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Pal S, Arisha R, Mazumder PM. A systematic review of preclinical studies targeted toward the management of co-existing functional gastrointestinal disorders, stress, and gut dysbiosis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03332-z. [PMID: 39096376 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03332-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Modern dietary habits and stressed lifestyle have escalated the tendency to develop functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) through alteration in the gut-brain-microbiome axis. Clinical practices use symptomatic treatments, neglect root causes, and prolong distress in patients. The past decade has seen the evolution of various interventions to attenuate FGIDs. But clinical translation of such studies is very rare mostly due to lack of awareness. The aim of this review is to meticulously integrate different studies and bridge this knowledge gap. Literature between 2013 and 2023 was retrieved from PubMed, ProQuest, and Web of Science. The data was extracted based on the PRISMA guidelines and using the SYRCLE's risk of bias and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tools, quality assessment was performed. The review has highlighted molecular insights into the coexistence of FGIDs, stress, and gut dysbiosis. Furthermore, novel interventions focusing on diet, probiotics, herbal formulations, and phytoconstituents were explored which mostly had a multitargeted approach for the management of the diseases. Scientific literature implied positive interactions between the interventions and the gut microbiome by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and reducing stress-related hormones. Moreover, the interventions reduced intestinal inflammation and regulated the expression of epithelial tight junction proteins in different in vivo models. This systematic review delves deep into the preclinical interventions to manage coexisting FGIDs, stress, and gut dysbiosis. However, in most of the discussed studies, long-term risks and toxicity profile of the interventions are lacking. So, it is necessary to highlight them for improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyashi Pal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Ruhi Arisha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Papiya Mitra Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India.
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Hsieh HL, Yu MC, Chang YC, Wu YH, Huang KH, Tsai MM. Lonicera japonica Thunb. Ethanol Extract Exerts a Protective Effect on Normal Human Gastric Epithelial Cells by Modulating the Activity of Tumor-Necrosis-Factor-α-Induced Inflammatory Cyclooxygenase 2/Prostaglandin E2 and Matrix Metalloproteinase 9. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7303-7323. [PMID: 39057074 PMCID: PMC11276375 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric inflammation-related disorders are commonly observed digestive system illnesses characterized by the activation of proinflammatory cytokines, particularly tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). This results in the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/prostaglandin E2 (PEG2) and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9). These factors contribute to the pathogenesis of gastric inflammation disorders. We examined the preventive effects of Lonicera japonica Thunb. ethanol extract (Lj-EtOH) on gastric inflammation induced by TNF-α in normal human gastric mucosa epithelial cells (GES-1). The GES-1 cell line was used to establish a model that simulated the overexpression of COX-2/PGE2 and MMP-9 proteins induced by TNF-α to examine the anti-inflammatory properties of Lj extracts. The results indicated that Lj-EtOH exhibits significant inhibitory effects on COX-2/PEG2 and MMP-9 activity, attenuates cell migration, and provides protection against TNF-α-induced gastric inflammation. The protective effects of Lj-EtOH are associated with the modulation of COX-2/PEG2 and MMP-9 through the activation of TNFR-ERK 1/2 signaling pathways as well as the involvement of c-Fos and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Based on our findings, Lj-EtOH exhibits a preventive effect on human gastric epithelial cells. Consequently, it may represent a novel treatment for the management of gastric inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Lung Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.W.)
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center of Biochemical Engineering Technology, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 301, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chin Yu
- Department of General Surgery, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei 236, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.W.)
| | - Yi-Hsuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.W.)
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Huang
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Clinical Serology and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-H.W.)
- Department of General Surgery, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei 236, Taiwan;
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
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Shao G, Liu Y, Lu L, Wang L, Ji G, Xu H. Therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of digestive inflammatory cancer transformation: Portulaca oleracea L. as a promising drug. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:117999. [PMID: 38447616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for centuries to treat various types of inflammation and tumors of the digestive system. Portulaca oleracea L. (POL), has been used in TCM for thousands of years. The chemical composition of POL is variable and includes flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and organic acids and other classes of natural compounds. Many of these compounds exhibit powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer-transforming effects in the digestive system. AIM OF STUDY In this review, we focus on the potential therapeutic role of POL in NASH, gastritis and colitis and their associated cancers, with a focus on the pharmacological properties and potential mechanisms of action of the main natural active compounds in POL. METHODS The information and data on Portulaca oleracea L. and its main active ingredients were collated from various resources like ethnobotanical textbooks and literature databases such as CNKI, VIP (Chinese literature), PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier and Google Scholar (English literatures), Wiley, Springer, Tailor and Francis, Scopus, Inflibnet. RESULTS Kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, genistein, EPA, DHA, and melatonin were found to improve NASH and NASH-HCC, while kaempferol, apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin played a therapeutic role in gastritis and gastric cancer. Apigenin, luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, genistein, lupeol, vitamin C and melatonin were found to have therapeutic effects in the treatment of colitis and its associated cancers. The discovery of the beneficial effects of these natural active compounds in POL supports the idea that POL could be a promising novel candidate for the treatment and prevention of inflammation-related cancers of the digestive system. CONCLUSION The discovery of the beneficial effects of these natural active compounds in POL supports the idea that POL could be a promising novel candidate for the treatment and prevention of inflammation-related cancers of the digestive system. However, clinical data describing the mode of action of the naturally active compounds of POL are still lacking. In addition, pharmacokinetic data for POL compounds, such as changes in drug dose and absorption rates, cannot be extrapolated from animal models and need to be measured in patients in clinical trials. On the one hand, a systematic meta-analysis of the existing publications on TCM containing POL still needs to be carried out. On the other hand, studies on the hepatic and renal toxicity of POL are also needed. Additionally, well-designed preclinical and clinical studies to validate the therapeutic effects of TCM need to be performed, thus hopefully providing a basis for the validation of the clinical benefits of POL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxuan Shao
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China.
| | - Hanchen Xu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, China.
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Sabiha S, Hasan K, Lima K, Malmir M, Serrano R, Moreira da Silva I, Rocha J, Islam N, Silva O. Quality Studies on Cynometra iripa Leaf and Bark as Herbal Medicines. Molecules 2024; 29:2629. [PMID: 38893505 PMCID: PMC11173719 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cynometra iripa Kostel. is a Fabaceae species of mangrove used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine for treating inflammatory conditions. The present study aims to establish monographic botanical and chemical quality criteria for C. iripa leaf and bark as herbal substances and to evaluate their in vitro antioxidant potential. Macroscopic and microscopic qualitative and quantitative analyses, chemical LC-UV/DAD-ESI/MS profiling, and the quantification of key chemical classes were performed. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assays. Macroscopically, the leaf is asymmetrical with an emarginated apex and cuneate base. Microscopically, it shows features such as two-layered adaxial palisade parenchyma, vascular bundles surrounded by 3-6 layers of sclerenchyma, prismatic calcium oxalate crystals (5.89 ± 1.32 μm) along the fibers, paracytic stomata only on the abaxial epidermis (stomatal index-20.15), and non-glandular trichomes only on petiolules. The microscopic features of the bark include a broad cortex with large lignified sclereids, prismatic calcium oxalate crystals (8.24 ± 1.57 μm), and secondary phloem with distinct 2-5 seriated medullary rays without crystals. Chemical profile analysis revealed that phenolic derivatives, mainly condensed tannins and flavonoids, are the main classes identified. A total of 22 marker compounds were tentatively identified in both plant parts. The major compounds identified in the leaf were quercetin-3-O-glucoside and taxifolin pentoside and in the bark were B-type dimeric proanthocyanidins and taxifolin 3-O-rhamnoside. The total phenolics content was higher in the leaf (1521 ± 4.71 mg GAE/g dry weight), while the total flavonoids and condensed tannins content were higher in the bark (82 ± 0.58 mg CE/g and 1021 ± 5.51 mg CCE/g dry weight, respectively). A total of 70% of the hydroethanolic extracts of leaf and bark showed higher antioxidant activity than the ascorbic acid and concentration-dependent scavenging activity in the DPPH assay (IC50 23.95 ± 0.93 and 23.63 ± 1.37 µg/mL, respectively). A positive and statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlation between the phenol content and antioxidant activity was found. The results obtained will provide important clues for the quality control criteria of C. iripa leaf and bark, as well as for the knowledge of their pharmacological potential as possible anti-inflammatory agents with antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Sabiha
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.S.); (K.H.); (K.L.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (I.M.d.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Kamrul Hasan
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.S.); (K.H.); (K.L.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (I.M.d.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Katelene Lima
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.S.); (K.H.); (K.L.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (I.M.d.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Maryam Malmir
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.S.); (K.H.); (K.L.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (I.M.d.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Rita Serrano
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.S.); (K.H.); (K.L.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (I.M.d.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Isabel Moreira da Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.S.); (K.H.); (K.L.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (I.M.d.S.); (J.R.)
| | - João Rocha
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.S.); (K.H.); (K.L.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (I.M.d.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Nurul Islam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh;
| | - Olga Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.S.); (K.H.); (K.L.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (I.M.d.S.); (J.R.)
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Hilal B, Khan MM, Fariduddin Q. Recent advancements in deciphering the therapeutic properties of plant secondary metabolites: phenolics, terpenes, and alkaloids. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108674. [PMID: 38705044 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Plants produce a diverse range of secondary metabolites that serve as defense compounds against a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, their potential curative attributes in addressing various human diseases render them valuable in the development of pharmaceutical drugs. Different secondary metabolites including phenolics, terpenes, and alkaloids have been investigated for their antioxidant and therapeutic potential. A vast number of studies evaluated the specific compounds that possess crucial medicinal properties (such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticancerous, and antibacterial), their mechanisms of action, and potential applications in pharmacology and medicine. Therefore, an attempt has been made to characterize the secondary metabolites studied in medicinal plants, a brief overview of their biosynthetic pathways and mechanisms of action along with their signaling pathways by which they regulate various oxidative stress-related diseases in humans. Additionally, the biotechnological approaches employed to enhance their production have also been discussed. The outcome of the present review will lead to the development of novel and effective phytomedicines in the treatment of various ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisma Hilal
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | | | - Qazi Fariduddin
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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Gong H, Zhao N, Zhu C, Luo L, Liu S. Treatment of gastric ulcer, traditional Chinese medicine may be a better choice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117793. [PMID: 38278376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gastric ulcer (GU) is the injury of the gastric mucosa caused by the stimulation of various pathogenic factors penetrating the deep mucosal muscle layer. An increasing number of studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is highly effective in treating GU due to its multitarget, multilevel, and multi-pathway effects. AIM OF THE STUDY To review the latest research progress in the treatment of GU by TCM, including clinical and experimental studies, focusing on the target and mechanism of action of drugs and providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of GU by natural herbs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases (PubMed, Elsevier, Springer, Web of Science, and CNKI) were searched using the keywords "gastric ulcer", "gastric mucosal lesion", "TCM" and or paired with "peptic ulcer" and "natural drugs" for studies published in the last fifteen years until 2023. RESULTS TCM, including single components of natural products, Chinese patent medicines (CPM), and TCM decoction, is expected to treat GU by regulating various mechanisms, such as redox balance, inflammatory factors, angiogenesis, gastric mucosal protective factors, intestinal flora, apoptosis, and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS We discussed and summarized the mechanism of TCM in the treatment of GU, which provided a sufficient basis for TCM treatment of GU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Gong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Conglei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Liu X, Yu S, Lu X, Zhang Y, Zhong H, Zhou Z, Guan R. Optimization of Preparation Conditions for Quercetin Nanoliposomes Using Response Surface Methodology and Evaluation of Their Stability. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:17154-17162. [PMID: 38645336 PMCID: PMC11024936 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonol compound with excellent biological activities. However, quercetin exhibits poor stability and solubility in water, which limits its application. In this study, quercetin nanoliposomes (QUE-NL-1) were prepared using an ultrasonic thin-film dispersion method, and the preparation conditions were optimized using response surface methodology. The optimal conditions for preparing QUE-NL-1 were as follows: an evaporation temperature of 35 °C, a drug concentration of 0.20 mg/mL, and a lipid bile ratio of 4:1. The encapsulation rate of QUE-NL-1 is (63.73 ± 2.09)%, the average particle size is 134.11 nm, and the average absolute value of the zeta potential is 37.50 and PDI = 0.24. By analyzing the storage temperature, storage time, and leakage rate of QUE-NL-1 in simulated gastrointestinal fluid, it was found that quercetin exhibits good stability after embedding and can achieve sustained release in intestinal juice. In addition, the cytotoxicity of QUE-NL-1 was not significant, and the survival rate of Caco-2 cells was >90% when the concentration range of QUE-NL-1 was 0.1-0.4 mg/mL. This study provides an efficient method for preparing QUE-NL-1 with small particle sizes, good stability, and high safety, which is of great significance for expanding the application range of quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Liu
- College
of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang
University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Shuzhen Yu
- College
of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang
University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xiaoqin Lu
- College
of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang
University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Zhejiang
Provincial Key Lab for Chem and Bio Processing Technology of Farm
Produces, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China
| | - Hao Zhong
- College
of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang
University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhou
- College
of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang
University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Rongfa Guan
- College
of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang
University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
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Lv P, Han P, Cui Y, Chen Q, Cao W. Quercetin attenuates inflammation in LPS-induced lung epithelial cells via the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1185. [PMID: 38353312 PMCID: PMC10865417 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumonia is the leading cause of death among children under five, and kill almost two million children each year. Quercetin, a flavonoid polyphenolic compound, exerts many beneficial biological activities, including anti-inflammatory functions. Our study aimed to investigate the possibility of quercetin as a therapeutic agent for pneumonia and its role in the inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS LPS induced human alveolar epithelial cell A549 as a lung inflammation model in vitro. The effects of quercetin on the production of cytokines and the expression of related-proteins were detected by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay and Western Blot, respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to detect cell viability. flow cytometry was used to measure cell apoptosis. NO levels were also analyzed through NO kit. RESULTS Our results found that quercetin attenuated the release of IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2, and nitrite in LPS-induced A549 cells. In addition, quercetin inhibits cell apoptosis and relieves ROS generation in LPS-induced A549 cells. Quercetin also inhibits LPS-induced NF-κB activation. They have upregulated the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2 (Nrf2) and HO-1. CONCLUSION In conclusion, these results suggested that quercetin attenuates LPS-induced inflammation in A549 by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Lv
- Translational Medical CenterZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Pengli Han
- Translational Medical CenterZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yuanbo Cui
- Translational Medical CenterZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Qiusheng Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Wei Cao
- Translational Medical CenterZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
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Lee TH, Chen JL, Chang CH, Tsai MM, Tseng HC, Chang YC, Shanmugam V, Hsieh HL. A Brain-Protective Sterol from Soft Coral Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-9-Mediated Astrocytic Migration. Biomedicines 2024; 12:226. [PMID: 38275397 PMCID: PMC10813456 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are proteolytic enzymes, promote blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, leading to neuronal damage and neuroinflammation. Among them, MMP-9 upregulation serves as an inflammatory biomarker in the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, the development of marine organism-derived bioactive compounds or metabolites as anti-inflammatory drugs has received considerable attention. The 9,11-secosteroid, 3β,11-dihydroxy-9,11-secogorgost-5-en-9-one (4p3f), is a novel sterol compound extracted from the soft coral Sinularia leptoclado with potential anti-inflammatory activity. However, the effect of and potential for brain protection of 4p3f on brain astrocytes remain unclear. Herein, we used rat brain astrocytes (RBAs) to investigate the effects and signaling mechanisms of 4p3f on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MMP-9 expression via zymographic, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, promoter-reporter, and cell migration analyses. We first found that 4p3f blocked LPS-induced MMP-9 expression in RBAs. Next, we demonstrated that LPS induced MMP-9 expression via the activation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and JNK1/2, which is linked to the STAT3-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. Finally, 4p3f effectively inhibited LPS-induced upregulation of MMP-9-triggered RBA cell migration. These data suggest that a novel sterol from soft coral, 4p3f, may have anti-inflammatory and brain-protective effects by attenuating these signaling pathways of MMP-9-mediated events in brain astrocytes. Accordingly, the soft coral-derived sterol 4p3f may emerge as a potential candidate for drug development or as a natural compound with neuroprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsong-Hai Lee
- Stroke Center and Stroke Section, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Jiun-Liang Chen
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chuan-Hsin Chang
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (M.-M.T.); (H.-C.T.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Ming-Ming Tsai
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (M.-M.T.); (H.-C.T.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Hui-Ching Tseng
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (M.-M.T.); (H.-C.T.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Yu-Chia Chang
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (M.-M.T.); (H.-C.T.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | | | - Hsi-Lung Hsieh
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (M.-M.T.); (H.-C.T.); (Y.-C.C.)
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, R&D Center of Biochemical Engineering Technology, New Taipei City 301, Taiwan
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10
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Weng J, Wu XF, Shao P, Liu XP, Wang CX. Medicine for chronic atrophic gastritis: a systematic review, meta- and network pharmacology analysis. Ann Med 2024; 55:2299352. [PMID: 38170849 PMCID: PMC10769149 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2299352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness and reliability of adding traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the clinical intervention and explore mechanisms of action for chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) through meta- and network pharmacology analysis (NPAs). METHODS A predefined search strategy was used to retrieve literature from PubMed, Embase database, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), Wan Fang Data and China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP). After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included for meta-analysis to provide clinical evidence of the intervention effects. A network meta-analysis using Bayesian networks was conducted to observe the relative effects of different intervention measures and possible ranking of effects. The composition of the TCM formulation in the experimental group was analysed, and association rule mining was performed to identify hub herbal medicines. Target genes for CAG were searched in GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, PharmGKB, Therapeutic Target Database and DrugBank. A regulatory network was constructed to connect the target genes with active ingredients of the hub herbal medicines. Enrichment analyses were performed using the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) to examine the central targets from a comprehensive viewpoint. Protein-protein interaction networks (PPINs) were constructed to identify hub genes and conduct molecular docking with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and corresponding active molecules. RESULTS A total of 1140 participants from 12 RCTs were included in the statistical analysis, confirming that the experimental group receiving the addition of TCM intervention had better clinical efficacy. Seven hub TCMs (Paeonia lactiflora, Atractylodes macrocephala, Pinellia ternata, Citrus reticulata, Codonopsis pilosula, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Coptis chinensis) were identified through association rule analysis of all included TCMs. Thirteen hub genes (CDKN1A, CASP3, STAT1, TP53, JUN, MAPK1, STAT3, MAPK3, MYC, HIF1A, FOS, MAPK14 and AKT1) were obtained from 90 gene PPINs. Differential gene expression analysis between the disease and normal gastric tissue identified MAPK1 and MAPK3 as the significant genes. Molecular docking analysis revealed that naringenin, luteolin and quercetin were the main active compounds with good binding activities to the two hub targets. GO analysis demonstrated the function of the targets in protein binding, while KEGG analysis indicated their involvement in important pathways related to cancer. CONCLUSIONS The results of a meta-analysis of 12 RCTs indicate that TCM intervention can improve the clinical treatment efficacy of CAG. NPAs identified seven hub TCM and 13 target genes associated with their actions, while bioinformatics analysis identified two DEGs between normal and CAG gastric tissues. Finally, molecular docking was employed to reveal the mechanism of action of the active molecules in TCM on the DEGs. These findings not only reveal the mechanisms of action of the active components of the TCMs, but also provide support for the development of new drugs, ultimately blocking the progression from chronic gastritis to gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Weng
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiu-fang Wu
- The Second Hospital Affiliated with Shenyang Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Shao
- The Second Hospital Affiliated with Shenyang Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing-pu Liu
- The Second Hospital Affiliated with Shenyang Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cai-xia Wang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
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11
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Nie K, Zheng Z, Li X, Chang Y, Liu F, Wang X. Explore the active ingredients and potential mechanisms of JianPi QingRe HuaYu Methods in the treatment of gastric inflammation-cancer transformation by network pharmacology and experimental validation. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:411. [PMID: 37964307 PMCID: PMC10644588 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND JianPi QingRe HuaYu Methods (JQH) have been long used to treat chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC). However, whether JQH can inhibit the transformation of gastritis to gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. METHODS Herein, we first retrieved the active ingredients and targets of JQH from the TCMSP database and the targets related to the gastric inflammation-cancer transformation from public databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to gastric inflammation-cancer transformation were identified from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, we obtained the potential therapeutic targets of JQH in treating gastric inflammation-cancer transformation by intersecting drugs and disease targets. The Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses of the potential therapeutic targets were conducted using R software. Next, we conducted molecular docking and in vitro experiments to validate our results. RESULTS We obtained 214 potential therapeutic targets of JQH by intersecting drugs and disease targets. We found that the potential mechanisms of JQH in treating gastric inflammation-cancer transformation might be related to JAK-STAT, Wnt, p53 and VEGF signaling pathways. The molecular docking indicated that quercetin, as the main active ingredient of JQH, might inhibit gastric inflammation-cancer transformation by binding with specific receptors. Our experimental results showed that quercetin inhibited cells proliferation (P < 0.001), promoted cell apoptosis (P < 0.001), reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.001) and promoted the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.001) in MNNG-induced GES-1 cells. Furthermore, quercetin inhibited cells proliferation (P < 0.001) and reduced mRNA and protein level of markers of PLGC (P < 0.001) in CDCA-induced GES-1 cells. CONCLUSION These results provide the material basis and regulatory mechanisms of JQH in treating gastric inflammation-cancer transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kechao Nie
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- School of Health Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiushen Li
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yonglong Chang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - FengBin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- School of Health Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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12
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Chen L, Wei S, He Y, Wang X, He T, Zhang A, Jing M, Li H, Wang R, Zhao Y. Treatment of Chronic Gastritis with Traditional Chinese Medicine: Pharmacological Activities and Mechanisms. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1308. [PMID: 37765116 PMCID: PMC10537303 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic gastritis (CG) is a common clinical digestive system disease, which is not easyily cured and is prone to recurrence. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a significant role in the treatment of CG and has attracted increasing attention for clinical applications. In recent years, a large number of reports have shown that TCM has good therapeutic effect on CG. The aim of this paper is to investigate the pharmacological activities and mechanism of action of TCM in the treatment of CAG. Therefore, by searching the databases of Pubmed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and Baidu academic databases, this paper has summarized the molecular mechanisms of TCM in improving CG. The results show that the improvement of GC by TCM is closely related to a variety of molecular mechanisms, including the inhibition of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, alleviation of oxidative stress, improvement of gastric function, repair of gastric mucosa, inhibition of inflammatory response, and apoptosis. More importantly, IRF8-IFN-γ, IL-4-STAT6, Hedgehog, pERK1/2, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, NF-κB, TNFR-c-Src-ERK1/2-c-Fos, Nrf2/HO-1, and HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathways are considered as important molecular targets for TCM in the treatment of GC. These important findings will provide a direction and a basis for further exploring the pathogenesis of GC and tapping the potential of TCM in clinical treatment. This review also puts forward a bright prospect for future research of TCM in the treatment of CG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (L.C.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (H.L.)
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (L.C.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (H.L.)
| | - Yong He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (L.C.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (H.L.)
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (L.C.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (H.L.)
| | - Tingting He
- Division of Integrative Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100039, China; (T.H.); (A.Z.); (R.W.)
| | - Aozhe Zhang
- Division of Integrative Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100039, China; (T.H.); (A.Z.); (R.W.)
| | - Manyi Jing
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (L.C.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (H.L.)
| | - Haotian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (L.C.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (H.L.)
| | - Ruilin Wang
- Division of Integrative Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100039, China; (T.H.); (A.Z.); (R.W.)
| | - Yanling Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (L.C.); (Y.H.); (X.W.); (M.J.); (H.L.)
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100039, China
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13
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Attar ES, Chaudhari VH, Deokar CG, Dyawanapelly S, Devarajan PV. Nano Drug Delivery Strategies for an Oral Bioenhanced Quercetin Formulation. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 48:495-514. [PMID: 37523008 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-023-00843-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, has been credited with a wide spectrum of therapeutic properties. However, the oral use of quercetin is limited due to its poor water solubility, low bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and rapid plasma clearance. Quercetin has been studied extensively when used with various nanodelivery systems for enhancing quercetin bioavailability. To enhance its oral bioavailability and efficacy, various quercetin-loaded nanosystems such as nanosuspensions, polymer nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, emulsions, liposomes or phytosomes, micelles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and other lipid-based nanoparticles have been investigated in in-vitro cells, in-vivo animal models, and humans. Among the aforementioned nanosystems, quercetin phytosomes are attracting more interest and are available on the market. The present review covers insights into the possibilities of harnessing quercetin for several therapeutic applications and a special focus on anticancer applications and the clinical benefits of nanoquercetin formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha S Attar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Vanashree H Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Chaitanya G Deokar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Sathish Dyawanapelly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Padma V Devarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India.
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14
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Zhang Y, Gong S, Liu L, Shen H, Liu E, Pan L, Gao N, Chen R, Huang Y. Cyclodextrin-Coordinated Liposome-in-Gel for Transcutaneous Quercetin Delivery for Psoriasis Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:40228-40240. [PMID: 37584330 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is difficult to treat. Quercetin (QT) is a dietary flavonoid known for its anti-inflammatory effects and safe use in humans. However, the topical application of quercetin for psoriasis treatment presents a significant challenge due to its poor water solubility and low stability in semisolid preparations, where it tends to recrystallize. This work presents a novel liposome-in-gel formulation for the quercetin-based topical treatment of psoriasis. The quercetin-loading liposomes are stabilized by hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD), which interacts with phospholipids via hydrogen bonding to form a layer of an HPCD coating on the liposome interface, thus resulting in improved stability. Various analytical techniques, such as FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and TEM, were used to characterize the molecular coordination patterns between cyclodextrin and liposomes. The results demonstrated that HPCD assisted the liposomes in interfacing with the matrix lipids and keratins of the stratum corneum, thereby enhancing skin permeability and promoting drug penetration and retention in the skin. The in vivo results showed that the topical QT HPCD-liposome-in-gel improved the treatment efficacy of psoriatic plaque compared to free QT. It alleviated the symptoms of skin thickening and downregulated proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-17A, and IL-1β. The results suggested that the HPCD-coordinated liposome-in-gel system could be a stable carrier for topical QT therapy with good potential in psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Zhang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Shuqing Gong
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huan Shen
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ergang Liu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Li Pan
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Rongli Chen
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Shanghai 201203, China
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15
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Jia X, He Y, Li L, Xu D. Pharmacological targeting of gastric mucosal barrier with traditional Chinese medications for repairing gastric mucosal injury. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1091530. [PMID: 37361204 PMCID: PMC10285076 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1091530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The gastric mucosa (GM) is the first barrier and vital interface in the stomach that protects the host from hydrochloric acid in gastric juice and defends against exogenous insults to gastric tissues. The use of traditional Chinese medications (TCMs) for the treatment of gastric mucosal injury (GMI) has long-standing history and a good curative effect. Whereas there are poor overall reports on the intrinsic mechanisms of these TCM preparations that pharmacology uses to protect body from GMI, which is crucial to treating this disease. These existing reviews have deficiencies that limit the clinical application and development of both customary prescriptions and new drugs. Methods: Further basic and translational studies must be done to elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms of influence of these TCM preparations. Moreover, well-designed and well-conducted experiences and clinical trials are necessary to ascertain the efficacy and mechanisms of these agents. Therefore, this paper presents a focused overview of currently published literature to assess how TCMs action that facilitates the cures for GMI. It offers a whole train of current state of pharmacological evidence, identifies the pharmacological mechanisms of TCMs on GM, and highlights that remarkable capacity of TCMs to restore GM after damage. Results: These TCMs preparations promote the repair of multicomponent targets such as the gastric mucus, epithelial layer, blood flow (GMBF) and lamina propria barrier. Summary: Overall, this study has summarized the essential regulatory mechanisms and pharmacological efficacy of TCMs on new and productive therapeutic targets. Discussion: This review provides an avenue for studying various drugs with potentially promising effects on mucosal integrity, as well as subsequent pharmacological studies, clinical applications, and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Jia
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yihuai He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Delin Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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16
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Bello-Alvarez C, Zamora-Sánchez CJ, Peña-Gutiérrez KM, Camacho-Arroyo I. Progesterone and its metabolite allopregnanolone promote invasion of human glioblastoma cells through metalloproteinase‑9 and cSrc kinase. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:223. [PMID: 37153033 PMCID: PMC10157356 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are the most aggressive and common primary brain tumors in adults. Glioblastoma cells have a great capacity to migrate and invade the brain parenchyma, often reaching the contralateral hemisphere. Progesterone (P4) and its metabolite, allopregnanolone (3α-THP), promote the migration and invasion of human glioblastoma-derived cells. P4 induces migration in glioblastoma cells by the activation of the proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (cSrc) and focal adhesion kinase (Fak). In breast cancer cells, cSrc and Fak promote invasion by increasing the expression and activation of extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). However, the mechanism of action by which P4 and 3a-THP promote invasion in glioblastoma cells remains unclear. The effects of P4 and 3α-THP on the protein expression levels of MMP-2 and -9 and the participation of cSrc in progestin effects in U251 and U87 human glioblastoma-derived cells were evaluated. It was determined by western blotting that the P4 increased the protein expression level of MMP-9 in U251 and U87 cells, and 3α-THP increased the protein expression level of MMP-9 in U87 cells. None of these progestins modified MMP-2 protein expression levels. The increase in MMP-9 expression was reduced when the intracellular progesterone receptor and cSrc expression were blocked with small interfering RNAs. Cell invasion induced by P4 and 3α-THP was also blocked by inhibiting cSrc activity with PP2 or by cSrc gene silencing. These results suggest that P4 and its metabolite 3α-THP induce the invasion of glioblastoma cells by increasing MMP-9 expression through the cSrc kinase family. The results of this study provide information of interest in the context of targeted therapies against molecular pathways involved in glioblastoma invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bello-Alvarez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Carmen J. Zamora-Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Karla M. Peña-Gutiérrez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence to: Dr Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo, Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Avenue Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico, E-mail:
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17
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Mirzaei A, Deyhimfar R, Azodian Ghajar H, Mashhadi R, Noori M, Dialameh H, Aghsaeifard Z, Aghamir SMK. Quercetin can be a more reliable treatment for metastatic prostate cancer than the localized disease: An in vitro study. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:1725-1734. [PMID: 37232542 PMCID: PMC10273064 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a plant flavonoid that has been recognized to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities. This study aims to evaluate the inhibitory effects of quercetin against prostate malignancy in vitro and the underlying resistance mechanism. IC50 values of quercetin were determined by MTT assay. Annexin-V/PI staining was used to measure the rate of apoptosis. DNA cell cycle was analysed by PI staining method. Real-time PCR was performed to assess mRNA levels of OPN isoforms, VEGF isoforms, P53 and KLK2. Migration potential, proliferative capability and nucleus morphology of cells were evaluated by the scratch-wound assay, colony-forming assay and Hoechst staining, respectively. Quercetin significantly increased the apoptosis rate of PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines, arrested the cell cycle at the sub-G1/G1 phase, and reduced the migration potential and colony-forming capability. Moreover, upregulation of apoptosis-related genes and downregulation of genes involved in proliferation and angiogenesis was also observed. Although our results elucidated that quercetin has antitumor effects on PC-3 and LNCaP, for the first time, we showed that quercetin treatment causes alterations in the expression of OPN and VEGF isoforms, which are cancer-promoting modulators through various processes such as angiogenesis and drug-resistance. Prostate malignant cells can dodge the anti-carcinogenic properties of quercetin via modulation of OPN and VEGF isoforms in vitro. Therefore, quercetin acts as a double-edged sword in prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Mirzaei
- Urology Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Roham Deyhimfar
- Urology Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Rahil Mashhadi
- Urology Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Maryam Noori
- Student Research Committee, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hossein Dialameh
- Urology Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ziba Aghsaeifard
- Urology Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Shukla KK, Choudhary GR, Sankanagoudar S, Sanjeev S, Vishnoi JR, Pareek P, Pilla KK, Pandey SN, Sharma P. Deregulation of miR-10b and miR-21 Correlate with Cancer Stem Cells Expansion through the Apoptotic Pathway in Prostate Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:2105-2119. [PMID: 37378942 PMCID: PMC10505899 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.6.2105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate important cellular processes such as tumorigenesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Cancer stem cells are a subset of cells that control metastasis and cell proliferation. In this study, we focus on the roles of miR-10b, miR-21 and correlate with cancer stem cells through the apoptotic pathway in different stages of prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS In total, 45 patients, each group with Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), localised PCa, and metastatic PCa, were recruited. MicroRNA and gene expression were estimated through quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Flow cytometry was used to characterise prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), estimate reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis and chemiluminescent immunoassay was used to estimate interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and testosterone. RESULTS The fold change mean expressions of miR-21, miR-10b, Cytochrome C, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) were significantly upregulated in localised and metastatic PCa compared with BPH. In contrast, the mean fold change expressions of Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (SMAC) were lower in localised and metastatic PCa compared to BPH. The levels of IL-6, TNF-α, ROS, PSA and testosterone also showed a significant increase while apoptosis was decreased in both localized PCa and metastatic PCa as compared with BPH. In bioinformatics analyses, we found a similar pattern of miRNAs and gene expression in PCa databases. Our study also found a high expression of CD44+/CD24- and CD44+/CD133+ in localised and metastatic PCa compared with BPH. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest miR-10b and miR-21 promote PCSCs and may target apoptotic genes involved in PCa pathogenesis; these miRNAs could be used as diagnosis biomarkers of PCa. In PCa pathogenesis and PCSCs regulation, the interaction between these two players is crucial and will help develop new PCa therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamla Kant Shukla
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Gautam Ram Choudhary
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | | | - Sanjeev Sanjeev
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Medical University, Lucknow, India.
| | - Jeevan Ram Vishnoi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Puneet Pareek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Kiran Kumar Pilla
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Sachchida N. Pandey
- Department of Pathology (Transplant Immunology and Genetics) Muljibhai Patel Urology Hospital, Dr. Virendra Desai Road, Nadiad Gujarat-387001 India.
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
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19
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Yang L, Liu X, Zhu J, Zhang X, Li Y, Chen J, Liu H. Progress in traditional Chinese medicine against chronic gastritis: From chronic non-atrophic gastritis to gastric precancerous lesions. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16764. [PMID: 37313135 PMCID: PMC10258419 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic gastritis (CG) is a persistent inflammation of the gastric mucosa that can cause uncomfortable symptoms in patients. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used to treat CG due to its precise efficacy, minimal side effects, and holistic approach. Clinical studies have confirmed the effectiveness of TCM in treating CG, although the mechanisms underlying this treatment have not yet been fully elucidated. In this review, we summarized the clinical research and mechanisms of TCM used to treat CG. Studies have shown that TCM mechanisms for CG treatment include H. pylori eradication, anti-inflammatory effects, immune modulation, regulation of gastric mucosal cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjun Yang
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xinying Liu
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jiajie Zhu
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Ya Li
- Lin ‘an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jiabing Chen
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
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20
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The Effect of Combined Treatment of Psilocybin and Eugenol on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Brain Inflammation in Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062624. [PMID: 36985596 PMCID: PMC10056123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an organism’s biological defense mechanism. Acute and chronic inflammation of the body triggers the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways that can affect the content of cytokines in the brain and thus cause brain inflammation. Disorders such as depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are often associated with elevated inflammation. Recently, positive and promising clinical results of psilocybin for the treatment of depression and PTSD were reported. Thus, we decided to test whether psilocybin alone or in combination with eugenol, an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, would prevent the increase in or decrease the content of cytokines in the brain of C57BL/6J mice injected with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Two experiments were performed, one with pre-treatment of mice through gavage with psilocybin (0.88 mg/kg), eugenol (17.6 mg/kg), or combinations of psilocybin and eugenol (1:10, 1:20, or 1:50), followed by intraperitoneal injection of LPS, and the second, post-treatment, with initial injection with LPS, followed by treatment with psilocybin, eugenol, or their combination. Brain tissues were collected, and cytokines were analyzed by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA. Data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test or with multiple unpaired t-tests. LPS upregulated mRNA expression of COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. All pre-treatments decreased the expression of COX-2 and TNF-α, with psilocybin alone and in 1:50 combination, with eugenol being the most effective. In the post-treatment, all combinations of psilocybin and eugenol were effective in reducing inflammation, with the 1:50 ratio displaying the most prominent results in reducing the mRNA content of tested cytokines. Western blot analysis confirmed the effect on COX-2 and IL-1β proteins. Finally, the ELISA showed that post-treatment with psilocybin + eugenol (1:50) demonstrated the best results, decreasing the expression of multiple markers including IL-6 and IL-8. This demonstrates the anti-inflammatory effects of a combination of psilocybin and eugenol in the brain of animals with systemically induced inflammation.
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21
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Tanabe H, Suzuki T, Ohishi T, Isemura M, Nakamura Y, Unno K. Effects of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on Matrix Metalloproteinases in Terms of Its Anticancer Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020525. [PMID: 36677584 PMCID: PMC9862901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that the consumption of green tea has beneficial effects against cancer. Basic studies have provided evidence that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a major contributor to these effects. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent metalloproteinases with the ability to degrade the extracellular matrix proteins and are involved in various diseases including cancer in which MMPs have a critical role in invasion and metastasis. In this review, we discuss the effects of EGCG on several types of MMPs in the context of its anticancer activity. In the promoter region, MMPs have binding sites for at least one transcription factor of AP-1, Sp1, and NF-κB, and EGCG can downregulate these transcription factors through signaling pathways mediated by reactive oxygen species. EGCG can also decrease nuclear ERK, p38, heat shock protein-27 (Hsp27), and β-catenin levels, leading to suppression of MMPs' expression. Other mechanisms by which EGCG inhibits MMPs include direct binding to MMPs to prevent their activation and downregulation of NF-κB to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-1β. Findings from studies on EGCG presented here may be useful in the development of more effective anti-MMP agents, which would give beneficial effects on cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanabe
- Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Nayoro City University, Nayoro 096-8641, Hokkaido, Japan
- Correspondence: (H.T.); (T.O.)
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life and Science, Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto 602-0893, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Numazu 410-0301, Shizuoka, Japan
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Laboratory of Oncology, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shinagawa, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
- Correspondence: (H.T.); (T.O.)
| | - Mamoru Isemura
- Tea Science Center, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- Tea Science Center, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Keiko Unno
- Tea Science Center, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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22
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although the mucosal barrier serves as a primary interface between the environment and host, little is understood about the repair of acute, superficial lesions or deeper, persistent lesions that if not healed, can be the site of increased permeability to luminal antigens, inflammation and/or neoplasia development. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have focused on focal adhesion kinase, which regulates controlled matrix adhesion during restitution after superficial injury. Actin polymerization regulates cell migration and the importance of actin-related proteins was also highlighted. Work on SARS-CoV-2 infection lent important new insights on gastroduodenal mucosal injury in patients with Covid-19 infection and work done with organoids and intestine-on-a-chip contributed new understanding about how coronaviruses infect gastrointestinal tissues and its resulting barrier dysfunction. A novel risk stratification paradigm was proposed to assist with decision making about repeat endoscopy for patients with gastric or duodenal ulcers and new therapeutic options were studied for ulcer disease. Lastly, work to support the mechanism of metaplasia development after deep injury and parietal cell loss was provided using novel transgenic mouse models. SUMMARY Recent studies highlight novel molecular targets to promote mucosal healing after injury of the gastroduodenal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Hagen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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23
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Wang X, Cao Y, Chen S, Lin J, Yang X, Huang D. Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) of Flavones on Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Murine Macrophages in Culture through the NF-κB Pathway and c-Src Kinase Receptor. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8788-8798. [PMID: 35816492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flavones benefit human health through their anti-inflammatory activity; however, their structure-activity relationship is unclear. Herein, we selected 15 flavones with the same backbone but different substituents and systematically assessed their anti-inflammatory activities in RAW 264.7 regarding cellular-Src kinase (c-Src) affinity, suppression of IκBα phosphorylation, inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxidase (iNOS) production, and downregulation of genes of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Overall, our results showed that the double bond between C2-C3 and C3'- and C4'-OH promoted anti-inflammatory activity, while C8- and C5'-OH and the methoxy group on C4' attenuated the overall anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The hydroxyl groups at other positions exhibited more complicated functions. The two most effective flavones are 3',4'-dihydroxyflavone and luteolin with inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for inhibiting the LPS-induced nitric oxide level are 9.61 ± 1.36 and 16.90 ± 0.74 μM, respectively. Furthermore, they suppressed the production of iNOS by approximately 90% and inhibited IL-1β and IL-6 by more than 95%. Taken together, our results established a relationship between the flavone structure and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Yujia Cao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Jiachen Lin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Linquan Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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24
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Cheng Z, Ye F, Xu C, Liang Y, Zhang Z, Chen X, Dai X, Ou Y, Mou Z, Li W, Chen Y, Zhou Q, Zou L, Mao S, Jiang H. The potential mechanism of Longsheyangquan Decoction on the treatment of bladder cancer: Systemic network pharmacology and molecular docking. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:932039. [PMID: 35910372 PMCID: PMC9330057 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.932039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Our goal was to explore the bioactive constituents of Longsheyangquan (LSYQ) Decoction and elucidate its mechanisms on the treatment of bladder cancer (BCa). A total of 38 compounds were selected based on their pharmacokinetic properties in three large traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) databases. 654 putative targets of LSYQ Decoction were predicted using a structure-based, reverse-docking algorithm online, of which 343 overlapped with BCa-related protein-coding genes. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to perform module analysis for further Gene Ontology (GO) annotations and Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, which identified CDK2, EGFR, MMP9 and PTGS2 as hub targets. The TCM-compound-target network and compound-target-pathway network together revealed that quercetin, diosmetin, enhydrin and luteolin were the main components of LSYQ Decoction. Finally, molecular docking showed the affinity between the key compounds and the hub target proteins to verify the accuracy of drug target prediction in the first place. The present study deciphered the core components and targets of LSYQ Decoction on the treatment of BCa in a comprehensive systemic pharmacological manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Cheng
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangdie Ye
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyang Xu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchun Liang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinan Chen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyu Dai
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxi Ou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zezhong Mou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijian Li
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Chen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lujia Zou
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanhua Mao
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haowen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Haowen Jiang,
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