Abuassi)
| | - Fadi H Mourad
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon (Fadi H. Mourad, Kassem Barada, Rami Tfayli)
| | - Fadi F Francis
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (Fadi F. Francis)
| | - Kassem Barada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon (Fadi H. Mourad, Kassem Barada, Rami Tfayli)
| | - Rami Tfayli
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon (Fadi H. Mourad, Kassem Barada, Rami Tfayli)
| | - Badr Al-Bawardy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Badr Al-Bawardy)
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Badr Al-Bawardy)
- Department of Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine New Haven, CT, USA (Badr Al-Bawardy)
| | - Francis A Farraye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA (Francis A. Farraye, Jana G. Hashash)
| | - Jana G Hashash
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA (Francis A. Farraye, Jana G. Hashash)
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Ali MA, Shaker OG, Gomaa Ali ES, Ezzat EM, Khalifa AA, Hassan EA, Habib MA, Ahmed HM, Dawood AF, Mohamed EA. Expression profile of serum LncRNAs MALAT-1 and CCAT-1 and their correlation with Mayo severity score in ulcerative colitis patients can diagnose and predict the prognosis of the disease. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:318-329. [PMID: 38505308 PMCID: PMC10945117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) has emerged as an accelerated-incidence chronic condition. UC has been identified as a precancerous lesion for colorectal cancer. Up-to-date genomic research revealed the value of many noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in UC pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis. Aim The present study was aimed at measuring both MALAT-1 and CCAT-1 in the sera of UC patients as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and correlating them with the Mayo score which is a novel predictive indicator of malignant transformation as well as with clinicopathological characteristics of the disease. Patients and methods Sixty-six UC patients and 80 healthy individuals participated in this study, the serum fold changes of MALAT-1 and CCAT-1 were measured by using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results The current study findings include overexpressed lncRNAs MALAT-1 and CCAT-1 in the sera of ulcerative colitis patients [(median (IQR) = 2.290 (0.16-9.36), mean ± SD = 3.37 ± 3.904 for MALAT-1, and median (IQR) = 7.305 (0.57-16.96), mean ± SD = 6.81 ± 4.002 for CCAT-1 than controls, ROC curve analysis reported that these genes could predict UC. Both genes were positively correlated with each other which enforces their synergistic effects. Both genes are diagnostic for UC patients.We related studied genes to the severity of the disease. In addition to a significant positive correlation between each gene with ESR and Mayo score, we further classified the patients according to severity (according to Mayo score to remission, mild, moderate, and severe groups) with the following results; lower levels of MALAT-1 and CCAT-1 were significantly associated with mild disease and increased gradually with more severe forms of the disease (p < 0.05). Linear regression analysis with Mayo Score as a dependent variable revealed that only the predictive power of CCAT-1 and ESR are significant. Moreover, ROC curve analysis when compared to that of the Mayo score revealed that CCAT-1 reached 99 % accuracy. In summary, both genes are prognostic factors for UC patients. Conclusion MALAT-1 and CCAT-1 are diagnostic and prognostic serum biomarkers of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A. Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Olfat G. Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - El Shimaa Gomaa Ali
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Eman M. Ezzat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Abeer A. Khalifa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Essam A. Hassan
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Marwa A. Habib
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Heba Mostafa Ahmed
- Department Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F.A. Dawood
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Esam Ali Mohamed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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Sanat ZM, Vahedi H, Malekzadeh R, Fanni Z. Epidemiologic profile of inflammatory bowel disease in Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1395. [PMID: 38789987 PMCID: PMC11127456 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) consists of two main types: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The epidemiology of IBD patients has not been comprehensively studied in EMRO countries; therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to study the epidemiology of this disease in these countries. METHODS We searched four international databases, namely Scopus, Web of Knowledge (ISI), Medline/PubMed, and ProQuest, from inception up to the end of May 2023. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline was used to carry out this systematic review and meta-analysis investigation. Using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist, the quality of the selected papers was assessed. RESULTS Based on the results of this study, the incidence of UC in EMRO countries was 2.65 per 100,000 (95% CI: 1.39-3.90), and the incidence of CD was 1.16 per 100,000 (95% CI: 0.73-1.59). The most commonly involved intestinal segment in CD was the terminal ileum (44.7%, 95% CI: 34.7-55.2), followed by the ileum (29.8%, 95% CI: 22.2-38.6), and colon (18.7%, 95% CI: 10.8-30.4). However, in UC patients, extensive colitis was the most common finding (32.3%, 95% CI: 26.4-38.8), followed by proctosigmoiditis (27.9%, 95% CI: 21.1-35.8), left-sided colitis (27.4%, 95% CI: 22.7-32.7), and proctitis (22.6%, 95% CI: 17.5-28.5). CONCLUSION As a result, we were able to establish the traits of IBD patients in EMRO nations. UC patients had a higher incidence than CD patients. The most common regions of involvement in CD and UC patients, respectively, were the colon and pancolitis. Compared to UC patients, CD patients had a higher history of appendectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Momayez Sanat
- Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homayoon Vahedi
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Fanni
- Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Marzaban R, Mohamed Samy R, Ahmed Kassem M, Atef M. Multidrug resistance Gene-1 polymorphisms (C3435T and G2677T) and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease in Egyptian patients. Arab J Gastroenterol 2024:S1687-1979(23)00118-1. [PMID: 38413324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS The multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene is a gene involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).The aim of the study is to investigate the association of MDR-1 gene polymorphisms (C2345T and G2677T) and IBD incidence in Egyptian patients, and its relation with disease severity. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a case-control study where genotyping of MDR-1 gene C3435T and G2677T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were assayed. RESULTS Forty naïve IBD patients, who were composed of 25 UC and 15CD, were compared to 60 healthy controls. They were young aged with significant female predominance, particularly in CD (P = 0.004). UC was mainly (48 %) presented in moderate severity while CD was mainly (53.3 %) presented with mild severity. MDR-1 gene C3435T SNP was not statistically related to IBD, whether in terms of genotypes or alleles, yet its T allele was significantly related to moderate cases of UC (P = 0.014). However, GG genotype of G2677T SNP was significantly low in IBD (P = 0.013), while TT genotype and T allele were significantly related to CD (P = 0.011, and 0.012 respectively). Moreover, G allele proved to be associated significantly with moderate cases of UC (P = 0.001) and mild cases of CD (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS MDR-I gene G2677T SNP GG genotype proved to be protective against IBD, thus may be considered in diagnostic workup of IBD including its severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghda Marzaban
- Endemic Medicine Department-Faculty of Medicine-Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Rania Mohamed Samy
- Clinical pathology department-Faculty of Medicine-Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mona Ahmed Kassem
- Department of Hepatology-Students᾿ hospital-Ministry of Health, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mira Atef
- Endemic Medicine Department-Faculty of Medicine-Cairo University, Egypt.
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Abdelazim SA, Shaker OG, Ali O, El-Tawil M, Senousy MA. Differential expression of serum miR-486 and miR-25 in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease: Correlations with disease activity, extent, and location. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 252:154910. [PMID: 37939427 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Novel reliable biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are clinically imperative due to potential limitations of endoscopic techniques. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as non-invasive biomarkers of IBD; however, the full disease-specific miRNAs signature for IBD subtypes remains elusive. We evaluated the diagnostic role of circulating miR-486 and miR-25 in IBD patients and their potential ability to discriminate IBD subtypes; ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Sixty UC patients, 60 CD patients, and 60 healthy controls were recruited. Serum miRNA expression was determined using RT-qPCR. Bioinformatics was employed for target gene and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses. Serum miR-486 was upregulated in CD patients, but didn't change in UC patients compared to controls. Conversely, serum miR-25 was decreased in both CD and UC patients compared to controls. Only miR-486 was differentially expressed between UC and CD patients. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis revealed that serum miR-486 was superior in CD diagnosis (AUC=0.945) and significantly distinguished CD and UC patients, whereas miR-25 showed discriminative potential for both UC and CD from controls. In the multivariate logistic analysis only miR-486 was associated with the risk of CD diagnosis. Serum miR-486 was correlated with CD activity index and location of disease in CD patients, whereas miR-25 was correlated with the type/extent of UC. PPI network analysis revealed common target genes and signaling pathways for both miRNAs. Conclusively, serum miR-486 and miR-25 might serve as new biomarkers of IBD, with serum miR-486 could be employed in risk stratification of IBD subtypes and has the ground for clinical utility in CD diagnosis, whereas miR-25 has potential for UC and CD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy A Abdelazim
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Olfat G Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omaima Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-Kantara Branch, Ismailia 41636, Egypt; General division for Biological Control and Research, Egyptian Drug Authority, Cairo 12618 Egypt
| | - Mai El-Tawil
- Neurology department, Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Senousy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo 11786, Egypt
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Al-Fawzan AA, Al-Radhi SA, Al-Omar AS, Al-Mutiri NH, Al-Ammari AM, El-Gohary M, Shamsan AN, Al Shehri HM, ALGhasab NS. A Study of the Epidemiology, Clinical, and Phenotypic Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Northen-Central Region of Saudi Arabia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2135. [PMID: 37443529 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13132135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is becoming increasingly prevalent in Saudi Arabia. However, there is limited data on the characteristics and manifestations of IBD in this population. This study aimed to establish a multi-center database of patients with IBD in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia to better understand the demographics, prevalence, and manifestations of IBD in this population. METHODS This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with IBD at three healthcare facilities in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. The patient's demographic and clinical characteristics, disease location and behavior, age at diagnosis, medication use, related surgeries, and extraintestinal manifestations were recorded based on the Montreal classification. A total of 257 patients with IBD were included in the study, of which 126 had UC and 131 had CD. RESULTS Of the 257 patients with IBD, 134 (52.2%) were male and 123 (47.8%) were female. The mean age of patients with CD and UC were 28.74 (range 15-67) and 38.79 (range 15-75) years, respectively. There was a significant difference between all age groups (p < 0.005), with more patients aged over 40 years being diagnosed with UC. UC was most commonly classified as left-sided UC (E2) (60; 47.6%), while the most common location of CD was the ileocolon (L3) (76; 58%). Non-stricturing and non-penetrating CD was the most common behavior (B1) (70; 53.8%). Approximately one-third of the patients with Crohn's disease developed perianal disease (70; 27.2%), with fistulizing Crohn's being the most prevalent manifestation (40; 30.5%), followed by abscess formation (10; 7.6%) and fissures (9; 6.8%). The most common extraintestinal manifestation was arthropathy (15; 5.8%). Significant p-values were detected for UC and CD (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS This study provides crucial insights into the demographics, patterns, and manifestations of IBD in Saudi Arabia. The findings highlight the need for improved diagnosis, management, and treatment strategies for IBD in this population. The establishment of a multi-center database will help to facilitate future research and improve patient care in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Al-Fawzan
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Burydah 52366, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman A Al-Radhi
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Burydah 52366, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Al-Omar
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Burydah 52366, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf H Al-Mutiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Burydah 52366, Saudi Arabia
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Burydah 52366, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar M Al-Ammari
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Burydah 52366, Saudi Arabia
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Burydah 52366, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad El-Gohary
- Department of Internal Medicine, Buraydah Central Hospital, Burydah 52361, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal N Shamsan
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud Hospital, Onaizah 56437, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdan M Al Shehri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif S ALGhasab
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, Ha'il University, Ha'il 55476, Saudi Arabia
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Rajbhandari R, Blakemore S, Gupta N, Mannan S, Nikolli K, Yih A, Drown L, Bukhman G. Crohn's Disease Among the Poorest Billion: Burden of Crohn's Disease in Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:1226-1236. [PMID: 36044105 PMCID: PMC10102033 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To establish the epidemiology and patterns of care of Crohn's Disease in low- and lower-middle-income countries. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of gastroenterology providers in countries where the world's poorest billion live was conducted to learn more about the state of diagnostic and treatment capacity for Crohn's. Quantitative data were analyzed in R and Excel. RESULTS A total of 46 survey responses from 15 countries were received, giving a response rate of 54.8%. All responses collected were from providers practicing in Africa and South Asia. The mean number of patients with Crohn's cared for in the last year was 89.5 overall but ranged from 0 reported at one facility in Rwanda to 1000 reported at two different facilities in India. Overall, Crohn's disease made up 20.6% of the inflammatory bowel disease diagnoses reported by survey respondents, with Africa exhibiting a larger proportion of Crohn's compared to ulcerative colitis than Asia. Most providers reported that patients with Crohn's have symptoms for 6-24 months prior to diagnosis and that 26-50% of their patients live in rural areas. The most reported diagnostic challenges are differentiating between Crohn's and intestinal tuberculosis, poor disease awareness, and lack of trained pathologists. The most widely reported challenge in managing Crohn's disease is patients' inability to afford biologics, reported by 65% of providers. CONCLUSION Our study suggests there may be a greater burden of Crohn's disease in low- and lower-middle-income countries than is indicated in prior literature. Respondents reported many challenges in diagnosing and treating Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruma Rajbhandari
- Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02199, USA.
| | - Samantha Blakemore
- Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Neil Gupta
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02199, USA
- Partners in Health, NCD Synergies, Boston, MA, 02199, USA
| | - Sara Mannan
- Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Klejda Nikolli
- Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alison Yih
- Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Laura Drown
- Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Gene Bukhman
- Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02199, USA
- Partners in Health, NCD Synergies, Boston, MA, 02199, USA
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Ali RMM, El Salam AFA, Anwar I, Shehab H, Awadallah MY. Role of MR enterography versus ileo-colonoscopy in the assessment of inflammatory bowel diseases. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2023; 54:17. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-023-00967-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is widespread and rapidly rising in developing countries. It remains a significant issue in Western culture with a prevalence of more than 0.3%. Symptom control has been the only focus of treatment before the discovery that many individuals with IBD continue to have disease activity even in the absence of clinical symptoms. Therefore, treatment goals now include establishing clinical remission, steroid-free remission, and mucosal healing, which may eventually be complemented by transmural healing in cross-sectional imaging modalities. Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE), computed tomography enterography, and small-bowel ultrasound are now reliable methods for staging intramural lesions and extramural consequences in CD and for determining disease activity and severity. Recently literature suggests the incorporation of (MRE) for periodic reevaluation of IBD patients, as it offers small-bowel, colonic, and extra-enteric assessment as well as monitors the response to the anti-inflammatory therapy. The purpose of the current study was to compare MRE with ileo-colonoscopy findings in the diagnosis of IBD features, specifically Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis, as well as in the detection of disease exacerbation (Activity).
Results
This study used MRE and ileo-colonoscopy to assess chronic inflammatory bowel disease patients; the patient population (n = 30) was made up of (14/30, 46.7%) females and (16/30, 53.3%) males, with a mean age of 32 ± SD 13 years. MRE alone detected lymphadenopathy in 73.3% of patients, and mural thickening with a mean of 4.1 ± SD 5.1 mm. It has detected mucosal enhancement with 80% sensitivity and 60% specificity. However, it was unable to detect mucosal erosions or ulceration.
Conclusions
MRE is sensitive, inexpensive, noninvasive, and radiation-free for inflammatory bowel disease detection, with 86.7% diagnostic accuracy for affected areas. Unlike ileo-colonoscopy, it could examine the entire small intestine, precisely measure the affected loop, and detect activity signs such as mural thickening and lymphadenopathy. Only ileo-colonoscopy could detect mucosal degradation and superficial ulcers. IBD treatment protocols should incorporate MRE for small-bowel, colonic, and extra-enteric assessment, monitoring of disease activity, and anti-inflammatory therapy response.
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A descriptive study of inflammatory bowel disease at an Egyptian tertiary care center. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA DE MEXICO (ENGLISH) 2023; 88:12-18. [PMID: 34887218 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic intestinal disorders that trigger prolonged inflammation of the digestive tract. Its incidence and prevalence appear to be increasing in the African population and in Egypt. The present study aims to highlight the pattern and management of IBD in Egyptian patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred patients with IBD were assessed for ulcerative colitis (UC), through the Mayo score, and for Crohn's disease (CD), with the Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI). RESULTS Median patient age was 35 years, with a predominance of females. UC was more common than CD (88% and 12%, respectively) and severity was moderate, in the majority of cases. Most UC patients had left-sided lesions, whereas ileitis was the most common finding (37.5%) in the CD patients. Proctitis was the least common finding in both diseases and Crohn's fistulizing disease was detected in 4.1% of the patients. Interestingly, peripheral arthropathy was the most common extraintestinal manifestation in the IBD patients (70%) and axial arthropathy was the least common (6%). Severe ocular or mucocutaneous involvement was very rare. Finally, biologic treatment was prescribed to 15.4% of the UC patients and 20.8% of the CD patients. CONCLUSIONS Although the clinical presentation of IBD in Egypt is comparable to that reported worldwide, diagnoses were found to be delayed. There were fewer cases of CD than UC, but more mild-to-moderate disease severity. The surveillance of patients with IBD must continue and awareness of the disease in the Egyptian medical community needs to increase. A national registry must be established, multicenter studies need to be conducted, and molecular diagnostics is recommended.
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Fayadh Sameer A, Hassan Barraj A, Jamaal Mahmood H. NOD1/CARD4(G796A) and NOD2/CARD15(R702W, G908R and L1007fsinC) polymorphisms associated with Crohn's disease in Iraqi patients. BIONATURA 2022. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2022.07.03.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) applies to two main forms of chronic relapsing inflammatory intestinal disorders: Crohn's disease (CD), Ulcerative colitis (UC). CD requires an irregular immune reaction that induces intense inflammation. The cause of CD disease is not yet fully known; previous research, however, indicated inflammation of the intestines elevated or continues due to inappropriate immune responses due to associations between genetic factors, intestinal microbiota, and environmental factors contributing to the production of IBD. This study aimed to investigate predisposing genes, single nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15) with CD in Iraqi patients. The common NOD1 (G796A) SNP and NOD2 SNPs R702W, G908R and L1007fsinC for NOD2 SNPs were selected. Thirty Iraqi citizens with a recognized diagnosis of CD and twenty apparently healthy controls were included in the study from November 2019 to December 2020; the common NOD1 and NOD2 polymorphisms have been screened by the polymerase chain reaction/restriction analysis length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP). The results of the current investigation for NOD1 polymorphism in studied patients and controls, the allelic and genotypic data show a highly significant association of G796A SNPs in the NOD1 with Crohn's disease, GA percentage was 56.67% in patients as compared to controls genotype was (0.00%).
Furthermore, the G allele was more common in Crohn's patients than the A allele 0.72 vs. 0.28. Also, the allelic and genotypic frequency distribution of the studied NOD2 SNPs in the current study were (R702W, G908R, and L1007fs) in Iraqi patients, and controls revealed a highly significant connection between the G908R SNP with Crohn's disease susceptibility. The proportion of the genotype GC was 30% in patients while 0% in the control group, the frequency of the G allele was 0.85 vs 0.15 respectively, which was more than the frequency of the A allele. There were no significant changes in genotypic and allelic frequencies of the R702W and L1007fs SNPs in Iraqi Crohn's disease patients. The present study concluded that the NOD1 SNP of allelic and genotypic data show a highly significant association of G796A with a predisposition to Crohn's disease in Iraqi patients. And the NOD2 SNPs of G908R were also revealed to be highly effective. While the other studied SNPs were R702W and L1007fsinsC of NOD2, which showed no significant changes in the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the SNPs with Crohn's disease Iraqi patients.
Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, NOD1/CARD4, NOD2/CARD15, polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hayder Jamaal Mahmood
- Gastroenterologist and Hepatologist, Gastrointestinal of the hospital, City of medicine
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Elbadry M, Nour MO, Hussien M, Ghoneem EA, Medhat MA, Shehab H, Galal S, Eltabbakh M, El-Raey F, Negm M, Afify S, Abdelhamed W, Sherief A, Abdelaziz A, Abo Elkasem M, Mahrous A, Kamal G, Maher M, Abdel-Hameed O, Elbasuny A, El-Zayyadi I, Bassiony A, Moussa A, Bedewy E, Elfert A, El Kassas M. Clinico-Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Egypt: A Nationwide Multicenter Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:867293. [PMID: 35514748 PMCID: PMC9063633 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.867293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and AimsUlcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are the most common types of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with variable responses to traditional therapies and unpredicted prognosis. In Egypt and most developing countries, the lack of recent epidemiological and prognostic data adversely affects management strategies. We collected and analyzed data of patients with IBD from multiple centers across Egypt to evaluate patients' clinical and epidemiological characteristics.MethodsThis retrospective multicenter study included patients diagnosed with IBD between May 2018 and August 2021, at 14 tertiary gastroenterology units across Egypt. Record analysis addressed a combination of clinico-epidemiological characteristics, biochemical tests, stool markers, endoscopic features, histological information, and different lines for IBD treatment.ResultsWe identified 1104 patients with an established diagnosis of IBD; 81% of them had UC, and 19% showed CD. The mean age of onset was 35.1 ± 12.5 years ranging from 5 to 88 years, the mean duration of illness at inclusion was 13.6 ± 16.7 years, gender distribution was almost equal with a significant male dominance (60.4%, p = 0.003) among patients with CD, 57% were living in rural areas, and 70.5% were from Delta and Coastal areas. Two hundred nineteen patients (19.8%) displayed comorbid conditions, primarily associated with CD. The most frequent complaints were diarrhea (73.2%), rectal bleeding (54.6%) that was significantly higher among patients with UC (64%, p < 0.001), and 46.8% with abdominal pain (more often with CD: 71%, p < 0.001). Conventional therapy was effective in treating 94.7% of patients. The main lesion in patients with CD was ileal (47.8%); patients with UC mainly exhibited proctosigmoiditis (28.4%). Dysplasia was detected in 7.2% of patients, mainly subjects with UC.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, our effort is the first and largest cohort of Egyptian patients with IBD to describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics, and diagnostic and management approaches. More extensive prospective studies are still needed to fully characterize disease distribution, environmental factors, and pathological features of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elbadry
- Department of Endemic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed O. Nour
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
- Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hussien
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Awad Ghoneem
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Medhat
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hany Shehab
- Integrated Clinical and Research Center for Intestinal Disorders (ICRID), Department and Endemic Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif Galal
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Eltabbakh
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fathiya El-Raey
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Negm
- Integrated Clinical and Research Center for Intestinal Disorders (ICRID), Department and Endemic Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Afify
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Abdelhamed
- Department Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sherief
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdelaziz
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abo Elkasem
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya Mahrous
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Ghada Kamal
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Maha Maher
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Omar Abdel-Hameed
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abubakr Elbasuny
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Talkha Central Hospital, Talkha, Egypt
| | - Islam El-Zayyadi
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Bassiony
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelmajeed Moussa
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Essam Bedewy
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Asem Elfert
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El Kassas
- Department of Endemic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mohamed El Kassas
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Dual role of melatonin as an anti-colitis and anti-extra intestinal alterations against acetic acid-induced colitis model in rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6344. [PMID: 35428860 PMCID: PMC9012815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The available ulcerative colitis drugs exhibit limited outcomes and adverse side effects. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of melatonin in acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis to establish a possible treatment for colitis and its impacts on vital organs. Following colitis induction (2 ml 5% AA, rectally), rats were orally received melatonin (5 mg/kg) once per day for 6 days after colitis induction. Then, histopathological examination of colon, kidney, liver, and spleen was conducted, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were assessed in colon tissue. Colitis induction in untreated rats caused necrotic effects in colon tissues, a significant increase in colonic IL-1β, TNF-α, MPO, and MDA levels, and a remarkable decrease in GSH and TAC levels in colon tissue in comparison to the control group. Meanwhile, melatonin treatment reversed these parameters by improving the microscopic and macroscopic colitis features and extra-intestinal (kidney, liver, and spleen) changes in all treated rats compared to the colitis control group. These results denote a reduction in colitis severity due to the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of melatonin and its positive impact on the vital organs.
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A decade of inflammatory bowel disease: a single center experience in Egypt. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43162-022-00115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract and includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Inflammatory bowel disease has always seemed to be rare in the Middle East and Northern Africa. In this study, we explored the clinical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease patients in our center.
Methods
This retrospective study was conducted on patients with an established diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease over 10 years from September 2009 to September 2019 who were referred to our inflammatory bowel disease center. Clinical information was obtained from medical records and patient interviews. We included all patients in whom the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease was confirmed by clinical, laboratory, endoscopic, and histological examination over a 10-year period from 2009 to 2019.
Results
Our study had one hundred and sixty-nine inflammatory bowel disease patients; one hundred and thirty-six ulcerative colitis patients and the remaining thirty-three patients had Crohn’s disease. The main presenting symptom was bloody diarrhea (78 patients) representing 46.2% of the patients in our study. The majority of ulcerative colitis patients (55.9%) had moderate disease (Truelove & Witts score), while the majority of Crohn’s disease patients (66.7%) had moderate to severe disease (Crohn’s Disease Activity Index).
Conclusions
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease is still low in Egypt despite the rising curve of newly diagnosed cases.
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Ahmed O, Abdel-Halim M, Farid A, Elamir A. Taurine loaded chitosan-pectin nanoparticle shows curative effect against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 351:109715. [PMID: 34695389 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the poor outcomes and adverse side effects of existing ulcerative colitis drugs, the study aimed to develop an alternative nano-based treatment approach. The study was designed to characterize the in vitro and in vivo properties of taurine, taurine-loaded chitosan pectin nanoparticles (Tau-CS-PT-NPs) and chitosan pectin nanoparticles (CS-PT-NPs) in the therapy of acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis in rats. CS-PT-NPs and Tau-CS-PT-NPs were prepared by ionic gelation method then in vitro characterized, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, encapsulation efficiency (EE), and drug release profile. Following colitis induction, rats were orally administrated with free taurine, Tau-CS-PT-NPs, and CS-PT-NPs once per day for six days. The sizes of Tau-CS-PT-NPs and CS-PT-NPs were 74.17 ± 2.88 nm and 42.22 ± 2.41 nm, respectively. EE was about 69.09 ± 1.58%; furthermore, 60% of taurine was released in 4 h in simulated colon content. AA-induced colitis in untreated rats led to necrosis of colon tissues and a significant increase in interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels associated with a remarkable reduction in glutathione (GSH) level in colon tissue in comparison to control group. Treatment with taurine, Tau-CS-PT-NPs, and CS-PT-NPs partly reversed these effects. The present study demonstrated that the administration of free taurine, CS-PT-NPs, and Tau-CS-PT-NPs exerted beneficial effects in acetic acid-induced colitis by their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The best therapeutic effect was observed in animals treated with taurine-loaded chitosan pectin nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Ahmed
- Zoology Dep., Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Alyaa Farid
- Zoology Dep., Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Azza Elamir
- Zoology Dep., Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentration as a marker of disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 33:e803-e809. [PMID: 34678857 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), determining the appropriate treatment and follow-up of patients rely mainly on endoscopy and biopsy. Finding a sensitive, specific, cost-effective and less-invasive biomarker is the focus of much of the current research in this field. The aim was to investigate the relation between serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels and disease activity in patients with IBD, correlating with clinical and endoscopic indices of disease activity and with treatment received. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty patients (30 with ulcerative colitis, 30 with Crohn's disease) and 20 controls were included. Serum MMP-9 levels were measured for all patients and controls by ELISA. Clinical activity was determined by partial Mayo score for patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's Disease Activity Index for patients with Crohn's disease, and endoscopic activity was assessed using Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity for patients with ulcerative colitis and Simple Endoscopic Score of Crohn's disease for patients with Crohn's disease. RESULTS Serum MMP-9 was higher in patients with active ulcerative colitis than in patients with inactive disease and the control group. Serum MMP-9 was also higher in patients with active Crohn's disease than in patients with inactive disease and the control group. In both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease groups, there was a significant difference between serum MMP-9 levels in patients receiving conventional treatment and those on biological treatment, with lower levels of the marker detected in the sera of patients subgroups receiving biologics. CONCLUSION Serum MMP-9 can be used to differentiate between active and inactive IBD (including both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease).
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Mosli M, Alawadhi S, Hasan F, Abou Rached A, Sanai F, Danese S. Incidence, Prevalence, and Clinical Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Arab World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Inflamm Intest Dis 2021; 6:123-131. [PMID: 34722642 DOI: 10.1159/000518003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Despite the recent findings of the rising incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Arab countries, there are limited data on the characteristics of IBD patients and the disease course in the Arab world. This systematic review aimed to investigate the incidence and epidemiology of IBD in the Arab world. Material and Methods We conducted a systematic literature review that utilized a comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane Central, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and Web of Science from their inception till August 2020. We included cross-sectional, prospective, and retrospective studies that examined the prevalence and/or epidemiological characteristics of IBD in Arab countries. Results A total of 16 studies that examined IBD in Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Lebanon, and Oman were included. Generally, the included studies covered the period from the early 1990s to the late 2010s. A total of 1,627 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and 1,588 Crohn's disease (CD) patients were included in this systematic review. The mean age at diagnosis ranged from 24.13 to 43.6 years in adult cases and from 4.5 to 16 years in pediatric cases. In most of the included studies, the majority of patients were male. The quantitative analysis revealed a pooled incidence rate of 2.33 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-3.4) per 100,000 persons per year for UC in the Arab world. Likewise, the pooled incidence rate for CD in the Arab world was 1.46 (95% CI 1.03-1.89) per 100,000 persons per year. Conclusion There is a growing incidence of IBD in the Arab world, while IBD patients from Arab countries may present with some different characteristics, compared to their counterparts in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mosli
- Gastroenterologist and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Specialist, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer Alawadhi
- Digestive Disease Unit, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fuad Hasan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Faisal Sanai
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Silvio Danese
- Professor of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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Kamel S, Sakr M, Hamed W, Eltabbakh M, Sherief A, Rashad H, Elghamrini Y, Elbaz A. Characterization of Crohn's disease patients in Egypt: Risk factors for postoperative recurrence (A cohort study). Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 69:102781. [PMID: 34527234 PMCID: PMC8430268 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of study to identify the characterizations of Crohn's disease in Egyptian patients and to determine its predictors for postoperative recurrence. METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study on 15 patients diagnosed as Crohn's disease with surgical interventions. Different characteristics of studied patients were analyzed to determine the risk factors for postoperative recurrence such as age at diagnosis, gender, smoking, main presenting symptom, Montreal classification, perianal disease, laboratory findings and protocol of management including surgical characteristics like age at operation, surgical indication, preoperative medication, surgical approach, and operative findings. RESULTS Nine of the studied patients (60%) suffered from clinical postoperative recurrence with mean duration of 23.5 ± 40.6 months. In comparison the demographic, clinical, operative, and medical treatment data between patients with postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease and those without recurrence, age at diagnosis (mean age 42.9 years) and age at operation (mean 44.7 years) were found statistically significant in postoperative recurrence group (p-value = 0.001). According to Montreal classification of Crohn's disease, patients >40 years were significantly found in postoperative recurrence group, while patients between 17 and 40 years were significantly found in postoperative non-recurrence group (p-value=0.007) and ileal location of Crohn's disease was found significantly in postoperative recurrent group (p-value=0.044). Postoperative biological therapy significantly decreased the incidence of postoperative recurrence in the current study (p-value= 0.041). CONCLUSIONS Age at diagnosis, age at operation, ileal location of Crohn's disease can significantly predict postoperative recurrence. Also, postoperative biological therapy can significantly decrease the incidence of postoperative recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Kamel
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Hepatology, Ain Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Sakr
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Hepatology, Ain Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Waleed Hamed
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Hepatology, Ain Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Eltabbakh
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Hepatology, Ain Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sherief
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Hepatology, Ain Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Rashad
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Hepatology, Ain Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasser Elghamrini
- Department of General Surgery, Ain Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elbaz
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Hepatology, Ain Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt
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Olfatifar M, Zali MR, Pourhoseingholi MA, Balaii H, Ghavami SB, Ivanchuk M, Ivanchuk P, Nazari SH, Shahrokh S, Sabour S, Khodakarim S, Aghdaei HA, Rohani P, Mehralian G. The emerging epidemic of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia and Iran by 2035: A modeling study. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:204. [PMID: 33957874 PMCID: PMC8101120 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The projection studies are imperative to satisfy demands for health care systems and proper response to the public health problems such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS To accomplish this, we established an illness-death model based on available data to project the future prevalence of IBD in Asia, Iran in particular, separately from 2017 to 2035. We applied two deterministic and stochastic approaches. RESULTS In 2035, as compared to 2020, we expected a 2.5-fold rise in prevalence for Iran with 69 thousand cases, a 2.3-fold increment for North Africa and the Middle East with 220 thousand cases, quadrupling of the prevalence for India with 2.2 million cases, a 1.5-fold increase for East Asia region with 4.5 million cases, and a 1.6-fold elevation in prevalence for high-income Asia-Pacific and Southeast Asia regions with 183 and 199 thousand cases respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed an emerging epidemic for the prevalence of IBD in Asia regions and/or countries. Hence, we suggest the need for immediate action to control this increasing trend in Asia and Iran. However, we were virtually unable to use information about age groups, gender, and other factors influencing the evolution of IBD in our model due to lack of access to reliable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Olfatifar
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohamad Amin Pourhoseingholi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedieh Balaii
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Baradaran Ghavami
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Ivanchuk
- Biological Physics and Medical Informatics Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Ivanchuk
- Internal Medicine, Physical Rehabilitation, Sports Medicine and Physical Training Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
| | - Saeed Hashemi Nazari
- Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shabnam Shahrokh
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Sabour
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Safety Promotions and Injury, Prevention Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Khodakarim
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Pejman Rohani
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Emara MH, Salama RI, Hamed EF, Shoriet HN, Abdel-Aziz HR. Non-specific colitis among patients with colitis: frequency and relation to inflammatory bowel disease, a prospective study. JOURNAL OF COLOPROCTOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcol.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background and study aim The term non-specific colitis refers to an inflammatory condition of the colon that microscopically lacks the characteristic features of any specific form of colitis and is commonly seen in pathology reports of colonoscopy biopsies. In fact, it has been questioned whether it is a separate pathological entity or it is merely an intermediate stage in the course of inflammatory bowel disease. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of non-specific colitis among patients with colitis and characterize its natural history over a 6 months year period.
Patients and methods Eighty adult patients presented for colonoscopy were enrolled. In the final analysis they were divided into Group A; the non-specific colitis Group and Group B; the inflammatory bowel disease Group. All patients were subjected to: full history taking, full clinical examination, laboratory investigations: which included stool analysis, CRP, ESR, complete colonoscopy and entire random colon biopsies for histopathological examination.
Results Group A included 67 patients (83.75%) while Group B included 13 (16.25%) patients. Patients with IBD had clinical and laboratory features of inflammation significantly higher than patients with non-specific colitis. Six patients (8.95%) of non-specific colitis group developed histologic features of florid inflammatory bowel disease after 6 months. There were no independent predictors of this conversion.
Conclusion Among our 80 patients with colonoscopy and biopsy 67 (83.75%) were diagnosed as non-specific colitis and out of them 6 patients (8.95%) were reexamined after 6 months and proved to have inflammtory bowel disese this change was not linked to predictive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H. Emara
- Kafrelshiekh University, Faculty of Medicine, Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Kafrelshikh, Egypt
| | - Rasha I. Salama
- Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Medicine Department, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Emad F. Hamed
- Zagazig University, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hebatalla Nabil Shoriet
- Fayoum University, Faculty of Medicine, Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Fayoum, Egypt
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21
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Khorshid M, Elkady MAK, Abdelkarim R, El-Nady M. Non-invasive diagnosis of Crohn’s disease: All that glitters is not gold. World J Meta-Anal 2021; 9:40-44. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v9.i1.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) is associated with occurrence of inflammation in the digestive tract. Diagnosing intestinal bowel diseases can be difficult because bowel disease can be tricky as it does not have unique symptoms. Endoscopy and histopathological tests play a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Various techniques can be used to diagnose CD. Nevertheless, the diagnosis of CD mostly requires having patients in the hospital. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, that might not be very feasible, as minimizing contact is essential, but can an alternative diagnosis technique be enough to provide a definitive diagnosis?
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Khorshid
- Department of Clinical Research, EDGE Foundation, Cairo 11936, Egypt
| | | | - Rana Abdelkarim
- Department of Clinical Research, EDGE Foundation, Cairo 11936, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Nady
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 00000, Egypt
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22
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Hodges P, Kelly P. Inflammatory bowel disease in Africa: what is the current state of knowledge? Int Health 2020; 12:222-230. [PMID: 32133502 PMCID: PMC7320423 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasingly recognized as a global disease in the twenty-first century; however, little is known about its epidemiology in Africa. We conducted a literature review in order to assess what is currently known on this subject, the results of which are reported here. Based on available observational studies, it appears that the incidence of IBD in Africa is rising, although comprehensive epidemiological data are lacking. This is likely due to multiple factors, including shifting trends in diet and exposure to environmental pathogens. Many challenges relating to IBD exist for healthcare systems in Africa, including the need for improved access to diagnostic facilities such as endoscopy and histopathology, and the potential economic burden of treatment. Intestinal TB also represents a significant confounding factor in the diagnosis of IBD in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Hodges
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Paul Kelly
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, University of Zambia School of Medicine, University Teaching Hospital Nationalist Road, Lusaka, Zambia
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23
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Eltabbakh MM, Shamkh MAA, Bassuny AN, Abd Alaty WH, Sakr MA, Sherief AF. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Egypt During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:1771-1778. [PMID: 32860060 PMCID: PMC7499574 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Nagah Bassuny
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Amin Sakr
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Fouad Sherief
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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El-Shabrawi MHF, Tarek S, Abou-Zekri M, Meshaal S, Enayet A, Mogahed EA. Hepatobiliary manifestations in children with inflammatory bowel disease: A single-center experience in a low/middle income country. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2020; 11:48-58. [PMID: 32844043 PMCID: PMC7416377 DOI: 10.4292/wjgpt.v11.i3.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a worldwide increase in the reported incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children over the past 2-3 decades. The hepatobiliary (HB) manifestations of IBD have been well-studied in children in industrialized and developed countries but are infrequently reported in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) such as Egypt.
AIM To determine the prevalence of the HB manifestations in a cohort of Egyptian children with IBD.
METHODS This cross-sectional observational study was carried out over a period of 6 mo (between June 2013 to December 2013) at the Paediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology Units of Cairo University Children's Hospital, which is the largest paediatric tertiary care centre in the country.
RESULTS The study included 48 patients with confirmed IBD based upon clinical, laboratory, endoscopic and histopathological features, 29 (60.4%) were male. Twenty-four patients (50%) had ulcerative colitis (UC), 11 (22.9%) had Crohn's disease (CD) and 13 (27.1%) had unclassified-IBD (IBD-U), which was formerly known as indeterminate colitis. The mean age of the patients at the time of presentation was 8.14 (± SD 4.02) years and the mean age at the time of study enrolment was 10.16 (± SD 4.19) years. All patients were screened for HB manifestations by physical examination, liver function tests, imaging and liver biopsy when indicated. HB disorders were confirmed in 13 patients (27.1%). Transaminases were elevated in 3 patients (6.3%). Two patients (4.2%) had elevated biliary enzymes (one was diagnosed as primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and the other was diagnosed with PSC/autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome and the third patient had hepatitis C virus infection. Ten patients (20.8%) had bright echogenic liver on ultrasound suggesting fatty infiltration as a sequel of malnutrition or medication toxicity.
CONCLUSION The commonest HB disorders in Egyptian children with IBD were abnormal liver function tests, fatty infiltration and PSC. These HB manifestations in paediatric patients in LMIC may be relatively more common than in industrialized countries. Therefore, IBD patients in LMIC should be meticulously screened for liver disease to allow prompt diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mortada HF El-Shabrawi
- Department of Paediatrics, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Sara Tarek
- Department of Paediatrics, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Maha Abou-Zekri
- Department of Paediatrics, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Safa Meshaal
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Afaf Enayet
- Department of Paediatrics, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Engy Adel Mogahed
- Department of Paediatrics, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Mobeen F, Sharma V, Tulika P. Enterotype Variations of the Healthy Human Gut Microbiome in Different Geographical Regions. Bioinformation 2018; 14:560-573. [PMID: 31223215 PMCID: PMC6563668 DOI: 10.6026/97320630014560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterotypes are used for classifying individuals based on the gut microbiome. A number of studies are available to find the Enterotypes in healthy individuals; however, most of them lack comparisons at the world level. We analyzed the healthy human gut microbiomes of 495 datasets available in the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) database derived from fifteen countries from four continents. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the two most abundant phyla in the healthy human gut, worldwide. A high ratio of Proteobacteriato Actinobacteria and a low abundance of Prevotella were identified as the indicators of IBD. Prevotella, Bacteroides, and Bifidobacterium were identified as the Enterotypes in the inter-continental comparisons. At the intra-continental level, two (Bacteroides and Ruminococcaceae), four (Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Clostridiales), and two (Prevotella, Bacteroides/Bifidobacterium) Enterotypes were identified in the American, European, and Asian continents, respectively. In addition, a high abundance of the unknown genus of Ruminococcaeae was observed in the Colombian human gut microbiome. A substantial impact of the geographical distance was observed on human gut microbiome variations, demonstrating a cumulative effect of factors, including dietary habits, genetics, lifestyle, environment, and climate, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fauzul Mobeen
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand 175005, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand 175005, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Prakash Tulika
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand 175005, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Sharara AI, Al Awadhi S, Alharbi O, Al Dhahab H, Mounir M, Salese L, Singh E, Sunna N, Tarcha N, Mosli M. Epidemiology, disease burden, and treatment challenges of ulcerative colitis in Africa and the Middle East. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 12:883-897. [PMID: 30096985 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2018.1503052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is an idiopathic, chronic, inflammatory bowel disorder characterized by an unpredictable course of alternating cycles of relapse and remission. Traditionally viewed as a disease of Western countries, the prevalence of ulcerative colitis is reported to be increasing in the developing world. In these regions, there is the potential to further explore the etiology of the disease, mainly through genetic studies. With this in mind, we consider available data relating to the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and disease course of ulcerative colitis in Africa and the Middle East. Current treatment approaches in these countries are also reviewed and discussed in the context of new, small molecule, orally administered therapies. Areas covered: Available data on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and risk factors of ulcerative colitis in Africa and the Middle East are reviewed using a PubMed database search. Expert commentary: Epidemiologic studies from African and Middle Eastern countries suggest disease trends similar to the West, and an important health and economic burden. The management of ulcerative colitis within these developing countries is challenging, with the need to improve early diagnosis, access to healthcare, and patient education, along with facilitation of access to treatment options and improvement of medication adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala I Sharara
- a Division of Gastroenterology , American University of Beirut Medical Center , Beirut , Lebanon
| | | | - Othman Alharbi
- c Gastroenterology Division , King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University , Riyadh , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham Al Dhahab
- d Department of Gastroenterology , Royal Hospital , Muscat , Oman
| | | | - Leonardo Salese
- f Department of Gastroenterology , Inflammation and Immunology Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc , Collegeville , PA , USA
| | - Ena Singh
- f Department of Gastroenterology , Inflammation and Immunology Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc , Collegeville , PA , USA
| | - Nancy Sunna
- g Department of Inflammation and Immunology , Pfizer Inc , Amman , Jordan
| | | | - Mahmoud Mosli
- h Department of Medicine , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Senhaji N, Nadifi S, Zaid Y, Serrano A, Rodriguez DAL, Serbati N, Karkouri M, Badre W, Martín J. Polymorphisms in oxidative pathway related genes and susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:8300-8307. [PMID: 29307990 PMCID: PMC5743501 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i47.8300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether common variants in the oxidative pathway genes influence inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) risk among Moroccan patients.
METHODS The distribution of (TAAA)n_rs12720460 and (CCTTT)n _rs3833912 NOS2A microsatellite repeats, HIF-1A_rs11549467 and NFKB1-94ins/delATTG_rs28362491 was analyzed in 507 subjects grouped in 199 IBD and 308 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed with polymerase chain reaction-fluorescent method and the TaqMan® allelic discrimination technology.
RESULTS The allele and genotype frequencies of HIF1A_ rs11549467, NFKB1_rs28362491 and NOS2A_ (TAAA)n did not differ significantly between patients and controls. Analysis of NOS2A_ (CCTTT)n markers evidenced differences between patients and healthy controls. A preferential presence of the (CCTTT)8 (P = 0.02; OR = 1.71, 95%CI: 1.07-2.74), (CCTTT)14 (P = 0.02; OR = 1.71, 95%CI: 1.06-2.76) alleles in IBD, (CCTTT)8 (P = 0.008; OR = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.17-3.23) in CD and (CCTTT)7 (P = 0.009; OR = 7.61, 95%CI: 1.25-46.08), (CCTTT)11 (P = 0.05; OR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.25-1.01), (CCTTT)14 (P = 0.02; OR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.07-3.94), (CCTTT)15 (P = 0.01; OR = 2.25, 95%CI: 1.16-4.35) repeats in UC patients indicated its possible association with higher disease risk which need to be confirmed in a larger sample size.
CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the NOS2A_ (CCTTT)n gene variations may influence IBD susceptibility in the Moroccan population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezha Senhaji
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Casablanca 20100, Morocco
| | - Sellama Nadifi
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Casablanca 20100, Morocco
| | - Younes Zaid
- Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
| | - Aurora Serrano
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, P.T.S. Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Daniel Arturo Leon Rodriguez
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, P.T.S. Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Nadia Serbati
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Casablanca 20100, Morocco
| | - Mehdi Karkouri
- Department of Pathology, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
| | - Wafaa Badre
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
| | - Javier Martín
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, P.T.S. Granada 18016, Spain
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Alcedo KP, Thanigachalam S, Naser SA. RHB-104 triple antibiotics combination in culture is bactericidal and should be effective for treatment of Crohn's disease associated with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Gut Pathog 2016; 8:32. [PMID: 27307791 PMCID: PMC4908774 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-016-0115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) has been implicated as an etiological agent of Crohn's disease (CD), a debilitating chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Clarithromycin (CLA), clofazimine (CLO), rifabutin (RIF) and other antibiotics have been used individually or in combinations with other drugs to treat mycobacterial diseases including CD. The treatment has varied by regimen, dosage, and duration, resulting in conflicting outcomes and additional suffering to the patients. RHB-104, a drug formula with active ingredients composed of (63.3 %) CLA, (6.7 %) CLO, and (30 %) RIF, has been recently subjected to investigation in an FDA approved Phase III clinical trial to treat patients with moderate to severe CD. In this study, we determined the efficacy of RHB-104 active ingredients against MAP strains isolated from the blood, tissue, and milk of CD patients. Based on fluorescence quenching technology using the Bactec MGIT Para-TB medium, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CLA, CLO, RIF individually and in dual and triple combinations against 16 MAP clinical strains and 19 other mycobacteria. RESULTS The MIC of all drugs against 35 different mycobacteria ranged between 0.25-20 μg/mL. However, the MIC of RHB-104 active ingredients regimen was the lowest at 0.25-10 μg/mL compared to the MIC of the other drugs at 0.5-20 μg/mL. The components of RHB-104 active ingredients at their individual concentrations or in dual combinations were not effective against all microorganisms compared to the triple combinations at MIC level. The MIC of CLA-CLO, CLA-RIF, and CLO-RIF regimens ranged between 0.5-1.25 μg/mL compared to 0.25 μg/mL of bactericidal effect of the triple combination. CONCLUSION The data clearly demonstrated that lower concentrations of the triple combination of RHB-104 active ingredients provided synergistic anti-MAP growth activity compared to individual or dual combinations of the drugs. Consequently, this is favorable and should lead to tolerable dosage that is desirable for long-term treatment of CD and Mycobacterium avium complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel P Alcedo
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA
| | - Saisathya Thanigachalam
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA
| | - Saleh A Naser
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA
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Abd Allah ESH, Makboul R, Mohamed AO. Role of serotonin and nuclear factor-kappa B in the ameliorative effect of ginger on acetic acid-induced colitis. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2016; 23:35-42. [PMID: 26776295 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The current study was designed to investigate the role of serotonin (5-HT) and nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κB) in the ameliorative effect of ginger on acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis rat model. Colitis was induced by intra-colonic instillation of 3% AA, preceded or followed by daily administration of ginger (400mg/kg) by gavage for 5 days. Colons were assessed macroscopically and microscopically and the expression of NF-κB was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Colonic tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), total peroxide (TP), and serum 5-HT levels were assessed. Administration of ginger ameliorated the effects of AA-induced colitis by plummeting colon weight-to-length ratio, macroscopic and microscopic scores. These effects were further supported by down-regulation of NF-κB and reduction of colonic TNF-α, IL-10, TP and serum 5-HT levels. Moreover, there were significant positive correlations between serum 5-HT and macroscopic, microscopic, immunoreactivity scores and colonic TNF-α level. In conclusion, ginger ameliorated AA-induced colitis not only through its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, but also through the reduction of 5-HT which may contribute to the down-regulation of NF-κB-dependent TNF-α expression and the reduction of lipid peroxidation and tissue damage. In addition, the therapeutic effect of ginger was more pronounced than its preventive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman S H Abd Allah
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Rania Makboul
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Amany O Mohamed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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30
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Ramzy I, Hasaballah M, Marzaban R, Shaker O, Soliman ZA. Evaluation of microRNAs-29a, 92a and 145 in colorectal carcinoma as candidate diagnostic markers: An Egyptian pilot study. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2015; 39:508-15. [PMID: 25736690 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in Egypt, and interestingly in young age. Adenomatous polyps and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are considered the commonest pre-malignant lesions for CRC. A possible diagnostic role for different microRNAs on CRC has been suggested by numerous studies. AIM OF WORK To assess the serum expression of 3 microRNA markers (miR-29a, miR-92a and miR-145) in pre-malignant and malignant colorectal lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS The 60 patients studied were divided into 4 groups: CRC group (25 patients), IBD group (11 patients), adenomatous polyps group (14 patients) and control group (10 patients). The serum expression of the 3 markers (miR-29a, miR-92a and miR-145) has been assessed by RT-PCR. RESULTS All CRCs were sporadic cases. Significant downregulation of miR-145 in CRC group was reported at all levels, i.e. when compared to normal, among the 3 studied groups, and when compared between CRC and non-CRC groups. Significant upregulation of miR-29a in CRC was reported when compared to normal, but no significant difference existed either among the 3 studied groups or between CRC and the other 2 groups. All 3 miRNAs studied were positively inter-correlated. CONCLUSIONS miR-145 may be considered a promising non-invasive reliable diagnostic marker in CRC. Extended studies are needed to ascertain the diagnostic role of miRNAs in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Ramzy
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Hasaballah
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Raghda Marzaban
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Olfat Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zienab A Soliman
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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31
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Delmondes LM, Nunes MO, Azevedo AR, Oliveira MMDS, Coelho LER, Torres-Neto JDR. Clinical and Sociodemographic Aspects of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients. Gastroenterology Res 2015; 8:207-215. [PMID: 27785298 PMCID: PMC5040528 DOI: 10.14740/gr649w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Brazil, there are few epidemiological studies available about the demographic and clinical aspects of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to identify epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with IBD treated at the University Hospital (HU) of the Sergipe Federal University (UFS). METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in HU/UFS from October 2011 to January 2014. The sample consisted of 87 patients with IBD, who registered in the coloproctology clinic. We applied a questionnaire with sociodemographic and clinical variables. RESULTS Of the 87 patients, 40 (46%) had Crohn's disease (CD) and 47 (54%) had ulcerative colitis (UC). Women had a higher prevalence of IBD. Data obtained were significant (P < 0.05) in the variables: age, origin and level of education. CD patients were younger (< 25 years old), had higher prevalence of smoking habits and were associated with urban origin, conjunctivitis, palpable mass, appendectomy and intestinal complications. UC was more prevalent in older individuals (> 25 years old), with rural origin, bloody diarrhea and rectal bleeding. Location and initial behavior of CD were ileum-colic (L3), inflammatory behavior and penetrating form of the disease. There is higher prevalence of proctitis and mild and severe forms of the UC among women. Osteoarticular and systemic manifestations predominated in both diseases. CONCLUSIONS IBD affected more women than men. The age, origin and level of education can interfere with early diagnosis. Demographic and clinical aspects were similar to the literature. Data differ in the time interval between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis, smoking habit, appendectomy and severity of UC for age and gender.
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Ballard BR, M’Koma AE. Gastrointestinal endoscopy biopsy derived proteomic patterns predict indeterminate colitis into ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s colitis. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2015; 7:670-674. [PMID: 26140094 PMCID: PMC4482826 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v7.i7.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with indeterminate colitis (IC) are significantly younger at diagnosis with onset of symptoms before the age of 18 years with significant morbidity in the interim. The successful care of IC is based on microscopic visual predict precision of eventual ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s colitis (CC) which is not offered in 15%-30% of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients even after a combined state-of-the-art classification system of clinical, visual endoscopic, radiologic and histologic examination. These figures have not changed over the past 3 decades despite the introduction of newer diagnostic modalities. The patient outcomes after restorative proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis may be painstaking if IC turns into CC. Our approach is aiming at developing a single sensitive and absolute accurate diagnostic test tool during the first clinic visit through endoscopic biopsy derived proteomic patterns. Matrix-assisted-laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MS) and/or imaging MS technologies permit a histology-directed cellular test of endoscopy biopsy which identifies phenotype specific proteins, as biomarker that would assist clinicians more accurately delineate IC as being either a UC or CC or a non-IBD condition. These novel studies are underway on larger cohorts and are highly innovative with significances in differentiating a UC from CC in patients with IC and could lend mechanistic insights into IBD pathogenesis.
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Mansour-Ghanaei F, Haghkerdar M, Joukar F, Aminian K, Yousefi Mashhour M, Shafaghi A, Fakhriyeh Asl S, Ghanavi Z. Epidemiologic Features of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Guilan Province, North of Iran, During 2002-2012. Middle East J Dig Dis 2015; 7:69-74. [PMID: 26106465 PMCID: PMC4430794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The geographical incidence of IBD varies considerably. This study aimed to survey the epidemiologic features of IBD in Guilan province, North of Iran, during ten years duration. METHODS In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we assessed the documents of 868 patients with IBD referred to private and governmental clinics of Guilan province between 2002 and 2012. Variables such as demographic data, risk factors, diagnosis, extraintestinal manifestations and type of treatment were collected. RESULTS Among 868 patients with IBD, 756 patients (87.1%) diagnosed as UC and 112 patients (12.9%) as CD. The mean age of patients with UC and CD was 46.73±15.79 and 40.15±14.27 years respectively. Male/female ratio in UC and CD was 0.92:1 and 0.75:1 respectively. The most common age of disease initiation in UC was 40-59 years and in CD 20-39 years (p<0.001). Extraintestinal manifestations were seen in 25.4 percent of patients with IBD. Most of patients were treated with combination of two drugs: salicylates and azathioprine (p<0.04). The incidence of IBD gradually increased during the past 4 years in Guilan province. CONCLUSION This study showed that CD were presented significantly more common in younger patients than UC and totally the disease was slightly more common in female.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- 1 Professor, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
, Corresponding Author: Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei, MD. AGAF Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Sardarjangal Ave. Rasht, 41448-95655, Iran Tel: + 98 131 5535116 Fax: +98 131 5534951
| | - Maryam Haghkerdar
- 2 Researcher, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Joukar
- 3 MSn, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Keyvan Aminian
- 4 Assistant Professor, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Yousefi Mashhour
- 2 Researcher, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Afshin Shafaghi
- 5 Associate Professor, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Saba Fakhriyeh Asl
- 4 Assistant Professor, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghanavi
- 2 Researcher, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Inflammatory bowel disease among Bedouin Arabs in southern Israel: urbanization and increasing prevalence rates. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 27:230-4. [PMID: 25563139 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000000263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been associated with genetic and environmental factors, including urban living. IBD was rare in the Israeli Bedouin community 30 years ago. Over recent decades, a large proportion of this community has undergone a transition from a nomadic to a western lifestyle. Our aim was to carry out an updated evaluation of the clinical and epidemiological features of IBD in the Bedouin sector of southern Israel. METHODS All Bedouin patients with a known diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) were included in the retrospective study. RESULTS The cohort included 31 CD patients and 31 UC patients. The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 29±10.9 and 35±17.5 years for CD and UC, respectively. The prevalence rate for CD was 15.5/100,000 and the incidence rate was 0.8-3.55/100,000. Fourteen of the CD patients (45%) had ileal disease and 64.5% had inflammatory disease behavior according to the Montreal classification. Eleven of the CD patients (35%) were treated with anti-TNF-α and 26% had undergone surgery. Over the previous decade, the prevalence of UC was 14/100,000 and the incidence was 0.5-2.39/100,000. Eighteen UC patients (58%) had left-sided colitis. Three (9.7%) had undergone total colectomy for severe disease. CONCLUSION We found an increased prevalence of IBD in the Bedouin population, associated with their change in lifestyle over previous decades. However, the prevalence is still markedly lower than that in other population groups. A high percentage of patients were treated with anti-TNF-α and/or surgery.
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Albasri AM. Histopathological Profile of Benign Colorectal Diseases in Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:7673-7. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.18.7673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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