1
|
Xie M, Lin Z, Ji X, Luo X, Zhang Z, Sun M, Chen X, Zhang B, Liang H, Liu D, Feng Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Liu B, Huang W, Xia L. FGF19/FGFR4-mediated elevation of ETV4 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by upregulating PD-L1 and CCL2. J Hepatol 2023; 79:109-125. [PMID: 36907560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metastasis remains the major reason for the high mortality of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study was designed to investigate the role of E-twenty-six-specific sequence variant 4 (ETV4) in promoting HCC metastasis and to explore a new combination therapy strategy for ETV4-mediated HCC metastasis. METHODS PLC/PRF/5, MHCC97H, Hepa1-6, and H22 cells were used to establish orthotopic HCC models. Clodronate liposomes were used to clear macrophages in C57BL/6 mice. Gr-1 monoclonal antibody was used to clear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in C57BL/6 mice. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to detect the changes of key immune cells in the tumour microenvironment. RESULTS ETV4 expression was positively related to higher tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, poor tumour differentiation, microvascular invasion, and poor prognosis in human HCC. Overexpression of ETV4 in HCC cells transactivated PD-L1 and CCL2 expression, which increased tumour-associated macrophage (TAM) and MDSC infiltration and inhibited CD8+ T-cell accumulation. Knockdown of CCL2 by lentivirus or CCR2 inhibitor CCX872 treatment impaired ETV4-induced TAM and MDSC infiltration and HCC metastasis. Furthermore, FGF19/FGFR4 and HGF/c-MET jointly upregulated ETV4 expression through the ERK1/2 pathway. Additionally, ETV4 upregulated FGFR4 expression, and downregulation of FGFR4 decreased ETV4-enhanced HCC metastasis, which created a FGF19-ETV4-FGFR4 positive feedback loop. Finally, anti-PD-L1 combined with FGFR4 inhibitor BLU-554 or MAPK inhibitor trametinib prominently inhibited FGF19-ETV4 signalling-induced HCC metastasis. CONCLUSIONS ETV4 is a prognostic biomarker, and anti-PD-L1 combined with FGFR4 inhibitor BLU-554 or MAPK inhibitor trametinib may be effective strategies to inhibit HCC metastasis. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Here, we reported that ETV4 increased PD-L1 and chemokine CCL2 expression in HCC cells, which resulted in TAM and MDSC accumulation and CD8+ T-cell inhibition to facilitate HCC metastasis. More importantly, we found that anti-PD-L1 combined with FGFR4 inhibitor BLU-554 or MAPK inhibitor trametinib markedly inhibited FGF19-ETV4 signalling-mediated HCC metastasis. This preclinical study will provide a theoretical basis for the development of new combination immunotherapy strategies for patients with HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuoying Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangrao People's Hospital, Shangrao, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyuan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zerui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengyu Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Danfei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangyang Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiwei Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bifeng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China.
| | - Limin Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zeng J, Ran K, Li X, Tao L, Wang Q, Ren J, Hu R, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Yu L. A novel small molecule RK-019 inhibits FGFR2-amplification gastric cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:998199. [PMID: 36210834 PMCID: PMC9532703 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.998199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most malignant cancers and is estimated to be fifth in incidence ratio and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite advances in GC treatment, poor prognosis and low survival rate necessitate the development of novel treatment options. Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) have been suggested to be potential targets for GC treatment. In this study, we report a novel selective FGFR inhibitor, RK-019, with a pyrido [1, 2-a] pyrimidinone skeleton. In vitro, RK-019 showed excellent FGFR1-4 inhibitory activities and strong anti-proliferative effects against FGFR2-amplification (FGFR2-amp) GC cells, including SNU-16 and KATO III cells. Treatment with RK-019 suppressed phosphorylation of FGFR and its downstream pathway proteins, such as FRS2, PLCγ, AKT, and Erk, resulting in cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, daily oral administration of RK-019 could attenuate tumor xenograft growth with no adverse effects. Here, we reported a novel specific FGFR inhibitor, RK-019, with potent anti-FGFR2-amp GC activity both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Ran
- College of Pharmacy, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longyue Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiangtao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongxia Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Research Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Luoting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang X, Soutto M, Chen Z, Bhat N, Zhu S, Eissmann MF, Ernst M, Lu H, Peng D, Xu Z, El-Rifai W. Induction of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 by Helicobacter pylori via Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 With a Feedforward Activation Loop Involving SRC Signaling in Gastric Cancer. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:620-636.e9. [PMID: 35588797 PMCID: PMC9629135 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection is the main risk factor for gastric cancer. The role of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGRFs) in H pylori-mediated gastric tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. This study investigated the molecular and mechanistic links between H pylori, inflammation, and FGFR4 in gastric cancer. METHODS Cell lines, human and mouse gastric tissue samples, and gastric organoids models were implemented. Infection with H pylori was performed using in vitro and in vivo models. Western blot, real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays were used for molecular, mechanistic, and functional studies. RESULTS Analysis of FGFR family members using The Cancer Genome Atlas data, followed by validation, indicated that FGFR4 messenger (m)RNA was the most significantly overexpressed member in human gastric cancer tissue samples (P < .001). We also detected high levels of Fgfr4 mRNA and protein in gastric dysplasia and adenocarcinoma lesions in mouse models. Infection with J166, 7.13, and PMSS1 cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA)+ H pylori strains induced FGFR4 mRNA and protein expression in in vitro and in vivo models. This was associated with a concordant activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Analysis of the FGFR4 promoter suggested several putative binding sites for STAT3. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and an FGFR-promoter luciferase reporter containing putative STAT3 binding sites and their mutants, we confirmed a direct functional binding of STAT3 on the FGFR4 promoter. Mechanistically, we also discovered a feedforward activation loop between FGFR4 and STAT3 where the fibroblast growth factor 19–FGFR4 axis played an essential role in activating STAT3 in a SRC proto-oncogene non-receptor tyrosine kinase dependent manner. Functionally, we found that FGFR4 protected against H pylori-induced DNA damage and cell death. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated a link between infection, inflammation, and FGFR4 activation, where a feedforward activation loop between FGFR4 and STAT3 is established via SRC proto-oncogene non-receptor tyrosine kinase in response to H pylori infection. Given the relevance of FGFR4 to the etiology and biology of gastric cancer, we propose FGFR4 as a druggable molecular vulnerability that can be tested in patients with gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mohammed Soutto
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Nadeem Bhat
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Shoumin Zhu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Moritz F Eissmann
- Cancer and Inflammation Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Cancer and Inflammation Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heng Lu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Dunfa Peng
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, Florida; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang X, Zhang X, Han R, Wang Z, Yang Q, Huang Y, Yan Y. BLU-554, A selective inhibitor of FGFR4, exhibits anti-tumour activity against gastric cancer in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 595:22-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
5
|
Aziz F, Khan I, Shukla S, Dey DK, Yan Q, Chakraborty A, Yoshitomi H, Hwang SK, Sonwal S, Lee H, Haldorai Y, Xiao J, Huh YS, Bajpai VK, Han YK. Partners in crime: The Lewis Y antigen and fucosyltransferase IV in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:107994. [PMID: 34571111 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a major causative agent of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer and gastric carcinoma. H. pylori cytotoxin associated antigen A (CagA) plays a crucial role in the development of gastric cancer. Gastric cancer is associated with glycosylation alterations in glycoproteins and glycolipids on the cell surface. H. pylori cytotoxin associated antigen A (CagA) plays a significant role in the progression of gastric cancer through post-translation modification of fucosylation to develop gastric cancer. The involvement of a variety of sugar antigens in the progression and development of gastric cancer has been investigated, including type II blood group antigens. Lewis Y (LeY) is overexpressed on the tumor cell surface either as a glycoprotein or glycolipid. LeY is a difucosylated oligosaccharide, which is catalyzed by fucosyltransferases such as FUT4 (α1,3). FUT4/LeY overexpression may serve as potential correlative biomarkers for the prognosis of gastric cancer. We discuss the various aspects of H. pylori in relation to fucosyltransferases (FUT1-FUT9) and its fucosylated Lewis antigens (LeY, LeX, LeA, and LeB) and gastric cancer. In this review, we summarize the carcinogenic effect of H. pylori CagA in association with LeY and its synthesis enzyme FUT4 in the development of gastric cancer as well as discuss its importance in the prognosis and its inhibition by combination therapy of anti-LeY antibody and celecoxib through MAPK signaling pathway preventing gastric carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Aziz
- The Hormel Institute-University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, PR China.
| | - Imran Khan
- The Hormel Institute-University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Shruti Shukla
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, Haryana 122003, India
| | - Debasish Kumar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, PR China
| | | | - Hisae Yoshitomi
- The Hormel Institute-University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Seung-Kyu Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sonam Sonwal
- Department of Biological Engineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoomin Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuvaraj Haldorai
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641046, India
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; University of Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sasaki N, Gomi F, Yoshimura H, Yamamoto M, Matsuda Y, Michishita M, Hatakeyama H, Kawano Y, Toyoda M, Korc M, Ishiwata T. FGFR4 Inhibitor BLU9931 Attenuates Pancreatic Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion While Inducing Senescence: Evidence for Senolytic Therapy Potential in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102976. [PMID: 33066597 PMCID: PMC7602396 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly malignancy that is projected to become the leading cause of cancer death by 2050. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) is a transmembrane receptor that is overexpressed in half of PDACs. We determined that its expression in PDAC positively correlated with larger tumor size and more advanced tumor stage, and that BLU9931, a selective FGFR4 inhibitor, reduced PDAC cell proliferation and invasion while promoting their senescence. Quercetin, a senolytic drug, induced cell death in BLU9931-treated cells. We propose that targeting FGFR4 in combination with senolysis could provide a novel therapeutic strategy in patients whose PDAC expresses high FGFR4 levels. Abstract Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), one of four tyrosine kinase receptors for FGFs, is involved in diverse cellular processes. Activation of FGF19/FGFR4 signaling is closely associated with cancer development and progression. In this study, we examined the expression and roles of FGF19/FGFR4 signaling in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In human PDAC cases, FGFR4 expression positively correlated with larger primary tumors and more advanced stages. Among eight PDAC cell lines, FGFR4 was expressed at the highest levels in PK-1 cells, in which single-nucleotide polymorphism G388R in FGFR4 was detected. For inhibition of autocrine/paracrine FGF19/FGFR4 signaling, we used BLU9931, a highly selective FGFR4 inhibitor. Inhibition of signal transduction through ERK, AKT, and STAT3 pathways by BLU9931 reduced proliferation in FGF19/FGFR4 signaling-activated PDAC cells. By contrast, BLU9931 did not alter stemness features, including stemness marker expression, anticancer drug resistance, and sphere-forming ability. However, BLU9931 inhibited cell invasion, in part, by downregulating membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 in FGF19/FGFR4 signaling-activated PDAC cells. Furthermore, downregulation of SIRT1 and SIRT6 by BLU9931 contributed to senescence induction, priming these cells for quercetin-induced death, a process termed senolysis. Thus, we propose that BLU9931 is a promising therapeutic agent in FGFR4-positive PDAC, especially when combined with senolysis (195/200).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Sasaki
- Research team for Geriatric Medicine (Vascular Medicine), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Sakae-cho 35-2, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (N.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Fujiya Gomi
- Division of Aging and Carcinogenesis, Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan;
| | - Hisashi Yoshimura
- Division of Physiological Pathology, Department of Applied Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan; (H.Y.); (M.Y.)
| | - Masami Yamamoto
- Division of Physiological Pathology, Department of Applied Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan; (H.Y.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yoko Matsuda
- Oncology Pathology, Department of Pathology and Host-Defense, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan;
| | - Masaki Michishita
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan;
| | - Hitoshi Hatakeyama
- Department of Comprehensive Education in Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan;
| | - Yoichi Kawano
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan;
| | - Masashi Toyoda
- Research team for Geriatric Medicine (Vascular Medicine), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Sakae-cho 35-2, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (N.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Murray Korc
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Division of Aging and Carcinogenesis, Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3964-1141 (ext. 4414)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
FGF19 is a noncanonical FGF ligand that can control a broad spectrum of physiological responses, which include bile acid homeostasis, liver metabolism and glucose uptake. Many of these responses are mediated by FGF19 binding to its FGFR4/β-klotho receptor complex and controlling activation of an array of intracellular signaling events. Overactivation of the FGF19/FGFR4 axis has been implicated in tumorigenic formation, progression and metastasis, and inhibitors of this axis have recently been developed for single agent use or in combination with other anticancer drugs. Considering the critical role of this receptor complex in cancer, this review focuses on recent developments and applications of FGF19/FGFR4-targeted therapeutics.
Collapse
|
8
|
Tiong KH, Tan BS, Choo HL, Chung FFL, Hii LW, Tan SH, Khor NTW, Wong SF, See SJ, Tan YF, Rosli R, Cheong SK, Leong CO. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) autocrine enhance breast cancer cells survival. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57633-57650. [PMID: 27192118 PMCID: PMC5295378 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal-like breast cancer is an aggressive tumor subtype with poor prognosis. The discovery of underlying mechanisms mediating tumor cell survival, and the development of novel agents to target these pathways, is a priority for patients with basal-like breast cancer. From a functional screen to identify key drivers of basal-like breast cancer cell growth, we identified fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) as a potential mediator of cell survival. We found that FGFR4 mediates cancer cell survival predominantly via activation of PI3K/AKT. Importantly, a subset of basal-like breast cancer cells also secrete fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), a canonical ligand specific for FGFR4. siRNA-mediated silencing of FGF19 or neutralization of extracellular FGF19 by anti-FGF19 antibody (1A6) decreases AKT phosphorylation, suppresses cancer cell growth and enhances doxorubicin sensitivity only in the FGFR4+/FGF19+ breast cancer cells. Consistently, FGFR4/FGF19 co-expression was also observed in 82 out of 287 (28.6%) primary breast tumors, and their expression is strongly associated with AKT phosphorylation, Ki-67 staining, higher tumor stage and basal-like phenotype. In summary, our results demonstrated the presence of an FGFR4/FGF19 autocrine signaling that mediates the survival of a subset of basal-like breast cancer cells and suggest that inactivation of this autocrine loop may potentially serve as a novel therapeutic intervention for future treatment of breast cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hung Tiong
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Center (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Boon Shing Tan
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heng Lungh Choo
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Felicia Fei-Lei Chung
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ling-Wei Hii
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Si Hoey Tan
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nelson Tze Woei Khor
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shew Fung Wong
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sze-Jia See
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yuen-Fen Tan
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rozita Rosli
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Soon-Keng Cheong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Sungai Long, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Onn Leong
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen B, Liu S, Gan L, Wang J, Hu B, Xu H, Tong R, Yang H, Cristina I, Xue J, Hu X, Lu Y. FGFR1 signaling potentiates tumor growth and predicts poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 19:76-86. [PMID: 29257923 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1394541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR1) over-expression was broadly found in squamous cancer, where it induced cellular proliferation, differentiation, and metastasis by activating various signaling pathway. However, the role of FGFR1 gene expression in predicting prognosis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) and its regulatory function in the progression of ESCC are not well understood. Therefore, we performed an analysis of FGFR1 mRNA expression by quantitative RT-PCR in tumor tissue of 145 patients with ESCC. The relationships between FGFR1 gene expression and clinicopathological parameters, also the prognosis were further examined. Results suggested that higher FGFR1 gene expression predicted worse overall survival (HR = 1.502, 95%[CI] = 1.005-2.246, P = 0.045). Disease-free survival tends to be shorter in patients with higher FGFR1 expression but without statistical significance (HR = 1.398, 95%[CI] = 0.942-2.074, P = 0.096). FGFR1 was up regulated in multiple ESCC cell lines. Subsequent in vitro experiments demonstrated that anti-FGFR1 treatment by PD173074 inhibited TE-1 and EC9706 cell viability along with the attenuation of MEK-ERK signaling pathway. In vivo, PD173074 administration also had shown potent ESCC growth arresting effect. Overall, our study suggested that FGFR1 gene expression could be an independent prognosis predictive factor in patients with ESCC. Anti-FGFR1 inhibited ESCC growth and could be a potential strategy in ESCC targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoqing Chen
- a Department of Thoracic Oncology , Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Huaxi Student Society of Oncology Research, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Shurui Liu
- a Department of Thoracic Oncology , Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Lu Gan
- c Laboratory of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- a Department of Thoracic Oncology , Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Binbin Hu
- a Department of Thoracic Oncology , Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - He Xu
- a Department of Thoracic Oncology , Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Ruizhan Tong
- a Department of Thoracic Oncology , Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Hui Yang
- a Department of Thoracic Oncology , Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Huaxi Student Society of Oncology Research, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Ivan Cristina
- d Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Jianxin Xue
- a Department of Thoracic Oncology , Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Xun Hu
- e Huaxi Biobank, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - You Lu
- a Department of Thoracic Oncology , Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Huaxi Student Society of Oncology Research, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang X, Guan Z, Dong Y, Zhu Z, Wang J, Niu B. Inhibition of thymidylate synthase affects neural tube development in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 76:17-25. [PMID: 29258758 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) is a key enzyme in the de novo synthesis of 2'-deoxythymidine-5'-monophosphate (dTMP) from 2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (dUMP). Our aim was to investigate the role of dTMP dysmetabolism via inhibition of TYMS by an inhibitor, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs). We found that a high incidence of NTDs occurred after treatment with 5-FU at 12.5 mg/kg body weight. TYMS activity was significantly inhibited with decreased dTMP and accumulation of dUMP after 5-FU injection. The proliferation of neuroepithelial cells were markedly inhibited in NTDs compared with control. Expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and phosphohistone H3 were significantly decreased in NTDs, while phosphorylated replication protein A2, P53 and Caspase3 were significantly increased in NTDs compared with control. These results indicated that inhibition of TYMS affected the balance between proliferation and apoptosis in neuroepithelial cells, which might shed some lights on the mechanisms involved in NTDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwei Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zhen Guan
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yanting Dong
- The Respiratory Department, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
| | - Bo Niu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bu Y, He X, Hu Q, Wang C, Xie X, Wang S. A novel cell membrane affinity sample pretreatment technique for recognition and preconcentration of active components from traditional Chinese medicine. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3569. [PMID: 28620157 PMCID: PMC5472601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a novel biomembrane affinity sample pretreatment technique to quickly screen and preconcentrate active components from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which adopts cell membrane coated silica particles (CMCSPs) as affinity ligands which benefit the biomembrane's ability to maximize simulation of drug-receptor interactions in vivo. In this study, the prepared CMCSPs formed by irreversible adsorption of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) cell membrane on the surface of silica were characterized using different spectroscopic and imaging instruments. Drug binding experiments showed the excellent adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of FGFR4/CMCSPs compared with non-coated silica particles. The FGFR4/CMCSPs were used as solid-phase extraction sorbents to pretreat the TCM Aconitum szechenyianum Gay. The resultant FGFR4/CMCSPs exhibited good performance. In addition, high selectivity and recognition ability of the FGFR4/CMCSPs were determined by selectivity experiments. Four alkaloid were screened and identified, one of these alkaloid, napellonine, showed favorable anti-tumor activity in preliminary pharmacological verification trials including cell proliferation and molecular docking assays. The proposed cell membrane affinity sample pretreatment method is a reliable, effective and time-saving method for fast screening and enriching active compounds and can be extended to pretreat other TCMs as leading compounds resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoshuang He
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qi Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Sicen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lin X, Tian L, Wang L, Li W, Xu Q, Xiao X. Antitumor effects and the underlying mechanism of licochalcone A combined with 5-fluorouracil in gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:1695-1701. [PMID: 28454311 PMCID: PMC5403170 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LCA) is a flavonoid extracted from licorice root that has antiparasitic, antibacterial and antitumor properties. Previous studies have revealed that LCA may be a novel treatment for gastric cancer. The present study further assessed the potential antitumor effects of LCA alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and the underlying mechanisms responsible for those effects in gastric cancer cells. The effects of LCA alone or in combination with 5-FU on SGC7901 and MKN-45 gastric cancer cell lines were studied using Cell Counting Kit-8, cell cycle, apoptosis and western blot analyses of cell check points and apoptosis-associated proteins. The results revealed that LCA inhibited cell proliferation, blocked cell cycle progression at the G2/M transition and induced apoptosis. Western blot analysis demonstrated that LCA treatment increased the levels of tumor proteins 21 and 27, as well as mouse double minute 2 homolog in gastric cancer cells. In addition, LCA treatment increased the expression levels of Bax, cleaved-poly ADP ribose polymerase, tumor protein 53 and caspase 3, and decreased the expression levels of Bcl-2. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that LCA alone or in combination with 5-FU may have significant anticancer effects on gastric cancer cells, and may be a novel therapeutic for the treatment of gastric cancer in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Lin
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Lisha Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Xuhui Centre Hospital, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Xiuying Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Aziz F, Wang X, Liu J, Yan Q. Ginsenoside Rg3 induces FUT4-mediated apoptosis in H. pylori CagA-treated gastric cancer cells by regulating SP1 and HSF1 expressions. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 31:158-66. [PMID: 26427350 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) cytotoxin associated antigen A (CagA) plays a significant role in the development of gastric cancer. Ginsenoside Rg3 is a herbal medicine which inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in various cancer cells. Fucosylation plays important roles in cancer biology as increased fucosylation levels of glycoproteins and glycolipids have been reported in many cancers. Fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) is an essential enzyme, catalyzes the synthesis of LewisY oligosaccharides and is regulated by specificity protein 1 (SP1) and heat shock factor protein 1 (HSF1) transcription factors. Herein, we studied the mechanism action of Rg3 apoptosis induction in gastric cancer cells. We treated the gastric cancer cells with CagA followed by Rg3, and analyzed their ability to induce apoptosis by evaluating the role of FUT4 as well as SP1 and HSF1 expressions by Western blot, flow cytometry and ELISA. We found that Rg3 significantly induced apoptosis in CagA treated gastric cancer cells, as evidenced by nuclear staining of 4-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and Annexin-V/PI double-labeling. In addition, Rg3 significantly increased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and triggered the activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9 and PARP. Moreover, Rg3-induced apoptotic mechanisms indicated that Rg3 inhibited FUT4 expression through SP1 upregulation and HSF1 downregulation. Hence, Rg3 therapy is an effective strategy for gastric cancer treatment. Furthermore SP1 and HSF1 may serve as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Aziz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li J, Ye Y, Wang M, Lu L, Han C, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Yu Z, Zhang X, Zhao C, Wen J, Kan Q. The over-expression of FGFR4 could influence the features of gastric cancer cells and inhibit the efficacy of PD173074 and 5-fluorouracil towards gastric cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:6881-91. [PMID: 26662569 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the function of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) in gastric cancer (GC) and explore the treatment value of agent targeted to FGFR4. Function assays in vitro and in vivo were performed to investigate the discrepancy of biological features among the GC cells with different expression of FGFR4. GC cells were treated with the single and combination of PD173074 (PD, an inhibitor of FGFR4) and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu). The invasion ability were stronger, and the apoptosis rates were lower in MGC803 and BGC823 cells treated with FGFR4-LV5 (over-expression of FGFR4 protein) (P < 0.05). The proliferation ability of GC cells is reduced when treated by the single and combination of 5-Fu and PD while that of the FGFR4-LV5 group was less inhibited compared with control group (P < 0.05). The apoptosis rates are remarkably increased in GC cells treated with the single and combination of 5-Fu and PD (P < 0.05). However, the apoptosis rate obviously is reduced in GC cells treated with FGFR4-LV5 compared with control group (P < 0.05). The expression of PCNA and Bcl-XL is remarkably decreased, and the expression of Caspase-3 and cleaved Caspase-3 is obviously increased in GC cells treated with the single and combination of 5-Fu and PD. The tumor volumes of nude mice in FGFR4-LV5 group were much more increased (P < 0.05). The over-expression of FGFR4 enhanced the proliferation ability of GC in vitro and in vivo. The combination of 5-Fu and PD exerted synergetic effect in weakening the proliferation ability and promoting apoptosis in GC cells, while the over-expression of FGFR4 might inhibit the efficacy of two drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jian-She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yanwei Ye
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jian-She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jian-She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Function, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lisha Lu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yubing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingmin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zujiang Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiefu Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jian-She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jian-She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chunlin Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jian-She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jian-She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jian-She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Koole K, van Kempen PM, van Bockel LW, Smets T, van der Klooster Z, Dutman AC, Peeters T, Koole R, van Diest P, van Es RJ, Willems SM. FGFR4 Is a Potential Predictive Biomarker in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Pathobiology 2015; 82:280-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000439536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
16
|
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Traditional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy not only have side effects, but the treatment efficiency is also poor. Molecular targeted therapy, due to its high efficiency, low toxicity, and high orientation, has been widely used in the treatment of gastric cancer. Targets applied in molecular targeted therapy of gastric cancer are mainly related to the cytokine and receptors that contribute to gastric cancer cell growth, including epidermal growth factor and its receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors, epithelial cell adhesion molecules, insulin-like growth factor and its receptors, and molecules related to the cell cycle. This review focuses on molecular targeted treatment in gastric cancer.
Collapse
|
17
|
Bai YP, Shang K, Chen H, Ding F, Wang Z, Liang C, Xu Y, Sun MH, Li YY. FGF-1/-3/FGFR4 signaling in cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes tumor progression in colon cancer through Erk and MMP-7. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1278-87. [PMID: 26183471 PMCID: PMC4637995 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as the activated fibroblasts in the tumor stroma, are important modifiers of tumour progression. In the present study, we observed that azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate treatments induced increasingly severe colorectal mucosal inflammation and the intratumoural accumulation of CAFs. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1 and FGF-3 were detected in infiltrating cells, and FGFR4, the specific receptor for FGF-1 and FGF-3, was detected in colon cancer tissues. The phosphorylation of FGFR4 enhanced the production of metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (Mek)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), which was accompanied by excessive vessel generation and cell proliferation. Moreover, we separated CAFs, pericarcinoma fibroblasts (PFs), and normal fibroblasts (NFs) from human colon tissue specimens to characterize the function of CAFs. We observed that CAFs secrete more FGF-1/-3 than NFs and PFs and promote cancer cell growth and angiogenesis through the activation of FGFR4, which is followed by the activation of Mek/Erk and the modulation of MMP-7 expression. The administration of FGF-1/-3-neutralizing antibodies or the treatment of cells with FGFR4 siRNA or the FGFR4 inhibitor PD173074 markedly suppressed colon cancer cell proliferation and neovascularization. These observations suggest a crucial role for CAFs and FGF signaling in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer. The inhibition of the FGF signaling pathway may be a useful strategy for the treatment of colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Pan Bai
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Shang
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Hong Sun
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Yi Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shim HJ, Shin MH, Kim HN, Kim JH, Hwang JE, Bae WK, Chung IJ, Cho SH. The Prognostic Significance of FGFR4 Gly388 Polymorphism in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma after Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. Cancer Res Treat 2015; 48:71-9. [PMID: 25989802 PMCID: PMC4720088 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2015.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) polymorphism in esophageal cancer after chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Materials and Methods Peripheral blood samples from 244 patients treated with CRT for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were assessed for the role of FGFR4 genotype on treatment response and survival. Results A total of 94 patients were homozygous for the Gly388 allele, and 110 were heterozygous and 40 homozygous for the Arg388 allele. No significant association was found between the FGFR4 genotype and clinicopathological parameters. However, patients carrying the Gly388 allele showed a better overall response rate than Arg388 carriers (p=0.038). In addition, Gly388 allele patients at an earlier stage showed better overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival than Arg388 carriers. Among these, the Gly388 allele showed significantly improved OS compared to Arg388 carriers in the lymph node (LN) metastasis group (p=0.042) compared to the no LN metastasis group (p=0.125). However, similar survival outcomes were observed for advanced-stage disease regardless of genotype. Conclusion This result suggests that the role of FGFR4 Gly388 in treatment outcomes differs according to esophageal cancer stage. It showed a predictive role in the response of esophageal cancer patients to CRT with a better trend for OS in Gly388 than Arg388 carriers in the early stages. In particular, LN-positive early-stage patients carrying the Gly388 allele showed improved OS compared to those carrying Arg388.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jeong Shim
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea ; Department of Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Hee-Nam Kim
- Department of Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jo-Heon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jun-Eul Hwang
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Woo-Kyun Bae
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Ik-Joo Chung
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Cho
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen H, Shen DP, Zhang ZZ, Liu JH, Shen YY, Ni XZ. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 protein expression and clinicopathological features in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:1838-1844. [PMID: 25684949 PMCID: PMC4323460 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i6.1838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) protein expression in Chinese patients with resectable gastric cancer (GC) and the association with clinicopathological characteristics and survival.
METHODS: One hundred and seventy-five GC patients who underwent curative surgical procedures were enrolled in this study. The protein expression of FGFR4 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) GC tissues was determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Patient clinicopathological data and survival information were also collected and χ2 statistical analysis was performed to analyze FGFR4 protein expression in the subgroups with differing clinicopathological characteristics including; gender, age, tumor location, differentiation, tumor-node-metastasis stage, macroscopic type, depth of invasion, lymph node metastases, distant metastasis, neural invasion and vascular invasion. Furthermore, some common molecular markers of GC in our cancer center, including p53, p27, topoisomerase IIα (Topo IIα) were also determined by IHC and their association with FGFR4 protein expression evaluated. The probability of survival for different subgroups with different clinicopathological characteristics was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and survival curves plotted using the log rank test.
RESULTS: Seventy seven cases (44%) were found to have high expression of FGFR4 protein. Significantly different FGFR4 expression was observed between gastric cancers with differing expression of Topo IIα (log rank χ2 = 9.4760, P = 0.0236). No significant differences were observed between subgroups defined by any of the other clinicopathological characteristics. The median survival time of the FGFR4 high expression (77 cases) and low expression groups (98 cases) was 27 mo and 39 mo, respectively. The five-year survival rates and median survival times of gastric cancers with high FGFR4 expression were worse than those with low expression (30.8% vs 39.2%, 27 mo vs 39 mo), respectively, however, no significant difference was observed in survival time (log rank χ2 = 1.0477, P = 0.3060). Survival analysis revealed that high expression of FGFR4 was a predictor of poor outcome in GC patients if the tumor was small (less than or equal to 3 cm in size) (log rank χ2 = 5.5033, P = 0.0190), well differentiated (log rank χ2 = 7.9757, P = 0.0047), and of T1 or T2 stage invasion depth (log rank χ2 = 4.8827, P = 0.0271).
CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that high tumor expression of FGFR4 protein is not an independent risk factor for GC cancer initiation, but is a useful prognostic marker for GC patients when the tumor is relatively small, well differentiated, or in the early stages of invasion.
Collapse
|
20
|
Huang Z, Tan L, Wang H, Liu Y, Blais S, Deng J, Neubert TA, Gray NS, Li X, Mohammadi M. DFG-out mode of inhibition by an irreversible type-1 inhibitor capable of overcoming gate-keeper mutations in FGF receptors. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:299-309. [PMID: 25317566 PMCID: PMC4301177 DOI: 10.1021/cb500674s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Drug-resistance
acquisition through kinase gate-keeper mutations is a major hurdle
in the clinic. Here, we determined the first crystal structures of
the human FGFR4 kinase domain (FGFR4K) alone and complexed with ponatinib,
a promiscuous type-2 (DFG-out) kinase inhibitor, and an oncogenic
FGFR4K harboring the V550L gate-keeper mutation bound to FIIN-2, a
new type-1 irreversible inhibitor. Remarkably, like ponatinib, FIIN-2
also binds in the DFG-out mode despite lacking a functional group
necessary to occupy the pocket vacated upon the DFG-out flip. Structural
analysis reveals that the covalent bond between FIIN-2 and a cysteine,
uniquely present in the glycine-rich loop of FGFR kinases, facilitates
the DFG-out conformation, which together with the internal flexibility
of FIIN-2 enables FIIN-2 to avoid the steric clash with the gate-keeper
mutation that causes the ponatinib resistance. The structural data
provide a blueprint for the development of next generation anticancer
inhibitors through combining the salient inhibitory mechanisms of
ponatinib and FIIN-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Huiyan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Aziz F, Yang X, Wang X, Yan Q. Anti-LeY antibody enhances therapeutic efficacy of celecoxib against gastric cancer by downregulation of MAPKs/COX-2 signaling pathway: correlation with clinical study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:1221-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
22
|
Lei J, Li W, Yang Y, Lu Q, Zhang N, Bai G, Zhong D, Su K, Liu B, Li X, Wang Y, Wang X. TC-1 overexpression promotes cell proliferation in human non-small cell lung cancer that can be inhibited by PD173074. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100075. [PMID: 24941347 PMCID: PMC4062440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer-1 (TC-1), a natively disordered protein, is widely expressed in vertebrates and overexpressed in many kinds of tumors. However, its exact role and regulation mechanism in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still unclear. In the present study, we found that TC-1 is highly expressed in NSCLC and that its aberrant expression is strongly associated with NSCLC cell proliferation. Exogenous TC-1 overexpression promotes cell proliferation, accelerates the cell G1-to-S-phase transition, and reduces apoptosis in NSCLC. The knockdown of TC-1, however, inhibits NSCLC cell proliferation, cycle transition, and apoptosis resistance. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that PD173074, which functions as an inhibitor of the TC-1 in NSCLC, decreases the expression of TC-1 and inhibits TC-1 overexpression mediated cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Nevertheless, the inhibition function of PD173074 on NSCLC cell proliferation was eliminated in cells with TC-1 knockdown. These results suggest that PD173074 plays a significant role in TC-1 overexpression mediated NSCLC cell proliferation and may be a potential intervention target for the prevention of cell proliferation in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenhai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of thoracic surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangzhen Bai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Daixing Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kai Su
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Boya Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunjie Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (YW); (XW)
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (YW); (XW)
| |
Collapse
|