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Sam S, S S, Girish Kumar K. Lysozyme functionalized silver nanoclusters as a dual channel optical sensor for the effective determination of glutathione. Talanta 2024; 277:126326. [PMID: 38820825 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
This article describes the development of a facile and efficient fluorescence sensor for the determination of glutathione (GSH). Presence of the antioxidant glutathione in blood serum is considered as a biomarker for catastrophe like colorectal cancer. Silver nanoclusters with strong fluorescence and good water solubility synthesized from relatively cheaper precursors are one of the species very much explored in fluorescence sensors and bioimaging. Here, Chicken egg derived-lysozyme functionalized silver nanoclusters (Lyz AgNCs) with red fluorescence emission has been synthesized and developed to a turn-off fluorescence sensor for GSH through which colorimetric determination is also possible. Due to the ground state 'Ag-S' interaction between Lyz AgNCs and GSH, the determination of the analyte is possible from 1.00 × 10-5 M to 1.00 × 10-6 M via fluorimetric and from 9.00 × 10-6 to 8.00 × 10-7 M via spectrophotometric techniques with a limit of detection 2.86 × 10-7 M and 4.76 × 10-7 M, respectively. Selectivity of the sensor has been studied and applicability of the sensor in artificial blood serum samples has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sam
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Swathy S
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India
| | - K Girish Kumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India.
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Perecko T, Pereckova J, Hoferova Z, Falk M. Cell-type specific anti-cancerous effects of nitro-oleic acid and its combination with gamma irradiation. Biol Chem 2024; 405:177-187. [PMID: 37712609 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitro-fatty acids (NFAs) are endogenous lipid mediators capable of post-translational modifications of selected regulatory proteins. Here, we investigated the anti-cancerous effects of nitro-oleic acid (NO2OA) and its combination with gamma irradiation on different cancer cell lines. The effects of NO2OA on cell death, cell cycle distribution, or expression of p21 and cyclin D1 proteins were analyzed in cancer (A-549, HT-29 and FaDu) or normal cell lines (HGF, HFF-1). Dose enhancement ratio at 50 % survival fraction (DERIC50) was calculated for samples pre-treated with NO2OA followed by gamma irradiation. NO2OA suppressed viability and induced apoptotic cell death. These effects were cell line specific but not in general selective for cancer cells. HT-29 cell line exerted higher sensitivity toward NO2OA treatment among cancer cell lines tested: induction of cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase was associated with an increase in p21 and a decrease in cyclin D1 expression. Pre-treatment of HT-29 cells with NO2OA prior irradiation showed a significantly increased DERIC50, demonstrating radiosensitizing effects. In conclusion, NO2OA exhibited potential for combined chemoradiotherapy. Our results encourage the development of new NFAs with improved features for cancer chemoradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Perecko
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Pereckova
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Hoferova
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Falk
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Brzozowa-Zasada M, Piecuch A, Bajdak-Rusinek K, Michalski M, Klymenko O, Matysiak N, Janelt K, Czuba Z. Glutathione Reductase Expression and Its Prognostic Significance in Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1097. [PMID: 38256170 PMCID: PMC10816751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintaining a balanced redox state within cells is crucial for the sustenance of life. The process involves continuous cytosolic disulfide reduction reactions to restore oxidized proteins to their reduced thiol forms. There are two main cellular antioxidant pathways-the thioredoxin (Trx) and glutathione (GSH)/glutaredoxin (Grx) systems. In the GSH/Grx system, glutathione reductase (GR; GSR) catalyses the reduction of GSH disulfide (GSSG) to its sulfhydryl form (GSH), which can then further reduce oxidized Grxs. GR is an essential enzyme that helps in maintaining the supply of reduced glutathione-GSH, which is a significant reducing thiol found in most cells and known for its antioxidant properties. Therefore, it can have a significant impact on cancer development. To investigate this further, we performed an immunohistochemical analysis of GR protein expression in colon adenocarcinoma samples collected from patients with primary colon adenocarcinoma (stage I and II) and patients with metastasis to regional lymph nodes (stage III). The results of our study revealed a significant relationship between the immunohistochemical expression of GR and tumour histological grade, depth of invasion, regional lymph node involvement, staging, and PCNA immunohistochemical expression. It was found that 95% of patients with stage I had low levels of GR expression, whereas 89% of patients with stage III had high levels of immunohistochemical expression. A high level of expression was also detected in the patients with stage II of the disease, where almost 63% were characterized by a high expression of GR. The Western blot method revealed that the highest level of expression was found in the LS 174T cell line, which corresponds to stage II. The results of our study indicate that the immunohistochemical expression of GR may act as an independent prognostic factor associated with colon adenocarcinoma patients' prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Brzozowa-Zasada
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Adam Piecuch
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Bajdak-Rusinek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marek Michalski
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Zabrze Silesian Nanomicroscopy Centre in Zabrze, Silesia LabMed—Research and Implementation Centre, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Olesya Klymenko
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Natalia Matysiak
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Kamil Janelt
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Zenon Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
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Brzozowa-Zasada M, Piecuch A, Bajdak-Rusinek K, Gołąbek K, Michalski M, Matysiak N, Czuba Z. A Prognostic Activity of Glutaredoxin 1 Protein (Grx1) in Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1007. [PMID: 38256082 PMCID: PMC10816104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1) is an essential enzyme that regulates redox signal transduction and repairs protein oxidation by reversing S-glutathionylation, an oxidative modification of protein cysteine residues. Grx1 removes glutathione from proteins to restore their reduced state (protein-SH) and regulate protein-SSG levels in redox signaling networks. Thus, it can exert an influence on the development of cancer. To further investigate this problem, we performed an analysis of Grx1 expression in colon adenocarcinoma samples from the Polish population of patients with primary colon adenocarcinoma (stages I and II of colon cancer) and those with regional lymph node metastasis (stage III of colon cancer). Our study revealed a significant correlation between the expression of Grx1 protein through immunohistochemical analysis and various clinical characteristics of patients, such as histological grade, depth of invasion, angioinvasion, staging, regional lymph node invasion, and PCNA expression. It was found that almost 88% of patients with stage I had high levels of Grx1 expression, while only 1% of patients with stage III exhibited high levels of Grx1 protein expression. Furthermore, the study discovered that high levels of Grx1 expression were present in samples of colon mucosa without any pathological changes. These results were supported by in vitro analysis conducted on colorectal cancer cell lines that corresponded to stages I, II, and III of colorectal cancer, using qRT-PCR and Western blot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Brzozowa-Zasada
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Adam Piecuch
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Bajdak-Rusinek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Gołąbek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marek Michalski
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Silesian Nanomicroscopy Centre in Zabrze, Silesia LabMed—Research and Implementation Centre, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Natalia Matysiak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Zenon Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland;
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Chiang FF, Huang SC, Yu PT, Chao TH, Huang YC. Oxidative Stress Induced by Chemotherapy: Evaluation of Glutathione and Its Related Antioxidant Enzyme Dynamics in Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2023; 15:5104. [PMID: 38140363 PMCID: PMC10745799 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the mechanisms of chemotherapy is to increase the oxidative stress of cancer cells, leading to their apoptosis. Glutathione (GSH) and its related antioxidant enzymes might be stimulated to cope with increased oxidative stress during chemotherapy. Here, we studied the fluctuation in oxidative stress and GSH-related antioxidant capacities before tumor resection, after tumor resection, and after resection either with or without chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This was a cross-sectional and follow-up design. We followed patients before having tumor resection (pre-resection), one month after tumor resection (post-resection), and after the first scheduled chemotherapy (post-chemo). If patients were required to receive chemotherapy after tumor resection, they were assigned to the chemotherapy group. Eligible patients were scheduled to undergo six to twelve cycles of chemotherapy at 2-week intervals and received single, double, or triple chemotherapeutic drugs as required. Those patients who did not require chemotherapy were assigned to the non-chemotherapy group. Indicators of oxidative stress and GSH-related antioxidant capacities were determined at the above three time points. We found in 48 patients of the chemotherapy group and in 43 patients of the non-chemotherapy group different fluctuations in levels of oxidative stress indicators and GSH-related antioxidant capacities starting from pre-resection, post-resection through the post-chemo period. Both groups showed significantly or slightly increased levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), GSH, and its related enzymes in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Patients in the chemotherapy group had significantly lower plasma levels of GSH and glutathione disulfide (GSSG), but had significantly higher plasma glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities than patients in the non-chemotherapy group post-chemo. Plasma levels of malondialdehyde and AOPP were positively or negatively associated with GSH and GSSG levels post-chemo after adjustment for age, sex, and histological grading in patients receiving chemotherapy. These significant associations were, however, not seen in patients without chemotherapy. Patients with CRC may require higher GSH demands to cope with a greater oxidative stress resulting from chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Fan Chiang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chien Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.H.); (P.-T.Y.)
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ting Yu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.H.); (P.-T.Y.)
| | - Te-Hsin Chao
- Chiayi & Wanqiao Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi 60090, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Chia Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.H.); (P.-T.Y.)
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Thiolated pectin-chitosan composites: Potential mucoadhesive drug delivery system with selective cytotoxicity towards colorectal cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:1-12. [PMID: 36481327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems (DDS) may promote safer chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) by maximizing local drug distribution and residence time. Carbohydrate polymers, e.g. pectin (P) and chitosan (CS), are potential biomaterials for CRC-targeted DDS due to their gelling ability, mucoadhesive property, colonic digestibility, and anticancer activity. Polymer mucoadhesion is augmentable by thiolation, e.g. pectin to thiolated pectin (TP). Meanwhile, P-CS polyelectrolyte complex has been shown to improve structural stability. Herein, we fabricated, characterized, and evaluated 5-fluorouracil-loaded primary DDS combining TP and CS as a composite (TPCF) through triple crosslinking actions (calcium pectinate, polyelectrolyte complex, disulfide). Combination of these crosslinking yields superior mucoadhesion property relative to single- or dual-crosslinked counterparts, with comparable drug release profile and drug compatibility. PCF and TPCF exhibited targeted cytotoxicity towards HT29 CRC cells with milder cytotoxicity towards HEK293 normal cells. In conclusion, TP-CS composites are promising next-generation mucoadhesive and selectively cytotoxic biomaterials for CRC-targeted DDS.
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7
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Da D, Pan Z, Zeng L, Dang Y, Dang C, Huang Y, Shi D, Li H. Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic and its modifier function as novel immunotargets in gastric adenocarcinoma. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:143-149. [PMID: 35241341 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the expression and function of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic modifier (GCLM) in gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS Bioinformatics was used to analyze the expression of GCLC and GCLM. We download and analyzed the expression of gastric adenocarcinoma patients from TCGA database. Moreover, the method of immunochemistry was used to verify the expression of GCLC and GCLM in gastric adenocarcinoma. RESULTS At first, the expression of GCLC and GCLM in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues were both significantly higher compared with normal tissues analyzed via TCGA database. Then, gastric adenocarcinoma tissues were collected and performed with immunochemistry. The gastric adenocarcinoma with positive staining for GCLC and GCLM was 77% and 80%, respectively, which was significantly higher compared with adjacent normal tissues (9% and 11%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The disordered expression of GCLC and GCLM in gastric adenocarcinoma suggested that these factors may induce tumorigenesis and may be a novel target for diagnosis and treatment of gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhuan Da
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 204 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Zhiang Pan
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 204 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Lu Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 204 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yamei Dang
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 204 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Chunyan Dang
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 204 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yunxia Huang
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 204 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Dujuan Shi
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 204 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Hongling Li
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 204 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
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Li S, Wan Y, Li Y, Liu J, Pi F, Liu L. A Competitive "On-Off-Enhanced On" AIE Fluorescence Switch for Detecting Biothiols Based on Hg 2+ Ions and Gold Nanoclusters. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:35. [PMID: 36671870 PMCID: PMC9856123 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel "on-off-enhanced on" approach to highly sensitive rapid sensing of biothiols was developed, based on competitive modulation of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and Hg2+ ions. In our approach, the AuNCs were encapsulated into a zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF) for predesigned competitive aggregation-induced luminescence (AIE) emission. To readily operate this approach, the Hg2+ ions were selected as mediators to quench the fluorescence of AuNCs. Then, due to the stronger affinities between the interactions of Hg2+ ions with -SH groups in comparison to the AuNCs with -SH groups, the quenched probe of AuNCs@ZIF-8/Hg2+ displayed enhanced fluorescence after the Hg2+ ions were competitively interacted with -SH groups. Based on enhanced fluorescence, the probe for AuNCs@ZIF-8/Hg2+ had a sensitive and specific response to trace amounts of biothiols. The developed fluorescence strategy had limit of quantification (LOQ) values of 1.0 μM and 1.5 μM for Cys and GSH molecules in serum, respectively. This competitive AIE strategy provided a new direction for developing biological probes and a promising method for quantifying trace amounts of biothiols in serum. It could promote progress in disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuqi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinghan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Wuxi Institute of Technology, Wuxi 214122, China
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Luo L, Zhang Z, Weng Y, Zeng J. Ferroptosis-Related Gene GCLC Is a Novel Prognostic Molecular and Correlates with Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cells 2022; 11:3371. [PMID: 36359768 PMCID: PMC9657570 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a newly discovered iron-dependent type of cell death, has been found to play a crucial role in the depression of tumorigenesis. However, the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains to be further elucidated. Differential expression analysis and univariate Cox regression analysis were utilized in this study to search for FRGs that were associated with the prognosis of LUAD patients. The influences of candidate markers on LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and ferroptosis were evaluated by CCK8, colony formation, and functional experimental assays in association with ferroptosis. To predict the prognosis of LUAD patients, we constructed a predictive signature comprised of six FRGs. We discovered a critical gene (GCLC) after intersecting the prognostic analysis results of all aspects, and its high expression was associated with a bad prognosis in LUAD. Correlation research revealed that GCLC was related to a variety of clinical information from LUAD patients. At the same time, in the experimental verification, we found that GCLC expression was upregulated in LUAD cell lines, and silencing GCLC accelerated ferroptosis and decreased LUAD cell proliferation and invasion. Taken together, this study established a novel ferroptosis-related gene signature and discovered a crucial gene, GCLC, that might be a new prognostic biomarker of LUAD patients, as well as provide a potential therapeutic target for LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Yanmin Weng
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Jiayan Zeng
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
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10
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Lin Q, Liu M, Yue GGL, Cheung MK, Lai Z, Kwok FHF, Lee JKM, Wang Z, Lau CBS, Tan N. Anti-inflammatory activities of natural cyclopeptide RA-XII in colitis-associated colon cancer mouse model and its effect on gut microbiome. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2641-2659. [PMID: 35537703 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer globally, is associated with intestinal inflammation that leads to poor prognosis. RA-XII, a natural cyclopeptide, has previously been reported to possess anti-tumor activities. Here, the anti-inflammatory activities of RA-XII were investigated in colitis-associated colon cancer mice and a co-culture in vitro model, in which colon cancer cells HCT116 and macrophages RAW264.7 were grown together to mimic the inflammatory microenvironment of CRC. Changes of inflammatory-related molecules and protein expressions in cells were evaluated after RA-XII incubation. Besides, azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis-associated colon cancer mice were treated with RA-XII for 24 days, inflammatory parameters and gut microbiome alterations were studied. Our results showed that RA-XII reversed the inflammatory responses of RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS and modulated the protein expressions of AKT, STAT3/p-STAT3, P70S6K, NF-κB and GSK3β and suppressed the expression of LC3A/B in HCT116 cells in co-culture system. RA-XII treatment restored the colitis damage in colon, reduced colon tumors numbers and decreased inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α). The role of RA-XII on regulating gut microbiome was also demonstrated for the first time. In conclusion, our findings provided new scientific evidence for developing RA-XII as a potent anti-inflammatory agent for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Grace Gar-Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Man Kit Cheung
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhixing Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Frankie Hin-Fai Kwok
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Julia Kin-Ming Lee
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ninghua Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Bykanova MA, Solodilova MA, Azarova IE, Klyosova EY, Bushueva OY, Polonikova AA, Churnosov MI, Polonikov AV. Genetic variation at the catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase contributes to the susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer: a pilot study. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6145-6154. [PMID: 35386070 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione is a tripeptide detoxifying a variety of exogenous and endogenous free radicals and carcinogens, and a deficiency of glutathione is associated with an increased host susceptibility to oxidative stress, a pathological condition implicated in the development and progression of cancer. The catalytic subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCLC) is an enzyme responsible for the initial and rate-limiting step of glutathione biosynthesis. METHODS AND RESULTS The aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether genetic variation at the GCLC gene contributes to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). DNA samples from 681 unrelated Russian individuals (283 patients with CRC and 398 age- and sex-matched healthy controls) were genotyped for six common functional SNPs of the GCLC gene (SNPs) such as rs12524494, rs17883901, rs606548, rs636933, rs648595 and rs761142 of the GCLC gene using the MassARRAY-4 system. We found that genotype rs606548-C/T is significantly associated with increased risk of CRC regardless of sex and age (OR 2.24; 95% CI 1.24-4.03; P = 0.007, FDR = 0.04). Moreover, ten GCLC genotype combinations showed association with the risk of CRC (P < 0.05). Functional SNP annotation enabled establishing the CRC-associated polymorphisms are associated with a decreased GCLC expression that may be attributed to epigenetic effects of histone modifications operating in a colon-specific manner. CONCLUSIONS The present study was the first to show that genetic variation at the catalytic subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase may contribute to the risk of colorectal cancer risk. However, further genetic association studies with a larger sample size are required to substantiate the role of GCLC gene polymorphisms in the development of sporadic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Bykanova
- Laboratory of Genomic Research, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya St., Kursk, 305041, Russian Federation. .,Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, Kursk, Russian Federation, 305041.
| | - Maria A Solodilova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, Kursk, Russian Federation, 305041
| | - Iuliia E Azarova
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, Kursk, Russian Federation, 305041.,Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya St., Kursk, Russian Federation, 305041
| | - Elena Y Klyosova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, Kursk, Russian Federation, 305041.,Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya St., Kursk, Russian Federation, 305041
| | - Olga Y Bushueva
- Laboratory of Genomic Research, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya St., Kursk, 305041, Russian Federation.,Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, Kursk, Russian Federation, 305041
| | - Anna A Polonikova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, Kursk, Russian Federation, 305041
| | - Mikhail I Churnosov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 85 Pobedy Street, Belgorod, Russian Federation, 308015
| | - Alexey V Polonikov
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, Kursk, Russian Federation, 305041.,Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya St., Kursk, Russian Federation, 305041
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12
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Managing GSH elevation and hypoxia to overcome resistance of cancer therapies using functionalized nanocarriers. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Burwaiss A, Ammar M, Alghazeer R, Eljamil A, Alarbie D, Elghmasi S, Al-Griw M, Alansari WS, Shamlan G, Eskandrani AA. Tissue levels of oxidative stress markers and antioxidants in colorectal cancer patients. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-210142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of reactive oxygen species in the development of cancer has become well recognized in recent years; however, evidence for a link between oxidative stress and cancer risk has not been fully explored. One of the major cancers whose number of cases has increased significantly in recent years is colon and rectal cancer, which has the second highest mortality rate in Libya. Forty subjects were divided into three groups (20 tumors from colorectal cancer patients, adjacent surrounding tumor tissues, and 20 adjacent normal tissues). Evaluation of oxidative stress indices in the samples was performed by analyzing enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters including the activity of glutathione peroxidase and catalase as antioxidant enzymes, reduced glutathione as an antioxidant, malondialdehyde MDA levels as an oxidative damage product, nitritc oxide content NO as an inflammatory marker, and total thiols as a measure of redox status. MDA and NO levels were significantly higher in tumor tissues than in adjacent healthy tissue. Also, the surrounding tumor tissue exhibited higher MDA and NO levels compared with control tissues. The oxidant and antioxidant levels in the tumor was significantly lower than those in the surrounding tumor tissue and control healthy tissue. The results suggest that oxidant and antioxidant parameters can be used as indicators of an imbalance in humans, and as this imbalance increases, the human body may be vulnerable to developing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Burwaiss
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department at Tripoli University Hospital (TUH), Tripoli, Libya
- Medicine Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Manal Ammar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Rabia Alghazeer
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Ashour Eljamil
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Dalal Alarbie
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department at Tripoli University Hospital (TUH), Tripoli, Libya
| | - Sana Elghmasi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Mohamed Al-Griw
- Histology & Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Wafa S. Alansari
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Shamlan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej A. Eskandrani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Ligaza γ-glutamylocysteiny – od molekularnych mechanizmów regulacji aktywności enzymatycznej do implikacji terapeutycznych. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2021-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstrakt
Glutation (γ-glutamylocysteinyloglicyna, GSH) jest najbardziej rozpowszechnionym tiolowym antyoksydantem wytwarzanym w cytozolu wszystkich komórek ssaków, który pełni ważną rolę ochronną przed stresem oksydacyjnym. GSH jest syntetyzowany de novo przez sekwencyjne działanie dwóch enzymów: ligazy γ-glutamylocysteiny (GCL) i syntetazy glutationowej (GS). GCL katalizuje pierwszy etap biosyntezy GSH, którego produktem jest γ-glutamylocysteina (γ-GC). GCL jest heterodimerycznym enzymem zbudowanym z podjednostki katalitycznej (GCLc) i modulatorowej (GCLm), kodowanych przez dwa różne geny. Podjednostki GCL podlegają złożonej regulacji zarówno na poziomie przed-, jak i potranslacyjnym. Zmiany w ekspresji i aktywności GCL mogą zaburzać poziom GSH i homeostazy redoks. Przyczyną wielu przewlekłych schorzeń związanych ze stresem oksydacyjnym jest upośledzenie aktywności katalitycznej GCL oraz spadek stężenia GSH. Badania przedkliniczne sugerują, że podawanie egzogennej γ-GC podwyższa wewnątrzkomórkowe GSH przez dostarczenie brakującego substratu i może wykazywać potencjał jako terapia uzupełniająca w chorobach związanych z deplecją GSH.
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15
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Pan X, Qi Y, Du Z, He J, Yao S, Lu W, Ding K, Zhou M. Zinc oxide nanosphere for hydrogen sulfide scavenging and ferroptosis of colorectal cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:392. [PMID: 34838036 PMCID: PMC8626909 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy occurring in the digestive system and ranks second in cancer mortality worldwide. In colorectal cancer, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is selectively upregulated, resulting in the further exacerbation of the disease. Therefore, the clearance of H2S and the regulation of the enzymes on the H2S pathways are of great significance for colorectal cancer therapy. Methods Here, we investigated the H2S content in various clinical tumor tissues from patients and confirmed that overproduced concentration of H2S in colorectal cancer. Accordingly, we developed an H2S-responsive nanoplatform based on zinc oxide coated virus-like silica nanoparticles (VZnO) for the therapy of colorectal cancer. Results Owing to its excellent H2S scavenging ability, VZnO could effectively reduce H2S content in colorectal cancer to prohibit the growth of CT26 and HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. Moreover, the removal of H2S in colorectal cancer also leads to tumor inhibition through activating ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of cell death. The biosafety-related toxicological and pathological analysis confirmed the low toxicity and high safety of VZnO in colorectal cancer treatment. Furthermore, as an H2S-responsible nanosystem, VZnO appears to have no therapeutic effect on other non H2S rich cancers, such as the 4T1 breast cancer model. Conclusions We anticipate that the H2S-depletion-induced ferroptosis strategy using zinc oxide-based nanomaterials would provide insights in designing nanomedicines for colorectal cancer-target theranostics and may offer clinical promise. Graphic abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-021-01069-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuchen Qi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Zhen Du
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China. .,The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.
| | - Jian He
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Sheng Yao
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Laboratory of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Kefeng Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentations, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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16
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Mahmoud NN, Zakaria ZZ, Kheraldine H, Gupta I, Vranic S, Al-Asmakh M, Al Moustafa AE. The Effect of Surface-Modified Gold Nanorods on the Early Stage of Embryonic Development and Angiogenesis: Insight into the Molecular Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11036. [PMID: 34681694 PMCID: PMC8537453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanorods have been implicated in several biomedical applications. Herein, the effect of two surface-modified gold nanorods on the early stages of embryogenesis and angiogenesis was investigated using avian embryos at three days and their chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) at five days of incubation. We found that gold nanorods (GNR) modified with PEGylated phospholipid moiety show a high mortality rate in embryos after four days of exposure compared to GNR modified with PEGylated cholesterol moiety. Meanwhile, our data revealed that surface modified-GNR significantly inhibit the formation of new blood vessels in the treated CAM model after 48 h of exposure. Moreover, we report that surface-modified GNR significantly deregulate the expression of several genes implicated in cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, cellular energy metabolism, and angiogenesis. On the other hand, our data point out that GNR treatments can modulate the expression patterns of JNK1/2/3, NF-KB/p38, and MAPK, which could be the main molecular pathways of the nanorods in our experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf N. Mahmoud
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Zain Zaki Zakaria
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Z.Z.Z.); (H.K.); (M.A.-A.)
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Hadeel Kheraldine
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Z.Z.Z.); (H.K.); (M.A.-A.)
| | - Ishita Gupta
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Maha Al-Asmakh
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Z.Z.Z.); (H.K.); (M.A.-A.)
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Z.Z.Z.); (H.K.); (M.A.-A.)
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
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17
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Wang M, Zhu J, Zhao F, Xiao J. Transcriptome Analyses Identify a Metabolic Gene Signature Indicative of Antitumor Immunosuppression of EGFR Wild Type Lung Cancers With Low PD-L1 Expression. Front Oncol 2021; 11:643503. [PMID: 34595103 PMCID: PMC8476909 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.643503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose With the development and application of targeted therapies like tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have achieved remarkable survival benefits in recent years. However, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild-type and low expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) NSCLCs remain unmanageable. Few treatments for these patients exist, and more side effects with combination therapies have been observed. We intended to generate a metabolic gene signature that could successfully identify high-risk patients and reveal its underlying molecular immunology characteristics. Methods By identifying the bottom 50% PD-L1 expression level as PD-L1 low expression and removing EGFR mutant samples, a total of 640 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous carcinoma (LUSC) tumor samples and 93 adjacent non-tumor samples were finally extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We identified differentially expressed metabolic genes (DEMGs) by R package limma and the prognostic genes by Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. The intersect genes between DEMGs and prognostic genes were put into the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalty Cox regression analysis. The metabolic gene signature contained 18 metabolic genes generated and successfully stratified LUAD and LUSC patients into the high-risk and low-risk groups, which was also validated by the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Its accuracy was proved by the time-dependent Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, Principal Components Analysis (PCA), and nomogram. Furthermore, the Single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) and diverse acknowledged methods include XCELL, TIMER, QUANTISEQ, MCPcounter, EPIC, CIBERSORT-ABS, and CIBERSORT revealed its underlying antitumor immunosuppressive status. Besides, its relationship with somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) and tumor mutational burden (TMB) was also discussed. Results It is noteworthy that metabolism reprogramming is associated with the survival of the double-negative LUAD and LUSC patients. The SCNAs and TMB of critical metabolic genes can inhibit the antitumor immune process, which might be a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Geriatrics, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The People's Hospital of Tongliang District, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiani Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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18
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Maestri E, Duszka K, Kuznetsov VA. Immunity Depletion, Telomere Imbalance, and Cancer-Associated Metabolism Pathway Aberrations in Intestinal Mucosa upon Short-Term Caloric Restriction. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133180. [PMID: 34202278 PMCID: PMC8267928 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systems cancer biology analysis of calorie restriction (CR) mechanisms and pathways has not been carried out, leaving therapeutic benefits unclear. Using metadata analysis, we studied gene expression changes in normal mouse duodenum mucosa (DM) response to short-term (2-weeks) 25% CR as a biological model. Our results indicate cancer-associated genes consist of 26% of 467 CR responding differential expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs were enriched with over-expressed cell cycle, oncogenes, and metabolic reprogramming pathways that determine tissue-specific tumorigenesis, cancer, and stem cell activation; tumor suppressors and apoptosis genes were under-expressed. DEG enrichments suggest telomeric maintenance misbalance and metabolic pathway activation playing dual (anti-cancer and pro-oncogenic) roles. The aberrant DEG profile of DM epithelial cells is found within CR-induced overexpression of Paneth cells and is coordinated significantly across GI tract tissues mucosa. Immune system genes (ISGs) consist of 37% of the total DEGs; the majority of ISGs are suppressed, including cell-autonomous immunity and tumor-immune surveillance. CR induces metabolic reprogramming, suppressing immune mechanics and activating oncogenic pathways. We introduce and argue for our network pro-oncogenic model of the mucosa multicellular tissue response to CR leading to aberrant transcription and pre-malignant states. These findings change the paradigm regarding CR's anti-cancer role, initiating specific treatment target development. This will aid future work to define critical oncogenic pathways preceding intestinal lesion development and biomarkers for earlier adenoma and colorectal cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Maestri
- Department of Biochemistry and Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
- Department of Biology, SUNY University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Kalina Duszka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Vladimir A. Kuznetsov
- Department of Biochemistry and Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
- Bioinformatics Institute, Biomedical Sciences Institutes A*STAR, Singapore 13867, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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19
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Bian X, Cao F, Wang X, Hou Y, Zhao H, Liu Y. Establishment and characterization of a new human colon cancer cell line, PUMC-CRC1. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13122. [PMID: 34162944 PMCID: PMC8222262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and fatal gastrointestinal cancers worldwide. Considering their diversity, the establishment of new continuous CRC cell lines with clear genetic backgrounds will provide useful tools for exploring molecular mechanisms, screening and evaluating antitumor drugs in CRC studies. Our de novo CRC cell line, PUMC-CRC1 (Peking Union Medical College Colorectal Cancer 1) was derived from a 47-year-old Chinese female patient diagnosed with moderately to poorly differentiated colon adenocarcinoma. Multiple experiments were used for full characterization. The new cell line was epithelial-like and was passaged for more than 40 times, with a population doubling time of 44 h in vitro, detected by cell counts. The cells exhibited complicated chromosomal abnormalities. The tumor formation rate in SCID mice was 100%. The xenograft tumor was adenocarcinoma with poor to moderate differentiation by Haematoxylin and Eosin staining (H&E) sections. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis and next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed microsatellite stable (MSS), APC (p.T1493fs) inactivation, KRAS (p.G12V) activation, and SMAD4 (p.V506A) mutation. Quality control of the cell line proved mycoplasma negative and identical STR profile with that of the original tissue, and no interspecific or intraspecific cross contamination was detected. In conclusion, PUMC-CRC1 was a newly established and well characterized human colon cancer cell line, which might be a good model for both in vitro and in vivo studies of the mechanism of colon cancer progression and the treatment strategies for MSS CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Bian
- Department of Pathology, Cell Resource Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, 100005, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Cell Resource Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, 100005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Hou
- Department of Pathology, Cell Resource Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, 100005, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuqin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Cell Resource Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, 100005, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Lau MF, Chua KH, Sabaratnam V, Kuppusamy UR. In vitro Anti-colorectal Cancer Potential of the Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma neo-japonicum Imazeki in Hyperglycemic Condition: Impact on Oxidative Stress, Cell Cycle and Apoptosis. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:978-995. [PMID: 34085886 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1931701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Clinical efficacy of chemotherapy is often compromised by diabetogenic glucose on colorectal cancer (CRC). High glucose has been shown to diminish the cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs. The issue can potentially be addressed with natural products. Recently, we revealed that Ganoderma neo-japonicum exhibits inhibitory activities against human colonic carcinoma cells. In this study, the impacts of hexane fraction (Hex, sterol-enriched) and chloroform fraction (Chl, terpenoid-enriched) were further elucidated. The cellular responses, including oxidative stress, cell cycle, and apoptosis were compared between the presence of normal glucose (NG, 5.5 mM) and high glucose (HG, 25 mM). HG promoted cell viability with concomitant elevation of GSH level. Both Hex and Chl fractions stimulated NO production, in addition, induced cell cycle arrest. The apoptotic effect of Hex fraction was glucose-dependent, but Chl fraction triggered apoptosis with an equivalent extent in NG and HG conditions. Overall, the active fractions from G. neo-japonicum show therapeutic potential in managing hyperglycemia-associated CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Fei Lau
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kek-Heng Chua
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vikineswary Sabaratnam
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Umah Rani Kuppusamy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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21
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Marengo B, Pulliero A, Izzotti A, Domenicotti C. miRNA Regulation of Glutathione Homeostasis in Cancer Initiation, Progression and Therapy Resistance. Microrna 2021; 9:187-197. [PMID: 31849293 PMCID: PMC7366003 DOI: 10.2174/2211536609666191218103220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant antioxidant that contributes to regulating the cellular production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which, maintained at physiological levels, can exert a function of second messengers in living organisms. In fact, it has been demonstrated that moderate amounts of ROS can activate the signaling pathways involved in cell growth and proliferation, while high levels of ROS induce DNA damage leading to cancer development. Therefore, GSH is a crucial player in the maintenance of redox homeostasis and its metabolism has a role in tumor initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. Our recent studies demonstrated that neuroblastoma cells resistant to etoposide, a common chemotherapeutic drug, show a partial monoallelic deletion of the locus coding for miRNA 15a and 16-1 leading to a loss of these miRNAs and the activation of GSH-dependent responses. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight the role of specific miRNAs in the modulation of intracellular GSH levels in order to take into consideration the use of modulators of miRNA expression as a useful strategy to better sensitize tumors to current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Marengo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Izzotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,UOC Mutagenesis and Oncologic Prevention, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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22
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Almási N, Murlasits Z, Al-Awar A, Csonka Á, Dvorácskó S, Tömböly C, Török S, Bester D, Pósa A, Varga C, Kupai K. Effects of aging on proteasomal-ubiquitin system, oxidative stress balance and calcium homeostasis in middle-aged female rat colon. Physiol Int 2021. [PMID: 33835941 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2021.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial process, which is considered as a decline over time. It is increasingly clear that there is a gender difference in aging and in the prevalence of age-related diseases as well. We aimed to examine the effects of the aging process in the colonic tissue of female Wistar rats aged 10 weeks (young) and 13 months (middle-aged) at an early stage, according to three main symptoms associated with aging: a decrease in the efficacy of the proteasome and muscle function and an increase in oxidative stress. The aging process was found to cause a significant decrease in ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase ligase (UCHL-1) and a significant increase in 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), total glutathione (GSH), calcium (Ca2+), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in middle-aged animals. In summary, it is suggested that the reduced activity of the proteasomal degradation system may be the result of the diminished expression of the UCHL-1 enzyme and the decreased levels of ubiquitin; furthermore, we found some key targets which may help to better understand the fundamental aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Almási
- 1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Z Murlasits
- 2Laboratory Animals Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - A Al-Awar
- 1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Á Csonka
- 3Department of Traumatology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - S Dvorácskó
- 4Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - C Tömböly
- 4Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - S Török
- 1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - D Bester
- 5Faculty of Health and Wellness, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Pósa
- 1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- 6Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - C Varga
- 1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - K Kupai
- 1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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23
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Vaghari-Tabari M, Majidinia M, Moein S, Qujeq D, Asemi Z, Alemi F, Mohamadzadeh R, Targhazeh N, Safa A, Yousefi B. MicroRNAs and colorectal cancer chemoresistance: New solution for old problem. Life Sci 2020; 259:118255. [PMID: 32818543 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies with a significant mortality rate. Despite the great advances in cancer treatment in the last few decades, effective treatment of CRC is still under challenge. One of the main problems associated with CRC treatment is the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs. METHODS Many studies have been carried out to identify CRC chemoresistance mechanisms, and shed light on the role of ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), enzymes as thymidylate synthase, some signaling pathways, and cancer stem cells (CSC) in chemoresistance and failed CRC chemotherapies. Other studies have also been recently carried out to find solutions to overcome chemoresistance. Some of these studies have identified the role of miRNAs in chemoresistance of the CRC cells and the effective use of these micro-molecules to CRC treatment. RESULTS Considering the results of these studies, more focus on miRNAs likely leads to a proper solution to overcome CRC chemoresistance. CONCLUSION The current study has reviewed the related literature while discussing the efficacy of miRNAs as potential clinical tools for overcoming CRC chemoresistance and reviewing the most important chemoresistance mechanisms in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Soheila Moein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran; Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Mohamadzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nilofar Targhazeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Safa
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam; Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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24
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Fares M, Wu X, Ramesh D, Lewis W, Keller PA, Howe ENW, Pérez‐Tomás R, Gale PA. Stimuli‐Responsive Cycloaurated “OFF‐ON” Switchable Anion Transporters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fares
- School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons University of Wollongong Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Deepthi Ramesh
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics Cancer Cell Biology Research Group University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Paul A. Keller
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons University of Wollongong Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Ethan N. W. Howe
- School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
- GlaxoSmithKline GSK Jurong 1 Pioneer Sector 1 Singapore 628413 Singapore
| | - Ricardo Pérez‐Tomás
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics Cancer Cell Biology Research Group University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Philip A. Gale
- School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
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25
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Fares M, Wu X, Ramesh D, Lewis W, Keller PA, Howe ENW, Pérez-Tomás R, Gale PA. Stimuli-Responsive Cycloaurated "OFF-ON" Switchable Anion Transporters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17614-17621. [PMID: 32583552 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Anion transporters have shown potential application as anti-cancer agents that function by disrupting homeostasis and triggering cell death. In this research article we report switchable anion transport by gold complexes of anion transporters that are "switched on" in situ in the presence of the reducing agent GSH by decomplexation of gold. GSH is found in higher concentrations in tumors than in healthy tissue and hence this approach offers a strategy to target these systems to tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fares
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.,School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Deepthi Ramesh
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Paul A Keller
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Ethan N W Howe
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.,GlaxoSmithKline, GSK Jurong, 1 Pioneer Sector 1, Singapore, 628413, Singapore
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Tomás
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philip A Gale
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
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26
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Ong AJ, Saeidi S, Chi NHK, Kim SJ, Kim DH, Kim SH, Park SA, Cha YN, Na HK, Surh YJ. The positive feedback loop between Nrf2 and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase stimulates proliferation and clonogenicity of human hepatoma cells. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:906-917. [PMID: 32336239 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1761547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies report that nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) facilitates tumor progression through metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the oncogenic functions of Nrf2 is not yet well understood. Some of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) enzymes are considered to play a role in the cancer progression. The present study was intended to explore the potential role of phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD), one of the PPP enzymes, in the proliferation and migration of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Genetic ablation of Nrf2 attenuated the expression of PGD at both transcriptional and translational levels. Notably, Nrf2 regulates the transcription of PGD through direct binding to the antioxidant response element in its promoter region. Nrf2 overexpression in HepG2 cells led to increased proliferation, survival, and migration, and these events were suppressed by silencing PGD. Interestingly, knockdown of the gene encoding this enzyme not only attenuated the proliferation and clonogenicity of HepG2 cells but also downregulated the expression of Nrf2. Thus, there seems to exist a positive feedback loop between Nrf2 and PGD which is exploited by hepatoma cells for their proliferation and survival. Treatment of HepG2 cells with ribulose-5-phosphate, a catalytic product of PGD, gave rise to a concentration-dependent upregulation of Nrf2. Collectively, the current study shows that Nrf2 promotes hepatoma cell growth and progression, partly through induction of PGD transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Jessica Ong
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soma Saeidi
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ngo Hoang Kieu Chi
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Jung Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyeon Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sin-Aye Park
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Nam Cha
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Na
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Knowledge-Based Services Engineering, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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27
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Amir Hashim NA, Ab-Rahim S, Wan Ngah WZ, Nathan S, Ab Mutalib NS, Sagap I, A Jamal AR, Mazlan M. Global metabolomics profiling of colorectal cancer in Malaysian patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 11:33-43. [PMID: 33469506 PMCID: PMC7803921 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2021.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The serum metabolomics approach has been used to identify metabolite biomarkers that can diagnose colorectal cancer (CRC) accurately and specifically. However, the biomarkers identified differ between studies suggesting that more studies need to be performed to understand the influence of genetic and environmental factors. Therefore, this study aimed to identify biomarkers and affected metabolic pathways in Malaysian CRC patients. Methods: Serum from 50 healthy controls and 50 CRC patients were collected at UKM Medical Centre. The samples were deproteinized with acetonitrile and untargeted metabolomics profile determined using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOFMS, Agilent USA). The data were analysed using Mass Profiler Professional (Agilent, USA) software. The panel of biomarkers determined were then used to identify CRC from a new set of 20 matched samples. Results: Eleven differential metabolites were identified whose levels were significantly different between CRC patients compared to normal controls. Based on the analysis of the area under the curve, 7 of these metabolites showed high sensitivity and specificity as biomarkers. The use of the 11 metabolites on a new set of samples was able to differentiate CRC from normal samples with 80% accuracy. These metabolites were hypoxanthine, acetylcarnitine, xanthine, uric acid, tyrosine, methionine, lysoPC, lysoPE, citric acid, 5-oxoproline, and pipercolic acid. The data also showed that the most perturbed pathways in CRC were purine, catecholamine, and amino acid metabolisms. Conclusion: Serum metabolomics profiling can be used to identify distinguishing biomarkers for CRC as well as to further our knowledge of its pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Azmir Amir Hashim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.,Institute of Medical and Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharaniza Ab-Rahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah
- Universiti Kebangsaaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Batu 9 Cheras, Wilayah Persekututan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sheila Nathan
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ismail Sagap
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Rahman A Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Musalmah Mazlan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
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28
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Ekine-Afolabi BA, Njan AA, Rotimi SO, R. I. A, Elbehi AM, Cash E, Adeyeye A. The Impact of Diet on the Involvement of Non-Coding RNAs, Extracellular Vesicles, and Gut Microbiome-Virome in Colorectal Cancer Initiation and Progression. Front Oncol 2020; 10:583372. [PMID: 33381452 PMCID: PMC7769005 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.583372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world today. The third most common cancer and which is most diet related is colorectal cancer (CRC). Although there is complexity and limited understanding in the link between diet and CRC, the advancement in research methods have demonstrated the involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as key regulators of gene expression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) which are a class of ncRNAs are key players in cancer related pathways in the context of dietary modulation. The involvement of ncRNA in cancer progression has recently been clarified throughout the last decade. ncRNAs are involved in biological processes relating to tumor onset and progression. The advances in research have given insights into cell to cell communication, by highlighting the pivotal involvement of extracellular vesicle (EV) associated-ncRNAs in tumorigenesis. The abundance and stability of EV associated ncRNAs act as a new diagnostic and therapeutic target for cancer. The understanding of the deranging of these molecules in cancer can give access to modulating the expression of the ncRNAs, thereby influencing the cancer phenotype. Food derived exosomes/vesicles (FDE) are gaining interest in the implication of exosomes in cell-cell communication with little or no understanding to date on the role FDE plays. There are resident microbiota in the colon; to which the imbalance in the normal intestinal occurrence leads to chronic inflammation and the production of carcinogenic metabolites that lead to neoplasm. Limited studies have shown the implication of various types of microbiome in CRC incidence, without particular emphasis on fungi and protozoa. This review discusses important dietary factors in relation to the expression of EV-associated ncRNAs in CRC, the impact of diet on the colon ecosystem with particular emphasis on molecular mechanisms of interactions in the ecosystem, the influence of homeostasis regulators such as glutathione, and its conjugating enzyme-glutathione S-transferase (GST) polymorphism on intestinal ecosystem, oxidative stress response, and its relationship to DNA adduct fighting enzyme-0-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms and interaction in the intestinal ecosystem will inform on the diagnostic, preventive and prognosis as well as treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bene A. Ekine-Afolabi
- ZEAB Therapeutic, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, High Impact Cancer Research Postgraduate Certificate Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Bene A. Ekine-Afolabi,
| | - Anoka A. Njan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | - Anu R. I.
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, High Impact Cancer Research Postgraduate Certificate Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, MVR Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Calicut, India
| | - Attia M. Elbehi
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, High Impact Cancer Research Postgraduate Certificate Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- School of Care and Health Sciences, University of South Wales, Cardif, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Cash
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, High Impact Cancer Research Postgraduate Certificate Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Communicative Disorders, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Ademola Adeyeye
- Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
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29
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Tu WM, Huang XC, Chen YL, Luo YL, Liau I, Hsu HY. Longitudinal and quantitative assessment platform for concurrent analysis of anti-tumor efficacy and cardiotoxicity of nano-formulated medication in vivo. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1095:129-137. [PMID: 31864613 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Increasing nanomedicinal approaches have been developed to effectively inhibit tumor growth; however, critical questions such as whether a nanomedicinal approach can mitigate latent side effects are barely addressed. To this end, we established a zebrafish xenograft tumor model, combining pseudodynamic three-dimensional cardiac imaging and image analysis to enable simultaneous and quantitative determination of the change of tumor volume and cardiac function of zebrafish upon specific nanoformulation treatment. Doxorubicin (DOX), a well-known chemotherapeutic agent with cardiotoxicity, and a recently developed DOX-loaded nanocomposite were employed as two model drugs to demonstrate the effectiveness to utilize the proposed evaluation platform for rapid validation. The nanoformulation significantly mitigated DOX-associated cardiotoxicity, while retaining the efficacy of DOX in inhibiting tumor growth compared to administration of carrier-free DOX at the same dose. We anticipate that this platform possesses the potential as an efficient assessment system for nanoformulated cancer therapeutics with suspected toxicity and side effects to vital organs such as the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Tu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao-Tung University, No.1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Xin-Chun Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao-Tung University, No.1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Ling Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao-Tung University, No.1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yun-Ling Luo
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao-Tung University, No.1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ian Liau
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao-Tung University, No.1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yun Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao-Tung University, No.1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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30
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Zhang B, Duan Q, Li Y, Zhang Y, Che M, Zhang W, Sang S. A “turn-on” fluorescent probe for glutathione detection based on the polyethylenimine-carbon dots-Cu2+ system. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 197:111532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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31
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Zhang C, Aldrees M, Arif M, Li X, Mardinoglu A, Aziz MA. Elucidating the Reprograming of Colorectal Cancer Metabolism Using Genome-Scale Metabolic Modeling. Front Oncol 2019; 9:681. [PMID: 31417867 PMCID: PMC6682621 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most incidental cancer worldwide, and the response rate of current treatment for colorectal cancer is very low. Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) are systems biology platforms, and they had been used to assist researchers in understanding the metabolic alterations in different types of cancer. Here, we reconstructed a generic colorectal cancer GEM by merging 374 personalized GEMs from the Human Pathology Atlas and used it as a platform for systematic investigation of the difference between tumor and normal samples. The reconstructed model revealed the metabolic reprogramming in glutathione as well as the arginine and proline metabolism in response to tumor occurrence. In addition, six genes including ODC1, SMS, SRM, RRM2, SMOX, and SAT1 associated with arginine and proline metabolism were found to be key players in this metabolic alteration. We also investigated these genes in independent colorectal cancer patients and cell lines and found that many of these genes showed elevated level in colorectal cancer and exhibited adverse effect in patients. Therefore, these genes could be promising therapeutic targets for treatment of a specific colon cancer patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mohammed Aldrees
- Department of Medical Genomics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard- Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Dental Institute, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Azhar Aziz
- King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard- Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Colorectal Cancer Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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32
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Sun J, Zhou C, Ma Q, Chen W, Atyah M, Yin Y, Fu P, Liu S, Hu B, Ren N, Zhou H. High GCLC level in tumor tissues is associated with poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection. J Cancer 2019; 10:3333-3343. [PMID: 31293636 PMCID: PMC6603424 DOI: 10.7150/jca.29769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) has been reported to overexpress in a variety types of cancer and be related with tumor progression and drug resistance. However, little has been known about GCLC's prognostic significance and biological roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, we evaluated GCLC expression level using immunohistochemical staining (IHC) in tissue microarray (TMA) containing paired tumor and peritumoral liver tissues from 168 patients with HCC who received curative resection. GCLC levels in tumor tissues were significantly higher than in peritumoral liver tissues, and tumor GCLC level was associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Five-year OS and DFS rates were 41.15% and 25.88% for the group with high tumor GCLC level, compared with 68.09% and 47.51% for the group with low tumor GCLC level (P<0.001 and P=0.001, respectively). Moreover, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that GCLC was transcriptionally activated in HCC tissues when comparing with peritumoral tissues. Tumor GCLC level, which correlated to tumor differentiation, microvascular invasion and BCLC stage, was independent prognostic factors for both OS (P=0.006) and DFS (P=0.003). Importantly, tumor GCLC level was still significantly associated with OS and DFS in patients with early HCC. GCLC-based nomogram models were further established and exhibit significantly higher predictive accuracy as compared with routine clinical staging systems. In conclusion, tumor GCLC is a potential prognostic biomarker for HCC patients after receiving curative resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Sun
- Liver Cancer Institute & Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis & Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Chenhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis & Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qianni Ma
- Liver Cancer Institute & Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis & Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Wanyong Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Surgery, Institute of Fudan-Minhang Acadamic Health System, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Manar Atyah
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yirui Yin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peiyao Fu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ning Ren
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Surgery, Institute of Fudan-Minhang Acadamic Health System, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijun Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute & Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis & Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, China
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33
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Tan BL, Norhaizan ME, Liew WPP, Sulaiman Rahman H. Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress: A Mutual Interplay in Age-Related Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1162. [PMID: 30405405 PMCID: PMC6204759 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 512] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the progressive loss of organ and tissue function over time. Growing older is positively linked to cognitive and biological degeneration such as physical frailty, psychological impairment, and cognitive decline. Oxidative stress is considered as an imbalance between pro- and antioxidant species, which results in molecular and cellular damage. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of age-related diseases. Emerging research evidence has suggested that antioxidant can control the autoxidation by interrupting the propagation of free radicals or by inhibiting the formation of free radicals and subsequently reduce oxidative stress, improve immune function, and increase healthy longevity. Indeed, oxidation damage is highly dependent on the inherited or acquired defects in enzymes involved in the redox-mediated signaling pathways. Therefore, the role of molecules with antioxidant activity that promote healthy aging and counteract oxidative stress is worth to discuss further. Of particular interest in this article, we highlighted the molecular mechanisms of antioxidants involved in the prevention of age-related diseases. Taken together, a better understanding of the role of antioxidants involved in redox modulation of inflammation would provide a useful approach for potential interventions, and subsequently promoting healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Ling Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Esa Norhaizan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellent, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases (NNCD), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Winnie-Pui-Pui Liew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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34
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Bansal A, Simon MC. Glutathione metabolism in cancer progression and treatment resistance. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:2291-2298. [PMID: 29915025 PMCID: PMC6028537 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201804161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 646] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bansal and Simon discuss strategies to block glutathione synthesis and utilization pathways to inhibit tumor propagation and treatment resistance. Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant antioxidant found in living organisms and has multiple functions, most of which maintain cellular redox homeostasis. GSH preserves sufficient levels of cysteine and detoxifies xenobiotics while also conferring therapeutic resistance to cancer cells. However, GSH metabolism plays both beneficial and pathogenic roles in a variety of malignancies. It is crucial to the removal and detoxification of carcinogens, and alterations in this pathway can have a profound effect on cell survival. Excess GSH promotes tumor progression, where elevated levels correlate with increased metastasis. In this review, we discuss recent studies that focus on deciphering the role of GSH in tumor initiation and progression as well as mechanisms underlying how GSH imparts treatment resistance to growing cancers. Targeting GSH synthesis/utilization therefore represents a potential means of rendering tumor cells more susceptible to different treatment options such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Bansal
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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35
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Strohkamp S, Gemoll T, Humborg S, Hartwig S, Lehr S, Freitag-Wolf S, Becker S, Franzén B, Pries R, Wollenberg B, Roblick UJ, Bruch HP, Keck T, Auer G, Habermann JK. Protein levels of clusterin and glutathione synthetase in platelets allow for early detection of colorectal cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:323-334. [PMID: 28849249 PMCID: PMC11105233 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2631-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent malignancies in the Western world. Early tumor detection and intervention are important determinants on CRC patient survival. During early tumor proliferation, dissemination and angiogenesis, platelets store and segregate proteins actively and selectively. Hence, the platelet proteome is a potential source of biomarkers denoting early malignancy. By comparing protein profiles of platelets between healthy volunteers (n = 12) and patients with early- (n = 7) and late-stage (n = 5) CRCs using multiplex fluorescence two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), we aimed at identifying differentially regulated proteins within platelets. By inter-group comparisons, 94 differentially expressed protein spots were detected (p < 0.05) between healthy controls and patients with early- and late-stage CRCs and revealed distinct separations between all three groups in principal component analyses. 54 proteins of interest were identified by mass spectrometry and resulted in high-ranked Ingenuity Pathway Analysis networks associated with Cellular function and maintenance, Cellular assembly and organization, Developmental disorder and Organismal injury and abnormalities (p < 0.0001 to p = 0.0495). Target proteins were validated by multiplex fluorescence-based Western blot analyses using an additional, independent cohort of platelet protein samples [healthy controls (n = 15), early-stage CRCs (n = 15), late-stage CRCs (n = 15)]. Two proteins-clusterin and glutathione synthetase (GSH-S)-featured high impact and were subsequently validated in this independent clinical cohort distinguishing healthy controls from patients with early- and late-stage CRCs. Thus, the potential of clusterin and GSH-S as platelet biomarkers for early detection of CRC could improve existing screening modalities in clinical application and should be confirmed in a prospective multicenter trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Strohkamp
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Timo Gemoll
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Sina Humborg
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Becker
- Karolinska Biomics Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Franzén
- Karolinska Biomics Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ralph Pries
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Barbara Wollenberg
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Uwe J Roblick
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Bruch
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tobias Keck
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gert Auer
- Karolinska Biomics Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jens K Habermann
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biobanking-Lübeck (ICB-L), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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36
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miR-20a-directed regulation of BID is associated with the TRAIL sensitivity in colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:571-578. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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37
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Codini M, Cataldi S, Lazzarini A, Tasegian A, Ceccarini MR, Floridi A, Lazzarini R, Ambesi-Impiombato FS, Curcio F, Beccari T, Albi E. Why high cholesterol levels help hematological malignancies: role of nuclear lipid microdomains. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:4. [PMID: 26754536 PMCID: PMC4709975 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diet and obesity are recognized in the scientific literature as important risk factors for cancer development and progression. Hypercholesterolemia facilitates lymphoma lymphoblastic cell growth and in time turns in hypocholesterolemia that is a sign of tumour progression. The present study examined how and where the cholesterol acts in cancer cells when you reproduce in vitro an in vivo hypercholesterolemia condition. Methods We used non-Hodgkin’s T cell human lymphoblastic lymphoma (SUP-T1 cell line) and we studied cell morphology, aggressiveness, gene expression for antioxidant proteins, polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase and actin, cholesterol and sphingomyelin content and finally sphingomyelinase activity in whole cells, nuclei and nuclear lipid microdomains. Results We found that cholesterol changes cancer cell morphology with the appearance of protrusions together to the down expression of β-actin gene and reduction of β-actin protein. The lipid influences SUP-T1 cell aggressiveness since stimulates DNA and RNA synthesis for cell proliferation and increases raf1 and E-cadherin, molecules involved in invasion and migration of cancer cells. Cholesterol does not change GRX2 expression but it overexpresses SOD1, SOD2, CCS, PRDX1, GSR, GSS, CAT and PNKP. We suggest that cholesterol reaches the nucleus and increases the nuclear lipid microdomains known to act as platform for chromatin anchoring and gene expression. Conclusion The results imply that, in hypercholesterolemia conditions, cholesterol reaches the nuclear lipid microdomains where activates gene expression coding for antioxidant proteins. We propose the cholesterolemia as useful parameter to monitor in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Codini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Samuela Cataldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Lazzarini
- Laboratory of Nuclear Lipid BioPathology, CRABiON, Perugia, Italy
| | - Anna Tasegian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Remo Lazzarini
- Laboratory of Nuclear Lipid BioPathology, CRABiON, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Curcio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Albi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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38
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Han B, Wang Y, Wang L, Shang Z, Wang S, Pei J. Preparation of GST Inhibitor Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System and Its Reversal Effect on the Multidrug Resistance in Oral Carcinoma. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:1571-1587. [PMID: 28347082 PMCID: PMC5304786 DOI: 10.3390/nano5041571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
During the chemotherapy of cancer, drug resistance is the first issue that chemotherapeutic drugs cannot be effectively used for the treatment of cancers repeatedly for a long term, and the main reason for this is that tumor cell detoxification is mediated by GSH (glutathione) catalyzed by GST (glutathione-S-transferase). In this study, a GST inhibitor, ethacrynic acid (ECA), was designed to be coupled with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) (MPEG-PLA) by disulfide bonds to prepare methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide)-disulphide bond-mthacrynic acid (MPEG-PLA-SS-ECA) as a carrier material of the nanoparticles. Nanoparticles of pingyangmycin (PYM) and carboplatin (CBP) were prepared, respectively, and their physicochemical properties were investigated. The ECA at the disulfide could be released in the presence of GSH, the pingyangmycin, carboplatin and ECA were all uniformly released, and the nanoparticles could release all the drugs completely within 10 days. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the prepared MPEG-PLA-SS-ECA/CBP and MPEG-PLA-SS-ECA/PYM nanoparticles in drug-resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines SCC15/CBP and SCC15/PYM cells was 12.68 μg·mL-¹ and 12.76 μg·mL-¹, respectively; the resistant factor RF of them in the drug-resistant cells were 1.51 and 1.24, respectively, indicating that MPEG-PLA-SS-ECA nanoparticles can reverse the drug resistance of these two drug-resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, No.1266 Fujin Road, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yanli Wang
- Changchun Women and Children Health Hospital, No. 962 Xinfa Road, Changchun 130061, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Zuhui Shang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Shuang Wang
- China Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Jin Pei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, No.1266 Fujin Road, Changchun 130012, China.
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