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Sacre K, Vinet E, Pineau CA, Mendel A, Kalache F, Grenier LP, Huynh T, Bernatsky S. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide is a biomarker for cardiovascular damage in systemic lupus erythematous: a cross-sectional study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:1739-1745. [PMID: 37802912 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prediction models based on traditional risk factors underestimate cardiovascular (CV) risk in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In a large sample of unselected SLE patients, we investigated cross-sectional associations of NT-proBNP with cardiovascular damage (CVD). METHODS Serum NT-proBNP was measured in SLE patients enrolled in the MUHC Lupus Clinic registry. Serum was collected between March 2022 and April 2023 at annual research visits. The primary outcome was CVD identified on the SLICC Damage Index. Factors associated with CVD and NT-proBNP levels were determined. RESULTS Overall, 270 SLE patients [female 91%, median age 50.7 (first quartile to third quartile: 39.6-62.1) years] were analysed for the primary outcome. Among them, 33 (12%) had CVD. The ROC curve for NT-proBNP demonstrated strong associations with CVD (AUC 0.78, 95% CI 0.69-0.87) with a threshold of 133 pg/ml providing the best discrimination for those with/without CVD. Hypertension (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.2-9.0), dyslipidaemia (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.3-9.6) and NT-proBNP >133 pg/ml (OR 7.0, 95% CI, 2.6-19.1) were associated with CVD in the multivariable logistic regression model. Increased NT-proBNP levels were associated with age (OR 4.2, 95% CI 2.2-8.3), ever smoking (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.0-3.5), reduced eGFR (4.1, 95% CI 1.3-13.1), prior pericarditis/pleuritis (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4-4.5) and aPL antibodies (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.4-4.9). CONCLUSION NT-proBNP is a biomarker for CV damage in SLE. The novel associations of NT-proBNP levels with prior pericarditis/pleuritis and aPL antibodies suggest new avenues for research to better understand what drives CV risk in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Sacre
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Departement de Médecine Interne, Université Paris-Cité, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Hopital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Evelyne Vinet
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christian A Pineau
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Arielle Mendel
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Fares Kalache
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Thao Huynh
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sasha Bernatsky
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Paredes-Ruiz D, Martin-Iglesias D, Ruiz-Irastorza G. Balancing risks and benefits in the use of hydroxychloroquine and glucocorticoids in systemic lupus erythematosus. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:359-373. [PMID: 38112074 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2294938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and glucocorticoids (GCs) constitute the oldest and more used drugs in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Despite this long experience, both are still subject to a number of uncertainties, mainly regarding the dose. AREAS COVERED We review the main mechanisms of action, the clinical and toxic effects of HCQ and GCs and analyze the recommendations for the use of both in guidelines published since 2018. We offer a set of recommendations based on the pharmacology, mechanisms of action and clinical evidence. EXPERT OPINION HCQ is the backbone therapy for SLE, and a judicious use must be accomplished, using doses that allow a good control of lupus without compromising the safety of treatments very much prolonged over the time. Stable doses of 200 mg/day seem to accomplish both conditions. GCs should be used more judiciously, with methyl-prednisolone pulses as the main therapy for inducing rapid remission and doses ≤5-2.5 mg/day be never exceeded in long-term maintenance treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Paredes-Ruiz
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, The Basque Country, Spain
| | - Daniel Martin-Iglesias
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, The Basque Country, Spain
| | - Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, The Basque Country, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, The Basque Country, Spain
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Chen Y, Wang L, Li N, Zhou C. Tripterygium glycosides for safely controlling disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1207385. [PMID: 37601046 PMCID: PMC10436586 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1207385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tripterygium glycosides have been used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for a long time, showing the effects of immune regulation. We aimed to evaluate the benefits and risks of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets (TGT) for patients with SLE. Methods: We searched electronic databases and clinical trial registries for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We identified eligible RCTs and assessed risk of bias. We conducted a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled effects. The Trial Sequential Analysis (TSA) 0.9.5.10 software was used to verify the reliability of the results. Results: Eight RCTs encompassing 538 patients with SLE were included. TGT combined with conventional treatments (CTs) was superior to CTs alone in reducing lupus activity (MD = -1.66, 95% CI = -2.07 to -1.26, p < 0.00001, low-certainty evidence) and improving overall response rate (ORR) (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.32, p < 0.0001, moderate-certainty evidence). The robustness of the results was confirmed by TSA. Regarding safety, there was no statistical difference in the overall incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups. Conclusion: In patients with SLE, TGT might safely reduce disease activity. However, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of TGT. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022300474; Identifier: CRD42022300474.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nannan Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caiyun Zhou
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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He Y, Tian W, Zhang M, Qiu H, Li H, Shi X, Song S, Wen C, Chen J. Jieduquyuziyin prescription alleviates SLE complicated by atherosclerosis via promoting cholesterol efflux and suppressing TLR9/MyD88 activation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 309:116283. [PMID: 36898449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jieduquyuziyin prescription (JP), as a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is extensively applied to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Its prescription is based on clinical practice and an evidence-based application of traditional medicines. It is approved by use in Chinese hospitals as a clinical prescription that can be directly used. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aims to elucidate JP's efficacy on lupus-like disease combined with atherosclerosis and to explore its mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS To conduct in vivo experiments, we established a model of lupus-like disease with atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet and injected intraperitoneally with pristane. In addition, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and a TLR9 agonist (CpG-ODN2395) were utilized to examine the mechanism of JP on SLE combined with AS in RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro. RESULTS Results indicated that JP reduced hair loss and levels of the spleen index, maintained stable body weight, alleviated kidney damage in mice, and reduced the expression levels of urinary protein, autoantibodies, and inflammatory factors in serum. Furthermore, JP is effective at alleviating the lupus-like symptoms observed in mice. In mice, JP inhibited aortic plaque deposition, stimulated lipid metabolism, and increased the expression of genes that regulate cholesterol efflux, including ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 1 (ABCG1), scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ). In vivo, JP inhibited the expression of the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)-induced signaling pathway, which links TLR9/MyD88/NF-kB to the expression of subsequent inflammatory factors. Furthermore, JP inhibited the expression of TLR9 and MyD88 in vitro. In addition, the JP treatment effectively reduced foam cell formation in RAW264.7 macrophages by increasing the expression of ABCA1/G1, PPAR-γ and SR-BI. CONCLUSIONS JP played a therapeutic role in ApoE-/- mice with pristane-induced lupus-like diseases and AS, possibly through inhibition of TLR9/MyD88 signaling and promotion of cholesterol efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfang He
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiyu Tian
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haonan Qiu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haichang Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Siyue Song
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Juan Chen
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, China.
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Du L, Feng Y, Wang C, Shi X, Wen C, He Z, Zhang Y. Jieduquyuziyin prescription promotes the efficacy of prednisone via upregulating Nrf2 in MRL/lpr kidneys. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115643. [PMID: 36031105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Jieduquyuziyin prescription (JP), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been used as an approved hospital prescription to improve the efficacy of prednisone (Pred) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN) treatment. Although the synergistic effect of JP and Pred is prominent, the underlying mechanisms require further investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the key therapeutic targets of JP in improving the role of Pred in the treatment of LN. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lupus-prone female MRL/lpr mice were administered JP, Pred, or JP combined with Pred. The effect of JP on LN was estimated by evaluating renal function and inflammation levels in the kidneys. On this basis, RNA sequencing of kidney tissues was performed, and the differentially expressed genes were analyzed and summarized. The role of JP in the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2 or Nrf2) in the kidneys was further confirmed by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. RESULTS JP combined with Pred exhibited the most remarkable therapeutic effect compared with JP or Pred alone. Transcriptome analysis indicated that Nrf2, a central mediator of the antioxidative response, was significantly upregulated by JP. Based on these results, we speculated that Nrf2 is a critical factor for JP, improving the efficacy of Pred in treating LN by notably suppressing the oxidative stress level in the kidneys. Furthermore, we found that Nrf2 expression decreased with the exacerbation of LN in MRL/lpr mice. In addition, the downregulated Nrf2 was notably restored after JP treatment, accompanied by suppressed oxidative stress levels in the kidneys. It includes inhibited accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), restored mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels, and increased antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that JP increases Pred efficacy by increasing Nrf2 expression, implying that Nrf2 may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Du
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yuxiang Feng
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Chengping Wen
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Zhixing He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Almeida-Brasil CC, Hanly JG, Urowitz M, Clarke AE, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Gordon C, Ramsey-Goldman R, Petri MA, Ginzler EM, Wallace DJ, Bae SC, Romero-Diaz J, Dooley MA, Peschken C, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Manzi S, Jacobsen S, Lim SS, van Vollenhoven R, Nived O, Jönsen A, Kamen DL, Aranow C, Sánchez-Guerrero J, Gladman DD, Fortin PR, Alarcon GS, Merrill JT, Kalunian K, Ramos-Casals M, Steinsson K, Zoma A, Askanase AD, Khamashta M, Bruce IN, Inanc M, Lukusa L, Bernatsky S. Retinal toxicity in a multinational inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus on hydroxychloroquine. Lupus Sci Med 2022; 9:e000789. [PMID: 36396267 PMCID: PMC9677013 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2022-000789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)-related retinal toxicity in the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) inception cohort. METHODS Data were collected at annual study visits between 1999 and 2019. We followed patients with incident SLE from first visit on HCQ (time zero) up to time of retinal toxicity (outcome), death, loss-to-follow-up or end of study. Potential retinal toxicity was identified from SLICC Damage Index scores; cases were confirmed with chart review. Using cumulative HCQ duration as the time axis, we constructed univariate Cox regression models to assess if covariates (ie, HCQ daily dose/kg, sex, race/ethnicity, age at SLE onset, education, body mass index, renal damage, chloroquine use) were associated with HCQ-related retinal toxicity. RESULTS We studied 1460 patients (89% female, 52% white). Retinal toxicity was confirmed in 11 patients (incidence 1.0 per 1000 person-years, 0.8% overall). Average cumulative time on HCQ in those with retinal toxicity was 7.4 (SD 3.2) years; the first case was detected 4 years after HCQ initiation. Risk of retinal toxicity was numerically higher in older patients at SLE diagnosis (univariate HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.09). CONCLUSIONS This is the first assessment of HCQ and retinal disease in incident SLE. We did not see any cases of retinopathy within the first 4 years of HCQ. Cumulative HCQ may be associated with increased risk. Ophthalmology monitoring (and formal assessment of cases of potential toxicity, by a retinal specialist) remains important, especially in patients on HCQ for 10+ years, those needing higher doses and those of older age at SLE diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celline C Almeida-Brasil
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - John G Hanly
- Rheumatology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Murray Urowitz
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Center for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ann Elaine Clarke
- Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Caroline Gordon
- Rheumatology Research Group, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Michelle A Petri
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ellen M Ginzler
- Medicine/Rheumatology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel J Wallace
- Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sang-Cheol Bae
- Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology and Hanyang University Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juanita Romero-Diaz
- Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mary-Anne Dooley
- Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - David Isenberg
- Medicine (Rheumatology), University College London, London, UK
| | - Anisur Rahman
- Medicine (Rheumatology), University College London, London, UK
| | - Susan Manzi
- Allegheny Singer Research Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Søren Jacobsen
- Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Sam Lim
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ronald van Vollenhoven
- Department of Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ola Nived
- Department of Clinical Science, Rheumatology, Lund University Faculty of Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Jönsen
- Department of Clinical Science, Rheumatology, Lund University Faculty of Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - Diane L Kamen
- Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Cynthia Aranow
- Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Disease, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research Fertility Research Laboratory, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Jorge Sánchez-Guerrero
- Center for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- Center for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul R Fortin
- Medicine-Rheumatology, Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Graciela S Alarcon
- Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Joan T Merrill
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kenneth Kalunian
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Manuel Ramos-Casals
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kristjan Steinsson
- Rheumatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjavik, Iceland
| | - A Zoma
- Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, UK
| | - Anca D Askanase
- Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Ian N Bruce
- Arc Epidemiology Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Murat Inanc
- Internal Medicine Rheumatology, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Luck Lukusa
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sasha Bernatsky
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Chen Y, Wang L, Cao Y, Li N. Total Glucosides of Paeonia lactiflora for Safely Reducing Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:834947. [PMID: 35173622 PMCID: PMC8841895 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.834947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Total glucosides of paeony (TGP), extracted from the dried roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., are proven to regulate immune function in various rheumatic diseases. We aim to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of TGP in reducing disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: We searched trials in seven electronic databases and two clinical trail registries. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating efficacy and safety of TGP for SLE were identified. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0 was used for quality assessment of the included trials, and RevMan 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: A total of 14 RCTs were included, including 978 participants, 492 in the intervention group and 486 in the control group. Regarding the efficacy of TGP for SLE, results showed that TGP plus conventional treatments (CTs) was superior to CTs alone in reducing disease activity (MDSLEDAI-1m = −3.54, 95% CI = −4.08 to −3.00, p < 0.00001; MDSLEDAI-2m = −3.80, 95% CI = −4.51 to −3.09, p < 0.00001; MDSLEDAI-3m = −1.62, 95% CI = −2.60 to −0.64, p < 0.0001; MDSLEDAI-6m = −1.97, 95% CI = −3.18 to −0.76, p = 0.001). The results also showed that TGP contributed to a betterment in improving other outcomes related to lupus activity, such as ESR, CRP, complement proteins (C3, C4), and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM). In addition, TGP significantly decreased average daily glucocorticoid dosage and cumulative cyclophosamide dosage, as well as disease recurrence rate. In terms of safety, TGP may reduce the incidence of adverse reactions (RR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.29 to 0.88, p = 0.01). The certainty of the evidence were assessed as moderate to low. Conclusion: TGP appears potentially effective and generally safe in reducing disease activity in SLE. However, in view of high risk of bias, the findings need to be confirmed in high-quality trials. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42021274850
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liuding Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ji LN, Wu S, Fu DQ, Fang SJ, Xie GQ, Fan YS, Bao J. Jieduquyuziyin Prescription alleviates hepatic gluconeogenesis via PI3K/Akt/PGC-1α pathway in glucocorticoid-induced MRL/lpr mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114815. [PMID: 34763039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jieduquyuziyin prescription (JP) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula. According to both TCM theory and more than a decade of clinical practice, JP has been testified to be effective for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treatment as an approved hospital prescription in China. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine the effect of JP on the treatment of SLE by glucocorticoid (GC) and to further examine the molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted in vivo experiments to estimate the effect of JP on hepatic gluconeogenesis in MRL/lpr mice treated with GC. Additionally, isoproterenol (ISO) induced hepatic gluconeogenesis model and GC-treated MRL/lpr mouse hepatocytes were carried out in vitro experiments to verify the effect of JP on gluconeogenesis. RESULTS The results showed that JP combined with GC could effectively alleviate the lupus symptoms in MRL/lpr mice and improve the pathological changes of the kidney and liver. And the combination of JP reduced the side effects caused by GC, which was related to the inhibition of GC-induced hepatic gluconeogenesis in MRL/lpr mice. Specifically, JP up-regulated the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) α, phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt restrained by GC to reduce the production of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and the gluconeogenic genes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase). In vivo, the use of JP either alone or with GC could reduce spleen enlargement, high levels of serum antibodies, aggravated urine protein and renal pathological damage in MRL/lpr mice. Furthermore, the glucose content was reduced in the liver of MRL/lpr mice treated with JP, and the liver damage and steatosis were also alleviated. In vitro, the expressions of PI3K and Akt increased and the expressions of FoxO1, PGC-1α, PEPCK and G6Pase decreased after JP treatment in ISO-treated hepatocytes. Compared with MRL/MP mice, we found that JP could significantly inhibit the expression of gluconeogenesis in the hepatocytes of MRL/lpr mice induced by GC to a greater extent. CONCLUSIONS The therapeutic effect of JP on GC-induced is likely related to hepatic gluconeogenesis, which provides a new perspective to reveal the positive role of JP in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Ji
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Shan Wu
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dan-Qing Fu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Si-Jia Fang
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Guan-Qun Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yong-Sheng Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jie Bao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Bazotte RB, Hirabara SM, Serdan TAD, Gritte RB, Souza-Siqueira T, Gorjao R, Masi LN, Antunes MM, Cruzat V, Pithon-Curi TC, Curi R. 4-Aminoquinoline compounds from the Spanish flu to COVID-19. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111138. [PMID: 33360781 PMCID: PMC7973050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1918, quinine was used as one of the unscientifically based treatments against the H1N1 virus during the Spanish flu pandemic. Originally, quinine was extracted from the bark of Chinchona trees by South American natives of the Amazon forest, and it has been used to treat fever since the seventeenth century. The recent COVID-19 pandemic caused by Sars-Cov-2 infection has forced researchers to search for ways to prevent and treat this disease. Based on the antiviral potential of two 4-aminoquinoline compounds derived from quinine, known as chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), clinical investigations for treating COVID-19 are being conducted worldwide. However, there are some discrepancies among the clinical trial outcomes.Thus, even after one hundred years of quinine use during the Spanish flu pandemic, the antiviral properties promoted by 4-aminoquinoline compounds remain unclear. The underlying molecular mechanisms by which CQ and HCQ inhibit viral replication open up the possibility of developing novel analogs of these drugs to combat COVID-19 and other viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandro Massao Hirabara
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Raquel Bragante Gritte
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Talita Souza-Siqueira
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Renata Gorjao
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Laureane Nunes Masi
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Vinicius Cruzat
- Faculty of Health, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Tania Cristina Pithon-Curi
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rui Curi
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Li M, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Huang C, Liu Y, Gu J, Zhang X, Xu H, Li X, Wu L, Song Y, Li X, Jin H, Lei J, Chen Y, Zeng X. 2020 Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. RHEUMATOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2020; 1:5-23. [PMID: 36465077 PMCID: PMC9524765 DOI: 10.2478/rir-2020-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease that represents a prodigious challenge of diagnosis and treatment. In 2019, under the leadership of the Chinese Rheumatology Association, a multidisciplinary guideline development group was established to develop an evidence-based diagnosis and treatment guideline for patients with SLE in PR China. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to evaluate the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations. The guideline was reported following the Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT) checklist. In this guideline, we provided recommendations for SLE classification criteria, disease activity monitoring and assessment, medication administration and considerations for SLE patients with organs and systems involved, and management of special populations such as SLE patients in the setting of pregnancy. This guideline serves as an evidence-based tool for Chinese clinicians to diagnose and treat patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Cibo Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jieruo Gu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huji Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Urumuqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yijun Song
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhong Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junqiang Lei
- Department of Radiology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yaolong Chen
- Lanzhou University Evidence-based Medicine Center/Chinese GRADE Center, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chinese Rheumatology Association, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Chinese Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treatment and Research Group
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Urumuqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Lanzhou University Evidence-based Medicine Center/Chinese GRADE Center, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is highlighting the most recent evidence on the clinical efficacy and toxicity of antimalarials in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). RECENT FINDINGS New data confirm the effects of antimalarials in preventing SLE activity, damage and infections and in decreasing mortality. An important reduction in use of health resources is related to continued antimalarial use. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) may prevent preeclampsia in pregnant women with SLE. HCQ ocular toxicity is infrequent and could be associated with blood levels. Gastrointestinal and skin toxicity are underrecognized and could influence adherence. Prolongation of QT interval is extremely unusual with HCQ. Doses of HCQ of 200 mg/day seem to offer a good efficacy/toxicity balance. HCQ protection against herpes zoster and Pneumocystis jirovecii infection has been shown. On the contrary, HCQ prescription by doctors and adherence by patients are both under recommended standards. The recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has resulted in a significant shortage of HCQ in many countries with possible consequences in the correct treatment of lupus patients. SUMMARY Recent evidence reinforces the central role of HCQ in SLE therapy. The reduction in activity, damage accrual and mortality is consistent across studies, countries and ethnical groups. On the contrary, and despite the well established beneficial effects of prolonged regular HCQ therapy, many SLE patients do never take this drug or it is eventually stopped in the setting of severe flares, pregnancy or presumed toxicity. Every effort must be made to assure the correct prescription of HCQ and not to withdraw the drug unless unequivocal signs of toxicity are present.
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Systemischer Lupus erythematodes: Netzhauttoxizität von
Antimalariamittel. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1190-8971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquin (HCQ) und Chloroquin (CQ) sind Schlüsselmedikamente
zur Behandlung des systemischem Lupus (SLE) und ähnlichen
Erkrankungen. Die Netzhauttoxizität ist die besorgniserregendste
Nebenwirkung. Kanadische Ärzte untersuchten Faktoren, die
möglicherweise mit der Toxizität der Netzhaut
zusammenhängen, mithilfe von Fall-Kontroll-Analysen.
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