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Karout I, Salhab Z, Sherri N, Bitar ER, Borghol AH, Sabra H, Kassem A, Osman O, Alam C, Znait S, Assaf R, Fadlallah S, Jurjus A, Hashash JG, Rahal EA. The Effects of Endosomal Toll-like Receptor Inhibitors in an EBV DNA-Exacerbated Inflammatory Bowel Disease Mouse Model. Viruses 2024; 16:624. [PMID: 38675965 PMCID: PMC11054613 DOI: 10.3390/v16040624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a Herpesviridae family member, is associated with an increased risk of autoimmune disease development in the host. We previously demonstrated that EBV DNA elevates levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17A and that inhibiting Toll-like receptor (TLR) 3, 7, or 9 reduces its levels. Moreover, this DNA exacerbated colitis in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In the study at hand, we examined whether inhibition of TLR3, 7, or 9 alleviates this exacerbation. Mice were fed 1.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) water and administered EBV DNA. Then, they were treated with a TLR3, 7, or 9 inhibitor or left untreated. We also assessed the additive impact of combined inhibition of all three receptors. Mice that received DSS, EBV DNA, and each inhibitor alone, or a combination of inhibitors, showed significant improvement. They also had a decrease in the numbers of the pathogenic colonic IL-17A+IFN-γ+ foci. Inhibition of all three endosomal TLR receptors offered no additive benefit over administering a single inhibitor. Therefore, inhibition of endosomal TLRs reduces EBV DNA exacerbation of mouse colitis, offering a potential approach for managing IBD patients infected with EBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Karout
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Zahraa Salhab
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Nour Sherri
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Elio R. Bitar
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Abdul Hamid Borghol
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Hady Sabra
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Aya Kassem
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Omar Osman
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Charbel Alam
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Sabah Znait
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Rayan Assaf
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Sukayna Fadlallah
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
| | - Abdo Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon;
| | - Jana G. Hashash
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA;
| | - Elias A. Rahal
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon; (I.K.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (E.R.B.); (A.H.B.); (H.S.); (A.K.); (O.O.); (C.A.); (S.Z.); (R.A.); (S.F.)
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Serrano I, Luque A, Ruiz-Cerulla A, Navas S, Blom AM, Rodríguez de Córdoba S, Fernández FJ, Cristina Vega M, Rodríguez-Moranta F, Guardiola J, Aran JM. C4BP(β-)-mediated immunomodulation attenuates inflammation in DSS-induced murine colitis and in myeloid cells from IBD patients. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106948. [PMID: 37806602 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The most recent and promising therapeutic strategies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have engaged biologics targeting single effector components involved in major steps of the immune-inflammatory processes, such as tumor necrosis factor, interleukins or integrins. Nevertheless, these molecules have not yet met expectations regarding efficacy and safety, resulting in a significant percentage of refractory or relapsing patients. Thus, novel treatment options are urgently needed. The minor isoform of the complement inhibitor C4b-binding protein, C4BP(β-), has been shown to confer a robust anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory phenotype over inflammatory myeloid cells. Here we show that C4BP(β-)-mediated immunomodulation can significantly attenuate the histopathological traits and preserve the intestinal epithelial integrity in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis. C4BP(β-) downregulated inflammatory transcripts, notably those related to neutrophil activity, mitigated circulating inflammatory effector cytokines and chemokines such as CXCL13, key in generating ectopic lymphoid structures, and, overall, prevented inflammatory immune cell infiltration in the colon of colitic mice. PRP6-HO7, a recombinant curtailed analogue with only immunomodulatory activity, achieved a similar outcome as C4BP(β-), indicating that the therapeutic effect is not due to the complement inhibitory activity. Furthermore, both C4BP(β-) and PRP6-HO7 significantly reduced, with comparable efficacy, the intrinsic and TLR-induced inflammatory markers in myeloid cells from both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients, regardless of their medication. Thus, the pleiotropic anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity of PRP6-HO7, able to "reprogram" myeloid cells from the complex inflammatory bowel environment and to restore immune homeostasis, might constitute a promising therapeutic option for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Serrano
- Immune-inflammatory Processes and Gene Therapeutics Group, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Luque
- Immune-inflammatory Processes and Gene Therapeutics Group, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandra Ruiz-Cerulla
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Navas
- Structural Biology of Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna M Blom
- Lund University, Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Medical Protein Chemistry, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Santiago Rodríguez de Córdoba
- Molecular Pathology/Genetics of Complement Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC) and Ciber de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M Cristina Vega
- Structural Biology of Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Rodríguez-Moranta
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Guardiola
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Aran
- Immune-inflammatory Processes and Gene Therapeutics Group, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
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Ma Q, Zhang X, Xu X, Lu Y, Chen Q, Chen Y, Liu C, Chen K. Long-term oral administration of burdock fructooligosaccharide alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice by mediating anti-inflammatory effects and protection of intestinal barrier function. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1092. [PMID: 38018589 PMCID: PMC10664397 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis, a typical subtype of inflammatory bowel disease, can cause many serious complications. Burdock fructooligosaccharide (BFO), a linear inulin with a purity of 99.439% and a molecular weight of 2345 Da, demonstrates anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. METHODS The Kunming mice were divided into two experimental models: a normal pretreatment model and a colitis experimental model. During the experimental treatment period, we assessed changes in weight and disease activity index (DAI), quantified the intestinal index, and determined myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and reactive oxide species (ROS) levels in colitis mice. We also photographed colon morphology to investigate alterations in the integrity of the intestinal barrier function. Finally, we performed ELISA and qRT-PCR to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of BFO treatment on colitis mice. RESULT The long-term oral administration of BFO alone exhibited protective effects by preventing disruption of the intestinal functional structure and increasing the colon index in mice. However, in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, BFO administration facilitated quick recovery of body weight and effectively reduced the DAI, especially in the BFO-H group (500 mg/kg/day). BFO treatment maintained the integrity of the intestinal barrier by attenuating the crypt distortion and increasing the goblet cells count It restored the DSS-induced colon shortening and reduced the symptoms of colitis. These effects may be attributed to the appropriate concentrations of BFO effectively inhibiting MPO activity, clearing excessive ROS, and relieving spleen abnormalitie. BFO also attenuated the overexpression and excessive secretion of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1) induced by DSS, reduced intestinal inflammation, and consequently protected the intestinal barrier function. CONCLUSION BFO effectively alleviated the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis by mediating anti-inflammatory effects and protecting the intestinal barrier integrity, thereby potentially facilitating the utilization of safer and more efficacious polysaccharides for managing chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunfei Ma
- School of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Department of PhysiologyNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- School of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xuan Xu
- School of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine DepartmentJining No. 1 People's HospitalJiningChina
| | - Qiang Chen
- Burdock Biotechnology (Dezhou) Co., LtdDezhouChina
| | - Yiru Chen
- Burdock Biotechnology (Dezhou) Co., LtdDezhouChina
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re‐Evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, School of PharmacyDrug Research & Development Center, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Kaoshan Chen
- School of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re‐Evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, School of PharmacyDrug Research & Development Center, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
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Lu SY, Tan K, Zhong S, Cheong KL. Marine algal polysaccharides as future potential constituents against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126247. [PMID: 37562483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the most chronic and incurable liver diseases triggered mainly by an inappropriate diet and hereditary factors which burden liver metabolic stress, and may result in liver fibrosis or even cancer. While the available drugs show adverse side effects. The non-toxic bioactive molecules derived from natural resources, particularly marine algal polysaccharides (MAPs), present significant potential for treating NASH. In this review, we summarized the protective effects of MAPs on NASH from multiple perspectives, including reducing oxidative stress, regulating lipid metabolism, enhancing immune function, preventing fibrosis, and providing cell protection. Furthermore, the mechanisms of MAPs in treating NASH were comprehensively described. Additionally, we highlight the influences of the special structures of MAPs on their bioactive differences. Through this comprehensive review, we aim to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of MAPs in NASH and inspire insights for deeper research on the functional food and clinical applications of MAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Guangdong, China
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China.
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Guangdong, China.
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Do HJ, Kim YS, Oh TW. Effect of Polycan, a β-Glucan from Aureobasidium pullulans SM-2001, on Inflammatory Response and Intestinal Barrier Function in DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14773. [PMID: 37834221 PMCID: PMC10572787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease, is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disease with unclear etiology and pathophysiology. Herein, we determined the effects of extracellular polysaccharides purified from Aureobasidium pullulans SM-2001 (Polycan) on tight junction protein expression, inflammation, and apoptosis in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis model. Fifty mice were divided into normal, DSS, DSS + Polycan 250 mg/kg (Polycan 250), DSS + Polycan 500 mg/kg (Polycan 500), and DSS + 5-aminosalicylic acid 100 mg/kg (5-ASA) groups. Their body weights, colon lengths, histological changes in colon tissue, and tight junction function were observed. Results showed that Polycan 250, Polycan 500, and 5-ASA significantly inhibited body weight loss compared with DSS. Similar to 5-ASA, Polycan 500 exhibited preventive effects on colon length shortening and histological changes in colon tissues. Polycan inhibited the DSS-induced decrease in fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran permeability and myeloperoxidase activity. Moreover, Polycan significantly recovered serum cytokine (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β) or mRNA expression in colon tissue compared with DSS. Polycan also inhibited apoptosis by reducing caspase-3 activity and the Bcl-2 associated X/B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) ratio. Additionally, DSS treatment significantly reduced microbial abundance and diversity, but the administration of Polycan reversed this effect. Collectively, Polycan protected intestinal barrier function and inhibited inflammation and apoptosis in DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Do
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young-Suk Kim
- Glucan Co., Ltd., 25-15, Worasan-ro 950 beon-gil, Munsan-eup, Jinju-si 52840, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tae Woo Oh
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean Convergence Medical Science, University of Science & Technology (UST), 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Daejeon 34054, Yuseong-gu, Republic of Korea
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Burr AHP, Ji J, Ozler K, Mentrup HL, Eskiocak O, Yueh B, Cumberland R, Menk AV, Rittenhouse N, Marshall CW, Chiaranunt P, Zhang X, Mullinax L, Overacre-Delgoffe A, Cooper VS, Poholek AC, Delgoffe GM, Mollen KP, Beyaz S, Hand TW. Excess Dietary Sugar Alters Colonocyte Metabolism and Impairs the Proliferative Response to Damage. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:287-316. [PMID: 37172822 PMCID: PMC10394273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The colonic epithelium requires continuous renewal by crypt resident intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and transit-amplifying (TA) cells to maintain barrier integrity, especially after inflammatory damage. The diet of high-income countries contains increasing amounts of sugar, such as sucrose. ISCs and TA cells are sensitive to dietary metabolites, but whether excess sugar affects their function directly is unknown. METHODS Here, we used a combination of 3-dimensional colonoids and a mouse model of colon damage/repair (dextran sodium sulfate colitis) to show the direct effect of sugar on the transcriptional, metabolic, and regenerative functions of crypt ISCs and TA cells. RESULTS We show that high-sugar conditions directly limit murine and human colonoid development, which is associated with a reduction in the expression of proliferative genes, adenosine triphosphate levels, and the accumulation of pyruvate. Treatment of colonoids with dichloroacetate, which forces pyruvate into the tricarboxylic acid cycle, restored their growth. In concert, dextran sodium sulfate treatment of mice fed a high-sugar diet led to massive irreparable damage that was independent of the colonic microbiota and its metabolites. Analyses on crypt cells from high-sucrose-fed mice showed a reduction in the expression of ISC genes, impeded proliferative potential, and increased glycolytic potential without a commensurate increase in aerobic respiration. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results indicate that short-term, excess dietary sucrose can directly modulate intestinal crypt cell metabolism and inhibit ISC/TA cell regenerative proliferation. This knowledge may inform diets that better support the treatment of acute intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansen H P Burr
- Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Junyi Ji
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kadir Ozler
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Heather L Mentrup
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Onur Eskiocak
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Brian Yueh
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Rachel Cumberland
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashley V Menk
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Natalie Rittenhouse
- Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Chris W Marshall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Pailin Chiaranunt
- Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Gastroenterology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital
| | - Lauren Mullinax
- Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Gastroenterology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital
| | - Abigail Overacre-Delgoffe
- Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Vaughn S Cooper
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amanda C Poholek
- Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Greg M Delgoffe
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Tumor Microenvironment Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin P Mollen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Semir Beyaz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Timothy W Hand
- Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Pediatrics Department, Infectious Disease Section, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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Hu Y, Guan X, He Z, Xie Y, Niu Z, Zhang W, Wang A, Zhang J, Si C, Li F, Hu W. Apigenin-7-O-glucoside alleviates DSS-induced colitis by improving intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
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Deep learning-based approach to the characterization and quantification of histopathology in mouse models of colitis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268954. [PMID: 36037173 PMCID: PMC9423669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the gastrointestinal tract. While therapies exist, response can be limited within the patient population. Researchers have thus studied mouse models of colitis to further understand pathogenesis and identify new treatment targets. Flow cytometry and RNA-sequencing can phenotype immune populations with single-cell resolution but provide no spatial context. Spatial context may be particularly important in colitis mouse models, due to the simultaneous presence of colonic regions that are involved or uninvolved with disease. These regions can be identified on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained colonic tissue slides based on the presence of abnormal or normal histology. However, detection of such regions requires expert interpretation by pathologists. This can be a tedious process that may be difficult to perform consistently across experiments. To this end, we trained a deep learning model to detect ‘Involved’ and ‘Uninvolved’ regions from H&E-stained colonic tissue slides. Our model was trained on specimens from controls and three mouse models of colitis–the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) chemical induction model, the recently established intestinal epithelium-specific, inducible Klf5ΔIND (Villin-CreERT2;Klf5fl/fl) genetic model, and one that combines both induction methods. Image patches predicted to be ‘Involved’ and ‘Uninvolved’ were extracted across mice to cluster and identify histological classes. We quantified the proportion of ‘Uninvolved’ patches and ‘Involved’ patch classes in murine swiss-rolled colons. Furthermore, we trained linear determinant analysis classifiers on these patch proportions to predict mouse model and clinical score bins in a prospectively treated cohort of mice. Such a pipeline has the potential to reveal histological links and improve synergy between various colitis mouse model studies to identify new therapeutic targets and pathophysiological mechanisms.
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HSPA5 Inhibitor Meliorate DSS-Induced Colitis through HSPA1A/CHIP. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:7115181. [PMID: 35872700 PMCID: PMC9300310 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7115181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objective Ulcerative colitis (UC) is closely related to immune response, in which Treg cells (Tregs) suppress the autoimmune response of effector T cells to maintain homeostasis. As a marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), HSPA5 was highly expressed in the colon tissue of UC patients. This study is aimed at evaluating the therapeutic effect of HSPA5 inhibitor (HA15) on dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced ulcerative colitis in mice and explored the effect and related mechanism of HSPA5 inhibitor on the differentiation and function of Tregs. Methods Thirty-two C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups (8 mice per group): normal control group, DSS model group, HSPA5 inhibitor (HA15) group (intraperitoneal injection), and dexamethasone (DXM) group (intraperitoneal injection). Except for the blank control group, the other groups were induced with 3% DSS for 7 days and then given corresponding intervention therapy for 7 days. Results The disease activity index (DAI) score, colon length, histopathological changes, and scores of DSS-induced mice show that HA15 could significantly improve the degree of inflammation in ulcerative colitis. Moreover, HA15 can better inhibit the expression of HSPA5, HSPA1A, and CHIP in the colon and increase the level of FOXP3 mRNA. Finally, the content of Treg cells and the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 were significantly increased, and the levels of IL-6 were significantly reduced. Conclusions HA15 can improve the differentiation and function of Treg cells by inhibiting the HSPA1A/CHIP pathway, thereby improving ulcerative colitis. Therefore, inhibiting the expression of HSPA5 may serve as a new approach to treat ulcerative colitis.
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YU Z, HAO L, LI Z, SUN J, CHEN H, HUO H, LI X, SHAN Z, LI H. Correlation between slow transit constipation and spleen deficiency, and gut microbiota: a pilot study. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2022; 42:353-363. [PMID: 35610004 PMCID: PMC9924678 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20220408.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of slow transit constipation (STC) and spleen deficiency on gut microbiota, and the mechanism underlying the action that the positive drug Maren Runchang (MR) alleviates STC. METHODS STC was induced, using the cathartic method of Senna and the hunger-fullness disorder method, in ICR mice; one group of model mice was treated with MR (6.24 g/kg). The changes in the general condition, fecal parameters, D-xylose content in the serum, intestinal propulsion rate, and histopathology of the colon were assessed after STC induction in the control, model, and MR groups. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed from STC mice into pseudo germ-free mice. Changes in the contents of substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and gut microbiota in STC mice and pseudo germ-free mice were assessed after FMT. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the model mice showed the following results: the time of the first black stool was significantly longer ( 0.01), the number and weight of black stools were significantly reduced within 6 h ( 0.05), the D-xylose content in the serum was significantly reduced ( < 0.05), the intestinal propulsion rate decreased ( < 0.01), the content of VIP in colon tissue significantly increased ( < 0.05), and SP content in the colon tissue significantly decreased ( < 0.01); moreover, the colon showed significant inflame-mation and injury. Furthermore, the abundance of Firmicutes was increased, the abundance of Bacteroides decreased, and the abundance of decreased, while the abundance of the conditional pathogenic bacteria and Klebsiella increased. However, after treatment with MR, the time of the first black stool decreased (0.01), the number of black stools within 6 h increased, and the intestinal propulsion rate increased ( < 0.05). Moreover, the content of D-xylose in the serum and the content of VIP in colon tissue significantly decreased ( < 0.05), the content of SP in colon tissue significantly increased ( < 0.01), and colon inflammation significantly improved. Additionally, the abundance of Firmicutes decreased, and the abundance of Bacteroides increased. The abundance of increased, and the abundance of decreased. In the model + FMT group, compared with control + FMT group, the content of VIP in colon tissue decreased ( < 0.05), the content of SP in colon tissue significantly increased ( < 0.01), and the abundance of probiotics, such as , decreased. In the MR + FMT group, compared with the model + FMT group, the content of VIP in colon tissue increased, the content of SP in colon tissue significantly decreased ( < 0.01), and the abundance of probiotics increased. CONCLUSIONS STC mice with spleen deficiency show a decreased abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as , and an increased abundance of the conditional pathogenic bacteria . Furthermore, the mechanism of action of MR in treating STC may involve the regulation of intestinal movement, reduction of intestinal inflammation, elevation of intestinal absorption, and regulation of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyue YU
- 1 Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100007, China
| | - Liyu HAO
- 1 Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100007, China
| | - Zongyuan LI
- 2 Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jianhui SUN
- 1 Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100007, China
| | - Hongying CHEN
- 3 Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Hairu HUO
- 1 Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100007, China
| | - Xiaoqin LI
- 1 Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100007, China
| | - Zhongchao SHAN
- 4 Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 330004, China
| | - Hongmei LI
- 1 Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100007, China
- Pro. LI Hongmei, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100007, China.
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Ozanne J, Shek B, Stephen LA, Novak A, Milne E, Mclachlan G, Midwood KS, Farquharson C. Tenascin-C is a driver of inflammation in the DSS model of colitis. Matrix Biol Plus 2022; 14:100112. [PMID: 35669358 PMCID: PMC9166467 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2022.100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased tenascin-C staining appeared to predominantly occur in damaged ulcerated areas. Tenascin-C knock-out mice were partly protected from DSS induced colitis. Mice deficient in tenascin-C had areas of + ve EpCAM staining indicating that crypt and epithelial integrity was maintained.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a grouping of chronic inflammatory disorders of the gut. Tenascin-C is a pro-inflammatory, extracellular matrix protein found upregulated in IBD patients and whilst a pathological driver of chronic inflammation, its precise role in the etiology of IBD is unknown. To study tenascin-C’s role in colitis pathology we investigated its expression in a murine model of IBD. Wild-type (WT) or tenascin-C knockout (KO) male mice were left untreated or treated with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) in their drinking water. Tenascin-C was upregulated at the mRNA level in the colitic distal colon of day eight DSS treated mice, coinciding with significant increases in gross and histological pathology. Immunohistochemistry localized this increase in tenascin-C to areas of inflammation and ulceration in the mucosa. Tenascin-C KO mice exhibited reduced gross pathology in comparison. These differences also extended to the histopathological level where reduced colonic inflammation and tissue damage were found in KO compared to WT mice. Furthermore, the severity of the distal colon lesions were less in the KO mice after 17 days of recovery from DSS treatment. This study demonstrates a role for tenascin-C as a driver of inflammatory pathology in a murine model of IBD and thus suggests neutralizing its pro-inflammatory activity could be explored as a therapeutic strategy for treating IBD.
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Fan L, Qi Y, Qu S, Chen X, Li A, Hendi M, Xu C, Wang L, Hou T, Si J, Chen S. B. adolescentis ameliorates chronic colitis by regulating Treg/Th2 response and gut microbiota remodeling. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1-17. [PMID: 33557671 PMCID: PMC7889144 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1826746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is defined as an immune dysregulation disease with poor prognosis. Various therapies based on gut microbe modulation have been proposed. In this study, we aim to explore the therapeutic effect of B. adolescentis on IBD, as well as the immune and microecology mechanism of B. adolescentis in IBD. The fecal level of B. adolescentis was decreased in the IBD patients compared with the normal people in our cohort and the GMrepo database. To further clarify the role of B. adolescentis in IBD, we induced chronic colitis with three cycles of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). We found B. adolescentis gavage exhibited protective effects as evidenced by the significantly decreased diarrhea score, spleen weight, and increased colon length. Accordingly, the cumulative histological grading was decreased in the B. adolescentis administration group. In addition, tight junction protein and mucin family were enhanced after B. adolescentis treatment. Furthermore, distinct effects were found with decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-22, IL-9 and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10, IL-4, IL-5. Importantly, the colon lamina propria in the B. adolescentis group consisted of more Treg and Th2 cells, which inhibited extreme gut inflammation. Additionally, 16srRNA sequencing showed an evident increase in the B:F ratio in the B. adolescentis group. In particular, B. adolescentis application inhibited the excessive growth of Akkermansia and Escherichia-Shigella in genus level. In conclusion, B. adolescentis refined the DSS-induced chronic colitis by stimulating protective Treg/Th2 response and gut microbiota remodeling. B. adolescentis regularly treatment might improve the therapeutic effects for inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yadong Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siwen Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aiqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maher Hendi
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaochao Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tongyao Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Tongyao Hou Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, China, 310016
| | - Jianmin Si
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Jianmin Si
| | - Shujie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China,CONTACT Shujie Chen
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Feng X, Du C, Wang C. Structural characterization of polysaccharide from yellow sweet potato and ameliorates DSS-induced mice colitis by active GPR41/MEK/ERK 1/2 signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:278-288. [PMID: 34597702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A polysaccharide isolated from yellow sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) consisted of Rha, Ara, Gal, Glc, GalA, GlcA with the ratio of 1.00, 2.00, 3.63, 1.21, 1.17, 1.14, respectively. The molecular weight (Mw) of RSPP-A was determinted to be 2.51×106 kDa. Methylation, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (1D & 2D) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis indicated that RSPP-A possessed six glycosidic bonds including α-L-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, β-D-Glcp-(1→, →3)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →3)-α-L-Rhap-(1→. In dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced mouse-acute-colitis model, the results indicated that RSPP-A could down- regulate the secretion of IL-6 and IL-1β, and promote the secretion of IL-10 in serum and colon, which also suggested that RSPP-A could enhance the contents of short chain fatty acids(SCFAs) and up-regulate the expression of G protein-coupled receptor (GPR41) in colon. Moreover, the expression of Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) were up-regulated in colon after intervention with RSPP-A, result from above suggested that the anti-inflammatory activity might be related to the production of SCFA, activating GPR41/MEK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China.
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14
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López-Estévez S, Gris G, de la Puente B, Carceller A, Martínez V. Intestinal inflammation-associated hypersensitivity is attenuated in a DSS model of colitis in Sigma-1 knockout C57BL/6 mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112126. [PMID: 34474349 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptors (σ1R) have been implicated in several pain pathways. We assessed the implication of σ1Rs in the development of intestinal inflammation and inflammation-associated referred hypersensitivity in a model of colitis in σ1R knockout (KO) mice. Colitis was induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in wild type (WT) and σ1R KO mice. The development of referred mechanical hypersensitivity (von Frey test) was assessed. Colonic and spinal changes in expression of immune- and sensory-related markers were also investigated (RT-qPCR/Western blot). Absence of σ1Rs had little impact in colitis generation and progression, although during the chronic phase a reduction in edema and a down-regulation of iNOS gene expression was observed. In σ1R KO mice, inflammation-associated hypersensitivity was significantly attenuated (paw) or completely prevented (abdomen). During colitis, in WT mice, changes in the colonic expression of nociceptive markers were observed during the acute and chronic phases of inflammation. Although σ1R KO mice showed similar regulation in the acute phase, an attenuated response was observed during the chronic phase of colitis. These differences were especially relevant for CB2 and TRPV1 receptors, which could play an important role in σ1-mediated regulation of sensitivity. No changes were detected on ERK phosphorylation at the level of the lumbosacral spinal cord. In summary, intestinal inflammation-associated referred hyperalgesia was reduced (paw) or absent (abdomen) in σ1R KO mice, thus confirming an important role for σ1R in the development of colitis-associated hypersensitivity. These results identify σ1Rs as a possible therapeutic target for the treatment of hypersensitivity associated to intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio López-Estévez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georgia Gris
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Discovery & Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz de la Puente
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Discovery & Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Carceller
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Discovery & Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Merkley SD, Goodfellow SM, Guo Y, Wilton ZER, Byrum JR, Schwalm KC, Dinwiddie DL, Gullapalli RR, Deretic V, Jimenez Hernandez A, Bradfute SB, In JG, Castillo EF. Non-autophagy Role of Atg5 and NBR1 in Unconventional Secretion of IL-12 Prevents Gut Dysbiosis and Inflammation. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 16:259-274. [PMID: 34374750 PMCID: PMC8864635 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal myeloid cells play a critical role in balancing intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. Here, we report that expression of the autophagy-related 5 [Atg5] protein in myeloid cells prevents dysbiosis and excessive intestinal inflammation by limiting IL-12 production. Mice with a selective genetic deletion of Atg5 in myeloid cells [Atg5ΔMye] showed signs of dysbiosis preceding colitis, and exhibited severe intestinal inflammation upon colitis induction that was characterised by increased IFNγ production. The exacerbated colitis was linked to excess IL-12 secretion from Atg5-deficient myeloid cells and gut dysbiosis. Restoration of the intestinal microbiota or genetic deletion of IL-12 in Atg5ΔMye mice attenuated the intestinal inflammation in Atg5ΔMye mice. Additionally, Atg5 functions to limit IL-12 secretion through modulation of late endosome [LE] acidity. Last, the autophagy cargo receptor NBR1, which accumulates in Atg5-deficient cells, played a role by delivering IL-12 to LE. In summary, Atg5 expression in intestinal myeloid cells acts as an anti-inflammatory brake to regulate IL-12, thus preventing dysbiosis and uncontrolled IFNγ-driven intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth D Merkley
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Samuel M Goodfellow
- Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Yan Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Zoe E R Wilton
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Janie R Byrum
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Kurt C Schwalm
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Darrell L Dinwiddie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Rama R Gullapalli
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Vojo Deretic
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Anthony Jimenez Hernandez
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Steven B Bradfute
- Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Julie G In
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eliseo F Castillo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Corresponding author: Eliseo F. Castillo, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, MSC 10 550, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.
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16
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Shao BZ, Yao Y, Zhai JS, Zhu JH, Li JP, Wu K. The Role of Autophagy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Physiol 2021; 12:621132. [PMID: 33633585 PMCID: PMC7902040 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.621132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic intestinal inflammatory disease, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). The abnormality of inflammatory and immune responses in the intestine contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of IBD. Autophagy is a vital catabolic process in cells. Recent studies report that autophagy is highly involved in various kinds of diseases, especially inflammation-related diseases, such as IBD. In this review, the biological characteristics of autophagy and its role in IBD will be described and discussed based on recent literature. In addition, several therapies for IBD through modulating the inflammasome and intestinal microbiota taking advantage of autophagy regulation will be introduced. We aim to bring new insight in the exploration of mechanisms for IBD and development of novel therapeutic strategies against IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Zong Shao
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yao
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Shan Zhai
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhu
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Ping Li
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wu
- The 8th Medical Center of General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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17
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Han Y, Wang X, Cheng X, Zhao M, Zhao T, Guo L, Liu D, Wu K, Fan M, Shi M, Zhu L. Close Homolog of L1 Deficiency Exacerbated Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function in Mouse Model of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:584508. [PMID: 33240104 PMCID: PMC7677258 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.584508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell adhesion molecule CHL1, which belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, functions in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including neural development, tissue injury, and repair. We previously found that the loss of CHL1 exacerbated the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. In the present study, we further addressed the role of CHL1 in mouse model of DSS-induced colitis and its’ potential mechanism. Colon tissues were collected from CHL1+/+, CHL1+/−, and CHL1−/− mice after DSS induction to investigate the effects of CHL1 on the development of colitis. The data showed that CHL1 was expressed in intestine tissue, and expression of CHL1 was increased by DSS-induced inflammation. CHL1 deficiency induced more pronounced colitis features, exacerbated inflammation, and damage to colonic tissues in DSS-induced mice. Moreover, colonic tissues of CHL1−/− mice showed a marked increase in neutrophil and macrophage infiltration, be accompanied by more severe damage to intestinal epithelial cells and higher fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) leakage. Our results revealed deficiency of CHL1 exacerbated DSS-induced colitis, and this pathogenesis was potentially mediated by disruption of intestinal barrier integrity, indicating that CHL1 may be an attractive therapeutic target for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kuiwu Wu
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Fan
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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18
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Pan HH, Zhou XX, Ma YY, Pan WS, Zhao F, Yu MS, Liu JQ. Resveratrol alleviates intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mice by enhancing autophagy. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:4945-4959. [PMID: 32952341 PMCID: PMC7476174 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i33.4945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Recent studies have revealed that impaired autophagy is associated with intestinal mucosal dysfunction in the mucosa of colitis mice. Resveratrol exerts anti-inflammatory functions by regulating autophagy.
AIM To investigate the effect and mechanism of resveratrol on protecting the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier and anti-inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis mice.
METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: negative control group, DSS model group, DSS + resveratrol group, and DSS + 5-aminosalicylic acid group. The severity of colitis was assessed by the disease activity index, serum inflammatory cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Colon tissues were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, and mucosal damage was evaluated by mean histological score. The expression of occludin and ZO-1 in colon tissue was evaluated using immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, the expression of autophagy-related genes was determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western-blot, and morphology of autophagy was observed by transmission electron microscopy.
RESULTS The resveratrol treatment group showed a 1.72-fold decrease in disease activity index scores and 1.42, 3.81, and 1.65-fold decrease in the production of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β, respectively, in DSS-induced colitis mice compared with DSS group (P < 0.05). The expressions of the tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1 in DSS model group were decreased, and were increased in resveratrol-treated colitis group. Resveratrol also increased the levels of LC3B (by 1.39-fold compared with DSS group) and Beclin-1 (by 1.49-fold compared with DSS group) (P < 0.05), as well as the number of autophagosomes, which implies that the resveratrol may alleviate intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction in DSS-induced UC mice by enhancing autophagy.
CONCLUSION Resveratrol treatment decreased the expression of inflammatory factors, increased the expression of tight junction proteins and alleviated UC intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction; this effect may be achieved by enhancing autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Hai Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying-Yu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Sheng Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mo-Sang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing-Quan Liu
- Critical Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
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19
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Anti-inflammatory properties and gut microbiota modulation of an alkali-soluble polysaccharide from purple sweet potato in DSS-induced colitis mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:708-722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Su C, Liu S, Ma X, Yang X, Liu J, Zheng P, Cao Y. Decitabine attenuates dextran sodium sulfate‑induced ulcerative colitis through regulation of immune regulatory cells and intestinal barrier. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:583-594. [PMID: 32468024 PMCID: PMC7307821 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of decitabine on the regulation of intestinal barrier function in mice with inflammatory bowel disease, an experimental model of colitis was established via drinking water with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the colon. Cytokine production was measured by an ELISA assay. Flow cytometry was used to measure the level of regulatory T cells. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses detected the protein expression and distribution in colon tissue. Following the administration of decitabine, the symptoms of intestinal inflammation in the mice were significantly relieved; the expression of IL-17 was decreased, and the levels of TGF-β and IL-10 were increased. In addition, the induction of forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) in naive T cells increased the proportion of CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells in CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, decitabine increased the levels of zonular occludens-1 and occludin, and inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and p38. In conclusion, the present study suggested that decitabine could alleviate DSS-induced impaired colon barrier and the weight loss, mucus and bloody stools in mice by releasing the inhibitory factor IL-10, reducing the pro-inflammatory factor IL-17, activating CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells and inhibiting the activation of the MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Su
- Department of Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Shaoqun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Jianwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Peiyong Zheng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yiou Cao
- Department of Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
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21
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Jia L, Wu R, Han N, Fu J, Luo Z, Guo L, Su Y, Du J, Liu Y. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG regulate the Th17/Treg balance in colitis via TLR4 and TLR2. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1213. [PMID: 33282294 PMCID: PMC7685903 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CD4+ T cells are the key to many immune-inflammatory diseases mediated by microbial disorders, especially inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The purpose of this study was to explore how pathogenic and probiotic bacteria directly affect the T helper (Th)17 and T regulatory (Treg) cell balance among CD4+ T cells to regulate inflammation. METHODS Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg; ATCC 33277) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG; CICC 6141) were selected as representative pathogenic and probiotic bacteria, respectively. Bacterial extracts were obtained via ultrasonication and ultracentrifugation. Flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, ELISAs, immunofluorescence and a Quantibody cytokine array were used. The dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis model was selected for verification. RESULTS The Pg ultrasonicate induced the apoptosis of CD4+ T cells and upregulated the expression of the Th17-associated transcription factor RoRγt and the production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-17 and IL-6, but downregulated the expression of the essential Treg transcription factor Foxp3 and the production of the anti-inflammatory factors TGF-β and IL-10 via the TLR4 pathway. However, LGG extract maintained Th17/Treg homeostasis by decreasing the IL-17+ Th17 proportion and increasing the CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg proportion via the TLR2 pathway. In vivo, Pg-stimulated CD4+ T cells aggravated DSS-induced colitis by increasing the Th17/Treg ratio in the colon and lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs), and Pg + LGG-stimulated CD4+ T cells relieved colitis by decreasing the Th17/Treg ratio via the JAK-STAT signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that pathogenic Pg and probiotic LGG can directly regulate the Th17/Treg balance via different TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jia
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of PeriodonticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionSchool of StomatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ruiqing Wu
- Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Nannan Han
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of PeriodonticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionSchool of StomatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jingfei Fu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of PeriodonticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionSchool of StomatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhenhua Luo
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of PeriodonticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionSchool of StomatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lijia Guo
- Department of OrthodonticsSchool of StomatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yingying Su
- Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Juan Du
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of PeriodonticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionSchool of StomatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of PeriodonticsBeijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionSchool of StomatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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Epithelial RABGEF1 deficiency promotes intestinal inflammation by dysregulating intrinsic MYD88-dependent innate signaling. Mucosal Immunol 2020; 13:96-109. [PMID: 31628426 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0211-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) contribute to the regulation of intestinal homeostasis and inflammation through their interactions with the environment and host immune responses. Yet our understanding of IEC-intrinsic regulatory pathways remains incomplete. Here, we identify the guanine nucleotide exchange factor RABGEF1 as a regulator of intestinal homeostasis and innate pathways dependent on IECs. Mice with IEC-specific Rabgef1 deletion (called Rabgef1IEC-KO mice) developed a delayed spontaneous colitis associated with the local upregulation of IEC chemokine expression. In mouse models of colitis based on Interleukin-10 deficiency or dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) exposure, we found that IEC-intrinsic RABGEF1 deficiency exacerbated development of intestinal pathology and dysregulated IEC innate pathways and chemokine expression. Mechanistically, we showed that RABGEF1 deficiency in mouse IECs in vitro was associated with an impairment of early endocytic events, an increased activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent pathway, and increased chemokine secretion. Moreover, we provided evidence that the development of spontaneous colitis was dependent on microbiota-derived signals and intrinsic MYD88-dependent pathways in vivo. Our study identifies mouse RABGEF1 as an important regulator of intestinal inflammation, MYD88-dependent IEC-intrinsic signaling, and chemokine production. This suggests that RABGEF1-dependent pathways represent interesting therapeutic targets for inflammatory conditions in the gut.
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Lertnimitphun P, Jiang Y, Kim N, Fu W, Zheng C, Tan H, Zhou H, Zhang X, Pei W, Lu Y, Xu H. Safranal Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis and Suppresses Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1281. [PMID: 31736758 PMCID: PMC6838343 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:Crocus sativus (saffron) is widely used in China, Iran, and India for dyeing and as a food additive and medicinal plant. Safranal, as one of the main constituents of saffron, is responsible for its aroma and has been reported to have anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation properties. Objective: In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Safranal in RAW264.7 cells, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice. Methods: Safranal toxicity was determined using an MTT assay. We evaluated the inhibitory effect of nitric oxide (NO) and levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in RAW264.7 cells and BMDMs. We assessed the inhibitory effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the mRNA expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), classical inflammatory pathways (MAPK and NF-κB), and the nuclear translocation factors AP-1 and NF-κB p65 were investigated. The in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of Safranal were assessed in a DSS-induced colitis model. DSS3.5% was used to induce colitis in mice with or without Safranal for 7 days; weight and disease activity index (DAI) were recorded daily. At the end of the experiment, the colon, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), and spleen were collected for flow cytometry, ELISA, and Western blot analysis. Results: Safranal suppressed NO production, iNOS, and COX-2 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and BMDMs. Safranal decreased the production and mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in the RAW264.7 cell line and inhibited the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of components of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Safranal alleviated clinical symptoms in the DSS-induced colitis model, and colon histology showed decreased severity of inflammation, depth of inflammatory involvement, and crypt damage. Immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry showed reduced macrophage infiltration in colonic tissues and macrophage numbers in MLNs and the spleen. The levels of colonic IL-6 and TNF-α also decreased in Safranal-treated colitis mice. This study elucidates the anti-inflammation activity of Safranal, which may be a candidate for inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBD) therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yiwen Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nami Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese medicine Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Weizhong Pei
- Shanghai Traditional Chinese medicine Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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24
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Sireswar S, Ghosh I, Dey G. First and second generation probiotic therapeutics for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. PHARMANUTRITION 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2019.100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Nunes NS, Chandran P, Sundby M, Visioli F, da Costa Gonçalves F, Burks SR, Paz AH, Frank JA. Therapeutic ultrasound attenuates DSS-induced colitis through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. EBioMedicine 2019; 45:495-510. [PMID: 31253515 PMCID: PMC6642284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is an Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) characterized by uncontrolled immune response, diarrhoea, weight loss and bloody stools, where sustained remission is not currently achievable. Dextran Sulphate Sodium (DSS)-induced colitis is an animal model that closely mimics human UC. Ultrasound (US) has been shown to prevent experimental acute kidney injury through vagus nerve (VN) stimulation and activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP). Since IBD patients may present dysfunctional VN activity, our aim was to determine the effects of therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) in DSS-induced colitis. METHODS Acute colitis was induced by 2% DSS in drinking water for 7 days and TUS was administered to the abdominal area for 7 min/day from days 4-10. Clinical symptoms were analysed, and biological samples were collected for proteomics, macroscopic and microscopic analysis, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. FINDINGS TUS attenuated colitis by reducing clinical scores, colon shortening and histological damage, inducing proteomic tolerogenic response in the gut during the injury phase and early recovery of experimental colitis. TUS did not improve clinical and pathological outcomes in splenectomised mice, while α7nAChR (α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor - indicator of CAIP involvement) knockout animals presented with disease worsening. Increased levels of colonic F4/80+α7nAChR+ macrophages in wild type mice suggest CAIP activation. INTERPRETATION These results indicate TUS improved DSS-induced colitis through stimulation of the splenic nerve along with possible contribution by VN with CAIP activation. FUND: Intramural Research Programs of the Clinical Centre, the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering at the NIH and CAPES/Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Schneider Nunes
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Centre, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States; Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences Graduate Program, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Parwathy Chandran
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Centre, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Maggie Sundby
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Centre, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Pathology, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Scott Robert Burks
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Centre, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ana Helena Paz
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences Graduate Program, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Joseph Alan Frank
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Centre, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Britto SL, Krishna M, Kellermayer R. Weight loss is a sufficient and economical single outcome measure of murine dextran sulfate sodium colitis. FASEB Bioadv 2019; 1:493-497. [PMID: 32123846 PMCID: PMC6996316 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2019-00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) are becoming common around the world without a cure. Animal models of colitis have become instrumental in IBD research. The dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced murine colitis model is likely the most utilized due to its simplicity and reproducibility with over 4000 publications on PubMed, where weight loss is the most commonly used and reliable positive correlate. We predicted at current state of art, that the DSS colitis model can be optimized by using weight loss as a single cost‐saving outcome measure. Twenty recent and consecutive publications using the DSS model in PubMed were selected for review. Guarded cost estimations for additional outcome measures of colitis beyond weight loss were performed. In all manuscripts (100%), weight loss corroborated the conclusions. Average excess cost for examining additional measures of colitis was approximately $6700 per publication. Two studies (10.5%) were estimated to have spent over $20,000 in excess. Additional measures of colitis either supported the final conclusions found with weight loss, or lead to indeterminate results. Potential annual savings from following our guidance were calculated to be over $60,000 for and IBD lab. We conclude that weight loss is a sufficient, objective, and economical outcome measure of DSS‐induced colitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savini Lanka Britto
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology Texas Children's Hospital Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Mahesh Krishna
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology Texas Children's Hospital Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Richard Kellermayer
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology Texas Children's Hospital Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas.,USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center Houston Texas
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Yoon JW, Ahn SI, Jhoo JW, Kim GY. Antioxidant Activity of Yogurt Fermented at Low Temperature and Its Anti-inflammatory Effect on DSS-induced Colitis in Mice. Food Sci Anim Resour 2019; 39:162-176. [PMID: 30882084 PMCID: PMC6411250 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2019.e13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of yogurt fermented
at low temperature and the anti-inflammatory effect it has on induced colitis
with 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in Balb/c mice. Yogurt premix were
fermented with a commercial starter culture containing Lactobacillus
acidophilus, Bifidobacterium lactis,
Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactobacillus
delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus at different
temperatures: 22°C (low fermentation temperature) for 27 h and
37°C (general fermentation temperature) for 12 h. To measure antioxidant
activity of yogurt samples, DPPH, ABTS+ and ferric reducing
antioxidant potential (FRAP) assays were conducted. For animal experiments,
inflammation was induced with 2.5% DSS in Balb/c mice. Yogurt fermented
at low temperature showed higher antioxidant activity than that of the yogurt
fermented at general temperature. In the inflammatory study, IL-6 (interleukin
6) was decreased and IL-4 and IL-10 increased significantly in DSS group with
yogurt fermented at general temperature (DYG) and that with yogurt fermented at
low temperature (DYL) compared to that in DSS-induced colitic mice (DC),
especially DYL had higher concentration of cytokines IL-4, and IL-10 than DYG.
MPO (myeloperoxidase) tended to decrease more in treatments with yogurt than DC.
Additionally, yogurt fermented at low temperature had anti-inflammatory
activity, although there was no significant difference with general
temperature-fermented yogurt (p>0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Woo Yoon
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Sung-Il Ahn
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Jhoo
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Gur-Yoo Kim
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
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