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Narra F, Piragine E, Benedetti G, Ceccanti C, Florio M, Spezzini J, Troisi F, Giovannoni R, Martelli A, Guidi L. Impact of thermal processing on polyphenols, carotenoids, glucosinolates, and ascorbic acid in fruit and vegetables and their cardiovascular benefits. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024:e13426. [PMID: 39169551 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds in fruit and vegetables have a positive impact on human health by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular (CV) diseases, and metabolic disorders. However, some fruit and vegetables must be heated before consumption and thermal processes can modify the amount of nutraceuticals, that is, polyphenols, carotenoids, glucosinolates, and ascorbic acid, that can increase or decrease in relation to different factors such as type of processing, temperature, and time but also the plant part (e.g., flower, leaf, tuber, and root) utilized as food. Another important aspect is related to the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of nutraceuticals. Indeed, the key stage of nutraceutical bioefficiency is oral bioavailability, which involves the release of nutraceuticals from fruit and vegetables in gastrointestinal fluids, the solubilization of nutraceuticals and their interaction with other components of gastrointestinal fluids, the absorption of nutraceuticals by the epithelial layer, and the chemical and biochemical transformations into epithelial cells. Several studies have shown that thermal processing can enhance the absorption of nutraceuticals from fruit and vegetable. Once absorbed, they reach the blood vessels and promote multiple biological effects (e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, vasoprotective, and cardioprotective). In this review, we described the impact of different thermal processes (such as boiling, steaming and superheated steaming, blanching, and microwaving) on the retention/degradation of bioactive compounds and their health-promoting effects after the intake. We then summarized the impact of heating on the absorption of nutraceuticals and the biological effects promoted by natural compounds in the CV system to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential impact of thermal processing on the CV benefits of fruit and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Narra
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eugenia Piragine
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Costanza Ceccanti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marta Florio
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Giovannoni
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alma Martelli
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Guidi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Gonzalez JT. Are all sugars equal? Role of the food source in physiological responses to sugars with an emphasis on fruit and fruit juice. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:1435-1451. [PMID: 38492022 PMCID: PMC11329689 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03365-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
High (free) sugar intakes can increase self-reported energy intake and are associated with unfavourable cardiometabolic health. However, sugar source may modulate the effects of sugars due to several mechanisms including the food matrix. The aim of this review was to assess the current state of evidence in relation to food source effects on the physiological responses to dietary sugars in humans relevant to cardiometabolic health. An additional aim was to review potential mechanisms by which food sources may influence such responses. Evidence from meta-analyses of controlled intervention trials was used to establish the balance of evidence relating to the addition of sugars to the diet from sugar-sweetened beverages, fruit juice, honey and whole fruit on cardiometabolic outcomes. Subsequently, studies which have directly compared whole fruit with fruit juices, or variants of fruit juices, were discussed. In summary, the sources of sugars can impact physiological responses, with differences in glycaemic control, blood pressure, inflammation, and acute appetite. Longer-term effects and mechanisms require further work, but initial evidence implicates physical structure, energy density, fibre, potassium and polyphenol content, as explanations for some of the observed responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier T Gonzalez
- Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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Heidari Z, Farahmandpour F, Bazyar H, Pashayee-Khamene F. Effects of Hesperidin Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Markers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae084. [PMID: 39038797 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Hesperidin is a naturally occurring bioactive compound that may influence cardiometabolic markers, but the existing evidence is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE This study aims to further investigate the effects of hesperidin supplementation on cardiometabolic markers in adults. DATA SOURCES A comprehensive search was conducted up to August 2023, utilizing relevant key words in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). DATA EXTRACTION RCTs that examined the impact of hesperidin on fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were selected independently by 2 authors. The GRADE assessment was used to ascertain the certainty of the evidence. Results were pooled using a random-effects model as weighted mean differences and 95% CIs. DATA ANALYSIS The results of this study demonstrate that hesperidin supplementation had a significant impact on reducing FBS, TG, TC, LDL-C, SBP, and TNF-α. However, there was no significant effect observed on insulin, HOMA-IR, QUICKI, HDL-C, DBP, and hs-CRP. The study's subgroup analyses also revealed that interventions lasting more than 12 weeks were effective in reducing FBS, TG, TC, and LDL-C. Moreover, hesperidin dosage exceeding 500 mg/day showed significance in reducing FBS, TC, and LDL-C levels. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this research suggests that hesperidin can be consumed as an effective dietary approach to enhance cardiometabolic markers. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022325775.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Heidari
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, 6135715794, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farahmandpour
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, 6135715794, Iran
| | - Hadi Bazyar
- Department of Public Health, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, 7816916338, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, 7816916338, Iran
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Gao H, Chen F, Wang S. Hesperidin reduces systolic blood pressure in diabetic patients and has no effect on blood pressure in healthy individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3706-3719. [PMID: 38772688 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there have been a number of studies where hesperidin was administered to modify arterial blood pressure, but the conclusions of each study are contradictory. In order to investigate the effect of hesperidin on blood pressure, we searched the CNKI, Wanfang Database, the VIP database, Sinomed database, Pubmed, Embase and The Cochrane Library databases, and searched the literature on hesperidin and blood pressure published in Chinese and English journals, mainly focusing on patients' systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. The search time frame was from the inception of the databases until December 2023. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the overall quality and used Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) to measure agreement. We did preliminary screening of the retrieved literature through Notexpress, 14 articles with a total of 656 patients were included. Cochrance data conversion tool was used for data conversion, and RevMan 5.3 was used for meta-analysis, and finally Stata was used to make the Egger's test for the included study. The results of total population blood pressure showed that hesperidin had no antihypertensive effect on the population, but the conclusions changed when the population was divided into groups. The results of different populations showed that hesperidin had no effect on systolic blood pressure (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -0.50, 95% CI: -3.25 ~ 2.26, Z = 0.35, p = 0.72) and diastolic blood pressure (WMD = -0.51, 95% CI: -2.53 ~ 1.51, Z = 0.50, p = 0.62) in healthy individuals. However, hesperidin reduced systolic blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes (WMD = -4.32, 95% CI: - 7.77 ~ - 0.87, Z = 2.45, p = 0.01), and had a tendency to reduce diastolic blood pressure in diabetic patients (WMD = -3.72, 95% CI: -7.63 ~ 0.18, Z = 1.87, p = 0.06). The results in patients with type 2 diabetes needed to be further supported by future research focusing on individuals with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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Kwiatkowska A, Borejsza-Wysocki M, Głyda M, Pietrzak AM, Szczepkowski M, Organ A, Banasiewicz T. The influence of supportive therapy with a six-component myophlebotropic preparation on the reduction of symptoms in patients with symptoms of hemorrhoidal disease. POLISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2024; 96:1-8. [PMID: 38940246 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.6443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
<b>Introduction:</b> Hemorrhoidal disease is the most common disease treated in proctology ambulatories. Conservative treatment is the basic form of treatment for this disease. One of the elements of treatment may be preparations with myoand phlebotropic effects.<b>Aim:</b> To assess the effect of a multi-ingredient myophlebotropic dietary supplement used as an adjunct on the rate and effectiveness of symptom relief in patients with stage II and III hemorrhoidal disease.<b>Material and method:</b> Patients with stage II and III hemorrhoidal disease with clinical symptoms such as pain, burning, itching and bleeding were qualified for the study. The patients were divided into two groups. The control group (Group I) of 29 patients receiving standard local treatment plus placebo and the study group (Group II) of 32 patients receiving the same local treatment and a six-component myophlebotropic product. Symptoms were analyzed at the time of inclusion in the study (day 0), after 4 and 10 days of therapy. The severity of hemorrhoidal disease and the feeling of relief were assessed on the day of inclusion (W0) and after 30 days of therapy.<b>Results:</b> There were no statistical differences between the groups in terms of disease advancement, age, gender, and duration of symptoms. Compared to the moment of inclusion in the study (W0), after 4 days (W1), after 10 days (W2) of taking the multi- -component product, there was a statistically significant improvement in the VAS scale: spontaneous pain and pain during defecation. In the qualitative assessment (yes/no), there were statistically significantly fewer cases of burning in the anus and itching. The treatment did not affect the rate of spontaneous bleeding, which was low at the beginning of the study, but significantly reduced the rate of bleeding during defecation. After 30 days of observation, it was found that the improvement in the severity of hemorrhoidal disease symptoms was significantly higher in the group using the tested preparation. Relief after a month of the study (one-question method) was noted in the group of patients receiving the tested product.<b>Conclusions:</b> The tested six-component myophlebotropic product proved to be effective in reducing the severity of symptoms such as spontaneous pain, pain during defecation, burning/burning in the anus and bleeding during defecation. Statistical significance was demonstrated in the symptom's relief and reduction in the severity of hemorrhoidal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kwiatkowska
- Department of Clinical General Surgery, Endocrine Surgery, and Gastroenterological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Maciej Borejsza-Wysocki
- Department of Clinical General Surgery, Endocrine Surgery, and Gastroenterological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Michał Głyda
- Department of Clinical General Surgery, Endocrine Surgery, and Gastroenterological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Anna Maria Pietrzak
- 2nd Department of Gastroenterology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland, Department of Gastroenterology, Bielanski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Szczepkowski
- Department of Colorectal, General and Oncological Surgery, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education in Warsaw, Bielański Hospital in Warsaw
| | - Andrzej Organ
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, St. Padre Pio Provincial Hospital in Przemysl, Poland
| | - Tomasz Banasiewicz
- Department of Clinical General Surgery, Endocrine Surgery, and Gastroenterological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
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Rossi I, Mignogna C, Del Rio D, Mena P. Health effects of 100% fruit and vegetable juices: evidence from human subject intervention studies. Nutr Res Rev 2024; 37:194-238. [PMID: 37655747 DOI: 10.1017/s095442242300015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The health effects of 100% fruit and vegetable juices (FVJ) represent a controversial topic. FVJ contain notable amounts of free sugars, but also vitamins, minerals, and secondary compounds with proven biological activities like (poly)phenols and carotenoids. The review aimed to shed light on the potential impact of 100% FVJ on human subject health, comprehensively assessing the role each type of juice may have in specific health outcomes for a particular target population, as reported in dietary interventions. The effects of a wide range of FVJ (orange, grapefruit, mandarin, lemon, apple, white, red, and Concord grapes, pomegranate, cranberry, chokeberry, blueberry, other minor berries, sweet and tart cherry, plum, tomato, carrot, beetroot, and watermelon, among others) were evaluated on a series of outcomes (anthropometric parameters, body composition, blood pressure and vascular function, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, cognitive function, exercise performance, gut microbiota composition and bacterial infections), providing a thorough picture of the contribution of each FVJ to a health outcome. Some juices demonstrated their ability to exert potential preventive effects on some outcomes while others on other health outcomes, emphasising how the differential composition in bioactive compounds defines juice effects. Research gaps and future prospects were discussed. Although 100% FVJ appear to have beneficial effects on some cardiometabolic health outcomes, cognition and exercise performance, or neutral effects on anthropometric parameters and body composition, further efforts are needed to better understand the impact of 100% FVJ on human subject health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rossi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiana Mignogna
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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7
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Shylaja H, Viswanatha GL, Sunil V, Hussain SM, Farhana SA. Effect of hesperidin on blood pressure and lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2560-2571. [PMID: 38462779 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The cardioprotective activity of hesperidin has been well demonstrated in several clinical studies. Also, there is a meta-analysis published on this topic in 2019. However, considering the recently published clinical studies, there is a scope for performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of hesperidin to determine its beneficial effect in alleviating alterations in cardiovascular parameters. In this study, the literature search was performed using online databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar till April 2023 involving randomized controlled studies conducted on hesperidin against various cardiovascular disorders including metabolic disorders in healthy/diseased individuals compared to the placebo/control. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine clinical studies involving 2414 subjects were included. The meta-analysis revealed that hesperidin has significantly reduced the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (IV: -0.55 (-0.94 to -0.16) at 95% CI, p = 0.005, I2 = 70%), total cholesterol (TC) (IV: -61 (-0.82 to -0.41) at 95% CI, p < 0.00001, I2 = 69%), and triglycerides (TG) (IV: -0.21 (-0.40 to -0.02) at 95% CI, p = 0.03, I2 = 12%). However, there were no statistically significant changes in the systolic blood pressure (IV: -0.29 (-2.21 to 1.63) at 95% CI, p = 0.77, I2 = 60%), diastolic blood pressure (IV: 0.79 (-0.74 to 2.31) at 95% CI, p = 0.31, I2 = 49%), and high-density lipoprotein (IV: 0.04 (-0.25 to 0.34) at 95% CI, p = 0.78, I2 = 56%) in the hesperidin treatment compared to the placebo/control. In conclusion, the outcomes of this meta-analysis suggest that hesperidin administration could benefit patients with CVD by reducing LDL, TC, and TG. Further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of hesperidin for its benefits in treating cardiovascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shalam M Hussain
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Al-Rayan College of Health Sciences and Nursing, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syeda Ayesha Farhana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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Ruskovska T, Postolov F, Milenkovic D. Integrated Analysis of Genomic and Genome-Wide Association Studies Identified Candidate Genes for Nutrigenetic Studies in Flavonoids and Vascular Health: Path to Precision Nutrition for (Poly)phenols. Nutrients 2024; 16:1362. [PMID: 38732608 PMCID: PMC11085427 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids exert vasculoprotective effects in humans, but interindividual variability in their action has also been reported. This study aims to identify genes that are associated with vascular health effects of flavonoids and whose polymorphisms could explain interindividual variability in response to their intake. Applying the predetermined literature search criteria, we identified five human intervention studies reporting positive effects of flavonoids on vascular function together with global genomic changes analyzed using microarray methods. Genes involved in vascular dysfunction were identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). By extracting data from the eligible human intervention studies, we obtained 5807 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The number of identified upstream regulators (URs) varied across the studies, from 227 to 1407. The search of the GWAS Catalog revealed 493 genes associated with vascular dysfunction. An integrative analysis of transcriptomic data with GWAS genes identified 106 candidate DEGs and 42 candidate URs, while subsequent functional analyses and a search of the literature identified 20 top priority candidate genes: ALDH2, APOE, CAPZA1, CYP11B2, GNA13, IL6, IRF5, LDLR, LPL, LSP1, MKNK1, MMP3, MTHFR, MYO6, NCR3, PPARG, SARM1, TCF20, TCF7L2, and TNF. In conclusion, this integrated analysis identifies important genes to design future nutrigenetic studies for development of precision nutrition for polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Ruskovska
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Goce Delcev University, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (T.R.); (F.P.)
| | - Filip Postolov
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Goce Delcev University, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (T.R.); (F.P.)
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Pasala PK, Dsnbk P, Rudrapal M, Challa RR, Ahmad SF, Vallamkonda B, R RB. Anti-Parkinson potential of hesperetin nanoparticles: in vivo and in silico investigations. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38646872 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2344740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by the gradual demise of dopaminergic neurons. In recent years, there has been significant interest in herbal treatments. In this study, hesperetin nanoparticles (HTN) were developed and compared their anti-PD potential with hesperetin (HT) on rotenone induced PD rats. Molecular docking was also performed to evaluate the binding affinity of hesperetin on pathological protein, i.e. D2 dopamine receptors (DR2), using Auto Dock Vina tools. The results showed a higher binding relationship of HTN on dopamine receptors (-7.2 kcal/mol) compared to L-dopa (-6.4 kcal/mol), supporting their potential as drug candidates for PD therapy. HTN was effectively synthesised using the fabrication technique and characterised by zeta potential and SEM analysis. HTN had favourable characteristics, including a size of 249.8 ± 14.9 nm and a Z-potential of -32.9 mV. After being administered orally, HTN demonstrated a notable anti-Parkinsonian effects, indicated by the significant improvement in motor function as assessed by the rota rod test (p < .001***), pole test (p < .001***), stair test (p < .01**), wood walk test (p < .01**) and an increase in substantia nigra (SN) antioxidant levels, CAT (p < .001***), SOD (p < .001***), GSH (p < .01**). Additionally, HTN led to increased dopamine levels (p < .01**) and a decrease in the oxidant system, MDA levels (p < .01**). Furthermore, histopathological examination revealed decreased SN neuronal necrosis in diseased animals treated with HTN compared to those treated with HT in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Therefore, HTN can be regarded as a viable platform for efficient therapy of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar Pasala
- Department of Pharmacology, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, JNTUA, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Prasanth Dsnbk
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Jadcherla, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ram Babu R
- Department of Pharmacology, Santhiram College of Pharmacy, JNTUA, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Reddy R, Baijnath S, Singh S, Moodley R, Naicker T, Govender N. Hesperidin improves physiological outcomes in an arginine vasopressin rat model of pre-eclampsia. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2024; 38:341-350. [PMID: 37652562 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hesperidin, a flavanone commonly found in citrus fruits and herbal formulations, has emerged as a potential new therapeutic agent for modulating several diseases. Since pre-eclampsia is a growing public health threat, it may negatively impact the economy and increase the disease burden of South Africa. Phytocompounds are easily accessible, demonstrate minimal side effects, and may confer novel medicinal options as a treatment and preventive preference. OBJECTIVE To investigate the physiological, biochemical, and hematological outcomes of hesperidin in an arginine vasopressin (AVP)-induced rodent model of pre-eclampsia. METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats were surgically implanted with mini-osmotic pumps to deliver AVP (200 ng/h) subcutaneously. Animals were treated with hesperidin at 200 mg/kg.b.w via oral gavage for 14 days. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured on GD 7, 14, and 18 using a non-invasive tail-cuff method and were euthanized on GD 21. RESULTS The findings showed that hesperidin administration significantly decreased blood pressure (P < 0.05) and urinary protein levels in pregnant rats (P < 0.001). Placental and individual pup weight also increased significantly in the pregnant hesperidin-treated groups compared to AVP untreated groups (P < 0.001). Biochemical and hematological markers such as white blood cell count and lymphocyte levels differed significantly (P < 0.05) in AVP groups treated with and without hesperidin. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that hesperidin is an antihypertensive agent with modes of action associated with its diuretic and blood pressure lowering effects and reduction of proteinuria in AVP-induced pre-eclamptic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Reddy
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sooraj Baijnath
- Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sanil Singh
- Biomedical Resource Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Roshila Moodley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Discipline of Optics and Imaging, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nalini Govender
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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Tobaruela EDC, Brasili E, Zeraik L, Milenkovic D, Hassimotto NMA, Lajolo FM. Plasma proteome profiling reveals molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of daily consumption of 'Bahia' and 'Cara Cara' orange juices. Food Funct 2024; 15:1031-1049. [PMID: 38193367 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04091g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Orange juice is an important food source of bioactive compounds, mainly the flavanones hesperidin and narirutin. This study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of action of orange juice's health properties by analyzing changes in the plasma proteome of healthy Brazilian volunteers after consuming juices made from 'Bahia' (BOJ-source of flavanones) and 'Cara Cara' (CCOJ-source of flavanones and carotenoids) oranges cultivated in Brazil. We used an untargeted proteomic approach, with a particular emphasis on the juices' effects on blood coagulant activity. We identified 247 differentially expressed proteins, of which 170 significantly increased or decreased after BOJ consumption and 145 after CCOJ. These proteins are involved in 105 processes that can significantly regulate cell adhesion, cell signaling, cell metabolism, inflammation, or others. Bioinformatic analysis evidenced proteins with major cellular regulatory capacity (e.g., FN1 and GAPDH) and predicted transcription factors (TFs) (e.g., SP1 and CEBPA) and miRNAs (e.g., miR-1-3p and miR-615-3p) that could be involved in the regulation of differentially expressed proteins. In-silico docking analyses between flavanone metabolites and TFs evidenced the higher binding capacity of narirutin phase II metabolites with akt1 and p38, interactions that suggest how the expression of genes of differentially expressed proteins were activated or inhibited. Moreover, the study shed light on proteins of coagulation cascade that presented expression modulated by both juices, proposing the modulation of blood coagulant activity as a potential benefit of OJ (mainly CCOJ) consumption. Taken together, this study revealed that BOJ and CCOJ consumption affected plasma proteome in healthy individuals, suggesting potential molecular targets and mechanisms of OJ bioactive compounds in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric de Castro Tobaruela
- Food Research Center (FoRC), Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Elisa Brasili
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laila Zeraik
- Food Research Center (FoRC), Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, 95616 Davis, CA, USA
| | - Neuza Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto
- Food Research Center (FoRC), Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Franco Maria Lajolo
- Food Research Center (FoRC), Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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12
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Tipcome K, Watanapa WB, Ruamyod K. Hesperetin Relaxes Depolarizing Contraction in Human Umbilical Vein by Inhibiting L-Type Ca 2+ Channel. Chin J Integr Med 2024:10.1007/s11655-024-3713-1. [PMID: 38236522 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-3713-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study hesperetin-induced vasorelaxation after depolarizing contraction in human umbilical veins (HUVs) to elucidate the role of L-type Ca2+ channel (LTCC) and related signaling pathway. METHODS Isometric tension recording was performed in HUV rings pre-contracted with K+. Hesperetin relaxing mechanism was investigated using a LTCC opener (BayK8644) and blockers of cyclic nucleotides and phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Whole-cell patch-clamping in A7r5 cells, a rat vascular smooth muscle cell line, was performed to study the effect of hesperetin on LTCC current. RESULTS After depolarizing precontraction, hesperetin induced HUV relaxation concentration-dependently and endothelium-independently; 1 mmol/L hesperetin reduced denuded HUV ring tension by 68.7% ± 4.3% compared to matching vehicle, osmolality, and time controls (P<0.0001). Importantly, hesperetin competitively inhibited BayK8644-induced contraction, shifting the half maximal effective concentration of BayK8644 response from 1.08 nmol/L [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49-2.40] in vehicle control to 11.30 nmol/L (95% CI 5.45-23.41) in hesperetin (P=0.0001). Moreover, hesperetin elicited further vasorelaxation in denuded HUV rings pretreated with inhibitors of soluble guanylyl cyclase, adenylyl cyclase, PDE3, PDE4, and PDE5 (P<0.01), while rings pretreated with PDE1 inhibitors could not be relaxed by hesperetin (P>0.05). However, simultaneously applying inhibitors of soluble guanylyl cyclase and adenylyl cyclase could not inhibit hesperetin's effect (P>0.05). In whole-cell patch-clamping, hesperetin rapidly decreased LTCC current in A7r5 cells to 66.7% ± 5.8% (P=0.0104). CONCLUSIONS Hesperetin diminishes depolarizing contraction of human vascular smooth muscle through inhibition of LTCC, and not cyclic nucleotides nor PDEs. Our evidence supports direct LTCC interaction and provides additional basis for the use of hesperetin and its precursor hesperidin as vasodilators and may lead to future vasodilator drug development as a treatment alternative for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsana Tipcome
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wattana B Watanapa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Katesirin Ruamyod
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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13
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Fatima N, Ashique S, Upadhyay A, Kumar S, Kumar H, Kumar N, Kumar P. Current Landscape of Therapeutics for the Management of Hypertension - A Review. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:662-682. [PMID: 37357524 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230623121433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a critical health problem. It is also the primary reason for coronary heart disease, stroke, and renal vascular disease. The use of herbal drugs in the management of any disease is increasing. They are considered the best immune booster to fight against several types of diseases. To date, the demand for herbal drugs has been increasing because of their excellent properties. This review highlights antihypertensive drugs, polyphenols, and synbiotics for managing hypertension. Evidence is mounting in favour of more aggressive blood pressure control with reduced adverse effects, especially for specific patient populations. This review aimed to present contemporary viewpoints and novel treatment options, including cutting-edge technological applications and emerging interventional and pharmaceutical therapies, as well as key concerns arising from several years of research and epidemiological observations related to the management of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Fatima
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226010, India
| | - Sumel Ashique
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Pandaveswar School of Pharmacy, Pandaveswar, West Bengal 713378, India
| | - Aakash Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharat Institute of Technology (BIT), School of Pharmacy, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250103, India
| | - Shubneesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharat Institute of Technology (BIT), School of Pharmacy, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250103, India
| | - Himanshu Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharat Institute of Technology (BIT), School of Pharmacy, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250103, India
| | - Nitish Kumar
- SRM Modinagar College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Delhi-NCR Campus, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201204, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad-244001, UP, India
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14
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Morshedzadeh N, Ramezani Ahmadi A, Behrouz V, Mir E. A narrative review on the role of hesperidin on metabolic parameters, liver enzymes, and inflammatory markers in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:7523-7533. [PMID: 38107097 PMCID: PMC10724641 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance, oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia, and inflammation play main roles in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Some studies have reported that hesperidin can reduce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia by inhibiting inflammatory pathways. In the current study, our purpose was to evaluate whether it can influence the primary parameters in NAFLD and improve the treatment effectiveness for future trials. Various studies have found that hesperidin involves multiple signaling pathways such as cell proliferation, lipid and glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which can potentially affect NAFLD development and prognosis. Recent findings indicate that hesperidin also regulates key enzymes and may affect the severity of liver fibrosis. Hesperidin inhibits reactive oxygen species production that potentially interferes with the activation of transcription factors like nuclear factor-κB. Appropriate adherence to hesperidin may be a promising approach to modulate inflammatory pathways, metabolic indices, hepatic steatosis, and liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nava Morshedzadeh
- Student Research CommitteeKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public HealthKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | | | - Vahideh Behrouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public HealthKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Elias Mir
- Student Research CommitteeKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
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15
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Buzdağlı Y, Eyipınar CD, Kacı FN, Tekin A. Effects of hesperidin on anti-inflammatory and antioxidant response in healthy people: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:1390-1405. [PMID: 35762134 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2093841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hesperidin is a prominent flavanone found in citrus fruits that has a broad range of biological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities. The study's objective was to evaluate the effects of hesperidin supplementation on anti-inflammatory and antioxidant parameters such as MDA, TAC, GSH, SOD, and CAT; CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-4 levels respectively, by analyzing human intervention trials. Google Scholar, PubMed, grey literature databases, and the ClinicalTrials website were scanned to identify eligible studies. For the meta-analysis, eighteen studies were chosen. Hesperidin supplementation had significant lowering effect on not only CRP, IL-6, and IL-4 levels but also MDA level (Meta-regression analysis revealed a non-significant direct relationship between hesperidin dosage and chance in CRP, IL-6, and MDA levels. As a result, it can be said that hesperidin supplementation contributes to the inflammatory and antioxidant response, but this contribution is independent of dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Buzdağlı
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cemre Didem Eyipınar
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Fatma Necmiye Kacı
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Aslıhan Tekin
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey
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16
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Booyani Z, Aryaeian N, Omidi N, Khorasanian AS, Hoseini AF, Nejatian M, Jazayeri S, Morvaridi M. Hesperidin reduces serum levels of triglyceride after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:7145-7154. [PMID: 37970430 PMCID: PMC10630806 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hesperidin, as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, has beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine the effects of hesperidin supplementation on inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid profile in depressed coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) patients. Eighty patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery participated in this clinical trial and were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group received 200 mg/d pure hesperidin supplement and the second group received placebo for 12 weeks. Both groups continued their usual diet. Serum concentrations of inflammatory and stress oxidative markers (hs-CRP, P-selectin, and ox-LDL) were measured and compared at baseline and the end of the intervention. The changes in serum levels of triglyceride were significantly different between the two groups (p < .05). HDL-c significantly increased in groups but the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant (p > .05). Hesperidin did not affect FBS, other lipid parameters, hs-CRP, P-selectin, and OX-LDL (p > .05). SBP and DBP differences were not statistically significant (p > .05). After 12 weeks of intervention, hesperidin reduced serum levels of triglyceride in depressed post-CABG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Booyani
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Naheed Aryaeian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Negar Omidi
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Centre, Cardiovascular Disesae Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Atie Sadat Khorasanian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Agha Fatemeh Hoseini
- Department of Biostatistics, School of HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mostafa Nejatian
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Tehran Heart CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Shima Jazayeri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mehrnaz Morvaridi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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17
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Han JH, Lee EJ, Park W, Ha KT, Chung HS. Natural compounds as lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors: potential therapeutics for lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors-related diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1275000. [PMID: 37915411 PMCID: PMC10616500 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1275000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a crucial enzyme involved in energy metabolism and present in various cells throughout the body. Its diverse physiological functions encompass glycolysis, and its abnormal activity is associated with numerous diseases. Targeting LDH has emerged as a vital approach in drug discovery, leading to the identification of LDH inhibitors among natural compounds, such as polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids. These compounds demonstrate therapeutic potential against LDH-related diseases, including anti-cancer effects. However, challenges concerning limited bioavailability, poor solubility, and potential toxicity must be addressed. Combining natural compounds with LDH inhibitors has led to promising outcomes in preclinical studies. This review highlights the promise of natural compounds as LDH inhibitors for treating cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ho Han
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Lee
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonyoung Park
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM Campus, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM Campus, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Suck Chung
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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18
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Zhang J, Sun M, Elmaidomy AH, Youssif KA, Zaki AMM, Hassan Kamal H, Sayed AM, Abdelmohsen UR. Emerging trends and applications of metabolomics in food science and nutrition. Food Funct 2023; 14:9050-9082. [PMID: 37740352 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01770b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The study of all chemical processes involving metabolites is known as metabolomics. It has been developed into an essential tool in several disciplines, such as the study of plant physiology, drug development, human diseases, and nutrition. The field of food science, diagnostic biomarker research, etiological analysis in the field of medical therapy, and raw material quality, processing, and safety have all benefited from the use of metabolomics recently. Food metabolomics includes the use of metabolomics in food production, processing, and human diets. As a result of changing consumer habits and the rising of food industries all over the world, there is a remarkable increase in interest in food quality and safety. It requires the employment of various technologies for the food supply chain, processing of food, and even plant breeding. This can be achieved by understanding the metabolome of food, including its biochemistry and composition. Additionally, Food metabolomics can be used to determine the similarities and differences across crop kinds, as an indicator for tracking the process of ripening to increase crops' shelf life and attractiveness, and identifying metabolites linked to pathways responsible for postharvest disorders. Moreover, nutritional metabolomics is used to investigate the connection between diet and human health through detection of certain biomarkers. This review assessed and compiled literature on food metabolomics research with an emphasis on metabolite extraction, detection, and data processing as well as its applications to the study of food nutrition, food-based illness, and phytochemical analysis. Several studies have been published on the applications of metabolomics in food but further research concerning the use of standard reproducible procedures must be done. The results published showed promising uses in the food industry in many areas such as food production, processing, and human diets. Finally, metabolome-wide association studies (MWASs) could also be a useful predictor to detect the connection between certain diseases and low molecular weight biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianye Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Mingna Sun
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Khayrya A Youssif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, El-Saleheya El Gadida University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Adham M M Zaki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Hossam Hassan Kamal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 7 Universities Zone, New Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, 62513 Beni-Suef, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Almaaqal University, 61014 Basra, Iraq
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 7 Universities Zone, New Minia 61111, Egypt
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19
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Alzahrani MA, Binnshwan FM, Alsulaim KB, Mobeirek OA, Albakran NM, Albawardi FA, Almezaini AI, Alqahtani YK, Alghuyaythat WKZ, Abunohaiah I, AlAsmi R, Almannie R. Effect of Blackcurrant Consumption on the Genitourinary System: A Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e44181. [PMID: 37641728 PMCID: PMC10460296 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Both in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that functional plant-based food such as fruits, vegetables, and berries can enhance health, have preventive effects, and reduce the risk of several chronic diseases. This review discusses blackcurrant fruit usage in humans and experimental animals and its effect on the genitourinary system (GUS). This comprehensive review demonstrates that blackcurrants and their bioactive compounds possess medicinal and therapeutic properties related to the GUS. Emphasis in the literature has been placed on the bioavailability of the active blackcurrant components. Nonetheless, future clinical trials are needed to investigate and improve the bioavailability of blackcurrant phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins, and to expand the evidence that active blackcurrant compounds can treat various genitourinary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshari A Alzahrani
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, SAU
| | | | - Khaled B Alsulaim
- Medical School, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Osama A Mobeirek
- Medical School, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Nasser M Albakran
- Medical School, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Fahad A Albawardi
- Medical School, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | | | | | - Ibrahim Abunohaiah
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Raed AlAsmi
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, SAU
| | - Raed Almannie
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
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20
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Khorasanian AS, Fateh ST, Gholami F, Rasaei N, Gerami H, Khayyatzadeh SS, Shiraseb F, Asbaghi O. The effects of hesperidin supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1177708. [PMID: 37502716 PMCID: PMC10369082 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1177708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hesperidin is a naturally occurring bioactive compound that may have an impact on cardiovascular disease risks, but the evidence is not conclusive. To investigate further, this study aimed to explore the effects of hesperidin supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults. A comprehensive search was conducted up to August 2022 using relevant keywords in databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The results showed that hesperidin supplementation had a significant effect on reducing serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density cholesterol (LDL), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and systolic blood pressure (SBP), whereas weight was increased. However, no significant effect was observed on high-density cholesterol (HDL), waist circumference (WC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), body mass index (BMI), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The study also found that an effective dosage of hesperidin supplementation was around 1,000 mg/d, and a more effective duration of supplementation was more than eight weeks to decrease insulin levels. Furthermore, the duration of intervention of more than six weeks was effective in decreasing FBG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atie Sadat Khorasanian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Gholami
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Gerami
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Fraga LN, Milenkovic D, Coutinho CP, Rozenbaum AC, Lajolo FM, Hassimotto NMA. Interaction between APOE, APOA1, and LPL Gene Polymorphisms and Variability in Changes in Lipid and Blood Pressure following Orange Juice Intake: A Pilot Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200847. [PMID: 37128695 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Chronic orange juice intake is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, however, a large inter-individual variability in response to orange juice for lipid profile and blood pressure has been observed. This heterogeneity in responsiveness could be associated with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), which has not been previously addressed. This study aims to investigate the influence of SNP in apolipoprotein E (APOE), apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), mevalonate (MVK), and lipase lipoprotein (LPL) genes in the biological response after chronic orange juice intake. METHODS AND RESULTS Forty-six volunteers ingested 500 mL daily for 60 days and blood pressure and biochemical parameters are measured. Also, SNPs in APOE, APOA1, MVK, and LPL genes are genotyped in the volunteers that are medium/high excretors of flavanone metabolites. Genotypes CC (APOA1), AA, and GG (LPL) are associated with positive health effects of orange juice and the CC (APOE), GG (APOA1), GG, and AA (LPL) genotypes are associated with no effects of orange juice consumption (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These results identify for the first-time SNP associated with effects of orange juice on lipid levels and blood pressure, results that may provide bases for future precise nutritional recommendations regarding this flavanone-rich food to lower the risk for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layanne Nascimento Fraga
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616-5270, USA
| | - Camille Perella Coutinho
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Adriana Campos Rozenbaum
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Franco Maria Lajolo
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Neuza Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
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22
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Townsend JR, Kirby TO, Marshall TM, Church DD, Jajtner AR, Esposito R. Foundational Nutrition: Implications for Human Health. Nutrients 2023; 15:2837. [PMID: 37447166 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human nutrition, and what can be considered "ideal" nutrition, is a complex, multi-faceted topic which many researchers and practitioners deliberate. While some attest that basic human nutrition is relatively understood, it is undeniable that a global nutritional problem persists. Many countries struggle with malnutrition or caloric deficits, while others encounter difficulties with caloric overconsumption and micronutrient deficiencies. A multitude of factors contribute to this global problem. Limitations to the current scope of the recommended daily allowances (RDAs) and dietary reference intakes (DRIs), changes in soil quality, and reductions in nutrient density are just a few of these factors. In this article, we propose a new, working approach towards human nutrition designated "Foundational Nutrition". This nutritional lens combines a whole food approach in conjunction with micronutrients and other nutrients critical for optimal human health with special consideration given to the human gut microbiome and overall gut health. Together, this a synergistic approach which addresses vital components in nutrition that enhances the bioavailability of nutrients and to potentiate a bioactive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R Townsend
- Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, Athletic Greens International, Carson City, NV 89701, USA
- Department of Kinesiology, Lipscomb University, Nashville, TN 37204, USA
| | - Trevor O Kirby
- Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, Athletic Greens International, Carson City, NV 89701, USA
| | - Tess M Marshall
- Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, Athletic Greens International, Carson City, NV 89701, USA
| | - David D Church
- Department of Geriatrics, Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Donald W. Reynolds Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Adam R Jajtner
- Exercise Science and Exercise Physiology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
| | - Ralph Esposito
- Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, Athletic Greens International, Carson City, NV 89701, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Food Studies, and Public Health, New York University-Steinhardt, New York, NY 10003, USA
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23
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Mestareehi A, Li H, Zhang X, Meda Venkata SP, Jaiswal R, Yu FS, Yi Z, Wang JM. Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Transforming Growth Factor β Receptor Targeted by Resveratrol and Hesperetin Coformulation in Endothelial Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:16206-16217. [PMID: 37179642 PMCID: PMC10173440 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium is the frontline target of multiple metabolic stressors and pharmacological agents. As a consequence, endothelial cells (ECs) display highly dynamic and diverse proteome profiles. We describe here the culture of human aortic ECs from healthy and type 2 diabetic donors, the treatment with a small molecular coformulation of trans-resveratrol and hesperetin (tRES+HESP), followed by proteomic analysis of whole-cell lysate. A number of 3666 proteins were presented in all of the samples and thus further analyzed. We found that 179 proteins had a significant difference between diabetic ECs vs. healthy ECs, while 81 proteins had a significant change upon the treatment of tRES+HESP in diabetic ECs. Among them, 16 proteins showed a difference between diabetic ECs and healthy ECs and the difference was reversed by the tRES+HESP treatment. Follow-up functional assays identified activin A receptor-like type 1 and transforming growth factor β receptor 2 as the most pronounced targets suppressed by tRES+HESP in protecting angiogenesis in vitro. Our study has revealed the global differences in proteins and biological pathways in ECs from diabetic donors, which are potentially reversible by the tRES+HESP formula. Furthermore, we have identified the TGFβ receptor as a responding mechanism in ECs treated with this formula, shedding light on future studies for deeper molecular characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aktham Mestareehi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of
Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Integrated Biosciences, Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical
Sciences, School of Medicine, and Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Hainan Li
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of
Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Integrated Biosciences, Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical
Sciences, School of Medicine, and Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of
Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Integrated Biosciences, Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical
Sciences, School of Medicine, and Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Sai Pranathi Meda Venkata
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of
Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Integrated Biosciences, Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical
Sciences, School of Medicine, and Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Ruchi Jaiswal
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of
Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Integrated Biosciences, Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical
Sciences, School of Medicine, and Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Fu-Shin Yu
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of
Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Integrated Biosciences, Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical
Sciences, School of Medicine, and Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Zhengping Yi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of
Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Integrated Biosciences, Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical
Sciences, School of Medicine, and Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Jie-Mei Wang
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of
Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Integrated Biosciences, Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical
Sciences, School of Medicine, and Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
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24
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Onuh JO, Dawkins NL, Aluko RE. Cardiovascular disease protective properties of blueberry polyphenols (Vaccinium corymbosum): a concise review. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-023-00139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIncreasing epidemiological evidence suggests inverse association between consumption of diets rich in fruits and vegetables and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), metabolic syndrome disorders, certain types of cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and other forms of human chronic diseases. This may be due to the contents of some bioactive phytochemicals, especially polyphenols, which are abundant in fruits and vegetables and have antioxidant effects. Berry fruits are reported to have the highest total antioxidant capacity (TAC) among fruits. They may protect against CVD and hypertension either directly or in tandem with other cellular mechanisms. Blueberry anthocyanins have been reported to exhibit cardiovascular protective health effects by preventing cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis, and reduction of oxidative and inflammatory damages to the endothelium through several mechanisms. Such mechanisms may involve suppressing the release of inflammatory mediators, protection against ischemic damage of the heart as well as cardiomyocyte survival, lower systolic and mean arterial pressures and renal nitrite content in addition to multiple other beneficial effects. However, several limitations in existing studies make it difficult to draw conclusions regarding the preventive effects of blueberries and other polyphenols-rich foods, especially as data supporting a causal relationship between direct antioxidant capacity and CVD are insufficient or limited. It is also unclear, which molecules exert this effect since few studies with isolated polyphenols have been conducted in addition to a lack of proper understanding of other mechanisms that may be involved. This review is, therefore aimed at discussing some of the current literature information on the cardiovascular protective effects of blueberries with suggestions for future research directions.
Graphical Abstract
Graphical abstract demonstrating the overall mechanisms of CVD protection by blueberry and blueberry polyphenols and anthocyanins. Blueberry consumption leads to reduced CVD complications due to the modulation of several mechanisms associated with CVD.
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25
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Martínez-Noguera FJ, Alcaraz PE, Carlos-Vivas J, Marín-Pagán C. 8 weeks of 2 S-hesperidin prevents a decrease in pO 2 at submaximal intensity in amateur cyclists in off-season: randomized controlled trial. Food Funct 2023; 14:2750-2767. [PMID: 36857626 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03007a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although chronic supplementation with 2S-hesperidin has been shown to improve performance, to date, the possible mechanisms underlying this effect have not been explored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess whether changes in gasometry may be associated with improved performance after the intake of 2S-hesperidin (500 mg d-1, 8 weeks). Forty amateur cyclists (n = 20 2S-hesperidin, n = 20 placebo) performed a rectangular test, during which capillary blood samples were taken at the baseline, FatMax1, ventilatory threshold 1 and 2 (VT1 and VT2), power maximum (PMAX), FatMax2 and excess post-exercise O2 consumption (EPOC) to measure gasometry parameters. Significantly increased CO2 and tCO2 was found at FatMax1, VT1, FatMax2 and EPOC (p = <0.05) after 8 weeks of 2S-hesperidin ingestion. Conversely, the placebo group had a significant decrease in pO2 at VT2 (p = 0.04) during the rectangular test, with no changes in the 2S-hesperidin group. Therefore, chronic supplementation with 2S-hesperidin prevents decreases in pO2 at submaximal intensities in amateur cyclists in an off-season period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Martínez-Noguera
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos N° 135, UCAM, 30107, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos N° 135, UCAM, 30107, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education Research Group (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas, s/n., 06006, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Cristian Marín-Pagán
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos N° 135, UCAM, 30107, Murcia, Spain.
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26
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Qiu M, Wei W, Zhang J, Wang H, Bai Y, Guo DA. A Scientometric Study to a Critical Review on Promising Anticancer and Neuroprotective Compounds: Citrus Flavonoids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030669. [PMID: 36978916 PMCID: PMC10045114 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids derived from citrus plants are favored by phytomedicinal researchers due to their wide range of biological activities, and relevant studies have been sustained for 67 years (since the first paper published in 1955). In terms of a scientometric and critical review, the scientometrics of related papers, chemical structures, and pharmacological action of citrus flavonoids were comprehensively summarized. The modern pharmacological effects of citrus flavonoids are primarily focused on their anticancer activities (such as breast cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, and liver cancer), neuroprotective effects (such as anti-Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease), and metabolic diseases. Furthermore, the therapeutic mechanism of cancers (including inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, and inhibiting cancer metastasis), neuroprotective effects (including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory), and metabolic diseases (such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus) were summarized and discussed. We anticipate that this review could provide an essential reference for anti-cancer and neuroprotective research of citrus flavonoids and provide researchers with a comprehensive understanding of citrus flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenlong Wei
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hanze Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuxin Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - De-an Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Correspondence:
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27
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Mechanistic insights into dietary (poly)phenols and vascular dysfunction-related diseases using multi-omics and integrative approaches: Machine learning as a next challenge in nutrition research. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 89:101101. [PMID: 35728999 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Dietary (poly)phenols have been extensively studied for their vasculoprotective effects and consequently their role in preventing or delaying onsets of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Even though early studies have ascribed the vasculoprotective properties of (poly)phenols primarily on their putative free radical scavenging properties, recent data indicate that in biological systems, (poly)phenols act primarily through genomic and epigenomic mechanisms. The molecular mechanisms underlying their health properties are still not well identified, mainly due to the use of physiologically non-relevant conditions (native molecules or extracts at high concentrations, rather than circulating metabolites), but also due to the use of targeted genomic approaches aiming to evaluate the effect only on few specific genes, thus preventing to decipher detailed molecular mechanisms involved. The use of state-of-the-art untargeted analytical methods represents a significant breakthrough in nutrigenomics, as these methods enable detailed insights into the effects at each specific omics level. Moreover, the implementation of multi-omics approaches allows integration of different levels of regulation of cellular functions, to obtain a comprehensive picture of the molecular mechanisms of action of (poly)phenols. In combination with bioinformatics and the methods of machine learning, multi-omics has potential to make a huge contribution to the nutrition science. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the use of the omics, multi-omics, and integrative approaches in studying the vasculoprotective properties of dietary (poly)phenols and address the potentials for use of the machine learning in nutrigenomics.
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28
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Orange juice intake and lipid profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Nutr Sci 2023; 12:e37. [PMID: 37008412 PMCID: PMC10052563 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Dyslipidaemia is a metabolic anomaly which has been related to numerous morbidities. Orange juice (OJ) is a popular flavonoid-rich drink consumed worldwide. Due to the existing controversies regarding its impact on blood lipids, we decided to investigate the impact of OJ supplementation on lipid profile parameters. Major scientific databases (Cochrane library, Scopus, PubMed and Embase) were searched. Pooled effects sizes were reported as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Out of 6334 articles retrieved by the initial search, 9 articles met our inclusion criteria. Overall, supplementation with OJ did not exert any significant effects on blood levels of TG (WMD −1·53 mg/dl, 95 % CI −6·39, 3·32, P = 0·536), TC (WMD −5·91 mg/dl, 95 % CI −13·26, 1·43, P = 0·114) or HDL-C (WMD 0·61 mg/ dl, 95 % CI −0·61, 1·82, P = 0·333). OJ consumption did reduce LDL-C levels significantly (WMD −8·35 mg/dl, 95 % CI −15·43, −1·26, P = 0·021). Overall, we showed that the consumption of OJ may not be beneficial in improving serum levels of TG, TC or HDL-C. Contrarily, we showed that daily intake of OJ, especially more than 500 ml/d, might be effective in reducing LDL-C levels. In the light of the existing inconsistencies, we propose that further high-quality interventions be conducted in order to make a solid conclusion.
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29
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Anticancer natural products targeting immune checkpoint protein network. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1008-1032. [PMID: 34838956 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Normal cells express surface proteins that bind to immune checkpoint proteins on immune cells to turn them off, whereby the immune system does not attack normal healthy cells. Cancer cells can also utilize this same protective mechanism by expressing surface proteins that can interact with checkpoint proteins on immune cells to overcome the immune surveillance. Immunotherapy is making the best use of the body's own immune system to reinforce anti-tumor responses. The most generally used immunotherapy is the control of immune checkpoints including the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell deathreceptor 1 (PD-1), or programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1). In spite of the clinical effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the overall response rate still remains low. Therefore, there have been considerable efforts in searching for alternative immune checkpoint proteins that may work as new therapeutic targets for treatment of cancer. Recent studies have identified several additional novel immune checkpoint targets, including lymphocyte activation gene-3, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3, T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif domain, V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation, B7 homolog 3 protein, B and T cell lymphocyte attenuator, and inducible T cell COStimulator. Natural compounds, especially those present in medicinal or dietary plants, have been investigated for their anti-tumor effects in various in vitro and in vivo models. Some phytochemicals exert anti-tumor activities based on immunoregulatioby blocking interaction between proteins involved in immune checkpoint signal transduction or regulating their expression/activity. Recently, synergistic anti-cancer effects of diverse phytochemicals with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 or anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody drugs have been continuously reported. Considering an increasing attention to noteworthy therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the cancer therapy, this review focuses on regulatory effects of selected phytochemicals on immune checkpoint protein network and their combinational effectiveness with immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting tumor cells.
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Sakaki JR, Gao S, Ha K, Chavarro JE, Chen MH, Sun Q, Hart JE, Chun OK. Childhood beverage intake and risk of hypertension and hyperlipidaemia in young adults. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2022; 73:954-964. [PMID: 35761780 PMCID: PMC9951226 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2091524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
An epidemiological analysis assessing beverage consumption and risk factors for cardiovascular disease was conducted. Participants were 9-16 years old at enrolment, completed food frequency questionnaires in 1996-2001 and self-reported outcomes in 2010-2014. Exclusion criteria included missing data on relevant variables and covariates, prevalent disease before 2005, and implausible/extreme weight or energy intake. Intakes of orange juice, apple/other fruit juice, sugar-sweetened beverages and diet soda were related to the risk of incident hypertension or hyperlipidaemia using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusting for diet, energy intake, age, smoking, physical activity and body mass index. There were 9,043 participants with 618 cases of hypertension and 850 of hyperlipidaemia in 17 years of mean follow-up. Sugar-sweetened beverage intake but not fruit juice nor diet soda was associated with hypertension (hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.16 (1.03, 1.31)) in males. This study can guide beverage consumption as it relates to early predictors of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi R. Sakaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 27 Manter Rd., Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Simiao Gao
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, 215 Glenbrook Rd., U-4120, Storrs, CT, 06269
| | - Kyungho Ha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jorge E. Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA.; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ming-Hui Chen
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, 215 Glenbrook Rd., U-4120, Storrs, CT, 06269
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA.; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jaime E. Hart
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, 3rd Fl West, Boston, MA 02215.; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ock K. Chun
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 27 Manter Rd., Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269
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31
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Ding S, Wang P, Pang X, Zhang L, Qian L, Jia X, Chen W, Ruan S, Sun L. The new exploration of pure total flavonoids extracted from Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. as a new therapeutic agent to bring health benefits for people. Front Nutr 2022; 9:958329. [PMID: 36276813 PMCID: PMC9582534 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.958329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The peel and fruit of Citrus varieties have been a raw material for some traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Pure total flavonoids from Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. (PTFC), including naringin, hesperidin, narirutin, and neohesperidin, have been attracted increasing attention for their multiple clinical efficacies. Based on existing in vitro and in vivo research, this study systematically reviewed the biological functions of PTFC and its components in preventing or treating liver metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, intestinal barrier dysfunction, as well as malignancies. PTFC and its components are capable of regulating glycolipid metabolism, blocking peroxidation and persistent inflammation, inhibiting tumor progression, protecting the integrity of intestinal barrier and positively regulating intestinal microbiota, while the differences in fruit cultivation system, picking standard, manufacturing methods, delivery system and individual intestinal microecology will have impact on the specific therapeutic effect. Thus, PTFC is a promising drug for the treatment of some chronic diseases, as well as continuous elaborate investigations are necessary to improve its effectiveness and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuning Ding
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Pang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leyin Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihui Qian
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinru Jia
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanming Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China,Shanming Ruan,
| | - Leitao Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Leitao Sun,
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32
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Fraga LN, Milenkovic D, Lajolo FM, Hassimotto NMA. Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of SULT1A1, SULT1C4, ABCC2 and Phase II Flavanone Metabolites Excretion after Orange Juice Intake. Nutrients 2022; 14:3770. [PMID: 36145145 PMCID: PMC9502135 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits and juices are a major source of dietary flavanones, and the regular consumption of these foods is inversely associated with the development of cardiometabolic diseases. However, the biological benefits depend on the bioavailability of these compounds, and previous studies have reported a large interindividual variability in the absorption and excretion of these compounds. Different factors, such as age, gender or genetic polymorphism of genes coding enzymes involved in the metabolism and transport of the flavanones, may explain this heterogeneity. This study aimed to assess the impact of single nucleotide polymorphism of sulfotransferases SULT1A1 and SULT1C4, and ABCC2 transporter genes on excretion of phase II flavanone metabolites in volunteers after 24 h of orange juice intake. Forty-six volunteers ingested a single dose of 500 mL of orange juice and 24-h urine was collected. The hesperetin and naringenin phase II metabolites were quantified in urine, and SNPs in SULT1A1, SULT1C4 and ABCC2 genes were genotyped. A significant (p < 0.05) relationship between the SNPs in these genes and the high excretion of phase II flavanone metabolites were observed. These results identified novel polymorphisms associated with higher absorption of flavanones, which may provide bases for future personalized nutritional guidelines for consuming flavanone-rich foods rich in these nutrients for better benefit from their health properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layanne Nascimento Fraga
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA
| | - Franco Maria Lajolo
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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33
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Flori L, Albanese L, Calderone V, Meneguzzo F, Pagliaro M, Ciriminna R, Zabini F, Testai L. Cardioprotective Effects of Grapefruit IntegroPectin Extracted via Hydrodynamic Cavitation from By-Products of Citrus Fruits Industry: Role of Mitochondrial Potassium Channels. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182799. [PMID: 36140927 PMCID: PMC9497567 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus flavonoids are well-known for their beneficial effects at the cardiovascular and cardio-metabolic level, but often the encouraging in vitro results are not confirmed by in vivo approaches; in addition, the clinical trials are also inconsistent. Their limited bioavailability can be, at least in part, the reason for these discrepancies. Therefore, many efforts have been made towards the improvement of their bioavailability. Hydrodynamic cavitation methods were successfully applied to the extraction of byproducts of the Citrus fruits industry, showing high process yields and affording stable phytocomplexes, known as IntegroPectin, endowed with great amounts of bioactive compounds and high water solubility. The cardioprotective effects of grapefruit IntegroPectin were evaluated by an ex vivo ischemia/reperfusion protocol. Further pharmacological characterization was carried out to assess the involvement of mitochondrial potassium channels. Grapefruit IntegroPectin, where naringin represented 98% of the flavonoids, showed anti-ischemic cardioprotective activity, which was better than pure naringenin (the bioactive aglycone of naringin). On cardiac-isolated mitochondria, this extract confirmed that naringenin/naringin were involved in the activation of mitochondrial potassium channels. The hydrodynamic cavitation-based extraction confirmed a valuable opportunity for the exploitation of Citrus fruits waste, with the end product presenting high levels of Citrus flavonoids and improved bioaccessibility that enhances its nutraceutical and economic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Albanese
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Nutrafood, University of Pisa, Via Del Borghetto, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-392-9850002
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosaria Ciriminna
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Federica Zabini
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Nutrafood, University of Pisa, Via Del Borghetto, 56120 Pisa, Italy
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Polyphenols–Gut–Heart: An Impactful Relationship to Improve Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091700. [PMID: 36139775 PMCID: PMC9495581 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A healthy gut provides the perfect habitat for trillions of bacteria, called the intestinal microbiota, which is greatly responsive to the long-term diet; it exists in a symbiotic relationship with the host and provides circulating metabolites, hormones, and cytokines necessary for human metabolism. The gut–heart axis is a novel emerging concept based on the accumulating evidence that a perturbed gut microbiota, called dysbiosis, plays a role as a risk factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Consequently, recovery of the gut microbiota composition and function could represent a potential new avenue for improving patient outcomes. Despite their low absorption, preclinical evidence indicates that polyphenols and their metabolites are transformed by intestinal bacteria and halt detrimental microbes’ colonization in the host. Moreover, their metabolites are potentially effective in human health due to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the causal role of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure; to discuss the beneficial effects of polyphenols on the intestinal microbiota, and to hypothesize polyphenols or their derivatives as an opportunity to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases by shaping gut eubiosis.
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Santos KGD, Yoshinaga MY, Glezer I, Chaves-Filho ADB, Santana AAD, Kovacs C, Magnoni CD, Lajolo FM, Miyamoto S, Aymoto Hassimotto NM. Orange juice intake by obese and insulin-resistant subjects lowers specific plasma triglycerides: A randomized clinical trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 51:336-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Effects of the Treatment with Flavonoids on Metabolic Syndrome Components in Humans: A Systematic Review Focusing on Mechanisms of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158344. [PMID: 35955475 PMCID: PMC9369232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diets high in bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, have been used to mitigate metabolic syndrome (MetS). Polyphenols are a large group of naturally occurring bioactive compounds, classified into two main classes: non-flavonoids and flavonoids. Flavonoids are distributed in foods, such as fruits, vegetables, tea, red wine, and cocoa. Studies have already demonstrated the benefits of flavonoids on the cardiovascular and nervous systems, as well as cancer cells. The present review summarizes the results of clinical studies that evaluated the effects of flavonoids on the components of the MetS and associated complications when offered as supplements over the long term. The results show that flavonoids can significantly modulate several metabolic parameters, such as lipid profile, blood pressure, and blood glucose. Only theaflavin and catechin were unable to affect metabolic parameters. Moreover, only body weight and body mass index were unaltered. Thus, the evidence presented in this systematic review offers bases in support of a flavonoid supplementation, held for at least 3 weeks, as a strategy to improve several metabolic parameters and, consequently, reduce the risk of diseases associated with MetS. This fact becomes stronger due to the rare side effects reported with flavonoids.
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Imperatrice M, Cuijpers I, Troost FJ, Sthijns MMJPE. Hesperidin Functions as an Ergogenic Aid by Increasing Endothelial Function and Decreasing Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, Thereby Contributing to Improved Exercise Performance. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142955. [PMID: 35889917 PMCID: PMC9316530 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of blood flow to peripheral muscles is crucial for proper skeletal muscle functioning and exercise performance. During exercise, increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation leads to increased electron leakage and consequently induces an increase in ROS formation, contributing to DNA, lipid, and protein damage. Moreover, exercise may increase blood- and intramuscular inflammatory factors leading to a deterioration in endurance performance. The aim of this review is to investigate the potential mechanisms through which the polyphenol hesperidin could lead to enhanced exercise performance, namely improved endothelial function, reduced exercise-induced oxidative stress, and inflammation. We selected in vivo RCTs, animal studies, and in vitro studies in which hesperidin, its aglycone form hesperetin, hesperetin-metabolites, or orange juice are supplemented at any dosage and where the parameters related to endothelial function, oxidative stress, and/or inflammation have been measured. The results collected in this review show that hesperidin improves endothelial function (via increased NO availability), inhibits ROS production, decreases production and plasma levels of pro-inflammatory markers, and improves anaerobic exercise outcomes (e.g., power, speed, energy). For elite and recreational athletes, hesperidin could be used as an ergogenic aid to enhance muscle recovery between training sessions, optimize oxygen and nutrient supplies to the muscles, and improve anaerobic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Imperatrice
- BioActor BV, Gaetano Martinolaan 50, 6229 GS Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (I.C.)
| | - Iris Cuijpers
- Food Innovation and Health, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.J.T.); (M.M.J.P.E.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (I.C.)
| | - Freddy J. Troost
- Food Innovation and Health, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.J.T.); (M.M.J.P.E.S.)
| | - Mireille M. J. P. E. Sthijns
- Food Innovation and Health, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.J.T.); (M.M.J.P.E.S.)
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Gupta M, Chandan K, Sarwat M. Natural Products and their Derivatives as Immune Check Point Inhibitors: Targeting Cytokine/Chemokine Signalling in Cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:214-232. [PMID: 35772610 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is the new generation and widely accepted form of tumour treatment. It is, however, associated with exclusive challenges which include organ-specific inflammation, and single-target strategies. Therefore, approaches that can enhance the efficiency of existing immunotherapies and expand their indications are required for the further development of immunotherapy. Natural products and medicines are stated to have this desired effect on cancer immunotherapy (adoptive immune-cells therapy, cancer vaccines, and immune-check point inhibitors). They refurbish the immunosuppressed tumour microenvironment, which is the primary location of interaction of tumour cells with the host immune system. Various immune cell subsets, via interaction with cytokine/chemokine receptors, are recruited into this microenvironment, and these subsets have roles in tumour progression and treatment responsiveness. This review summarises cytokine/chemokine signalling, types of cancer immunotherapy and the herbal medicine-derived natural products targeting cytokine/chemokines and immune checkpoints. These natural compounds possess immunomodulatory activities and exert their anti-tumour effect by either blocking the interaction or modulating the expression of the proteins linked with immune checkpoint signaling pathways. Some compounds also show a synergistic effect in combination with existing monoclonal antibody drugs to reverse the tumour microenvironment. Additionally, we have also reported some studies about the derivatives and formulations used to overcome the limitations of natural forms. This review can provide important insights for directing future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Gupta
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida-201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumari Chandan
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida-201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Maryam Sarwat
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida-201313, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Hesperidin Bioavailability Is Increased by the Presence of 2S-Diastereoisomer and Micronization-A Randomized, Crossover and Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122481. [PMID: 35745211 PMCID: PMC9231284 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hesperidin is a flavanone abundantly found in citrus fruits for which health beneficial effects have been reported. However, hesperidin shows a low bioavailability among individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the micronization process and 2R- and 2S-hesperidin diastereoisomers ratio on hesperidin bioavailability. In a first phase, thirty healthy individuals consumed 500 mL of orange juice with 345 mg of hesperidin, and the levels of hesperidin metabolites excreted in urine were determined. In the second phase, fifteen individuals with intermediate hesperidin metabolite levels excreted in urine were randomized in a crossover, postprandial and double-blind intervention study. Participants consumed 500 mg of the hesperidin-supplemented Hesperidin epimeric mixture (HEM), the micronized Hesperidin epimeric mixture (MHEM) and micronized 2S-Hesperidin (M2SH) in each study visit with 1 week of washout. Hesperidin metabolites and catabolites were determined in blood and urine obtained at different timepoints over a 24 h period. The bioavailability—relative urinary hesperidin excretion (% of hesperidin ingested)—of M2SH (70 ± 14%) formed mainly by 2S-diastereoisomer was significantly higher than the bioavailability of the MHEM (55 ± 15%) and HEM (43 ± 8.0%), which consisted of a mixture of both hesperidin diastereoisomers. Relative urinary excretion of hesperidin metabolites for MHEM (9.2 ± 1.6%) was significantly higher compared to the HEM (5.2 ± 0.81%) and M2SH (3.6 ± 1.0%). In conclusion, the bioavailability of 2S-hesperidin extract was higher compared to the standard mixture of 2S-/2R-hesperidin extract due to a greater formation of hesperidin catabolites. Furthermore, the micronization process increased hesperidin bioavailability.
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Maltose-Negative Yeast in Non-Alcoholic and Low-Alcoholic Beer Production. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8060273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although beer is a widely used beverage in many cultures, there is a need for a new drinking alternative in the face of rising issues such as health concerns or weight problems. However, non-alcoholic and low-alcoholic beers (NABLAB) still have some sensory problems that have not been fully remedied today, such as “wort-like”/”potato-like” flavours or a lack of aroma. These defects are due to the lack of alcohol (and the lack of the aldehyde-reducing effect of alcohol fermentation), as well as production techniques. The use of new yeast strains that cannot ferment maltose—the foremost sugar in the wort—is highly promising to produce a more palatable and sustainable NABLAB product because production with these yeast strains can be performed with standard brewery equipment. In the scientific literature, it is clear that interest in the production of NABLAB has increased recently, and experiments have been carried out with maltose-negative yeast strains isolated from many different environments. This study describes maltose-negative yeasts and their aromatic potential for the production of NABLAB by comprehensively examining recent academic studies.
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Systematic analysis of nutrigenomic effects of polyphenols related to cardiometabolic health in humans - Evidence from untargeted mRNA and miRNA studies. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 79:101649. [PMID: 35595185 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular and metabolic disorders present major causes of mortality in the ageing population. Polyphenols present in human diets possess cardiometabolic protective properties, however their underlying molecular mechanisms in humans are still not well identified. Even though preclinical and in vitro studies advocate that these bioactives can modulate gene expression, most studies were performed using targeted approaches. With the objective to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying polyphenols cardiometabolic preventive properties in humans, we performed integrative multi-omic bioinformatic analyses of published studies which reported improvements of cardiometabolic risk factors following polyphenol intake, together with genomic analyses performed using untargeted approach. We identified 5 studies within our criteria and nearly 5000 differentially expressed genes, both mRNAs and miRNAs, in peripheral blood cells. Integrative bioinformatic analyses (e.g. pathway and gene network analyses, identification of transcription factors, correlation of gene expression profiles with those associated with diseases and drug intake) revealed that these genes are involved in the processes such as cell adhesion and mobility, immune system, metabolism, or cell signaling. We also identified 27 miRNAs known to regulate processes such as cell cytoskeleton, chemotaxis, cell signaling, or cell metabolism. Gene expression profiles negatively correlated with expression profiles of cardiovascular disease patients, while a positive correlation was observed with gene expression profiles following intake of drugs against cardiometabolic disorders. These analyses further advocate for health protective effects of these bioactives against age-associated diseases. In conclusion, polyphenols can exert multi-genomic modifications in humans and use of untargeted methods coupled with bioinformatic analyses represent the best approach to decipher molecular mechanisms underlying healthy-ageing effects of these bioactives.
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Chen YP, Wang KX, Cai JQ, Li Y, Yu HL, Wu Q, Meng W, Wang H, Yin CH, Wu J, Huang MB, Li R, Guan DG. Detecting Key Functional Components Group and Speculating the Potential Mechanism of Xiao-Xu-Ming Decoction in Treating Stroke. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:753425. [PMID: 35646921 PMCID: PMC9136080 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.753425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a cerebrovascular event with cerebral blood flow interruption which is caused by occlusion or bursting of cerebral vessels. At present, the main methods in treating stroke are surgical treatment, statins, and recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Relatively, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has widely been used at clinical level in China and some countries in Asia. Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction (XXMD) is a classical and widely used prescription in treating stroke in China. However, the material basis of effect and the action principle of XXMD are still not clear. To solve this issue, we designed a new system pharmacology strategy that combined targets of XXMD and the pathogenetic genes of stroke to construct a functional response space (FRS). The effective proteins from this space were determined by using a novel node importance calculation method, and then the key functional components group (KFCG) that could mediate the effective proteins was selected based on the dynamic programming strategy. The results showed that enriched pathways of effective proteins selected from FRS could cover 99.10% of enriched pathways of reference targets, which were defined by overlapping of component targets and pathogenetic genes. Targets of optimized KFCG with 56 components can be enriched into 166 pathways that covered 80.43% of 138 pathways of 1,012 pathogenetic genes. A component potential effect score (PES) calculation model was constructed to calculate the comprehensive effective score of components in the components-targets-pathways (C-T-P) network of KFCGs, and showed that ferulic acid, zingerone, and vanillic acid had the highest PESs. Prediction and docking simulations show that these components can affect stroke synergistically through genes such as MEK, NFκB, and PI3K in PI3K-Akt, cAMP, and MAPK cascade signals. Finally, ferulic acid, zingerone, and vanillic acid were tested to be protective for PC12 cells and HT22 cells in increasing cell viabilities after oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). Our proposed strategy could improve the accuracy on decoding KFCGs of XXMD and provide a methodologic reference for the optimization, mechanism analysis, and secondary development of the formula in TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-peng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke-xin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, National Key Clinical Specialty/Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Neurosurgery Institute, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-qi Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-lang Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Handuo Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan-hui Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mian-bo Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Mian-bo Huang, ; Rong Li, ; Dao-gang Guan,
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Mian-bo Huang, ; Rong Li, ; Dao-gang Guan,
| | - Dao-gang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Mian-bo Huang, ; Rong Li, ; Dao-gang Guan,
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A Narrative Review of the Effects of Citrus Peels and Extracts on Human Brain Health and Metabolism. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091847. [PMID: 35565814 PMCID: PMC9103913 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As life expectancy increases, age-associated diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) become a major health problem. The onset of AD involves neurological dysfunction due to amyloid-β accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in the brain. In addition, lifestyle-related diseases-such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, and vascular dysfunction-increase the risk of developing dementia. The world population ages, prompting the development of new strategies to maintain brain health and prevent the onset of dementia in older and preclinical patients. Citrus fruits are abundant polymethoxylated flavone and flavanone sources. Preclinical studies reported that these compounds have neuroprotective effects in models of dementia such as AD. Interestingly, clinical and epidemiological studies appear to support preclinical evidence and show improved cognitive function and reduced associated disease risk in healthy individuals and/or patients. This review summarizes the recent evidence of the beneficial effects of citrus peels and extracts on human cognition and related functions.
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Maciejewska N, Olszewski M, Jurasz J, Serocki M, Dzierzynska M, Cekala K, Wieczerzak E, Baginski M. Novel chalcone-derived pyrazoles as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3703. [PMID: 35260633 PMCID: PMC8904451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07691-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is considered to account for approximately one-fifth of all malignant tumor-related deaths worldwide and is therefore one of the most lethal malignancies. Pyrazole scaffold possesses a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, which play important roles in medicinal chemistry. The present study reports the synthesis and in vitro biological characterization of nine pyrazoles derived from chalcones as potential anticancer agents for non-small cell lung cancer A-549, H226, and H460 cell lines. Most of the compounds efficiently inhibited the growth of all the tested cancer cell lines at micromolar concentrations. One of the most active compounds (PCH-1) was further evaluated for its effect on cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, migration, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, studies on the mechanism of action revealed that PCH-1 disrupts microtubule assembly, leading to cancer cell death. Molecular modeling studies confirmed the potent interaction of PCH-1 with the vinblastine binding site on tubulin. Overall, this study provides novel opportunities to identify anticancer agents in the pyrazole series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Maciejewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Olszewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jakub Jurasz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marcin Serocki
- Ryvu Therapeutics, Leona Henryka Sternbacha 2, 30-394, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Dzierzynska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Cekala
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Wieczerzak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maciej Baginski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
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History of Grape in Anatolia and Historical Sustainable Grape Production in Erzincan Agroecological Conditions in Turkey. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Anatolian peninsula has long been linked with the origins of viticulture and winemaking. Erzincan province in Anatolia hosted many civilizations in the past, and each civilization used grapes for different purposes. From past to present, viticulture carried out with the famous ‘Karaerik’ grape (Vitis vinifera L.) on old traditional Baran training system to avoid cold damage occurred in winter months. During the old civilizations, the cultivar was used only for wine production, but after the first period of the 1900s, this situation changed, and the cultivar was used for table consumption because wine is banned by Islam. The archaeological findings in Erzincan province revealed the cultivar has existed in the province for centuries, and in each historical period, the cultivar was used sustainably, added value to the region, and brought cultural heritage from generation to generation. Grape production in Erzincan province has been a symbol of abundance, fertility and productivity since mythological times. The historical facts indicated that viticulture and winemaking had been a dispensable part of the Erzincan economy and rural development. The vineyards apply the same sustainable management practices from which they receive their grapes. The traditional Baran training system is used for all vineyards. The viticulture in the province has been strongly committed to improving environmental and social sustainability throughout history.
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Matsui T. Polyphenols-absorption and occurrence in the body system. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.fstr-d-21-00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Matsui
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduated School of Kyushu University
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Li L, Jin N, Ji K, He Y, Li H, Liu X. Does chronic consumption of orange juice improve cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Food Funct 2022; 13:11945-11953. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02195a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This is the first meta-analysis that investigates the effects of chronic consumption of orange juice on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese adults, demonstrating beneficial effects on blood pressure and HDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Nini Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Ji
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueyue He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - He Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinqi Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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Verny MA, Milenkovic D, Macian N, Pereira B, Evrard R, Gilcher C, Steingass CB, Mosoni P, Gladine C, Monfoulet LE, Schweiggert R, Pickering G, Morand C. Evaluating the role of orange juice, HESPERidin in vascular HEALTH benefits (HESPER-HEALTH study): protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e053321. [PMID: 34848522 PMCID: PMC8634291 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although epidemiological studies associate the consumption of sugary beverages with adverse health effects, human experimental studies have demonstrated substantially different metabolic responses when 100% fruit juices are compared with artificial beverages. Fruit juices do not just provide sugars and associated calories, but they are also rich in bioactive compounds. Flavanones are bioactives specifically and abundantly found in citrus foods, with hesperidin as the major representative in sweet oranges. Flavanone intake has been associated with a lower incidence of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, clinical evidence are too scarce to confirm the vasculoprotective effects of 100% orange juice (OJ) presumably mediated by flavanones and thereby do not allow firm conclusions to be drawn about their efficacy. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The HESPER-HEALTH study aims to assess the efficacy of OJ in improving vascular function and the contribution of hesperidin to these effects. This double-blind, randomised, controlled, crossover study will be carried out in 42 volunteers predisposed to CVD, based on age and on overweight. It includes three 6-week periods of consumption of 330 mL/d of OJ versus control drinks with and without hesperidin at a dose in agreement with a daily OJ serving (approx. 200-215 mg). The primary outcome is endothelial function, assessed by flow mediated dilation, with measurements performed at fasting and postprandially in response to a challenge meal. The secondary outcomes include bioavailability and metabolism of flavanones, changes in other markers of vascular function, systemic biomarkers of cardiovascular risk, endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, vitamin C and carotenoids status, anthropometry and body composition, gut microbiota composition, nutrigenomic response and in oxylipin profiling. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This ongoing study was approved by the Ethics committee Sud-Est III, Bron, France on 17 November 2020. The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. The results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04731987; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicolas Macian
- Platform of Clinical Investigation Department, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, INSERM CIC 1405, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Clinical Research and Innovation Department, Biostatistics unit, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Rémy Evrard
- Platform of Clinical Investigation Department, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, INSERM CIC 1405, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Caroline Gilcher
- Chair of Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Department of Beverage Research, Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Christof B Steingass
- Chair of Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Department of Beverage Research, Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Pascale Mosoni
- Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - Ralf Schweiggert
- Chair of Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Department of Beverage Research, Geisenheim University, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Gisèle Pickering
- Platform of Clinical Investigation Department, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, INSERM CIC 1405, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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de Araújo Esteves Duarte I, Milenkovic D, Borges TK, de Lacerda de Oliveira L, Costa AM. Brazilian passion fruit as a new healthy food: from its composition to health properties and mechanisms of action. Food Funct 2021; 12:11106-11120. [PMID: 34651638 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01976g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Brazilian biodiversity is one of the largest in the world, with about 41 000 species cataloged within two global biodiversity hotspots: Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, the Brazilian savannah. Passiflora, known also as passion flowers, is a genus of which 96% of its species are distributed in the Americas, mainly Brazil and Colombia. Passion fruit extracts have a commercial value on a global scale through the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, self-care, and food and beverage industries. Passiflora are widely studied due to their potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, antidepressant and vascular and neuronal protective effects, probably owing to their content of polyphenols. Passiflora setacea DC is a species of wild passion fruit from the Brazilian Cerrado, rich in flavonoid C-glycosides, homoorientin, vitexin, isovitexin and orientin. Intake of these plant food bioactives has been associated with protection against chronic non-communicable diseases (CNDCs), including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aimed to discuss the varieties of Passiflora, their content in plant food bioactives and their potential molecular mechanisms of action in preventing or reversing CNDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella de Araújo Esteves Duarte
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasília DF 70.910-900, Brazil.
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Tatiana Karla Borges
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília DF 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Livia de Lacerda de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasília DF 70.910-900, Brazil.
| | - Ana Maria Costa
- Laboratory of Food Science, Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina DF 73.310-970, Brazil
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Fraga LN, Coutinho CP, Rozenbaum AC, Tobaruela EDC, Lajolo FM, Hassimotto NMA. Blood pressure and body fat % reduction is mainly related to flavanone phase II conjugates and minor extension by phenolic acid after long-term intake of orange juice. Food Funct 2021; 12:11278-11289. [PMID: 34713884 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02664j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hesperidin and narirutin are the major flavanones present in orange juice, and they are associated with a reduction in risk of cardiometabolic disease. However, there is heterogeneity in their biological responses, which is partly due to the large interindividual variation in these flavonoids' bioavailability. We investigated the relation between interindividual variability in the excretion of phase II conjugates and gut-derived phenolic acids, and cardiometabolic biomarkers response. Seventy-four subjects, both men and women, were included in a single-arm study. Over the 60 days, volunteers consumed 500 mL of orange juice daily. All measurements and blood collections were performed before and after the intervention period. Moreover, 24 h urine collection was performed after first consumption. Individuals were stratified according to the excretion of phase II conjugates and, for the first time, according to phenolic acids in high, medium, and low excretors. Furthermore, for the first time, the ratio between phenolic acids and flavanones-phase II conjugates has shown groups with different metabolization patterns. Groups with a low or intermediate ratio, corresponding to a higher amount of phase II conjugates excreted, showed a significant reduction in body fat % and blood pressure. This finding suggests that these improvements could be associated in a major way to flavanones-phase II conjugates, as well as to phenolic acids and stratification of volunteers according to metabolite excretions could be a good strategy to better understand the effects of orange juice on metabolism and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layanne Nascimento Fraga
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Camille Perella Coutinho
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Campos Rozenbaum
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Eric de Castro Tobaruela
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Franco Maria Lajolo
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Neuza Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
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