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Arefnezhad R, Ashna S, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Arfazadeh SM, Seyedsalehie SS, Yeganeafrouz S, Aghaei M, Sanandaji M, Davoodi R, Abadi SRK, Vosough M. Noncoding RNAs and programmed cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma: Significant role of epigenetic modifications in prognosis, chemoresistance, and tumor recurrence rate. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:556-576. [PMID: 38411312 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer with a high death rate in the world. The molecular mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of HCC have not been precisely defined so far. Hence, this review aimed to address the potential cross-talk between noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and programmed cell death in HCC. All related papers in the English language up to June 2023 were collected and screened. The searched keywords in scientific databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, were HCC, ncRNAs, Epigenetic, Programmed cell death, Autophagy, Apoptosis, Ferroptosis, Chemoresistance, Tumor recurrence, Prognosis, and Prediction. According to the reports, ncRNAs, comprising long ncRNAs, microRNAs, circular RNAs, and small nucleolar RNAs can affect cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis, as well as cell death-related processes, such as autophagy, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and apoptosis in HCC by regulating cancer-associated genes and signaling pathways, for example, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase/MAPK, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. It seems that ncRNAs, as epigenetic regulators, can be utilized as biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis, survival and recurrence rates prediction, chemoresistance, and evaluation of therapeutic response in HCC patients. However, more scientific evidence is suggested to be accomplished to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Arefnezhad
- Coenzyme R Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Ashna
- Student Research Committee, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | | | - Seyede Shabnam Seyedsalehie
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur, University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Yeganeafrouz
- Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Medical branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Melika Aghaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Sanandaji
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Experimental Cancer Medicine, Huddinge, Sweden
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Afra F, Mahboobipour AA, Salehi Farid A, Ala M. Recent progress in the immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: Non-coding RNA-based immunotherapy may improve the outcome. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115104. [PMID: 37393866 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most lethal cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) significantly improved the prognosis of HCC; however, the therapeutic response remains unsatisfactory in a substantial proportion of patients or needs to be further improved in responders. Herein, other methods of immunotherapy, including vaccine-based immunotherapy, adoptive cell therapy, cytokine delivery, kynurenine pathway inhibition, and gene delivery, have been adopted in clinical trials. Although the results were not encouraging enough to expedite their marketing. A major proportion of human genome is transcribed into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Preclinical studies have extensively investigated the roles of ncRNAs in different aspects of HCC biology. HCC cells reprogram the expression pattern of numerous ncRNAs to decrease the immunogenicity of HCC, exhaust the cytotoxic and anti-cancer function of CD8 + T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and M1 macrophages, and promote the immunosuppressive function of T Reg cells, M2 macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Mechanistically, cancer cells recruit ncRNAs to interact with immune cells, thereby regulating the expression of immune checkpoints, functional receptors of immune cells, cytotoxic enzymes, and inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, prediction models based on the tissue expression or even serum levels of ncRNAs could predict response to immunotherapy in HCC. Moreover, ncRNAs markedly potentiated the efficacy of ICIs in murine models of HCC. This review article first discusses recent advances in the immunotherapy of HCC, then dissects the involvement and potential application of ncRNAs in the immunotherapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Afra
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Mahboobipour
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Salehi Farid
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Ala
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Haghighi N, Doosti A, Kiani J. Evaluation of Apoptosis, Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Progression by Inactivation of the NEAT1 Long Noncoding RNA in a Renal Carcinoma Cell Line Using CRISPR/Cas9. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 21:e3180. [PMID: 36811109 PMCID: PMC9938936 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2022.310632.3180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in cellular mechanisms including transcription, translation, and apoptosis. NEAT1 is one of the essential types of lncRNAs in humans that can bind to active genes and modify their transcription. NEAT1 upregulation in various forms of cancer such as kidney cancer has been reported. Kidney cancer accounts for approximately 3% of all cancers worldwide and occurs almost twice as often in men as in women. Objectives This study has been performed to knockout the NEAT1 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique in the Renal Cell Carcinoma ACHN cell line and to evaluate its effects on cancer progression and apoptosis. Material and Methods Two specific (single guide RNA (sgRNA) sequences for the NEAT1 gene were designed by CHOPCHOP software. These sequences were then cloned into plasmid pSpcas9, and recombinant vectors PX459-sgRNA1 and PX459-sgRNA2 were generated. ACHN cells were transfected using recombinant vectors carrying sgRNA1 and sgRNA2. The expression level of apoptosis-related genes was assessed by real-time PCR. Annexin, MTT and cell scratch tests were performed to evaluate the survival, proliferation, and migration of the knocked out cells, respectively. Results The results have shown successful knockout of the NEAT1 gene in the cells of the treatment group. Expressions of P53, BAK, BAX and FAS genes in the cells of the treatment group (NEAT1 knockout) showed significant increases in expression compared to the cells of the control group (P <0.01). Additionally, decreased expression of BCL2 and survivin genes was observed in knockout cells compared to the control group (p <0.05). In addition, in the cells of the treatment group compared to control cells, a significant decrease in cell viability, ability to migrate and cell growth and proliferation was observed. Conclusion Inactivation of the NEAT1 gene in ACHN cell line using CRISPR/Cas9 technology elevated apoptosis and reduced cell survival and proliferation which makes it a novel target for kidney cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Haghighi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Abbas Doosti
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Jafar Kiani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran,
Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
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LncRNA CCAT2, involving miR-34a/TGF-β1/Smad4 signaling, regulate hepatic stellate cells proliferation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21199. [PMID: 36482069 PMCID: PMC9732356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-34a targeting on Smad4 plays important role in TGF-β1 pathway which is a dominant factor for balancing collagen production and degradation in hepatic stellate cells. TGF-β1/Smad4 regulated collagen deposition is a hallmark of hepatic fibrosis. The potential regulation on miR-34a by LncRNAs in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is still reserved to be revealed. In current study, it was hypothesized that a miR-34a interactor, lncRNA CCAT2 may regulate TGF-β1 pathway in liver fibrotic remodeling. The interaction between CCAT2 and miR-34a-5p was checked by dual luciferase assay. the effects of CCAT2 and miR-34a-5p on cell proliferation and apoptosis were verified by MTT assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry assay. Dual luciferase activity showed CCAT2 are targets of miR-34a-5p. Sh-CCAT2 transfection prohibit HSCs proliferation and induce HSCs apoptosis, also inhibited ECM protein synthesis in HSCs. Decreased miR-34a-5p enhanced HSCs proliferation, blocked HSCs apoptosis and promoted ECM protein production. miR-34a-5p inhibitor undo protective regulation of sh-CCAT2 in liver fibrosis. Furthermore, clinical investigation showed that CCAT2 and Smad4 expression level were significantly induced, while miR-34a-5p was significantly decreased in HBV related liver fibrosis serum. In conclusion, activated HSCs via TGF-β1/Smad4 signaling pathway was successfully alleviated by CCAT2 inhibition through miR-34a-5p elevation.
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Long non-coding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 2: role and function in human cancers. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:2785-2797. [PMID: 36103972 PMCID: PMC9945556 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a family of non-protein-coding RNAs that span a length of over 200 nucleotides. Research reports have illustrated that lncRNAs are involved in various cellular processes and that their abnormal expression leads to the occurrence and development of various tumors. Colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) was first reported as an oncogene in colon cancer. LncRNA CCAT2 is abnormally expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, glioma, and other tumors. In tumor tissues, abnormally overexpressed CCAT2 can affect cell proliferation, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, and other biological behaviors through endogenous RNAs mechanisms, various signaling pathways, transcriptional regulation, and other complex mechanisms. Additionally, the overexpression of CCAT2 is also closely related to the tumor size, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, survival time, and other prognostic factors, suggesting that it is a potential prognostic indicator. This article reviews the biological functions of CCAT2 and its mechanisms of action in tumors from previous studies. In this review, we attempt to provide a molecular basis for future clinical applications of lncRNA CCAT2.
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The Roles of the Colon Cancer Associated Transcript 2 (CCAT2) Long Non-Coding RNA in Cancer: A Comprehensive Characterization of the Tumorigenic and Molecular Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212491. [PMID: 34830370 PMCID: PMC8620102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) is an intensively studied lncRNA with important regulatory roles in cancer. As such, cumulative studies indicate that CCAT2 displays a high functional versatility due to its direct interaction with multiple RNA binding proteins, transcription factors, and other species of non-coding RNA, especially microRNA. The definitory mechanisms of CCAT2 are its role as a regulator of the TCF7L2 transcription factor, enhancer of MYC expression, and activator of the WNT/β-catenin pathway, as well as a role in promoting and maintaining chromosome instability through the BOP1–AURKB pathway. Additionally, we highlight how the encompassing rs6983267 SNP has been shown to confer CCAT2 with allele-specific functional and structural particularities, such as the allelic-specific reprogramming of glutamine metabolism. Additionally, we emphasize CCAT2’s role as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for multiple tumor suppressor miRNAs, such as miR-4496, miR-493, miR-424, miR-216b, miR-23b, miR-34a, miR-145, miR-200b, and miR-143 and the pro-tumorigenic role of the altered regulatory axis. Additionally, due to its upregulation in tumor tissues, wide distribution across cancer types, and presence in serum samples, we outline CCAT2’s potential as a biomarker and disease indicator and its implications for the development of resistance against current cancer therapy regiments and metastasis.
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Xia Y, Wang WC, Shen WH, Xu K, Hu YY, Han GH, Liu YB. Thalidomide suppresses angiogenesis and immune evasion via lncRNA FGD5-AS1/miR-454-3p/ZEB1 axis-mediated VEGFA expression and PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint in NSCLC. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 349:109652. [PMID: 34520751 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 80-85% of total lung cancer cases. Identifying the molecular mechanisms of anti-tumor drugs is essential for improving therapeutic effects. Herein, we aim to investigate the role of thalidomide in the tumorigenicity of NSCLC. METHODS The A549 xenograft nude mouse model was established to explore therapeutic effects of thalidomide. The expression of FGD5-AS1 was evaluated in carcinomatous and paracarcinomatous tissues from NSCLC patients as well as NSCLC cell lines. CCK-8 assay was performed to assess cell viability. The invasive capacity was examined using transwell assay. The tube formation assay was applied to determine cell angiogenesis. Flow cytometry was subjected to validate CD8+ T cell activity. The FGD5-AS1/miR-454-3p/ZEB1 regulatory network was analyzed using luciferase reporter, RIP and ChIP assays. RESULTS Thalidomide reduced tumor growth and angiogenesis and increased CD8+ T cell ratio in a mouse model. Enhanced expression of FGD5-AS1 was positively correlated with the poor survival of NSCLC patients. Knockdown of FGD5-AS1 notably suppressed the proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of cancer cells as well as the apoptosis of CD8+ T cells. Thalidomide targeted FGD5-AS1 to exert its anti-tumor activity in NSCLC. FGD5-AS1 acted as a sponge of miR-454-3p to upregulate ZEB1, thus increasing the expression of PD-L1 and VEGFA. Simultaneous overexpression of FGD5-AS1 and silencing of miR-454-3p reversed thalidomide-mediated anti-tumor effects in NSCLC. CONCLUSION Thalidomide inhibits NSCLC angiogenesis and immune evasion via FGD5-AS1/miR-454-3p/ZEB1 axis-mediated regulation of VEGFA expression and PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University; Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University; Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen-Hao Shen
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University; Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang-Yang Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Gao-Hua Han
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University; Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yong-Biao Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Hu K, Li NF, Li JR, Chen ZG, Wang JH, Sheng LQ. Exosome circCMTM3 promotes angiogenesis and tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma through miR-3619-5p/SOX9. Hepatol Res 2021; 51:1139-1152. [PMID: 34233088 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM As one of the most common and lethal carcinomas, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global health concern and affects millions of people worldwide. Current treatments for HCC are very limited due to its unclear pathogenesis. Here, we aim to further investigate the role of circCMTM3/microRNA (miR)-3619-5p in HCC. METHODS Human blood samples were collected from HCC patients and healthy people. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were undertaken to measure levels of circCMTM3, miR-3619-5p, SOX9, and exosome markers. The MTT, colony formation, and Transwell assays were used to examine the viability, migration, and invasion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), respectively. Tube formation assay was used to assess angiogenesis. Dual luciferase assay was used to validate circCMTM3/miR-3619-5p and miR-3619-5p/SOX9 interactions. A nude mouse xenograft model was used to test the role of circCMTM3 in HCC in vivo. RESULTS Levels of circCMTM3 in exosomes from HCC patients and cells were elevated. Knockdown of circCMTM3 greatly decreased viability, migration, and invasion of HUVECs, as well as angiogenesis. CircCMTM3 acted as a miR-3619-5p sponge and miR-3619-5p inhibitor reversed the effects of si-circCMTM3 on angiogenesis. MiR-3619-5p directly targeted SOX9 and modulated angiogenesis through SOX9. Furthermore, knockdown of circCMTM3 suppressed angiogenesis and HCC tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION The exosome circCMTM3/miR-3619-5p/SOX9 axis from HCC cells promotes angiogenesis and thus contributes to HCC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Hu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, China
| | - Nian-Feng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Rong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ze-Guo Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lang-Qing Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Chen R, Zhang C, Cheng Y, Wang S, Lin H, Zhang H. LncRNA UCC promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the miR-143-3p/SOX5 axis in non-small-cell lung cancer. J Transl Med 2021; 101:1153-1165. [PMID: 33824420 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to play regulatory roles in cancers; for example, UCC was reported to promote colorectal cancer progression. However, the function of UCC in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Therefore, mRNA and protein levels were assessed using qPCR and western blots. Cell viability was assessed by colony-formation assays. The interaction between lncRNAs and miRNAs was detected by dual-luciferase reporter and RIP assays. The tumorigenesis of NSCLC cells in vivo was determined by xenograft assays. LncRNA UCC was highly expressed in both NSCLC tissues and cells. Knockdown of UCC expression suppressed the proliferation of NSCLC cells. In addition, a dual-luciferase reporter system and RIP assays showed that UCC specifically bound to miR-143-3p and acted as a sponge of miR-143-3p in NSCLC cells. The miR-143-3p inhibitor rescued the inhibitory effect of sh-UCC on the proliferation of NSCLC cells. Moreover, miR-143-3p and UCC showed opposite effects on the expression of SOX5, which promoted EMT in NSCLC cells. In addition, in a mouse model, knockdown of UCC expression alleviated EMT and NSCLC progression in vivo, which was consistent with the in vitro results. In the current study, we found that UCC induced the proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells both in vitro and in vivo by inducing the expression of SOX5 via miR-143-3p and subsequently promoted EMT in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chunfan Zhang
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Xiangya Lung Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Pulmonary Nodules Precise Diagnosis & Treatment, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yuanda Cheng
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Xiangya Lung Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Pulmonary Nodules Precise Diagnosis & Treatment, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shaoqiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, JiNing, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hang Lin
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
- Xiangya Lung Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Pulmonary Nodules Precise Diagnosis & Treatment, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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DiStefano JK, Gerhard GS. Long Noncoding RNAs and Human Liver Disease. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2021; 17:1-21. [PMID: 34416820 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042320-115255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pervasively transcribed in the genome, exhibit a diverse range of biological functions, and exert effects through a variety of mechanisms. The sheer number of lncRNAs in the human genome has raised important questions about their potential biological significance and roles in human health and disease. Technological and computational advances have enabled functional annotation of a large number of lncRNAs. Though the number of publications related to lncRNAs has escalated in recent years, relatively few have focused on those involved in hepatic physiology and pathology. We provide an overview of evolving lncRNA classification systems and characteristics and highlight important advances in our understanding of the contribution of lncRNAs to liver disease, with a focus on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholestatic liver disease. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, Volume 17 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna K DiStefano
- Diabetes and Fibrotic Disease Research Unit, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA;
| | - Glenn S Gerhard
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA;
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11
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Bella F, Campo S. Long non-coding RNAs and their involvement in bipolar disorders. Gene 2021; 796-797:145803. [PMID: 34175394 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (nc-RNAs) can be defined as RNA molecules that are not translated into proteins. Although the functional meaning of many nc-RNAs remains still to be verified, several of these molecules have a clear biological importance, which goes from translation of mRNAs to DNA replication. Indeed, regulatory nc-RNAs can be classified into two groups: short non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) and long-non coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In the last years, lncRNAs have gained increasing importance in the study of gene regulation, helping authors understand the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular physiology and pathology. LncRNAs are greater than 200 bp and accumulate in nucleus, cytoplasm and exosomes with high tissue specificity, acting in cis or in trans in order to exert enhancer or silencer modulation on gene expression. Such regulatory features, which are widespread in human cells and tissues, can be disrupted in several morbid states. Recent evidences may suggest a disruption of lncRNAs in bipolar disorders, a cluster of severe, chronic and disabling psychiatric diseases, which are characterized by major depressive states cyclically alternating with manic episodes. Here, the authors reviewed genes, classification, biogenesis, structures, functions and databases regarding lncRNAs, and also focused on bipolar disorders, in which some lncRNAs, especially those involved in inflammation and neuronal development, has reported to be dysregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Bella
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, University of Messina, via Consolare Valeria, 1, Messina 98125 Italy
| | - Salvatore Campo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, University of Messina, via Consolare Valeria, 1, Messina 98125 Italy.
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Zhu X, Pan H, Liu L. Long noncoding RNA network: Novel insight into hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:134. [PMID: 34013360 PMCID: PMC8148093 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common, aggressive malignancies with poor prognosis and high mortality. Although great progress has been made in recent decades, overall survival of HCC patients remains unsatisfactory due to high recurrence and metastasis. Accordingly, understanding and clarifying the underlying molecular mechanisms of metastasis has become increasingly important. Recently, accumulated reports have supported that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated in HCC and are involved in various pivotal biological processes, including metastasis. The aim of this review was to investigate the dysregulation of lncRNAs in HCC and their function as oncogenes or tumour suppressors. Furthermore, reciprocal regulatory networks between lncRNAs and various molecules that were identified in HCC metastasis, including regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), controlling metastasis-associated genes, and regulating tumour angiogenesis were examined. Numerous reports and information on lncRNAs may help identify lncRNAs that are potential novel diagnostic markers, prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuming Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
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Su Y, Zhou L, Yu Q, Lu J, Liu W. Long Non-Coding RNA LOC648987 Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma by Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:1533033821997834. [PMID: 33858283 PMCID: PMC8053825 DOI: 10.1177/1533033821997834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a type of urinary tumor with a high incidence and is often associated with tumor metastasis. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) regulates tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis. However, the role and the predictive value of lncRNA in RCC progression and metastasis have not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a newly discovered lncRNA LOC648987 on RCC proliferation and metastasis. LOC648987 was identified by RT-PCR for high expression in human RCC tissues as well as in metastatic RCC tissues. In the cell experiments, we infected the RCC cell lines ACHN and 786-O cells with LOC648987-shRNA and its negative control (shNC). The results showed that the knockdown of LOC648987 inhibited the proliferation of ACHN and 786-O cells and colony formation. The cell cycle and the apoptosis progression of ACHN and 786-O cells were assessed using flow cytometry. The knockdown of LOC648987 significantly inhibited the progression of ACHN and 786-O cells from G0/G1 to S phase and promoted cell apoptosis. The metastasis promoting effects of LOC648987 on ACHN and 786-O cells were verified by transwell migration assays, which depended on vimentin and MMP-9 to regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Finally, the promotion of LOC648987 on RCC tumorigenesis was evaluated in BALb/c nude mice. These data confirmed that lncRNA LOC648987 promoted RCC cell proliferation and tumor metastasis and regulated the expression of EMT-related proteins in RCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowu Su
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ningbo Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ningbo Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ningbo Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ningbo Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of General Practice, Ningbo Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Bi F, Chen C, Fu J, Yu L, Geng J. Inhibiting proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by downregulation of long non-coding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 2 targeting microRNA-143. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:265. [PMID: 33664828 PMCID: PMC7882883 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor, which has a high incidence in children and adolescents. However, the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma remains unclear. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a new potential therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker for osteosarcoma. Hence, the present study aimed to explore the effect of lncRNA colon cancer-associated transcript (CCAT2) on osteosarcoma and its potential underlying mechanisms. For this purpose, the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells was measured using the CCK-8 assay. The scratch-wound and cell invasion assays were used to determine the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells, respectively. LncRNA CCAT2 and microRNA (miR)-143 binding sites were identified by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. RNA and protein expression levels were detected by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. Downregulation of lncRNA CCAT2 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. The findings also revealed that miR-143 bound directly to lncRNA CCAT2. The expression of miR-143 was upregulated by the knockdown of lncRNA CCAT2. Downregulation of the FOS-like antigen 2 was also observed after knockdown of lncRNA CCAT2. The function of lncRNA CCAT2 in osteosarcoma cells was attenuated by co-transfection with anti-miR-143 oligodeoxyribonucleotide. In conclusion, downregulation of lncRNA CCAT2 inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by targeting miR-143. lncRNA CCAT2 was identified as a potential target for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiang Bi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer, Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
| | - Can Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer, Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer, Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer, Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
| | - Jia Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer, Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Jia Geng, Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer, 30 Park Road, Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China, E-mail:
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LncRNA HOTAIR recruits SNAIL to inhibit the transcription of HNF4α and promote the viability, migration, invasion and EMT of colorectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101036. [PMID: 33588137 PMCID: PMC7901038 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HOTAIR recruited SNAIL and reduced the expression of HNF4α to promote EMT of colorectal cancer. Provided potential novel long non-coding RNA-directed early diagnosis and therapy for colorectal cancer. Provided further insight into the regulatory mechanism of HOTAIR in colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer causes severe burdensome on the health by its high fatality and poor prognosis. Hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) was believed closely related with the genesis and development of colorectal cancer, but the regulatory mechanism is still to be investigated. The expression of HOTAIR was analyzed in colorectal cancer using both qRT-PCR and ISH assay. The cell viability, migration, invasion and apoptosis rate were evaluated using MTT, BrdU,Transwell and flow cytometryexperiments. The interaction between HOTAIR and SNAIL was detected using RIP and RNA pull-down. The binding of SNAIL to HNF4α promoter was assessed by ChIP. The cell lines that knock down HOTAIR, SNAIL or overexpress HNF4α were constructed using retroviral vector system. The tumorigenic and metastatic capacity of colorectal cancer cells after knocking down HOTAIR were evaluated based on xenograft assay and liver metastases model. HOTAIR was highly expressed in both tissue and cell lines of colorectal cancer, indicated a regulatory function in colorectal cancer. Knock-down of HOTAIR suppressed cell viability, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of colorectal cancer cells in vitro, and inhibited the growth and metastasis of colorectal tumor in nude mice. We further found that HOTAIR suppressed HNF4α via recruiting SNAIL, and the overexpression of HNF4α inhibited cell viability, migration, invasion and EMT of colorectal cancer cells. We demonstrated that HOTAIR regulates the level of HNF4α via recruiting SNAIL, knocking down HOTAIR repressed the cell viability and metestasis of colorectal cancer cell line in vitro, and suppressed the tomorgenesis and migration/invasion of colorectal cancer in vivo.
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Chen M, Zhao M, Hou Y, Zhu B. Expression of lncRNA CCAT2 in children with neuroblastoma and its effect on cancer cell growth. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1871-1879. [PMID: 33475889 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the expression of long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) in children with neuroblastoma and its effect on cancer cell growth. A polymerase chain reaction assay was carried out to quantify lncRNA CCAT2 miRNA in neuroblastoma cells, corresponding paracancerous cells, SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), and two groups of children with different lncRNA CCAT2 expression were compared in clinical pathological parameters and prognosis. CCAT2-NC and si-CCAT2 were transfected into SH-SY5Y cells, separately. Then a 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay was carried out to analyze the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability, a flow cytometry to detect cell apoptosis, and a Western blotting (WB) assay to quantify p53 and Bcl-2 proteins. lncRNA CCAT2 expression in cancer tissues of children with neuroblastoma was notably higher than that in corresponding paracancerous tissues (P < 0.05), and children with different tissue differentiation, tumor staging, and lymph node metastasis (LNM) showed notably different lncRNA CCAT2 expression (P < 0.05). In addition, children with neuroblastoma in the high lncRNA CCAT2 expression group showed lower 3-year survival rate than those in the low expression group (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that tissue differentiation, tumor-node-metastasis staging, LNM, and lncRNA CCAT2 expression were all independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of children with neuroblastoma (all P < 0.05). Compared with HUVEC cells, SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells showed notably up-regulated lncRNA CCAT2, and the expression of it in SH-SY5Y was higher than that in SK-N-SH cells (P < 0.05). Compared with the CCAT2-NC group, the si-CCAT2 group presented notably down-regulated CCAT2 (P < 0.05). Moreover, according to the MTT assay, the si-CCAT2 group showed notably weakened cell viability and proliferation than the CCAT2-NC group (both P < 0.05), and SH-SY5Y cells in the former group were less active than those in the latter group in terms of migration and invasion. The cell apoptosis rate of SH-SY5Y cells in the si-CCAT2 was higher than that in the CCAT2-NC. The results suggested that knock down of lncRNA CCAT2 could improve the apoptosis activity of neuroblastoma cells in children. According to the WB assay, the si-CCAT2 group showed notably higher p53 expression and notably lower Bcl-2 protein expression than the CCAT2-NC group (both P < 0.05). LncRNA CCAT2 can inhibit the proliferation of neuroblastoma cells and promote their apoptosis, which provides a basis for the treatment of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, Hubei, China.
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441021, Hubei, China
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Li Y, He HC, Zhou DL, Liu Q, Zhang X, Yang XH, Ye ZL, Peng JL, Tang T, Su X, He CY. Associations between lncRNA-related polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: A two-stage case-control study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:233-239. [PMID: 32453900 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are potential biomarkers for cancer risk, but their association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. We examined the association of lncRNA-related SNPs with HCC susceptibility and explored the optimal genetic models for SNPs. METHODS Five candidate SNPs linked with digestive tumors were first genotyped in a screening population of 700 HCC and 2800 control cases. The association between each SNP and HCC risk was estimated by multivariate logistic regression adjusted by sex and age and recorded as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval. Significant associations were further tested in a validation population with 1140 HCC and 5115 control cases. Finally, the most appropriate genetic models for HCC-associated SNPs were identified using pairwise allele differences; the overall gene effects of each SNP were further evaluated based on optimal genetic models. RESULTS Three candidate SNPs, rs7315438, rs6983267, and rs10795668, showed statistical connections with HCC risk in the discovery stage. Among these, rs7315438 remained steadily significant in the validation stage; rs7315438 and rs10795668 both reached statistical threshold in the combined analysis of both stages. SNP rs7315438 (TC vs TT/CC, OR = 1.410, P < 0.001) was associated with increased risk of HCC in a complete overdominant model, whereas rs10795668 (AG vs AA/GG, OR = 0.892, P = 0.035) exerted a protective effect on HCC risk in a complete overdominant model. CONCLUSIONS Long non-coding RNA-related SNPs rs7315438 and rs10795668 are potential biomarkers for HCC susceptibility, especially when evaluated based on their optimal genetic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Chan He
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Lei Zhou
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Hua Yang
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zu-Lu Ye
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Ling Peng
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Su
- Department of Head and Neck, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Yun He
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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He G, Yao W, Li L, Wu Y, Feng G, Chen L. LOXL1-AS1 contributes to the proliferation and migration of laryngocarcinoma cells through miR-589-5p/TRAF6 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:504. [PMID: 33061856 PMCID: PMC7552551 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LOXL1-AS1 is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that plays crucial roles in various cancers. However, the functional role of LOXL1-AS1 in laryngocarcinoma remains unclear. Thus we planned to probe into the function and underlying mechanism of LOXL1-AS1 in laryngocarcinoma. Methods Gene expression was evaluated in laryngocarcinoma cells using RT-qPCR. The ability of cell proliferation and migration was assessed by CCK8, colony formation, wound healing and transwell assays. The interaction among LOXL1-AS1, miR-589-5p and TRAF6 was detected by Ago2-RIP, RNA pull down and luciferase reporter assays. Results LOXL1-AS1 was overexpressed in laryngocarcinoma cells. Silencing of LOXL1-AS1 suppressed cell proliferation, migration and EMT in laryngocarcinoma. Moreover, miR-589-5p, the downstream of LOXL1-AS1, directly targeted TRAF6 in laryngocarcinoma. Importantly, LOXL1-AS1 augmented TRAF6 expression in laryngocarcinoma cells by sequestering miR-589-5p. Besides, miR-589-5p worked as a tumor-inhibitor while TRAF6 functioned as a tumor-facilitator in laryngocarcinoma. Of note, rescue experiments both in vitro and in vivo validated that LOXL1-AS1 aggravated the malignancy in laryngocarcinoma by targeting miR-589-5p/TRAF6 pathway. Conclusions LOXL1-AS1 promotes the proliferation and migration of laryngocarcinoma cells through absorbing miR-589-5p to upregulate TRAF6 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijun He
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, 222023 Jiangsu China
| | - Wenfeng Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First People's Hospital of Xinxiang City, Xinxiang, 453000 Henan China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, 222023 Jiangsu China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, 222023 Jiangsu China
| | - Guojian Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, 222023 Jiangsu China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, No. 41, Longtou Middle Road, Shizhong District, Zaozhuang, 277100 Shandong China
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Li C, Yang J, Liu C, Wang X, Zhang L. Long non-coding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: Ordering of the complicated lncRNA regulatory network and novel strategies for HCC clinical diagnosis and treatment. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104848. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Wang TX, Tan WL, Huang JC, Cui ZF, Liang RD, Li QC, Lu H. Identification of aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes targeted by differentially expressed miRNA in osteosarcoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:373. [PMID: 32355817 PMCID: PMC7186728 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumors diagnosed in children and adolescents. Recent studies have shown a prognostic role of DNA methylation in various cancers, including OS. The aim of this study was to identify the aberrantly methylated genes that are prognostically relevant in OS. Methods The differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs and methylated genes (DEGs, DEMs and DMGs respectively) were screened from various GEO databases, and the potential target genes of the DEMs were predicted by the RNA22 program. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using the STRING database and visualized by Cytoscape software. The functional enrichment and survival analyses of the screened genes was performed using the R software. Results Forty-seven downregulated hypermethylated genes and three upregulated hypomethylated genes were identified that were enriched in cell activation, migration and proliferation functions, and were involved in cancer-related pathways like JAK-STAT and PI3K-AKT. Eight downregulated hypermethylated tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) were identified among the screened genes based on the TSGene database. These hub genes are likely involved in OS genesis, progression and metastasis, and are potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Conclusions TSGs including PYCARD, STAT5A, CXCL12 and CXCL14 were aberrantly methylated in OS, and are potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Our findings provide new insights into the role of methylation in OS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Xuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Wen-Le Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoding People's Hospital, Luoding 527200, China
| | - Jin-Cheng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Ri-Dong Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Southern Medical University Affiliated Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 523800, China
| | - Qing-Chu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Academy of Orthopedics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
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Niu C, Wang L, Ye W, Guo S, Bao X, Wang Y, Xia Z, Chen R, Liu C, Lin X, Huang X. CCAT2 contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma progression via inhibiting miR-145 maturation to induce MDM2 expression. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6307-6320. [PMID: 32037568 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) has been recently found to function as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanisms of CCAT2 in HCC development remain to be further explored. In the present study, we found that CCAT2 was abnormally upregulated in HCC cells and tissue specimens, exhibiting an inverse correlation with microRNA (miR)-145 expression. Mechanistic investigation showed that CCAT2 selectively blocked miR-145 processing, leading to decreased mature miR-145 presence. Both the in vitro and in vivo effects of CCAT2 knockdown on the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells were reversed by miR-145 inhibitor, indicating that miR-145 modulation accounts for CCAT2-meditated HCC progression. Furthermore, miR-145 mimic dramatically suppressed HCC cells' proliferation and metastasis, revealing a tumor suppressor role of miR-145 in HCC. Mechanistically, MDM2 was predicted to be a potential target of miR-145. The luciferase and western blot assay demonstrated that miR-145 mimic largely inhibited MDM2 3'-untranslated region luciferase activity and MDM2 expression, followed by the upregulation of p53/p21 expression. Finally, the coexpression of MDM2 in miR-145 mimic-transfected HCC cells was able to largely compromise the inhibitory effects of miR-145 mimic on HCC cells' proliferation and metastasis in vitro and tumor formation in a xenograft model, confirming MDM2 is the critical mediator of miR-145 in HCC. In summary, our findings indicated that CCAT2 selectively blocks the miR-145 maturation process and plays an oncogene in HCC. Furthermore, a novel CCAT2/miR-145/MDM2 axis was revealed in HCC development and might provide a new target in the molecular treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Niu
- Pediatric Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Pediatric Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weijian Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shikun Guo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhou Bao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongbiao Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhaobo Xia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Randong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Lishui City, Lishui, China
| | - Xiaokun Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhong Huang
- Pediatric Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Wang M, Wang L, He X, Zhang J, Zhu Z, Zhang M, Li X. lncRNA CCAT2 promotes radiotherapy resistance for human esophageal carcinoma cells via the miR‑145/p70S6K1 and p53 pathway. Int J Oncol 2019; 56:327-336. [PMID: 31789385 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The long non‑coding RNA colon cancer‑associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) is abnormally expressed in various types of malignant tumor tissues and considered to be an oncogene, including for esophageal cancer (EC). Radiotherapy is an important and widely used cancer treatment. However, some patients with EC do not respond to radiotherapy. This study was designed to investigate effects of CCAT2 expression on radiotherapy dynamics for EC cells and to explore underlying molecular mechanisms. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was used to measure CCAT2 expression in EC tissues, normal esophageal mucosa, EC cells and normal human esophageal epithelial cells. TUNEL assays were used to assess the effect of CCAT2 on X‑ray‑induced apoptosis of EC cells. Protein expression was detected by western blot. CCAT2 was highly expressed in EC tissues and EC cells, and was negatively associated with radiotherapy efficacy in patients with EC. In vitro, knockdown of CCAT2 enhanced radiosensitivity of EC cells and promoted apoptosis by increasing Bax/Bcl2 and active‑caspase 3/caspase 3 following X‑ray treatment. In addition, CCAT2 negatively regulated miR‑145 and P70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K1) expression, and inhibited phosphorylation of Akt, ERK and p70S6K1 in EC cells. After X‑ray treatment, CCAT2 negatively regulated protein levels of p53, P21 and c‑Myc. These results showed that CCAT2 promoted the radiotherapy resistance of EC cells via negative regulation of the miR‑145/p70S6K1 and the p53 signaling pathways and associated elements may be potential targets for improving the sensitivity of EC radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Xiang He
- Department of CT Diagnosis, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mengcun County Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061400, P.R. China
| | - Zhongcheng Zhu
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Mingyun Zhang
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Xingde Li
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
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Fu C, Xu X, Lu W, Nie L, Yin T, Wu D. Increased expression of long non-coding RNA CCAT2 predicts poorer prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17412. [PMID: 31626095 PMCID: PMC6824708 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) is a 1752-bp lncRNA transcribed from m8q24 genomic region. A lot of investigations have confirmed the involvement of CCAT2 in the tumorigenesis of many cancer types. Previous studies found that over-expression of CCAT2 significantly promoted cell migration and proliferation, and inhibited apoptosis of HCC cells. In the present investigation, the clinical value and prognostic significance of CCAT2 were investigated. METHODS The 122 pairs of HCC tissues and adjacent normal liver tissues were acquired between September 2013 and February 2018. The expression levels of CCAT2 in HCC tissues and their corresponding adjacent normal liver tissues were examined by RT-qPCR analysis. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed using the log-rank test. Independent prognostic indicators were determined in the multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazard model. RESULTS CCAT2 expression levels were significantly increased in HCC tissues compared to that in their normal counterparts (P < .001). CCAT2 expression was significantly correlated with vascular invasion (P = .001), histopathologic grading (P = .001), distant metastasis (P = .002) and TNM stage (P = .018). A Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the overall survival rate of HCC patients in high CCAT2 expression group markedly decreased as compared with that of low CCAT2 expression group (P = .016). In addition, COX multivariate analysis showed that high expression of CCAT2 was an independent risk factor for predicting shorter overall survival time in HCC (HR = 2.126, 95%CI:1.273-8.775, P = .021). CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this research revealed that lncRNA CCAT2 may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting overall survival time in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changbo Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery
| | - Xuan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Provincial Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weijun Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery
| | - Lei Nie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery
| | - Tao Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery
| | - Dongde Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Taheri M. Colon Cancer-Associated Transcripts 1 and 2: Roles and functions in human cancers. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14581-14600. [PMID: 30693526 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) Colon Cancer-Associated Transcripts 1 and 2 (CCAT1 and CCAT2) are located in a recurrently amplified region in cancers. Their proximity with the Myc oncogene and their interactions with its promoter provided further evidence for their contribution in the tumorigenesis processes. Several cell line and clinical studies have shown upregulation of these lncRNAs in diverse malignancies. Moreover, some single nucleotide variants within these genes have been associated with cancer risk or therapeutic response in different populations. Besides, these two lncRNAs act as sponges for some tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs), thus promoting cancer evolution. In the current study, we review recent literature about their expression level, interaction with cancer-related pathways, their role in determination of cell fate and their contribution in malignant phenotype characteristics. Taken together, the current literature shows that these lncRNAs are putative targets for design of novel treatment strategies. Moreover, their expression levels in biopsied samples, exosomes, and sera of patients might be applied as diagnostic biomarkers or markers for patient follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sayad A, Taheri M, Omrani MD, Fallah H, Kholghi Oskooei V, Ghafouri-Fard S. Peripheral expression of long non-coding RNAs in bipolar patients. J Affect Disord 2019; 249:169-174. [PMID: 30772744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have established roles in the pathogenesis of diverse human disorders including neuropsychiatric disorders. METHODS In the current study, we evaluated expression levels of six apoptosis-related lncRNAs (CCAT2, TUG1, PANDA, NEAT1, FAS-AS1 and OIP5-AS1) in the peripheral blood of bipolar disorder (BD) patients and healthy subjects to assess their contribution in the pathogenesis of BD. RESULTS CCAT2, TUG1 and PANDA were up-regulated in total BD patients compared with total healthy subjects (P values = 0.006, <0.001 and 0.004 respectively) while OIP5-AS1 was down-regulated (P = 0.001). When expression levels of these genes were compared between patients and sex-matched healthy subjects, CCAT2 and TUG1 expression levels were only different in male subgroups; while PANDA expression was different in both male and female subgroups compared with the corresponding control subgroups. Transcript levels of lncRNAs were not correlated with any of demographic or clinical parameters of BD patients or controls after adjustment for gender. Pairwise correlations between expression levels of lncRNAs followed a disease-dependent manner. Based on receiver operating characteristic curves, among the assessed lncRNAs TUG1 had the highest diagnostic power in BD. Combination of transcript levels of CCAT2, TUG1, PANDA and OIP5-AS1 improved both sensitivity and specificity resulting in diagnostic power of 0.96. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated a possible role of certain lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of BD and potentiated them as diagnostic markers in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Fallah
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Kholghi Oskooei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang YG, Wang T, Shi M, Zhai B. Long noncoding RNA EPB41L4A-AS2 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma development by sponging miR-301a-5p and targeting FOXL1. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:153. [PMID: 30971290 PMCID: PMC6458726 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major histological type of liver cancer with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) has been proved to be associated with various cancer types, while its regulation in HCC is largely unknown. METHODS To figure out the specific role of lncRNA EPB41L4A-AS2 in HCC. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was first used to determine the cellular sublocalization of EPB41L4A-AS2 to determine its primary mode of action. QRT-PCR, Western blot and hematoxylin-eosin staining were then used to measure the expression of genes in cells and tissues. Cell proliferation and invasion assays were performed to determine the effects of EPB41L4A-AS2, miR-301a-5p and FOXL1 on the malignant phenotype of tumor cells. With luciferase reporter assay, the direct interaction between target genes were further confirmed for research on molecular mechanism. Finally, the mice hepatocarcinoma model was also established to disclose the tumor suppressor effects of EPB41L4A-AS2 in vivo. RESULTS Here, we have identified a novel lncRNA EPB41L4A-AS2, which is significantly downregulated both in HCC cells and tissues, and plays a negative regulatory role in HCC proliferation and invasion. Mechanistically, cytoplasmic lncRNA EPB41L4A-AS2 functions as an efficient miR-301a-5p sponge, thereby release the expression inhibition of forkhead box L1 (FOXL1). Indeed, lncRNA EPB41L4A-AS2 inhibits proliferation and migration by upregulating FOXL1 expression and FOXL1 was confirmed as a direct target of miR-301a-5p. MiR-301a-5p shows an inverse correlation with EPB41L4A-AS2 expression and was verified as a direct target of EPB41L4A-AS2 as well. Correspondingly, FOXL1 and miR-301a-5p show opposite biological effects in cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, miR-301a-5p overexpression rescued the EPB41L4A-AS2 upregulation induced depression in proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells, as well as promotion effect on FOXL1 expression. Also, in vivo experiments proved that EPB41L4A-AS2 suppress tumor growth and extrahepatic metastasis (lung) via the miR-301a-5p-FOXL1 axis. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this research revealed a concrete mechanism of lncRNA EPB41L4A-AS2 in HCC, which may serve as a potential biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for further clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Gang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhai
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Only a small fraction of the human genome corresponds to protein-coding genes. Historically, the vast majority of genomic sequence was dismissed as transcriptionally silent, but recent large-scale investigations have instead revealed a rich array of functionally significant elements, including non-protein-coding transcripts, within the noncoding regions of the human genome. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of noncoding transcripts with lengths >200 nucleotides, are pervasively transcribed in the genome, and have been shown to bind DNA, RNA, and protein. LncRNAs exert effects through a variety of mechanisms that include guiding chromatin-modifying complexes to specific genomic loci, providing molecular scaffolds, modulating transcriptional programs, and regulating miRNA expression. An increasing number of experimental studies are providing evidence that lncRNAs mediate disease pathogenesis, thereby challenging the concept that protein-coding genes are the sole contributors to the development of human disease. This chapter highlights recent findings linking lncRNAs with human diseases of complex etiology, including hepatocellular carcinoma, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes.
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Expression of Long Non-Coding RNAs (UCA1 and CCAT2) in the Blood of Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Case - Control Study. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.66334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Hu X, Jiang J, Xu Q, Ni C, Yang L, Huang D. A Systematic Review of Long Noncoding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Molecular Mechanism and Clinical Implications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8126208. [PMID: 30105249 PMCID: PMC6076971 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8126208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has the second highest mortality rate worldwide among all cancers. Previous studies have revealed the significant involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in numerous human cancers including HCC. Both oncogenic and tumor repressive lncRNAs have been identified and implicated in the complex process of hepatocarcinogenesis. They can be further explored as prospective diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic markers for HCC. An in-depth understanding of lncRNAs' mechanism in HCC is therefore required to fully explore their potential role. In the current review, we will concentrate on the underlying function, molecular mechanisms, and potential clinical implications of lncRNA in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Jiahong Jiang
- Department of Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Chao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
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Peng L, Yuan XQ, Zhang CY, Peng JY, Zhang YQ, Pan X, Li GC. The emergence of long non-coding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. J Cancer 2018; 9:2549-2558. [PMID: 30026854 PMCID: PMC6036883 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounting for roughly 90% of all primary liver neoplasms is the sixth most frequent neoplasm and the second prominent reason of tumor fatality worldwide. As regulators of diverse biological processes, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in onset and development of neoplasms. With the continuous booming of well-featured lncRNAs in HCC from 2016 to now, we reviewed the newly-presented comprehension about the relationship between lncRNAs and HCC in this study. To be specific, we summarized the overview function and study tools of lncRNAs, elaborated the roles of lncRNAs in HCC, and sketched the molecule mechanisms of lncRNAs in HCC. In addition, the application of lncRNAs serving as biomarkers in early diagnosis and outcome prediction of HCC patients was highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Chao-Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
| | - Jiang-Yun Peng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
| | - Xi Pan
- Department of Oncology, the third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Cheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
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Wang BG, Xu Q, Lv Z, Fang XX, Ding HX, Wen J, Yuan Y. Association of twelve polymorphisms in three onco-lncRNA genes with hepatocellular cancer risk and prognosis: A case-control study. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:2482-2490. [PMID: 29930469 PMCID: PMC6010940 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i23.2482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the association of 12 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) in three onco-long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes (HOTTIP, CCAT2, MALAT1) with the risk and prognosis of hepatocellular cancer (HCC).
METHODS Twelve tagSNPs covering the three onco-lncRNAs were genotyped by the KASP method in a total of 1338 samples, including 521 HCC patients and frequency-matched 817 controls. The samples were obtained from an unrelated Chinese population at the First Hospital of China Medical University from 2012-2015. The expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses were conducted to explore further the potential function of the promising SNPs.
RESULTS Three SNPs in HOTTIP, one promoter SNP in MALAT1, and one haplotype of HOTTIP were associated with HCC risk. The HOTTIP rs17501292, rs2067087, and rs17427960 SNPs were increased to 1.55-, 1.20-, and 1.18-fold HCC risk under allelic models (P = 0.012, 0.017 and 0.049, respectively). MALAT1 rs4102217 SNP was increased to a 1.32-fold HCC risk under dominant models (P = 0.028). In addition, the two-way interaction of HOTTIP rs17501292-MALAT1 rs619586 polymorphisms showed a decreased effect on HCC risk (Pinteraction = 0.028, OR = 0.30) and epistasis with each other. HOTTIP rs3807598 variant genotype showed significantly longer survival time in HBV negative subgroup (P = 0.049, HR = 0.12), and MALAT1 rs591291 showed significantly better prognosis in female and HBV negative subgroups (P = 0.022, HR = 0.37; P = 0.042, HR = 0.25, respectively). In the study, no significant effect was observed in eQTL analysis.
CONCLUSION Specific lncRNA (HOTTIP and MALAT1) SNPs have potential to be biomarkers for HCC risk and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Gang Wang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department of General Surgery Institute, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhi Lv
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Fang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Han-Xi Ding
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
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Yan L, Wu X, Yin X, Du F, Liu Y, Ding X. LncRNA CCAT2 promoted osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2592-2599. [PMID: 29502343 PMCID: PMC5908115 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) plays important roles in tumour progression. Accumulating studies demonstrated that lncRNA colon cancer‐associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) acted as an oncogene in many tumours. However, the role of CCAT2 in the development of osteosarcoma has not been elucidated. In our study, we indicated that CCAT2 expression was up‐regulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines (SOSP‐9607, MG‐63, U2OS and SAOS‐2). In addition, osteosarcoma cases with higher CCAT2 expression had a poorer disease‐free survival and shorter the overall survival time compared to those with lower expression. Overexpression of CCAT2 promoted osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion and cell cycle. Furthermore, ectopic expression of CCAT2 increased the expression of mesenchymal markers N‐cadherin, vimentin and snail and reduced the expression of N‐cadherin marker E‐cadherin. CCAT2 overexpression promoted the LATS2 and c‐Myc expression in osteosarcoma cell. These data indicated that CCAT2 served as an oncogene in osteosarcoma and promoted osteosarcoma cell proliferation, cell cycle and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yan
- Department of Oncology, The Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Xiangkun Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Xianzhe Yin
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Feng Du
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Yongxi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Xunmeng Ding
- Department of Oncology, The Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
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El Khodiry A, Afify M, El Tayebi HM. Behind the curtain of non-coding RNAs; long non-coding RNAs regulating hepatocarcinogenesis. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:549-572. [PMID: 29434445 PMCID: PMC5799857 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i5.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and aggressive cancers worldwide. HCC is the fifth common malignancy in the world and the second leading cause of cancer death in Asia. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNAs with a length greater than 200 nucleotides that do not encode proteins. lncRNAs can regulate gene expression and protein synthesis in several ways by interacting with DNA, RNA and proteins in a sequence specific manner. They could regulate cellular and developmental processes through either gene inhibition or gene activation. Many studies have shown that dysregulation of lncRNAs is related to many human diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, genetic disorders, neurological diseases, immune mediated disorders and cancers. However, the study of lncRNAs is challenging as they are poorly conserved between species, their expression levels aren’t as high as that of mRNAs and have great interpatient variations. The study of lncRNAs expression in cancers have been a breakthrough as it unveils potential biomarkers and drug targets for cancer therapy and helps understand the mechanism of pathogenesis. This review discusses many long non-coding RNAs and their contribution in HCC, their role in development, metastasis, and prognosis of HCC and how to regulate and target these lncRNAs as a therapeutic tool in HCC treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya El Khodiry
- Genetic Pharmacology Research Group, Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Menna Afify
- Genetic Pharmacology Research Group, Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hend M El Tayebi
- Genetic Pharmacology Research Group, Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
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Bai JG, Tang RF, Shang JF, Qi S, Yu GD, Sun C. Upregulation of long non‑coding RNA CCAT2 indicates a poor prognosis and promotes proliferation and metastasis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5328-5335. [PMID: 29393466 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) is an aggressive cancer with a poor survival rate and is the second most common type of primary cancer of the hepatobiliary system. At present, the molecular mechanisms of IHCC initiation and progression remain unclear. Recent evidence has indicated that long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve a crucial role in cancer development; however, the functional role of lncRNAs in IHCC has not been investigated in detail. In the present study, a marked overexpression of lncRNA colon cancer‑associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) was observed in IHCC cell lines and clinical specimens. Statistical analysis of IHCC clinicopathological characteristics and CCAT2 expression data revealed that high CCAT2 expression levels correlated with microvascular invasion, differentiation grade, tumor (T), lymph node (N), metastasis (M) and overall TNM stages of IHCC (P<0.05). Kaplan‑Meier analysis demonstrated that CCAT2 upregulation was associated with poor overall survival and progression‑free survival in IHCC. Furthermore, high CCAT2 expression was identified as an independent risk factor of IHCC poor prognosis in both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The role of CCAT2 in promoting IHCC cell proliferation, motility and invasion was further confirmed with in vitro assays. Therefore, CCAT2 may promote IHCC progression and metastasis, and may be a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in IHCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Feng Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Feng Shang
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Daming, Handan, Hebei 056900, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Qi
- Second Department of Surgery, The People's Hospital of Luancheng, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 051430, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Dong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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Cai Y, Li X, Shen P, Zhang D. CCAT2 is an oncogenic long non-coding RNA in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Biol Res 2018; 51:1. [PMID: 29298720 PMCID: PMC5751927 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-017-0149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly aggressive with poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a group of non-coding RNAs, play important roles in the progression of PDAC. This study aimed to investigate the potential involvement of lncRNA CCAT2 in PDAC tumorigenesis. Methods Expression of CCAT2 was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in 80 human PDAC tissues and three PDAC cell lines. The effects of CCAT2 silencing in PANC-1 cells on cell proliferation and invasion were studied using MTT assay and transwell assay, respectively. The effect of CCAT2 silencing on tumorigenesis was assessed by PANC-1 xenograft in vivo. Using si-KRAS, the role of KRAS to regulate CCAT2 was evaluated by qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter assay. The involvement of MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling in CCAT2 regulation was investigated by pathway inhibitors PD98059 and LY294002, respectively. Results CCAT2 was significantly elevated in high-grade PDAC tissues and higher CCAT2 expression was correlated with lower survival rate in PDAC patients. CCAT2 was up-regulated in PDAC cell lines, as compared with normal pancreatic cells. Silencing of CCAT2 inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in PANC-1 cells in vitro, and attenuated tumorigenesis of PANC-1 xenograft in vivo. Furthermore, CCAT2 was regulated by KRAS through MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Conclusions CCAT2 is an oncogenic lncRNA in PDAC likely regulated by the KRAS-MEK/ERK pathway. It could be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cai
- Department of Geriatric Oncology, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Department of Geriatric Oncology, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Shen
- The Fourth Division of Department of Internal Medicine, Huailai County Hospital, Fuqianddong Rd, Huailai, Zhangjiakou, Beihe, 075400, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Oncology, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
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Yu ZY, Wang Z, Lee KY, Yuan P, Ding J. Effect of silencing colon cancer-associated transcript 2 on the proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy of gastric cancer BGC-823 cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:3127-3132. [PMID: 29435046 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the carcinogenesis and progression of tumors has been receiving increasing attention. Colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2), a type of oncogenic lncRNA, is regarded as a novel biomarker of poor prognosis and metastasis in various types of cancer. However, the molecular contributions of CCAT2 to gastric cancer (GC) progression remain largely unclear. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the effect of silencing CCAT2 on the biological behavior of GC BGC-823 cells and illustrate the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. A short hairpin RNA interference plasmid pRNAT-U6.1-CCAT2 targeting CCAT2 was successfully constructed. At 48 h after transfection with the interference plasmid, the survival rate of BGC-823 cells was significantly decreased, as determined by the MTT assay. In addition, RT-qPCR results revealed that CCAT2 gene expression was effectively suppressed by the transfection, while POU domain class 5 transcription factor 1B (POU5F1B) gene expression was significantly decreased. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay further revealed that the apoptotic index was significantly higher in the interference group. Western blot analysis also demonstrated that the expression of beclin-1 protein was significantly increased, whereas the expression levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) proteins were downregulated in the interference group. In conclusion, CCAT2 was able to positively regulate the expression of POU5F1B gene. Furthermore, silencing of CCAT2 gene inhibited the proliferation of BGC-823 cells, as well as induced apoptosis and autophagy in BGC-823 cells, by suppression of the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Yue Lee
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
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Xie P, Cao H, Li Y, Wang J, Cui Z. Knockdown of lncRNA CCAT2 inhibits endometrial cancer cells growth and metastasis via sponging miR-216b. Cancer Biomark 2017; 21:123-133. [PMID: 29036788 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2), a novel lncRNA has been reported as an oncogene in several cancers. This study was aimed to explore whether CCAT2 also exerted oncogenic roles in endometrial cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of CCAT2 in 30 pairs of endometrial cancer and matched non-cancerous tissues were detected by qRT-PCR. Two endometrial cancer cell lines HEC-1-A and RL95-2 were used throughout this study. CCAT2 in cells was silenced by transfection with shRNA targeted CCAT2, then cell growth and metastasis were assessed by performing trypan blue staining, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the combination of miR-216b and CCAT2. Besides, the expression of miR-216b and Bcl-2 in cells were overexpressed or suppressed by transfection with their correspondingly mimic/vector or inhibitor/shRNA. qRT-PCR and western blot analysis were performed to detect the expression of Bcl-2 and main factors in PTEN/PI3K/AKT and mTOR signaling pathways. RESULTS CCAT2 was highly expressed in endometrial cancer tissues when compared to non-cancerous endometrial tissues. Knockdown of CCAT2 inhibited HEC-1-A and RL95-2 cells viability, migration, invasion, but induced apoptosis. CCAT2 was an endogenous sponge by competing for miR-216b, and miR-216b suppression alleviated CCAT2 silence-diminished cell growth and metastasis. miR-216b negatively regulated Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 could further active PTEN/PI3K/AKT and mTOR signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS To conclude, these results demonstrated lncRNA CCAT2 was highly expressed in endometrial cancer tissues. Knockdown of CCAT2 inhibited cell growth and metastasis of endometrial cancer cells by sponging miR-216b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengmu Xie
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China
- Department of Gynecology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, Shandong, China
| | - Hongying Cao
- Department of Pathology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze 274300, Shandong, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze 274300, Shandong, China
| | - Zhumei Cui
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China
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Long noncoding RNAs in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Noncoding RNA Res 2017; 2:129-136. [PMID: 30159431 PMCID: PMC6084840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite awareness of risk factors for the development of HCC and advances in the diagnosis and clinical management of the disease, the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatocarcinogenesis remain poorly understood. Recent experimental studies provide strong evidence that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), non-protein-coding transcripts with lengths >200 basepairs, contribute to the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases. Over the past decade, a role for lncRNAs in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of HCC has likewise emerged and developed into a highly active area of research. Although many lncRNAs appear to be dysregulated in HCC, extensive functional characterization has been performed on only a small proportion of these candidates to date. This review summarizes select lncRNAs that have been shown to wield functional relevance in the initiation, progression, or metastasis of HCC, focusing on the specific mechanisms by which lncRNA effects might be linked to clinical manifestations of the disease. In addition, an overview of circulating lncRNAs that have been identified as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC is provided.
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Malhotra A, Jain M, Prakash H, Vasquez KM, Jain A. The regulatory roles of long non-coding RNAs in the development of chemoresistance in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110671-110684. [PMID: 29299178 PMCID: PMC5746413 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the major hurdles in the treatment of breast cancer, which limits the effect of both targeted and conventional therapies in clinical settings. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underpinning resistance is paramount for developing strategies to circumvent resistance in breast cancer patients. Several published reports have indicated that lncRNAs play a dynamic role in the regulation of both intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance through a variety of mechanisms that endow cells with a drug-resistant phenotype. Although a number of lncRNAs have been implicated in chemoresistance of breast cancer, their mechanistic roles have not been systematically reviewed. Thus, here we present a detailed review on the latest research findings and discoveries on the mechanisms of acquisition of chemoresistance in breast cancer related to lncRNAs, and how lncRNAs take part in various cancer signalling pathways involved in breast cancer cells. Knowledge obtained from this review could assist in the development of new strategies to avoid or reverse drug resistance in breast cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Malhotra
- Center for Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Manju Jain
- Center for Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Hridayesh Prakash
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India
| | - Karen M Vasquez
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, TX, USA
| | - Aklank Jain
- Center for Animal Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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Huo X, Han S, Wu G, Latchoumanin O, Zhou G, Hebbard L, George J, Qiao L. Dysregulated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hepatocellular carcinoma: implications for tumorigenesis, disease progression, and liver cancer stem cells. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:165. [PMID: 29061150 PMCID: PMC5651571 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumours with a poor prognosis worldwide. While early stage tumours can be treated with curative approaches such as liver transplantation or surgical resection, these are only suitable for a minority of patients. Those with advanced stage disease are only suitable for supportive approaches and most are resistant to the conventional chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are a small subset of cancer cells with unlimited differentiation ability and tumour forming potential. In order to develop novel therapeutic approaches for HCC, we need to understand how the cancer develops and why treatment resistance occurs. Using high-throughput sequencing techniques, a large number of dysregulated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified, and some of which are closely linked to key aspects of liver cancer pathology, progression, outcomes and for the maintenance of cancer stem cell-like properties. In addition, some lncRNAs are potential biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and may serve as the therapeutic targets. This review summarizes data recently reported lncRNAs that might be critical for the maintenance of the biological properties of LCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Huo
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Shuanglin Han
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116027, China
| | - Guang Wu
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Olivier Latchoumanin
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Gang Zhou
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Lionel Hebbard
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centre for Comparative Genomics, The Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, QLD, Townsville, 4811, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
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Qiu L, Tang Q, Li G, Chen K. Long non-coding RNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets: Recent insights into hepatocellular carcinoma. Life Sci 2017; 191:273-282. [PMID: 28987633 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary liver cancer worldwide, and the survival rates of patients with HCC remains quite low after 5years. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are a novel class of non-coding RNAs that are capable of regulating gene expression at various levels. Recent works have demonstrated that lncRNAs are often dysregulated in HCC, and the dysregulation of some of these lncRNAs are associated with the clinicopathological features of HCC. They regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis of HCC by modulating gene expression and cancer-related signaling pathways, and thus contribute to the onset and progression of HCC. In this review, we provide a comprehensive survey of dysregulated lncRNAs in HCC, with particular focus on the functions and regulatory mechanisms of several essential and important lncRNAs, and discuss their potential clinical application as early diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Qiu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Guohui Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Keping Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China.
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NEAT1 promotes cell proliferation and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma by negative regulating miR-613 expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:612-618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Wang D, Chen Z, Xu H, He A, Liu Y, Huang W. Long noncoding RNA CCAT2 as a novel biomaker of metastasis and prognosis in human cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:75664-75674. [PMID: 29088900 PMCID: PMC5650455 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer-associated transcript2 (CCAT2), a long noncoding RNA (LncRNA), has been found to function as an oncogene in various cancers. However, the clinical value of CCAT2 in cancers remains unclear. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to investigate the association between CCAT2 level and metastasis & prognosis in malignant tumors. The meta analysis was performed by using a systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception to NOV 17, 2016. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,9 studies with 1084 patients were included in the meta-analysis.The result showed that overexpression of CCAT2 is positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (Odds ratio,OR=3.57, 95 % confidence interval(CI): 1.79-7.13, p<0.001) in a random-effects model (I2=71%, p=0.008) and distant metastasis(OR=7.68, 95 % CI: 3. 29-17.96, p<0.001) in a random-effects model (I2=41.9%, p=0.16).Likewise,we also found that high CCAT2 expression could predict unfavourable overall survival with pooled hazard ratio (HR) of 2.23 (95 % CI 1.68-2.96, p<0.00001) by a random-effects model (I2=37.5%, p=0.143) and poor metastasis-free survival in cancer patients (HR= 2.08, 95%CI:1.37-3.18 p=0.001) by a fixed-effects model (I2=0.0%, p=0.807). In conclusion,CCAT2 might be served as a novel molecular marker for predicting metastasis and prognosis in various human-cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dailian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong ,China
| | - Zhicong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haidan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Anbang He
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiren Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Dou C, Sun L, Jin X, Han M, Zhang B, Jiang X, Lv J, Li T. Long non-coding RNA CARLo-5 promotes tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinoma via suppressing miR-200b expression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:70172-70182. [PMID: 29050269 PMCID: PMC5642544 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in cancer initiation and progression. The aim was to investigate the biological functions and clinical significance of long non-coding RNA CARLo-5 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). QRT-PCR was performed to investigate CARLo-5 expression in HCC tissues and cells. Kaplan-Meier curve and multivariate analysis validated the association between CARLo-5 expression and overall survival (OS) in HCC patients. Cell proliferation and invasion was performed by CCK8 cell proliferation, cell colony formation and transwell invasion assays. Western-blot assay was performed to evaluate the protein expression of Twist1, ZEB1, E-cadherin and Vimentin. Tumor xenografts were performed to evaluate the effect of CARLo-5 on tumor growth in vivo. RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were also performed. Our results showed that CARLo-5 expression was significantly higher in HCC tissues and upregulated CARLo-5 expression was closely correlated with tumor size and advanced tumor stage. Kaplan-Meier curve and multivariate analysis validated that higher CARLo-5 expression predicted a poor prognosis for HCC patients and was an independent risk factor for OS in HCC patients. In vitro, knockdown of CARLo-5 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, cell invasion and inhibited the cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by up-regulating the E-cadherin expression and down-regulating Twist1, ZEB1 and vimentin expression in HCC cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CARLo-5 inhibited the miR-200b expression via EZH2. In vivo, knockdown of CARLo-5 significantly inhibited the tumor growth. Thus, our results indicated that CARLo-5 represented a novel tumor biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Dou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyong Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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45
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Colon cancer associated transcripts in human cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:531-540. [PMID: 28779711 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs serve as important regulators in complicated cellular activities, including cell differentiation, proliferation and death. Dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs occurs in the formation and progression of cancers. The family of colon cancer associated transcripts, long non-coding RNAs colon cancer associated transcript-1 and colon cancer associated transcript-2 are known as oncogenes involved in various cancers. Colon cancer associated transcript-1 is a novel lncRNA located in 8q24.2, and colon cancer associated transcript-2 maps to the 8q24.21 region encompassing rs6983267. Colon cancer associated transcripts have close associations with clinical characteristics, such as lymph node metastasis, high TNM stage and short overall survival. Knockdown of them can reverse the malignant phenotypes of cancer cells, including proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. Moreover, they can increase the expression level of c-MYC and oncogenic microRNAs via activating a series of complex mechanisms. In brief, the family of colon cancer associated transcripts may serve as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for human cancers.
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Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of CCAT2 in Chinese patients with various tumors. Int J Biol Markers 2017. [PMID: 28623646 DOI: 10.5301/ijbm.5000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) as a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is overexpressed and plays a significant prognostic role in patients with tumors. The present study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the clinical value of CCAT2 in the Chinese population, as a potential prognostic marker in multiple cancers. METHODS A systematic search of eligible studies was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases as of March 31, 2017. Approximately 1,711 tumor patients from 16 eligible studies were selected. Analyses of the pooled data were performed, and the odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) and the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated and summarized to evaluate the strength of this association using a fixed- or random-effects model. RESULTS Overall analyses showed that increased CCAT2 expression was associated with a higher risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM), an increased potential for distant metastasis (DM) and higher clinical stage (p<0.001 for LNM, p = 0.001 for DM, p<0.001 for clinical stage). HR and the 95% CI for overall survival (OS) were assessed to pool the effect size using a fixed-effects model. A significant association was observed between increased CCAT2 expression and poor OS (pooled HR = 1.91, 95% CI, 1.63-2.22, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that CCAT2 is a biomarker to predict tumor progression and a potential prognostic marker in multiple cancers. Additional well-designed clinical studies are needed to validate these findings.
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Tan J, Hou YC, Fu LN, Wang YQ, Liu QQ, Xiong H, Chen YX, Fang JY. Long Noncoding RNA CCAT2 as a Potential Novel Biomarker to Predict the Clinical Outcome of Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis. J Cancer 2017. [PMID: 28638466 PMCID: PMC5479257 DOI: 10.7150/jca.18626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colon Cancer-Associated Transcript 2 (CCAT2) has been demonstrated associated with clinical outcomes in various tumors. However, the results from each study were unfortunately insufficient and not completely consistent. Therefore, we conduct a systematic meta-analysis to evaluate the value for a feasible biomarker for metastasis and prognosis. Methods: A meta-analysis was performed using data obtained through a systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database and VIP database. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) with 95% Confidence interval (CI ) using random-effect were used to identify the relationship of CCAT2 with clinical outcome of cancer patients. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed. Results: A total of 867 patients from eight studies were finally included. Patients with high CCAT2 expression underwent an increased risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) (OR=3.09, 95% CI: 1.53-6.26) and distant metastasis (DM) (OR=7.70, 95% CI: 3.26-18.17). CCAT2 was also significantly correlated with overall survival (OS) (HR=2.19, 95%CI: 1.70-2.82) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR=2.59, 95% CI: 1.78-3.76). Moderate heterogeneity was observed in meta-analysis for LNM. However, the results remained robust in multiple sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: High expression of CCAT2 was linked with poor clinical outcome. CCAT2 can serve as a potential molecular marker for prognosis in different types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Tan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Yi-Chao Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Lin-Na Fu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Yun-Qian Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Qian-Qian Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Hua Xiong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Ying-Xuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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48
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Heery R, Finn SP, Cuffe S, Gray SG. Long Non-Coding RNAs: Key Regulators of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Tumour Drug Resistance and Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9040038. [PMID: 28430163 PMCID: PMC5406713 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9040038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), the adoption by epithelial cells of a mesenchymal-like phenotype, is a process co-opted by carcinoma cells in order to initiate invasion and metastasis. In addition, it is becoming clear that is instrumental to both the development of drug resistance by tumour cells and in the generation and maintenance of cancer stem cells. EMT is thus a pivotal process during tumour progression and poses a major barrier to the successful treatment of cancer. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) often utilize epigenetic programs to regulate both gene expression and chromatin structure. One type of ncRNA, called long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), has become increasingly recognized as being both highly dysregulated in cancer and to play a variety of different roles in tumourigenesis. Indeed, over the last few years, lncRNAs have rapidly emerged as key regulators of EMT in cancer. In this review, we discuss the lncRNAs that have been associated with the EMT process in cancer and the variety of molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways through which they regulate EMT, and finally discuss how these EMT-regulating lncRNAs impact on both anti-cancer drug resistance and the cancer stem cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Heery
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Rm 2.09, Trinity Translational Medical Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland.
- Masters in Translational Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Translational Medical Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland.
| | - Stephen P Finn
- Department of Histopathology & Morbid Anatomy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D08 RX0X, Ireland.
| | - Sinead Cuffe
- HOPE Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 RT2X, Ireland.
| | - Steven G Gray
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Rm 2.09, Trinity Translational Medical Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland.
- HOPE Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 RT2X, Ireland.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland.
- Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 K0Y5, Ireland.
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49
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Fan YH, Fang H, Ji CX, Xie H, Xiao B, Zhu XG. Long noncoding RNA CCAT2 can predict metastasis and poor prognosis: A meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 466:120-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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50
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Xin Y, Li Z, Zheng H, Chan MTV, Ka Kei Wu W. CCAT2: A novel oncogenic long non-coding RNA in human cancers. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28244168 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) was originally identified as an oncogenic long non-coding RNA in colorectal cancer. Since its discovery, the oncogenic role of CCAT2 has been increasingly demonstrated in human cancers. In this connection, CCAT2 upregulation is frequently reported and very often associated with tumour progression and poor clinical outcomes. Functionally, knockdown of CCAT2 could induce cancer cell apoptosis and suppress cell proliferation and invasiveness, suggesting that CCAT2 might be a therapeutic target. The present review summarized current literature concerning the expression and functional role of CCAT2 in human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xin
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Heyi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Matthew T V Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William Ka Kei Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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