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Williams EM, Rosenblum EW, Pihlstrom N, Llamas-Rodríguez J, Champion S, Frosch MP, Augustinack JC. Pentad: A reproducible cytoarchitectonic protocol and its application to parcellation of the human hippocampus. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1114757. [PMID: 36843959 PMCID: PMC9947247 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1114757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The hippocampus is integral for learning and memory and is targeted by multiple diseases. Neuroimaging approaches frequently use hippocampal subfield volumes as a standard measure of neurodegeneration, thus making them an essential biomarker to study. Collectively, histologic parcellation studies contain various disagreements, discrepancies, and omissions. The present study aimed to advance the hippocampal subfield segmentation field by establishing the first histology based parcellation protocol, applied to n = 22 human hippocampal samples. Methods The protocol focuses on five cellular traits observed in the pyramidal layer of the human hippocampus. We coin this approach the pentad protocol. The traits were: chromophilia, neuron size, packing density, clustering, and collinearity. Subfields included were CA1, CA2, CA3, CA4, prosubiculum, subiculum, presubiculum, parasubiculum, as well as the medial (uncal) subfields Subu, CA1u, CA2u, CA3u, and CA4u. We also establish nine distinct anterior-posterior levels of the hippocampus in the coronal plane to document rostrocaudal differences. Results Applying the pentad protocol, we parcellated 13 subfields at nine levels in 22 samples. We found that CA1 had the smallest neurons, CA2 showed high neuronal clustering, and CA3 displayed the most collinear neurons of the CA fields. The border between presubiculum and subiculum was staircase shaped, and parasubiculum had larger neurons than presubiculum. We also demonstrate cytoarchitectural evidence that CA4 and prosubiculum exist as individual subfields. Discussion This protocol is comprehensive, regimented and supplies a high number of samples, hippocampal subfields, and anterior-posterior coronal levels. The pentad protocol utilizes the gold standard approach for the human hippocampus subfield parcellation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Williams
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emma W. Rosenblum
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nicole Pihlstrom
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Josué Llamas-Rodríguez
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Samantha Champion
- Department of Neuropathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew P. Frosch
- Department of Neuropathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jean C. Augustinack
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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Moghaddam HS, Aarabi MH, Mehvari-Habibabadi J, Sharifpour R, Mohajer B, Mohammadi-Mobarakeh N, Hashemi-Fesharaki SS, Elisevich K, Nazem-Zadeh MR. Distinct patterns of hippocampal subfield volume loss in left and right mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurol Sci 2020; 42:1411-1421. [PMID: 32783160 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the pattern and severity of hippocampal subfield volume loss in patients with left and right mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) using quantitative MRI volumetric analysis. METHODS A total of 21 left and 14 right mTLE subjects, as well as 15 healthy controls, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. A publically available magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain volumetry system (volBrain) was used for volumetric analysis of hippocampal subfields. The T1-weighted images were processed with a HIPS pipeline. RESULTS A distinct pattern of hippocampal subfield atrophy was found between left and right mTLE patients when compared with controls. Patients with left mTLE exhibited ipsilateral hippocampal atrophy and segmental volume depletion of the Cornu Ammonis (CA) 2/CA3, CA4/dentate gyrus (DG), and strata radiatum-lacunosum-moleculare (SR-SL-SM). Those with right mTLE exhibited similar ipsilateral hippocampal atrophy but with additional segmental CA1 volume depletion. More extensive bilateral subfield volume loss was apparent with right mTLE patients. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that left and right mTLE patients show a dissimilar pattern of hippocampal subfield atrophy, suggesting the pathophysiology of epileptogenesis in left and right mTLE to be different.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roya Sharifpour
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Mohajer
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Mohammadi-Mobarakeh
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kost Elisevich
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Spectrum Health, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Mohammad-Reza Nazem-Zadeh
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. .,Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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McHugo M, Talati P, Woodward ND, Armstrong K, Blackford JU, Heckers S. Regionally specific volume deficits along the hippocampal long axis in early and chronic psychosis. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 20:1106-1114. [PMID: 30380517 PMCID: PMC6202690 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies in psychosis patients have shown hippocampal volume deficits across anterior and posterior regions or across subfields, but subfield specific changes in volume along the hippocampal long axis have not been examined. Here, we tested the hypothesis that volume changes exist across the hippocampus in chronic psychosis but only the anterior CA region is affected in early psychosis patients. We analyzed structural MRI data from 179 patients with a non-affective psychotic disorder (94 chronic psychosis; 85 early psychosis) and 167 heathy individuals demographically matched to the chronic and early psychosis samples respectively (82 matched to chronic patients; 85 matched to early patients). We measured hippocampal volumes using Freesurfer 6-derived automated segmentation of both anterior and posterior regions and the CA, dentate gyrus, and subiculum subfields. We found a hippocampal volume deficit in both anterior and posterior regions in chronic psychosis, but this deficit was limited to the anterior hippocampus in early psychosis patients. This volume change was more pronounced in the anterior CA subfield of early psychosis patients than in the dentate gyrus or subiculum. Our findings support existing models of psychosis implicating initial CA dysfunction with later progression to other hippocampal regions and suggest that the anterior hippocampus may be an important target for early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen McHugo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Pratik Talati
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neil D Woodward
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kristan Armstrong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jennifer Urbano Blackford
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Stephan Heckers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Dalton MA, Zeidman P, Barry DN, Williams E, Maguire EA. Segmenting subregions of the human hippocampus on structural magnetic resonance image scans: An illustrated tutorial. Brain Neurosci Adv 2017; 1:2398212817701448. [PMID: 28596993 PMCID: PMC5452574 DOI: 10.1177/2398212817701448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hippocampus plays a central role in cognition, and understanding the specific contributions of its subregions will likely be key to explaining its wide-ranging functions. However, delineating substructures within the human hippocampus in vivo from magnetic resonance image scans is fraught with difficulties. To our knowledge, the extant literature contains only brief descriptions of segmentation procedures used to delineate hippocampal subregions in magnetic resonance imaging/functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. METHODS Consequently, here we provide a clear, step-by-step and fully illustrated guide to segmenting hippocampal subregions along the entire length of the human hippocampus on 3T magnetic resonance images. RESULTS We give a detailed description of how to segment the hippocampus into the following six subregions: dentate gyrus/Cornu Ammonis 4, CA3/2, CA1, subiculum, pre/parasubiculum and the uncus. Importantly, this in-depth protocol incorporates the most recent cyto- and chemo-architectural evidence and includes a series of comprehensive figures which compare slices of histologically stained tissue with equivalent 3T images. CONCLUSION As hippocampal subregion segmentation is an evolving field of research, we do not suggest this protocol is definitive or final. Rather, we present a fully explained and expedient method of manual segmentation which remains faithful to our current understanding of human hippocampal neuroanatomy. We hope that this 'tutorial'-style guide, which can be followed by experts and non-experts alike, will be a practical resource for clinical and research scientists with an interest in the human hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall A. Dalton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Zeidman
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel N. Barry
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elaine Williams
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eleanor A. Maguire
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
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Cong S, Rizkalla M, Salama P, Risacher SL, West JD, Wu YC, Apostolova L, Tallman E, Saykin AJ, Shen L. Building a Surface Atlas of Hippocampal Subfields From High Resolution T2-weighted MRI Scans Using Landmark-free Surface Registration. THE ... MIDWEST SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : MWSCAS. MIDWEST SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2016; 2016:10.1109/MWSCAS.2016.7870109. [PMID: 29899682 PMCID: PMC5995468 DOI: 10.1109/mwscas.2016.7870109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus is widely studied in neuroimaging field as it plays important roles in memory and learning. However, the critical subfield information is often not explored in most hippocampal studies. We previously proposed a method for hippocampal subfield morphometry by integrating FreeSurfer, FSL, and SPHARM tools. But this method had some limitations, including the analysis of T1-weighted MRI scans without detailed subfield information and hippocampal registration without using important subfield information. To bridge these gaps, in this work, we propose a new framework for building a surface atlas of hippocampal subfields from high resolution T2-weighted MRI scans by integrating state-of-the-art methods for automated segmentation of hippocampal subfields and landmark-free, subfield-aware registration of hippocampal surfaces. Our experimental results have shown the promise of the new framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Cong
- Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Maher Rizkalla
- Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Paul Salama
- Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Dept. of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - John D West
- Dept. of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Yu-Chien Wu
- Dept. of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Liana Apostolova
- Dept. of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Eileen Tallman
- Dept. of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Dept. of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Li Shen
- Dept. of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
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