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Hernández-Sánchez RC, Martínez-Castañeda FE, Domínguez-Olvera DA, Trujillo-Ortega ME, Díaz-Sánchez VM, Sánchez-Ramírez E, Posadas-Hernández E, Mejía-Flores I, Hernandez E. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Thermal Stress Assessment in Poultry Using Infrared Thermography in Specific Body Areas. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:3171. [PMID: 39595224 PMCID: PMC11591388 DOI: 10.3390/ani14223171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Revised: 10/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/31/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Thermal stress is a health and welfare concern in the poultry industry. Poultry have specific thermoregulation strategies for heat stress (i.e., vasodilatation) or cold stress (i.e., vasoconstriction). Infrared thermal (IRT) analysis is a non-invasive temperature assessment technology with significant benefits compared to conventional temperature measurements, which are invasive and time-consuming. However, a wide range of IRT methodologies and equipment are used for temperature assessment in poultry. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of IRT applications in poultry undergoing thermal stress. The bibliographic search yielded 17 records for qualitative synthesis and 10 for quantitative analysis. The results showed IRT is more commonly studied during heat stress than cold stress, and more research is being conducted on laying hens than other poultry species. Also, four body areas (parts of the head, body, face, and leg) were identified as common areas of interest for body surface temperature measurement. There is a clear thermoregulation response to thermal stress in poultry, with marked differences between featherless and feather-covered areas. IRT in poultry undergoing thermal stress has a good diagnostic value and represents an important welfare assessment tool for future research, particularly when combined with other welfare assessment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Carlos Hernández-Sánchez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 2.5 Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyuca, Cuautitlán Izcalli C.P. 54714, Mexico; (R.C.H.-S.); (V.M.D.-S.); (I.M.-F.)
| | | | - Daniel Alonso Domínguez-Olvera
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #3000, Coyoacán, Mexico City C.P. 04510, Mexico; (D.A.D.-O.); (M.E.T.-O.); (E.S.-R.); (E.P.-H.)
| | - Maria Elena Trujillo-Ortega
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #3000, Coyoacán, Mexico City C.P. 04510, Mexico; (D.A.D.-O.); (M.E.T.-O.); (E.S.-R.); (E.P.-H.)
| | - Víctor Manuel Díaz-Sánchez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 2.5 Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyuca, Cuautitlán Izcalli C.P. 54714, Mexico; (R.C.H.-S.); (V.M.D.-S.); (I.M.-F.)
| | - Ezequiel Sánchez-Ramírez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #3000, Coyoacán, Mexico City C.P. 04510, Mexico; (D.A.D.-O.); (M.E.T.-O.); (E.S.-R.); (E.P.-H.)
| | - Elizabeth Posadas-Hernández
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #3000, Coyoacán, Mexico City C.P. 04510, Mexico; (D.A.D.-O.); (M.E.T.-O.); (E.S.-R.); (E.P.-H.)
| | - Itzayana Mejía-Flores
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 2.5 Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyuca, Cuautitlán Izcalli C.P. 54714, Mexico; (R.C.H.-S.); (V.M.D.-S.); (I.M.-F.)
| | - Elein Hernandez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 2.5 Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyuca, Cuautitlán Izcalli C.P. 54714, Mexico; (R.C.H.-S.); (V.M.D.-S.); (I.M.-F.)
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2
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Hashemitabar SH, Hosseinian SA. The comparative effects of probiotics on growth, antioxidant indices and intestinal histomorphology of broilers under heat stress condition. Sci Rep 2024; 14:23471. [PMID: 39379397 PMCID: PMC11461668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat stress adversely affects both the productivity and well-being of chickens. Probiotics offer beneficial impacts on the health and growth performance of broilers. The current study investigates the influence of administering of Bacillus (including B. subtilis, B. licheniformis, B. coagulans, and B. indicus) and Lactobacillus (consisting of L. acidophilus, L. plantarum, L. buchneri, and L. rhamnosus) probiotics via drinking water, either singular or combined, on various aspects including growth performance, oxidative stress markers, carcass characteristics, fecal microbial composition, intestinal structure, and intestinal pH in broilers exposed to chronic heat stress. A total of 150 one-day-old broiler chicks were divided into 5 groups: (1) NC, negative control; (2) HS, birds exposed to chronic heat stress; (3) HSpBacil, exposed to chronic heat stress and received Bacillus probiotic; (4) HSpLAB, subjected to chronic heat stress and provided with Lactobacillus probiotic; (5) HSpMix, subjected to chronic heat stress and administered a combined probiotic from Bacillus and Lactobacillus. The HS group exhibited significantly reduced levels of growth performance, carcass traits, and notably affected oxidative stress indices, as well as intestinal pH and histomorphology in the birds. Additionally, the administered probiotics led to increased weight of lymphoid organs, enhanced body weight gain, and improved intestinal histomorphology. Furthermore, the probiotics decreased malondialdehyde and increased total antioxidant capacity in broilers. In conclusion, Bacillus and Lactobacillus probiotics, as single or multi-species, particularly Lactobacillus and combined probiotic, demonstrated potential in alleviating the adverse effects of heat stress in broiler chickens. They could serve as beneficial feed additives and growth enhancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hamidreza Hashemitabar
- Avian Diseases Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71345, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Alemeh Hosseinian
- Avian Diseases Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71345, Iran.
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Oke OE, Akosile OA, Oni AI, Opowoye IO, Ishola CA, Adebiyi JO, Odeyemi AJ, Adjei-Mensah B, Uyanga VA, Abioja MO. Oxidative stress in poultry production. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104003. [PMID: 39084145 PMCID: PMC11341942 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a major concern that impacts the overall health of chickens in modern production systems. It is characterized by an imbalance between antioxidant defence mechanisms and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of oxidative stress in poultry production, with an emphasis on its effects on growth performance, immune responses, and reproductive outcomes. This review highlights the intricate mechanisms underlying OS and discusses how various factors, including dietary components, genetic predispositions, and environmental stressors can exacerbate the production of ROS. Additionally, the impact of oxidative stress on the production performance and physiological systems of poultry is examined. The study also emphasizes the relationship between oxidative stress and poultry diseases, highlighting how impaired antioxidant defenses increase bird's susceptibility to infections. The review assesses the existing approaches to reducing oxidative stress in chickens in response to these challenges. This includes managing techniques to lower stress in the production environment, antioxidant supplements, and nutritional interventions. The effectiveness of naturally occurring antioxidants, including plant extracts, minerals, and vitamins to improve poultry resistance to oxidative damage is also examined. To improve the antioxidant defenses of poultry under stress conditions, the activation of cellular homeostatic networks termed vitagenes, such as Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) is necessary for the synthesis of protective factors that can counteract the increased production of ROS and RNS. Future studies into novel strategies for managing oxidative stress in chicken production would build on these research advances and the knowledge gaps identified in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- O E Oke
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Centre of Excellence in Avian Sciences, Université of Lomé, Lomé, Togo.
| | - O A Akosile
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - A I Oni
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - I O Opowoye
- Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - C A Ishola
- Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - J O Adebiyi
- Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - A J Odeyemi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - B Adjei-Mensah
- Centre of Excellence in Avian Sciences, Université of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - V A Uyanga
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - M O Abioja
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
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4
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Pasri P, Rakngam S, Gérard N, Mermillod P, Khempaka S. Synthetic and phytogenic antioxidants improve productive performance, antioxidant activity, gene expression, and offspring quality in breeder hens subjected to heat stress. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103390. [PMID: 38194833 PMCID: PMC10792647 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a synthetic source (a combination of vitamin E, vitamin C, selenium, and L-carnitine) and phytogenic sources (a combination of clove, green tea pomace, and Vietnamese coriander) in overcoming heat stress (HS) damage in female breeder hens on production, blood chemistry, sperm survival in the oviduct, antioxidant properties, gene expression, and quality of offspring. One hundred SUT female breeder hens were housed in individual cages and divided into 4 treatment groups: T1) basal diets in the thermoneutral (TN) zone; T2) basal diets under HS; 3) basal diets with synthetic antioxidants under HS; and T4) basal diets with phytochemical antioxidants under HS. The result revealed that HS condition had a negative effect on reducing final body weight, egg weight, and 1-day-old chick weight while increasing water intake and FCR and altered blood chemicals in breeder hens compared to TN breeder hens (P < 0.05). However, either synthetic or phytogenic antioxidants resulted in increased egg production and hatchability, while decreasing the number of late stages of embryo death during the incubation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the synthetic antioxidants also improved the uniformity of chicks and reduced late-stage embryo death compared with phytogenic antioxidants (P < 0.05). HS breeder hens fed with either of the antioxidant sources exhibited higher antioxidant capacity in terms of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging (in yolk, liver, and breast meat) and FRAP radical scavenging (in yolk and liver) and lower liver malondialdehyde than HS breeder hens fed with the control diet (P < 0.05). Additionally, the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) in the liver was upregulated, whereas the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (nuclear factor-κB) and heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90) was downregulated in breeder hens that received both antioxidant sources (P < 0.05). Future investigations should focus on the potential for combinations of synthetic and phytogenic antioxidants in diets for HS breeder hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phocharapon Pasri
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Sitthipong Rakngam
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Nadine Gérard
- UMR de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, National Research Institute for Agronomy and Environment (INRAe), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Pascal Mermillod
- UMR de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, National Research Institute for Agronomy and Environment (INRAe), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Sutisa Khempaka
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
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5
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El-Ratel IT, Amara MM, Beshara MM, Basuini MFE, Fouda SF, El-Kholy KH, Ebeid TA, Kamal M, Othman SI, Rudayni HA, Allam AA, Moustafa M, Tellez-Isaias G, Abd El-Hack ME, Mekawy A. Effects of supplemental vitamin A on reproduction and antioxidative status of aged laying hens, and growth, blood indices and immunity of their offspring. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103453. [PMID: 38306808 PMCID: PMC10850857 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the impacts of vitamin A (VA) supplementation in feed at levels of 0 (control), 2,000, 4,000, 6,000, and 8,000 IU VA/kg diet on the reproductive efficiency and antioxidative properties of aged Sinai laying hens at 52 wk of age (n = 300 females and 30 males) in 6 replicates (10 females + 1 male/replicate). As well as blood biochemical indicators, carcass characteristics, growth performance, immunity, and the antioxidative status of their chicks. Results showed that diets supplemented with 2,000 or 6,000 IU/kg of VA increased fertility rate and decreased early embryonic mortality (P < 0.05). Increasing VA from 4,000 to 6,000 IU/kg significantly boosted hatchability rates. All VA levels significantly enhanced glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and late embryonic mortality. In the shell gland, dietary supplementation of 6,000 or 8,000 IU/kg of VA enhanced actions of GPx actions, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). In hatched chicks, all VA levels boosted (P < 0.05) hemoglobin, red blood cell count, and serum concentration of total proteins and IgA while decreasing eosinophils percentage and aspartate aminotransferase activity (AST) concentration. Dietary VA supplementations from 4,000 to 8,000 IU/kg improved lymphocytes, serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), SOD, and IgM, while decreasing heterophils, heterophils/lymphocytes ratio, and creatinine in hatched chicks. Serum triglyceride concentration was reduced by adding 6,000 or 8,000 IU/kg of VA, while globulin and high-density lipoprotein concentrations were heightened only by 8,000 IU/kg of VA. It could be concluded that the dietary supplementation of VA (6,000 IU/kg) improved reproductive efficiency and antioxidative status in the liver and the shell gland of aged laying hens and improved hemato-biochemicals parameters, antioxidative status, and immunity of their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim T El-Ratel
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - Mariam M Amara
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - Malak M Beshara
- Agricultural Research Center, Animal Production Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F El Basuini
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt; Faculty of Desert Agriculture, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Sara F Fouda
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Khaled H El-Kholy
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - Tarek A Ebeid
- Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Kamal
- Agricultural Research Center, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Sarah I Othman
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Rudayni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Allam
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef 65211 Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Guillermo Tellez-Isaias
- Department of Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA
| | | | - Aml Mekawy
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
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6
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Zeng XY, Javid A, Tian G, Zhang KY, Bai SP, Ding XM, Wang JP, Lv L, Xuan Y, Li SS, Zeng QF. Metabolomics analysis to interpret changes in physiological and metabolic responses to chronic heat stress in Pekin ducks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169382. [PMID: 38110095 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) is a major environmental threat that affects duck production in subtropical and tropical regions, especially in summer. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and metabolic responses of Pekin ducks to chronic HS conditions via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) using a paired-fed (PF) experimental design. On the basis of equivalent feed intake (HS vs. PF), HS significantly reduced growth performance and the percentage of leg and breast muscles, however, markedly increased the percentage of abdominal fat and breast skin fat. Serum metabolomics results revealed that heat-stressed ducks showed enhanced glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways, as demonstrated by higher glucose 6-phosphate and 6-phogluconic acid levels in the PF vs. HS comparison. HS decreased hepatic mRNA levels of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation-related genes (MCAD and SCAD) compared to the PF group, resulting in acetylcarnitine accumulation in serum. Moreover, HS elevated the concentrations of serum amino acids and mRNA levels of ubiquitination-related genes (MuRF1 and MAFbx) in the skeletal muscle and amino acid transporter-related genes (SLC1A1 and SLC7A1) and gluconeogenesis-related genes (PCK1 and PCase) in the liver compared to the PF group. When compared to the normal control group (NC), HS further decreased growth performance, but it elevated the abdominal fat rate. However, increased mRNA levels of ubiquitination-related genes and serum amino acid accumulation were not observed in the HS group compared to the NC group, implying that reduced feed intake masked the effect of HS on skeletal muscle breakdown and is a form of protection for the organism. These results suggest that chronic HS induces protein degradation in the skeletal muscle to provide amino acids for hepatic gluconeogenesis to provide sufficient energy, as Pekin ducks under HS conditions failed to efficiently oxidise fatty acids and ketones in the mitochondria, leading to poor growth performance and slaughter characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi-Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Arshad Javid
- University of Veterinary & Animal Science, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Gang Tian
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ke-Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shi-Ping Bai
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xue-Mei Ding
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jian-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Lv
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yue Xuan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiu-Feng Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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7
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Shi X, Liang Q, Wang E, Jiang C, Zeng L, Chen R, Li J, Xu G, Zheng J. A Method to Reduce the Occurrence of Egg Translucency and Its Effect on Bacterial Invasion. Foods 2023; 12:2538. [PMID: 37444276 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Translucent egg consumption is low due to consumer acceptance and quality concerns, which is a problem that egg producers need to address. This study was performed to evaluate the reasons for the high occurrence of egg translucency in summer, as well as whether the addition of mono-dicalcium phosphate (MDCP) to the diet can relieve eggshell translucency and whether eggshell translucency is associated with the risk of bacterial invasion. A total of 72 laying hens that were 36 weeks old were randomly divided into control (CON) and MDCP groups and fed in the same environment. Results showed that the number of translucent eggs increases in July and August as the temperature and humidity increase. Compared with the CON group, in July, August, and October, the translucent egg grade (TEG) of the MDCP group was lower than that of the CON group (p < 0.05). TEG was correlated with mastoid space height (MSH), width (MSW), and area (MSA) (correlation coefficients 0.63, 0.59, and 0.68, respectively, p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference in the invasion rate of E. coli between translucent and non-translucent egg groups (47.2% vs. 39.33%), and translucent area and non-translucent area (13.49% vs. 15.08%). In conclusion, our results show that dietary MDCP may alleviate eggshell translucency and that eggshell translucency would not increase the probability of E. coli cross-shell penetration rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qianni Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Enling Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Caiyun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lingsen Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruochen Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junying Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guiyun Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiangxia Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Bejaoui B, Sdiri C, Ben Souf I, Belhadj Slimen I, Ben Larbi M, Koumba S, Martin P, M'Hamdi N. Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant Markers, and Meat Quality as Affected by Heat Stress: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083332. [PMID: 37110566 PMCID: PMC10147039 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is one of the most stressful events in livestock life, negatively impacting animal health, productivity, and product quality. Moreover, the negative impact of heat stress on animal product quality has recently attracted increasing public awareness and concern. The purpose of this review is to discuss the effects of heat stress on the quality and the physicochemical component of meat in ruminants, pigs, rabbits, and poultry. Based on PRISMA guidelines, research articles were identified, screened, and summarized based on inclusion criteria for heat stress on meat safety and quality. Data were obtained from the Web of Science. Many studies reported the increased incidences of heat stress on animal welfare and meat quality. Although heat stress impacts can be variable depending on the severity and duration, the exposure of animals to heat stress (HS) can affect meat quality. Recent studies have shown that HS not only causes physiological and metabolic disturbances in living animals but also alters the rate and extent of glycolysis in postmortem muscles, resulting in changes in pH values that affect carcasses and meat. It has been shown to have a plausible effect on quality and antioxidant activity. Acute heat stress just before slaughter stimulates muscle glycogenolysis and can result in pale, tender, and exudative (PSE) meat characterized by low water-holding capacity (WHC). The enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) act by scavenging both intracellular and extracellular superoxide radicals and preventing the lipid peroxidation of the plasma membrane. Therefore, understanding and controlling environmental conditions is crucial to successful animal production and product safety. The objective of this review was to investigate the effects of HS on meat quality and antioxidant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochra Bejaoui
- Laboratory of Useful Materials, National Institute of Research and Pysico-Chemical Analysis (INRAP), Technopark of Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Chaima Sdiri
- Research Laboratory of Ecosystems & Aquatic Resources, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Carthage University, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, Tunis 1082, Tunisia
| | - Ikram Ben Souf
- Research Laboratory of Ecosystems & Aquatic Resources, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Carthage University, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, Tunis 1082, Tunisia
| | - Imen Belhadj Slimen
- Department of Animal Sciences, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Carthage University, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, Tunis 1082, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Materials, Molecules, and Application, Preparatory Institute for Scientific and Technical Studies, B.P. 51, La Marsa, Tunis 2078, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Larbi
- LR13AGR02, Higher School of Agriculture, University of Carthage, Mateur 7030, Tunisia
| | - Sidrine Koumba
- Unité Transformations & Agroressources, ULR7519, Université d'Artois-UniLaSalle, F-62408 Bethune, France
| | - Patrick Martin
- Unité Transformations & Agroressources, ULR7519, Université d'Artois-UniLaSalle, F-62408 Bethune, France
| | - Naceur M'Hamdi
- Research Laboratory of Ecosystems & Aquatic Resources, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Carthage University, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, Tunis 1082, Tunisia
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9
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Suliman GM, Hussein EOS, Al-Owaimer AN, Alhotan RA, Al-Garadi MA, Mahdi JMH, Ba-Awadh HA, Qaid MM, Swelum AAA. Betaine and nano-emulsified vegetable oil supplementation for improving carcass and meat quality characteristics of broiler chickens under heat stress conditions. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1147020. [PMID: 37051513 PMCID: PMC10083305 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1147020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThis research aimed to examine the effects of water-added betaine (BET) and/or nano-emulsified vegetable oil (MAGO) on carcass and meat quality characteristics of broilers raised under thermoneutral (TN) and heat stress (HS) conditions.MethodsOn day 21, 640 birds (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to one of two thermal conditions (thermoneutral 22 ± 1°C and heat stress 32 ± 1°C) each containing four treatment groups: Control, BET, MAGO, and a mixture of both (BETMAGO) in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement (eight groups). Each group has eight replicates, with ten birds each. The birds' carcass and meat quality characteristics were evaluated at 35 days.Results and discussionThe dressing percentage, breast, leg, wing, heart, initial pH, color change, cooking loss (CL), water-holding capacity (WHC), shear force (SF), and texture profile with exception of springiness significantly affected by the treatments. The results showed that HS had negative effects on carcass weight and relative weights of the breast, spleen, and heart. Moreover, HS increased dressing percentage, wing, initial pH, final core temperature, initial lightness, WHC, and hardness. Significant differences in interactions between treatments and temperature were observed in the spleen, WHC, and SF.ConclusionWater supplemented with BET effectively improved carcass dressing percentage, breast weight, and meat quality in terms of water-holding capacity and tenderness under HS conditions. More studies on the use of BET and/or MAGO at different levels were recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamaleldin M. Suliman
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Gamaleldin M. Suliman
| | - Elsayed O. S. Hussein
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah N. Al-Owaimer
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed A. Alhotan
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged A. Al-Garadi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel M. H. Mahdi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani A. Ba-Awadh
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Qaid
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum
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10
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Dornelas KC, Mascarenhas NMH, Dos Santos da Rocha PA, Ton APS, do Amaral AG, Schneider RM, Dos Santos Lima de Brito AN, Furtado DA, do Nascimento JWB. Chicken bed reuse. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:39537-39545. [PMID: 36787074 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25850-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aviculture is a developed and important industry worldwide. However, it is an industry that produces solid waste such as bedding. As an attempt to reduce environmental impact and productive activity costs, beds are reused by several consecutive lots which can increase microorganism concentration and lead to unsanitary conditions. In this regard, it is essential to adopt a litter pre-treatment during the gap sanitary period between lots to avoid passing problems to the birds from the current flock to the subsequent flock and to guarantee the litter quality. Several factors must be considered to guarantee that there is minimal damage to chicken production. Therefore, this literature review aims to approach the main factors that affect the thermal comfort and chicken litter quality, as well as alternatives used as an alternative biological treatment to guarantee its reuse quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Carvalho Dornelas
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Road Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-900, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Avenue Alexandre Ferronato, 1200 - Res. Cidade Jardim, Sinop, MT, 78550-728, Brazil
| | - Nágela Maria Henrique Mascarenhas
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Road Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-900, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Almeida Dos Santos da Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Avenue Alexandre Ferronato, 1200 - Res. Cidade Jardim, Sinop, MT, 78550-728, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Silva Ton
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Avenue Alexandre Ferronato, 1200 - Res. Cidade Jardim, Sinop, MT, 78550-728, Brazil
| | - Adriana Garcia do Amaral
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Avenue Alexandre Ferronato, 1200 - Res. Cidade Jardim, Sinop, MT, 78550-728, Brazil
| | - Roselene Maria Schneider
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Avenue Alexandre Ferronato, 1200 - Res. Cidade Jardim, Sinop, MT, 78550-728, Brazil
| | - Alícia Nayana Dos Santos Lima de Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Road Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-900, Brazil
| | - Dermeval Araújo Furtado
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Road Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-900, Brazil
| | - José Wallace Barbosa do Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Road Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-900, Brazil
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11
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Spatial Variability of External Egg Quality in Vertical Naturally Ventilated Caged Aviaries. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040750. [PMID: 36830538 PMCID: PMC9952415 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
External egg quality is an essential parameter of egg production as it relates directly to economic losses. This study evaluated the spatial variability of external egg quality in five naturally ventilated caged vertical aviaries. Differences caused by bird age and thermal and luminous variability within aviaries during winter and summer were analyzed. Data on aviary air temperature, relative humidity, light intensity, and external egg quality were collected at evenly distributed points along the aviary length within three levels of cages. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme. In the summer, the highest air temperature and lowest relative humidity were found in central cages, mainly in upper center cages; hens produced eggs with a lower weight and shape index in this area. Similar results were obtained in the winter. In the summer, eggs with lower shell weight and thickness were also produced by hens housed in the central cages, but in the winter, the opposite result was obtained. This study of the spatial variability of external egg quality proved efficient in detecting areas within an aviary with poor quality eggs; improvements to design and management in these areas could help management improve production efficiency and contribute to a sustainable egg supply.
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12
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Khalid A, Khalid F, Mahreen N, Hussain SM, Shahzad MM, Khan S, Wang Z. Effect of Spore-Forming Probiotics on the Poultry Production: A Review. Food Sci Anim Resour 2022; 42:968-980. [PMID: 36415574 PMCID: PMC9647184 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2022.e41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the bad aspects associated with the use of antibiotics, the pressure on poultry production prompted the efforts to find out suitable growth-promoting and disease-preventing alternatives. Although many cost-effective alternatives have been developed, currently, one of the most auspicious alternatives for poultry feed is spore-forming probiotics, which can exert more beneficial effects as compared to normal probiotics, because of their ability to withstand the harsh external and internal conditions which result in increased viability. Many studies have already used spore-forming probiotics to improve different parameters of poultry production. Our laboratory has recently isolated a spore-forming bacterial strain, which has the potential to be used as a probiotic. So, to provide a detailed understanding, the current review aimed to collect valuable references to describe the mechanism of action of spore-forming probiotics and their effect on all the key aspects of poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Khalid
- College of Life Science, Anhui
Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Fatima Khalid
- College of Life Science, Anhui
Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Nida Mahreen
- Department of Horticulture, Ayub Research
Institute, Faisalabad 38850, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad
- Department of Zoology, Division of Science
and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770,
Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- College of Life Science, Anhui
Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zaigui Wang
- College of Life Science, Anhui
Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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13
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Abioja MO, Apuu S, Daramola JO, Wheto M, Akinjute OF. Semen quality and sperm characteristics in broiler breeder cockerels fed vitamin E during hot season. ACTA SCIENTIARUM: ANIMAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Thirty-two Arbor Acres (AA) cockerels aged 27 weeks were used to determine the effect of vitamin E (VE) on the semen characteristics and sperm quality during hot season. The birds were fed diets containing 0, 50, 100 and 150mg VE kg-1 feed. There were 4 replicates and two birds per replicate. Semen collection was done thrice a week for three weeks in all birds. Dietary vitamin E significantly (p < 0.05) increased the semen volume (SV) and number of sperm cells (NS) in AA cockerels. CONTROL birds (0.71 mL) had lower SV than birds fed 150 mg VE (0.94 mL). Birds on 100 and 150 mg VE recorded similar NS, which was higher than 0 and 50 mg VE groups. The least NS was in the CONTROL group. Sperm abnormality gradually (p < 0.05) decreased as dietary VE increased from 0 to 150 mg. Significant (p < 0.01) effect of dietary VE was recorded in percentage live sperm (PLS). Semen from cockerels on VE treatment had higher PLS than the CONTROL. In conclusion, it may be beneficial to supplement the broiler breeder cockerel diet with VE up to 150 mg kg-1 feed during hot season as it increased SV, NS and PLS and decreased sperm abnormality.
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14
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Ahmad R, Yu YH, Hsiao FSH, Su CH, Liu HC, Tobin I, Zhang G, Cheng YH. Influence of Heat Stress on Poultry Growth Performance, Intestinal Inflammation, and Immune Function and Potential Mitigation by Probiotics. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172297. [PMID: 36078017 PMCID: PMC9454943 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The poultry industry sustains severe economic loss under heat stress conditions. Heat stress adversely affects the productivity, physiological status, and immunity of birds. To date, several mitigation measures have been adopted to minimize the negative effects of heat stress in poultry. Nutritional strategies have been explored as a promising approach to mitigate heat stress-associated deleterious impacts. Of these, probiotic feeding has a strong potential as a nutritional strategy, and this approach warrants further investigation to improve thermotolerance in poultry. Abstract Heat stress has emerged as a serious threat to the global poultry industry due to climate change. Heat stress can negatively impact the growth, gut health, immune function, and production and reproductive performances of poultry. Different strategies have been explored to mitigate heat stress in poultry; however, only a few have shown potential. Probiotics are gaining the attention of poultry nutritionists, as they are capable of improving the physiology, gut health, and immune system of poultry under heat stress. Therefore, application of probiotics along with proper management are considered to potentially help negate some of the negative impacts of heat stress on poultry. This review presents scientific insight into the impact of heat stress on poultry health and growth performance as well as the application of probiotics as a promising approach to alleviate the negative effects of heat stress in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiq Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Yu
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan
| | - Felix Shih-Hsiang Hsiao
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hui Su
- Ilan Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Yilan 268020, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chou Liu
- Ilan Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Yilan 268020, Taiwan
| | - Isabel Tobin
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Yeong-Hsiang Cheng
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (Y.-H.C.)
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15
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Teyssier JR, Brugaletta G, Sirri F, Dridi S, Rochell SJ. A review of heat stress in chickens. Part II: Insights into protein and energy utilization and feeding. Front Physiol 2022; 13:943612. [PMID: 36003648 PMCID: PMC9393371 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.943612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing global demand for animal protein and rising temperatures caused by climate change, heat stress (HS) is one of the main emerging environmental challenges for the poultry industry. Commercially-reared birds are particularly sensitive to hot temperatures, so adopting production systems that mitigate the adverse effects of HS on bird performance is essential and requires a holistic approach. Feeding and nutrition can play important roles in limiting the heat load on birds; therefore, this review aims to describe the effects of HS on feed intake (FI) and nutrient digestibility and to highlight feeding strategies and nutritional solutions to potentially mitigate some of the deleterious effects of HS on broiler chickens. The reduction of FI is one of the main behavioral changes induced by hot temperatures as birds attempt to limit heat production associated with the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients. Although the intensity and length of the heat period influences the type and magnitude of responses, reduced FI explains most of the performance degradation observed in HS broilers, while reduced nutrient digestibility appears to only explain a small proportion of impaired feed efficiency following HS. Targeted feeding strategies, including feed restriction and withdrawal, dual feeding, and wet feeding, have showed some promising results under hot temperatures, but these can be difficult to implement in intensive rearing systems. Concerning diet composition, feeding increased nutrient and energy diets can potentially compensate for decreased FI during HS. Indeed, high energy and high crude protein diets have both been shown to improve bird performance under HS conditions. Specifically, positive results may be obtained with increased added fat concentrations since lipids have a lower thermogenic effect compared to proteins and carbohydrates. Moreover, increased supplementation of some essential amino acids can help support increased amino acid requirements for maintenance functions caused by HS. Further research to better characterize and advance these nutritional strategies will help establish economically viable solutions to enhance productivity, health, welfare, and meat quality of broilers facing HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Rémi Teyssier
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Giorgio Brugaletta
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Sirri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sami Dridi
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Samuel J. Rochell
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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16
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Suwanvichanee C, Sinpru P, Promkhun K, Kubota S, Riou C, Molee W, Yongsawatdigul J, Thumanu K, Molee A. Effects of β-alanine and L-histidine supplementation on carnosine contents in and quality and secondary structure of proteins in slow-growing Korat chicken meat. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101776. [PMID: 35303689 PMCID: PMC8927833 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine enrichment of slow-growing Korat chicken (KRC) meat helps differentiate KRC from mainstream chicken. We aimed to investigate the effects of β-alanine and L-histidine supplementation on the carnosine synthesis in and quality and secondary structure of proteins in slow-growing KRC meat. Four hundred 21-day-old female KRC were used, and a completely randomized design was applied. The chickens were divided into 4 experimental groups: basal diet (A), basal diet supplemented with 1.0% β-alanine (B), 0.5% L-histidine (C), and 1.0% β-alanine combined with 0.5% L-histidine (D). Each group consisted of 5 replicates (20 chickens per replicate). On d 70, 2 chickens per replicate were slaughtered, and the levels of carnosine, anserine, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were analyzed. Biochemical changes were monitored using synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy; 5 chickens per replicate were slaughtered, and the meat quality was analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and principal component analysis (PCA). Group D chickens exhibited the highest carnosine meat content, followed by those in groups B and C. However, amino acid supplementation did not affect anserine content and growth performance. Higher carnosine levels correlated with increasing pH45 min and decreasing drip loss, cooking loss, shear force, and lipid oxidation. PCA revealed that supplementation with only β-alanine or L-histidine was related to increased content of β-sheets, β-turns, and aliphatic bending groups and decreased content of α-helix groups. This study is the first to report such findings in slow-growing chicken. Our findings suggest that KRC can synthesize the highest carnosine levels after both β-alanine and L-histidine supplementation. Higher carnosine contents do not adversely affect meat quality, improve meat texture, and alter the secondary structures of proteins. The molecular mechanism underlying carnosine synthesis in chickens needs further study to better understand and reveal markers that facilitate the development of nutrient selection programs.
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Biswal J, Vijayalakshmy K, T. K B, Rahman H. Impact of heat stress on poultry production. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2022.2003168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsnarani Biswal
- South Asia Regional Office, International Livestock Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Kennady Vijayalakshmy
- South Asia Regional Office, International Livestock Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhattacharya T. K
- Molecular Genetics, ICAR – Directorate of Poultry Research (DPR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Habibar Rahman
- South Asia Regional Office, International Livestock Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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18
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Incharoen T, Roytrakul S, Likittrakulwong W. Dietary Germinated Paddy Rice and Stocking Density Affect Egg Performance, Serum Biochemical Properties, and Proteomic and Transcriptomic Response of Laying Hens Exposed to Chronic Heat Stress. Proteomes 2021; 9:48. [PMID: 34941813 PMCID: PMC8708272 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Germinated paddy rice (GPR) could be a good alternative feed source for poultry with stocking density and heat stress problems. A total of 72 Hy-line Brown laying hens raised under low (LSD, 0.12 m2/bird) and high stocking densities (HSD, 0.06 m2/bird) were investigated. Three dietary GPR levels (0, 74 and 148 g/kg) were used. It was found that average daily feed intake, hen-day egg production, and egg mass significantly decreased in the HSD group. The levels of serum glucose (GLU), phosphorous (P), corticosterone (CORT), total Ig, lysozyme (LZY), and superoxide dismutase activities (SOD) in the HSD group were higher than those in the LSD group. Dietary GPR significantly affected GLU, P, alternative complement haemolytic 50 (ACH50), total Ig, and LZY. Moreover, CORT level significantly decreased in 74 and 148 g/kg dietary GPR groups, whereas SOD significantly increased only in the 148 g/kg dietary GPR group. Serum samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and 8607 proteins were identified. Proteome analysis revealed 19 proteins which were enriched in different stocking densities and dietary GPR levels. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR technique was successfully used to verify the differentiated abundant protein profile changes. The proteins identified in this study could serve as appropriate biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tossaporn Incharoen
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resource and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12100, Thailand;
| | - Wirot Likittrakulwong
- Animal Science Program, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Technology, Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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Oxidative Stability, Carcass Traits, and Muscle Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Profiles in Heat-Stressed Broiler Chickens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111725. [PMID: 34829596 PMCID: PMC8614828 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to elucidate the effects of chronic heat stress on carcass traits, muscle oxidative stability, muscle fatty acids and amino acid profiles in broiler chickens. A total of 100-day-old male Ross broiler chicks were divided into two equal groups of five replicates. The control group (TN) was maintained on a thermoneutral condition, while the experimental group (HS) was subjected to 8 h of heat stress (34 °C). The HS group showed lower dressing percentage and breast yield compared with the TN group (p = 0.040 and 0.042, respectively). Meanwhile, heat stress significantly increased the percentage of abdominal fat in broiler chickens (p = 0.001). The HS group showed significantly lower levels of PUFA (linoleic, docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic) in the breast (p = 0.003, 0.002 and 0.001, respectively) and thigh (p = 0.001, 0.009 and 0.003, respectively) muscles than did the TN group. The levels of α-lenolinec acid in the breast and thigh muscles did not differ between both experimental groups (p = 0.818 and 0.060, respectively). With exception of threonine, tyrosine and phenylalanine, the levels of essential AA in the breast muscles were significantly (p ˂ 0.05) reduced in the HS group. The HS group showed significantly higher concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the breast muscles (p = 0.032). Meanwhile, the concentration of MDA in the thigh muscles did not differ between both experimental groups (p = 0.149). Furthermore, the HS group showed significantly lower superoxide dismutase and catalase in heart tissues (p = 0.005 and 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, chronic thermal stress deteriorates carcass yield and the oxidative stability of breast muscles, as well as the levels of PUFA and essential AA in broiler chickens. However, the oxidative stability of thigh muscles was not affected.
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20
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Cantet JM, Yu Z, Ríus AG. Heat Stress-Mediated Activation of Immune-Inflammatory Pathways. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111285. [PMID: 34827223 PMCID: PMC8615052 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological changes in animals exposed to elevated ambient temperature are characterized by the redistribution of blood toward the periphery to dissipate heat, with a consequent decline in blood flow and oxygen and nutrient supply to splanchnic tissues. Metabolic adaptations and gut dysfunction lead to oxidative stress, translocation of lumen contents, and release of proinflammatory mediators, activating a systemic inflammatory response. This review discusses the activation and development of the inflammatory response in heat-stressed models.
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21
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Soares KO, Oliveira CJBD, Rodrigues AE, Vasconcelos PC, Silva NMVD, Cunha Filho OGD, Madden C, Hale VL. Tetracycline Exposure Alters Key Gut Microbiota in Africanized Honey Bees (Apis mellifera scutellata x spp.). Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.716660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey bees play a critical role in ecosystem health, biodiversity maintenance, and crop yield. Antimicrobials, such as tetracyclines, are used widely in agriculture, medicine, and in bee keeping, and bees can be directly or indirectly exposed to tetracycline residues in the environment. In European honey bees, tetracycline exposure has been linked with shifts in the gut microbiota that negatively impact bee health. However, the effects of antimicrobials on Africanized honey bee gut microbiota have not been examined. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of tetracycline exposure on the gut microbial community of Africanized honey bees (Apis mellifera scutellata x spp.), which are important pollinators in South, Central, and North America. Bees (n = 1,000) were collected from hives in Areia-PB, Northeastern Brazil, placed into plastic chambers and kept under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. The control group (CON) was fed daily with syrup (10 g) consisting of a 1:1 solution of demerara sugar and water, plus a solid protein diet (10 g) composed of 60% soy extract and 40% sugar syrup. The tetracycline group (TET) was fed identically but with the addition of tetracycline hydrochloride (450 μg/g) to the sugar syrup. Bees were sampled from each group before (day 0), and after tetracycline exposure (days 3, 6, and 9). Abdominal contents dissected out of each bee underwent DNA extraction and 16S rRNA sequencing (V3-V4) on an Illumina MiSeq. Sequences were filtered and processed through QIIME2 and DADA2. Microbial community composition and diversity and differentially abundant taxa were evaluated by treatment and time. Bee gut microbial composition (Jaccard) and diversity (Shannon) differed significantly and increasingly over time and between CON and TET groups. Tetracycline exposure was associated with decreased relative abundances of Bombella and Fructobacillus, along with decreases in key core microbiota such as Snodgrassella, Gilliamella, Rhizobiaceae, and Apibacter. These microbes are critical for nutrient metabolism and pathogen defense, and it is possible that decreased abundances of these microbes could negatively affect bee health. Considering the global ecological and economic importance of honey bees as pollinators, it is critical to understand the effects of agrochemicals including antimicrobials on honey bees.
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Adeyemi K, Balogun M, Babalola O, Salihu T, Sanusi L, Ore Z, Olagoke F. Dietary supplementation of Solanum aethiopicum and Solanecio biafrae leaves alters stress and immune responses, antioxidant status, and meat quality in broilers raised in a hot-dry environment. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:82-90. [PMID: 34402340 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1963675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. This study investigated the influence of dietary supplementation of Solanum aethiopicum and Solanecio biafrae leaves, which have nutraceutical properties, on stress response, cytokine expression, antioxidant status, blood chemistry, abdominal fat and meat quality in broilers reared in a hot, dry environment.2. One day old, Ross 308 chicks (n = 350) were randomly allotted to basal diets containing either no supplement (D1); 2.5 g/kg Solanum aethiopicum leaf (SAL; D2); 5 g/kg SAL (D3); 2.5 g/kg Solanecio biafrae leaf (SBL; D4); or 5 g/kg SBL (D5) for 42 d. Birds were reared at 34 ± 2°C and 40-50% relative humidity for 6 h/d from 22-42 d. Each dietary group was replicated in seven pens containing 10 chicks.3. In the period 1-21 d, body weight gain, feed efficiency and feed intake were not influenced by diet. At 22-42 and 1-42 d, birds supplemented with SAL and SBL had higher (P < 0.05) body weight gain and feed efficiency than the D1 birds. Cloaca temperature, carcase cuts and relative organ weight did not differ between diets. The D3 birds had higher (P < 0.05) erythrocytes and haemoglobin compared with other birds. Dietary supplements reduced (P < 0.05) mortality, abdominal fat, serum total cholesterol, corticosterone, glucose and blood aspartate aminotransferase levels.4. The treatments up-regulated (P < 0.05) splenic intelukin-10, and down-regulated (P < 0.05) tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β genes. A dose-dependent improvement (P < 0.05) in antioxidant enzyme activities and total antioxidant capacity of serum and breast muscle were found in the supplemented birds. The breast meat of the supplemented birds had lower (P < 0.05) carbonyl and malondialdehyde contents, and higher (P < 0.05) water holding capacity and redness compared with the non-supplemented meat.5. These results illustrated that supplementation with either 5 g/kg SAL or 5 g/kg SBL attenuated the deleterious effects of heat stress in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Adeyemi
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - M Balogun
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - O Babalola
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - T Salihu
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - L Sanusi
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Z Ore
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - F Olagoke
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Kim DY, Kim JH, Choi WJ, Han GP, Kil DY. Comparative effects of dietary functional nutrients on growth performance, meat quality, immune responses, and stress biomarkers in broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions. Anim Biosci 2021; 34:1839-1848. [PMID: 34445851 PMCID: PMC8563245 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of the present study was to investigate the comparative effects of dietary functional nutrients including glutamine (Gln), chromium picolinate (Cr picolinate), vitamin C (Vit C), betaine (Bet), and taurine (Tau) on growth performance, meat quality, immune responses, and stress biomarkers in broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions. Methods A total of 420 21-d-old Ross 308 male broiler chickens (initial body weight = 866±61.9 g) were randomly allotted to 1 of 7 treatment groups with 6 replicates. One group was kept under thermoneutral conditions and was fed a basal diet (PC, positive control). Other 6 groups were exposed to a cyclic heat stress condition. One of the 6 groups was fed the basal diet (NC, negative control), whereas 5 other groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% Gln, 500 ppb Cr picolinate, 250 mg/kg Vit C, 0.2% Bet, or 1.0% Tau. The diets and water were provided ad libitum for 21 d. Results Broiler chickens in NC group had decreased (p<0.05) growth performance and immune responses measured based on cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH), but increased (p<0.05) stress responses measured based on feather corticosterone concentrations and blood heterophil:lymphocyte than those in PC group. However, none of dietary functional nutrients had a positive effect on growth performance of broiler chickens. Dietary supplementation of 250 mg/kg Vit C improved (p<0.05) CBH responses of broiler chickens, but other functional nutrients had no such an improvement in CBH responses. All functional nutrients decreased (p<0.05) stress responses of broiler chickens. Conclusion Functional nutrients including Gln, Cr picolinate, Vit C, Bet, and Tau at the supplemental levels used in this study decrease stress responses of broiler chickens to a relatively similar extent. However, this reduction in stress responses could not fully ameliorate decreased productive performance of broiler chickens raised under the current heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deok Yun Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Jong Hyuk Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Won Jun Choi
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Gi Ppeum Han
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Dong Yong Kil
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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24
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Attia YA, Al-Harthi MA, Hassan SS. Responses of broiler chicken to different oil levels within constant energy levels from 20 to 40 days of age under hot weather conditions. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1906169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef A. Attia
- Agriculture Department, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Al-Harthi
- Agriculture Department, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saber Sh. Hassan
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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Abdel-Moneim AME, Shehata AM, Khidr RE, Paswan VK, Ibrahim NS, El-Ghoul AA, Aldhumri SA, Gabr SA, Mesalam NM, Elbaz AM, Elsayed MA, Wakwak MM, Ebeid TA. Nutritional manipulation to combat heat stress in poultry - A comprehensive review. J Therm Biol 2021; 98:102915. [PMID: 34016342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Global warming and climate change adversely affect livestock and poultry production sectors under tropical and subtropical conditions. Heat stress is amongst the most significant stressors influencing poultry productivity in hot climate regions, causing substantial economic losses in poultry industry. These economic losses are speculated to increase in the coming years with the rise of global temperature. Moreover, modern poultry strains are more susceptible to high ambient temperature. Heat stress has negative effects on physiological response, growth performance and laying performance, which appeared in the form of reducing feed consumption, body weight gain, egg production, feed efficiency, meat quality, egg quality and immune response. Numerous practical procedures were used to ameliorate the negative impacts of increased temperature; among them the dietary manipulation, which gains a great concern in different regions around the world. These nutritional manipulations are feed additives (natural antioxidants, minerals, electrolytes, phytobiotics, probiotics, fat, and protein), feed restriction, feed form, drinking cold water and others. However, in the large scale of poultry industry, only a few of these strategies are commonly used. The current review article deliberates the different practical applications of useful nutritional manipulations to mitigate the heat load in poultry. The documented information will be useful to poultry producers to improve the general health status and productivity of heat-stressed birds via enhancing stress tolerance, oxidative status and immune response, and thereby provide recommendations to minimize production losses due to heat stress in particular under the growing global warming crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt.
| | - Abdelrazeq M Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | | | - Vinod K Paswan
- Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Nashaat S Ibrahim
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt
| | - Abdelkawy A El-Ghoul
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Sami Ali Aldhumri
- Department of Biology, Khurmah University College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah A Gabr
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt; Department of Biology, Khurmah University College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura M Mesalam
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A Elsayed
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt
| | - Magda M Wakwak
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt
| | - Tarek A Ebeid
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt; Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Kumar M, Ratwan P, Dahiya SP, Nehra AK. Climate change and heat stress: Impact on production, reproduction and growth performance of poultry and its mitigation using genetic strategies. J Therm Biol 2021; 97:102867. [PMID: 33863431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress is an important environmental determinant which adversely affects the performance of poultry worldwide. The present communication reviews the impact of heat stress on production, reproduction and growth performance of poultry, and its alleviation using genetic strategies. The adverse effects of high environmental temperature on poultry include decrease in growth rate, body weight, egg production, egg weight, egg quality, meat quality, semen quality, fertility and hatchability, which cause vast financial losses to the poultry industry. High ambient temperature has an antagonistic effect on performance traits of the poultry. Thus, selection of birds for high performance has increased their susceptibility to heat stress. Additionally, heat burden during transportation of birds from one place to another leads to reduced meat quality, increased mortality and welfare issues. Molecular markers are being explored nowadays to recognize the potential candidate genes related to production, reproduction and growth traits for selecting poultry birds to enhance thermo-tolerance and resistance against diseases. In conclusion, there is a critical need of formulating selection strategies based on genetic markers and exploring more genes in addition to HSP25, 70, 90, H1, RB1CC, BAG3, PDK, ID1, Na, F, dw and K responsible for thermoregulation, to improve the overall performance of poultry along with their ability to tolerate heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Livestock Farm Complex, LUVAS, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India.
| | - Poonam Ratwan
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, LUVAS, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India.
| | - S P Dahiya
- Department of Livestock Farm Complex, LUVAS, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India.
| | - Anil Kumar Nehra
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, LUVAS, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India.
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Abuoghaba AAK, Ezzat W, Rizk AM, Qurtam AA, El-Sayed OA. Egg production, fertility, hatchability and immune responses of some chicken strains under high ambient temperatures. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 105:725-730. [PMID: 33387365 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was designed to investigate and compare the egg production, fertility, hatchability and immune responses of some local developed Egyptian chicken strains under high ambient temperatures. A total of 108 (26 weeks old) laying hens of Matrouh, Silver Montazah, Mandarah and Inshas (9 hens × 3 replicates × 4 strains) were used to evaluate the impact of thermal stress (24-34ºC) during summer season (June, July and August) on egg production, fertility, hatchability and immune responses. The obtained results revealed that final body weight (FBW/g) and body weight change (BWC/g) among different chicken strains were not affected. The daily feed consumption (FC/g) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) for Silver Montazah and Inshas strains were significantly (p ≤ .05) higher than those of Matrouh and Mandarah strains. The mean egg production (EP/%) and egg mass (EM) for Silver Montazah and Inshas strains were significantly (p ≤ .05) higher than those of Matrouh and Mandarah strains. The highest percentages of hatchability of total eggs (HTE) and fertile eggs (HFE) were recorded in Inshas chickens, while the lowest value was recorded in Mandarah chickens. Also, the highest embryonic mortalities (p ≤ .05) and lowest chick weight at hatch (CWH/g) were recorded in Mandarah chickens compared with the other strains. The highest values for antibody titres against phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) were recorded in Mandarah chickens, while the least values were recorded in Inshas chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waheed Ezzat
- Poultry Breeding Res. Dep., Animal Prod. Res. Inst, Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Rizk
- Poultry Breeding Res. Dep., Animal Prod. Res. Inst, Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Ahmed Qurtam
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Abdullah El-Sayed
- Poultry Breeding Res. Dep., Animal Prod. Res. Inst, Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric, Giza, Egypt
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28
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Tilbrook AJ, Fisher AD. Stress, health and the welfare of laying hens. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/an19666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is essential to understand responses to stress and the impact of stress on physiological and behavioural functioning of hens, so as to assess their welfare. The current understanding of stress in laying hens is comprehensively reviewed here. Most research on stress in hens has focussed on the activity of the adrenal glands, with the most common approach being to measure corticosterone, which is the predominant glucocorticoid produced by birds in response to stress. While these measures are useful, there is a need to understand how the brain regulates stress responses in hens. A greater understanding of the sympathoadrenal system and its interaction with the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis is required. There is also a lack of knowledge about the many other peptides and regulatory systems involved in stress responses in hens. The usefulness of understanding stress in hens in terms of assessing welfare depends on appreciating that different stressors elicit different responses and that there are often differences in responses to, and impacts of, acute and chronic stress. It is also important to establish the actions and fate of stress hormones within target tissues. It is the consequences of these actions that are important to welfare. A range of other measures has been used to assess stress in hens, including a ratio of heterophils to lymphocytes and haematocrit:packed cell-volume ratio and measures of corticosterone or its metabolites in eggs, excreta, feathers and the secretions of the uropygial gland. Measures in eggs have proffered varying results while measures in feathers may be useful to assess chronic stress. There are various studies in laying hens to indicate impacts of stress on the immune system, health, metabolism, appetite, and the quality of egg production, but, generally, these are limited, variable and are influenced by the management system, environment, genetic selection, type of stressor and whether or not the birds are subjected to acute or chronic stress. Further research to understand the regulation of stress responses and the impact of stress on normal functioning of hens will provide important advances in the assessment of stress and, in turn, the assessment of welfare of laying hens.
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Li Y, Huang J, Zhou Y, Wu T, Ma P, Yuan C, Chen S, Hu Y. Structure-related differential proteins identification for sous-vide cooking hairtail ( Trichiurus lepturus) product. Food Funct 2020; 11:9960-9972. [PMID: 33112346 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00866d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Optimal heating parameters for sous-vide cooking hairtail (Trichiurus lepturus) were selected and the differential proteins related to texture change were clarified using proteomics. Heating under 68 °C for 20 min was chosen to be the desirable heating parameter. Texture profile analysis (TPA) showed the texture of hairtail changed more severely during heat-up process than heating preservation process. Most of the high-content proteins did not change much during heating preservation. 169 kinds of proteins were identified as differential expressed proteins. Actin cytoplasmic 1, myosin heavy chain 1 and myosin heavy chain were the most variable structural proteins during heat-up process, with the change fold of 32.4, 29.1 and 18.8, respectively, while the highest structure proteins changing fold during heat preservation process were 16.7, 4.7 and 3.9, respectively, much lower than that of heat-up process. The partial deformation of structure-related proteins under sous-vide cooking was a vital factor in reserving the texture of hairtail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Fouad AM, El-Senousey HK, Ruan D, Xia W, Chen W, Wang S, Zheng C. Nutritional modulation of fertility in male poultry. Poult Sci 2020; 99:5637-5646. [PMID: 33142481 PMCID: PMC7647795 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased consumption of protein derived from poultry demands greater poultry production, but increased poultry production (meat and eggs) is dependent on the fertility of the parent flocks. Clearly, the fertility of poultry flocks is associated with the fertility of both males and females, but the low numbers of males used for natural or artificial insemination mean that their role is more important. Thus, enhancing the semen volume, sperm concentration, viability, forward motility, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in sperm, as well as protecting against oxidative damage, could help to optimize the sperm membrane functionality, mitochondrial activity, and sperm-egg penetration, and thus fertility. Therefore, this review summarizes the nutritional factors that could improve the fertility of poultry males as well as their associated mechanisms to allow poultry producers to overcome low-fertility problems, especially in aging poultry males, thereby obtaining beneficial impacts on the poultry production industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohamed Fouad
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - HebatAllah Kasem El-Senousey
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Dong Ruan
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Weiguang Xia
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Chuntian Zheng
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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Shakeri M, Cottrell JJ, Wilkinson S, Le HH, Suleria HAR, Warner RD, Dunshea FR. A Dietary Sugarcane-Derived Polyphenol Mix Reduces the Negative Effects of Cyclic Heat Exposure on Growth Performance, Blood Gas Status, and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10071158. [PMID: 32650461 PMCID: PMC7401608 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Heat stress is a main reason of systemic oxidative stress, which compromises broiler meat production and quality. To improve the productivity of poultry meat production, studies have investigated different heat stress amelioration strategies. Among these strategies, low-cost feed supplementations are introduced to potentially reduce the negative effects of heat stress. Previous studies have also investigated the effects of different antioxidants on growth performance and meat quality, while a limited number of studies have been made regarding the impacts of the polyphenols at different doses. Polyphenols with antioxidant properties have positive effects against oxidative stress, and are naturally available in high amounts in plants, which makes them a novel feed supplementation for improving meat production as well as meat quality in heat-stressed broiler chickens. Therefore, this study attempted to investigate the effects of different doses of polyphenols supplementation on growth performance, physiological responses, and meat quality in broiler chickens exposed to cyclic heat stress. Abstract Heat stress (HS) compromises growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens by interrupting lipid and protein metabolism, resulting in increased oxidative damages. The experiment attempted to investigate whether dietary polyphenols (Polygain (POL)) could ameliorate the aforementioned adverse effects of HS on performance and meat quality. One hundred and twenty one day-old-male chicks were allocated to two temperature conditions, thermoneutral (TN) or HS, and fed with either a control diet (CON) or the CON plus four different doses of POL (2, 4, 6 and 10 g/kg). Heat stress caused respiratory alkalosis as evidenced by increased rectal temperature (p < 0.001) and respiration rate (p < 0.001) due to increased blood pH (p < 0.001). Heat stress decreased final body weight (p = 0.061) and breast muscle water content (p = 0.013) while POL improved both (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively). Heat stress amplified muscle damages, indicated by increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (p < 0.001) and reduced myofibril fragmentation index (p = 0.006) whereas POL improved both (p = 0.037 and p = 0.092, respectively). Heat stress impaired meat tenderness (p < 0.001) while POL improved it (p = 0.003). In conclusion, HS impaired growth performance and meat quality whereas POL ameliorated these responses in a dose-dependent manner, and effects of POL were evident under both temperature conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Shakeri
- Department of Medicine, The University of Washington, Seattle WA 98102, USA
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; (H.H.L.); (H.A.R.S.); (R.D.W.); (F.R.D.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (J.J.C.)
| | - Jeremy J. Cottrell
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; (H.H.L.); (H.A.R.S.); (R.D.W.); (F.R.D.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (J.J.C.)
| | | | - Hieu H. Le
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; (H.H.L.); (H.A.R.S.); (R.D.W.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Hafiz A. R. Suleria
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; (H.H.L.); (H.A.R.S.); (R.D.W.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Robyn D. Warner
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; (H.H.L.); (H.A.R.S.); (R.D.W.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; (H.H.L.); (H.A.R.S.); (R.D.W.); (F.R.D.)
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Growth Performance and Characterization of Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Supplemented with Betaine and Antioxidants under Cyclic Heat Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090336. [PMID: 31443527 PMCID: PMC6769705 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) causes oxidative stress, which compromises broiler performance and meat quality. The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary antioxidants could be used as an amelioration strategy. Seventy-two day-old-male Ross-308 chicks were exposed to either thermoneutral or cyclical heat stress conditions. Diets were either control commercial diet (CON), CON plus betaine (BET), or with a combination of betaine, selenized yeast, and vitamin E (BET + AOX). Heat stress increased the rectal temperature (p < 0.001), respiration rate (p < 0.001), decreased blood pCO2 (p = 0.002), and increased blood pH (p = 0.02), which indicated the HS broilers had respiratory alkalosis. Final body weight was decreased by HS (p < 0.001), whereas it was improved with BET (p = 0.05). Heat stress reduced cooking loss (p = 0.007) and no effect on drip loss, while BET decreased the drip loss (p = 0.01). Heat stress reduced the myofibril fragmentation index (p < 0.001) and increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (p < 0.001), while these were improved with the combination of BET + AOX (p = 0.003). In conclusion, BET overall improved growth rates and product quality in this small university study, whereas some additional benefits were provided by AOX on product quality in both TN and HS broilers.
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Abbas G, Ahmad F, Saeed M, Ayasan T, Mahmood A, Yasmeen R, Kamboh A. Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Sodium Bicarbonate on Digestibility of Nutrients and Immune Response in Caged Layers During the Summer. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Abbas
- Riphah College of Veterinary Sciences, Pakistan
| | - F Ahmad
- University of Agriculture, Pakistan
| | - M Saeed
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - T Ayasan
- East Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute, Turkey
| | - A Mahmood
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - R Yasmeen
- Lahore Garrison University, Pakistan
| | - A Kamboh
- Sindh Agriculture University, Pakistan
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Cramer TA, Kim HW, Chao Y, Wang W, Cheng HW, Kim YHB. Effects of probiotic (Bacillus subtilis) supplementation on meat quality characteristics of breast muscle from broilers exposed to chronic heat stress. Poult Sci 2018; 97:3358-3368. [PMID: 30137545 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of probiotic feeding and chronic heat stress on meat quality, total lipid and phospholipid contents, lipid oxidation, antioxidant capacity, and heat shock protein abundance of broiler breast muscle. A total of 240 male broilers (5 birds per pen) were subjected to 4 treatments consisting of a 2 × 2 factorial design. Broilers were kept at 21-32-21°C for 10 h daily (heat stress, HS) or 21°C (thermoneutral condition) and fed a regular diet or the diet mixed with probiotic (250 ppm of Sporulin containing 3 strains of Bacillus subtilis). A total of 48 broilers (12 birds/treatment) were harvested at 46 d. Neither HS nor probiotic had substantial impacts on water-holding capacity, shear force, and color characteristics. HS induced lipid oxidation as increased 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), in which probiotic feeding decreased TBARS value (P = 0.002) and phospholipid contents (P = 0.0033) in breast muscle of HS broilers. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was increased with HS (P < 0.0001), but no significant impact of probiotic supplementation was found. Neither probiotic nor HS affected catalase activity, but superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were lower in HS broilers compared to thermoneutral controls (P < 0.0001) and in probiotics-fed broilers (P < 0.0001) compared to their counterparts. In addition, a significant interaction between probiotic and HS was found at glutathione peroxidase activities, in which breast muscle of broilers fed probiotic at thermoneutral condition showed the highest activity (P < 0.05). Regarding heat shock protein (HSP) determination, HS slightly increased the levels of both HSP70 (P = 0.08) and HSP27 (P = 0.05), but no significant impacts of probiotic supplementation were found. Our results indicate that probiotic feeding could improve breast muscle weight without adverse impacts on meat quality attributes, as well as alleviate oxidative deterioration of breast muscle of broilers undergoing heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Cramer
- Meat Science and Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - H W Kim
- Meat Science and Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, South Korea
| | - Y Chao
- Meat Science and Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - W Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - H W Cheng
- Livestock Behavior Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Y H B Kim
- Meat Science and Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Almeida EA, Sant'Anna AC, Crowe TG, Macari M, Furlan RL. Poultry rearing on perforated plastic floors and the effect on air quality, growth performance, and carcass injuries - Experiment 2: Heat stress situation. Poult Sci 2018. [PMID: 29534209 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported the effect of rearing conditions (plastic floors and air quality) on carcass injury development of broiler chickens at thermal comfort. In this study, the same rearing conditions were tested at thermal stress. The birds were reared in 2 climatic chambers, and the experiment followed a completely randomized design with one factor, flooring material: wood shaving or perforated plastic. The birds were divided into 16 experimental pens, being 8 females and 8 males. The studied parameters were the same as the previous study (ammonia concentration, carbon dioxide, performance, carcass yield, and variability, and scores of hygiene, gait and chest, and hocks and footpad lesions). Higher ammonia (15 ppm vs. 4 ppm) and carbon dioxide (1,000 ppm vs. 850 ppm) concentration was seen at d 42 for the wood shavings floor as compared to the perforated plastic floor, respectively. Regarding gender, males had better performance than females at 42 d of age on both floor types. Males reared on wood shavings showed a higher meat production (29.049 kg/m2) than females (24.700 kg/m2). There were observed breast lesion incidences of 10.4% (score 1) in males reared on the plastic floor, as well higher incidence of hock injury and footpad dermatitis. Chickens reared on plastic flooring showed better hygiene than chickens reared on wood shavings. Our findings revealed that the use of perforated plastic flooring in a heat stress situation can improve the air quality (less CO2 and NH3 concentration) and bird cleanliness. On the other hand, chickens are more susceptible to develop lesions in the breast, hock, and footpad. We conclude that the use of plastic flooring in heat stress conditions needs more attention, since chickens are more susceptible to develop lesions on the carcass, being a source of pain, impairing bird wellbeing and causing losses in meat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Almeida
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, São Paulo State University, 14884-900 - Jaboticabal-SP
| | - A C Sant'Anna
- Biological Sciences Institute - Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900 - Juiz de Fora-MG - Brazil
| | - T G Crowe
- College of Engineering - University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon - Canada
| | - M Macari
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, São Paulo State University, 14884-900 - Jaboticabal-SP
| | - R L Furlan
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, São Paulo State University, 14884-900 - Jaboticabal-SP
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El-Senousey HK, Chen B, Wang JY, Atta AM, Mohamed FR, Nie QH. Effects of dietary vitamin C, vitamin E, and alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on the antioxidant defense system and immune-related gene expression in broilers exposed to oxidative stress by dexamethasone. Poult Sci 2018; 97:30-38. [PMID: 29077914 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C, vitamin E, and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) are potent nutritional antioxidants, which are important for enhancing immunity. This study compared the effects of supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E, or ALA on the antioxidant defense system and the expression of immune-related genes under oxidative stress induced by dexamethasone (DEX) in broilers. In total, 240 one-day-old female Recessive White Rock chickens were assigned randomly to either a basal diet (control group) or basal diet supplemented with vitamin C (200 mg/kg diet), vitamin E (100 mg/kg), or ALA (500 mg/kg) for 28 d starting from hatching. At 21 d of age, birds fed the ALA-supplemented diet had the highest plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) enzyme activities, and the lowest plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) activity, as well as the lowest mRNA gene expression levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factor (LITAF). At 23 d of age, the broilers in the 3 treatment groups were injected in the thigh muscle with DEX for 3 alternating days. In addition, the control group was divided into 2 equal groups, in which one was injected with saline and the other was injected with DEX. At 28 d of age, the DEX-ALA group (P < 0.05) had the highest activity levels for T-AOC, T-SOD, and GSH-PX in the plasma and liver (P < 0.05), and the greatest reduction in the MDA level. Dietary ALA significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of the interleukin 1 β (IL-1β), IL-6, IFN-γ, and LITAF genes compared with the other groups during oxidative stress by DEX. In conclusion, this study suggests that in broilers, ALA is more effective for normalizing the oxidative stress induced by DEX than vitamin C or vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K El-Senousey
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - B Chen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - J Y Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - A M Atta
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - F R Mohamed
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Q H Nie
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
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Mohammed A, Jacobs J, Murugesan G, Cheng H. Effect of dietary synbiotic supplement on behavioral patterns and growth performance of broiler chickens reared under heat stress. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1101-1108. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Abd El-Hack ME, Alagawany M, Noreldin AE. Managerial and Nutritional Trends to Mitigate Heat Stress Risks in Poultry Farms. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/698_2018_290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Kim HW, Cramer T, Ogbeifun OOE, Seo JK, Yan F, Cheng HW, Kim YHB. Breast Meat Quality and Protein Functionality of Broilers with Different Probiotic Levels and Cyclic Heat Challenge Exposure. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb2017.01.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the effect of probiotic feeding level on meat quality and protein functionality of breast muscle from chickens exposed to cyclic heat challenge. A total of 180 one-d-old male chicks were randomly allocated in 36 floor pens. From Day 15, the birds were exposed to 32°C for 10 h daily until the end of the experiment (Day 46). Three dietary treatments containing different levels of probiotic (a mixture of 4 lactic acid bacteria, 5.0 × 109 cfu/g) were prepared; regular diet without probiotic (control), regular diet with 0.5 g of probiotic/kg feed (probiotic 0.5) and regular diet with 1.0 g of probiotic/kg feed (probiotic 1). Both breast muscles (M. pectoralis major) were collected at 24 h postmortem, and the same side breast muscle was assigned to each experiment 1 (meat quality analysis, n = 6) and 2 (protein functionality analysis, n = 3). Probiotic feeding level did not affect initial pH and temperature declines (P > 0.05) of breast muscle until 6 h postmortem. However, the breast muscles from probiotic 1 group (5.92) showed a significantly higher ultimate pH than those from control (5.78) or probiotic 0.5 (5.82) groups at 24 h postmortem. No differences in chemical composition (moisture, protein, fat, ash, and phospholipids), water-holding capacity (cooking loss and display weight loss), shear force, and lipid oxidation stability were found in breast muscles from chickens exposed to cyclic heat challenge, regardless of probiotic levels (P > 0.05). An increase in probiotic level increased total protein solubility (P = 0.0004) and emulsion activity index of sarcoplasmic protein (P = 0.0032) of ground chicken breast. The results from the current study suggest that the supplementation of this commercial probiotic product could partially improve protein functionality of breast muscles from chickens exposed to cyclic heat challenge, in a dose-dependent manner within the applied level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Wook Kim
- Purdue University Meat Science and Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences
| | - Traci Cramer
- Purdue University Meat Science and Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences
| | | | - Jin-Kyu Seo
- Purdue University Meat Science and Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences
| | - Feifei Yan
- Purdue University Department of Animal Sciences
| | - Heng-Wei Cheng
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Livestock Behavior Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service
| | - Yuan H. Brad Kim
- Purdue University Meat Science and Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences
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Aleena J, Pragna P, Archana P, Sejian V, Bagath M, Krishnan G, Manimaran A, Beena V, Kurien E, Varma G, Bhatta R. Significance of Metabolic Response in Livestock for Adapting to
Heat Stress Challenges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ajas.2016.224.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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