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Chen P, Lou L, Sharma B, Li M, Xie C, Yang F, Wu Y, Xiao Q, Gao L. Recent Advances on PKM2 Inhibitors and Activators in Cancer Applications. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:2955-2973. [PMID: 37455458 DOI: 10.2174/0929867331666230714144851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming of cells, from the normal mode of glucose metabolism named glycolysis, is a pivotal characteristic of impending cancerous cells. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), an important enzyme that catalyzes the final rate-limiting stage during glycolysis, is highly expressed in numerous types of tumors and aids in development of favorable conditions for the survival of tumor cells. Increasing evidence has suggested that PKM2 is one of promising targets for innovative drug discovery, especially for the developments of antitumor therapeutics. Herein, we systematically summarize the recent advancement on PKM2 modulators including inhibitors and activators in cancer applications. We also discussed the classifications of pyruvate kinases in mammals and the biological functions of PKM2 in this review. We do hope that this review would provide a comprehensive understanding of the current research on PKM2 modulators, which may benefit the development of more potent PKM2-related drug candidates to treat PKM2-associated diseases including cancers in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Liang Lou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Bigyan Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Mengchu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Chengliang Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Fen Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Yihang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Qicai Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Liqian Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
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2
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Sheikh E, Agrawal K, Roy S, Burk D, Donnarumma F, Ko YH, Guttula PK, Biswal NC, Shukla HD, Gartia MR. Multimodal Imaging of Pancreatic Cancer Microenvironment in Response to an Antiglycolytic Drug. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301815. [PMID: 37706285 PMCID: PMC10842640 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism and glycolysis play crucial roles in the progression and metastasis of cancer, and the use of 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP) as an antiglycolytic agent has shown promise in killing pancreatic cancer cells. However, developing an effective strategy to avoid chemoresistance requires the ability to probe the interaction of cancer drugs with complex tumor-associated microenvironments (TAMs). Unfortunately, no robust and multiplexed molecular imaging technology is currently available to analyze TAMs. In this study, the simultaneous profiling of three protein biomarkers using SERS nanotags and antibody-functionalized nanoparticles in a syngeneic mouse model of pancreatic cancer (PC) is demonstrated. This allows for comprehensive information about biomarkers and TAM alterations before and after treatment. These multimodal imaging techniques include surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), immunohistochemistry (IHC), polarized light microscopy, second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), and untargeted liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. The study reveals the efficacy of 3-BP in treating pancreatic cancer and identifies drug treatment-induced lipid species remodeling and associated pathways through bioinformatics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Sheikh
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Kirti Agrawal
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Sanjit Roy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - David Burk
- Department of Cell Biology and Bioimaging, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Fabrizio Donnarumma
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Young H Ko
- NewG Lab Pharma, 701 East Pratt Street, Columbus Center, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
| | - Praveen Kumar Guttula
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Nrusingh C Biswal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Hem D Shukla
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Manas Ranjan Gartia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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3
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Farooq Z, Ismail H, Bhat SA, Layden BT, Khan MW. Aiding Cancer's "Sweet Tooth": Role of Hexokinases in Metabolic Reprogramming. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:946. [PMID: 37109475 PMCID: PMC10141071 DOI: 10.3390/life13040946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexokinases (HKs) convert hexose sugars to hexose-6-phosphate, thus trapping them inside cells to meet the synthetic and energetic demands. HKs participate in various standard and altered physiological processes, including cancer, primarily through the reprogramming of cellular metabolism. Four canonical HKs have been identified with different expression patterns across tissues. HKs 1-3 play a role in glucose utilization, whereas HK 4 (glucokinase, GCK) also acts as a glucose sensor. Recently, a novel fifth HK, hexokinase domain containing 1 (HKDC1), has been identified, which plays a role in whole-body glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity. Beyond the metabolic functions, HKDC1 is differentially expressed in many forms of human cancer. This review focuses on the role of HKs, particularly HKDC1, in metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeenat Farooq
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hagar Ismail
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sheraz Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Brian T. Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Md. Wasim Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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4
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Rosa N, Speelman-Rooms F, Parys JB, Bultynck G. Modulation of Ca 2+ signaling by antiapoptotic Bcl-2 versus Bcl-xL: From molecular mechanisms to relevance for cancer cell survival. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188791. [PMID: 36162541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Members of the Bcl-2-protein family are key controllers of apoptotic cell death. The family is divided into antiapoptotic (including Bcl-2 itself, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, etc.) and proapoptotic members (Bax, Bak, Bim, Bim, Puma, Noxa, Bad, etc.). These proteins are well known for their canonical role in the mitochondria, where they control mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and subsequent apoptosis. However, several proteins are recognized as modulators of intracellular Ca2+ signals that originate from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the major intracellular Ca2+-storage organelle. More than 25 years ago, Bcl-2, the founding member of the family, was reported to control apoptosis through Ca2+ signaling. Further work elucidated that Bcl-2 directly targets and inhibits inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), thereby suppressing proapoptotic Ca2+ signaling. In addition to Bcl-2, Bcl-xL was also shown to impact cell survival by sensitizing IP3R function, thereby promoting prosurvival oscillatory Ca2+ release. However, new work challenges this model and demonstrates that Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL can both function as inhibitors of IP3Rs. This suggests that, depending on the cell context, Bcl-xL could support very distinct Ca2+ patterns. This not only raises several questions but also opens new possibilities for the treatment of Bcl-xL-dependent cancers. In this review, we will discuss the similarities and divergences between Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL regarding Ca2+ homeostasis and IP3R modulation from both a molecular and a functional point of view, with particular emphasis on cancer cell death resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rosa
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Femke Speelman-Rooms
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Chaves-Almagro C, Auriau J, Dortignac A, Clerc P, Lulka H, Deleruyelle S, Projetti F, Nakhlé J, Frances A, Berta J, Gigoux V, Fourmy D, Dufresne M, Gomez-Brouchet A, Guillermet-Guibert J, Cordelier P, Knibiehler B, Jockers R, Valet P, Audigier Y, Masri B. Upregulated Apelin Signaling in Pancreatic Cancer Activates Oncogenic Signaling Pathways to Promote Tumor Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810600. [PMID: 36142542 PMCID: PMC9503500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of effort in understanding pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), there is still a lack of innovative targeted therapies for this devastating disease. Herein, we report the expression of apelin and its receptor, APJ, in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma and its protumoral function. Apelin and APJ protein expression in tumor tissues from patients with PDAC and their spatiotemporal pattern of expression in engineered mouse models of PDAC were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Apelin signaling function in tumor cells was characterized in pancreatic tumor cell lines by Western blot as well as proliferation, migration assays and in murine orthotopic xenograft experiments. In premalignant lesions, apelin was expressed in epithelial lesions whereas APJ was found in isolated cells tightly attached to premalignant lesions. However, in the invasive stage, apelin and APJ were co-expressed by tumor cells. In human tumor cells, apelin induced a long-lasting activation of PI3K/Akt, upregulated β-catenin and the oncogenes c-myc and cyclin D1 and promoted proliferation, migration and glucose uptake. Apelin receptor blockades reduced cancer cell proliferation along with a reduction in pancreatic tumor burden. These findings identify the apelin signaling pathway as a new actor for PDAC development and a novel therapeutic target for this incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carline Chaves-Almagro
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse III, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Johanna Auriau
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse III, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Alizée Dortignac
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse III, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Clerc
- INSERM ERL1226, CNRS UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse III, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Hubert Lulka
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Simon Deleruyelle
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse III, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Jessica Nakhlé
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Frances
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Judit Berta
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Véronique Gigoux
- INSERM ERL1226, CNRS UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse III, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Daniel Fourmy
- INSERM ERL1226, CNRS UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse III, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Marlène Dufresne
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Julie Guillermet-Guibert
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Cordelier
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Knibiehler
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Ralf Jockers
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Valet
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse III, 31432 Toulouse, France
- RESTORE, UMR 1301-Inserm 5070-CNRS EFS, Université de Toulouse, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Audigier
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Masri
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1048, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse III, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-40-51-64-87
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6
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Wang C, Xu R, Song J, Chen Y, Yin X, Ruze R, Xu Q. Prognostic value of glycolysis markers in pancreatic cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1004850. [PMID: 36172154 PMCID: PMC9510923 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1004850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have investigated the prognostic significance of glycolysis markers in pancreatic cancer; however, conclusions from these studies are still controversial. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched to investigate the prognostic role of glycolysis markers in pancreatic cancer up to May 2022. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) related to overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were calculated using the STATA 12.0 software. Results A total of 28 studies comprising 2010 patients were included in this meta-analysis. High expression of the five glycolysis markers was correlated with a poorer OS (HR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.34-2.22), DFS (HR = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.91-5.01), RFS (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.21-2.48) and DMFS (HR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.09-6.20) in patients with pancreatic cancer. In subgroup analysis, it was shown that higher expression levels of the five glycolysis markers were related to a poorer OS in Asians (HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.46-2.35, P < 0.001) and Caucasians (HR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.40-2.77, P < 0.001). Besides, analysis based on the expression levels of specific glycolysis markers demonstrated that higher expression levels of GLUT1 (HR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.58-2.82, P < 0.001), MCT4 (HR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.36-3.76, P = 0.002), and ENO1 (HR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.28-3.66, P =0.004) were correlated with a poorer OS in patients with pancreatic cancer. Conclusions High expression of the five glycolysis markers are associated with poorer OS, DFS, RFS and DMFS in patients with pancreatic cancer, indicating that the glycolysis markers could be potential prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer.
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Ishfaq M, Bashir N, Riaz SK, Manzoor S, Khan JS, Bibi Y, Sami R, Aljahani AH, Alharthy SA, Shahid R. Expression of HK2, PKM2, and PFKM Is Associated with Metastasis and Late Disease Onset in Breast Cancer Patients. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:549. [PMID: 35328104 PMCID: PMC8955648 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reprogramming of energy metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer and is crucial for tumor progression. Altered aerobic glycolysis is a well-known characteristic of cancer cell metabolism. In the present study, the expression profiles of key metabolic genes (HK2, PFKM, and PKM2) were assessed in the breast cancer cohort of Pakistan using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and IHC. Expression patterns were correlated with molecular subtypes and clinical parameters in the patients. A significant upregulation of key glycolytic genes was observed in tumor samples in comparison to their adjacent controls (p < 0.0001). The expression of the studied glycolytic genes was significantly increased in late clinical stages, positive nodal involvement, and distant metastasis (p < 0.05). HK2 and PKM2 were found to be upregulated in luminal B, whereas PFKM was overexpressed in the luminal A subtype of breast cancer. The genes were positively correlated with the proliferation marker Ki67 (p < 0.001). Moreover, moderate positive linear correlations between HK2 and PKM2 (r = 0.476), HK2 and PFKM (r = 0.473), and PKM2 and PFKM (r = 0.501) were also observed (p < 0.01). These findings validate that the key regulatory genes in glycolysis can serve as potential biomarkers and/or molecular targets for breast cancer management. However, the clinical significance of these molecules needs to be further validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Ishfaq
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.I.); (N.B.)
| | - Nabiha Bashir
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.I.); (N.B.)
| | - Syeda Kiran Riaz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Shumaila Manzoor
- National Veterinary Lab, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Jahangir Sarwar Khan
- Department of General Surgery, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Yamin Bibi
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan;
| | - Rokayya Sami
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amani H. Aljahani
- Department of Physical Sport Science, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saif A. Alharthy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramla Shahid
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.I.); (N.B.)
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Cui HR, Zhang JY, Cheng XH, Zheng JX, Zhang Q, Zheng R, You LZ, Han DR, Shang HC. Immunometabolism at the service of traditional Chinese medicine. Pharmacol Res 2022; 176:106081. [PMID: 35033650 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse effects, ancient practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescribe combinations of plant species/animal species and minerals designated "TCM formulae" developed based on TCM theory and clinical experience. TCM formulae have been shown to exert curative effects on complex diseases via immune regulation but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown at present. Considerable progress in the field of immunometabolism, referring to alterations in the intracellular metabolism of immune cells that regulate their function, has been made over the past decade. The core context of immunometabolism is regulation of the allocation of metabolic resources supporting host defense and survival, which provides a critical additional dimension and emerging insights into how the immune system and metabolism influence each other during disease progression. This review summarizes research findings on the significant association between the immune function and metabolic remodeling in health and disease as well as the therapeutic modulatory effects of TCM formulae on immunometabolism. Progressive elucidation of the immunometabolic mechanisms involved during the course of TCM treatment continues to aid in the identification of novel potential targets against pathogenicity. In this report, we have provided a comprehensive overview of the benefits of TCM based on regulation of immunometabolism that are potentially applicable for the treatment of modern diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Rong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Zhang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xue-Hao Cheng
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jia-Xin Zheng
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liang-Zhen You
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dong-Ran Han
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hong-Cai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
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9
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Jain A, Bhardwaj V. Therapeutic resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Current challenges and future opportunities. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:6527-6550. [PMID: 34754151 PMCID: PMC8554400 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i39.6527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Although chemotherapeutic regimens such as gemcitabine+ nab-paclitaxel and FOLFIRINOX (FOLinic acid, 5-Fluroruracil, IRINotecan, and Oxaliplatin) significantly improve patient survival, the prevalence of therapy resistance remains a major roadblock in the success of these agents. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms that play a crucial role in PDAC therapy resistance and how a better understanding of these mechanisms has shaped clinical trials for pancreatic cancer chemotherapy. Specifically, we have discussed the metabolic alterations and DNA repair mechanisms observed in PDAC and current approaches in targeting these mechanisms. Our discussion also includes the lessons learned following the failure of immunotherapy in PDAC and current approaches underway to improve tumor's immunological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Jain
- The Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Vikas Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
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Penny HL, Sieow JL, Gun SY, Lau MC, Lee B, Tan J, Phua C, Toh F, Nga Y, Yeap WH, Janela B, Kumar D, Chen H, Yeong J, Kenkel JA, Pang A, Lim D, Toh HC, Hon TLK, Johnson CI, Khameneh HJ, Mortellaro A, Engleman EG, Rotzschke O, Ginhoux F, Abastado JP, Chen J, Wong SC. Targeting Glycolysis in Macrophages Confers Protection Against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6350. [PMID: 34198548 PMCID: PMC8231859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation in the tumor microenvironment has been shown to promote disease progression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); however, the role of macrophage metabolism in promoting inflammation is unclear. Using an orthotopic mouse model of PDAC, we demonstrate that macrophages from tumor-bearing mice exhibit elevated glycolysis. Macrophage-specific deletion of Glucose Transporter 1 (GLUT1) significantly reduced tumor burden, which was accompanied by increased Natural Killer and CD8+ T cell activity and suppression of the NLRP3-IL1β inflammasome axis. Administration of mice with a GLUT1-specific inhibitor reduced tumor burden, comparable with gemcitabine, the current standard-of-care. In addition, we observe that intra-tumoral macrophages from human PDAC patients exhibit a pronounced glycolytic signature, which reliably predicts poor survival. Our data support a key role for macrophage metabolism in tumor immunity, which could be exploited to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hweixian Leong Penny
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Je Lin Sieow
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Sin Yee Gun
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Mai Chan Lau
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Jasmine Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Cindy Phua
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Florida Toh
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Yvonne Nga
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Wei Hseun Yeap
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Baptiste Janela
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), 11 Mandalay Road, #17-01 Clinical Sciences Building, Singapore 308232, Singapore;
| | - Dilip Kumar
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Hao Chen
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Joe Yeong
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Justin A. Kenkel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3373 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (J.A.K.); (E.G.E.)
| | - Angela Pang
- National University Cancer Institute Singapore, NUH Medical Centre (NUHMC) @ Levels 8-10, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore;
| | - Diana Lim
- Department of Pathology, National University Health System, National University Hospital, Lower Kent Ridge Road, 1 Main Building, Level 3, Singapore 119074, Singapore;
| | - Han Chong Toh
- National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore;
| | - Tony Lim Kiat Hon
- Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, 20 College Road, Academia, Level 7, Singapore 169856, Singapore;
| | | | - Hanif Javanmard Khameneh
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Alessandra Mortellaro
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Edgar G. Engleman
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3373 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (J.A.K.); (E.G.E.)
| | - Olaf Rotzschke
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Abastado
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Siew Cheng Wong
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove Level 3 & 4 Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; (J.L.S.); (S.Y.G.); (M.C.L.); (B.L.); (J.T.); (C.P.); (F.T.); (Y.N.); (W.H.Y.); (D.K.); (H.C.); (J.Y.); (H.J.K.); (A.M.); (O.R.); (F.G.); (J.-P.A.); (J.C.)
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11
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Hipólito A, Martins F, Mendes C, Lopes-Coelho F, Serpa J. Molecular and Metabolic Reprogramming: Pulling the Strings Toward Tumor Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:656851. [PMID: 34150624 PMCID: PMC8209414 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.656851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major hurdle to the efficient treatment of cancer, accounting for the great majority of cancer-related deaths. Although several studies have disclosed the detailed mechanisms underlying primary tumor formation, the emergence of metastatic disease remains poorly understood. This multistep process encompasses the dissemination of cancer cells to distant organs, followed by their adaptation to foreign microenvironments and establishment in secondary tumors. During the last decades, it was discovered that these events may be favored by particular metabolic patterns, which are dependent on reprogrammed signaling pathways in cancer cells while they acquire metastatic traits. In this review, we present current knowledge of molecular mechanisms that coordinate the crosstalk between metastatic signaling and cellular metabolism. The recent findings involving the contribution of crucial metabolic pathways involved in the bioenergetics and biosynthesis control in metastatic cells are summarized. Finally, we highlight new promising metabolism-based therapeutic strategies as a putative way of impairing metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hipólito
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Martins
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cindy Mendes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Lopes-Coelho
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
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12
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Bischof H, Burgstaller S, Springer A, Matt L, Rauter T, Bachkönig OA, Schmidt T, Groschner K, Schindl R, Madl T, Plesnila N, Lukowski R, Graier WF, Malli R. Potassium ions promote hexokinase-II dependent glycolysis. iScience 2021; 24:102346. [PMID: 33870140 PMCID: PMC8047173 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High expression levels of mitochondria-associated hexokinase-II (HKII) represent a hallmark of metabolically highly active cells such as fast proliferating cancer cells. Typically, the enzyme provides a crucial metabolic switch towards aerobic glycolysis. By imaging metabolic activities on the single-cell level with genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors, we here demonstrate that HKII activity requires intracellular K+. The K+ dependency of glycolysis in cells expressing HKII was confirmed in cell populations using extracellular flux analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics. Reductions of intracellular K+ by gramicidin acutely disrupted HKII-dependent glycolysis and triggered energy stress pathways, while K+ re-addition promptly restored glycolysis-dependent adenosine-5'-triphosphate generation. Moreover, expression and activation of KV1.3, a voltage-gated K+ channel, lowered cellular K+ content and the glycolytic activity of HEK293 cells. Our findings unveil K+ as an essential cofactor of HKII and provide a mechanistic link between activities of distinct K+ channels and cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Bischof
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Burgstaller
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Department of Molecular Biology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Anna Springer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lucas Matt
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Rauter
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Olaf A. Bachkönig
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tony Schmidt
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Klaus Groschner
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rainer Schindl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Nikolaus Plesnila
- Laboratory of Experimental Stroke Research, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang F. Graier
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Malli
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
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13
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Curcio C, Brugiapaglia S, Bulfamante S, Follia L, Cappello P, Novelli F. The Glycolytic Pathway as a Target for Novel Onco-Immunology Therapies in Pancreatic Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:1642. [PMID: 33804240 PMCID: PMC7998946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most lethal forms of human cancer, characterized by unrestrained progression, invasiveness and treatment resistance. To date, there are limited curative options, with surgical resection as the only effective strategy, hence the urgent need to discover novel therapies. A platform of onco-immunology targets is represented by molecules that play a role in the reprogrammed cellular metabolism as one hallmark of cancer. Due to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME), PDA cells display an altered glucose metabolism-resulting in its increased uptake-and a higher glycolytic rate, which leads to lactate accumulation and them acting as fuel for cancer cells. The consequent acidification of the TME results in immunosuppression, which impairs the antitumor immunity. This review analyzes the genetic background and the emerging glycolytic enzymes that are involved in tumor progression, development and metastasis, and how this represents feasible therapeutic targets to counteract PDA. In particular, as the overexpressed or mutated glycolytic enzymes stimulate both humoral and cellular immune responses, we will discuss their possible exploitation as immunological targets in anti-PDA therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Curcio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Centro Ricerche Medicina Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Brugiapaglia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Centro Ricerche Medicina Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Bulfamante
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Centro Ricerche Medicina Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Follia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Computer Science Department, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Cappello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Centro Ricerche Medicina Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Centro Ricerche Medicina Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
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14
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Zhao H, Song L. TKP, a Serine Protease from Trichosanthes kirilowii, Inhibits Cell Proliferation by Blocking Aerobic Glycolysis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:333-345. [PMID: 33544002 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1882508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. TKP is a serine protease extracted from the fruit of Trichosanthes kirilowii. We investigated the impact of TKP on the proliferation of HCC cells and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Bel-7402 and HepG2 cell viability and colony formation capacity were evaluated using MTT and colony formation assays, respectively. Glucose uptake and lactate production were determined using glucose and lactate assay kits. The mRNA expressions of GLUT1, PDK, LDHA, PKM2, β-catenin, c-Myc, and HnRNPA1 were assessed using real-time PCR analysis. Protein expression and the distribution of PKM2 were examined by western blot assay. RESULTS TKP significantly inhibited Bel-7402 and HepG2 cell survival and colony formation capacity. The IC50 values of TKP against Bel-7402 and HepG2 cells were 31.37 ± 1.33 and 27.41 ± 0.81 μg/mL, respectively. TKP restrained aerobic glycolysis. TKP decreased the expression level, nuclear protein level and pyruvate kinase activity of PKM2, whereas overexpression PKM2 reversed the suppression of TKP on glycolysis. TKP inhibited the β-catenin/c-Myc/HnRNPA1 pathway. LiCl treatment partly rescued the inhibitory effects of TKP on PKM2, aerobic glycolysis, and cell viability. CONCLUSION TKP suppresses HCC cell proliferation via blocking PKM2-dependent glycolysis, which is regulated by inhibiting the β-catenin/c-Myc/HnRNPA1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li Song
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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15
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Zhang Z, Fang E, Rong Y, Han H, Gong Q, Xiao Y, Li H, Mei P, Li H, Zhu Z, Tang Z, Tao J. Hypoxia-induced lncRNA CASC9 enhances glycolysis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of pancreatic cancer by a positive feedback loop with AKT/HIF-1α signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:123-137. [PMID: 33520364 PMCID: PMC7840708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates the dysregulations and pivotal roles of lncRNAs in the development and progression of various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. Enhanced glycolytic flux and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) have been considered as important factors in driving the malignance of pancreatic cancer. Here, we sought to evaluate the biological role and involved mechanism of lncRNA CASC9 (CASC9) in pancreatic cancer. Our present study showed that CASC9 was upregulated in various pancreatic cancer cell lines. Loss- and gain-of function of CASC9 demonstrated its critical roles in promoting the glycolysis and EMT phenotypes of pancreatic cancer. Moreover, knockdown of CASC9 inhibited the tumorigenicity and metastasis in vivo. Additionally, our findings showed that hypoxia induced the expression of CASC9 and enhanced the binding of HIF-1α to its promoter. We also demonstrated that the positive feedback loop of CASC9 and the AKT/HIF-1α signaling cascade partially mediated this biological process. Altogether, our results suggest that CASC9 promotes the glycolysis and EMT of pancreatic cancer by a positive feedback loop with AKT/HIF-1α signaling, which is synergistically enhanced by the tumor hypoxic niche. Our study will provide potential therapeutic targets for treating pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengle Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Erhu Fang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yuping Rong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Han Han
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430014, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiong Gong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yingyan Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hehe Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin 300060, China
| | - Pei Mei
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hanjun Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhongchao Zhu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhigang Tang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
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16
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Yang XR, Pi C, Yu R, Fan XJ, Peng XX, Zhang XC, Chen ZH, Wu X, Shao Y, Wu YL, Zhou Q. Correlation of exosomal microRNA clusters with bone metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 2020; 38:109-117. [PMID: 33231826 PMCID: PMC7882559 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-020-10062-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
20–40% of lung cancer patients develop bone metastasis (BM) with significantly decreased overall survival. Currently, BM is mainly diagnosed by computerized tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) when symptom develops. Novel biomarkers with higher prediction value of BM are needed. Plasma-derived exosomal microRNAs had been isolated and sequenced of total 30 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients including 16 with bone metastasis and 14 without bone metastasis. Hierarchical clustering based on the total miRNA profile can clearly separate cancer patients and healthy individuals (H), but not patients with (BM +) or without (BM−) BM. Weight Co-expression network of miRNAs (WGCNA) analyses identified three consensus clusters (A, B, C) of highly correlated miRNAs, among which cluster B (144 miRNAs) showed significantly differential expression in lung cancer patients, especially in BM + group. Pathway analysis of cluster B miRNAs revealed enrichment in metabolic pathways that may involve in preconditioning of the metastatic niche. Three differentially expressed miRNAs between BM + and BM− patients within cluster B were identified as miR-574-5p, a suppressor of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, was down-regulated, while miR-328-3p and miR-423-3p, two activators of the same pathway, were up-regulated in BM + patients. Cluster A miRNAs (n = 49) also showed trend of upregulation in BM + patients. Interestingly, pathway analysis indicated that 43 of them are associated with chromosome14, which has been suggested to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rong Yang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Can Pi
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoying Yu
- Geneseeq Technology Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Xiao-Xiao Peng
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Geneseeq Technology Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yang Shao
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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17
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Yin C, Lu W, Ma M, Yang Q, He W, Hu Y, Xia L. Efficacy and mechanism of combination of oxaliplatin with PKM2 knockdown in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:312. [PMID: 33093921 PMCID: PMC7573921 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
M2 isomer of pyruvate kinase (PKM2), a key enzyme in aerobic glycolysis, is closely related to cancer development and progression. Suppression of PKM2 exhibits synergistic effects with docetaxel in lung cancer, but the therapeutic potential in colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear. The aim of the present study was to explore the synergic effects and mechanism of knocking down PKM2 combined with oxaliplatin (a chemosensitizer) treatment in two CRC cell lines (HCT116 and DLD1). The PKM2 gene was initially knocked down using small interfering (si)RNAs (si155 and si156). Subsequently, the effects of PKM2-siRNAs and oxaliplatin, on CRC cells were determined using MTS, cell cycle analysis and apoptosis assays. The mechanism of targeting PKM2 was explored by detecting glucose uptake, lactate secretion fluxes, and the levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mRNA, glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cell viability in the experimental groups (PKM2-siRNAs, oxaliplatin, PKM2-siRNAs + oxaliplatin) was significantly reduced compared with the control group, and combination treatments (PKM2-siRNAs + oxaliplatin) were more effective than single treatments (PKM2-siRNAs and oxaliplatin only groups). Similar results were observed with the apoptosis assay. The combination groups showed synergistic effects compared with both single treatment groups. Furthermore, glucose uptake and lactate secretion and mRNA levels of G6PD and PKM2 were decreased after PKM2 knockdown in the PKM2-siRNAs and PKM2-siRNAs + oxaliplatin groups. The GSH levels in the PKM2-siRNAs group was significantly lower compared with the negative control group. The ROS levels in the PKM2-siRNAs groups were also significantly increased. The combination of PKM2-siRNAs and oxaliplatin had synergistic effects on CRC cells (HCT116 and DLD1). PKM2 silencing may alter energy metabolism in cancer cells and initiate ROS-induced apoptosis after downregulation of the pentose phosphate pathway by PKM2-siRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Intensive Care Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhuo He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Yumin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Liangping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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18
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Lee HJ, Han HJ, Lee JY, Son WC. PKM2 in Canine Mammary Tumors: Parallels to Human Breast Cancer. Comp Med 2020; 70:349-354. [PMID: 32718384 PMCID: PMC7446644 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-20-000013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PKM2 is a pyruvate kinase isoform that is the final and rate-limiting step in aerobic glycolysis in tumor cells. Increased expression of PKM2 has been detected in human cancers. The present study examined the expression of PKM2 in canine mammary tumors and assessed its prognostic significance. Paraffin sections of 5 adenomas, 67 carcinomas, and 5 samples of nonneoplastic hyperplasia from 77 dogs, aged 8 to 18 y, were evaluated. Significantly higher levels of PKM2 were detected among the carcinomas compared with all other tissues examined. The level of PKM2 expression in carcinoma tissue correlated positively with the tumor grade. These findings suggest that PKM2 may have a similar role in canine mammary tumors to its role in human breast cancer. As such, canine mammary tumors may be useful models for studies focused on the progression of human neoplastic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Ju Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Han
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Chan Son
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea;,
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19
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Li WC, Huang CH, Hsieh YT, Chen TY, Cheng LH, Chen CY, Liu CJ, Chen HM, Huang CL, Lo JF, Chang KW. Regulatory Role of Hexokinase 2 in Modulating Head and Neck Tumorigenesis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:176. [PMID: 32195170 PMCID: PMC7063098 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To support great demand of cell growth, cancer cells preferentially obtain energy and biomacromolecules by glycolysis over mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). Among all glycolytic enzymes, hexokinase (HK), a rate-limiting enzyme at the first step of glycolysis to catalyze cellular glucose into glucose-6-phosphate, is herein emphasized. Four HK isoforms, HK1-HK4, were discovered in nature. It was shown that HK2 expression is enriched in many tumor cells and correlated with poorer survival rates in most neoplastic cells. HK2-mediated regulations for cell malignancy and mechanistic cues in regulating head and neck tumorigenesis, however, are not fully elucidated. Cellular malignancy index, such as cell growth, cellular motility, and treatment sensitivity, and molecular alterations were determined in HK2-deficient head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells. By using various cancer databases, HK2, but not HK1, positively correlates with HNSCC progression in a stage-dependent manner. A high HK2 expression was detected in head and neck cancerous tissues compared with their normal counterparts, both in mouse and human subjects. Loss of HK2 in HNSCC cells resulted in reduced cell (in vitro) and tumor (in vivo) growth, as well as decreased epithelial-mesenchymal transition–mediated cell movement; in contrast, HK2-deficient HNSCC cells exhibited greater sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil but are more resistant to photodynamic therapy, indicating that HK2 expression could selectively define treatment sensitivity in HNSCC cells. At the molecular level, it was found that HK2 alteration drove metabolic reprogramming toward OxPhos and modulated oncogenic Akt and mutant TP53-mediated signals in HNSCC cells. In summary, the present study showed that HK2 suppression could lessen HNSCC oncogenicity and modulate therapeutic sensitivity, thereby being an ideal therapeutic target for HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chun Li
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiang Huang
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ta Hsieh
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Ying Chen
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hao Cheng
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Chen
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ji Liu
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ming Chen
- School of Dentistry and Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ling Huang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics (HTI), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU), Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jeng-Fang Lo
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Chang
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Metabolic reprogramming and disease progression in cancer patients. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165721. [PMID: 32057942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Genomics has contributed to the treatment of a fraction of cancer patients. However, there is a need to profile the proteins that define the phenotype of cancer and its pathogenesis. The reprogramming of metabolism is a major trait of the cancer phenotype with great potential for prognosis and targeted therapy. This review overviews the major changes reported in the steady-state levels of proteins of metabolism in primary carcinomas, paying attention to those enzymes that correlate with patients' survival. The upregulation of enzymes of glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, lipogenesis, glutaminolysis and the antioxidant defense is concurrent with the downregulation of mitochondrial proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation, emphasizing the potential of mitochondrial metabolism as a promising therapeutic target in cancer. We stress that high-throughput quantitative expression profiling of differentially expressed proteins in large cohorts of carcinomas paired with normal tissues will accelerate translation of metabolism to a successful personalized medicine in cancer.
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21
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Song Z, Pearce MC, Jiang Y, Yang L, Goodall C, Miranda CL, Milovancev M, Bracha S, Kolluri SK, Maier CS. Delineation of hypoxia-induced proteome shifts in osteosarcoma cells with different metastatic propensities. Sci Rep 2020; 10:727. [PMID: 31959767 PMCID: PMC6971036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone cancer in children and young adults. Solid tumors are characterized by intratumoral hypoxia, and hypoxic cells are associated with the transformation to aggressive phenotype and metastasis. The proteome needed to support an aggressive osteosarcoma cell phenotype remains largely undefined. To link metastatic propensity to a hypoxia-induced proteotype, we compared the protein profiles of two isogenic canine OS cell lines, POS (low metastatic) and HMPOS (highly metastatic), under normoxia and hypoxia. Label-free shotgun proteomics was applied to comprehensively characterize the hypoxia-responsive proteome profiles in the OS cell phenotypes. Hypothesis-driven parallel reaction monitoring was used to validate the differential proteins observed in the shotgun data and to monitor proteins of which we expected to exhibit hypoxia responsiveness, but which were absent in the label-free shotgun data. We established a "distance" score (|zHMPOS - zPOS|), and "sensitivity" score (|zHypoxia - zNormoxia) to quantitatively evaluate the proteome shifts exhibited by OS cells in response to hypoxia. Evaluation of the sensitivity scores for the proteome shifts observed and principal component analysis of the hypoxia-responsive proteins indicated that both cell types acquire a proteome that supports a Warburg phenotype with enhanced cell migration and proliferation characteristics. Cell migration and glucose uptake assays combined with protein function inhibitor studies provided further support that hypoxia-driven adaption of pathways associated with glycolytic metabolism, collagen biosynthesis and remodeling, redox regulation and immunomodulatory proteins typify a proteotype associated with an aggressive cancer cell phenotype. Our findings further suggest that proteins involved in collagen remodeling and immune editing may warrant further evaluation as potential targets for anti-metastatic treatment strategies in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Song
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Oregon, USA
| | - Martin C Pearce
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Oregon, USA
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Oregon, USA
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Oregon, USA
| | - Cheri Goodall
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Milan Milovancev
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Oregon, USA
| | - Shay Bracha
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Oregon, USA
| | - Siva K Kolluri
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Oregon, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Oregon, USA
| | - Claudia S Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Oregon, USA.
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Oregon, USA.
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22
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Yu L, Teoh ST, Ensink E, Ogrodzinski MP, Yang C, Vazquez AI, Lunt SY. Cysteine catabolism and the serine biosynthesis pathway support pyruvate production during pyruvate kinase knockdown in pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Metab 2019; 7:13. [PMID: 31893043 PMCID: PMC6937848 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-019-0205-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with limited treatment options. Pyruvate kinase, especially the M2 isoform (PKM2), is highly expressed in PDAC cells, but its role in pancreatic cancer remains controversial. To investigate the role of pyruvate kinase in pancreatic cancer, we knocked down PKM2 individually as well as both PKM1 and PKM2 concurrently (PKM1/2) in cell lines derived from a KrasG12D/-; p53-/- pancreatic mouse model. Methods We used liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine metabolic profiles of wildtype and PKM1/2 knockdown PDAC cells. We further used stable isotope-labeled metabolic precursors and LC-MS/MS to determine metabolic pathways upregulated in PKM1/2 knockdown cells. We then targeted metabolic pathways upregulated in PKM1/2 knockdown cells using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. Results PDAC cells are able to proliferate and continue to produce pyruvate despite PKM1/2 knockdown. The serine biosynthesis pathway partially contributed to pyruvate production during PKM1/2 knockdown: knockout of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase in this pathway decreased pyruvate production from glucose. In addition, cysteine catabolism generated ~ 20% of intracellular pyruvate in PDAC cells. Other potential sources of pyruvate include the sialic acid pathway and catabolism of glutamine, serine, tryptophan, and threonine. However, these sources did not provide significant levels of pyruvate in PKM1/2 knockdown cells. Conclusion PKM1/2 knockdown does not impact the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells. The serine biosynthesis pathway supports conversion of glucose to pyruvate during pyruvate kinase knockdown. However, direct conversion of serine to pyruvate was not observed during PKM1/2 knockdown. Investigating several alternative sources of pyruvate identified cysteine catabolism for pyruvate production during PKM1/2 knockdown. Surprisingly, we find that a large percentage of intracellular pyruvate comes from cysteine. Our results highlight the ability of PDAC cells to adaptively rewire their metabolic pathways during knockdown of a key metabolic enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Shao Thing Teoh
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Elliot Ensink
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Martin P Ogrodzinski
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA.,2Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Che Yang
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Ana I Vazquez
- 3Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA.,4The Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Sophia Y Lunt
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA.,5Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
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23
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Fedorova MS, Krasnov GS, Lukyanova EN, Zaretsky AR, Dmitriev AA, Melnikova NV, Moskalev AA, Kharitonov SL, Pudova EA, Guvatova ZG, Kobelyatskaya AA, Ishina IA, Slavnova EN, Lipatova AV, Chernichenko MA, Sidorov DV, Popov AY, Kiseleva MV, Kaprin AD, Snezhkina AV, Kudryavtseva AV. The CIMP-high phenotype is associated with energy metabolism alterations in colon adenocarcinoma. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:52. [PMID: 30967137 PMCID: PMC6454590 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0771-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) is found in 15-20% of malignant colorectal tumors and is characterized by strong CpG hypermethylation over the genome. The molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon are not still fully understood. The development of CIMP is followed by global gene expression alterations and metabolic changes. In particular, CIMP-low colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), predominantly corresponded to consensus molecular subtype 3 (CMS3, "Metabolic") subgroup according to COAD molecular classification, is associated with elevated expression of genes participating in metabolic pathways. METHODS We performed bioinformatics analysis of RNA-Seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project for CIMP-high and non-CIMP COAD samples with DESeq2, clusterProfiler, and topGO R packages. Obtained results were validated on a set of fourteen COAD samples with matched morphologically normal tissues using quantitative PCR (qPCR). RESULTS Upregulation of multiple genes involved in glycolysis and related processes (ENO2, PFKP, HK3, PKM, ENO1, HK2, PGAM1, GAPDH, ALDOA, GPI, TPI1, and HK1) was revealed in CIMP-high tumors compared to non-CIMP ones. Most remarkably, the expression of the PKLR gene, encoding for pyruvate kinase participating in gluconeogenesis, was decreased approximately 20-fold. Up to 8-fold decrease in the expression of OGDHL gene involved in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle was observed in CIMP-high tumors. Using qPCR, we confirmed the increase (4-fold) in the ENO2 expression and decrease (2-fold) in the OGDHL mRNA level on a set of COAD samples. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the association between CIMP-high status and the energy metabolism changes at the transcriptomic level in colorectal adenocarcinoma against the background of immune pathway activation. Differential methylation of at least nine CpG sites in OGDHL promoter region as well as decreased OGDHL mRNA level can potentially serve as an additional biomarker of the CIMP-high status in COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria S. Fedorova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - George S. Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena N. Lukyanova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrew R. Zaretsky
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya V. Melnikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Moskalev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey L. Kharitonov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A. Pudova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zulfiya G. Guvatova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Irina A. Ishina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena N. Slavnova
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia V. Lipatova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A. Chernichenko
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Sidorov
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Marina V. Kiseleva
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey D. Kaprin
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Anna V. Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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24
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Carvalho TM, Cardoso HJ, Figueira MI, Vaz CV, Socorro S. The peculiarities of cancer cell metabolism: A route to metastasization and a target for therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 171:343-363. [PMID: 30928707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed the peculiarities of metabolic reprogramming in tumour onset and progression, and their relevance in cancer therapy. Also, it has been indicated that the metastatic process may depend on the metabolic rewiring and adaptation of cancer cells to the pressure of tumour microenvironment and limiting nutrient availability. The present review gatherers the existent knowledge on the influence of tumour microenvironment and metabolic routes driving metastasis. A focus will be given to glycolysis, fatty acid metabolism, glutaminolysis, and amino acid handling. In addition, the role of metabolic waste driving metastasization will be explored. Finally, we discuss the status of cancer treatment approaches targeting metabolism. This knowledge revision will highlight the critical metabolic targets in metastasis and the chemicals already used in preclinical studies and clinical trials, providing clues that would be further exploited in medicinal chemistry research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Ma Carvalho
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Henrique J Cardoso
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Marília I Figueira
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cátia V Vaz
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Socorro
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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25
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Prognostic role of glycolysis for cancer outcome: evidence from 86 studies. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:967-999. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02847-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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26
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KiSS1 in regulation of metastasis and response to antitumor drugs. Drug Resist Updat 2019; 42:12-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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27
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Bonatelli M, Silva ECA, Cárcano FM, Zaia MG, Lopes LF, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Pinheiro C. The Warburg Effect Is Associated With Tumor Aggressiveness in Testicular Germ Cell Tumors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:417. [PMID: 31316469 PMCID: PMC6610306 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular Germ Cell Tumors (TGCTs) are a rare group of neoplasms and the most common solid malignancy arising in young male adults. Despite the good response of these tumors to platinum-based chemotherapy, some patients are refractory to treatment and present poor clinical outcomes. During carcinogenesis and tumor development, cancer cells reprogram energy metabolism toward a hyper-glycolytic phenotype, an emerging hallmark of cancer. This phenomenon, known as the Warburg effect or aerobic glycolysis, involves overexpression of metabolism-related proteins, like glucose and monocarboxylate transporters, pH regulators and intracellular glycolytic enzymes. The metabolic profile of TGCTs is very little explored and, recently, this metabolic rewiring of cancer cells has been associated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics of these tumors. The overexpression of monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) in TGCTs has been pointed out as a poor prognostic factor, as well as a promising therapeutic target. As a result, the main aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of key metabolism-related proteins in TGCTs. The immunohistochemical expressions of CD44 (as a monocarboxylate transporter chaperone), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), hexokinase II (HKII) and lactate dehydrogenase V (LDHV) were evaluated in a series of 148 adult male patients with TGCTs and associated with clinicopathological parameters. In addition, paired normal tissues were also evaluated. The sample included 75 seminoma and 73 non-seminoma tumors. GLUT1 and CD44 expression was significantly increased in malignant samples when compared to paired normal samples. Conversely, HKII and LDHV expressions were significantly decreased in malignant samples. Concerning the clinicopathological values, CAIX expression was significantly associated with disease recurrence, while HKII expression was significantly associated with aggressive characteristics of TGCTs, including higher staging and non-seminoma histology. In conclusion, this study brings new insights on the metabolic characteristics of TGCTs, showing alterations in the expression of proteins related with the Warburg effect, as well as associations of the hyper-glycolytic and acid-resistant phenotype with aggressive clinicopathological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Bonatelli
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Flavio M. Cárcano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
- Barretos School of Health Sciences Dr. Paulo Prata—FACISB, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurício G. Zaia
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz F. Lopes
- Barretos Children's Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Céline Pinheiro
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
- Barretos School of Health Sciences Dr. Paulo Prata—FACISB, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Céline Pinheiro
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28
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Bhattacharya D, Scimè A. Metabolic Regulation of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition: Implications for Endocrine Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:773. [PMID: 31849832 PMCID: PMC6901924 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The last few decades have witnessed an outstanding advancement in our understanding of the hallmarks of endocrine cancers. This includes the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that alters the morphology and functional characteristics of carcinoma cells. The mesenchymal stem cell like phenotype produced by EMT allows the dislocation of cancer cells from the primary tumor site with inheritance of motility, metastatic and invasive properties. A fundamental driver thought to initiate and propagate EMT is metabolic reprogramming that occur during these transitions. Though there remains a paucity of data regarding the alterations that occur during EMT in endocrine cancers, the contribution of deregulated metabolism is a prominent feature. This mini review focuses on metabolic reprogramming events that occur in cancer cells and in particular those of endocrine origin. It highlights the main metabolic reprogramming outcomes of EMT, encompassing glycolysis, mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation and function, glutamine and lipid metabolism. Comprehending the metabolic changes that occur during EMT will help formulate potential bioenergetic targets as therapies for endocrine cancer metastasis.
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29
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Hillis AL, Lau AN, Devoe CX, Dayton TL, Danai LV, Di Vizio D, Vander Heiden MG. PKM2 is not required for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Metab 2018; 6:17. [PMID: 30386596 PMCID: PMC6198443 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-018-0188-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While most cancer cells preferentially express the M2 isoform of the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase (PKM2), PKM2 is dispensable for tumor development in several mouse cancer models. PKM2 is expressed in human pancreatic cancer, and there have been conflicting reports on the association of PKM2 expression and pancreatic cancer patient survival, but whether PKM2 is required for pancreatic cancer progression is unknown. To investigate the role of PKM2 in pancreatic cancer, we used a conditional allele to delete PKM2 in a mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). RESULTS PDAC tumors were initiated in LSL-Kras G12D/+ ;Trp53 flox/flox ;Pdx-1-Cre (KP-/-C) mice harboring a conditional Pkm2 allele. Immunohistochemical analysis showed PKM2 expression in wild-type tumors and loss of PKM2 expression in tumors from Pkm2 conditional mice. PKM2 deletion had no effect on overall survival or tumor size. Loss of PKM2 resulted in pyruvate kinase M1 (PKM1) expression, but did not affect the number of proliferating cells. These findings are consistent with results in other cancer models. CONCLUSIONS PKM2 is not required for initiation or growth of PDAC tumors arising in the KP-/-C pancreatic cancer model. These findings suggest that, in this mouse PDAC model, PKM2 expression is not required for pancreatic tumor formation or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissandra L Hillis
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Allison N Lau
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Camille X Devoe
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Talya L Dayton
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Laura V Danai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Dolores Di Vizio
- Departments of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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30
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Masamune A, Hamada S, Yoshida N, Nabeshima T, Shimosegawa T. Pyruvate Kinase Isozyme M2 Plays a Critical Role in the Interactions Between Pancreatic Stellate Cells and Cancer Cells. Dig Dis Sci 2018; 63:1868-1877. [PMID: 29619774 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-018-5051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic stellate cells plays a pivotal role in the progression of pancreatic cancer. Pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 is a key enzyme in glycolysis. Previous studies have shown that pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and that it regulates the aggressive behaviors of pancreatic cancer cells. AIMS To clarify the role of pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 in the interactions between pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic stellate cells. METHODS Pyruvate kinase isozyme M2-knockdown pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1 and SUIT-2 cells) and pancreatic stellate cells were generated by the introduction of small interfering RNA-expressing vector against pyruvate kinase isozyme M2. Cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were examined in vitro. The impact of pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 knockdown on the growth of subcutaneous tumors was examined in nude mice in vivo. RESULTS Pyruvate kinase isozyme M2-kockdown pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic stellate cells showed decreased proliferation and migration compared to their respective control cells. Pancreatic stellate cell-induced proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were inhibited when pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 expression was knocked down in pancreatic cancer cells. In vivo, co-injection of pancreatic stellate cells increased the size of the tumor developed by the control SUIT-2 cells, but the effects were less evident when pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 was knocked down in SUIT-2 cells or pancreatic stellate cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested a critical role of pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 in the interaction between pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic stellate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Shin Hamada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Naoki Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tatsuhide Nabeshima
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tooru Shimosegawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
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31
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Bandara IA, Baltatzis M, Sanyal S, Siriwardena AK. Evaluation of tumor M2-pyruvate kinase (Tumor M2-PK) as a biomarker for pancreatic cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29540198 PMCID: PMC5853155 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1360-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Expression of the dimeric M2 isoenzyme of pyruvate kinase, termed Tumor M2-PK, is increased in some human cancers. This study evaluates the potential role of pre-operative Tumor M2-PK as a marker of prognosis in patients with pancreatic malignancy. Methods Seventy-three consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of pancreatic or peri-ampullary cancer were enrolled. Their median (range) age was 66 (23–83) years. Pre-operative samples of venous blood were taken for analysis of Tumor M2-PK. The full study protocol was approved by the North West Research Ethics Committee (protocol number 06/MRE08/69). Results The mean (standard deviation) plasma Tumor M2-PK in pancreatic/peri-ampullary malignancy was 60.3 (106.5) U/ml and 22 U/ml (SD: 12 U/ml) in benign disease (p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that Tumor M2-PK (> 27 U/mL), Ca19-9 (> 39 U/ml), resection status, and disease stage were associated with poorer survival. Tumor M2-PK values greater than 27 U/ml were associated with inferior survival compared to those with lower values (hazard ratio 2.049, significantly increased risk of death, p = 0.042). Conclusion This preliminary study shows that an elevated level of Tumor M2-PK (with a cutoff threshold of 27 U/mL) measured pre-operatively is associated with poorer prognosis in patients with pancreatic and peri-ampullary cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12957-018-1360-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indika A Bandara
- Regional Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Minas Baltatzis
- Regional Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Sudip Sanyal
- Regional Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Ajith K Siriwardena
- Regional Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK. .,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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32
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Wu J, Hu L, Wu F, Zou L, He T. Poor prognosis of hexokinase 2 overexpression in solid tumors of digestive system: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32332-32344. [PMID: 28415659 PMCID: PMC5458288 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Several previous studies have reported the prognostic value of hexokinase 2 (HK2) in digestive system tumors. However, these studies were limited by the small sample sizes and the results were inconsistent among them. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis based on 15 studies with 1932 patients to assess the relationship between HK2 overexpression and overall survival (OS) of digestive system malignancies. The relationship of HK2 and clinicopathological features was also evaluated. Hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to estimate the effect size. Positive HK2 expression showed poor OS in all tumor types (HR = 1.75 [1.41-2.18], P < 0.001). When stratified by tumor type, the impact of HK2 overexpression on poor prognosis was observed in gastric cancer (HR = 1.77 [1.25-2.50], P < 0.001), hepatocellular carcinoma (HR = 1.87 [1.58-2.21], P < 0.001), and colorectal cancer (HR = 2.89 [1.62-5.15], P < 0.001), but not in pancreatic ductal adencarcinoma (HR = 1.11 [0.58-2.11], P = 0.763). Furthermore, high HK2 expression was significantly associated with some phenotypes of tumor aggressiveness, such as large tumor size (OR = 2.03 [1.10-3.74], P = 0.024), positive lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.05 [1.39-3.02], P < 0.001), advanced clinical stage (OR = 2.17 [1.21-3.89], P = 0.009) and high alpha fetoprotein level (OR = 1.47 [1.09-2.02] P = 0.013). In summary, HK2 might act as a prognostic indicator and a potential therapeutic target of these digestive system cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Wu
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China.,Nutritional Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liren Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenping Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Oncology Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Taiping He
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
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33
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Hsu MC, Hung WC. Pyruvate kinase M2 fuels multiple aspects of cancer cells: from cellular metabolism, transcriptional regulation to extracellular signaling. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:35. [PMID: 29455645 PMCID: PMC5817853 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0791-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Originally identified as a metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP in the glycolytic pathway, pyruvate kinase M2-type (PKM2) has been shown to exhibit novel biological activities in the nucleus and outside the cells. Although cell-based studies reveal new non-canonical functions of PKM2 in gene transcription, epigenetic modulation and cell cycle progression, the importance of these non-canonical functions in PKM2-mediated tumorigenesis is still under debate because studies in genetically modified mice do not consistently echo the findings observed in cultured cancer cells. In addition to regulation of gene expression, the existence of PKM2 in exosomes opens a new venue to study the potential role of this glycolytic enzyme in cell-cell communication and extracellular signal initiation. In this review, we briefly summarize current understanding of PKM2 in metabolic switch and gene regulation. We will then emphasize recent progress of PKM2 in extracellular signaling and tumor microenvironment reprogramming. Finally, the discrepancy of some PKM2’s functions in vitro and in vivo, and the application of PKM2 in cancer detection and treatment will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chuan Hsu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 367, Shengli Road, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Hung
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 367, Shengli Road, Tainan, 704, Taiwan. .,Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 802, Taiwan.
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34
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Zhu H, Luo H, Zhu X, Hu X, Zheng L, Zhu X. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) expression correlates with prognosis in solid cancers: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:1628-1640. [PMID: 27911861 PMCID: PMC5352083 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is the key enzyme in the Warburg effect and plays a central role in cancer cell metabolic reprogramming. Recently, quite a few studies have investigated the correlation between PKM2 expression and prognosis in multiple cancer patients, but results were inconsistent. We therefore performed a meta-analysis to explore the prognostic value of PKM2 expression in patients with solid cancer. Here twenty-seven individual studies from 25 publications with a total of 4796 cases were included to explore the association between PKM2 and overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS)/ progression-free survival (PFS)/ recurrent-free survival (RFS) in subjects with solid cancer. Pooled analysis showed that high levels of PKM2 was significantly associated with a poorer overall survival (HR = 1.73; 95%CI = 1.48-2.03) and DFS/ PFS/ RFS (HR = 1.90; 95%CI = 1.39-2.59) irrespective of cancer types. Different analysis models (univariate or multivariate models), sample-sizes (≤100 or >100), and methods for data collection (direct extraction or indirect extraction) had no impact on the negative prognostic effect of PKM2 over-expression. Nevertheless, stratified by cancer type, high-expression of PKM2 was associated with an unfavorable OS in breast cancer, esophageal squamous carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and gallbladder cancer; whereas was not correlated with a worse OS in pancreatic cancer and gastric cancer. In conclusion, over-expression of PKM2 is associated with poor prognosis in most solid cancers and it might be a potentially useful biomarker for predicting cancer prognosis in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xuejie Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Lihong Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
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Wang H, Peng R, Chen X, Jia R, Huang C, Huang Y, Xia L, Guo G. Effect of HK2, PKM2 and LDHA on Cetuximab efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5553-5560. [PMID: 29552193 PMCID: PMC5840691 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although hexokinase (HK) 2, pyruvate kinase muscle (PKM) isozyme 2 and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) A predict the efficacy of medicines in various solid tumors, their ability to predict the efficacy of cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains unclear. mCRC patients with pathological specimens who received cetuximab and chemotherapy from 2005 to 2015 in the present institution were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect HK2, PKM2 and LDHA expression. SPSS20 was used for statistical analysis. A total of 68 patients were included; 33 received cetuximab plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy, and the rest, as second- or later-line therapy. HK2 expression levels were increased in cancer compared with normal tissue (75.4% vs. 40%; P<0.001), however PKM2 (P=0.243) and LDHA (P=0.067) expression levels were not. For progression-free survival (PFS) with first-line cetuximab plus chemotherapy, patients with high HK2 expression exhibited longer PFS compared with those with low HK2 expression (23.9 months vs. 6.9 months; P=0.021). However, this positive association was absent in 35 cases administered first-line chemotherapy alone (13.4 months vs. 13.5 months; P=0.539). LDHA expression was associated with the PFS of patients receiving first-line chemotherapy (18.3 and 10.1 months for high and low expression, respectively; P=0.005), whereas this association was absent in cetuximab plus chemotherapy cases (19.9 months vs. 12 months; P=0.522). Furthermore, high LDHA expression correlated with high overall response rate (ORR) (72.2% vs. 15.4%, P=0.006) for chemotherapy, however not disease control rate (DCR) (P=0.074). Neither DCR nor ORR were associated with HK2 expression. PKM2 expression did not affect PFS, DCR or ORR. LDHA expression (P=0.005), pathological differentiation (P=0.019) and synchronous/metachronous metastasis (P=0.014) were independent predictive factors of PFS for all first-line patients, and tumor differentiation (P=0.002) was associated with overall survival (OS) in multivariate analysis. HK2, PKM2 and LDHA did not impact OS. It was concluded that HK2 expression was increased in colorectal cancer tissue and may predict cetuximab efficacy and LDHA for chemotherapy treatment of mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohua Wang
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Roujun Peng
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Xiuxing Chen
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Rui Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Radiation Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Chunyue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Radiation Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Liangping Xia
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Guifang Guo
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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Mao X, Zhu H, Luo D, Ye L, Yin H, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Capsaicin inhibits glycolysis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating hexokinase‑2 expression. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:6116-6121. [PMID: 29436634 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin is a principal component of hot red peppers and chili peppers. Previous studies have reported that capsaicin exhibits antitumor functions in a variety of tumor models. Although various mechanisms underlying the capsaicin‑mediated inhibition of tumor growth have been demonstrated, the impact of capsaicin on tumor metabolism has rarely been reported. The present study demonstrated that capsaicin exhibited an inhibitory effect on tumor glycolysis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. Following treatment with capsaicin, glucose consumption and lactate production in ESCC cells was decreased. Capsaicin resulted in a decrease of hexokinase‑2 (HK‑2) expression, which is known for its important role in tumor glycolysis. Further investigations demonstrated that phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression was increased in ESCC cells treated with capsaicin, and that the RAC‑α serine threonine‑protein kinase signaling pathway was downregulated. In PTEN‑knockdown KYSE150 cells, the decrease in HK‑2 and inhibition of glycolysis caused by capsaicin was attenuated, which suggested that the impact of capsaicin on tumor metabolism was associated with its effect on PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Hongyuan Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Dinghai Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Liping Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Huifei Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Jinshun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
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Ha JH, Radhakrishnan R, Jayaraman M, Yan M, Ward JD, Fung KM, Moxley K, Sood AK, Isidoro C, Mukherjee P, Song YS, Dhanasekaran DN. LPA Induces Metabolic Reprogramming in Ovarian Cancer via a Pseudohypoxic Response. Cancer Res 2018; 78:1923-1934. [PMID: 29386184 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although hypoxia has been shown to reprogram cancer cells toward glycolytic shift, the identity of extrinsic stimuli that induce metabolic reprogramming independent of hypoxia, especially in ovarian cancer, is largely unknown. In this study, we use patient-derived ovarian cancer cells and high-grade serous ovarian cancer cell lines to demonstrate that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid growth factor and GPCR ligand whose levels are substantially increased in ovarian cancer patients, triggers glycolytic shift in ovarian cancer cells. Inhibition of the G protein α-subunit Gαi2 disrupted LPA-stimulated aerobic glycolysis. LPA stimulated a pseudohypoxic response via Rac-mediated activation of NADPH oxidase and generation of reactive oxygen species, resulting in activation of HIF1α. HIF1α in turn induced expression of glucose transporter-1 and the glycolytic enzyme hexokinase-2 (HKII). Treatment of mice bearing ovarian cancer xenografts with an HKII inhibitor, 3-bromopyruvate, attenuated tumor growth and conferred a concomitant survival advantage. These studies reveal a critical role for LPA in metabolic reprogramming of ovarian cancer cells and identify this node as a promising therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.Significance: These findings establish LPA as a potential therapeutic target in ovarian cancer, revealing its role in the activation of HIF1α-mediated metabolic reprogramming in this disease. Cancer Res; 78(8); 1923-34. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hee Ha
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | | | - Muralidharan Jayaraman
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Mingda Yan
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jeremy D Ward
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Kar-Ming Fung
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Katherine Moxley
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, and the Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Danny N Dhanasekaran
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. .,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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Pyruvate kinase M2 promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma invasion and metastasis through phosphorylation and stabilization of PAK2 protein. Oncogene 2018; 37:1730-1742. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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39
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罗 起, 符 黄, 黄 海, 黄 华, 罗 琨, 李 传, 覃 成, 栗 学, 罗 宏, 王 俊, 唐 乾. [Small interfering RNA-mediated α-enolase knockdown suppresses glycolysis and proliferation of human glioma U251 cells in vitro]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:1484-1488. [PMID: 29180328 PMCID: PMC6779634 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.11.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of α-enolase (ENO1) in regulating glucose metabolism and cell growth in human glioma cells. METHODS Glucose uptake and lactate generation were assessed to evaluate the changes in glucose metabolism in human glioma U251 cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated ENO1 knockdown. MTT assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining were used to examine the cell growth and cell cycle changes following siRNA transfection of the cells. RESULTS Transfection of U251 cells with siRNA-ENO1 markedly reduced glucose uptake (P=0.023) and lactate generation (P=0.007) in the cells and resulted in significant suppression of cell proliferation (*P<0.05) since the second day following the transfection. Transfection with siRNA-ENO1 also obviously suppressed cell cycle G1/S transition in the cells (P=0.0425). The expressions of HK2 and LDHA, the marker genes for glucose metabolism, were significantly down-regulated in the cells with siRNA-mediated ENO1 knockdown. CONCLUSION ENO1 as a potential oncogene promotes glioma cell growth by positively modulating glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- 起胜 罗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
- 湖南中医药大学中西医结合学院,湖南 长沙 410208College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, Changsha 410208, China
| | - 黄德 符
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 海能 黄
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 华东 黄
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 琨祥 罗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 传玉 李
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 成箭 覃
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 学玉 栗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 宏成 罗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 检验科,广西 百色 533000Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 俊利 王
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 检验科,广西 百色 533000Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 乾利 唐
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 外科,广西 百色 533000Department of Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
- 湖南中医药大学中西医结合学院,湖南 长沙 410208College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, Changsha 410208, China
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40
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罗 起, 符 黄, 黄 海, 黄 华, 罗 琨, 李 传, 覃 成, 栗 学, 罗 宏, 王 俊, 唐 乾. [Small interfering RNA-mediated α-enolase knockdown suppresses glycolysis and proliferation of human glioma U251 cells in vitro]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:1484-1488. [PMID: 29180328 PMCID: PMC6779634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of α-enolase (ENO1) in regulating glucose metabolism and cell growth in human glioma cells. METHODS Glucose uptake and lactate generation were assessed to evaluate the changes in glucose metabolism in human glioma U251 cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated ENO1 knockdown. MTT assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining were used to examine the cell growth and cell cycle changes following siRNA transfection of the cells. RESULTS Transfection of U251 cells with siRNA-ENO1 markedly reduced glucose uptake (P=0.023) and lactate generation (P=0.007) in the cells and resulted in significant suppression of cell proliferation (*P<0.05) since the second day following the transfection. Transfection with siRNA-ENO1 also obviously suppressed cell cycle G1/S transition in the cells (P=0.0425). The expressions of HK2 and LDHA, the marker genes for glucose metabolism, were significantly down-regulated in the cells with siRNA-mediated ENO1 knockdown. CONCLUSION ENO1 as a potential oncogene promotes glioma cell growth by positively modulating glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- 起胜 罗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
- 湖南中医药大学中西医结合学院,湖南 长沙 410208College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, Changsha 410208, China
| | - 黄德 符
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 海能 黄
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 华东 黄
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 琨祥 罗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 传玉 李
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 成箭 覃
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 学玉 栗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 宏成 罗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 检验科,广西 百色 533000Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 俊利 王
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 检验科,广西 百色 533000Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 乾利 唐
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 外科,广西 百色 533000Department of Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
- 湖南中医药大学中西医结合学院,湖南 长沙 410208College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, Changsha 410208, China
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Metformin alleviates nickel-induced autophagy and apoptosis via inhibition of hexokinase-2, activating lipocalin-2, in human bronchial epithelial cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105536-105552. [PMID: 29285270 PMCID: PMC5739657 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular recycling and degradation process for regulating tumor progression, survival and drug resistance. Nickel compounds have been identified as human carcinogens. However, the role of nickel-induced autophagy in lung carcinogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we determined that hexokinase 2 (HK2), which phosphorylates glucose and regulates autophagy, is the key mediator in nickel-induced autophagy in lung bronchial epithelial cells. We attempted to investigate the effects of the antidiabetic drug metformin on HK2 expression and lung cancer chemoprevention. Our results showed that metformin decreases nickel-induced autophagy and activation of apoptosis through inhibition of HK2 gene, protein and activity. Furthermore, we demonstrated that lipocalin 2 (LCN2), which is released by neutrophils at sites of infection and inflammation is involved in HK2-driven autophagy pathway. Knockdown of endogenous HK2 and LCN2 by shRNA reduced nickel-elicited autophagy and apoptosis, illustrating that metabolic alteration and inflammatory action are important in nickel-elicited carcinogenesis. We also determined the association between nickel-induced autophagy and apoptosis. Inhibition of nickel-induced autophagy abolished apoptotic cell death in chloroquine-treated, shLC3 Beas-2B cells and Atg5−/− MFFs. From TGCA database and immunohistochemistry analysis, HK2 and LCN2 expression increased in lung squamous cell carcinoma and their related adjacent normal tissues. Taken together, our results demonstrated that metformin alleviates NiCl2-induced autophagy and apoptosis via HK2-driven LCN2 activation in human bronchial epithelial cells. This novel mechanism provides a strategy for targeting nickel-elicited lung cancer progression, as well as for preventing HK2 cumulative damage triggered by environmental carcinogens.
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Teoh ST, Lunt SY. Metabolism in cancer metastasis: bioenergetics, biosynthesis, and beyond. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 10. [DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shao Thing Teoh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University; East Lansing MI USA
| | - Sophia Y. Lunt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University; East Lansing MI USA
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43
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Anderson M, Marayati R, Moffitt R, Yeh JJ. Hexokinase 2 promotes tumor growth and metastasis by regulating lactate production in pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:56081-56094. [PMID: 28915575 PMCID: PMC5593546 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a KRAS-driven cancer with a high incidence of metastasis and an overall poor prognosis. Previous work in a genetically engineered mouse model of PDAC showed glucose metabolism to be important for maintaining tumor growth. Multiple glycolytic enzymes, including hexokinase 2 (HK2), were upregulated in primary PDAC patient tumors, supporting a role for glycolysis in promoting human disease. HK2 was most highly expressed in PDAC metastases, suggesting a link between HK2 and aggressive tumor biology. In support of this we found HK2 expression to be associated with shorter overall survival in PDAC patients undergoing curative surgery. Transient and stable knockdown of HK2 in primary PDAC cell lines decreased lactate production, anchorage independent growth (AIG) and invasion through a reconstituted matrix. Conversely, stable overexpression of HK2 increased lactate production, cell proliferation, AIG and invasion. Pharmacologic inhibition of lactate production reduced the HK2-driven increase in invasion while addition of extracellular lactate enhanced invasion, together providing a link between glycolytic activity and metastatic potential. Stable knockdown of HK2 decreased primary tumor growth in cell line xenografts and decreased incidence of lung metastasis after tail vein injection. Gene expression analysis of tumors with decreased HK2 expression showed alterations in VEGF-A signaling, a pathway important for angiogenesis and metastasis, consistent with a requirement of HK2 in promoting metastasis. Overall our data provides strong evidence for the role of HK2 in promoting PDAC disease progression, suggesting that direct inhibition of HK2 may be a promising approach in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marybeth Anderson
- Curriculum in Genetics & Molecular Biology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Raoud Marayati
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Richard Moffitt
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jen Jen Yeh
- Curriculum in Genetics & Molecular Biology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
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Nagarajan A, Dogra SK, Sun L, Gandotra N, Ho T, Cai G, Cline G, Kumar P, Cowles RA, Wajapeyee N. Paraoxonase 2 Facilitates Pancreatic Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Stimulating GLUT1-Mediated Glucose Transport. Mol Cell 2017; 67:685-701.e6. [PMID: 28803777 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic deregulation is a hallmark of human cancers, and the glycolytic and glutamine metabolism pathways were shown to be deregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). To identify new metabolic regulators of PDAC tumor growth and metastasis, we systematically knocked down metabolic genes that were overexpressed in human PDAC tumor samples using short hairpin RNAs. We found that p53 transcriptionally represses paraoxonase 2 (PON2), which regulates GLUT1-mediated glucose transport via stomatin. The loss of PON2 initiates the cellular starvation response and activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In turn, AMPK activates FOXO3A and its transcriptional target, PUMA, which induces anoikis to suppress PDAC tumor growth and metastasis. Pharmacological or genetic activation of AMPK, similar to PON2 inhibition, blocks PDAC tumor growth. Collectively, our results identify PON2 as a new modulator of glucose transport that regulates a pharmacologically tractable pathway necessary for PDAC tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvindhan Nagarajan
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Shaillay Kumar Dogra
- Singapore Institute of Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Brenner Center for Molecular Medicine, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Lisha Sun
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Neeru Gandotra
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Thuy Ho
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Guoping Cai
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Gary Cline
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Priti Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Robert A Cowles
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Narendra Wajapeyee
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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Bernier M, Catazaro J, Singh NS, Wnorowski A, Boguszewska-Czubara A, Jozwiak K, Powers R, Wainer IW. GPR55 receptor antagonist decreases glycolytic activity in PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell line and tumor xenografts. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:2131-2142. [PMID: 28741686 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The Warburg effect is a predominant metabolic pathway in cancer cells characterized by enhanced glucose uptake and its conversion to l-lactate and is associated with upregulated expression of HIF-1α and activation of the EGFR-MEK-ERK, Wnt-β-catenin, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. (R,R')-4'-methoxy-1-naphthylfenoterol ((R,R')-MNF) significantly reduces proliferation, survival, and motility of PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of the GPR55 receptor. We examined (R,R')-MNF's effect on glycolysis in PANC-1 cells and tumors. Global NMR metabolomics was used to elucidate differences in the metabolome between untreated and (R,R')-MNF-treated cells. LC/MS analysis was used to quantify intracellular concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate, carnitine, and l-lactate. Changes in target protein expression were determined by Western blot analysis. Data was also obtained from mouse PANC-1 tumor xenografts after administration of (R,R')-MNF. Metabolomics data indicate that (R,R')-MNF altered fatty acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and amino acid metabolism and increased intracellular concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate and carnitine while reducing l-lactate content. The cellular content of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 and hexokinase 2 was reduced consistent with diminished PI3K-AKT signaling and glucose metabolism. The presence of the GLUT8 transporter was established and found to be attenuated by (R,R')-MNF. Mice treated with (R,R')-MNF had significant accumulation of l-lactate in tumor tissue relative to vehicle-treated mice, together with reduced levels of the selective l-lactate transporter MCT4. Lower intratumoral levels of EGFR, pyruvate kinase M2, β-catenin, hexokinase 2, and p-glycoprotein were also observed. The data suggest that (R,R')-MNF reduces glycolysis in PANC-1 cells and tumors through reduced expression and function at multiple controlling sites in the glycolytic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224
| | - Jonathan Catazaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304
| | - Nagendra S Singh
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224
| | - Artur Wnorowski
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, 20-093, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Jozwiak
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, 20-093, Poland
| | - Robert Powers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304
| | - Irving W Wainer
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224.,Mitchell Woods Pharmaceuticals, Shelton, CT, 06484
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46
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Nahm JH, Kim HM, Koo JS. Glycolysis-related protein expression in thyroid cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317695922. [PMID: 28347233 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317695922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to demonstrate the differences in the expression of glucose metabolism-related proteins according to the thyroid cancer subtypes and investigate the implications of these differences. A total of 566 thyroid cancer patients, including 342 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma, 112 cases of follicular carcinoma, 70 cases of medullary carcinoma, 23 cases of poorly differentiated carcinoma, 19 cases of anaplastic carcinoma, and 152 cases of follicular adenoma, were enrolled in the study. Immunohistochemical staining for glucose transporter 1, hexokinase II, carbonic anhydrase IX, and monocarbonylate transporter 4 was performed, and the relationship between immunoreactivity and clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. Glucose transporter 1 and tumoral monocarbonylate transporter 4 expression levels were shown to be the highest in anaplastic carcinoma, and medullary carcinoma showed the highest carbonic anhydrase IX and lowest hexokinase II levels compared with other subtypes. Stromal expression of monocarbonylate transporter 4 was observed in papillary thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic carcinoma samples. Conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma tumors expressed higher levels of glucose transporter 1, and tumoral and stromal monocarbonylate transporter 4, than the follicular variant, which showed a higher expression of carbonic anhydrase IX. Papillary thyroid carcinoma samples with BRAF V600E mutation were shown to have higher glucose transporter 1, hexokinase II, carbonic anhydrase IX, and tumoral monocarbonylate transporter 4 expression levels. Univariate analysis showed that papillary thyroid carcinoma cases with glucose transporter 1 positivity had shorter overall survival, patients with medullary carcinoma and hexokinase II positivity were shown to have a shorter disease-free survival and overall survival, and tumoral monocarbonylate transporter 4 positivity was associated with shorter overall survival compared with papillary thyroid carcinoma patients with negativity for each marker. Disease-free survival and overall survival of patients with poorly differentiated carcinoma were shown to be significantly decreased when glucose transporter 1 and tumoral monocarbonylate transporter 4 are expressed. We demonstrated that the expression levels of glycolysis-related proteins differ between thyroid cancer subtypes and are correlated with poorer prognosis, depending on the subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hae Nahm
- Severance Hospital and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Min Kim
- Severance Hospital and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ja Seung Koo
- Severance Hospital and Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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47
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Kudryavtseva AV, Fedorova MS, Zhavoronkov A, Moskalev AA, Zasedatelev AS, Dmitriev AA, Sadritdinova AF, Karpova IY, Nyushko KM, Kalinin DV, Volchenko NN, Melnikova NV, Klimina KM, Sidorov DV, Popov AY, Nasedkina TV, Kaprin AD, Alekseev BY, Krasnov GS, Snezhkina AV. Effect of lentivirus-mediated shRNA inactivation of HK1, HK2, and HK3 genes in colorectal cancer and melanoma cells. BMC Genet 2016; 17:156. [PMID: 28105937 PMCID: PMC5249010 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-016-0459-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis in proliferating cancer cells, even under aerobic conditions, has been shown first in 1926 by Otto Warburg. Today this phenomenon is known as the “Warburg effect” and recognized as a hallmark of cancer. The metabolic shift to glycolysis is associated with the alterations in signaling pathways involved in energy metabolism, including glucose uptake and fermentation, and regulation of mitochondrial functions. Hexokinases (HKs), which catalyze the first step of glycolysis, have been identified to play a role in tumorigenesis of human colorectal cancer (CRC) and melanoma. However, the mechanism of action of HKs in the promotion of tumor growth remains unclear. Results The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of silencing of hexokinase genes (HK1, HK2, and HK3) in colorectal cancer (HT-29, SW 480, HCT-15, RKO, and HCT 116) and melanoma (MDA-MB-435S and SK-MEL-28) cell lines using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) lentiviral vectors. shRNA lentiviral plasmid vectors pLSLP-HK1, pLSLP-HK2, and pLSLP-HK3 were constructed and then transfected separately or co-transfected into the cells. HK2 inactivation was associated with increased expression of HK1 in colorectal cancer cell lines pointing to the compensation effect. Simultaneous attenuation of HK1 and HK2 levels led to decreased cell viability. Co-transfection with shRNA vectors against HK1, HK2, and HK3 mRNAs resulted in a rapid cell death via apoptosis. Conclusions We have demonstrated that simultaneous inactivation of HK1 and HK2 was sufficient to decrease proliferation and viability of melanoma and colorectal cancer cells. Our results suggest that HK1 and HK2 could be the key therapeutic targets for reducing aerobic glycolysis in examined cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. .,National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Maria S Fedorova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine, Inc., Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University Eastern Campus, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexey A Moskalev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Alexander S Zasedatelev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Asiya F Sadritdinova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Y Karpova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill M Nyushko
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Nadezhda N Volchenko
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya V Melnikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kseniya M Klimina
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Sidorov
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Tatiana V Nasedkina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey D Kaprin
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Y Alekseev
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - George S Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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48
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Zheng J, Wang L, Peng Z, Yang Y, Feng D, He J. Low level of PDZ domain containing 1 (PDZK1) predicts poor clinical outcome in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. EBioMedicine 2016; 15:62-72. [PMID: 27993630 PMCID: PMC5233812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most lethal neoplasm of the urologic system. Clinical therapeutic effect varies greatly between individual ccRCC patients, so there is an urgent need to develop prognostic molecular biomarkers to help clinicians identify patients in need of early aggressive management. In this study, samples from primary ccRCC tumor and their corresponding nontumor adjacent tissues (n=18) were analyzed by quantitative proteomic assay. Proteins downregulated in tumors were studied by GO and KEGG pathways enrichment analyses. Six proteins were found both downregulated and annotated with cell proliferation in ccRCC patients. Of these proteins, PDZK1 and FABP1 were also involved in the lipid metabolism pathway. The downregulation of PDZK1 was further validated in TCGA_KIRC dataset (n=532) and independent set (n=202). PDZK1 could discriminate recurrence, metastasis and prognosis between ccRCC patients. Low level of PDZK1 in both mRNA and protein was associated with reduced overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in two independent sets. In univariate and multivariate analyses, PDZK1 was defined as an independent prognostic factor for both OS and DFS. These findings indicated that low level of PDZK1 could predict poor clinical outcome in patients with ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on China-UK Cancer Research, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhiqiang Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Core Facilities Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Duiping Feng
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Junqi He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on China-UK Cancer Research, Beijing 100069, China.
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49
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Liu Y, Wu K, Shi L, Xiang F, Tao K, Wang G. Prognostic Significance of the Metabolic Marker Hexokinase-2 in Various Solid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166230. [PMID: 27824926 PMCID: PMC5100994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Recently, numerous studies have reported that hexokinase-2 (HK2) is aberrantly expressed in cancer, indicating that HK2 plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of cancer. However, its prognostic significance in solid tumor remains unclear. Accordingly, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the prognostic value of HK2 in solid tumor. Methods Eligible studies were identified using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS)/disease-free survival (DFS)/relapse-free survival (RFS) were estimated with random effects or fixed effects models, respectively. Subgroup analysis was also performed according to patients’ ethnicities, tumor types, detection methods, and analysis types. Results Data from 21 included studies with 2532 patients were summarized. HK2 overexpression was significantly associated with worse OS (pooled HR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.51–2.38, p < 0.001) and PFS (pooled HR = 2.91, 95% CI = 2.02–4.22, p < 0.001) in solid tumor. As to a specific form of cancer, the negative effect of HK2 on OS was observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (pooled HR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.67–2.54, p < 0.001), gastric cancer (pooled HR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.09–2.71, p = 0.020), colorectal cancer (pooled HR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.62–5.16, p < 0.001), but not in pancreatic cancer (pooled HR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.28–4.66, p = 0.864). No publication bias was found in the included studies for OS (Begg’s test, p = 0.325; Egger’s test, p = 0.441). Conclusion In this meta-analysis, we identified that elevated HK2 expression was significantly associated with shorter OS and PFS in patients with solid tumor, but the association varies according to cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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50
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Zubair H, Azim S, Srivastava SK, Ahmad A, Bhardwaj A, Khan MA, Patel GK, Arora S, Carter JE, Singh S, Singh AP. Glucose Metabolism Reprogrammed by Overexpression of IKKε Promotes Pancreatic Tumor Growth. Cancer Res 2016; 76:7254-7264. [PMID: 27923829 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of the kinase IKKε in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been associated with poor prognosis. In this study, we define a pathobiologic function for IKKε in reprogramming glucose metabolism and driving progression in PDAC. Silencing IKKε in PDAC cells, which overexpressed it endogenously, was sufficient to reduce malignant cell growth, clonogenic potential, glucose consumption, lactate secretion, and expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism, without impacting the basal oxygen consumption rate. IKKε silencing also attenuated c-Myc in a manner associated with diminished signaling through an AKT/GSK3β/c-MYC phosphorylation cascade that promoted MYC nuclear accumulation. In an orthotopic mouse model, IKKε-silenced PDAC exhibited a relative reduction in glucose uptake, tumorigenicity, and metastasis. Overall, our findings offer a preclinical mechanistic rationale to target IKKε to improve the therapeutic management of PDAC in patients. Cancer Res; 76(24); 7254-64. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Zubair
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Shafquat Azim
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Arun Bhardwaj
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Mohammad Aslam Khan
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Girijesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Sumit Arora
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - James Elliot Carter
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
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