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Huang Y, Wang S, Huang J, Shen Y, Zou L, Liu H. Investigating the Causal Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Allergic Conjunctivitis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39353056 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2024.2388202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the causal association between gut microbiota and allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using the summary statistics of gut microbiota (18,340) from MiBio-Gen consortium and allergic conjunctivitis data (n = 218,792) obtained from the IEU Open GWAS project. F-statistics and sensitivity analyses were used to address potential biases and ensure the reliability of our findings. Reverse MR analysis was conducted to assess the possible of reverse causal relationships. RESULTS The inverse variance weighted estimates revealed the protective potential of the phylum Euryarchaeota against allergic conjunctivitis (OR = 0.87, p = 6.17 × 10-4). On the other hand, the genus Christensenellaceae R.7 group (OR = 0.75, p = 2.89 × 10-3), family Peptostreptococcaceae (OR = 0.83, p = 6.22 × 10-3), genus Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group (OR = 0.82, p = 0.02) all showed a suggestive protective association with allergic conjunctivitis. Additionally, sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the above associations. In the reverse MR analysis, no significant causal association was found between gut microbiota and allergic conjunctivitis. CONCLUSION This study has revealed a potential causal correlation between the phylum Euryarchaeota and allergic conjunctivitis, offering new insights to improve prevention and treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyang Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfang Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yining Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ozma MA, Moaddab SR, Hosseini H, Khodadadi E, Ghotaslou R, Asgharzadeh M, Abbasi A, Kamounah FS, Aghebati Maleki L, Ganbarov K, Samadi Kafil H. A critical review of novel antibiotic resistance prevention approaches with a focus on postbiotics. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024; 64:9637-9655. [PMID: 37203933 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2214818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a significant public health issue, causing illnesses that were once easily treatable with antibiotics to develop into dangerous infections, leading to substantial disability and even death. To help fight this growing threat, scientists are developing new methods and techniques that play a crucial role in treating infections and preventing the inappropriate use of antibiotics. These effective therapeutic methods include phage therapies, quorum-sensing inhibitors, immunotherapeutics, predatory bacteria, antimicrobial adjuvants, haemofiltration, nanoantibiotics, microbiota transplantation, plant-derived antimicrobials, RNA therapy, vaccine development, and probiotics. As a result of the activity of probiotics in the intestine, compounds derived from the structure and metabolism of these bacteria are obtained, called postbiotics, which include multiple agents with various therapeutic applications, especially antimicrobial effects, by using different mechanisms. These compounds have been chosen in particular because they don't promote the spread of antibiotic resistance and don't include substances that can increase antibiotic resistance. This manuscript provides an overview of the novel approaches to preventing antibiotic resistance with emphasis on the various postbiotic metabolites derived from the gut beneficial microbes, their activities, recent related progressions in the food and medical fields, as well as concisely giving an insight into the new concept of postbiotics as "hyperpostbiotic".
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Asghari Ozma
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Reza Moaddab
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hedayat Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsaneh Khodadadi
- Material Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas-Fayetteville, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Reza Ghotaslou
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asgharzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fadhil S Kamounah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Khudaverdi Ganbarov
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Baku State University, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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3
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Sasaki M, Suaini NHA, Afghani J, Heye KN, O'Mahony L, Venter C, Lauener R, Frei R, Roduit C. Systematic review of the association between short-chain fatty acids and allergic diseases. Allergy 2024; 79:1789-1811. [PMID: 38391245 DOI: 10.1111/all.16065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
We performed a systematic review to investigate the current evidence on the association between allergic diseases and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are microbially produced and suggested as one mechanism on how gut microbiome affects the risk of allergic diseases. Medline, Embase and Web of Science were searched from data inception until September 2022. We identified 37 papers, of which 17 investigated prenatal or early childhood SCFAs and the development of allergic diseases in childhood, and 20 assessed SCFAs in patients with pre-existing allergic diseases. Study design, study populations, outcome definition, analysis method and reporting of the results varied between papers. Overall, there was some evidence showing that the three main SCFAs (acetate, propionate and butyrate) in the first few years of life had a protective effect against allergic diseases, especially for atopic dermatitis, wheeze or asthma and IgE-mediated food allergy in childhood. The association between each SCFA and allergic disease appeared to be different by disease and the age of assessment. Further research that can determine the potentially timing specific effect of each SCFA will be useful to investigate how SCFAs can be used in treatment or in prevention against allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Sasaki
- University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Noor H A Suaini
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jamie Afghani
- Environmental Medicine Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- ZIEL-Institute for Food and Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Environmental Health Centre, Helmholtz Munich - German Research Centre for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristina N Heye
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Department of Medicine, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Carina Venter
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, University of Colorado/Childrens Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Roger Lauener
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Remo Frei
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Roduit
- University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
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Bellomo AR, Rotondi G, Rago P, Bloise S, Di Ruzza L, Zingoni A, Di Valerio S, Valzano E, Di Pierro F, Cazzaniga M, Bertuccioli A, Guasti L, Zerbinati N, Lubrano R. Effect of Bifidobacterium bifidum Supplementation in Newborns Born from Cesarean Section on Atopy, Respiratory Tract Infections, and Dyspeptic Syndromes: A Multicenter, Randomized, and Controlled Clinical Trial. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1093. [PMID: 38930475 PMCID: PMC11205812 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cesarean section is considered a possible trigger of atopy and gut dysbiosis in newborns. Bifidobacteria, and specifically B. bifidum, are thought to play a central role in reducing the risk of atopy and in favoring gut eubiosis in children. Nonetheless, no trial has ever prospectively investigated the role played by this single bacterial species in preventing atopic manifestations in children born by cesarean section, and all the results published so far refer to mixtures of probiotics. We have therefore evaluated the impact of 6 months of supplementation with B. bifidum PRL2010 on the incidence, in the first year of life, of atopy, respiratory tract infections, and dyspeptic syndromes in 164 children born by cesarean (versus 249 untreated controls). The results of our multicenter, randomized, and controlled trial have shown that the probiotic supplementation significantly reduced the incidence of atopic dermatitis, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and signs and symptoms of dyspeptic syndromes. Concerning the gut microbiota, B. bifidum supplementation significantly increased α-biodiversity and the relative values of the phyla Bacteroidota and Actinomycetota, of the genus Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium and of the species B. bifidum and reduced the relative content of Escherichia/Shigella and Haemophilus. A 6-month supplementation with B. bifidum in children born by cesarean section reduces the risk of gut dysbiosis and has a positive clinical impact that remains observable in the following 6 months of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Bellomo
- Dipartimento Materno Infantile e di Scienze Urologiche, Sapienza Università di Roma, UOC di Pediatria e Neonatologia-Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (A.R.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Giulia Rotondi
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Gaslini Children Hospital and Research Institute, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Prudenza Rago
- Dipartimento Materno Infantile e di Scienze Urologiche, Sapienza Università di Roma, UOC di Pediatria e Neonatologia-Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (A.R.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Silvia Bloise
- Dipartimento Materno Infantile e di Scienze Urologiche, Sapienza Università di Roma, UOC di Pediatria e Neonatologia-Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (A.R.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Luigi Di Ruzza
- UOC Pediatria e Nido, Ospedale S.S. Trinità, 03039 Sora, Italy
| | - Annamaria Zingoni
- UOC Pediatria e Neonatologia, Ospedale G.B. Grassi, 00122 Ostia, Italy
| | - Susanna Di Valerio
- UOC Neonatologia e Terapia Intensiva Neonatale, Ospedale S. Spirito, 65124 Pescara, Italy
| | - Eliana Valzano
- UOC Neonatologia e Terapia Intensiva Neonatale, Ospedale S. Spirito, 65124 Pescara, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Pierro
- Scientific & Research Department, Velleja Research, 20125 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | | | - Alexander Bertuccioli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Luigina Guasti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Nicola Zerbinati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Riccardo Lubrano
- Dipartimento Materno Infantile e di Scienze Urologiche, Sapienza Università di Roma, UOC di Pediatria e Neonatologia-Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (A.R.B.); (P.R.)
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5
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Ryguła I, Pikiewicz W, Grabarek BO, Wójcik M, Kaminiów K. The Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Dysbiosis in Common Skin Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1984. [PMID: 38396663 PMCID: PMC10889245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dermatoses are an increasingly common problem, particularly in developed countries. The causes of this phenomenon include genetic factors and environmental elements. More and more scientific reports suggest that the gut microbiome, more specifically its dysbiosis, also plays an important role in the induction and progression of diseases, including dermatological diseases. The gut microbiome is recognised as the largest endocrine organ, and has a key function in maintaining human homeostasis. In this review, the authors will take a close look at the link between the gut-skin axis and the pathogenesis of dermatoses such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, and acne. The authors will also focus on the role of probiotics in remodelling the microbiome and the alleviation of dermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabella Ryguła
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Pikiewicz
- Collegium Medicum—Faculty of Medicine, WSB University, 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland; (W.P.); (B.O.G.); (M.W.)
| | - Beniamin Oskar Grabarek
- Collegium Medicum—Faculty of Medicine, WSB University, 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland; (W.P.); (B.O.G.); (M.W.)
| | - Michał Wójcik
- Collegium Medicum—Faculty of Medicine, WSB University, 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland; (W.P.); (B.O.G.); (M.W.)
| | - Konrad Kaminiów
- Collegium Medicum—Faculty of Medicine, WSB University, 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland; (W.P.); (B.O.G.); (M.W.)
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6
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Cox AJ, Ramsey R, Ware RS, Besseling-van der Vaart I, Cripps AW, West NP. Assessment of a Multispecies Probiotic Supplement for Relief of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2023; 29:313-320. [PMID: 37196163 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2022.0734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Background: Early phase clinical research provided initial support for the use of a multispecies probiotic supplement to improve quality of life (QoL) in adults with seasonal allergic rhinitis (AR) and reduce the use of AR symptom relieving medication. This study aimed to confirm these early phase findings in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Methods: Individuals, aged 18-65 years, with a minimum 2-year history of AR, moderate-to-severe AR symptoms, and a positive radio-allergosorbent test to Bermuda (Couch) Grass were randomized to receive either a multispecies probiotic supplement (total colony-forming units 4 × 109/day) or placebo twice daily for 8 weeks. A mini-rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (mRQLQ) scale was administered at screening, days 0, 28, and 56. The proportion of participants with a >0.7 improvement in mRQLQ was the primary outcome. Participants also completed a daily symptom and medication diary during the supplementation period. Results: There were 165 participants randomized, with 142 included in the primary outcome analysis. The percentage of participants meeting the threshold for a clinically meaningful reduction in the mRQLQ from days 0 to 56 was not significantly different between groups (61% vs. 62%, p = 0.90). However, 76 participants had a clinically meaningful improvement in QoL (decrease in mRQLQ >0.7) prior to the start of supplementation (screening to day 0). Conclusion: Changes in self-reported QoL and other disease severity metrics between screening and the start of supplementation limited the ability to discern an effect of supplementation and highlight the need for adaptive clinical trial designs in allergy research. Clinical Trial Registration: The trial was registered with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619001319167).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Cox
- Menzies Health Institute QLD, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rebecca Ramsey
- Menzies Health Institute QLD, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert S Ware
- Menzies Health Institute QLD, School Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Allan W Cripps
- Menzies Health Institute QLD, School Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas P West
- Menzies Health Institute QLD, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
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7
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Rahman T, Sarwar PF, Potter C, Comstock SS, Klepac-Ceraj V. Role of human milk oligosaccharide metabolizing bacteria in the development of atopic dermatitis/eczema. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1090048. [PMID: 37020647 PMCID: PMC10069630 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1090048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite affecting up to 20% of infants in the United States, there is no cure for atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema. Atopy usually manifests during the first six months of an infant's life and is one predictor of later allergic health problems. A diet of human milk may offer protection against developing atopic dermatitis. One milk component, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), plays an important role as a prebiotic in establishing the infant gut microbiome and has immunomodulatory effects on the infant immune system. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available information about bacterial members of the intestinal microbiota capable of metabolizing HMOs, the bacterial genes or metabolic products present in the intestinal tract during early life, and the relationship of these genes and metabolic products to the development of AD/eczema in infants. We find that specific HMO metabolism gene sets and the metabolites produced by HMO metabolizing bacteria may enable the protective role of human milk against the development of atopy because of interactions with the immune system. We also identify areas for additional research to further elucidate the relationship between the human milk metabolizing bacteria and atopy. Detailed metagenomic studies of the infant gut microbiota and its associated metabolomes are essential for characterizing the potential impact of human milk-feeding on the development of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Rahman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Prioty F. Sarwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Cassie Potter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Vanja Klepac-Ceraj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
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8
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Xiao X, Hu X, Yao J, Cao W, Zou Z, Wang L, Qin H, Zhong D, Li Y, Xue P, Jin R, Li Y, Shi Y, Li J. The role of short-chain fatty acids in inflammatory skin diseases. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1083432. [PMID: 36817115 PMCID: PMC9932284 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1083432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites of gut microbes that can modulate the host inflammatory response, and contribute to health and homeostasis. Since the introduction of the gut-skin axis concept, the link between SCFAs and inflammatory skin diseases has attracted considerable attention. In this review, we have summarized the literature on the role of SCFAs in skin inflammation, and the correlation between SCFAs and inflammatory skin diseases, especially atopic dermatitis, urticaria, and psoriasis. Studies show that SCFAs are signaling factors in the gut-skin axis and can alleviate skin inflammation. The information presented in this review provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms driving gut-skin axis regulation, along with possible pathways that can be targeted for the treatment and prevention of inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Xiao
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoshen Hu
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junpeng Yao
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Cao
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zihao Zou
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haiyan Qin
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongling Zhong
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peiwen Xue
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rongjiang Jin
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunzhou Shi
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Yunzhou Shi,
| | - Juan Li
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Juan Li,
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9
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Jansma J, Thome NU, Schwalbe M, Chatziioannou AC, Elsayed SS, van Wezel GP, van den Abbeele P, van Hemert S, El Aidy S. Dynamic effects of probiotic formula ecologic®825 on human small intestinal ileostoma microbiota: a network theory approach. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2232506. [PMID: 37417553 PMCID: PMC10332219 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2232506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in health and disease. The use of probiotics as microbiota-targeted therapies is a promising strategy to improve host health. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in such therapies are often not well understood, particularly when targeting the small intestinal microbiota. In this study, we investigated the effects of a probiotic formula (Ecologic®825) on the adult human small intestinal ileostoma microbiota. The results showed that supplementation with the probiotic formula led to a reduction in the growth of pathobionts, such as Enterococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, and a decrease in ethanol production. These changes were associated with significant alterations in nutrient utilization and resistance to perturbations. These probiotic mediated alterations which coincided with an initial increase in lactate production and decrease in pH were followed by a sharp increase in the levels of butyrate and propionate. Moreover, the probiotic formula increased the production of multiple N-acyl amino acids in the stoma samples. The study demonstrates the utility of network theory in identifying novel microbiota-targeted therapies and improving existing ones. Overall, the findings provide insights into the dynamic molecular mechanisms underlying probiotic therapies, which can aid in the development of more effective treatments for a range of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Jansma
- Host-Microbe Interactions, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola U. Thome
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Schwalbe
- Host-Microbe Interactions, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Somayah S. Elsayed
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles P. van Wezel
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Sahar El Aidy
- Host-Microbe Interactions, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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10
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Fan X, Zang T, Dai J, Wu N, Hope C, Bai J, Liu Y. The associations of maternal and children's gut microbiota with the development of atopic dermatitis for children aged 2 years. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1038876. [PMID: 36466879 PMCID: PMC9714546 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is critical to investigate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms in the development of atopic dermatitis. The microbiota hypothesis suggested that the development of allergic diseases may be attributed to the gut microbiota of mother-offspring pairs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among maternal-offspring gut microbiota and the subsequent development of atopic dermatitis in infants and toddlers at 2 years old. METHODS A total of 36 maternal-offspring pairs were enrolled and followed up to 2 years postpartum in central China. Demographic information and stool samples were collected perinatally from pregnant mothers and again postpartum from their respective offspring at the following time intervals: time of birth, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years. Stool samples were sequenced with the 16S Illumina MiSeq platform. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the differences in gut microbiota between the atopic dermatitis group and control group. RESULTS Our results showed that mothers of infants and toddlers with atopic dermatitis had higher abundance of Candidatus_Stoquefichus and Pseudomonas in pregnancy and that infants and toddlers with atopic dermatitis had higher abundance of Eubacterium_xylanophilum_group at birth, Ruminococcus_gauvreauii_group at 1 year and UCG-002 at 2 years, and lower abundance of Gemella and Veillonella at 2 years. Additionally, the results demonstrated a lower abundance of Prevotella in mothers of infants and toddlers with atopic dermatitis compared to mothers of the control group, although no statistical difference was found in the subsequent analysis. CONCLUSION The results of this study support that gut microbiota status among mother-offspring pairs appears to be associated with the pathophysiological development of pediatric atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Fan
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianzi Zang
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiamiao Dai
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ni Wu
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chloe Hope
- Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jinbing Bai
- Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Yanqun Liu
- Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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11
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Carucci L, Nocerino R, Paparo L, De Filippis F, Coppola S, Giglio V, Cozzolino T, Valentino V, Sequino G, Bedogni G, Russo R, Ercolini D, Berni Canani R. Therapeutic effects elicited by the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG in children with atopic dermatitis. The results of the ProPAD trial. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13836. [PMID: 36003050 PMCID: PMC9542056 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting up to 20% of the pediatric population associated with alteration of skin and gut microbiome. Probiotics have been proposed for AD treatment. The ProPAD study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in children with AD. METHODS In total, 100 AD patients aged 6-36 months were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial to receive placebo (Group A) or LGG (1 x 1010 CFU/daily) (Group B) for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the evaluation of the efficacy of LGG supplementation on AD severity comparing the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index at baseline (T0) and at 12-week (T12). A reduction of ≥8.7 points on the SCORAD index was considered as minimum clinically important difference (MCID). The secondary outcomes were the SCORAD index evaluation at 4-week (T16) after the end of LGG treatment, number of days without rescue medications, changes in Infant Dermatitis Quality Of Life questionnaire (IDQOL), gut microbiome structure and function, and skin microbiome structure. RESULTS The rate of subjects achieving MCID at T12 and at T16 was higher in Group B (p < .05), and remained higher at T16 (p < .05)The number of days without rescue medications was higher in Group B. IDQOL improved at T12 in the Group B (p < .05). A beneficial modulation of gut and skin microbiome was observed only in Group B patients. CONCLUSIONS The probiotic LGG could be useful as adjunctive therapy in pediatric AD. The beneficial effects on disease severity and quality of life paralleled with a beneficial modulation of gut and skin microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carucci
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Nocerino
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorella Paparo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca De Filippis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Coppola
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Giglio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Tommaso Cozzolino
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Valentino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sequino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bedogni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Internal Medicine, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo Ercolini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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12
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Łoniewski I, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Stachowska L, Fraszczyk-Tousty M, Tousty P, Łoniewska B. Breastfeeding Affects Concentration of Faecal Short Chain Fatty Acids During the First Year of Life: Results of the Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:939194. [PMID: 35898706 PMCID: PMC9310010 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.939194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are important metabolites of the gut microbiota. It has been shown that the microbiota and its metabolic activity in children are highly influenced by the type of diet and age. Our aim was to analyse the concentration of fecal SCFAs over two years of life and to evaluate the influence of feeding method on the content of these compounds in feces. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE/Embase/Ebsco/Cinahl/Web of Science from the database inception to 02/23/2021 without language restriction for observational studies that included an analysis of the concentration of fecal SCFAs in healthy children up to 3 years of age. The primary outcome measures-mean concentrations-were calculated. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis of outcomes for which ≥2 studies provided data. A subgroup analysis was related to the type of feeding (breast milk vs. formula vs. mixed feeding) and the time of analysis (time after birth). The initial search yielded 536 hits. We reviewed 79 full-text articles and finally included 41 studies (n = 2,457 SCFA analyses) in the meta-analysis. We found that concentrations of propionate and butyrate differed significantly in breastfed infants with respect to time after birth. In infants artificially fed up to 1 month of age, the concentration of propionic acid, butyric acid, and all other SCFAs is higher, and acetic acid is lower. At 1–3 months of age, a higher concentration of only propionic acid was observed. At the age of 3–6 months, artificial feeding leads to a higher concentration of butyric acid and the sum of SCFAs. We concluded that the type of feeding influences the content of SCFAs in feces in the first months of life. However, there is a need for long-term evaluation of the impact of the observed differences on health later in life and for standardization of analytical methods and procedures for the study of SCFAs in young children. These data will be of great help to other researchers in analyzing the relationships between fecal SCFAs and various physiologic and pathologic conditions in early life and possibly their impact on health in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Łoniewski
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
| | - Laura Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Tousty
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Beata Łoniewska
- Department of Neonatal Diseases, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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13
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Súkeníková L, Černý V, Věcek J, Petrásková P, Novotná O, Vobruba Š, Michalčíková T, Procházka J, Kolářová L, Prokešová L, Hrdý J. The Impact of Escherichia coli Probiotic Strain O83:K24:H31 on the Maturation of Dendritic Cells and Immunoregulatory Functions In Vitro and In Vivo. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101624. [PMID: 35626660 PMCID: PMC9140140 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Early postnatal events are important for the development of the neonatal immune system. Harboring the pioneering microorganisms forming the microbiota of the neonatal gastrointestinal tract is important for priming the immune system, as well as inducing appropriate tolerance to the relatively innocuous environmental antigens and compounds of normal healthy microbiota. Early postnatal supplementation of suitable, safe probiotics could accelerate this process. In the current study, the immunomodulatory capacity of the probiotic strain of Escherichia coli O83:K24:H31 (EcO83) was characterized in vitro and in vivo. We compared the capacity of EcO83 with and without hemolytic activity on selected immune characteristics in vitro as determined by flow cytometry and quantitative real-time PCR. Both strains with and without hemolytic activity exerted comparable capacity on the maturation of dendritic cells while preserving the induction of interleukin 10 (Il10) expression in dendritic cells and T cells cocultured with EcO83 primed dendritic cells. Early postnatal supplementation with EcO83 led to massive but transient colonization of the neonatal gastrointestinal tract, as detected by in vivo bioimaging. Early postnatal EcO83 administration promoted gut barrier function by increasing the expression of claudin and occludin and the expression of Il10. Early postnatal EcO83 application promotes maturation of the neonatal immune system and promotes immunoregulatory and gut barrier functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Súkeníková
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (V.Č.); (J.V.); (P.P.); (O.N.); (L.K.); (L.P.)
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Černý
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (V.Č.); (J.V.); (P.P.); (O.N.); (L.K.); (L.P.)
| | - Jan Věcek
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (V.Č.); (J.V.); (P.P.); (O.N.); (L.K.); (L.P.)
| | - Petra Petrásková
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (V.Č.); (J.V.); (P.P.); (O.N.); (L.K.); (L.P.)
| | - Olga Novotná
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (V.Č.); (J.V.); (P.P.); (O.N.); (L.K.); (L.P.)
| | - Šimon Vobruba
- Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Tereza Michalčíková
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; (T.M.); (J.P.)
| | - Jan Procházka
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; (T.M.); (J.P.)
| | - Libuše Kolářová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (V.Č.); (J.V.); (P.P.); (O.N.); (L.K.); (L.P.)
| | - Ludmila Prokešová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (V.Č.); (J.V.); (P.P.); (O.N.); (L.K.); (L.P.)
| | - Jiří Hrdý
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.S.); (V.Č.); (J.V.); (P.P.); (O.N.); (L.K.); (L.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-224968473
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14
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Cheng HY, Chan JCY, Yap GC, Huang CH, Kioh DYQ, Tham EH, Loo EXL, Shek LPC, Karnani N, Goh A, Van Bever HPS, Teoh OH, Chan YH, Lay C, Knol J, Yap F, Tan KH, Chong YS, Godfrey KM, Chan ECY, Lee BW, Ta LDH. Evaluation of Stool Short Chain Fatty Acids Profiles in the First Year of Life With Childhood Atopy-Related Outcomes. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:873168. [PMID: 35769572 PMCID: PMC9234937 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.873168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main intestinal intermediate and end products of metabolism of dietary fibers/polyphenols by the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological implication of stool SCFA profiles determined in the first year of life on the clinical presentation of allergic outcomes in childhood. Methods From the Growing Up in Singapore Toward healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort, a sub-cohort of 75 participants was recruited. Scheduled questionnaire data was collected for cumulative prevalence of physician-diagnosed eczema, wheezing with the use of nebuliser, and allergen sensitization till the age of 8 years. Stool samples collected at week 3 and months 3, 6 and 12 were quantitated for 9 SCFAs using LC/MS/MS. SCFA data were grouped into lower (below the 25th) and higher (above the 75th percentiles) categories. Generalized Linear Mixed Models was employed to analyse longitudinal association between SCFAs and atopy-related outcomes. Results Children with lower stool butyric acid levels (≤25th percentile) over the first 3 time points had higher odds ratio (OR) for wheezing (adjOR = 14.6), eczema (adjOR = 13.2), food sensitization (adjOR = 12.3) and combined outcomes of both wheezing and eczema (adjOR = 22.6) till age 8 years, compared to those with higher levels (≥75 percentile). Additionally, lower longitudinal levels of propionic acid (≤25th percentile) over 4 time points in first year of life was associated with recurrent wheezing (≥2 episodes) till 8 years (adjOR = 7.4) (adj p < 0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that relatively low levels of gut SCFAs in early life are associated with increased susceptibility to atopic-related outcomes in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin Yue Cheng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - James Chun Yip Chan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, ASTAR, Singapore, Singapore
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gaik Chin Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiung-Hui Huang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dorinda Yan Qin Kioh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette P. C. Shek
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anne Goh
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hugo P. S. Van Bever
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Oon Hoe Teoh
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christophe Lay
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Danone Nutricia Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jan Knol
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Chun Yong Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bee Wah Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Le Duc Huy Ta
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Le Duc Huy Ta
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15
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Coppola S, Avagliano C, Sacchi A, Laneri S, Calignano A, Voto L, Luzzetti A, Berni Canani R. Potential Clinical Applications of the Postbiotic Butyrate in Human Skin Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:1849. [PMID: 35335213 PMCID: PMC8949901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human skin is the largest organ and the most external interface between the environment and the body. Vast communities of viruses, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and mites, collectively named the skin microbiome (SM), cover the skin surface and connected structures. Skin-resident microorganisms contribute to the establishment of cutaneous homeostasis and can modulate host inflammatory responses. Imbalances in the SM structure and function (dysbiosis) are associated with several skin conditions. Therefore, novel target for the skincare field could be represented by strategies, which restore or preserve the SM natural/individual balance. Several of the beneficial effects exerted by the SM are aroused by the microbial metabolite butyrate. Since butyrate exerts a pivotal role in preserving skin health, it could be used as a postbiotic strategy for preventing or treating skin diseases. Herein, we describe and share perspectives of the potential clinical applications of therapeutic strategies using the postbiotic butyrate against human skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Coppola
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (L.V.); (A.L.)
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Avagliano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.A.); (A.S.); (S.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonia Sacchi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.A.); (A.S.); (S.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Sonia Laneri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.A.); (A.S.); (S.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonio Calignano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.A.); (A.S.); (S.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Luana Voto
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (L.V.); (A.L.)
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Luzzetti
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (L.V.); (A.L.)
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (L.V.); (A.L.)
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Hamamah S, Aghazarian A, Nazaryan A, Hajnal A, Covasa M. Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Regulating Dopaminergic Signaling. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020436. [PMID: 35203645 PMCID: PMC8962300 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a critical role both peripherally and centrally in vital functions such as cognition, reward, satiety, voluntary motor movements, pleasure, and motivation. Optimal dopamine bioavailability is essential for normal brain functioning and protection against the development of neurological diseases. Emerging evidence shows that gut microbiota have significant roles in maintaining adequate concentrations of dopamine via intricate, bidirectional communication known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The vagus nerve, immune system, hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis, and microbial metabolites serve as important mediators of the reciprocal microbiota-gut-brain signaling. Furthermore, gut microbiota contain intrinsic enzymatic activity that is highly involved in dopamine metabolism, facilitating dopamine synthesis as well as its metabolite breakdown. This review examines the relationship between key genera of gut microbiota such as Prevotella, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Enterococcus, and Ruminococcus and their effects on dopamine. The effects of gut dysbiosis on dopamine bioavailability and the subsequent impact on dopamine-related pathological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease are also discussed. Understanding the role of gut microbiota in modulating dopamine activity and bioavailability both in the periphery and in the central nervous system can help identify new therapeutic targets as well as optimize available methods to prevent, delay, or restore dopaminergic deficits in neurologic and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevag Hamamah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.N.)
| | - Armin Aghazarian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.N.)
| | - Anthony Nazaryan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.N.)
| | - Andras Hajnal
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.N.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 7200229 Suceava, Romania
- Correspondence:
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Wang LC, Huang YM, Lu C, Chiang BL, Shen YR, Huang HY, Lee CC, Su NW, Lin BF. Lower caprylate and acetate levels in the breast milk is associated with atopic dermatitis in infancy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13744. [PMID: 35212041 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) occurs in exclusively breastfed infants. As fatty acids have some immunomodulatory effect, we aimed to investigate the influence of fatty acid compositions in breast milk (BM) on the development of AD in exclusively breastfed infants. METHODS We enrolled two- to four-month-old exclusively breastfed infants. The objective SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (objSCORAD) was evaluated. The lipid layer of BM was analyzed by gas chromatography for fatty acid levels. Medical charts were reviewed. RESULTS Forty-seven AD infants and 47 healthy controls were enrolled. The objSCORAD was 20.5 ± 1.7 (shown as mean ± SEM) in the AD group. The age, sex, parental atopy history, and nutrient intake of mothers were not significantly different between two groups. The palmitate and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) levels in BM positively correlated with objSCORAD, while caprylate, acetate, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels negatively correlated with objSCORAD (p = .031, .019, .039, .013, .022, respectively). However, the butyrate levels in BM were not significantly different. The caprylate and acetate levels in BM were significantly associated with the presence of infantile AD (p = .021 and .015, respectively) after adjusting for age, sex, parental allergy history, MUFA, palmitate, and SCFA levels in BM. ObjSCORAD in infancy was significantly associated with persistent AD (p = .026) after adjusting for age, sex, parental atopy history, caprylate, palmitate, MUFA, acetate, and SCFA levels in BM. CONCLUSION Caprylate and acetate levels in BM for exclusively breastfed infants were negatively associated with objSCORAD. Lower caprylate and acetate in BM might be the risk factors for infantile AD, while butyrate in BM was not associated with infantile AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chieh Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ming Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Chieh Lu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Rou Shen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Yi Huang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Wei Su
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Fong Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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Nogacka AM, Arboleya S, Nikpoor N, Auger J, Salazar N, Cuesta I, Alvarez-Buylla JR, Mantecón L, Solís G, Gueimonde M, Tompkins TA, de los Reyes-Gavilán CG. In Vitro Probiotic Modulation of the Intestinal Microbiota and 2′Fucosyllactose Consumption in Fecal Cultures from Infants at Two Months of Age. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020318. [PMID: 35208773 PMCID: PMC8876326 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
2′-fucosyllactose (2′FL) is one of the most abundant oligosaccharides in human milk, with benefits on neonatal health. Previous results point to the inability of the fecal microbiota from some infants to ferment 2′FL. We evaluated a probiotic formulation, including the strains Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell®-52 (R0052), Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Rosell®-33 (R0033), and Bifidobacterium bifidum Rosell®-71 (R0071), individually or in an 80:10:10 combination on the microbiota and 2′FL degradation. Independent batch fermentations were performed with feces from six full-term infant donors of two months of age (three breastfed and three formula-fed) with added probiotic formulation or the constituent strains in the presence of 2′FL. Microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Gas accumulation, pH decrease and 2′FL consumption, and levels of different metabolites were determined by chromatography. B. bifidum R0071 was the sole microorganism promoting a partial increase of 2′FL degradation during fermentation in fecal cultures of 2′FL slow-degrading donors. However, major changes in microbiota composition and metabolic activity occurred with L. helveticus R0052 or the probiotic formulation in cultures of slow degraders. Further studies are needed to decipher the role of the host intestinal microbiota in the efficacy of these strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja M. Nogacka
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; (S.A.); (N.S.); (I.C.); (J.R.A.-B.); (M.G.)
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; (L.M.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.N.); (C.G.d.l.R.-G.); Tel.: +34-985-89-21-31 (A.M.N.)
| | - Silvia Arboleya
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; (S.A.); (N.S.); (I.C.); (J.R.A.-B.); (M.G.)
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; (L.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Naghmeh Nikpoor
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (N.N.); (J.A.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Jeremie Auger
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (N.N.); (J.A.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Nuria Salazar
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; (S.A.); (N.S.); (I.C.); (J.R.A.-B.); (M.G.)
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; (L.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Isabel Cuesta
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; (S.A.); (N.S.); (I.C.); (J.R.A.-B.); (M.G.)
| | - Jorge R. Alvarez-Buylla
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; (S.A.); (N.S.); (I.C.); (J.R.A.-B.); (M.G.)
| | - Laura Mantecón
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; (L.M.); (G.S.)
- Pediatrics Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA-SESPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Solís
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; (L.M.); (G.S.)
- Pediatrics Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA-SESPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Miguel Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; (S.A.); (N.S.); (I.C.); (J.R.A.-B.); (M.G.)
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; (L.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Thomas A. Tompkins
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (N.N.); (J.A.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Clara G. de los Reyes-Gavilán
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; (S.A.); (N.S.); (I.C.); (J.R.A.-B.); (M.G.)
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; (L.M.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.N.); (C.G.d.l.R.-G.); Tel.: +34-985-89-21-31 (A.M.N.)
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19
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Biological Effects of Indole-3-Propionic Acid, a Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolite, and Its Precursor Tryptophan in Mammals' Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031222. [PMID: 35163143 PMCID: PMC8835432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Actions of symbiotic gut microbiota are in dynamic balance with the host’s organism to maintain homeostasis. Many different factors have an impact on this relationship, including bacterial metabolites. Several substrates for their synthesis have been established, including tryptophan, an exogenous amino acid. Many biological processes are influenced by the action of tryptophan and its endogenous metabolites, serotonin, and melatonin. Recent research findings also provide evidence that gut bacteria-derived metabolites of tryptophan share the biological effects of their precursor. Thus, this review aims to investigate the biological actions of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite of tryptophan. We searched PUBMED and Google Scholar databases to identify pre-clinical and clinical studies evaluating the impact of IPA on the health and pathophysiology of the immune, nervous, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular system in mammals. IPA exhibits a similar impact on the energetic balance and cardiovascular system to its precursor, tryptophan. Additionally, IPA has a positive impact on a cellular level, by preventing oxidative stress injury, lipoperoxidation and inhibiting synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. Its synthesis can be diminished in the presence of different risk factors of atherosclerosis. On the other hand, protective factors, such as the introduction of a Mediterranean diet, tend to increase its plasma concentration. IPA seems to be a promising new target, linking gut health with the cardiovascular system.
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20
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Zhao H, Zhou J, Lu H, Xi A, Luo M, Wang K, Lv H, Wang H, Wang P, Miao J, Xu Z. Azithromycin pretreatment exacerbates atopic dermatitis in trimellitic anhydride-induced model mice accompanied by correlated changes in the gut microbiota and serum cytokines. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 102:108388. [PMID: 34819259 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease. This study aims to investigate the effect of azithromycin (AZI) pretreatment, a common macrolide-type antibiotic, on the trimellitic anhydride (TMA) induced AD-like symptoms in mice. AZI (25 mg/kg, once daily, 5 days) was administered intragastrically before the 10-day TMA challenge. AD-like symptoms were assessed by ear thickening, scratching behavior, and pathological or immunofluorescence staining; Cytokines in the skin tissue and serum were measured by cytometric bead array; and the compositions of gut microbiota were assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. AZI pretreatment accelerated the development of ear thickening and enhanced the severity of developed AD-like symptoms. AZI pretreatment promoted the infiltrations of neutrophil-like cells, T cells, and mast cells in ear skin. AZI pretreatment elevated the levels of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-17A in the ear skin of AD model mice, but it increased serum TNF-α and IL-6. AZI-pretreatment increased four gut bacterial genera (Bacteroides, Candidatus_Saccharibacteria_unclassified, Acetatifactor, Firmicutes_unclassified) but depleted three short-chain fatty acids producing gut bacterial genera (Alistipes, Clostridiales_unclassified, Butyricicoccus). AD-associated symptoms were positively associated with skin IL-4 and IL-17A, serum TNF-α, and IL-6, and Acetatifactor, but they negatively correlated to the three decreased gut bacterial genera (Alistipes, Clostridiales_unclassified, Butyricicoccus). Thus, our results demonstrate that AZI exposure deteriorates TMA-induced AD-like symptoms in mice, which is related to the imbalances of gut microbiota and skin/serum cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haimei Lu
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anran Xi
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengxian Luo
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keer Wang
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongjie Lv
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhenghao Xu
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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21
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Zhao Y, Qi C, Li X, Lu M, Zhang H, Zhou J, Dang H, Chen J, Li S, Sun J, Yu R, Li D. Prevention of Atopic Dermatitis in Mice by Lactobacillus Reuteri Fn041 Through Induction of Regulatory T Cells and Modulation of the Gut Microbiota. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100699. [PMID: 34825773 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The development of atopic dermatitis (AD) in infants is closely related to the lagging development of intestinal microbiota, including that inoculated by breast milk bacteria, and immune development. Lactobacillus reuteri Fn041 is a secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) -coated bacterium derived from human milk. METHODS AND RESULTS We intervened with L. reuteri Fn041 in maternal and offspring BALB/C mice during late gestation and lactation and after weaning of the pups, respectively. AD was then induced with MC903. L. reuteri Fn041 significantly suppressed AD symptoms such as skin swelling, mast cell and eosinophil infiltration. This effect was attributed to the regulation of the systemic Th1 and Th2 cytokine ratios and the promotion of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cell proliferation in mesenteric lymph nodes. It is also associated with the regulation of intestinal microbiota, particularly promoting Lactobacillus and Akkermansia. CONCLUSIONS Our study strengthens the understanding that breast milk-derived sIgA coated potential probiotics are involved in the development of infant intestinal microbiota, thus promoting immune development and preventing allergic diseases, and expanding the knowledge of breast milk sIgA and bacterial interactions on infant immune development. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhao
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ce Qi
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mengyao Lu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haowen Zhang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jingbo Zhou
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hongyang Dang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology Nephrology and Rheumatism, The Affiliated, Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shuangqi Li
- Guangzhou Fine Nutrition Research Center, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Renqiang Yu
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
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22
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Bervoets L, Ippel JH, Smolinska A, van Best N, Savelkoul PHM, Mommers MAH, Penders J. Practical and Robust NMR-Based Metabolic Phenotyping of Gut Health in Early Life. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:5079-5087. [PMID: 34587745 PMCID: PMC8576838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While substantial efforts have been made to optimize and standardize fecal metabolomics for studies in adults, the development of a standard protocol to analyze infant feces is, however, still lagging behind. Here, we present the development of a hands-on and robust protocol for proton 1H NMR spectroscopy of infant feces. The influence of extraction solvent, dilution ratio, homogenization method, filtration, and duration of centrifugation on the biochemical composition of infant feces was carefully evaluated using visual inspection of 1H NMR spectra in combination with multivariate statistical modeling. The optimal metabolomics protocol was subsequently applied on feces from seven infants collected at 8 weeks, 4, and 9 months of age. Interindividual variation was exceeding the variation induced by different fecal sample preparation methods, except for filtration. We recommend extracting fecal samples using water with a dilution ratio of 1:5 feces-to-water to homogenize using bead beating and to remove particulates using centrifugation. Samples collected from infants aged 8 weeks and 4 months showed elevated concentrations of milk oligosaccharide derivatives and lactic acid, whereas short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) were higher in the 9 month samples. The established protocol enables hands-on and robust analyses of the infant gut metabolome. The wide-ranging application of this protocol will facilitate interlaboratory comparison of infants' metabolic profiles and finally aid in a better understanding of infant gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liene Bervoets
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H Ippel
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Agnieszka Smolinska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Niels van Best
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul H M Savelkoul
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Control, VUMC, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique A H Mommers
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - John Penders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
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23
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Kang CM, Chiang BL, Wang LC. Maternal Nutritional Status and Development of Atopic Dermatitis in Their Offspring. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2021; 61:128-155. [PMID: 32157654 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-020-08780-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the leading chronic skin inflammatory disease and the initial manifestation of atopic march. Available evidence supports the notion that primary prevention early in life leads to a decreased incidence of AD, thus possibly decreasing the subsequent occurrence of atopic march. Nutritional status is essential to a proper functioning immune system and is valued for its important role in AD. Essential nutrients, which include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals, are transferred from the mother to the fetus through the placenta during gestation. Various nutrients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and vitamin D, were studied in relation to maternal status and offspring allergy. However, no strong evidence indicates that a single nutrient or food in mothers' diet significantly affects the risk of childhood AD. In the light of current evidence, mothers should not either increase nor avoid consuming these nutrients to prevent or ameliorate allergic diseases in their offspring. Each essential nutrient has an important role in fetal development, and current government recommendations suggest specific intake amounts for pregnant women. This review discusses evidence on how various nutrients, including lipids (monounsaturated fatty acids, PUFAs, saturated fatty acids, and short-chain fatty acids), carbohydrates (oligosaccharides and polysaccharides), proteins, vitamins (A, B, C, D, and E), and trace minerals (magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, selenium, and strontium) in maternal status are associated with the development of AD and their possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Min Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chieh Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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24
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Varsha KK, Maheshwari AP, Nampoothiri KM. Accomplishment of probiotics in human health pertaining to immunoregulation and disease control. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 44:26-37. [PMID: 34330476 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It is a well-established fact that the microbiome harboring the human body plays a critical role in maintaining human health and can influence treatments against various ailments. Human microbiome-based research contemplates the possibility of selecting and administering specific commensal bacterial strains to modulate the gut microbiota to attain favorable outcomes to the therapies. Consumption of probiotics and probiotic-based dietary supplements as functional foods has been a promising treatment strategy against various diseases. Clinical studies demonstrate that probiotic administration alters gut microbiota composition and instigates immune modulation in the host. The benefits of probiotics are reported to be strain-specific and depend on the host's baseline immune competence. This review explores the role of probiotics in alleviating symptoms of allergy, cancer, cardio vascular (CV) diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM), bowel diseases (IBD and IBS), periodontal disease, diseases affecting liver and kidney, neuroinflammatory diseases, and viral infections. Also, it surveyed the broad spectrum bioactive compounds produced by probiotics and possible mechanisms that trigger the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kontham Kulangara Varsha
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division (MPTD), CSIR- National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Arun Padmakumar Maheshwari
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division (MPTD), CSIR- National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Kesavan Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division (MPTD), CSIR- National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India.
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25
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Kim JH, Kim K, Kim W. Gut microbiota restoration through fecal microbiota transplantation: a new atopic dermatitis therapy. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:907-916. [PMID: 34017060 PMCID: PMC8178377 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00627-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) involves complex factors, including gut microbiota and immune modulation, which remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to restore gut microbiota via fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to ameliorate AD in mice. FMT was performed using stool from donor mice. The gut microbiota was characterized via 16S rRNA sequencing and analyzed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology 2 with the DADA2 plugin. Gut metabolite levels were determined by measuring fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents. AD-induced allergic responses were evaluated by analyzing blood parameters (IgE levels and eosinophil percentage, eosinophil count, basophil percentage, and monocyte percentage), the levels of Th1 and Th2 cytokines, dermatitis score, and the number of mast cells in the ileum and skin tissues. Calprotectin level was measured to assess gut inflammation after FMT. FMT resulted in the restoration of gut microbiota to the donor state and increases in the levels of SCFAs as gut metabolites. In addition, FMT restored the Th1/Th2 balance, modulated Tregs through gut microbiota, and reduced IgE levels and the numbers of mast cells, eosinophils, and basophils. FMT is associated with restoration of gut microbiota and immunologic balance (Th1/Th2) along with suppression of AD-induced allergic responses and is thus a potential new therapy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hwa Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kiyoung Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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26
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The Infant Microbiome and Its Impact on Development of Food Allergy. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2021; 41:285-299. [PMID: 33863484 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of food allergy (FA) has been increasing over the past few decades; recent statistics suggest that FA has an impact on up to 10% of the population and 8% of children. Although the pathogenesis of FA is unclear, studies suggest gut microbiome plays a role in the development of FA. The gut microbiome is influenced by infant feeding method, infant diet, and maternal diet during lactation. Breastfeeding, Mediterranean diet, and probiotics are associated with commensal gut microbiota that protect against FA. This area of research is essential to discovering potential preventive methods or therapeutic targets against FA.
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Kiousi DE, Rathosi M, Tsifintaris M, Chondrou P, Galanis A. Pro-biomics: Omics Technologies To Unravel the Role of Probiotics in Health and Disease. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1802-1820. [PMID: 33626128 PMCID: PMC8483974 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The comprehensive characterization of probiotic action has flourished during the past few decades, alongside the evolution of high-throughput, multiomics platforms. The integration of these platforms into probiotic animal and human studies has provided valuable insights into the holistic effects of probiotic supplementation on intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Indeed, these methodologies have informed about global molecular changes induced in the host and residing commensals at multiple levels, providing a bulk of metagenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data. The meaningful interpretation of generated data remains a challenge; however, the maturation of the field of systems biology and artificial intelligence has supported analysis of results. In this review article, we present current literature on the use of multiomics approaches in probiotic studies, we discuss current trends in probiotic research, and examine the possibility of tailor-made probiotic supplementation. Lastly, we delve deeper into newer technologies that have been developed in the last few years, such as single-cell multiomics analyses, and provide future directions for the maximization of probiotic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Eugenia Kiousi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Marina Rathosi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Margaritis Tsifintaris
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Pelagia Chondrou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Ta LDH, Chan JCY, Yap GC, Purbojati RW, Drautz-Moses DI, Koh YM, Tay CJX, Huang CH, Kioh DYQ, Woon JY, Tham EH, Loo EXL, Shek LP, Karnani N, Goh A, Van Bever HP, Teoh OH, Chan YH, Lay C, Knol J, Yap F, Tan KH, Chong YS, Godfrey KM, Kjelleberg S, Schuster SC, Chan ECY, Lee BW. A compromised developmental trajectory of the infant gut microbiome and metabolome in atopic eczema. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1-22. [PMID: 33023370 PMCID: PMC7553750 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1801964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that the establishment of the gut microbiome in early life influences the development of atopic eczema. In this longitudinal study, we used integrated multi-omics analyses to infer functional mechanisms by which the microbiome modulates atopic eczema risk. We measured the functionality of the gut microbiome and metabolome of 63 infants between ages 3 weeks and 12 months with well-defined eczema cases and controls in a sub-cohort from the Growing Up in Singapore Toward healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) mother-offspring cohort. At 3 weeks, the microbiome and metabolome of allergen-sensitized atopic eczema infants were characterized by an enrichment of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, associated with increased stool D-glucose concentration and increased gene expression of associated virulence factors. A delayed colonization by beneficial Bacteroides fragilis and subsequent delayed accumulation of butyrate and propionate producers after 3 months was also observed. Here, we describe an aberrant developmental trajectory of the gut microbiome and stool metabolome in allergen sensitized atopic eczema infants. The infographic describes an impaired developmental trajectory of the gut microbiome and metabolome in allergen-sensitized atopic eczema (AE) infants and infer its contribution in modulating allergy risk in the Singaporean mother-offspring GUSTO cohort. The key microbial signature of AE is characterized by (1) an enrichment of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae which are associated with accumulation of pre-glycolysis intermediates (D-glucose) via the trehalose metabolic pathway, increased gene expression of associated virulence factors (invasin, adhesin, flagellin and lipopolysaccharides) by utilizing ATP from oxidative phosphorylation and delayed production of butyrate and propionate, (2) depletion of Bacteroides fragilis which resulted in lower expression of immunostimulatory bacterial cell envelope structure and folate (vitamin B9) biosynthesis pathway, and (3) accompanied depletion of bacterial groups with the ability to derive butyrate and propionate through direct or indirect pathways which collectively resulted in reduced glycolysis, butyrate and propionate biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Duc Huy Ta
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - James Chun Yip Chan
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore,Innovations in Food & Chemical Safety Programme, A*STAR
| | - Gaik Chin Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rikky W. Purbojati
- Singapore Centre For Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Daniela I. Drautz-Moses
- Singapore Centre For Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Yanqing Michelle Koh
- Singapore Centre For Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Carina Jing Xuan Tay
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiung-Hui Huang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dorinda Yan Qin Kioh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Yun Woon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette P.C. Shek
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anne Goh
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Hugo P.S. Van Bever
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Oon Hoe Teoh
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christophe Lay
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Danone Nutricia Research, Singapore
| | - Jan Knol
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Staffan Kjelleberg
- Singapore Centre For Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Stephan C. Schuster
- Singapore Centre For Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Eric Chun Yong Chan
- Innovations in Food & Chemical Safety Programme, A*STAR,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore,Eric Chun Yong Chan Department of Paediatrics, National University of Singapore (NUS) Tahir Foundation Building (MD1), Level 15, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, Singapore 117549
| | - Bee Wah Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,CONTACT Bee Wah Lee
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Cervantes-García D, Jiménez M, Rivas-Santiago CE, Gallegos-Alcalá P, Hernández-Mercado A, Santoyo-Payán LS, Loera-Arias MDJ, Saucedo-Cardenas O, Montes de Oca-Luna R, Salinas E. Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 Prevents Asthmatic Airway Inflammation and Remodelling in Rats through the Improvement of Intestinal Barrier Function and Systemic TGF-β Production. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2020; 182:277-291. [PMID: 33147596 DOI: 10.1159/000511146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of probiotics has been broadly popularized due to positive effects in the attenuation of aberrant immune responses such as asthma. Allergic asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation and remodelling. OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 on asthmatic airway inflammation and lung tissue remodelling in rats and its relation to the maintenance of an adequate intestinal barrier. METHODS Wistar rats were ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized and challenged and orally treated with L. lactis. Lung inflammatory infiltrates and cytokines were measured, and remodelling was evaluated. Serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels were assessed. We also evaluated changes on intestinal environment and on systemic immune response. RESULTS L. lactis diminished the infiltration of proinflammatory leucocytes, mainly eosinophils, in the bronchoalveolar compartment, decreased lung IL-4 and IL-5 expression, and reduced the level of serum allergen-specific IgE. Furthermore, L. lactis prevented eosinophil influx, collagen deposition, and goblet cell hyperplasia in lung tissue. In the intestine, L. lactis-treated asthmatic rats increased Peyer's patch and goblet cell quantity and mRNA expression of IgA, MUC-2, and claudin. Additionally, intestinal morphological alterations were normalized by L. lactis administration. Splenocyte proliferative response to OVA was abolished, and serum levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were increased by L. lactis treatment. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that L. lactis is a potential candidate for asthma prevention, and the effect is mediated by the improvement of intestinal barrier function and systemic TGF-β production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cervantes-García
- National Council of Science and Technology, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Microbiology, Center of Basic Sciences, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Mariela Jiménez
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Basic Sciences, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - César E Rivas-Santiago
- National Council of Science and Technology, Mexico City, Mexico.,Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Pamela Gallegos-Alcalá
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Basic Sciences, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Alicia Hernández-Mercado
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Basic Sciences, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Leslie S Santoyo-Payán
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Basic Sciences, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | | | - Odila Saucedo-Cardenas
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Eva Salinas
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Basic Sciences, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico,
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Park YM, Lee SY, Kang MJ, Kim BS, Lee MJ, Jung SS, Yoon JS, Cho HJ, Lee E, Yang SI, Seo JH, Kim HB, Suh DI, Shin YH, Kim KW, Ahn K, Hong SJ. Imbalance of Gut Streptococcus, Clostridium, and Akkermansia Determines the Natural Course of Atopic Dermatitis in Infant. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2020; 12:322-337. [PMID: 32009325 PMCID: PMC6997289 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2020.12.2.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The roles of gut microbiota on the natural course of atopic dermatitis (AD) are not yet fully understood. We investigated whether the composition and function of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) at 6 months of age could affect the natural course of AD up to 24 months in early childhood. Methods Fecal samples from 132 infants were analyzed using pyrosequencing, including 84 healthy controls, 22 transient AD and 26 persistent AD subjects from the Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and Allergic Diseases (COCOA) birth cohort. The functional profile of the gut microbiome was analyzed by whole-metagenome sequencing. SCFAs were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results Low levels of Streptococcus and high amounts of Akkermansia were evident in transient AD cases, and low Clostridium, Akkermansia and high Streptococcus were found in children with persistent AD. The relative abundance of Streptococcus positively correlated with scoring of AD (SCORAD) score, whereas that of Clostridium negatively correlated with SCORAD score. The persistent AD group showed decreased gut microbial functional genes related to oxidative phosphorylation compared with healthy controls. Butyrate and valerate levels were lower in transient AD infants compared with healthy and persistent AD infants. Conclusions Compositions, functions and metabolites of the early gut microbiome are related to natural courses of AD in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Mee Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jin Kang
- Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong Soo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Min Jung Lee
- Department of Life Science, Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung Su Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ji Sun Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Mediplex Sejong Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Song I Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Dankuk University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyo Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong In Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kangmo Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Gazerani P. Probiotics for Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4121. [PMID: 31450864 PMCID: PMC6747430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurological disorder classically characterized by impairments in motor system function associated with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. After almost 200 years since the first description of PD by James Parkinson, unraveling the complexity of PD continues to evolve. It is now recognized that an interplay between genetic and environmental factors influences a diverse range of cellular processes, reflecting on other clinical features including non-motor symptoms. This has consequently highlighted the extensive value of early clinical diagnosis to reduce difficulties of later stage management of PD. Advancement in understanding of PD has made remarkable progress in introducing new tools and strategies such as stem cell therapy and deep brain stimulation. A link between alterations in gut microbiota and PD has also opened a new line. Evidence exists of a bidirectional pathway between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics are being examined that might influence gut-brain axis by altering gut microbiota composition, enteric nervous system, and CNS. This review provides status on use of probiotics for PD. Limitations and future directions will also be addressed to promote further research considering use of probiotics for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Gazerani
- Biomedicine: Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University,Frederik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220 Aalborg East, Denmark.
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Soluble fibre supplementation with and without a probiotic in adults with asthma: A 7-day randomised, double blind, three way cross-over trial. EBioMedicine 2019; 46:473-485. [PMID: 31375426 PMCID: PMC6712277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Soluble fibre modulates airway inflammation in animal models. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of soluble fibre supplementation, with and without a probiotic, on plasma short chain fatty acids (SCFA), airway inflammation, asthma control and gut microbiome in adults with asthma. Methods A randomised, double-blinded, placebo controlled 3-way cross-over trial in 17 subjects with stable asthma at the Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia. Subjects received 3 × 7 day oral interventions in random order; soluble fibre (inulin 12 g/day), soluble fibre + probiotic (inulin 12 g/day + multi-strain probiotic >25 billion CFU) and placebo. Plasma SCFA, sputum cell counts and inflammatory gene expression, asthma control gut microbiota, adverse events including gastrointestinal symptoms were measured. Findings There was no difference in change in total plasma SCFA levels (μmol/L) in the placebo versus soluble fibre (Δmedian [95% CI] 16·3 [−16·9, 49·5], p = 0·335) or soluble fibre+probiotic (18·7 [−14·5, 51·9], p = 0·325) group. Following the soluble fibre intervention there was an improvement in the asthma control questionnaire (ACQ6) (∆median (IQR) -0·35 (−0·5, −0·13), p = 0·006), sputum %eosinophils decreased (−1.0 (−2·5, 0), p = 0·006) and sputum histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) gene expression decreased (−0.49 (−0.83, −0.27) 2-ΔCt, p = .008). Individual bacterial operational taxonomic units changed following both inulin and inulin+probiotic arms. Interpretation Soluble fibre supplementation for 7 days in adults with asthma did not change SCFA levels. Within group analysis showed improvements in airway inflammation, asthma control and gut microbiome composition following inulin supplementation and these changes warrant further investigation, in order to evaluate the potential of soluble fibre as a non-pharmacological addition to asthma management. Fund John Hunter Hospital Charitable Trust.
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Roduit C, Frei R, Ferstl R, Loeliger S, Westermann P, Rhyner C, Schiavi E, Barcik W, Rodriguez‐Perez N, Wawrzyniak M, Chassard C, Lacroix C, Schmausser‐Hechfellner E, Depner M, Mutius E, Braun‐Fahrländer C, Karvonen AM, Kirjavainen PV, Pekkanen J, Dalphin J, Riedler J, Akdis C, Lauener R, O'Mahony L, Hyvärinen A, Remes S, Roponen M, Chauveau A, Dalphin ML, Kaulek V, Ege M, Genuneit J, Illi S, Kabesch M, Schaub B, Pfefferle P, Doekes G. High levels of butyrate and propionate in early life are associated with protection against atopy. Allergy 2019; 74:799-809. [PMID: 30390309 DOI: 10.1111/all.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary changes are suggested to play a role in the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases and asthma. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites present in certain foods and are produced by microbes in the gut following fermentation of fibers. SCFAs have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in animal models. Our objective was to investigate the potential role of SCFAs in the prevention of allergy and asthma. METHODS We analyzed SCFA levels by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in fecal samples from 301 one-year-old children from a birth cohort and examined their association with early life exposures, especially diet, and allergy and asthma later in life. Data on exposures and allergic diseases were collected by questionnaires. In addition, we treated mice with SCFAs to examine their effect on allergic airway inflammation. RESULTS Significant associations between the levels of SCFAs and the infant's diet were identified. Children with the highest levels of butyrate and propionate (≥95th percentile) in feces at the age of one year had significantly less atopic sensitization and were less likely to have asthma between 3 and 6 years. Children with the highest levels of butyrate were also less likely to have a reported diagnosis of food allergy or allergic rhinitis. Oral administration of SCFAs to mice significantly reduced the severity of allergic airway inflammation. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that strategies to increase SCFA levels could be a new dietary preventive option for allergic diseases in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Roduit
- University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Children's Hospital St Gallen St Gallen Switzerland
| | - Remo Frei
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Ruth Ferstl
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Susanne Loeliger
- University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - Patrick Westermann
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Claudio Rhyner
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Elisa Schiavi
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Weronika Barcik
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Noelia Rodriguez‐Perez
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Marcin Wawrzyniak
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | | | - Christophe Lacroix
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH‐Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Schmausser‐Hechfellner
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention Helmholtz Zentrum Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Munich Germany
| | - Martin Depner
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention Helmholtz Zentrum Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Munich Germany
| | - Erika Mutius
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention Helmholtz Zentrum Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health Munich Germany
- Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC‐M) Munich Germany
| | | | - Anne M. Karvonen
- Department of Health Security National Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
| | - Pirkka V. Kirjavainen
- Department of Health Security National Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security National Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
- Department of Public Health University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Jean‐Charles Dalphin
- Department of Respiratory Disease University of Besançon UMR/CNRS 6249 Chrono‐environment University Hospital Besançon France
| | | | - Cezmi Akdis
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Roger Lauener
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Children's Hospital St Gallen St Gallen Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology APC Microbiome Ireland National University of Ireland Cork Ireland
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Effects of diet on the childhood gut microbiome and its implications for atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:1636-1637.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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35
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Kim JH, Kim K, Kanjanasuntree R, Kim W. Kazachstania turicensis CAU Y1706 ameliorates atopic dermatitis by regulation of the gut-skin axis. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:2854-2862. [PMID: 30738679 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) causes chronic inflammatory skin disease that results in a considerable economic expense and social burden. Certain Lactobacillus strains ameliorate AD, but the effects of probiotic yeast on AD have not been investigated to date. In this study, we isolated Kazachstania turicensis CAU Y1706, commonly known as a kefir yeast, and evaluated its mitigating effects using an ovalbumin-sensitized AD mouse model. Overall, K. turicensis CAU Y1706 was generally effective against AD. Oral administration of K. turicensis CAU Y1706 suppressed T helper type 2 immune response factors by regulatory T cells and upregulation of T helper type 1 cytokine levels. Kazachstania turicensis CAU Y1706 also reduced IgE levels as well as the number of eosinophil and mast cells. Furthermore, feces from K. turicensis CAU Y1706-treated mice had more butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, and Akkermansia, although the level of Fecalibacterium was significantly reduced. Therefore, K. turicensis CAU Y1706 modulates immune responses as well as gut microbiota, thus indicating that it has potential for application as a supplement for alleviation of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hwa Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyoung Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Rungravee Kanjanasuntree
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Cream Cheese-Derived Lactococcus chungangensis CAU 28 Modulates the Gut Microbiota and Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis in BALB/c Mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:446. [PMID: 30679532 PMCID: PMC6345912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) has a drastic impact on human health owing to complex skin, gut microbiota, and immune responses. Some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are effective in ameliorating AD; however, the alleviative effects of dairy products derived from these LAB remain unclear. In this study, the efficacies of Lactococcus chungangensis CAU 28 (CAU 28) cream cheese and L. chungangensis CAU 28 dry cells were evaluated for treating AD in an AD mouse model. Overall, CAU 28 cream cheese administration was more effective against AD than L. chungangensis CAU 28 dry cells. Faeces from CAU 28 cream cheese-administered mice had increased short chain fatty acid, butyrate, acetate, and lactic acid levels, as well as butyrate-producing bacteria, including Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Ruminococcus. Furthermore, oral CAU 28 cream cheese administration resulted in regulatory T cell (Treg)-mediated suppression of T helper type 2 (Th2) immune responses in serum and mRNA expression levels in the ileum. Oral CAU 28 cream cheese further reduced IgE levels, in addition to eosinophil and mast cell numbers. Therefore, CAU 28 cream cheese administration induced a coordinated immune response involving short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota, indicating its potential for use as a supplement for AD mitigation.
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Plaza-Diaz J, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Gil-Campos M, Gil A. Mechanisms of Action of Probiotics. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:S49-S66. [PMID: 30721959 PMCID: PMC6363529 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 529] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are living microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts; however, dead bacteria and their components can also exhibit probiotic properties. Bifidobacterium and strains of lactic acid bacteria are the most widely used bacteria that exhibit probiotic properties and are included in many functional foods and dietary supplements. Probiotics have been shown to prevent and ameliorate the course of digestive disorders such as acute, nosocomial, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea; allergic disorders such as atopic dermatitis (eczema) and allergic rhinitis in infants; and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea and some inflammatory bowel disorders in adults. In addition, probiotics may be of interest as coadjuvants in the treatment of metabolic disorders, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanisms of action of probiotics, which are diverse, heterogeneous, and strain specific, have received little attention. Thus, the aim of the present work was to review the main mechanisms of action of probiotics, including colonization and normalization of perturbed intestinal microbial communities in children and adults; competitive exclusion of pathogens and bacteriocin production; modulation of fecal enzymatic activities associated with the metabolization of biliary salts and inactivation of carcinogens and other xenobiotics; production of short-chain and branched-chain fatty acids, which, in turn, have wide effects not only in the intestine but also in peripheral tissues via interactions with short-chain fatty acid receptors, modulating mainly tissue insulin sensitivity; cell adhesion and mucin production; modulation of the immune system, which results mainly in the differentiation of T-regulatory cells and upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, i.e., interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor; and interaction with the brain-gut axis by regulation of endocrine and neurologic functions. Further research to elucidate the precise molecular mechanisms of action of probiotics is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Plaza-Diaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix,” Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix,” Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Research and Metabolism Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix,” Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Yang YJ, Ni YH. Gut microbiota and pediatric obesity/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 118 Suppl 1:S55-S61. [PMID: 30509561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Huge amount microorganisms resides in human intestine, and many contribute to the maturation and homeostasis of immune system. The diversity of gut ecology are affected by the gestational age, delivery type, feeding sources, and antibiotics use in neonates. Recent studies pointed out that disturbance of gut microbiota, so called dysbiosis, could result in several pediatric diseases including obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), metabolic syndromes, allergic diseases, and inflammatory bowel diseases. However, there are no single species can be proven to play a key factor in pediatric obesity and NAFLD at present. Various probiotics may confer benefit to these gut microbiota-related pediatric diseases. The clinical application is still limited. This review article aimed to elucidate evidently the relationship between gut microbiota and pediatric obesity/NAFLD and to discuss the potential probiotics use in pediatric obesity and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Jong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hsuan Ni
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Supplementation with Beef Extract Improves Exercise Performance and Reduces Post-Exercise Fatigue Independent of Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111740. [PMID: 30424538 PMCID: PMC6266735 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Beef extract (BE) is a nutritional supplement obtained by cooking beef meat. Compared with traditional chicken essence or clam extract, BE is cheaper to produce and may be used for wound healing, as a chemotherapy supplement, or to prevent fatigue. In this study, we evaluated the potential beneficial effects of BE on exercise performance and the related role of the gut microbiota. Pathogen-free male BALB/c mice were divided into three groups to receive vehicle or BE (0, 12.3, or 24.6 mL/kg) by oral gavage for 28 days. Exercise performance was evaluated using forelimb grip strength, swimming time to exhaustion, and physiological levels of fatigue-related biomarkers (serum lactate, blood urea nitrogen, and glucose levels) after physical challenges. BE supplementation elevated endurance and grip strength in a dose-dependent manner; significantly decreased lactate and blood urea nitrogen levels after physical challenge; and significantly increased muscle glycogen content. The germ-free mice supplemented with BE or an equal-calorie portion of albumin did not show significant differences from the other groups in exercise performance and levels of related biomarkers. Therefore, BE supplementation improved endurance and reduced fatigue, which might be related to BE composition, but had no correlation with the gut microbiota.
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Fang X. Microbial treatment: the potential application for Parkinson's disease. Neurol Sci 2018; 40:51-58. [PMID: 30415447 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-018-3641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the composition of the intestinal flora are associated with the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). More importantly, the possible cause-effect links between gut flora and PD pathogenesis have been identified using PD animal models. Recent studies have found that probiotics improve the symptoms associated with constipation in PD patients. In addition, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was recently shown to provide a protective effect against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Effective microbial therapy for PD includes probiotics and FMT. Therefore, microbial therapy may be a useful and novel approach for treatment of PD. In this review, I discuss the use of microbial treatment in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Abstract
Infant colic is a commonly reported phenomenon of excessive crying in infancy with an enigmatic and distressing character. Despite its frequent occurrence, little agreement has been reached on the definition, pathogenesis or the optimal management strategy for infant colic. This Review aims to delineate the definitional entanglement with the Rome IV criteria, which were published in 2016, as the leading, most recent diagnostic criteria. Moreover, neurogenic, gastrointestinal, microbial and psychosocial factors that might contribute to the pathophysiology of infant colic are explored. This Review underlines that a comprehensive medical history and physical examination in the absence of alarm symptoms serve as guidance for the clinician to a positive diagnosis. It also highlights that an important aspect of the management of infant colic is parental education and reassurance. Management strategies, including behavioural, dietary, pharmacological and alternative interventions, are also discussed. Owing to a lack of large, high-quality randomized controlled trials, none of these therapies are strongly recommended. Finally, the behavioural and somatic sequelae of infant colic into childhood are summarized.
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Ho RH, Chan JCY, Fan H, Kioh DYQ, Lee BW, Chan ECY. In Silico and in Vitro Interactions between Short Chain Fatty Acids and Human Histone Deacetylases. Biochemistry 2017; 56:4871-4878. [PMID: 28809557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are postulated to modulate the immune development of neonates via epigenetic regulations such as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition. In the context of atopic diseases, the inhibition of HDAC maintains T-cell homeostasis and induces naïve T-cell differentiation into adaptive Treg, which regulates the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines and suppression of Th2 immune responses. We investigated the structure-inhibition relationships of SCFAs with class I HDAC3 and class IIa HDAC7 using in silico docking simulation and the in vitro human recombinant HDAC inhibition assay. In silico docking simulation demonstrated that the lower binding energy of SCFAs toward HDACs was associated with the longer aliphatic chain length of SCFAs. Conversely, branching of SCFAs increased their binding energies toward both HDAC3 and HDAC7. The in vitro HDAC inhibition assay revealed that SCFAs more potently inhibit HDAC3 than HDAC7, with butyric acid being the most potent HDAC3 inhibitor among SCFAs (IC50 = 0.318 mM). In conclusion, our findings inform novel structural relationships between SCFAs and HDAC3 versus HDAC7. Future investigation of human disposition of SCFAs is important to establish their effects on innate versus adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Hui Ho
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore , 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - James Chun Yip Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore , 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Hao Fan
- Bioinformatics Institute , 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore , 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117545
| | - Dorinda Yan Qin Kioh
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore , 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Bee Wah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, National University Health System , 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074
| | - Eric Chun Yong Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore , 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543.,Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS) , 30 Medical Drive, Singapore 117609
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Lee Y, Ba Z, Roberts RF, Rogers CJ, Fleming JA, Meng H, Furumoto EJ, Kris-Etherton PM. Effects of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 ® on the lipid/lipoprotein profile and short chain fatty acids in healthy young adults: a randomized controlled trial. Nutr J 2017; 16:39. [PMID: 28662676 PMCID: PMC5492721 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-017-0261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some probiotics have hypocholesterolemic effects in animal studies, which are mediated, in part, by increases in fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Clinical trials of probiotics on lipids/lipoproteins are inconsistent. Objective We examined the effects of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12® (BB-12®) (3.16 × 109 CFUs/day) on lipids and lipoproteins and fecal excretion of SCFAs in healthy adults. Methods In a randomized, partially blinded, 4-period, crossover study, 30 adults (11 men, 19 women) aged 18–40 years were randomly assigned to: 1) yogurt smoothie with no BB-12® (YS), 2) yogurt smoothie with BB-12® added pre-fermentation (PRE), 3) yogurt smoothie with BB-12® added post-fermentation (POST), 4) BB-12® containing capsule (CAP). We measured serum lipids/lipoproteins, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fecal SCFAs at baseline and after each treatment period. Results Total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TGs) did not differ after the PRE, POST, and CAP periods versus the YS or between treatments. Compared to baseline, fecal acetate was significantly increased after the YS (Δ = 211.89 ± 75.87 μg/g, P = 0.007) and PRE (Δ = 204.98 ± 75.70 μg/g, P = 0.009) periods. The percent increase in fecal acetate was significantly greater after the YS versus the POST period (52.2 ± 13.2% vs. 24.5 ± 13.2%, P = 0.023). Fecal total SCFAs, propionate and butyrate did not differ between treatment periods. Fecal total SCFAs were negatively associated with TC (r = -0.22, P = 0.01), LDL-C (r = -0.24, P = 0.004), age (r = -0.33, P < 0.001), and waist circumference (r = -0.25, P = 0.003). Conclusions BB-12® supplementation did not improve lipids, lipoproteins and total and individual fecal SCFAs. Fecal SCFAs were negatively associated with TC, LDL-C, age, and waist circumference. Trial registration This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01399996.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Zhaoyong Ba
- Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, 206 Rodney A. Erickson Food Science Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Robert F Roberts
- Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, 206 Rodney A. Erickson Food Science Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Connie J Rogers
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Jennifer A Fleming
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Huicui Meng
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Emily J Furumoto
- Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, 206 Rodney A. Erickson Food Science Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Penny M Kris-Etherton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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Hemalatha R, Ouwehand AC, Saarinen MT, Prasad UV, Swetha K, Bhaskar V. Effect of probiotic supplementation on total lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and short chain fatty acids in 2-5-year-old children. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2017; 28:1298340. [PMID: 28572751 PMCID: PMC5443088 DOI: 10.1080/16512235.2017.1298340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background: Consumption of Lactobacillus paracasei Lpc-37 or Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 by 2-5-year-old children was found to reduce risk for diarrhoea and fever during the rainy season. Objective: Can changes in faecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) or branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs) explain the observed positive influence of probiotics and their role on nutritional status and diarrhoea risk? Design: Faecal samples were analysed for SCFAs and BCFAs and correlated to Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus levels; both at the start and after nine months' consumption of either of the two probiotic strains, or placebo. Results: No differences in SCFAs, BCFAs, Lactobacillus or Bifidobacterium levels were found between boys and girls. Severely underweight children were observed to have the highest Lactobacillus levels. Probiotic intervention was found to be associated with higher levels of selected SCFAs and BCFAs in subjects who had experienced diarrhoea. Treatment with either of the probiotics led to changes in SCFAs and BCFAs. SCFAs, acetate, propionate and butyrate, were found to correlate with each other. Likewise, BCFAs isobutyrate, 2-methylbutyrate and isovalerate correlated with each other. After the intervention, L. paracasei Lpc-37 correlated positively with total Bifidobacterium counts and isovalerate levels. B. lactis HN019 counts were found to correlate positively with total bacterial counts and negatively with propionate levels. Conclusions: Nutritional status was associated with higher levels of faecal lactobacilli; the meaning of this requires further investigation. The intervention with the two probiotics was observed to influence the levels of faecal SCFAs and BCFAs and there is a differential response in those who developed diarrhoea and those who did not. It is, however, not clear to what extent this is a mechanism that explains the earlier observed effect the strains had on diarrhoea risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Hemalatha
- Microbiology and Immunology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - A. C. Ouwehand
- Active Nutrition, DuPont Nutrition and Health, Kantvik, Finland
| | - M. T. Saarinen
- Active Nutrition, DuPont Nutrition and Health, Kantvik, Finland
| | - U. V. Prasad
- Microbiology and Immunology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - K. Swetha
- Microbiology and Immunology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - V. Bhaskar
- Microbiology and Immunology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
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Integrated Role of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Supplementation in Gut Microbiota, Immunity, and Metabolism of Infant Rhesus Monkeys. mSystems 2016; 1:mSystems00128-16. [PMID: 27921083 PMCID: PMC5128019 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00128-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the impact of probiotic supplementation of infant formula on immune parameters, intestinal microbiota, and metabolism, five individually housed infant rhesus monkeys exclusively fed standard infant formula supplemented with probiotics (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019) from birth until 3 months of age were compared with five standard formula-fed and five breast-fed monkeys. Anthropometric measurements, serum insulin, immune parameters, fecal microbiota, and metabolic profiles of serum, urine, and feces were evaluated. Consumption of B. lactis-supplemented formula reduced microbial diversity, restructured the fecal microbial community, and altered the fecal metabolome at the last two time points, in addition to increasing short-chain fatty acids in serum and urine. Circulating CCL22 was lower and threonine, branched-chain amino acids, urea, and allantoin, as well as dimethylglycine in serum and urine, were increased in the group supplemented with B. lactis compared with the standard formula-fed group. These results support a role of probiotics as effectors of gut microbial activity regulating amino acid utilization and nitrogen cycling. Future risk-benefit analyses are still needed to consolidate the existing knowledge on the long-term consequences of probiotic administration during infancy. IMPORTANCE Probiotics are becoming increasingly popular due to their perceived effects on health, despite a lack of mechanistic information on how they impart these benefits. Infant formula and complementary foods are common targets for supplementation with probiotics. However, different probiotic strains have different properties, and there is a lack of data on long-term health effects on the consumer. Given the increasing interest in supplementation with probiotics and the fact that the gastrointestinal tracts of infants are still immature, we sought to determine whether consumption of infant formula containing the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 for 3 months starting at birth would impact gut microbial colonization, as well as infant immunity and metabolism, when compared with consumption of formula alone.
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