1
|
Lomanovskaya TA, Piavchenko GA, Soldatov VO, Venediktov AA, Kuzmin EA, Kartashkina NL, Mukhamedova SG, Boronikhina TV, Markov AG, Telyshev DV, Meglinski I, Yatskovskiy AN. Structural changes of erythrocyte membrane revealed by 3D confocal optical profilometer. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200222. [PMID: 36056822 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We examined hematological changes influenced by the experimental hypervitaminosis A. The 3D confocal optical profilometer was applied for assessment of the erythrocytes' membrane structural changes influenced by an overdose of vitamin A. The blood smears were evaluated in terms of alterations of geometrical and optical parameters of erythrocytes for two groups of animals: oil base and retinol palmitate (n = 9 animals for each group). The results demonstrate that an overdose of retinol palmitate causes changes in the torus curvature and pallor of discocytes, their surface area and volume. The observed structural malformations of the shape of red blood cells become visible at the earlier preclinical stage of changes in animal state and behavior. With this in mind, the results of the study open a new area of research in the certain dysfunction diagnosis of red blood cells and have a great potential in the further development of new curative protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Lomanovskaya
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennadii A Piavchenko
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav O Soldatov
- Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology Department, Belgorod National Research University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - Artem A Venediktov
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor A Kuzmin
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia L Kartashkina
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana G Mukhamedova
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Boronikhina
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandr G Markov
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Telyshev
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Biomedical Systems, National Research University of Electronic Technology, Zelenograd, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Meglinski
- Opto-Electronics and Measurement Techniques, Faculty of Information and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alexander N Yatskovskiy
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Man Y, An R, Monchamp K, Sekyonda Z, Kucukal E, Federici C, Wulftange WJ, Goreke U, Bode A, Sheehan VA, Gurkan UA. OcclusionChip: A functional microcapillary occlusion assay complementary to ektacytometry for detection of small-fraction red blood cells with abnormal deformability. Front Physiol 2022; 13:954106. [PMID: 36091387 PMCID: PMC9452903 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.954106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) deformability is a valuable hemorheological biomarker that can be used to assess the clinical status and response to therapy of individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD). RBC deformability has been measured by ektacytometry for decades, which uses shear or osmolar stress. However, ektacytometry is a population based measurement that does not detect small-fractions of abnormal RBCs. A single cell-based, functional RBC deformability assay would complement ektacytometry and provide additional information. Here, we tested the relative merits of the OcclusionChip, which measures RBC deformability by microcapillary occlusion, and ektacytometry. We tested samples containing glutaraldehyde-stiffened RBCs for up to 1% volume fraction; ektacytometry detected no significant change in Elongation Index (EI), while the OcclusionChip showed significant differences in Occlusion Index (OI). OcclusionChip detected a significant increase in OI in RBCs from an individual with sickle cell trait (SCT) and from a subject with SCD who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), as the sample was taken from normoxic (pO2:159 mmHg) to physiologic hypoxic (pO2:45 mmHg) conditions. Oxygen gradient ektacytometry detected no difference in EI for SCT or HSCT. These results suggest that the single cell-based OcclusionChip enables detection of sickle hemoglobin (HbS)-related RBC abnormalities in SCT and SCD, particularly when the HbS level is low. We conclude that the OcclusionChip is complementary to the population based ektacytometry assays, and providing additional sensitivity and capacity to detect modest abnormalities in red cell function or small populations of abnormal red cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuncheng Man
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ran An
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Karamoja Monchamp
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zoe Sekyonda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Erdem Kucukal
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Chiara Federici
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - William J. Wulftange
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Utku Goreke
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Allison Bode
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Vivien A. Sheehan
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Umut A. Gurkan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Umut A. Gurkan,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Azul M, Vital EF, Lam WA, Wood DK, Beckman JD. Microfluidic methods to advance mechanistic understanding and translational research in sickle cell disease. Transl Res 2022; 246:1-14. [PMID: 35354090 PMCID: PMC9218997 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is caused by a single point mutation in the β-globin gene of hemoglobin, which produces an altered sickle hemoglobin (HbS). The ability of HbS to polymerize under deoxygenated conditions gives rise to chronic hemolysis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and vaso-occlusion. Herein, we review recent findings using microfluidic technologies that have elucidated mechanisms of oxygen-dependent and -independent induction of HbS polymerization and how these mechanisms elicit the biophysical and inflammatory consequences in SCD pathophysiology. We also discuss how validation and use of microfluidics in SCD provides the opportunity to advance development of numerous therapeutic strategies, including curative gene therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Azul
- Department of Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Eudorah F Vital
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David K Wood
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Joan D Beckman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Le AV, Fenech M. Image-Based Experimental Measurement Techniques to Characterize Velocity Fields in Blood Microflows. Front Physiol 2022; 13:886675. [PMID: 35574441 PMCID: PMC9099138 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.886675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting blood microflow in both simple and complex geometries is challenging because of the composition and behavior of the blood at microscale. However, characterization of the velocity in microchannels is the key for gaining insights into cellular interactions at the microscale, mechanisms of diseases, and efficacy of therapeutic solutions. Image-based measurement techniques are a subset of methods for measuring the local flow velocity that typically utilize tracer particles for flow visualization. In the most basic form, a high-speed camera and microscope setup are the only requirements for data acquisition; however, the development of image processing algorithms and equipment has made current image-based techniques more sophisticated. This mini review aims to provide a succinct and accessible overview of image-based experimental measurement techniques to characterize the velocity field of blood microflow. The following techniques are introduced: cell tracking velocimetry, kymographs, micro-particle velocimetry, and dual-slit photometry as entry techniques for measuring various velocity fields either in vivo or in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andy Vinh Le
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5048—INSERM UMR 1054, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marianne Fenech
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Marianne Fenech,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Interspecies Diversity of Osmotic Gradient Deformability of Red Blood Cells in Human and Seven Vertebrate Animal Species. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081351. [PMID: 35456029 PMCID: PMC9026962 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma and blood osmolality values show interspecies differences and are strictly regulated. The effect of these factors also has an influence on microrheological parameters, such as red blood cell (RBC) deformability and aggregation. However, little is known about the interspecies differences in RBC deformability at various blood osmolality levels (osmotic gradient RBC deformability). Our aim was to conduct a descriptive–comparative study on RBC osmotic gradient deformability in several vertebrate species and human blood. Blood samples were taken from healthy volunteers, dogs, cats, pigs, sheep, rabbits, rats, and mice, to measure hematological parameters, as well as conventional and osmotic gradient RBC deformability. Analyzing the elongation index (EI)–osmolality curves, we found the highest maximal EI values (EI max) in human, dog, and rabbit samples. The lowest EI max values were seen in sheep and cat samples, in addition to a characteristic leftward shift of the elongation index–osmolality curves. We found significant differences in the hyperosmolar region. A correlation of mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration with osmoscan parameters was found. Osmotic gradient deformability provides further information for better exploration of microrheological diversity between species and may help to better understand the alterations caused by osmolality changes in various disorders.
Collapse
|
6
|
Shear-Stress-Gradient and Oxygen-Gradient Ektacytometry in Sickle Cell Patients at Steady State and during Vaso-Occlusive Crises. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030585. [PMID: 35159394 PMCID: PMC8834105 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen gradient ektacytometry (oxygenscan) measures the changes in red blood cell (RBC) deformability in normoxia and during deoxygenation. We investigated the changes in RBC deformability, measured by both oxygenscan and classical shear-stress-gradient ektacytometry, in 10 patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) during vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) versus steady state. Oxygenscan and shear-stress-gradient ektacytometry parameters were also measured in 38 SCD patients at steady state on two different occasions. Shear-stress-gradient ektacytometry parameters, maximal RBC deformability at normoxia and the minimum RBC deformability during deoxygenation were lower during VOC compared to steady state. The oxygen partial pressure at which RBCs started to sickle (PoS) was not significantly affected by VOC, but the results were very heterogeneous: the PoS increased in 5 in 10 patients and decreased in 4 in 10 patients. Both oxygenscan and shear-stress-gradient ektacytometry parameters remained unchanged in patients at steady state between two sets of measurements, performed at 17 ± 8 months intervals. In conclusion, the present study showed that both oxygen gradient ektacytometry and shear-stress-gradient ektacytometry are sensitive to disease activity in SCD, and that both techniques give comparable results; however, the oxygen-dependent propensity of RBCs to sickle was highly variable during VOC.
Collapse
|
7
|
Muhammed E, Cooper J, Devito D, Mushi R, del Pilar Aguinaga M, Erenso D, Crogman H. Elastic property of sickle cell anemia and sickle cell trait red blood cells. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210188R. [PMID: 34590447 PMCID: PMC8479689 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.9.096502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE We introduce a model for better calibration of the trapping force using an equal but oppositely directed drag force acting on a trapped red blood cell (RBC). We demonstrate this approach by studying RBCs' elastic properties from deidentified sickle cell anemia (SCA) and sickle cell trait (SCT) blood samples. AIM A laser trapping (LT) force was formulated and analytically calculated in a cylindrical model. Using this trapping force relative percent difference, the maximum (longitudinal) and minimum (transverse) radius rate and stiffness were used to study the elasticity. APPROACH The elastic property of SCA and SCT RBCs was analyzed using LT technique with computer controlled piezo-driven stage, in order to trap and stretch the RBCs. RESULTS For all parameters, the results show that the SCT RBC samples have higher elastic property than the SCA RBCs. The higher rigidity in the SCA cell may be due to the lipid composition of the membrane, which was affected by the cholesterol concentration. CONCLUSIONS By developing a theoretical model for different trapping forces, we have also studied the elasticity of RBCs in SCT (with hemoglobin type HbAS) and in SCA (with hemoglobin type HbSS). The results for the quantities describing the elasticity of the cells consistently showed that the RBCs in the SCT display lower rigidity and higher deformability than the RBCs with SCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Endris Muhammed
- Addis Ababa University, Department of Physics, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - James Cooper
- Middle Tennessee State University, Department of Physics, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States
| | - Daniel Devito
- Middle Tennessee State University, Department of Physics, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States
| | - Robert Mushi
- Meharry Medical College, Meharry Sickle Cell Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Maria del Pilar Aguinaga
- Meharry Medical College, Meharry Sickle Cell Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Meharry Medical College, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Daniel Erenso
- Middle Tennessee State University, Department of Physics, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States
| | - Horace Crogman
- California State University Dominguez Hills, Department of Physics, Carson, California, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gutierrez M, Shamoun M, Seu KG, Tanski T, Kalfa TA, Eniola-Adefeso O. Characterizing bulk rigidity of rigid red blood cell populations in sickle-cell disease patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7909. [PMID: 33846383 PMCID: PMC8041827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we utilized a parameterization model of ektacytometry to quantify the bulk rigidity of the rigid red blood cell (RBC) population in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients. Current ektacytometry techniques implement laser diffraction viscometry to estimate the RBC deformability in a whole blood sample. However, the diffraction measurement is an average of all cells present in the measured sample. By coupling an existing parameterization model of ektacytometry to an artificially rigid RBC model, we formulated an innovative system for estimating the average rigidity of the rigid RBC population in SCD blood. We demonstrated that this method could more accurately determine the bulk stiffness of the rigid RBC populations. This information could potentially help develop the ektacytometry technique as a tool for assessing disease severity in SCD patients, offering novel insights into the disease pathology and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Gutierrez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Mark Shamoun
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Katie Giger Seu
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tyler Tanski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Theodosia A Kalfa
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Omolola Eniola-Adefeso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Piety NZ, Stutz J, Yilmaz N, Xia H, Yoshida T, Shevkoplyas SS. Microfluidic capillary networks are more sensitive than ektacytometry to the decline of red blood cell deformability induced by storage. Sci Rep 2021; 11:604. [PMID: 33436749 PMCID: PMC7804960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79710-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ektacytometry has been the primary method for evaluating deformability of red blood cells (RBCs) in both research and clinical settings. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that the flow of RBCs through a network of microfluidic capillaries could provide a more sensitive assessment of the progressive impairment of RBC deformability during hypothermic storage than ektacytometry. RBC units (n = 9) were split in half, with one half stored under standard (normoxic) conditions and the other half stored hypoxically, for up to 6 weeks. RBC deformability was measured weekly using two microfluidic devices, an artificial microvascular network (AMVN) and a multiplexed microcapillary network (MMCN), and two commercially available ektacytometers (RheoScan-D and LORRCA). By week 6, the elongation indexes measured with RheoScan-D and LORRCA decreased by 5.8–7.1% (5.4–6.9% for hypoxic storage). Over the same storage duration, the AMVN perfusion rate declined by 27.5% (24.5% for hypoxic) and the MMCN perfusion rate declined by 49.0% (42.4% for hypoxic). Unlike ektacytometry, both AMVN and MMCN measurements showed statistically significant differences between the two conditions after 1 week of storage. RBC morphology deteriorated continuously with the fraction of irreversibly-damaged (spherical) cells increasing significantly faster for normoxic than for hypoxic storage. Consequently, the number of MMCN capillary plugging events and the time MMCN capillaries spent plugged was consistently lower for hypoxic than for normoxic storage. These data suggest that capillary networks are significantly more sensitive to both the overall storage-induced decline of RBC deformability, and to the differences between the two storage conditions, than ektacytometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Z Piety
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, 77204-5060, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Julianne Stutz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, 77204-5060, USA
| | - Nida Yilmaz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, 77204-5060, USA
| | - Hui Xia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, 77204-5060, USA
| | | | - Sergey S Shevkoplyas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, 77204-5060, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Man Y, Kucukal E, An R, Bode A, Little JA, Gurkan UA. Standardized microfluidic assessment of red blood cell-mediated microcapillary occlusion: Association with clinical phenotype and hydroxyurea responsiveness in sickle cell disease. Microcirculation 2021; 28:e12662. [PMID: 33025653 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We present a standardized in vitro microfluidic assay and Occlusion Index (OI) for the assessment of red blood cell (RBC)-mediated microcapillary occlusion and its clinical associations in sickle cell disease (SCD). METHODS Red blood cell mediated microcapillary occlusion represented by OI and its clinical associations were assessed for seven subjects with hemoglobin-SC disease (HbSC), 18 subjects with homozygous SCD (HbSS), and five control individuals (HbAA). RESULTS We identified two sub-populations with HbSS based on the OI distribution. HbSS subjects with relatively higher OIs had significantly lower hemoglobin levels, lower fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels, and lower mean corpuscular volume (MCV), but significantly higher serum lactate dehydrogenase levels and absolute reticulocyte counts, compared to subjects with HbSS and lower OIs. HbSS subjects who had relatively higher OIs were more likely to have had a concomitant diagnosis of intrapulmonary shunting (IPS). Further, lower OI associated with hydroxyurea (HU) responsiveness in subjects with HbSS, as evidenced by significantly elevated HbF levels and MCV. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that RBC-mediated microcapillary occlusion and OI associated with subject clinical phenotype and HU responsiveness in SCD. The presented standardized microfluidic assay may be useful for evaluating clinical phenotype and assessing therapeutic outcomes in SCD, including emerging targeted and curative treatments that aim to improve RBC deformability and microcirculatory health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuncheng Man
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Erdem Kucukal
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ran An
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Allison Bode
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jane A Little
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Umut A Gurkan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
McNamee AP, Fitzpatrick T, Tansley GD, Simmonds MJ. Sublethal Supraphysiological Shear Stress Alters Erythrocyte Dynamics in Subsequent Low-Shear Flows. Biophys J 2020; 119:2179-2189. [PMID: 33130119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood is a non-Newtonian, shear-thinning fluid owing to the physical properties and behaviors of red blood cells (RBCs). Under increased shear flow, pre-existing clusters of cells disaggregate, orientate with flow, and deform. These essential processes enhance fluidity of blood, although accumulating evidence suggests that sublethal blood trauma-induced by supraphysiological shear exposure-paradoxically increases the deformability of RBCs when examined under low-shear conditions, despite obvious decrement of cellular deformation at moderate-to-higher shear stresses. Some propose that rather than actual enhancement of cell mechanics, these observations are "pseudoimprovements" and possibly reflect altered flow and/or cell orientation, leading to methodological artifacts, although direct evidence is lacking. This study thus sought to explore RBC mechanical responses in shear flow using purpose-built laser diffractometry in tandem with direct optical visualization to address this problem. Freshly collected RBCs were exposed to a mechanical stimulus known to drastically alter cell deformability (i.e., prior shear exposure (PSE) to 100 Pa × 300 s). Samples were subsequently transferred to a custom-built slit-flow chamber that combined laser diffractometry with direct cell visualization. Cell suspensions were sheared in a stepwise manner (between 0.3 and 5.0 Pa), with each step being maintained for 15 s. Deformability and cell orientation indices were recorded for small-scatter Fraunhofer diffraction patterns and also visualized RBCs. PSE RBCs had significantly decreased visualized and laser-derived deformability at any given shear stress ≥1 Pa. Novel, to our knowledge, observations demonstrated that PSE RBCs had increased heterogeneity of direct visualized orientation with flow vector at any shear, which may be due to greater vorticity and thus instability in 5-Pa flow compared with unsheared control. These findings indicate that shear exposure and stress-strain history can alter subsequent RBC behavior in physiologically relevant low-shear flows. These findings may yield insight into microvascular disorders in recipients of mechanical circulatory support and individuals with hematological diseases that alter physical properties of blood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antony P McNamee
- Biorheology Research Laboratory, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Tom Fitzpatrick
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Geoff D Tansley
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael J Simmonds
- Biorheology Research Laboratory, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Turpin C, Catan A, Guerin-Dubourg A, Debussche X, Bravo SB, Álvarez E, Van Den Elsen J, Meilhac O, Rondeau P, Bourdon E. Enhanced oxidative stress and damage in glycated erythrocytes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235335. [PMID: 32628695 PMCID: PMC7337333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with a dramatic mortality rate due to its vascular complications. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes leads to enhanced glycation of erythrocytes and oxidative stress. Even though erythrocytes play a determining role in vascular complications, very little is known about how erythrocyte structure and functionality can be affected by glycation. Our objective was to decipher the impact of glycation on erythrocyte structure, oxidative stress parameters and capacity to interact with cultured human endothelial cells. In vitro glycated erythrocytes were prepared following incubation in the presence of different concentrations of glucose. To get insight into the in vivo relevance of our results, we compared these data to those obtained using red blood cells purified from diabetics or non-diabetics. We measured erythrocyte deformability, susceptibility to hemolysis, reactive oxygen species production and oxidative damage accumulation. Altered structures, redox status and oxidative modifications were increased in glycated erythrocytes. These modifications were associated with reduced antioxidant defence mediated by enzymatic activity. Enhanced erythrocyte phagocytosis by endothelial cells was observed when cultured with glycated erythrocytes, which was associated with increased levels of phosphatidylserine-likely as a result of an eryptosis phenomenon triggered by the hyperglycemic treatment. Most types of oxidative damage identified in in vitro glycated erythrocytes were also observed in red blood cells isolated from diabetics. These results bring new insights into the impact of glycation on erythrocyte structure, oxidative damage and their capacity to interact with endothelial cells, with a possible relevance to diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Turpin
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
| | - Aurélie Catan
- Centre hospitalier Ouest Réunion, Saint-Paul, France
| | | | - Xavier Debussche
- CHU de La Réunion, Service d'endocrinologie, Saint Denis, France
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques 1410 INSERM, Reunion University Hospital, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - Susana B. Bravo
- Proteomic Unit and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Álvarez
- Proteomic Unit and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jean Van Den Elsen
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, United Kingdom
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
- Centre hospitalier universitaire de La Réunion, Saint Denis, France
| | - Philippe Rondeau
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
- * E-mail: (PR); (EB)
| | - Emmanuel Bourdon
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
- * E-mail: (PR); (EB)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Man Y, Kucukal E, An R, Watson QD, Bosch J, Zimmerman PA, Little JA, Gurkan UA. Microfluidic assessment of red blood cell mediated microvascular occlusion. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:2086-2099. [PMID: 32427268 PMCID: PMC7473457 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00112k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal red blood cell (RBC) deformability contributes to hemolysis, thrombophilia, inflammation, and microvascular occlusion in various circulatory diseases. A quantitative and objective assessment of microvascular occlusion mediated by RBCs with abnormal deformability would provide valuable insights into disease pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies. To that end, we present a new functional microfluidic assay, OcclusionChip, which mimics two key architectural features of the capillary bed in the circulatory system. First, the embedded micropillar arrays within the microchannel form gradient microcapillaries, from 20 μm down to 4 μm, which mimic microcapillary networks. These precisely engineered microcapillaries retain RBCs with impaired deformability, such that stiffer RBCs occlude the wider upstream microcapillaries, while less stiff RBCs occlude the finer downstream microcapillaries. Second, the micropillar arrays are coupled with two side passageways, which mimic the arteriovenous anastomoses that act as shunts in the capillary bed. These side microfluidic anastomoses prevent microchannel blockage, and enable versatility and testing of clinical blood samples at near-physiologic hematocrit levels. Further, we define a new generalizable parameter, Occlusion Index (OI), which is an indicative index of RBC deformability and the associated microcapillary occlusion. We demonstrate the promise of OcclusionChip in diverse pathophysiological scenarios that result in impaired RBC deformability, including mercury toxin, storage lesion, end-stage renal disease, malaria, and sickle cell disease (SCD). Hydroxyurea therapy improves RBC deformability and increases fetal hemoglobin (HbF%) in some, but not all, treated patients with SCD. HbF% greater than 8.6% has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in SCD. We show that OI associates with HbF% in 16 subjects with SCD. Subjects with higher HbF levels (HbF > 8.6%) displayed significantly lower OI (0.88% ± 0.10%, N = 6) compared with those with lower HbF levels (HbF ≤ 8.6%) who displayed greater OI (3.18% ± 0.34%, N = 10, p < 0.001). Moreover, hypoxic OcclusionChip assay revealed a significant correlation between hypoxic OI and subject-specific sickle hemoglobin (HbS) level in SCD. OcclusionChip enables versatile in vitro assessment of microvascular occlusion mediated by RBCs in a wide range of clinical conditions. OI may serve as a new parameter to evaluate the efficacy of treatments improving RBC deformability, including hemoglobin modifying drugs, anti-sickling agents, and genetic therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuncheng Man
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Valadão Cardoso A. An experimental erythrocyte rigidity index (Ri) and its correlations with Transcranial Doppler velocities (TAMMV), Gosling Pulsatility Index PI, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and red cell distribution width (RDW). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229105. [PMID: 32084188 PMCID: PMC7034921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain artery velocities (Time-Averaged Maximum Mean Velocity, TAMMV) by Transcranial Doppler (TCD), hematocrit, hemoglobin, Red blood cell (RBC) Distribution Width (RDW) and RBC rigidity index (Ri), when reported together with their correlations, provide a accurate and useful diagnostic picture than blood viscosity measurements alone. Additionally, our study included a sixth parameter provided by TCD, the Gosling Pulsatility Index PI, which is an indicator of CBF (Cerebral Blood Flow) resistance. All these parameters are routine in Hematology except for values of Ri. The rigidity (Ri) of the RBC is the main rheological characteristic of the blood of Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) patients and several pathologies. However, its quantification depends on many commercial and experimental techniques, none disseminated and predominant around the World. The difference in absorbance values of the blood, during the process of sedimentation in a microwell of a Microplate Reader, is a straightforward way of semi-quantifying the RBC rigidity Ri, since the fraction of irreversibly sickled red blood cells does not form rouleaux. Erythrocyte Rigidity Index (Ri) was calculated using initial absorbance Ainitial (6 s) and final Afinal (540 s), Ri = 1 / (Ai-Af). The Ri of 119 patients (2–17 y / o, M & F) SCA, SCC (Sickle Cell/hemoglobin C), SCD (Sickle Cell/hemoglobin D), Sβ0thal (Sickle Cell/hemoglobin Beta Zero Thalassemia) and 71 blood donors (20–65 y / o, M & F) were measured in our laboratory while the five parameters (TAMMV and PI by TCD, Hct, Hb and RDW) were obtained from medical records. The in vitro addition of hydroxyurea (HU, 50mg /dl, n = 51 patients, and n = 8 healthy donors) in the samples decreased the rouleaux adhesion strength of both donor and patients’ blood samples, leading to extraordinarily high Ri values. The correlation between the studied parameters was especially significant for the direct relationships between Ri, TAMMV, and PI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Valadão Cardoso
- Rheology Laboratory, Materials Engineering Post-Graduation Program REDEMAT-UEMG/DESP-ED, State University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jani VP, Lucas A, Jani VP, Munoz C, Williams AT, Ortiz D, Yalcin O, Cabrales P. Numerical Model for the Determination of Erythrocyte Mechanical Properties and Wall Shear Stress in vivo From Intravital Microscopy. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1562. [PMID: 32038273 PMCID: PMC6989587 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanical properties and deformability of Red Blood Cells (RBCs) are important determinants of blood rheology and microvascular hemodynamics. The objective of this study is to quantify the mechanical properties and wall shear stress experienced by the RBC membrane during capillary plug flow in vivo utilizing high speed video recording from intravital microscopy, biomechanical modeling, and computational methods. Capillaries were imaged in the rat cremaster muscle pre- and post-RBC transfusion of stored RBCs for 2-weeks. RBC membrane contours were extracted utilizing image processing and parametrized. RBC parameterizations were used to determine updated deformation gradient and Lagrangian Green strain tensors for each point along the parametrization and for each frame during plug flow. The updated Lagrangian Green strain and Displacement Gradient tensors were numerically fit to the Navier-Lame equations along the parameterized boundary to determined Lame's constants. Mechanical properties and wall shear stress were determined before and transfusion, were grouped in three populations of erythrocytes: native cells (NC) or circulating cells before transfusion, and two distinct population of cells after transfusion with stored cells (SC1 and SC2). The distinction, between the heterogeneous populations of cells present after the transfusion, SC1 and SC2, was obtained through principle component analysis (PCA) of the mechanical properties along the membrane. Cells with the first two principle components within 3 standard deviations of the mean, were labeled as SC1, and those with the first two principle components greater than 3 standard deviations from the mean were labeled as SC2. The calculated shear modulus average was 1.1±0.2, 0.90±0.15, and 12 ± 8 MPa for NC, SC1, and SC2, respectively. The calculated young's modulus average was 3.3±0.6, 2.6±0.4, and 32±20 MPa for NC, SC1, and SC2, respectively. o our knowledge, the methods presented here are the first estimation of the erythrocyte mechanical properties and shear stress in vivo during capillary plug flow. In summary, the methods introduced in this study may provide a new avenue of investigation of erythrocyte mechanics in the context of hematologic conditions that adversely affect erythrocyte mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Jani
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alfredo Lucas
- Functional Cardiovascular Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Vinay P Jani
- Functional Cardiovascular Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Carlos Munoz
- Functional Cardiovascular Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Alexander T Williams
- Functional Cardiovascular Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Daniel Ortiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Ozlem Yalcin
- Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pedro Cabrales
- Functional Cardiovascular Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Depond M, Henry B, Buffet P, Ndour PA. Methods to Investigate the Deformability of RBC During Malaria. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1613. [PMID: 32038293 PMCID: PMC6990122 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a 30% decline in mortality since 2000, malaria still affected 219 million subjects and caused 435,000 deaths in 2017. Red blood cells (RBC) host Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria, of which Plasmodium falciparum is the most pathogenic. The deformability of RBC is markedly modified by invasion and development of P. falciparum. Surface membrane area is potentially impacted by parasite entry and development, the cytoskeleton is modified by parasite proteins and cytosol viscosity is altered by parasite metabolism. RBC hosting mature parasites (second half of the asexual erythrocytic cycle) are abnormally stiff but the main reason for their absence from the circulation is their adherence to endothelial cells, mediated by parasite proteins exposed at the infected-RBC surface. By contrast, the circulation of non-adherent rings and gametocytes, depends predominantly on deformability. Altered deformability of rings and of uninfected-RBC altered by malaria infection is an important determinant of malaria pathogenesis. It also impacts the response to antimalarial therapy. Unlike conventional antimalarials that target mature stages, currently recommended first-line artemisinin derivatives and the emerging spiroindolones act on circulating rings. Methods to investigate the deformability of RBC are therefore critical to understand the clearance of infected- and uninfected-RBC in malaria. Herein, we review the main methods to assess the deformability of P. falciparum infected-RBC, and their contribution to the understanding of how P. falciparum infection causes disease, how the parasite is transmitted and how antimalarial drugs induce parasite clearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallorie Depond
- UMR_S1134, BIGR, Inserm, Universit de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Henry
- UMR_S1134, BIGR, Inserm, Universit de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Buffet
- UMR_S1134, BIGR, Inserm, Universit de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Papa Alioune Ndour
- UMR_S1134, BIGR, Inserm, Universit de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lu M, Rab MA, Shevkoplyas SS, Sheehan VA. Blood rheology biomarkers in sickle cell disease. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:155-165. [PMID: 31948290 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219900494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common inherited blood disorder, affecting approximately 100,000 patients in the U.S. and millions more worldwide. Patients with SCD experience a wide range of clinical complications, including frequent pain crises, stroke, and early mortality, all originating from a single-point mutation in the β-globin subunit. The RBC changes resulting from the sickle mutation lead to a host of rheological abnormalities that diminish microvascular blood flow, and produce severe anemia due to RBC hemolysis, and ischemia from vaso-occlusion initiated by sticky, rigid sickle RBCs. While the pathophysiology and mechanisms of SCD have been investigated for many years, therapies to treat the disease are limited. In addition to RBC transfusion, there are only two US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs to ameliorate SCD complications: hydroxyurea (HU) and L-glutamine (Endari™). The only curative therapy currently available is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which is generally reserved for individuals with a matched related donor, comprising only 10–15% of the total SCD population. Potentially curative advanced gene therapy approaches for SCD are under investigation in ongoing clinical trials. The ultimate goal of any curative treatment should be to repair the hemorheological abnormalities caused by SCD, and thus normalize blood flow and prevent clinical complications. Our mini-review highlights a set of key hemorheological biomarkers (and the current and emerging technologies used to measure them) that may be used to guide the development of novel curative and palliative therapies for SCD, and functionally assess outcomes. Impact statement Severe impairment of blood rheology is the hallmark of SCD pathophysiology, and one of the key factors predisposing SCD patients to pain crises, organ damage, and early mortality. As novel therapies emerge to treat or cure SCD, it is crucial that these treatments are functionally evaluated for their effect on blood rheology. This review describes a comprehensive panel of rheological biomarkers, their clinical uses, and the technologies used to obtain them. The described technologies can produce highly sensitive measurements of the ability of current treatments to improve blood rheology of SCD patients. The goal of curative therapies should be to achieve blood rheology biomarkers measurements in the range of sickle cell trait individuals (HbAS). The use of the panel of rheological biomarkers proposed in this review could significantly accelerate the development, optimization, and clinical translation of novel therapies for SCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Minke Ae Rab
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry & Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584, The Netherlands
| | - Sergey S Shevkoplyas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Vivien A Sheehan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yaman S, Chintapula U, Rodriguez E, Ramachandramoorthy H, Nguyen KT. Cell-mediated and cell membrane-coated nanoparticles for drug delivery and cancer therapy. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2020; 3:879-911. [PMID: 33796822 PMCID: PMC8011581 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based drug delivery platforms have been developed over the last two decades because of their favorable features in terms of improved drug bioavailability and stability. Despite recent advancement in nanotechnology platforms, this approach still falls short to meet the complexity of biological systems and diseases, such as avoiding systemic side effects, manipulating biological interactions and overcoming drug resistance, which hinders the therapeutic outcomes of the NP-based drug delivery systems. To address these issues, various strategies have been developed including the use of engineered cells and/or cell membrane-coated nanocarriers. Cell membrane receptor profiles and characteristics are vital in performing therapeutic functions, targeting, and homing of either engineered cells or cell membrane-coated nanocarriers to the sites of interest. In this context, we comprehensively discuss various cell- and cell membrane-based drug delivery approaches towards cancer therapy, the therapeutic potential of these strategies, and the limitations associated with engineered cells as drug carriers and cell membrane-associated drug nanocarriers. Finally, we review various cell types and cell membrane receptors for their potential in targeting, immunomodulation and overcoming drug resistance in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Yaman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
- Joint Bioengineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
- Yaman S and Chintapula U contributed equally to this work
| | - Uday Chintapula
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
- Joint Bioengineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
- Yaman S and Chintapula U contributed equally to this work
| | - Edgar Rodriguez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
| | - Harish Ramachandramoorthy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
- Joint Bioengineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Kytai T. Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
- Joint Bioengineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
- Correspondence Address: Dr. Kytai T. Nguyen, Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, 500 UTA Blvd ERB244, Arlington, TX 76010, USA. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Impact of a 10 km running trial on eryptosis, red blood cell rheology, and electrophysiology in endurance trained athletes: a pilot study. Eur J Appl Physiol 2019; 120:255-266. [PMID: 31776697 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04271-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Blood rheology is a key determinant of blood flow and tissue perfusion. There are still large discrepancies regarding the effects of an acute running exercise on blood rheological properties and red blood cell (RBC) physiology. We investigated the effect of a 10 km running trial on markers of blood rheology and RBC physiology in endurance trained athletes. METHODS Blood was sampled before and after the exercise to measure lactate and glucose, hematological and hemorheological parameters (blood viscosity, RBC deformability, and aggregation), eryptosis markers (phosphatidylserine and CD47 exposure, RBC reactive oxygen species), RBC-derived microparticles (RBC-MPs), and RBC electrophysiological activity. Weight was measured before and after exercise. Peripheral oxygen saturation and heart rate were monitored before and during the trial. RESULTS Blood lactate and glucose levels increased after exercise and subjects significantly lost weight. All athletes experienced a significant fall in oxygen saturation. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was increased from 95.1 ± 3.2 to 96.0 ± 3.3 and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) decreased after exercise suggesting a slight RBC rehydration. Exercise increased RBC deformability from 0.344 ± 0.04 to 0.378 ± 0.07, decreased RBC aggregates strength and blood viscosity, while hematocrit (Hct) remained unaffected. While RBC electrophysiological recording suggested a modulation in RBC calcium content and/or chloride conductance, eryptosis markers and RBC-MPs were not modified by the exercise. CONCLUSION A 10 km acute running exercise had no effect on RBC senescence and membrane blebbing. In contrast, this exercise increased RBC deformability, probably through rehydration process which resulted in a decrease in blood viscosity.
Collapse
|
20
|
Renoux C, Faivre M, Bessaa A, Da Costa L, Joly P, Gauthier A, Connes P. Impact of surface-area-to-volume ratio, internal viscosity and membrane viscoelasticity on red blood cell deformability measured in isotonic condition. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6771. [PMID: 31043643 PMCID: PMC6494803 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43200-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osmotic gradient ektacytometry is the gold standard to assess red blood cell (RBC) deformability. It has been proposed that, when measured in isotonic condition, RBC deformability at low shear stress would depend on membrane elasticity while it would be influenced by internal viscosity when measured at high shear stress, but this hypothesis needs to be further addressed. Healthy RBCs were rigidified by treatment with lysolecithine (LPC), diamide or nystatine associated with hyperosmolar solutions (OSMO), which reduces membrane surface area, decreases membrane elasticity or promotes cell dehydration, respectively. Diamide treatment resulted in a decrease in isotonic RBC deformability at all shear stresses tested (i.e. from 0.3 to 30 Pa). LPC and OSMO treatments caused a decrease in isotonic RBC deformability above 3 Pa only. Isotonic RBC deformability from patients with hereditary spherocytosis or sickle cell disease was mainly decreased above 1.69 Pa. Our findings indicate that decreased isotonic RBC deformability at shear stresses above 3 Pa would be related to a reduction in the surface-area-to-volume ratio and/or to a loss of membrane elasticity and/or to an increase in internal viscosity while a decrease of RBC deformability below 3 Pa would reflect a loss of membrane elasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Renoux
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Equipe "Biologie vasculaire et du globule rouge", UCBL1, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence (Labex) GR-Ex, Paris, France.,Biochimie des pathologies érythrocytaires, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, HCL, Bron, France
| | - Magalie Faivre
- Université de Lyon; Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon INL-UMR5270 CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
| | - Amel Bessaa
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Equipe "Biologie vasculaire et du globule rouge", UCBL1, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence (Labex) GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Lydie Da Costa
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (Labex) GR-Ex, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital R. Debré, Paris, F-75019, France.,Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, F-75010, France.,INSERM U1134, Paris, F-75015, France
| | - Philippe Joly
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Equipe "Biologie vasculaire et du globule rouge", UCBL1, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence (Labex) GR-Ex, Paris, France.,Biochimie des pathologies érythrocytaires, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, HCL, Bron, France
| | - Alexandra Gauthier
- Institut d'hématologie et d'oncologie pédiatrique (IHOP), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Connes
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Equipe "Biologie vasculaire et du globule rouge", UCBL1, Lyon, France. .,Laboratoire d'Excellence (Labex) GR-Ex, Paris, France. .,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|