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Ahuja R, Vishwakarma P, Raj S, Kumar V, Khatri R, Lohiya B, Saxena S, Kaur G, Singh G, Asthana S, Ahmed S, Samal S. Characterization and immunogenicity assessment of MERS-CoV pre-fusion spike trimeric oligomers as vaccine immunogen. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2351664. [PMID: 38757508 PMCID: PMC11110700 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2351664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a lethal beta-coronavirus that emerged in 2012. The virus is part of the WHO blueprint priority list with a concerning fatality rate of 35%. Scientific efforts are ongoing for the development of vaccines, anti-viral and biotherapeutics, which are majorly directed toward the structural spike protein. However, the ongoing effort is challenging due to conformational instability of the spike protein and the evasion strategy posed by the MERS-CoV. In this study, we have expressed and purified the MERS-CoV pre-fusion spike protein in the Expi293F mammalian expression system. The purified protein was extensively characterized for its biochemical and biophysical properties. Thermal stability analysis showed a melting temperature of 58°C and the protein resisted major structural changes at elevated temperature as revealed by fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism. Immunological assessment of the MERS-CoV spike immunogen in BALB/c mice with AddaVaxTM and Imject alum adjuvants showed elicitation of high titer antibody responses but a more balanced Th1/Th2 response with AddaVaxTM squalene like adjuvant. Together, our results suggest the formation of higher-order trimeric pre-fusion MERS-CoV spike proteins, which were able to induce robust immune responses. The comprehensive characterization of MERS-CoV spike protein warrants a better understanding of MERS spike protein and future vaccine development efforts.
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MESH Headings
- Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus/immunology
- Animals
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
- Mice
- Female
- Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control
- Coronavirus Infections/immunology
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Vaccine
- Humans
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Ahuja
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Preeti Vishwakarma
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sneha Raj
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Varun Kumar
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Ritika Khatri
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Bharat Lohiya
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shikha Saxena
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Gurleen Kaur
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Computational Biophysics and CADD Group, Computational and Mathematical Biology Center (CMBC), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Asthana
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Computational Biophysics and CADD Group, Computational and Mathematical Biology Center (CMBC), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shubbir Ahmed
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Centralized Core Research Facility (CCRF), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sweety Samal
- Influenza and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Almeida Furquim de Camargo B, Fonseca-Santos B, Gonçalves Carvalho S, Corrêa Carvalho G, Delello Di Filippo L, Sousa Araújo VH, Lobato Duarte J, Polli Silvestre AL, Bauab TM, Chorilli M. Functionalized lipid-based drug delivery nanosystems for the treatment of human infectious diseases. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023; 49:214-230. [PMID: 35634703 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2047007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are still public health problems. Microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and parasites are the main causing agents related to these diseases. In this context, the search for new effective strategies in prevention and/or treatment is considered essential, since current drugs often have side effects or end up, causing microbial resistance, making it a serious health problem. As an alternative to these limitations, nanotechnology has been widely used. The use of lipid-based drug delivery nanosystems (DDNs) has some advantages, such as biocompatibility, low toxicity, controlled release, the ability to carry both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, in addition to be easel scalable. Besides, as an improvement, studies involving the conjugation of signalling molecules on the surfaces of these nanocarriers can allow the target of certain tissues or cells. Thus, this review summarizes the performance of functionalized lipid-based DDNs for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, bacteria, fungi, and parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Fonseca-Santos
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonatas Lobato Duarte
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | - Taís Maria Bauab
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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Klivleyeva N, Lukmanova G, Glebova T, Shamenova M, Ongarbayeva N, Saktaganov N, Baimukhametova A, Baiseiit S, Ismagulova D, Kassymova G, Rachimbayeva A, Murzagaliyeva A, Xetayeva G, Isabayeva R, Sagatova M. Spread of Pathogens Causing Respiratory Viral Diseases Before and During CoVID-19 Pandemic in Kazakhstan. Indian J Microbiol 2023; 63:129-138. [PMID: 37168842 PMCID: PMC9972336 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Analyze clinical samples collected and determine the etiology of viral pathogens and the dynamics of their spread. Acute respiratory viral infections remain one of the key health problems worldwide. They constitute etiologically independent diseases, with similar clinical infection manifestations and a single mechanism for the transmission of pathogens. 4712 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from people before and during the COVID-19 pandemic with acute respiratory infections that tested negative for COVID-19 and were examined in this study. The collected samples were screened by a real-time polymerase chain reaction on a Rotor-Gene Q6 plex instrument. Statistical processing of the results, tabular, and graphical data were analyzed in the MS Excel. The largest number of the nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children under 17 years of age (60.75%). In 702 samples (9.85%) pathogens of respiratory infections of non-influenza etiology were detected, including adenovirus, bocavirus, coronavirus, metapneumovirus, paramyxovirus types I–IV, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinovirus. At the same time, both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, different influenza virus variants co-circulation (A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and type B) were discovered, with a predominance of viruses with the antigenic formula A/H1N1. The results of the study indicate the need for continuous monitoring of the viral pathogens spread, which will expand the existing knowledge of the viral etiology of respiratory diseases and highlight the importance of viruses in the respiratory infections occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nailya Klivleyeva
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Galina Lukmanova
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Tatyana Glebova
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Mira Shamenova
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nuray Ongarbayeva
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurbol Saktaganov
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Assem Baimukhametova
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Sagadat Baiseiit
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Dariya Ismagulova
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Almagul Rachimbayeva
- The Almaty Branch of National Center for Expertise, 3 Zhibek Zholy Avenue, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ardak Murzagaliyeva
- The West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, 68 Maresyev Street, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulzakira Xetayeva
- The Children’s City Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital, SOPE On REM, ChCCIDH, 299a Baizakova Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Rauna Isabayeva
- The Communal State Enterprise Regional Region Clinical Hospital (CSE RCH) of Karaganda Regional Health Department, 41/43 Erubaev Street, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Madisha Sagatova
- The East Kazakhstan Regional Branch of National Center for Expertise, 17 Independence Avenue, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan
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Rezazadeh A, Rasanani MH, Nourmohammadi J, Akhondi M, Vaeaz ZS, Moghadam MH. Evaluation of the effect of the drug on physiotherapy methods on cytokines and chemokines of Covid-19 patients. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MILITARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2022.125.4.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous investigations have demonstrated that interleukin-6 (IL-6), C reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-alpha), in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are considerably increased, and their progressive elevation are clinical threat indicators of disease severity. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy of physiotherapy, specifically chest physiotherapy, on different cytokines in Covid-19 and non-covid-19 patients. The main complications and symptoms of this virus are as follows; a dry cough, fever, and progressive dyspnea. Quickly, the coronavirus, which is named SARS-CoV-21, has spread worldwide, causing severe lung inflammation, respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac and renal injury, especially in comorbidities patients. Approximately 96% of the cases experience mild respiratory symptoms; some progress to pneumonia, respiratory insufficiency, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure. The overall mortality rate per number of diagnosed cases is 4.6%; it can range from 0.2% to 15% according to age and health problems. Combination MeSH and text terms were used to perform the search strategy. Interventions in RCTs and clinical trials with or without comparison were assessed. Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies demonstrated that physiotherapy could have an effect on TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β and CRP.
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Chadha J, Khullar L, Mittal N. Facing the wrath of enigmatic mutations: a review on the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants amid coronavirus disease-19 pandemic. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:2615-2629. [PMID: 34320263 PMCID: PMC8441773 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging respiratory virus responsible for the ongoing coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. More than a year into this pandemic, the COVID-19 fatigue is still escalating and takes hold of the entire world population. Driven by the ongoing geographical expansion and upcoming mutations, the COVID-19 pandemic has taken a new shape in the form of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. These mutations in the viral spike (S) protein enhance the virulence of SARS-CoV-2 variants by improving viral infectivity, transmissibility and immune evasion abilities. Such variants have resulted in cluster outbreaks and fresh infection waves in various parts of the world with increased disease severity and poor clinical outcomes. Hence, the variants of SARS-CoV-2 pose a threat to human health and public safety. This review enlists the most recent updates regarding the presently characterized variants of SARS-CoV-2 recognized by the global regulatory health authorities (WHO, CDC). Based on the slender literature on SARS-CoV-2 variants, we collate information on the biological implications of these mutations on virus pathology. We also shed light on the efficacy of therapeutics and COVID-19 vaccines against the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatin Chadha
- Department of MicrobiologyPanjab UniversityChandigarhIndia
| | | | - Nidhi Mittal
- Molecular Biophysics UnitIndian Institute of Science (IISc)BengaluruIndia
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Kim JY, Yang KS, Chung Y, Lee KB, Suh JW, Kim SB, Sohn JW, Yoon YK. Epidemiologic Characteristics and Clinical Significance of Respiratory Viral Infections Among Adult Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:829624. [PMID: 35685411 PMCID: PMC9171106 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.829624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The diagnosis of respiratory viral infections (RVIs) in critically ill patients is important for determining treatment options and adhering to infection-control protocols. However, data on the incidence and occurrence patterns of RVIs are scarce. We investigated the epidemiology and clinical impact of RVIs in critically ill patients. Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in South Korea between November 2014 and September 2020. Adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) who tested positive for an RVI by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) and were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were included in the study. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were obtained by reviewing electronic medical records. Pearson's χ2 test and Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare between groups of patients. Trend analysis and the χ2-based Q test was used to analyze test behavior of physicians performing mPCR test. Results Among 22,517 patients admitted to the ICU during the study period, 2,222 (9.9%) underwent mPCR testing for an RVI. The median timing of mPCR testing after ICU admission was 1 day (IQR, 0-2). A total of 335 (15.1%) non-duplicative RVI-positive cases were included in the analysis. The incidence rate of RVIs in ICU patients was 30.45 per 10,000 patient-days. The most frequently detected RVI was influenza A (27.8%), followed by rhinovirus (25.4%). Thirty-two (9.6%) RVI-positive patients were diagnosed with upper respiratory infections, 193 (64.1%) with community-acquired, and 108 (35.9%) with hospital-acquired pneumonia. All-cause mortality and mortality related to respiratory tract infection (RTI) were 30.7% and 22.1%, respectively. The initial presentation of septic shock, requirement for mechanical ventilation, and lymphocytopenia were significant predictors of RTI-related mortality. Of the RVI-positive patients, 151 (45.1%) had nonviral coinfections and presented with higher clinical severity and longer hospital stays than patients infected solely with viral pathogens. Conclusion The incidence of RVIs in ICU patients is common. ICU patients with RVIs had high mortality and frequently presented with coinfections with nonviral pathogens, which were associated with a higher clinical severity than sole RVI. Increased testing for RVIs will enhance infection-control efforts and improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yeon Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youseung Chung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Byung Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Woong Suh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Bean Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jang Wook Sohn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Kyung Yoon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Refay ASE, Shehata MA, Sherif LS, Nady HGE, Kholoussi N, Kholoussi S, Baroudy NRE, Gomma MR, Mahmoud SH, Shama NMA, Bagato O, Taweel AE, kandeil A, Ali MA. Prevalence of viral pathogens in a sample of hospitalized Egyptian children with acute lower respiratory tract infections: a two-year prospective study. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2022; 46:103. [PMID: 35431533 PMCID: PMC9006499 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-022-00790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral pneumonias are a major cause of childhood mortality. Proper management needs early and accurate diagnosis. This study objective is to investigate the viral etiologies of pneumonia in children. RESULTS This prospective study enrolled 158 and 101 patients in the first and second year, respectively, and their mean age was 4.72 ± 2.89. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected and subjected to virus diagnosis by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Viral etiologies of pneumonia were evidenced in 59.5% of the samples in the first year, all of them were affirmative for influenza A, 2 samples were affirmative for Human coronavirus NL63, and one for Human coronavirus HKU1. In the second year, 87% of patients had a viral illness. The most prevalent agents are human metapneumovirus which was detected in 44 patients (43.6%) followed by human rhinovirus in 35 patients (34.7%) and then parainfluenza-3 viruses in 33 patients (32.7%), while 14 patients had a confirmed diagnosis for both Pan coronavirus and Flu-B virus. CONCLUSIONS Viral infection is prevalent in the childhood period; however, the real magnitude of viral pneumonia in children is underestimated. The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction has to be a vital tool for epidemiological research and is able to clear the gaps in-between clinical pictures and final diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira S. El Refay
- Child Health Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), PO Box 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Manal A. Shehata
- Child Health Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), PO Box 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Lobna S. Sherif
- Child Health Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), PO Box 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hala G. El Nady
- Child Health Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), PO Box 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Kholoussi
- Immunogenetics Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Shams Kholoussi
- Immunogenetics Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
| | | | - Mokhtar R. Gomma
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sara H. Mahmoud
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Noura M. Abo Shama
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ola Bagato
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El Taweel
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed kandeil
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Ali
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Tania M, Asad A, Li T, Islam MS, Islam SB, Hossen MM, Bhuiyan MR, Khan MA. Thymoquinone against infectious diseases: Perspectives in recent pandemics and future therapeutics. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:1014-1022. [PMID: 34804418 PMCID: PMC8591769 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.56250.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The recent pandemics caused by coronavirus infections have become major challenges in 21st century human health. Scientists are struggling hard to develop a complete cure for infectious diseases, for example, drugs or vaccines against these deadly infectious diseases. We have searched papers on thymoquinone (TQ) and its effects on different infectious diseases in databases like Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, and reviewed them in this study. To date research suggests that natural products may become a potential therapeutic option for their prodigious anti-viral or anti-microbial effects on infectious diseases. TQ, a natural phytochemical from black seeds, is known for its health-beneficial activities against several diseases, including infections. It is evident from different in vitro and in vivo studies that TQ is effective against tuberculosis, influenza, dengue, Ebola, Zika, hepatitis, malaria, HIV, and even recent pandemics caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome of coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2). In these cases, the molecular mechanism of TQ is partly clear but mostly obscure. In this review article, we have discussed the role of TQ against different infectious diseases, including COVID-19, and also critically reviewed the future use of TQ use to fight against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Tania
- Research Division of Nature Study Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Division of Molecular Cancer, Red Green Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Asaduzzaman Asad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tian Li
- The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Md. Shariful Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tejgaon College, National University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shad Bin Islam
- Bachelor in Medicine and Surgery Program, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Md. Munnaf Hossen
- Department of Immunology, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Md. Asaduzzaman Khan
- The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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9
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Jia Z, Wu Y. Clinical applications and pharmacological research progress of Lianhua Qingwen capsules/granules. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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10
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Ryabkova VA, Churilov LP, Shoenfeld Y. Influenza infection, SARS, MERS and COVID-19: Cytokine storm - The common denominator and the lessons to be learned. Clin Immunol 2021; 223:108652. [PMID: 33333256 PMCID: PMC7832378 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 reminds us that the emerging and reemerging respiratory virus infections pose a continuing threat to human life. Cytokine storm syndromes of viral origin seem to have a common pathogenesis of the imbalanced immune response with the exaggerated inflammatory reaction combined with the reduction and functional exhaustion of T cells. Immunomodulatory therapy is gaining interest in COVID-19, but this strategy has received less attention in other respiratory viral infections than it deserved. In this review we suggest that based on the similarities of the immune dysfunction in the severe cases of different respiratory viral infections, some lessons from the immunomodulatory therapy of COVID-19 (particularly regarding the choice of an immunomodulatory drug, the selection of patients and optimal time window for this kind of therapy) could be applied for some cases of severe influenza infection and probably for some future outbreaks of novel severe respiratory viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara A Ryabkova
- Laboratory of the Mosaics of Autoimmunity, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Leonid P Churilov
- Laboratory of the Mosaics of Autoimmunity, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Laboratory of the Mosaics of Autoimmunity, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Affiliated to Tel-Aviv University School of Medicine, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
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Sharov KS. Creating and applying SIR modified compartmental model for calculation of COVID-19 lockdown efficiency. CHAOS, SOLITONS, AND FRACTALS 2020; 141:110295. [PMID: 32994671 PMCID: PMC7513696 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We propose a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) modified model for Coronavirus disease - 2019 (COVID-19) spread to estimate the efficacy of lockdown measures introduced during the pandemic. As input data, we used COVID-19 epidemiological information collected in fifteen European countries either in private surveys or using official statistics. Thirteen countries implemented lockdown measures, two countries (Sweden, Iceland) not. As output parameters, we studied herd immunity level and time of formation. Comparison of these parameters was used as an indicator of effectiveness / ineffectiveness of lockdown measures. In the absence of a medical vaccine, herd immunity may be regarded as a factor of population adaptation to severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2, the viral pathogen causing COVID-19 disease (SARS-CoV-2), and hence COVID-19 spreading stop. We demonstrated that there is no significant difference between lockdown and no-lockdown modes of COVID-19 containment, in terms of both herd immunity level and the time of achieving its maximum. The rationale for personal and business lockdowns may be found in the avoidance of healthcare system overburdening. However, lockdowns do not prevent any virus with droplet transmission (including SARS-CoV-2) from spreading. Therefore, in case of a future viral pathogen emergence, lockdown measures efficiency should not be overestimated, as it was done almost universally in the world during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin S Sharov
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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12
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Chen Y, Zhu C, Xu Z, Song Y, Zhang H. Acupuncture for corona virus disease 2019: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22231. [PMID: 33019397 PMCID: PMC7535668 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), at present, accumulative attention has been paid to COVID-19 due to its global prevalence. Acupuncture may play a beneficial role in patients who suffer from COVID-19. In China and East Asia, acupuncture has been widely used to treat diverse diseases for thousands of years, as an important method of treatment now, it plays an indispensable role in the treatment of respiratory diseases in China. This study is designed to determine the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in COVID-19. METHODS We will search the following sources for the Randomized controlled trials (RCT): The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Chinese Science, and the Wanfang Database. All the above databases will be searched from the available date of inception until the latest issue. No language or publication restriction will be used. Primary outcomes will include chest CT and nucleic acid detection of respiratory samples. RESULTS The results will provide a high-quality synthesis of current evidence for researchers in this subject area. CONCLUSION The conclusion of our study will provide evidence to evaluate whether acupuncture is an effective treatments for patients suffering from COVID-19. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020180875.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- Department of Galactophore, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zhangmeng Xu
- Department of Sport Medicine, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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13
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Sharov KS. Adaptation to SARS-CoV-2 under stress: Role of distorted information. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13294. [PMID: 32474908 PMCID: PMC7300576 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the time of global SARS-CoV-2 spread across the earth in February 2020, most of countries faced the problem of massive stress of their healthcare systems. In many cases, the structural stress was a result of incorrect allocation of medical care resources. In turn, this misallocation resulted from fear and apprehensions that superseded thorough calculations. A key role in exacerbating the healthcare sector overburdening was played by misleading information on the virus and disease caused by it. In the current paper, we study the situation in Russian healthcare system and advance recommendations how to avoid further crises. MATERIALS AND METHODS (a) Surveying the medical personnel (231 doctors, 317 nurses and 355 ambulance medical workers of lower levels) in five hospitals and six ambulance centres in Moscow. (b) Content analysis of 3164 accounts in Russian segment of social networks (VKontakte, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Odnoklassniki); official and unofficial media (TV, informational webpages). RESULTS We revealed positive-feedback loop that threatened the sustainability of Russian care sector. The main knot was occupied by incorrect/exaggerated media coverage of COVID-19. General public scared by misinformation in media and social networks, started to panic. This negative social background undermined the productivity of a significant part of medical workers who were afraid of COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSIONS The most serious problems of Russian healthcare sector related to COVID-19 pandemic, were informational problems. The exaggerated information on COVID-19 had big negative influence upon Russian society and healthcare system, despite SARS-CoV-2 relatively low epidemiological hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin S Sharov
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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14
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Newly developed diagnostic methods for SARS-CoV-2 detection. TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/tjb-2020-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe emergence of SARS-CoV-2, responsible for COVID-19 disease, has caused a substantial worldwide pandemic and has become a significant public health problem. World Health Organization (WHO) has declared COVID-19 as a devastating health emergency for all countries. Public health officials continue to monitor the situation closely to control this new virus-related outbreak. In order to continue to manage this pandemic, a fast and sensitive diagnosis of COVID-19 is attempted. Emerging tests have become an essential part of the management of the COVID-19 crisis. This review article aims to provide a detailed explanation of ongoing and new diagnostic technologies for SARS-CoV-2 and a summary of method principles. Examples of new diagnostic methods for providing efficient and rapid diagnostic tests for managing the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak are also mentioned.
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Wu L, Dong Y, Li J, Huang J, Wen D, Peng T, Luo J. The effect of massage on the quality of life in patients recovering from COVID-19: A systematic review protocol. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20529. [PMID: 32502008 PMCID: PMC7306388 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a worldwide outbreak of covid-19, and as the number of patients increases, more and more patients are recovering. Massage is used as an alternative therapy. Currently, there are no relevant articles for systematic review. METHODS We will search the randomized controlled trials related to acupuncture therapy and postoperative anorectal diseases from inception to January 2020. The following database is our focus area: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Wan-Fang Database. All published randomized controlled trials in English or Chinese related to massage for COVID-19 will be included. Primary outcome asthe influence of massage on the quality of life of convalescent patients. Secondary outcomes were accompanying symptoms (such as myalgia, expectoration, stuffiness, runny nose, pharyngalgia, anhelation, chest distress, dyspnea, crackles, headache, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea) disappear rate, negative COVID-19 results rate on 2 consecutive occasions (not on the same day), average hospitalization time, clinical curative effect, and improved quality of life. RESULTS The results will provide a high-quality synthesis of current evidence for researchers in this subject area. CONCLUSION The conclusion of our study will provide evidence to judge whether massage is an effective intervention on the quality of life in patients recovering. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020181398.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Wu
- Department of Tuina, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yuting Dong
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Li
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Ju Huang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Dengpeng Wen
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Peng
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Luo
- Department of Tuina, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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