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Solidoro R, Centonze A, Miciaccia M, Baldelli OM, Armenise D, Ferorelli S, Perrone MG, Scilimati A. Fluorescent imaging probes for in vivo ovarian cancer targeted detection and surgery. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1800-1866. [PMID: 38367227 DOI: 10.1002/med.22027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer, with a survival rate of approximately 40% at five years from the diagno. The first-line treatment consists of cytoreductive surgery combined with chemotherapy (platinum- and taxane-based drugs). To date, the main prognostic factor is related to the complete surgical resection of tumor lesions, including occult micrometastases. The presence of minimal residual diseases not detected by visual inspection and palpation during surgery significantly increases the risk of disease relapse. Intraoperative fluorescence imaging systems have the potential to improve surgical outcomes. Fluorescent tracers administered to the patient may support surgeons for better real-time visualization of tumor lesions during cytoreductive procedures. In the last decade, consistent with the discovery of an increasing number of ovarian cancer-specific targets, a wide range of fluorescent agents were identified to be employed for intraoperatively detecting ovarian cancer. Here, we present a collection of fluorescent probes designed and developed for fluorescence-guided ovarian cancer surgery. Original articles published between 2011 and November 2022 focusing on fluorescent probes, currently under preclinical and clinical investigation, were searched in PubMed. The keywords used were targeted detection, ovarian cancer, fluorescent probe, near-infrared fluorescence, fluorescence-guided surgery, and intraoperative imaging. All identified papers were English-language full-text papers, and probes were classified based on the location of the biological target: intracellular, membrane, and extracellular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Solidoro
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Centonze
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Morena Miciaccia
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Olga Maria Baldelli
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Armenise
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Savina Ferorelli
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Fan J, Zhu J, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Xu H. Potential therapeutic target for polysaccharide inhibition of colon cancer progression. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1325491. [PMID: 38264044 PMCID: PMC10804854 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1325491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, colon cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, posing a great threat to human health. Studies have shown that natural polysaccharides have rich biological activities and medicinal value, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, and immune-enhancing effects, especially with potential anti-colon cancer mechanisms. Natural polysaccharides can not only protect and enhance the homeostasis of the intestinal environment but also exert a direct inhibition effect on cancer cells, making it a promising strategy for treating colon cancer. Preliminary clinical experiments have demonstrated that oral administration of low and high doses of citrus pectin polysaccharides can reduce tumor volume in mice by 38% (p < 0.02) and 70% (p < 0.001), respectively. These results are encouraging. However, there are relatively few clinical studies on the effectiveness of polysaccharide therapy for colon cancer, and ensuring the effective bioavailability of polysaccharides in the body remains a challenge. In this article, we elucidate the impact of the physicochemical factors of polysaccharides on their anticancer effects and then reveal the anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of natural polysaccharides on colon cancer. Finally, we emphasize the challenges of using polysaccharides in the treatment of colon cancer and discuss future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianshu Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yinmeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Bouyahya A, Bakrim S, Chamkhi I, Taha D, El Omari N, El Mneyiy N, El Hachlafi N, El-Shazly M, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Goh KW, Ming LC, Goh BH, Aanniz T. Bioactive substances of cyanobacteria and microalgae: Sources, metabolism, and anticancer mechanism insights. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115989. [PMID: 38103309 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and microalgae contain various phytochemicals, including bioactive components in the form of secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, and tannins, with remarkable anticancer effects. This review highlights the recent advances in bioactive compounds, with potential anticancer activity, produced by cyanobacteria and microalgae. Previous in vitro investigations showed that many of these bioactive compounds exhibit potent effects against different human cancer types, such as leukemia and breast cancers. Multiple mechanisms implicated in the antitumor effect of these compounds were elucidated, including their ability to target cellular, subcellular, and molecular checkpoints linked to cancer development and promotion. Recent findings have highlighted various mechanisms of action of bioactive compounds produced by cyanobacteria and microalgae, including induction of autophagy and apoptosis, inhibition of telomerase and protein kinases, as well as modulation of epigenetic modifications. In vivo investigations have demonstrated a potent anti-angiogenesis effect on solid tumors, as well as a reduction in tumor volume. Some of these compounds were examined in clinical investigations for certain types of cancers, making them potent candidates/scaffolds for antitumor drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 10106, Morocco.
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnologies, and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Imane Chamkhi
- Geo-Biodiversity and Natural Patrimony Laboratory (GeoBio), Geophysics, Natural Patrimony Research Center (GEOPAC), Scientific Institute, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Douae Taha
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Mneyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 34025 Taouanate, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road Fez, Fez 30003, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, Cairo 11432, Egypt
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, 71800 Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- Sunway Biofunctional Molecules Discovery Centre (SBMDC), School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Sunway City, Malaysia; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tarik Aanniz
- Biotechnology Laboratory (MedBiotech), Bioinova Research Center, Rabat Medical and Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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Sanniyasi E, Gopal RK, Damodharan R, Arumugam A, Sampath Kumar M, Senthilkumar N, Anbalagan M. In vitro anticancer potential of laminarin and fucoidan from Brown seaweeds. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14452. [PMID: 37660108 PMCID: PMC10475116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine seaweeds are rich source of polysaccharides present in their cell wall and are cultivated and consumed in China, Japan, Korea, and South Asian countries. Brown seaweeds (Phaeophyta) are rich source of polysaccharides such as Laminarin and Fucoidan. In present study, both the laminarin and fucoidan were isolated was yielded higher in PP (Padina pavonica) (4.36%) and STM (Stoechospermum marginatum) (2.32%), respectively. The carbohydrate content in laminarin and fucoidan was 86.91% and 87.36%, whereas the sulphate content in fucoidan was 20.68%. Glucose and mannose were the major monosaccharide units in laminarin (PP), however, fucose, galactose, and xylose in fucoidan (STM). FT-IR down peaks represent the carbohydrate of laminarin and fucoidan except, for 1219 cm-1, and 843 cm-1, illustrating the sulphate groups of fucoidan. The molecular weight of laminarin was 3-5 kDa, and the same for fucoidan was 2-6 kDa, respectively. Both the Fucoidan and Laminarin showed null cytotoxicity on Vero cells. Contrastingly, the fucoidan possess cytotoxic activity on human liver cancer cells (HepG2) (IC50-24.4 ± 1.5 µg/mL). Simultaneously, laminarin also shown cytotoxicity on human colon cancer cells (HT-29) (IC50-57 ± 1.2 µg/mL). The AO/EB (Acriding Orange/Ethidium Bromide) assay significantly resulted in apoptosis and necrosis upon laminarin and fucoidan treatments, respectively. The DNA fragmentation results support necrotic cancer cell death. Therefore, laminarin and fucoidan from PP and STM were potential bioactive compounds for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elumalai Sanniyasi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India.
| | - Rajesh Kanna Gopal
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Rajesh Damodharan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India
| | - Arthi Arumugam
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, 602105, India
| | | | | | - Monisha Anbalagan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jeppiar Engineering College, Chennai, 600119, India
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Begolli R, Chatziangelou M, Samiotaki M, Goutas A, Barda S, Goutzourelas N, Kevrekidis DP, Malea P, Trachana V, Liu M, Lin X, Kollatos N, Stagos D, Giakountis A. Transcriptome and proteome analysis reveals the anti-cancer properties of Hypnea musciformis marine macroalga extract in liver and intestinal cancer cells. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:71. [PMID: 37525271 PMCID: PMC10388463 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00517-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marine seaweeds are considered as a rich source of health-promoting compounds by the food and pharmaceutical industry. Hypnea musciformis is a marine red macroalga (seaweed) that is widely distributed throughout the world, including the Mediterranean Sea. It is known to contain various bioactive compounds, including sulfated polysaccharides, flavonoids, and phlorotannins. Recent studies have investigated the potential anticancer effects of extracts from H. musciformis demonstrating their cytotoxic effects on various cancer cell lines. The anticancer effects of these extracts are thought to be due to the presence of bioactive compounds, particularly sulfated polysaccharides, which have been shown to have anticancer and immunomodulatory effects. However, further studies are needed to fully understand the molecular mechanisms that underlie their anticancer effects and to determine their potential as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment. METHODS H. musciformis was collected from the Aegean Sea (Greece) and used for extract preparation. Transcriptome and proteome analysis was performed in liver and colon cancer human cell lines following treatment with H. musciformis seaweed extracts to characterize its anticancer effect in detail at the molecular level and to link transcriptome and proteome responses to the observed phenotypes in cancer cells. RESULTS We have identified that treatment with the seaweed extract triggers a p53-mediated response at the transcriptional and protein level in liver cancer cells, in contrast to colon cancer cells in which the effects are more associated with metabolic changes. Furthermore, we show that in treated HepG2 liver cancer cells, p53 interacts with the chromatin of several target genes and facilitates their upregulation possibly through the recruitment of the p300 co-activator. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the available evidence suggests that extracts from H. musciformis have the potential to serve as a source of anticancer agents in liver cancer cells mainly through activation of a p53-mediated anti-tumor response that is linked to inhibition of cellular proliferation and induction of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodiola Begolli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | - Myrto Chatziangelou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Andreas Goutas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sofia Barda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Goutzourelas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Phaedon Kevrekidis
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Malea
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Varvara Trachana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, 12 Binhai Rd, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Nikolaos Kollatos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stagos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Antonis Giakountis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece.
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Malyarenko OS, Usoltseva RV, Rasin AB, Ermakova SP. The carboxymethylated derivative of laminaran from brown alga Saccharina cichorioides: Structure, anticancer and anti-invasive activities in 3D cell culture. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:803-812. [PMID: 36442557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides' derivatives are promising biologically active compounds for biotechnology, nutrition, industries, and are becoming increasingly important in medicine and pharmacy. Laminaran from brown alga Saccharina cichorioides (ScL) was chemically modified to obtain the carboxymethylated derivative (ScLCM) with improved structure and bioactivity. ScLCM was identified as (1 → 3)-β-D-glucan with -CH2-COOH groups at some positions 2, 4, and 6 of glucose residues. The anticancer activity of ScLCM was studied on the models of viability and invasion of 3D human melanoma SK-MEL-28, breast cancer T-47D, and colorectal carcinoma DLD-1 cells in comparison with native laminaran or its sulfated or aminated derivatives. ScLCM had the highest anticancer and anti-invasive effects among investigated polysaccharides. ScLCM significantly suppressed the viability and invasion of 3D SK-MEL-28 cells via the regulation of the activity of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP 9) and protein kinases of ERK/MAPK signaling pathway. These findings may contribute to the reported anticancer effects of algal polysaccharides' derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya S Malyarenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100-let Vladivostok Ave., 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Roza V Usoltseva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100-let Vladivostok Ave., 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Anton B Rasin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100-let Vladivostok Ave., 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana P Ermakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100-let Vladivostok Ave., 690022 Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
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Emerging Role of Plant-Based Dietary Components in Post-Translational Modifications Associated with Colorectal Cancer. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020264. [PMID: 36836621 PMCID: PMC9962725 DOI: 10.3390/life13020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Its main modifiable risk factors are diet, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Thus, the right approach through lifestyle changes may lead to its prevention. In fact, some natural dietary components have exhibited chemopreventive activity through modulation of cellular processes involved in CRC development. Although cancer is a multi-factorial process, the study of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins associated with CRC has recently gained interest, as inappropriate modification is closely related to the activation of cell signalling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. Therefore, this review aimed to collect the main PTMs associated with CRC, analyse the relationship between different proteins that are susceptible to inappropriate PTMs, and review the available scientific literature on the role of plant-based dietary compounds in modulating CRC-associated PTMs. In summary, this review suggested that some plant-based dietary components such as phenols, flavonoids, lignans, terpenoids, and alkaloids may be able to correct the inappropriate PTMs associated with CRC and promote apoptosis in tumour cells.
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Ebrahimi B, Baroutian S, Li J, Zhang B, Ying T, Lu J. Combination of marine bioactive compounds and extracts for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1047026. [PMID: 36712534 PMCID: PMC9879610 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1047026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, marine-based functional foods and combination therapy are receiving greater recognition for their roles in healthy lifestyle applications and are being investigated as viable and effective strategies for disease treatment or prevention. Aim of the review This review article presents and discusses the relevant scientific publications that have studied the synergistic and additive effects of natural marine bioactive compounds and extract combinations with anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemopreventive activities in the last two decades. The paper presents the mechanism of action and health benefits of developed combinations and discusses the limitation of the studies. Furthermore, it recommends alternatives and directions for future studies. Finally, it highlights the factors for developing novel combinations of marine bioactive compounds. Key scientific concepts of review Combination of marine bioactive compounds or extracts affords synergistic or additive effects by multiple means, such as multi-target effects, enhancing the bioavailability, boosting the bioactivity, and neutralizing adverse effects of compounds in the mixture. For the development of marine-based combinations, there are key points for consideration and issues to address: knowledge of the mechanism of action of individual compounds and their combinations, optimum ratio and dosing of compounds, and experimental models must all be taken into account. Strategies to increase the number and diversity of marine combinations, and further development of marine-based functional foods, are available. However, only a small number of natural marine bioactive combinations have been assessed, and most research has been focused on fish oil and carotenoid synergy. Therefore, more research and resources should be spent on developing novel marine bioactive combinations as functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belgheis Ebrahimi
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Saeid Baroutian
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Baohong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianlei Ying
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand,Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand,Institute of Biomedical Technology, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Discovery, Auckland, New Zealand,College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China,College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,*Correspondence: Jun Lu ✉
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Rautela I, Thapliyal P, Sahni S, Rayal R, Sharma MD. Potential of seaweeds in preventing cancer and HIV infection in humans. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Khotimchenko YS, Silachev DN, Katanaev VL. Marine Natural Products from the Russian Pacific as Sources of Drugs for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:708. [PMID: 36421986 PMCID: PMC9697637 DOI: 10.3390/md20110708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are growing to become one of humanity's biggest health problems, given the number of individuals affected by them. They cause enough mortalities and severe economic impact to rival cancers and infections. With the current diversity of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative diseases, on the one hand, and scarcity of efficient prevention and treatment strategies, on the other, all possible sources for novel drug discovery must be employed. Marine pharmacology represents a relatively uncharted territory to seek promising compounds, despite the enormous chemodiversity it offers. The current work discusses one vast marine region-the Northwestern or Russian Pacific-as the treasure chest for marine-based drug discovery targeting neurodegenerative diseases. We overview the natural products of neurological properties already discovered from its waters and survey the existing molecular and cellular targets for pharmacological modulation of the disease. We further provide a general assessment of the drug discovery potential of the Russian Pacific in case of its systematic development to tackle neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri S. Khotimchenko
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 8 ul. Sukhanova, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Denis N. Silachev
- Department of Functional Biochemistry of Biopolymers, A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir L. Katanaev
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 8 ul. Sukhanova, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Jackson SA, Duan M, Zhang P, Ihua MW, Stengel DB, Duan D, Dobson ADW. Isolation, identification, and biochemical characterization of a novel bifunctional phosphomannomutase/phosphoglucomutase from the metagenome of the brown alga Laminaria digitata. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1000634. [PMID: 36212884 PMCID: PMC9537760 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae host diverse epiphytic bacterial communities with potential symbiotic roles including important roles influencing morphogenesis and growth of the host, nutrient exchange, and protection of the host from pathogens. Macroalgal cell wall structures, exudates, and intra-cellular environments possess numerous complex and valuable carbohydrates such as cellulose, hemi-cellulose, mannans, alginates, fucoidans, and laminarin. Bacterial colonizers of macroalgae are important carbon cyclers, acquiring nutrition from living macroalgae and also from decaying macroalgae. Seaweed epiphytic communities are a rich source of diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes which may have useful applications in industrial bioprocessing. With this in mind, we constructed a large insert fosmid clone library from the metagenome of Laminaria digitata (Ochrophyta) in which decay was induced. Subsequent sequencing of a fosmid clone insert revealed the presence of a gene encoding a bifunctional phosphomannomutase/phosphoglucomutase (PMM/PGM) enzyme 10L6AlgC, closely related to a protein from the halophilic marine bacterium, Cobetia sp. 10L6AlgC was subsequently heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli and biochemically characterized. The enzyme was found to possess both PMM and PGM activity, which had temperature and pH optima of 45°C and 8.0, respectively; for both activities. The PMM activity had a Km of 2.229 mM and Vmax of 29.35 mM min−1 mg−1, while the PGM activity had a Km of 0.5314 mM and a Vmax of 644.7 mM min−1 mg−1. Overall characterization of the enzyme including the above parameters as well as the influence of various divalent cations on these activities revealed that 10L6AlgC has a unique biochemical profile when compared to previously characterized PMM/PGM bifunctional enzymes. Thus 10L6AlgC may find utility in enzyme-based production of biochemicals with different potential industrial applications, in which other bacterial PMM/PGMs have previously been used such as in the production of low-calorie sweeteners in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A. Jackson
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Maohang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Pengyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Maureen W. Ihua
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Dagmar B. Stengel
- Botany and Plant Science, School of Natural Sciences, Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Delin Duan
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Delin Duan,
| | - Alan D. W. Dobson
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Alan D. W. Dobson,
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Laminarin Attenuates ROS-Mediated Cell Migration and Invasiveness through Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091714. [PMID: 36139787 PMCID: PMC9495390 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a notoriously aggressive type of cancer with a high metastasis rate. It is conventionally treated by surgical resection and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However, continuous chemotherapy leads to relapse in most PDAC patients due to chemical resistance. Therefore, novel anticancer agents need to be identified and developed. The antitumor activities of laminarin extracted from brown algae against hepatocarcinoma, lung, and colon cancer have been established. However, its effects on pancreatic cancer have remained obscure. Purpose: Our study identified the anticancer effects of laminarin on pancreatic cancer cells and tried to explain its intracellular mechanisms. Methods: We assessed the cell viability of PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells using MTT assay. Hanging drop method was used for the spheroid formation. Flow cytometry was conducted to evaluate the several intracellular alterations including apoptosis, ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and calcium concentration induced by laminarin. An invasion test was performed to assess the inhibitory effect of laminarin on cell migration and the invasive genes were evaluated by RT-qPCR. Signaling pathway related with anticancer effects of laminarin was analyzed by western blot. Results: We report that inhibiting laminarin increased the proliferation and viability of the representative pancreatic cancer cell lines, MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1. Laminarin triggered apoptosis and mitochondrial impairment as evidenced by depolarized mitochondrial membranes, disrupted calcium, and suppressed cell migration caused by reactive oxygen species production and related intracellular signaling pathways. Moreover, laminarin showed synergistic effects when combined with 5-FU, a standard anticancer agent for PDAC. Conclusion: The present study is the first to report that laminarin exerts anticancer effect through ROS production in pancreatic cancer cells. Laminarin shows potential to serve as a new anticancer agent for treating PDAC.
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Rahiminejad S, Maurya MR, Mukund K, Subramaniam S. Modular and mechanistic changes across stages of colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:436. [PMID: 35448980 PMCID: PMC9022252 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09479-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While mechanisms contributing to the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) are well studied, cancer stage-specific mechanisms have been less comprehensively explored. This is the focus of this manuscript. METHODS Using previously published data for CRC (Gene Expression Omnibus ID GSE21510), we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across four stages of the disease. We then generated unweighted and weighted correlation networks for each of the stages. Communities within these networks were detected using the Louvain algorithm and topologically and functionally compared across stages using the normalized mutual information (NMI) metric and pathway enrichment analysis, respectively. We also used Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) algorithm to detect potential biomarkers having a role in CRC. RESULTS Sixteen Thousand Sixty Two DEGs were identified between various stages (p-value ≤ 0.05). Comparing communities of different stages revealed that neighboring stages were more similar to each other than non-neighboring stages, at both topological and functional levels. A functional analysis of 24 cancer-related pathways indicated that several signaling pathways were enriched across all stages. However, the stage-unique networks were distinctly enriched only for a subset of these 24 pathways (e.g., MAPK signaling pathway in stages I-III and Notch signaling pathway in stages III and IV). We identified potential biomarkers, including HOXB8 and WNT2 with increasing, and MTUS1 and SFRP2 with decreasing trends from stages I to IV. Extracting subnetworks of 10 cancer-relevant genes and their interacting first neighbors (162 genes in total) revealed that the connectivity patterns for these genes were different across stages. For example, BRAF and CDK4, members of the Ser/Thr kinase, up-regulated in cancer, displayed changing connectivity patterns from stages I to IV. CONCLUSIONS Here, we report molecular and modular networks for various stages of CRC, providing a pseudo-temporal view of the mechanistic changes associated with the disease. Our analysis highlighted similarities at both functional and topological levels, across stages. We further identified stage-specific mechanisms and biomarkers potentially contributing to the progression of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rahiminejad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mano R Maurya
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kavitha Mukund
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Abstract
Cancer remains a major life-threatening disease worldwide. The development of anticancer drugs using natural products obtained from marine organisms has been proposed as an alternative approach. Seaweeds are the mainstay of marine ecosystems; therefore, they are highly enriched with diverse bioactive compounds. In the past decade, a vast number of natural compounds, such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, carotenoids, and terpenoids, have been isolated from seaweeds. Seaweeds have bioactive compounds that show cytotoxicity in various cancer cell lines. These compounds prevent tumor growth by inducing apoptotic cell death and arrest growth by interfering with different kinases and cell cycle pathways. This review discussed the anticancer properties of various bioactive compounds isolated from different types of seaweeds and their therapeutic potential against cancers.
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Sohn SI, Rathinapriya P, Balaji S, Jaya Balan D, Swetha TK, Durgadevi R, Alagulakshmi S, Singaraj P, Pandian S. Phytosterols in Seaweeds: An Overview on Biosynthesis to Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12691. [PMID: 34884496 PMCID: PMC8657749 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweed extracts are considered effective therapeutic alternatives to synthetic anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agents, owing to their availability, low cost, greater efficacy, eco-friendliness, and non-toxic nature. Since the bioactive constituents of seaweed, in particular, phytosterols, possess plenty of medicinal benefits over other conventional pharmaceutical agents, they have been extensively evaluated for many years. Fortunately, recent advances in phytosterol-based research have begun to unravel the evidence concerning these important processes and to endow the field with the understanding and identification of the potential contributions of seaweed-steroidal molecules that can be used as chemotherapeutic drugs. Despite the myriad of research interests in phytosterols, there is an immense need to fill the void with an up-to-date literature survey elucidating their biosynthesis, pharmacological effects, and other biomedical applications. Hence, in the present review, we summarize studies dealing with several types of seaweed to provide a comprehensive overview of the structural determination of several phytosterol molecules, their properties, biosynthetic pathways, and mechanisms of action, along with their health benefits, which could significantly contribute to the development of novel drugs and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-In Sohn
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea
| | - Periyasamy Rathinapriya
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.R.); (D.J.B.); (T.K.S.); (R.D.); (S.A.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Vidhyaa Giri College of Arts and Science, Karaikudi 630 003, India
| | - Sekaran Balaji
- Independent Researcher, Madurai 625 020, India; (S.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Devasahayam Jaya Balan
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.R.); (D.J.B.); (T.K.S.); (R.D.); (S.A.)
| | | | - Ravindran Durgadevi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.R.); (D.J.B.); (T.K.S.); (R.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Selvaraj Alagulakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.R.); (D.J.B.); (T.K.S.); (R.D.); (S.A.)
| | | | - Subramani Pandian
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea
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Chen J, Yang J, Du H, Aslam M, Wang W, Chen W, Li T, Liu Z, Liu X. Laminarin, a Major Polysaccharide in Stramenopiles. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:576. [PMID: 34677475 PMCID: PMC8541152 DOI: 10.3390/md19100576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
During the processes of primary and secondary endosymbiosis, different microalgae evolved to synthesis different storage polysaccharides. In stramenopiles, the main storage polysaccharides are β-1,3-glucan, or laminarin, in vacuoles. Currently, laminarin is gaining considerable attention due to its application in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals industries, and also its importance in global biogeochemical cycles (especially in the ocean carbon cycle). In this review, the structures, composition, contents, and bioactivity of laminarin were summarized in different algae. It was shown that the general features of laminarin are species-dependence. Furthermore, the proposed biosynthesis and catabolism pathways of laminarin, functions of key genes, and diel regulation of laminarin were also depicted and comprehensively discussed for the first time. However, the complete pathways, functions of genes, and diel regulatory mechanisms of laminarin require more biomolecular studies. This review provides more useful information and identifies the knowledge gap regarding the future studies of laminarin and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jianchao Yang
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China;
| | - Hong Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Muhmmad Aslam
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Wanna Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Weizhou Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Tangcheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhengyi Liu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
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Integrated Network Pharmacology Analysis and In Vitro Validation Revealed the Potential Active Components and Underlying Mechanistic Pathways of Herba Patriniae in Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196032. [PMID: 34641576 PMCID: PMC8513027 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Herba Patriniae (HP) are medicinal plants commonly used in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. In this study, network pharmacology was used to predict the active components and key signaling pathways of HP in CRC. Patrinia heterophylla, one type of HP, was chosen for validation of the network pharmacology analysis. The phytochemical profile of Patrinia heterophylla water extract (PHW) was determined by UHPLC-MS. MTT, RT-PCR, and Western blot assays were performed to evaluate the bioactivities of PHW in colon cancer cells. Results showed that 15 potentially active components of HP interacted with 28 putative targets of CRC in the compound–target network, of which asperglaucide had the highest degree. Furthermore, the ErbB signaling pathway was identified as the pathway mediated by HP with the most potential against CRC. Both RT-PCR and Western blot results showed that PHW significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of EGFR, PI3K, and AKT in HCT116 cells. Asperglaucide, present in PHW, exhibited an anti-migratory effect in HCT116 cells, suggesting that it could be an active component of PHW in CRC treatment. In conclusion, this study has provided the first scientific evidence to support the use of PHW in CRC and paved the way for further research into the underlying mechanisms of PHW against CRC.
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Zhang S, Liu S, Liu X, Liu J, Wu W. Identification of JAK2 and FOXM1 expression as novel candidate biomarkers for predicting the benefit of immunotherapy in lung squamous cell carcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1081. [PMID: 34422993 PMCID: PMC8339858 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) accounts for about 30% of all non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). However, only a small percentage of LUSC patients gain benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods This study analyzed LUSC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), which were divided into 2 groups: PD-L1 high-expression/TMB-high (TPH) and PD-L1 low-expression/TMB-low (TPL) group based on programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB) status. The differences in tumor-infiltrating immune cells were estimated between the 2 groups. The overlap of differentially expressed genes and proteins (DEGs and DEPs) between 2 groups were used as candidate biomarkers. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to evaluate the association between risk score and overall survival (OS). Results More abundant immune infiltration fractions were found in TPH group. Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) were identified as DEGs between the TPH and TPL groups. Subsequently, we developed a risk score that combined the expression of JAK2 and FOXM1 in an effort to accurately determine the survival risk of LUSC patients. Patients with high-risk [hazard ratio (HR), median OS, 43.1 months 1.924; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.256 to 2.945; P=0.002) had shorter survival than those with low-risk (median OS, 70.0 months). External data verification found that JAK2 and FOXM1 were significantly expressed at a higher level in the responders receiving immunotherapy (P=0.038 and P=0.009, respectively). Conclusions The expressions of JAK2 and FOXM1 can be used as novel candidate biomarkers for predicting the benefit of immunotherapy in LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Xie J, Deng Z, Alahdal M, Liu J, Zhao Z, Chen X, Wang G, Hu X, Duan L, Wang D, Li W. Screening and verification of hub genes involved in osteoarthritis using bioinformatics. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:330. [PMID: 33732303 PMCID: PMC7903481 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of disability and its development is associated with numerous factors. A major challenge in the treatment of OA is the lack of early diagnosis. In the present study, a bioinformatics method was employed to filter key genes that may be responsible for the pathogenesis of OA. From the Gene Expression Omnibus database, the datasets GSE55457, GSE12021 and GSE55325 were downloaded, which comprised 59 samples. Of these, 30 samples were from patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis and 29 were normal. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by downloading and analyzing the original data using bioinformatics. The Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were analyzed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery online database. Protein-protein interaction network analysis was performed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/proteins online database. BSCL2 lipid droplet biogenesis associated, seipin, FOS-like 2, activator protein-1 transcription factor subunit (FOSL2), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) and kinectin 1 (KTN1) genes were identified as key genes by using Cytoscape software. Functional enrichment revealed that the DEGs were mainly accumulated in the ErbB, MAPK and PI3K-Akt pathways. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis confirmed a significant reduction in the expression levels of FOSL2, CDKN1A and KTN1 in OA samples. These genes have the potential to become novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiong Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,University of South China, School of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqin Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Murad Alahdal
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Jianquan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotian Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Li Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Daping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China.,University of South China, School of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Wencui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
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Cytotoxicity of Seaweed Compounds, Alone or Combined to Reference Drugs, against Breast Cell Lines Cultured in 2D and 3D. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9020024. [PMID: 33572635 PMCID: PMC7912033 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Seaweed bioactive compounds have shown anticancer activities in in vitro and in vivo studies. However, tests remain limited, with conflicting results, and effects in combination with anticancer drugs are even scarcer. Here, the cytotoxic effects of five seaweed compounds (astaxanthin, fucoidan, fucosterol, laminarin, and phloroglucinol) were tested alone and in combination with anticancer drugs (cisplatin-Cis; and doxorubicin-Dox), in breast cell lines (three breast cancer (BC) subtypes and one non-tumoral). The combinations revealed situations where seaweed compounds presented potentiation or inhibition of the drugs' cytotoxicity, without a specific pattern, varying according to the cell line, concentration used for the combination, and drug. Fucosterol was the most promising compound, since: (i) it alone had the highest cytotoxicity at low concentrations against the BC lines without affecting the non-tumoral line; and (ii) in combination (at non-cytotoxic concentration), it potentiated Dox cytotoxicity in the triple-negative BC cell line. Using a comparative approach, monolayer versus 3D cultures, further investigation assessed effects on cell viability and proliferation, morphology, and immunocytochemistry targets. The cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects in monolayer were not observed in 3D, corroborating that cells in 3D culture are more resistant to treatments, and reinforcing the use of more complex models for drug screening and a multi-approach that should include histological and ICC analysis.
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Abd-Elazeem OM, Osman NA, El-Shenawy NS. Bioactive Compounds of Seaweeds and Their Effects on Certain Types of Cancer. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 8:112-119. [DOI: 10.34172/ajmb.2020.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is considered as one of the major health problems worldwide. So far, no completely effective method has been found for cancer treatment. Therefore, the rise of using natural products has been proposed as an alternative therapy in this regard. For many years, the seaweed has been a source of many functional bioactive compounds including polysaccharides, polyphenols, pigments, terpenes, and many others. These compounds have shown many bioactivities including anticancer activity against different kinds of cancer. Bioactive compounds obtained from the seaweed have been demonstrated to cause apoptosis in cancer cells and trigger cell cycle arrest with low cytotoxicity against normal cells. In this review, it was attempted to shed light on the anticancer activity of some seaweed-derived bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nehal A.H.k. Osman
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Nahla S. El-Shenawy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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22
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Pradhan B, Nayak R, Patra S, Jit BP, Ragusa A, Jena M. Bioactive Metabolites from Marine Algae as Potent Pharmacophores against Oxidative Stress-Associated Human Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2020; 26:E37. [PMID: 33374738 PMCID: PMC7793479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to cancer and diabetes, inflammatory and ROS-related diseases represent one of the major health problems worldwide. Currently, several synthetic drugs are used to reduce oxidative stress; nevertheless, these approaches often have side effects. Therefore, to overcome these issues, the search for alternative therapies has gained importance in recent times. Natural bioactive compounds have represented, and they still do, an important source of drugs with high therapeutic efficacy. In the ''synthetic'' era, terrestrial and aquatic photosynthetic organisms have been shown to be an essential source of natural compounds, some of which might play a leading role in pharmaceutical drug development. Marine organisms constitute nearly half of the worldwide biodiversity. In the marine environment, algae, seaweeds, and seagrasses are the first reported sources of marine natural products for discovering novel pharmacophores. The algal bioactive compounds are a potential source of novel antioxidant and anticancer (through modulation of the cell cycle, metastasis, and apoptosis) compounds. Secondary metabolites in marine Algae, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins, could have great therapeutic implications against several diseases. In this context, this review focuses on the diversity of functional compounds extracted from algae and their potential beneficial effects in fighting cancer, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajita Pradhan
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Brahmapur 760007, India; (B.P.); (R.N.)
| | - Rabindra Nayak
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Brahmapur 760007, India; (B.P.); (R.N.)
| | - Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769001, India;
| | - Bimal Prasad Jit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110023, India;
| | - Andrea Ragusa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- CNR-Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Brahmapur 760007, India; (B.P.); (R.N.)
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Malyarenko OS, Usoltseva RV, Silchenko AS, Ermakova SP. Aminated laminaran from brown alga Saccharina cichorioides: Synthesis, structure, anticancer, and radiosensitizing potential in vitro. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:117007. [PMID: 33049875 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Laminarans are currently the focus of attention in regard to the selection of prospective agents for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Laminaran from Saccharina cichorioides was aminated to heighten anticancer and radiosensitizing activities and elucidate its molecular mode of action. Aminated laminaran, ScLNH2, was identified as 1,3-β-d-glucan with -CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-NH2 group at the C6 of branches. ScLNH2 selectively inhibited the viability and colony formation in the MDA-MB-231 cell line of triple negative breast cancer cells. ScLNH2 possessed synergism with radiation, resulting in a decreased number of colonies of MDA-MB-231 cells. The mechanism underling the radiosensitizing effect of ScLNH2 was associated with apoptosis induction via regulation of caspases 9 and 3 and PARP enzyme, preventing the repair of DNA damage in irradiated cells. These findings confirmed that combination therapy by aminated laminaran and radiation might play a role in the optimization of therapy for an aggressive form of human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya S Malyarenko
- Laboratory of Enzyme Chemistry, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Roza V Usoltseva
- Laboratory of Enzyme Chemistry, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Artem S Silchenko
- Laboratory of Enzyme Chemistry, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Svetlana P Ermakova
- Laboratory of Enzyme Chemistry, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
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Singh RP, Bhaiyya R, Khandare K, Tingirikari JMR. Macroalgal dietary glycans: potential source for human gut bacteria and enhancing immune system for better health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:1674-1695. [PMID: 33190530 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1845605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae are the diverse group of photosynthetic algae found at the intertidal regions of oceans. Recent advances suggest that macroalgal derived glycans have tremendous potential to maintain gut microbiome and immune system. The human gut bacteria harbor unique arsenals for utilizing a variety of macroalgal glycans, and produce a variety of oligosaccharides in vivo. Those oligosaccharides interact with immune cell receptors, and also are available for microbial fermentation, thus play magnificent roles in balancing the gut homeostasis. However, this area of research is still in infancy condition in term to understand their molecular interactions. For wooing this area, we urge to emphasize more studies on mechanistic level sympathetic of depolymerizing marine dietary glycans by gut bacteria and elucidating molecular aspect of glycans to cell receptors interactions. This will invent new nutraceutical strategies to purposefully manipulate the microbial composition to improve health. Therefore, review focuses on the recent development of mechanistic understanding of human gut bacterial communities for utilizing macroalgal derived glycans. Recent trends of application of glycans in modulating immune system at mechanistic level and their available evidences are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Pal Singh
- Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Punjab, India
| | - Raja Bhaiyya
- Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Punjab, India
| | - Kiran Khandare
- Food and Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Punjab, India
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Usoltseva RV, Belik AA, Kusaykin MI, Malyarenko OS, Zvyagintsevа TN, Ermakova SP. Laminarans and 1,3-β-D-glucanases. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1010-1025. [PMID: 32663561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The laminarans are biologically active water-soluble polysaccharide (1,3;1,6-β-D-glucans) of brown algae. These polysaccharides are an attractive object for research due to its relatively simple structure, low toxicity, and various biological effects. 1,3-β-D-glucanases are an effective tool for studying the structure of laminarans, and can also be used to obtain new biologically active derivatives. This review is to outline what is currently known about laminarans and enzymes that catalyze of their transformation. We focused on information about sources, structure and properties of laminarans and 1,3-β-D-glucanases, methods of obtaining and structural elucidation of laminarans, and biological activity of laminarans and products of their enzymatic transformation. It has an increased focus on the immunomodulating and anticancer activity of laminarans and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza V Usoltseva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Aleksei A Belik
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail I Kusaykin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Olesya S Malyarenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Tatiana N Zvyagintsevа
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Svetlana P Ermakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation
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Mondal A, Bose S, Banerjee S, Patra JK, Malik J, Mandal SK, Kilpatrick KL, Das G, Kerry RG, Fimognari C, Bishayee A. Marine Cyanobacteria and Microalgae Metabolites-A Rich Source of Potential Anticancer Drugs. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E476. [PMID: 32961827 PMCID: PMC7551136 DOI: 10.3390/md18090476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is at present one of the utmost deadly diseases worldwide. Past efforts in cancer research have focused on natural medicinal products. Over the past decades, a great deal of initiatives was invested towards isolating and identifying new marine metabolites via pharmaceutical companies, and research institutions in general. Secondary marine metabolites are looked at as a favorable source of potentially new pharmaceutically active compounds, having a vast structural diversity and diverse biological activities; therefore, this is an astonishing source of potentially new anticancer therapy. This review contains an extensive critical discussion on the potential of marine microbial compounds and marine microalgae metabolites as anticancer drugs, highlighting their chemical structure and exploring the underlying mechanisms of action. Current limitation, challenges, and future research pathways were also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Technology, Dubrajpur 731 123, West Bengal, India
| | - Sankhadip Bose
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Bengal School of Technology, Chuchura 712 102, West Bengal, India;
| | - Sabyasachi Banerjee
- Department of Phytochemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol 713 301, West Bengal, India;
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si 10326, Korea; (J.K.P.); (G.D.)
| | - Jai Malik
- Centre of Advanced Study, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Punjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, Punjab, India;
| | - Sudip Kumar Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur 713 206, West Bengal, India;
| | | | - Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si 10326, Korea; (J.K.P.); (G.D.)
| | - Rout George Kerry
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751 004, Odisha, India;
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
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Abstract
Laminarin, a β-(1,3)-glucan from the seaweed Laminaria digitata, is a polysaccharide which provides anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. Its influence on both human dermal fibroblasts adult (HDFa) and normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) has not been established yet. Herein, laminarin effects were examined on skin cells’ mitochondrial and antioxidant activities. Cytokines, hyaluronic acid, and procollagen type I secretions and interaction mechanisms were explored after a maximum of 72 h treatment with laminarin. Our results demonstrated a decrease in mitochondrial activities with 72 h treatment with laminarin from 500 µg.mL−1 for NHEK cells and from 100 µg.mL−1 for HDFa cells without cytotoxicity. No variation of hyaluronic acid or type I procollagen was observed for all laminarin concentrations, while an antioxidant effect was found against reactive oxygen species (ROS) from 1 µg.mL−1 for HDFa cells in both H2O2 and UVA radiation conditions, and from 10 µg.mL−1 and 1 µg.mL−1 for NHEK cells in both H2O2 and UVA radiation conditions, respectively. Laminarin treatment modulated both cells surface glycosylation and cytokine secretions of skin cells. Overall, our data suggest a positive effect of β-(1,3)-glucan on skin cells on oxidative stress and inflammation induced by environmental factors. Of note, these effects are through the modulation of glycan and receptors interactions at the skin cells surface.
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Castanheira EJ, Correia TR, Rodrigues JMM, Mano JF. Novel Biodegradable Laminarin Microparticles for Biomedical Applications. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edgar J. Castanheira
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tiago R. Correia
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João M. M. Rodrigues
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Tian L, Li CM, Li YF, Huang TM, Chao NX, Luo GR, Mo FR. Laminarin from Seaweed ( Laminaria japonica) Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Upregulating Senescence Marker Protein-30. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:277-283. [PMID: 32159381 PMCID: PMC7247046 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed at investigating the specific roles of laminarin from seaweed (Laminaria japonica) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its potential mechanisms related to senescence marker protein-30 (SMP-30). Materials and Methods: Human HCC cell lines, including Bel-7404 and HepG2, were incubated with different concentrations of laminarin (0, 5, 15, 25, 35, and 45 mg/mL). The cell viability and apoptosis rates were detected by WST-8 cell proliferation assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Hepa 1–6 tumor-bearing mice were injected with different concentrations of laminarin (400, 800, and 1200 mg/kg·d), and tumor volume and weight were measured. The expression of SMP-30 was detected in laminarin-treated Bel-7404 and HepG2 HCC cells and LO2 normal liver cells by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results: The treatment with laminarin (48 h) significantly decreased the viability and increased the apoptosis rates of Bel-7404 and HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The injection of laminarin also significantly decreased the tumor volumes (beginning on the 10th day) and tumor weights (30 d post-injection) of mice in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the treatment with laminarin (35 mg/mL for 48 h) significantly upregulated SMP-30 in Bel-7404 and HepG2 cells but not in LO2 cells. Conclusion: Laminarin inhibited the proliferation of Bel-7404 and HepG2 cells and inhibited the growth of tumors in Hepa 1–6 tumor-bearing mice by upregulating SMP-30.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tian
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Science and Technology College, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Chun-Mei Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yan-Fei Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tian-Ming Huang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Nai-Xia Chao
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guo-Rong Luo
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Human Development and Disease Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fa-Rong Mo
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Human Development and Disease Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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30
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Kim JH, Lee JO, Moon JW, Kang MJ, Byun WS, Han JA, Kim SJ, Park SH, Kim HS. Laminarin From Salicornia herbacea Stimulates Glucose Uptake Through AMPK-p38 MAPK Pathways in L6 Muscle Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20901409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminarin is a component of brown seaweed, especially isolated from Salicornia herbacea. Laminarin was known to have various physiological functions, however, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we report that laminarin stimulates an activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and increases glucose uptake in rat L6 myotubes. Laminarin also increases an intracellular calcium release. Inhibition of Ca2+ release, using with CaMKK inhibitor, STO-609, blocked laminarin-induced AMPK activity, indicating that laminarin stimulated AMPK activity via calcium. In addition, laminarin activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways depending on AMPK activity. Moreover, the inhibition of either AMPK or p38 MAPK blocked laminarin-induced glucose uptake in rat L6 myotubes. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effect of laminarin is caused by its ability to activate AMPK-p38 MAPK pathways in skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji H. Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung O. Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji W. Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min J. Kang
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won S. Byun
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong A. Han
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su J. Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun H. Park
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon S. Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jönsson M, Allahgholi L, Sardari RR, Hreggviðsson GO, Nordberg Karlsson E. Extraction and Modification of Macroalgal Polysaccharides for Current and Next-Generation Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E930. [PMID: 32093097 PMCID: PMC7070867 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine macroalgal (seaweed) polysaccharides are highly promising for next-generation applications in several industries. However, despite the reported comprehensive potential of these polysaccharides, commercial products are scarce on the market. Seaweed cultivations are increasing in number and production quantity, owing to an elevated global trend of utilization interest in seaweed. The extraction of polysaccharides from seaweed generally generates low yields, but novel methods are being developed to facilitate and improve the extraction processes. Current areas of applications for seaweed polysaccharides mainly take advantage of the physicochemical properties of certain polysaccharides, such as gelling, thickening and emulsifying. However, many of the numerous bioactivities reported are still only at research level and lack clinical evidence for commercialization. It has been suggested the construction of smaller units may generate better defined molecules that are more suitable for biomedical applications. Enzymatic modification is a promising tool for the generation of more defined, targeted biomolecules. This review covers; structural differences between the most predominant marine algal polysaccharides, extraction processes, modification alternatives, as well as a summary of current and potential next-generation application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Jönsson
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (M.J.); (L.A.)
| | - Leila Allahgholi
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (M.J.); (L.A.)
| | - Roya R.R. Sardari
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (M.J.); (L.A.)
| | - Guðmundur O. Hreggviðsson
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Askja, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland;
- Matis Ohf, Vinlandsleid 12, IS-113 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eva Nordberg Karlsson
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (M.J.); (L.A.)
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Bioactive compounds in seaweeds: An overview of their biological properties and safety. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 135:111013. [PMID: 31794803 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds are among the significant currently exploited marine plant resources which are gaining full applications in culinary, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and biotechnological processes. Much attention has been devoted to seaweeds based on their proven health benefits and is considered as a rich source of structurally different bioactive metabolites for the discovery of novel functional food-based pharmacophores/drugs. Nonetheless, there is still a dearth of updated compilation and analysis of the in-depth pharmacological activities of these compounds. This review, therefore, aims to provide a piece of up-to-date detailed information on the major compounds isolated from various seaweed species together with their in-vitro and in-vivo biological properties. These compounds were found to possess broad pharmacological properties and inhibitory enzyme activities against critical enzymes involved in the aetiology of noncommunicable diseases. However, their toxicity, clinical efficacy, mechanisms of action, and interaction with conventional foods, are still less explored and require more attention in future studies.
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Sajadimajd S, Momtaz S, Haratipour P, El-Senduny FF, Panah AI, Navabi J, Soheilikhah Z, Farzaei MH, Rahimi R. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Cancer Preventive and Therapeutic Potential of Algal Polysaccharides. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1210-1235. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190425155126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Algal polysaccharide and oligosaccharide derivatives have been shown to possess a
variety of therapeutic potentials and drug delivery applications. Algal polysaccharides contain sulfated sugar
monomers derived from seaweed including brown, red, and green microalgae. Here, in this review, the recent
progress of algal polysaccharides’ therapeutic applications as anticancer agents, as well as underlying cellular and
molecular mechanisms was investigated. Moreover, recent progress in the structural chemistry of important polysaccharides
with anticancer activities were illustrated.
Methods:
Electronic databases including “Scopus”, “PubMed”, and “Cochrane library” were searched using the
keywords “cancer”, or “tumor”, or “malignancy” in title/abstract, along with “algae”, or “algal” in the whole text
until July 2018. Only English language papers were included.
Results:
The most common polysaccharides involved in cancer management were sulfated polysaccharides, Fucoidans,
Carageenans, and Ulvan from different species of algae that have been recognized in vitro and in vivo.
The underlying anticancer mechanisms of algal polysaccharides included induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest,
modulation of transduction signaling pathways, suppression of migration and angiogenesis, as well as activation
of immune responses and antioxidant system. VEGF/VEGFR2, TGFR/Smad/Snail, TLR4/ROS/ER, CXCL12/
CXCR4, TGFR/Smad7/Smurf2, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, PBK/TOPK, and β-catenin/Wnt are among the main cellular
signaling pathways which have a key role in the preventive and therapeutic effects of algal polysaccharides
against oncogenesis.
Conclusion:
Algal polysaccharides play a crucial role in the management of cancer and may be considered the
next frontier in pharmaceutical research. Further well-designed clinical trials are mandatory to evaluate the efficacy
and safety of algal polysaccharides in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Pouya Haratipour
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardous F. El-Senduny
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Amin Iran Panah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jafar Navabi
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zhaleh Soheilikhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416663361, Iran
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Associations among dietary seaweed intake, c-MYC rs6983267 polymorphism, and risk of colorectal cancer in a Korean population: a case-control study. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1963-1974. [PMID: 31300834 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02046-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effects of seaweed compounds have been studied in relation to colorectal cancer (CRC) based on their ability to modulate carcinogen metabolism in vivo and in vitro. However, no epidemiological studies on the interaction between edible seaweed and genetic variants relevant to CRC have been reported. This study examined the associations among dietary seaweed intake (gim, miyeok, and dashima), single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs6983267, rs7014346, and rs719725), and CRC risk in a Korean population. METHODS The participants comprised 923 CRC patients and 1846 controls who visited the National Cancer Center Korea. We used a Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire and genotyped SNPs using genomic DNA samples. RESULTS The intake of total seaweed, miyeok, and dashima showed a significant inverse association with CRC risk after adjusting for potential confounding factors (total seaweed odds ratio (OR) [95% CI] = 0.65 [0.50-0.85], P for trend < 0.001; miyeok = 0.82 [0.62-1.09], P for trend < 0.05; dashima = 0.58 [0.44-0.76], P for trend < 0.001, highest vs. lowest tertile). We confirmed that the homozygous T/T allele of rs6983267 c-MYC indicated an interaction between dietary seaweed intake and both overall CRC and rectal cancer (CRC OR [95% CI] = 0.52 [0.34-0.81], P for interaction = 0.015; rectal cancer = 0.45 [0.25-0.79], P for interaction = 0.007, T/T carriers with high total seaweed intake vs. T/T carriers with low total seaweed intake). CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of the effect of dietary seaweed intake on CRC risk with respect to c-MYC gene variants.
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Han H, Wang L, Liu Y, Shi X, Zhang X, Li M, Wang T. Combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp inhibits growth and metastasis of liver cancer in vivo and in vitro via reducing endogenous H 2S levels. Food Funct 2019; 10:224-234. [PMID: 30534696 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01594e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The combination of traditional Chinese medicines can improve the efficacy of cancer treatment. Furthermore, the combination of the traditional Chinese medicine curcuma zedoary and kelp was used to enhance the effect of the dissipation of blood stasis in pediatrics during the Song Dynasty. Curcumenol and laminarin, the main components of curcuma zedoary and kelp, are also reported to have a wide range of biological activities. Therefore, we hypothesize that the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp may prevent the development of cancer. The aim of this research was to confirm whether a combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of hepatoma cells and consequently improve prognosis. In this study, we firstly found in H22-bearing mice that the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp inhibited tumor growth and the expression of metastasis-related proteins (MMPs, VEGF, pAkt, pERK1/2). Meanwhile, the decreased cystathionine beta synthase (CBS, an endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) synthetase) level was also observed in H22-bearing mice admistrated with the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp. It was also observed that the combination of curcumenol and laminarin inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Furthermore, we investigated the potential inhibiting mechanism of the combination of curcumenol and laminarin on HepG2 cell proliferation and metastasis. Our previous research showed that a CBS/H2S system was vital for maintaining the proliferation in hepatoma cells. Here, we found that the levels of pSTAT3 and BCL-2 were decreased in CBS knockdown HepG2 cells and the combination of curcumenol and laminarin significantly decreased the H2S level in a dose-dependent manner and down-regulated the levels of pSTAT3 and BCL-2 in HepG2 cells. Angiogenesis, positively regulated by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is essential for human cancer metastasis. In the present study, we found that the combination of curcumenol and laminarin could significantly down-regulate the expression levels of VEGF and its downstream key genes pAkt and pERK1/2. Furthermore, previous research showed that hydrogen sulfide could stimulate angiogenesis. Here, we also observed the reduction of the VEGF, Akt, pAkt, ERK1/2 and pERK1/2 proteins levels and the inhibition of proliferation and metastasis in CBS knockdown HepG2 cells. Moreover, exogenous H2S rescued the cytological results caused by the combination of curcumenol and laminarin. Taken together, the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of liver cancer cells in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting endogenous H2S production and down-regulating the pSTAT3/BCL-2 and VEGF pathway, which provides strong evidence for the application of curcuma zedoary and kelp in treatments of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxiao Han
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 Henan, China.
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Ercolano G, De Cicco P, Ianaro A. New Drugs from the Sea: Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Sponges and Algae Derived Compounds. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E31. [PMID: 30621025 PMCID: PMC6356258 DOI: 10.3390/md17010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds derived from marine organisms exhibit a wide variety of biological activities. Over the last decades, a great interest has been focused on the anti-tumour role of sponges and algae that constitute the major source of these bioactive metabolites. A substantial number of chemically different structures from different species have demonstrated inhibition of tumour growth and progression by inducing apoptosis in several types of human cancer. The molecular mechanisms by which marine natural products activate apoptosis mainly include (1) a dysregulation of the mitochondrial pathway; (2) the activation of caspases; and/or (3) increase of death signals through transmembrane death receptors. This great variety of mechanisms of action may help to overcome the multitude of resistances exhibited by different tumour specimens. Therefore, products from marine organisms and their synthetic derivates might represent promising sources for new anticancer drugs, both as single agents or as co-adjuvants with other chemotherapeutics. This review will focus on some selected bioactive molecules from sponges and algae with pro-apoptotic potential in tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Ercolano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Paola De Cicco
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Angela Ianaro
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential of natural bioactive compounds from seaweeds. BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-817901-7.00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Marine Polysaccharides: Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Applications. SPRINGER SERIES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8855-2_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Alves C, Silva J, Pinteus S, Gaspar H, Alpoim MC, Botana LM, Pedrosa R. From Marine Origin to Therapeutics: The Antitumor Potential of Marine Algae-Derived Compounds. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:777. [PMID: 30127738 PMCID: PMC6089330 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine environment has demonstrated to be an interesting source of compounds with uncommon and unique chemical features on which the molecular modeling and chemical synthesis of new drugs can be based with greater efficacy and specificity for the therapeutics. Cancer is a growing public health threat, and despite the advances in biomedical research and technology, there is an urgent need for the development of new anticancer drugs. In this field, it is estimated that more than 60% of commercially available anticancer drugs are natural biomimetic inspired. Among the marine organisms, algae have revealed to be one of the major sources of new compounds of marine origin, including those exhibiting antitumor and cytotoxic potential. These compounds demonstrated ability to mediate specific inhibitory activities on a number of key cellular processes, including apoptosis pathways, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, in both in vitro and in vivo models, revealing their potential to be used as anticancer drugs. This review will focus on the bioactive molecules from algae with antitumor potential, from their origin to their potential uses, with special emphasis to the alga Sphaerococcus coronopifolius as a producer of cytotoxic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Alves
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal.,Biology Department, DoMar Doctoral Programme on Marine Science, Technology and Management, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Silva
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Susete Pinteus
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Helena Gaspar
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal.,Faculty of Sciences, BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria C Alpoim
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departament of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Rui Pedrosa
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
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40
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Usoltseva RV, Shevchenko NM, Malyarenko OS, Ishina IA, Ivannikova SI, Ermakova SP. Structure and anticancer activity of native and modified polysaccharides from brown alga Dictyota dichotoma. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 180:21-28. [PMID: 29103498 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The laminaran DdL and fucoidan DdF were obtained from the brown alga Dictyota dichotoma. DdF was a sulfated (28.9%) and acetylated heteropolysaccharide containing fucose, galactose, mannose and glucose (57.9, 20.4, 12.4 and 9.2mol%, respectively). DdL was a 1,3;1,6-β-d-glucan with the main chain built from 1,3-linked glucose residues and single glucose residue in branches at C6 (one branch on three glucose residues of the main chain). Sulfated (43.7%) laminaran DdLs was obtained from DdL by sulfation. It was determined that sulfates occur at C2, C4 and C6 of glucose residues. The anticancer effect of DdF, DdL, and DdLs (200μg/mL) was studied in vitro on colon cancer cells HCT-116, HT-29, and DLD-1. The effect of polysaccharides (40μg/mL) on colony formation of DLD-1 cancer cells after irradiation (4Gy) was investigated first. All polysaccharides showed a synergistic effect with X-ray irradiation against cancer cells, decreasing the amount and size of cancer cells colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza V Usoltseva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Enzyme Chemistry, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Natalia M Shevchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Enzyme Chemistry, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Olesya S Malyarenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Enzyme Chemistry, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Irina A Ishina
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Enzyme Chemistry, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana I Ivannikova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Enzyme Chemistry, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana P Ermakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Enzyme Chemistry, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
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Cholpraipimolrat W, Suriyo T, Rangkadilok N, Nookabkaew S, Satayavivad J. Hijiki and sodium arsenite stimulate growth of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells through ERK1/2 activation. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 110:33-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sanjeewa KKA, Lee JS, Kim WS, Jeon YJ. The potential of brown-algae polysaccharides for the development of anticancer agents: An update on anticancer effects reported for fucoidan and laminaran. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 177:451-459. [PMID: 28962791 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, attention to cancer-preventive treatments and studies on the development of anticancer drugs have sharply increased owing to the increase in cancer-related death rates in every region of the world. However, due to the adverse effects of synthetic drugs, much attention has been given to the development of anticancer drugs from natural sources because of fewer side effects of natural compounds than those of synthetic drugs. Recent studies on compounds and crude extracts from marine algae have shown promising anticancer properties. Among those compounds, polysaccharides extracted from brown seaweeds play a principal role as anticancer agents. Especially, a number of studies have revealed that polysaccharides isolated from brown seaweeds, such as fucoidan and laminaran, have promising effects against different cancer cell types in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we reviewed in vitro and in vivo anticancer properties reported for fucoidan and laminaran toward various cancer cells from 2013 to 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Asanka Sanjeewa
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Suck Lee
- Research Center for Industrial Development of Seafood, Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Suck Kim
- College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Kim IH, Kwon MJ, Jung JH, Nam TJ. Protein extracted from Porphyra yezoensis prevents cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by downregulating the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:511-520. [PMID: 29115386 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute renal failure is a serious complication of treatment with the anticancer drug cisplatin. Cisplatin exerts a cytotoxic effect on renal cells by inducing apoptosis through activating the tumor suppressor p53, nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) and mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK)/p38 pathways. Effects of protein extracts of the brown seaweed Porphyra yezoensis (P. yezoensis) on cytotoxicity, inflammation and cell proliferation have been reported; however, the effects of P. yezoensis protein (PYP) extract on cisplatin‑induced renal injury have remained elusive. The present study investigated the effects of PYP on cisplatin‑induced nephrotoxicity in the HK2 human proximal tubular epithelial cell line. PYP treatment reduced cisplatin‑induced apoptosis and death of HK2 cells by restoring the B‑cell lymphoma‑2 (Bcl‑2)‑associated X protein (Bax)/Bcl‑2 imbalance, cytochrome c release and caspase‑3 activation. In addition, PYP activated the redox‑sensitive transcription factor NF‑κB via stimulating the nuclear translocation of p65 in HK2 cells. PYP also restored renal antioxidant levels and increased the total and nuclear accumulation of NF erythroid 2‑related factor 2 in HK2 cells. PYP markedly attenuated cisplatin‑induced p38, MAPK and c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase phosphorylation. Furthermore, treatment with PYP ameliorated cisplatin‑induced renal cell damage by upregulating antioxidant defense mechanisms and downregulating the MAPK and NF‑κB signaling pathways. In addition, mice were divided into three treatment groups (control, cisplatin and PYP + cisplatin) and the effects of PYP were evaluated in a mouse model of cisplatin‑induced acute kidney injury. The concentrations of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine in the PYP + cisplatin group were lower than those in the cisplatin group. The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors interleukin‑6 (IL‑6), IL‑1β, tumor necrosis factor‑α and monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1 in the kidney tissues of the PYP + cisplatin group were also lower than those in the cisplatin group. These results suggest that PYP treatment had a preventive effect on nephrotoxicity, specifically by downregulating the MAPK and NF‑κB signaling pathways and the mRNA levels of inflammatory genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Hye Kim
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 46041, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Jung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Jeong Nam
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 46041, Republic of Korea
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Bonfim-Mendonça PDS, Capoci IRG, Tobaldini-Valerio FK, Negri M, Svidzinski TIE. Overview of β-Glucans from Laminaria spp.: Immunomodulation Properties and Applications on Biologic Models. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1629. [PMID: 28878139 PMCID: PMC5618472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucans are a group of glucose polymers that are found in bacteria, algae, fungi, and plants. While their properties are well known, their biochemical and solubility characteristics vary considerably, and glucans obtained from different sources can have different applications. Research has described the bioactivity of β-glucans extracted from the algae of the Laminaria genus, including in vivo and in vitro studies assessing pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, vaccine production, inhibition of cell proliferation, and anti- and pro-oxidant activity. Thus, the objective of this article was to review the potential application of β-glucans from Laminaria spp. in terms of their immunomodulatory properties, microorganism host interaction, anti-cancer activity and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia de Souza Bonfim-Mendonça
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Isis Regina Grenier Capoci
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Kelly Tobaldini-Valerio
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Melyssa Negri
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil.
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Kim IH, Kwon MJ, Nam TJ. Differences in cell death and cell cycle following fucoidan treatment in high-density HT-29 colon cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:4116-4122. [PMID: 28487956 PMCID: PMC5436236 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide present in marine brown seaweed, has been demonstrated to inhibit in vivo and in vitro growth of cells. The present study was conducted in HT-29 human colon cancer cells cultured at a high density, and examined the potential underlying mechanisms by which fucoidan exerts its anti-proliferative effects, which remain poorly understood. Fucoidan treatment of high-density HT-29 cells resulted in the inhibition of cell growth and increased apoptotic cell death. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that fucoidan treatment led to sub-G1 phase cell cycle arrest. This was associated with decreased protein expression levels of Retinoblastoma protein and E2 factor protein. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that fucoidan possesses anticancer activity against high density HT-29 cells by inhibiting cell growth and cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Hye Kim
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 46041, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Kwon
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 46041, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Jeong Nam
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 46041, Republic of Korea
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46
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Suganya AM, Sanjivkumar M, Chandran MN, Palavesam A, Immanuel G. Pharmacological importance of sulphated polysaccharide carrageenan from red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii in comparison with commercial carrageenan. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:1300-1312. [PMID: 27810787 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological properties of native carrageenan (κ) extracted from Kappaphycus alvarezii and commercial carrageenan (Sigma-Aldrich) were evaluated using in vitro antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic studies. Phytochemical analysis of native and commercial carrageenans showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, steroids, gums & mucilages and carbohydrate. Both native and commercial carrageenans exhibited better antioxidant activities such as total antioxidant capacity (87±0.47 and 82.6±0.47μg A.A/g), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (61.4±0.27 and 58.66±0.31μg/ml), nitric oxide radical scavenging activity (80.42±0.22 and 73.66±0.22μg/ml), DPPH radical scavenging activity (56.26±0.20 and 53.67±0.082μg/ml) and reducing power assay (46.57±0.32 and 42.54±0.27μg/ml) at the maximum concentration of 100μg/ml carrageenans. These results indicated that native carrageenan from K. alvarezii possessed better antioxidant potential in comparison with commercial carrageenan. Anticancer activities of both carrageenans showed excellent inhibition on the growth of breast, colon, liver and osteosarcoma cell lines at the maximum concentration of 150μg/ml. Native carrageenan exhibited an excellent anticancer activity on colon carcinoma cell lines (67.66±0.168%) with the IC50 value of 73.87μg/ml and commercial carrageenan possessed a potent inhibition on the growth of breast cancer cell lines (67.33±0.077%) with the IC50 value of 123.8μg/ml. These results clearly indicated the beneficial effect of native and commercial carrageenans as anticancer agents being a free radical scavenger. Anti-diabetic property of both carrageenans showed inhibition effect on α- glucosidase enzyme. The inhibitory effect depends on concentration of carrageenans and it was recorded that maximum (74.49±1.05 and 67.42±0.63) inhibitory effect of α- glucosidase enzyme at 500μg/ml concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muthusamy Sanjivkumar
- MNP laboratory, Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam-629502, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Manohar Navin Chandran
- Department of Animal Science, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli-627012, India
| | - Arunachalam Palavesam
- Department of Animal Science, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli-627012, India
| | - Grasian Immanuel
- MNP laboratory, Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam-629502, Tamilnadu, India.
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47
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Ruocco N, Costantini S, Guariniello S, Costantini M. Polysaccharides from the Marine Environment with Pharmacological, Cosmeceutical and Nutraceutical Potential. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050551. [PMID: 27128892 PMCID: PMC6273702 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates, also called saccharides, are molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are the most abundant biomolecules and essential components of many natural products and have attracted the attention of researchers because of their numerous human health benefits. Among carbohydrates the polysaccharides represent some of the most abundant bioactive substances in marine organisms. In fact, many marine macro- and microorganisms are good resources of carbohydrates with diverse applications due to their biofunctional properties. By acting on cell proliferation and cycle, and by modulating different metabolic pathways, marine polysaccharides (including mainly chitin, chitosan, fucoidan, carrageenan and alginate) also have numerous pharmaceutical activities, such as antioxidative, antibacterial, antiviral, immuno-stimulatory, anticoagulant and anticancer effects. Moreover, these polysaccharides have many general beneficial effects for human health, and have therefore been developed into potential cosmeceuticals and nutraceuticals. In this review we describe current advances in the development of marine polysaccharides for nutraceutical, cosmeceutical and pharmacological applications. Research in this field is opening new doors for harnessing the potential of marine natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ruocco
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy.
| | - Susan Costantini
- CROM, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Stefano Guariniello
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Maria Costantini
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
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48
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Hussain E, Wang LJ, Jiang B, Riaz S, Butt GY, Shi DY. A review of the components of brown seaweeds as potential candidates in cancer therapy. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23995h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown seaweeds have opened new opportunities for the development of novel anticancer agents due to their diverse structural composition and mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejaz Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology
- Institute of Oceanology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology
- Institute of Oceanology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology
- Institute of Oceanology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Saba Riaz
- Phycology Lab
- Department of Botany
- Government College University
- Lahore
- Pakistan
| | | | - Da-Yong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology
- Institute of Oceanology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Qingdao 266071
- China
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WANG WEIJIA, TU YI, WANG SHANSHAN, XU SHAN, XU LINLIN, XIONG YIFENG, MEI JINHONG, WANG CHUNLIANG. Role of HER-2 activity in the regulation of malignant meningioma cell proliferation and motility. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:3575-3582. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Moussavou G, Kwak DH, Obiang-Obonou BW, Maranguy CAO, Dinzouna-Boutamba SD, Lee DH, Pissibanganga OGM, Ko K, Seo JI, Choo YK. Anticancer effects of different seaweeds on human colon and breast cancers. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:4898-911. [PMID: 25255129 PMCID: PMC4178489 DOI: 10.3390/md12094898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Seafoods and seaweeds represent some of the most important reservoirs of new therapeutic compounds for humans. Seaweed has been shown to have several biological activities, including anticancer activity. This review focuses on colorectal and breast cancers, which are major causes of cancer-related mortality in men and women. It also describes various compounds extracted from a range of seaweeds that have been shown to eradicate or slow the progression of cancer. Fucoidan extracted from the brown algae Fucus spp. has shown activity against both colorectal and breast cancers. Furthermore, we review the mechanisms through which these compounds can induce apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. By considering the ability of compounds present in seaweeds to act against colorectal and breast cancers, this review highlights the potential use of seaweeds as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislain Moussavou
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | - Dong Hoon Kwak
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | | | - Cyr Abel Ogandaga Maranguy
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | | | - Dae Hoon Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
| | | | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
| | - Jae In Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Veritas D, Yonsei International Campus, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Korea.
| | - Young Kug Choo
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
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