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Zhang RH, Cao SS, Shi Y, Wang X, Shi LL, Zhang YH, Han CJ, Wang B, Feng L, Liu JP. Astragaloside IV-mediated inhibition of oxidative stress by upregulation of ghrelin in type 2 diabetes-induced cognitive impairment. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2637-2650. [PMID: 37097336 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02486-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
This study is to observe the upregulation effect of astragaloside IV on ghrelin in diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) rats and to investigate the pathway in prevention and treatment by reducing oxidative stress. The DCI model was induced with streptozotocin (STZ) in conjunction with a high-fat and high-sugar diet and divided into three groups: model, low-dose (40 mg/kg), and high-dose (80 mg/kg) astragaloside IV. After 30 days of gavage, the learning and memory abilities of rats, as well as their body weight and blood glucose levels, were tested using the Morris water maze and then detection of insulin resistance, SOD activity, and serum MDA levels. The whole brain of rats was sampled for hematoxylin-eosin and Nissl staining to observe pathological changes in the hippocampal CA1 region. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect ghrelin expression in the hippocampal CA1 region. A Western blot was used to determine changes in GHS-R1α/AMPK/PGC-1α/UCP2. RT-qPCR was used to determine the levels of ghrelin mRNA. Astragaloside IV reduced nerve damage, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, decreased MDA levels, and improved insulin resistance. Ghrelin levels and expression increased in serum and hippocampal tissues, and ghrelin mRNA levels increased in rat stomach tissues. According to Western blot, it increased the expression of the ghrelin receptor GHS-R1α and upregulated the mitochondrial function associated-protein AMPK-PGC-1α-UCP2. Astragaloside IV increases ghrelin expression in the brain to reduce oxidative stress and delay diabetes-induced cognitive impairment. It may be related to the promotion of ghrelin mRNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Hua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei-Lei Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Han Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Jun Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Feng
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639# Longmian Road, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji-Ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Mechanism and Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China.
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Wan D, Zhu Z, Zhou J, Deng Z, Lei P, Liu Q, Sun X, Huang B. Astragaloside IV protects LO2 cells from oxidative damage caused by radiation-induced bystander effect through Akt/Nrf2 pathway. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:635-647. [PMID: 37663802 PMCID: PMC10470369 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The protective effects of astragaloside IV (ASIV) on various diseases are well known, but its potential impact on radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) has remained unclear. Objective This study aimed to explore the protective mechanism of ASIV against oxidative damage caused by RIBE in LO2 cells. Methods To construct the RIBE model, the conditioned medium from HepG2 cells irradiated with radiation was transferred to nonirradiated LO2 cells. LY294002, a commonly used phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway inhibitor, was added to LO2 cells 1 h before exposing HepG2 cells to radiation. LO2 cells were then collected for analyses after RIBE exposure. Results The study found that ASIV significantly improved cell proliferation and promoted the recovery of mitochondrial membrane potential while reducing the rate of apoptosis. Western blot analyses demonstrated that ASIV upregulated B-cell lymphoma 2 and downregulated B-cell lymphoma 2-related X protein and cleaved-caspase 3. Measurement of reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde levels showed that ASIV effectively restored the oxidative stress state induced by RIBE. Additionally, immunofluorescence and western blots analyses confirmed that ASIV enhanced the translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus and activated downstream nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate: quinine oxidoreductase 1 and heme oxygenase 1. Importantly, Akt pathway inhibitor repressed ASIV-induced activation of Nrf2 and its protective effect against RIBE. Conclusion This study demonstrates that ASIV protects LO2 cells against oxidative damage caused by RIBE through activation of the Akt/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danting Wan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zihao Zhu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zhengzheng Deng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Pengyuan Lei
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Xiaoya Sun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 West Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, China
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He J, Cui J, Shi Y, Wang T, Xin J, Li Y, Shan X, Zhu Z, Gao Y. Astragaloside IV Attenuates High-Glucose-Induced Impairment in Diabetic Nephropathy by Increasing Klotho Expression via the NF- κB/NLRP3 Axis. J Diabetes Res 2023; 2023:7423661. [PMID: 37261217 PMCID: PMC10228232 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7423661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Deficiencies in klotho are implicated in various kidney dysfunctions including diabetic nephropathy (DN) related to inflammatory responses. Klotho is closely related to inflammatory responses and is a potential target for ameliorating kidney failure. Pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death, is reported to take part in DN pathogenesis recently. This study is aimed at exploring whether and how klotho inhibited podocyte pyroptosis and whether astragaloside IV (AS-IV) protect podocyte through the regulation of klotho. Materials and Methods SD rat model of DN and conditionally immortalized mouse podocytes exposed to high glucose were treated with AS-IV. Biochemical assays and morphological examination, cell viability assay, cell transfection, phalloidin staining, ELISA, LDH release assay, SOD and MDA detection, MMP assay, ROS level detection, flow cytometry analysis, TUNEL staining assay, PI/Hoechst 33342 staining, immunofluorescence assay, and western blot were performed to elucidate podocyte pyroptosis and to observe the renal morphology. Results The treatment of AS-IV can improve renal function and protect podocytes exposed to high glucose. Klotho was decreased, and AS-IV increased klotho levels in serum and kidney tissue of DN rats as well as podocytes exposed to high glucose. AS-IV can inhibit DN glomeruli pyroptosis in vivo. In vitro, overexpressed klotho and treatment with AS-IV inhibited pyroptosis of podocytes cultured in high glucose. Klotho knockdown promoted podocyte pyroptosis, and treatment with AS-IV reversed this effect. Furthermore, the overexpression of klotho and AS-IV reduces oxidative stress levels and inhibited NF-κB activation and NLRP3-mediated podocytes' pyroptosis which was abolished by klotho knockdown. In addition, both the ROS inhibitor NAC and the NF-κB pathway inhibitor PDTC can inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation. NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 can inhibit pyroptosis of podocytes exposed to high glucose. Conclusion Altogether, our results demonstrate that the protective effect of AS-IV in upregulating klotho expression in diabetes-induced podocyte injury is associated with the inhibition of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis via the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin He
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Xin
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yimeng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Shan
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyao Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, China
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Gong F, Qu R, Li Y, Lv Y, Dai J. Astragalus Mongholicus: A review of its anti-fibrosis properties. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:976561. [PMID: 36160396 PMCID: PMC9490009 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.976561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fibrosis-related diseases (FRD) include cerebral fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, liver fibrosis, renal fibrosis, peritoneal fibrosis, etc. The effects of fibrosis can be severe, resulting in organ dysfunction, functional decline, and even organ failure, which can cause serious health problems.Aim: Currently, there is no effective modern medicine for anti-fibrosis in the clinics; however, Chinese medicine has a certain beneficial effect on treating such diseases. Astragalus Mongholicus (AM) has rich medicinal value, and its anti-fibrosis effect has been recently investigated. In recent years, more and more experimental studies have been conducted on the intervention of astragaloside IV (AS-IV), astragalus polysaccharide (APS), astragalus flavone, cycloastragalus alcohol, astragalus water extract and other pharmacological components in fibrosis-related diseases, attracting the interest of researchers. We aim to provide ideas for future research by summarizing recent research advances of AM in treating fibrosis-related diseases.Methods: A literature search was conducted from the core collections of electronic databases such as Baidu Literature, Sciencen.com, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct using the above keywords and the pharmacological and phytochemical details of the plant.Results: AM can be used to intervene in fibrosis-disease progression by regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, the immune system, and metabolism.Conclusion: AS-IV, APS, and astragalus flavone were studied and discussed in detail. These components have high potential anti-fibrosis activity. Overall, this review aims to gain insight into the AM’s role in treating fibro-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Gong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongmei Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics and Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application and National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongchun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Lv, ; Jingxing Dai,
| | - Jingxing Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics and Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application and National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Lv, ; Jingxing Dai,
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Chen NW, Gao JL, Li HL, Xu H, Wu LF, Meng FG, Chen W, Cao YF, Xie WH, Zhang XQ, Liu SH, Jin J, He Y, Lv JW. The protective effect of manganese superoxide dismutase from thermophilic bacterium HB27 on hydrochloric acid-induced chemical cystitis in rats. Int Urol Nephrol 2021; 54:1681-1691. [PMID: 34783980 PMCID: PMC9184365 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-03054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effects of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) from thermophilic bacterium HB27 (name as Tt-SOD) on chemical cystitis. Methods Control and experimental rats were infused by intravesical saline or hydrochloric acid (HCl) on the first day of the experiments. Saline, sodium hyaluronate (SH) or Tt-SOD were infused intravesically once a day for three consequent days. On the fifth day, the rats were weighted and sacrificed following a pain threshold test. The bladder was harvested for histological and biochemical analyses. Results Tt-SOD could reduce the bladder index, infiltration of inflammatory cells in tissues, serum inflammatory factors and SOD levels, mRNA expression of inflammatory factors in tissues, and increase perineal mechanical pain threshold and serum MDA and ROS levels in HCl-induced chemical cystitis. Furthermore, Tt-SOD alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress by the negative regulation of the NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusions Intravesical instillation of Tt-SOD provides protective effects against HCl-induced cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Wen Chen
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin-Lai Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Long Li
- Redox Medical Center for Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling-Feng Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan-Guo Meng
- Redox Medical Center for Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Fang Cao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Hua Xie
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Hui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yi He
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jian-Wei Lv
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Y, Mao XD, Cao AL, Chu S, Li ZJ, Wang YM, Peng W, Wang L, Wang H. Astragaloside IV prevents endothelial dysfunction by improving oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse aortas. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1197. [PMID: 34584542 PMCID: PMC8422382 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress serves a role in endothelial dysfunction exhibited by patients with diabetes mellitus. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a major active ingredient of Radix Astragali, which is considered to exhibit vasoprotective effects through unknown mechanisms. Thus, the current study was performed to investigate the protective effects of AS-IV in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced endothelial dysfunction and to explore whether antioxidant mechanisms were involved. The protective effects of AS-IV on the endothelium-dependent relaxation and contraction of aortic rings were determined by isometric tension recordings. NADPH subunits and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression was identified via western blotting. Superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde levels were assayed using ELISA. Furthermore, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) was detected via dihydroethidium and 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate staining, respectively. The results revealed that STZ-injected mice exhibited increased aortic endothelium-dependent vasoconstriction and decreased vasorelaxation to acetylcholine. However, AS-IV treatment reversed these effects. NG-nitro-L-arginine was subsequently used to completely inhibit impaired relaxation. Accordingly, impaired NO generation was restored following AS-IV treatment by increasing eNOS phosphorylation levels. Furthermore, ROS formation was also depressed following AS-IV treatment compared with that in STZ-injected mice. AS-IV also decreased the expression of various NADPH subunits, including human neutrophil cytochrome b light chain, neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, NADPH oxidase (NOX)2, NOX4 and Rac-1. The results of the current study may provide novel evidence that diabetes-induced vascular injury arises from either the inhibition of eNOS or the activation of NOX-derived ROS generation. In addition, the results warrant further investigation into the application of AS-IV treatment, leading to the improvement of oxidative stress, in patients with diabetes exhibiting endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Mao
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Li Cao
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Chu
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Li
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Man Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
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Zhu S, Wang Z, Yu J, Yin L, Zhu A. Atractylenolide III alleviates isoflurane-induced injury in rat hippocampal neurons by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13892. [PMID: 34363234 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of anesthetics relieves discomfort in patients during operation, but extensive application of anesthetics can cause damage to the nervous system. Atractylenolide III (ATL-III) is an active ingredient derived from Baizhu, which is a kind of traditional Chinese medicines. Recent studies have shown that ATL-III alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in various tissues by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. However, whether or not the application of ATL-III could relieve isoflurane-induced damage in rat hippocampal neurons remains unclear. In this study, rats were stimulated with isoflurane and treated with ATL-III (intragastric administration) simultaneously. After rats were sacrificed, apoptosis and autophagy in the hippocampal neurons were assessed using TUNEL assays and western blotting, respectively. Then, the expression of inflammatory factors was determined by q-PCR and ELISA. The levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR were quantified by western blotting. We found that ATL-III relieved isoflurane-induced apoptosis, autophagy and inflammation in hippocampal neurons in rats. ATL-III treatment also inhibited the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in these cells. Furthermore, ATL-III promoted the expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR in the hippocampal neurons. All these results indicated that ATL-III alleviated isoflurane-induced injury in rat hippocampal neurons by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Whether or not Atractylenolide III (ATL-III) could alleviate neurotoxicity induced by anesthetics is unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of ATL-III on anesthetic-induced nervous system damage. The findings from this study could also provide a novel therapy for the treatment of patients with anesthetic-induced nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zeru Wang
- MOE key Lab for NeuroInformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Lin Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Anding Zhu
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
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Liu J, Tan S, Wang Y, Luo J, Long Y, Mei X, Tang Y. Role of Metallothionein-1 and Metallothionein-2 in the Neuroprotective Mechanism of Sevoflurane Preconditioning in Mice. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:713-723. [PMID: 31953609 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of sevoflurane preconditioning (SPC) on neurons in ischemic mice. After SPC, mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Cerebral infarction area, cell apoptosis, and metallothionein-1 (MT-1) and metallothionein-2 (MT-2) expressions in MCAO mice were analyzed. Mouse primary neurons were isolated and cultured to determine the location of metallothioneins (MTs) using immunofluorescence. Neurons transfected with MT-siRNA, exogenous MTs, or sh-MTF-1 were subjected to SPC and/or oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), and MT-1/MT-2 expression and neurotoxin release were assayed. Meanwhile, neurons were treated with the nitric oxide donor SNAP, degraded SNAP, or the peroxide initiator paraquat, and alterations in MT-1/MT-2 expression and neurotoxicity release were observed. SPC attenuated neuronal injury and apoptosis in MCAO mice. SPC could protect neurons against OGD injury and resulted in upregulated MT-1/MT-2 expression. MT-siRNA transfection led to the downregulated expression of MT-1/MT-2 and increased neurotoxicity, and the expression patterns of these neurons were different from those of neurons transfected with exogenous MTs. The knockdown of MTs could hinder the protective effect of SPC against OGD. Pretreatment with SNAP or paraquat could increase MTF-1 expression in the nucleus of neurons, protecting against OGD injury. The inhibition of nitric oxide and peroxide inhibited the protective role of SPC in OGD by downregulating MTF-1 expression. sh-MTF-1 transfection downregulated MT-1/MT-2 expression and enhanced neurotoxicity in neurons. SPC confers neuroprotection in focal cerebral ischemia mouse models by upregulating the expression of MT-1 and MT-2 by activating NO and peroxide and increasing MTF-1 expression in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology of ERAS in Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Suhong Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology of ERAS in Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology of ERAS in Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology of ERAS in Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology of ERAS in Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiping Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology of ERAS in Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixun Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology of ERAS in Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Costa IM, Lima FOV, Fernandes LCB, Norrara B, Neta FI, Alves RD, Cavalcanti JRLP, Lucena EES, Cavalcante JS, Rego ACM, Filho IA, Queiroz DB, Freire MAM, Guzen FP. Astragaloside IV Supplementation Promotes A Neuroprotective Effect in Experimental Models of Neurological Disorders: A Systematic Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 17:648-665. [PMID: 30207235 PMCID: PMC6712289 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666180911123341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Neurological disorders constitute a growing worldwide concern due to the progressive aging of the population and the risky behavior they represent. Herbal medicines have scientific relevance in the treatment of these pathol-ogies. One of these substances, Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), is the main active compound present in the root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge, a Chinese medicinal herb with neuroprotective properties. Objective: In the present study we performed a systematic review that sought to comprehend the neuroprotective effect pre-sented by AS-IV in experimental models of neurological disorders. Method: This study is a systematic review, where an electronic search in United States National Library of Medicine (Pub-Med), Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Scopus, Web of Science, Medline via Proquest and Periodicos Capes databases covering the years between 2007 and 2017, using “Astragaloside IV” and “Neurodegenerative diseases”; “Astragaloside IV” and “ Neurological disorders” as reference terms was made. Results: A total of 16 articles were identified, in which the efficacy of AS-IV was described in experimental models of Par-kinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cerebral ischemia and autoimmune encephalomyelitis, by improving motor deficits and/or neurochemical activity, especially antioxidant systems, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that the administration of AS-IV can improve behavioral and neuro-chemical deficits largely due to its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, emerging as an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ianara M Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Francisca O V Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Luciana C B Fernandes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Bianca Norrara
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Francisca I Neta
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo D Alves
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - José R L P Cavalcanti
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Eudes E S Lucena
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Jeferson S Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Amalia C M Rego
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Irami A Filho
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Dinalva B Queiroz
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Marco A M Freire
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Fausto P Guzen
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil.,Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal/RN, Brazil
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Kelleci Çelik F, Charehsaz M, Aydin A. Toxicological evaluation of the interaction between circadian rhythm activator; KL001 and general anesthetic; isoflurane. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1698808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feyza Kelleci Çelik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Sağlık Bilimleri University Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Charehsaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Aydin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Shao D, Wu Z, Bai S, Fu G, Zou Z. The function of miRNA‑153 against isoflurane‑induced neurotoxicity via Nrf2/ARE cytoprotection. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4001-4010. [PMID: 30896808 PMCID: PMC6471563 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the function of micro (mi)RNA‑153 against isoflurane‑induced neurotoxicity and its mechanism. In isoflurane‑induced mice, miRNA‑153 expression was downregulated compared with in the control group. Downregulation of miRNA‑153 induced neurocyte apoptosis, reduced cell growth and promoted oxidative stress in an in vitro model. Overexpression of miRNA‑153 reduced oxidative stress, promoted cell growth and inhibited neurocyte apoptosis within an in vitro model. Downregulation of miRNA‑153 suppressed nuclear erythroid‑2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway, which was induced via the overexpression of miRNA‑153 in vitro. The Nrf2 agonist, dimethyl fumarate (2.5 µM), induced the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and reduced oxidative stress to induce neurocyte apoptosis in vitro following treatment with anti‑miRNA‑153. The results of the present study suggested the function of miRNA‑153 against neurotoxicity via Nrf2/ARE‑mediated cytoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Zhouquan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Shuying Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Guowei Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqing Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
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12
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Astragaloside IV Alleviates Ammonia-Induced Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030600. [PMID: 30704086 PMCID: PMC6386910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonia is one of the major toxic components of metabolites in blood and tissues of high-producing dairy cows and could affect the health of bovine mammary glands. Bovine mammary epithelial cells are sensitive to oxidative stress induced by intensive cell metabolism. In our previous study, we found that ammonia could induce oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammatory responses in bovine mammary epithelial cells. In the present study, the cytoprotective effects of astragaloside IV against ammonia in vitro were explored. The results demonstrated that pretreatment of MAC-T cells with astragaloside IV could potently suppress the increase in the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the rate of cell apoptosis, inhibit the ammonia-induced inflammatory responses, and rescue the decrease of cell viability. Astragaloside IV prevented ammonia-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Astragaloside IV also significantly suppressed the levels of BAX, caspase 3 and p53 phosphorylation in ammonia-induced MAC-T cells. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) was essential for cytoprotective effects of astragaloside IV in MAC-T cells, as knockdown of Nrf2 dramatically abolished the prosurvival effects of astragaloside IV on treated cells. Furthermore, the PI3K/AKT and ERK/MAPK pathways were responsible for the induction of Nrf2 by astragaloside IV. In conclusion, astragaloside IV played a beneficial role against ammonia-induced damage of MAC-T cells. This provides a cue for future study to use astragaloside IV as a protective and curative agent against ammonia exposure of mammary glands in dairy cows.
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Bao F, Kang X, Xie Q, Wu J. HIF-α/PKM2 and PI3K-AKT pathways involved in the protection by dexmedetomidine against isoflurane or bupivacaine-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:63-70. [PMID: 30651766 PMCID: PMC6307527 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the mechanism underlying the protective effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on hippocampal neuronal HT22 cell apoptosis induced by the anesthetics isoflurane and bupivacaine. The cellular morphology was observed using a phase contrast microscope. The effects of anesthetics on cell proliferation were assayed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). The levels of apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry utilizing Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double staining, and the protein expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3′-kinase (p-PI3K), p-protein kinase B (p-AKT), hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-α), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax), Bcl-2 and cytochrome c were detected by western blot analysis. In vitro treatment with anesthetics was identified to decrease cell proliferation (P<0.01), the effect of which was then markedly inhibited by treatment with Dex (P<0.01) or a PI3K/AKT agonist. Exposure to anesthetics induced apoptosis in HT22 cells (75.4%), which was significantly attenuated by co-treatment with Dex (26.2%) or the PI3K/AKT agonist (28.1%). Analysis of the protein expression levels revealed that exposure to anesthetics resulted in the activation of cleaved caspase-3, Bax, cytochrome c, HIF-α and PKM2 and decreased the expression levels of Bcl-2, p-PI3K and p-AKT. However, these changes were inhibited by treatment with Dex or the PI3K/AKT agonist. Dex protected hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells from anesthetic-induced apoptosis through the promotion of the PI3K/AKT pathway and inhibition of the HIF-α/PKM2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangping Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xianhui Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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14
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Wang L, Gu W, Shi Y, Chen Y, Tan Y. Protective effects of astragaloside IV on IL-8-treated diaphragmatic muscle cells. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:519-524. [PMID: 30651831 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The diaphragmatic fatigue that results from airflow obstruction is associated with the severe morbidity of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) has antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities in various cell types. The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of AS-IV in diaphragmatic muscle cells. Diaphragmatic muscle cells extracted from neonatal rats were treated with a series of AS-IV concentrations (5, 10 or 20 mg/l) and the AKT inhibitor GSK690693 in the presence of interleukin-8 (IL-8). Cell proliferation and AKT phosphorylation were measured using Cell Counting Kit-8 and western blot assays, respectively. Cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were evaluated using flow cytometric analysis. Caspase activity and concentrations of proinflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6 and IL-8) were assessed using a caspase colorimetric assay and ELISA, respectively. IL-8 treatment resulted in decreased rates of cell proliferation and increased rates of AKT phosphorylation, cell apoptosis, caspase 3/9 activity, ROS production and proinflammatory factor production. AS-IV and GSK690693 treatment reversed the effects of IL-8. The effects of AS-IV were dose-dependent. The present results suggested that AS-IV is a candidate for the treatment of diaphragmatic fatigue due to its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
| | - Yubao Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
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15
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Jiang P, Ma D, Wang X, Wang Y, Bi Y, Yang J, Wang X, Li X. Astragaloside IV Prevents Obesity-Associated Hypertension by Improving Pro-Inflammatory Reaction and Leptin Resistance. Mol Cells 2018; 41:244-255. [PMID: 29562733 PMCID: PMC5881098 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-grade pro-inflammatory state and leptin resistance are important underlying mechanisms that contribute to obesity-associated hypertension. We tested the hypothesis that Astragaloside IV (As IV), known to counteract obesity and hypertension, could prevent obesity-associated hypertension by inhibiting pro-inflammatory reaction and leptin resistance. High-fat diet (HFD) induced obese rats were randomly assigned to three groups: the HFD control group (HF con group), As IV group, and the As IV + α-bungaratoxin (α-BGT) group (As IV+α-BGT group). As IV (20 mg·Kg-1·d-1) was administrated to rats for 6 weeks via daily oral gavage. Body weight and blood pressure were continuously measured, and NE levels in the plasma and renal cortex was evaluated to reflect the sympathetic activity. The expressions of leptin receptor (LepRb) mRNA, phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (p-STAT3), phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-PI3K), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) mRNA, and protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) mRNA, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA and neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA were measured by Western blot or qRT-PCR to evaluate the hypothalamic leptin sensitivity. Additionally, we measured the protein or mRNA levels of α7nAChR, inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase subunit β/ nuclear factor κB (IKKβ/NF-KB) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) in hypothalamus and adipose tissue to reflect the anti-inflammatory effects of As IV through upregulating expression of α7nAChR. We found that As IV prevented body weight gain and adipose accumulation, and also improved metabolic disorders in HFD rats. Furthermore, As IV decreased BP and HR, as well as NE levels in blood and renal tissue. In the hypothalamus, As IV alleviated leptin resistance as evidenced by the increased p-STAT3, LepRb mRNA and POMC mRNA, and decreased p-PI3K, SOCS3 mRNA, and PTP1B mRNA. The effects of As IV on leptin sensitivity were related in part to the up-regulated α7nAchR and suppressed IKKβ/NF-KB signaling and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hypothalamus and adipose tissue, since co-administration of α7nAChR selective antagonist α-BGT could weaken the improved effect of As IV on central leptin resistance. Our study suggested that As IV could efficiently prevent obesity-associated hypertension through inhibiting inflammatory reaction and improving leptin resistance; furthermore, these effects of As IV was partly related to the increased α7nAchR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jiang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong,
R.P, China
| | - Dufang Ma
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong,
R.P, China
| | - Xue Wang
- China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing,
R.P, China
| | - Yongcheng Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong,
R.P, China
| | - Yuxin Bi
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong,
R.P, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong,
P.R, China
| | - Xuebing Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong,
R.P, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong,
P.R, China
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16
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Lu J, Wang QY, Zhou Y, Lu XC, Liu YH, Wu Y, Guo Q, Ma YT, Tang YQ. AstragalosideⅣ against cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting TRPM7 channel. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 30:10-17. [PMID: 28545665 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragaloside Ⅳ (ASG-Ⅳ, (Fig. 1) is the most active component of Chinese sp. Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (Fabaceae) that has showed antioxidant, antiapoptotic and antiviral activities among others. It is reported to play an important role in cardiac fibrosis (CF), but the mechanism remains unclear. PURPOSE To investigate the mechanism of ASG-Ⅳ on inhibiting myocardial fibrosis induced by hypoxia. STUDY DESIGN We studied the relationship between anti-fibrotic effect of ASG-Ⅳ and transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 7 (TRPM7) by in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS In vivo, CF was induced by subcutaneous isoproterenol (ISO) for 10 days. Rat hearts were resected for histological experiment and reverse transcription real-time quantitative poly merase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In vitro, molecular and cellular biology technologies were used to confirm the anti-fibrosis effect underlying mechanism of ASG-Ⅳ. RESULTS Histological findings and the collagen volume fraction showed that ASG-Ⅳ decreased fibrosis in heart tissues. Hypoxia could stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of cardiac fibroblast which indicated that the degree of fibrosis was increased significantly. Anoxic treatment could also obviously up-regulate the expression of TRPM7 protein and current. ASG-Ⅳ groups showed the opposite results. Knock-down TRPM7 experiment further confirmed the role of TRPM7 channel in hypoxia-induced cardiac fibrosis. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the inhibition of hypoxia-induced CF in vivo and in vitro by ASG-IV is associated with reduction of the expression of TRPM7. The moderate inhibition of the TRPM7 channel may be a new strategy for treating cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Quan-Yi Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiao-Chun Lu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA general hospital, Beijing100853, PR China
| | - Yong-Hui Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qiao Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yun-Tian Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Hanlin College, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yi-Qun Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Meng JJ, Li SP, Zhao FY, Tong Y, Mu DZ, Qu Y. [Effect of telomerase activation on biological behaviors of neural stem cells in rats with hypoxic-ischemic insults]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2017; 19:229-236. [PMID: 28202125 PMCID: PMC7389468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of telomerase activation on biological behaviors of neural stem cells after hypoxic-ischemic insults. METHODS The neural stem cells passaged in vitro were divided into four groups: control, oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), OGD+cycloastragenol (CAG) high concentration (final concentration of 25 μM), and OGD+CAG low concentration (final concentration of 10 μM). The latter three groups were subjected to OGD. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) expression level was evaluated by Western blot. Telomerase activity was detected by telomerase repeat amplification protocol (TRAP). Cell number and neural sphere diameter were measured under a microscope. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was examined by chemiluminescence. Cell proliferation rate and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS After OGD insults, obvious injury of neural stem cells was observed, including less cell number, smaller neural sphere, more dead cells, lower proliferation rate and decreased survival rate. In CAG-treated groups, there were higher TERT expression level and telomerase activity compared with the control group (P<0.05). In comparison with the OGD group, CAG treatment attenuated cell loss (P<0.05) and neural sphere diameter decrease (P<0.05), promoted cell proliferation (P<0.05), and increased cell survival rate (P<0.05). Low and high concentrations of CAG had similar effects on proliferation and survival of neural stem cells (P>0.05). In the normal cultural condition, CAG treatment also enhanced TERT expression (P<0.05) and increased cell numbers (P<0.05) and neural sphere diameter (P<0.05) compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS Telomerase activation can promote the proliferation and improve survival of neural stem cells under the state of hypoxic-ischemic insults, suggesting telomerase activators might be potential agents for the therapy of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Chengdu 610041, China.
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18
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Meng JJ, Li SP, Zhao FY, Tong Y, Mu DZ, Qu Y. [Effect of telomerase activation on biological behaviors of neural stem cells in rats with hypoxic-ischemic insults]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2017; 19:229-236. [PMID: 28202125 PMCID: PMC7389468 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of telomerase activation on biological behaviors of neural stem cells after hypoxic-ischemic insults. METHODS The neural stem cells passaged in vitro were divided into four groups: control, oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), OGD+cycloastragenol (CAG) high concentration (final concentration of 25 μM), and OGD+CAG low concentration (final concentration of 10 μM). The latter three groups were subjected to OGD. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) expression level was evaluated by Western blot. Telomerase activity was detected by telomerase repeat amplification protocol (TRAP). Cell number and neural sphere diameter were measured under a microscope. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was examined by chemiluminescence. Cell proliferation rate and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS After OGD insults, obvious injury of neural stem cells was observed, including less cell number, smaller neural sphere, more dead cells, lower proliferation rate and decreased survival rate. In CAG-treated groups, there were higher TERT expression level and telomerase activity compared with the control group (P<0.05). In comparison with the OGD group, CAG treatment attenuated cell loss (P<0.05) and neural sphere diameter decrease (P<0.05), promoted cell proliferation (P<0.05), and increased cell survival rate (P<0.05). Low and high concentrations of CAG had similar effects on proliferation and survival of neural stem cells (P>0.05). In the normal cultural condition, CAG treatment also enhanced TERT expression (P<0.05) and increased cell numbers (P<0.05) and neural sphere diameter (P<0.05) compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS Telomerase activation can promote the proliferation and improve survival of neural stem cells under the state of hypoxic-ischemic insults, suggesting telomerase activators might be potential agents for the therapy of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Su ZY, Ye Q, Liu XB, Chen YZ, Zhan H, Xu SY. Dexmedetomidine mitigates isoflurane-induced neurodegeneration in fetal rats during the second trimester of pregnancy. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1329-1337. [PMID: 28966649 PMCID: PMC5607829 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.213554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine has significant neuroprotective effects. However, whether its protective effects can reduce neurotoxicity caused by isoflurane in fetal brain during the second trimester of pregnancy remains unclear. In this study, timed-pregnancy rats at gestational day 14 spontaneously inhaled 1.5% isoflurane for 4 hours, and were intraperitoneally injected with dexmedetomidine at dosages of 5, 10, 20, and 20 μg/kg 15 minutes before inhalation and after inhalation for 2 hours. Our results demonstrate that 4 hours after inhaling isoflurane, 20 μg/kg dexmedetomidine visibly mitigated isoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis, reversed downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression, and lessened decreased spatial learning and memory ability in adulthood in the fetal rats. Altogether, these findings indicate that dexmedetomidine can reduce neurodegeneration induced by isoflurane in fetal rats during the second trimester of pregnancy. Further, brain-derived neurotrophic factor participates in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Su
- Department of Anesthesia, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Anesthesia, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xian-Bao Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong Zhan
- Department of Anesthesia, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shi-Yuan Xu
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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