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Giudici K. Does Nutritional Supplementation Have a Disease-Modifying Effect on the Alzheimer's Disease Neurodegenerative Process? JAR LIFE 2024; 13:73-76. [PMID: 38803457 PMCID: PMC11129676 DOI: 10.14283/jarlife.2024.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Because nutrition is one of the main factors related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), questions arise about how taking nutrients as supplements can affect its pathophysiological process. In the present study, an overview of the potential effects of nutritional supplementation on the main biomarkers related to the AD pathophysiology (i.e., amyloid-β and tau) is explored. Trials testing the supplementation of single or combined nutrients versus placebo identified effects on some AD biomarkers, but changes were not always accompanied by positive effects on cognitive function. Differences in characteristics of studied populations (cognitive status, age, educational level), choice of nutrient combinations and doses, duration of intervention, and adjustments for potential confounders are some factors that may explain discrepancies in findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.V. Giudici
- Institute of Aging, Gerontopole of Toulouse, Toulouse University Hospital, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Jia Y, Li J, Wang Y, Ma Y, Chen L, Zhang H, Xue M, Liang H. Folic Acid Rescues Dopaminergic Neurons in MPTP-Induced Mice by Inhibiting the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Ameliorating Mitochondrial Impairment. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:5734-5745. [PMID: 38453725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra (SN), with neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction being key contributors. The neuroprotective potential of folic acid (FA) in the dopaminergic system of PD was assessed in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model. MPTP (20 mg/kg of body weight) was administered to C57BL/6J mice to simulate PD symptoms followed by FA treatment (5 mg/kg of body weight). Behavioral tests, pole, rotarod, and open-field tests, evaluated motor function, while immunohistochemistry, ELISA, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting quantified neuroinflammation, oxidative stress markers, and mitochondrial function. FA supplementation considerably improved motor performance, reduced homocysteine levels and mitigated oxidative damage in the SN. The FA-attenuated activation of the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome lessened glial cell activity and reduced neuroinflammation. At the molecular level, FA reduced DNA damage, downregulated phosphorylated p53, and induced the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), enhancing mitochondrial function. Therefore, FA exerts neuroprotection in MPTP-induced PD by inhibiting neuroinflammation via NLRP3 inflammasome suppression and promoting mitochondrial integrity through the p53-PGC-1α pathway. Notable limitations of our study include its reliance on a single animal model and the incompletely elucidated mechanisms underlying the impact of FA on mitochondrial dynamics. Future investigations will explore the clinical utility of FA and its molecular mechanisms, further advancing it as a potential therapeutic for managing and delaying the progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yina Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yiqing Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huaqi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Meilan Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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Erdélyi A, Pálfi E, Tűű L, Nas K, Szűcs Z, Török M, Jakab A, Várbíró S. The Importance of Nutrition in Menopause and Perimenopause-A Review. Nutrients 2023; 16:27. [PMID: 38201856 PMCID: PMC10780928 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Menopause is associated with an increased prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and osteoporosis. These diseases and unfavorable laboratory values, which are characteristic of this period in women, can be significantly improved by eliminating and reducing dietary risk factors. Changing dietary habits during perimenopause is most effectively achieved through nutrition counseling and intervention. To reduce the risk factors of all these diseases, and in the case of an already existing disease, dietary therapy led by a dietitian should be an integral part of the treatment. The following review summarizes the recommendations for a balanced diet and fluid intake, the dietary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, the role of sleep, and the key preventive nutrients in menopause, such as vitamin D, calcium, vitamin C, B vitamins, and protein intake. In summary, during the period of perimenopause and menopause, many lifestyle factors can reduce the risk of developing all the diseases (cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, and tumors) and symptoms characteristic of this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliz Erdélyi
- Hungarian Dietetic Association, 1034 Budapest, Hungary; (A.E.); (Z.S.)
- EndoCare Institute, Endocrinology Center, 1037 Budapest, Hungary; (L.T.); (K.N.)
| | - Erzsébet Pálfi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Dietetics and Nutritional Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Tűű
- EndoCare Institute, Endocrinology Center, 1037 Budapest, Hungary; (L.T.); (K.N.)
- School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Nas
- EndoCare Institute, Endocrinology Center, 1037 Budapest, Hungary; (L.T.); (K.N.)
- School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Szűcs
- Hungarian Dietetic Association, 1034 Budapest, Hungary; (A.E.); (Z.S.)
- School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marianna Török
- EndoCare Institute, Endocrinology Center, 1037 Budapest, Hungary; (L.T.); (K.N.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Attila Jakab
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Szabolcs Várbíró
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
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Kamath L, Ratageri VH, Kanthi AS, Fattepur SR, Desai RH. Status of Vitamin B12, Zinc, Copper, Selenium, Manganese, Molybdenum and Cobalt in Severe Acute Malnutrition. Indian J Pediatr 2023; 90:988-993. [PMID: 37142858 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04520-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To define the vitamin B12 levels and other micronutrients status in severe acute malnutrition (SAM) children. METHODS This was a prospective hospital based cross-sectional study. INCLUSION CRITERIA Children with severe acute malnutrition as per WHO criteria. EXCLUSION CRITERIA (i) Pernicious anemia (ii) Autoimmune gastritis (iii) SAM children on exclusive vitamin B12 supplementation. All enrolled children underwent a detailed clinical history, general physical examination with more emphasis on clinical features of vitamin B12 and other micronutrients deficiencies. Three ml of venous blood was collected to estimate vitamin B12 and other micronutrients. Primary outcome was percentage of deficiency of serum vitamin B12, zinc, copper, selenium, manganese, molybdenum and cobalt in SAM children. RESULTS Fifty children were included in the study. The mean age of children was 15.60±12.90 mo with male to female ratio 0.85:1. The common clinical presentation in order of frequency were upper respiratory infection (URI) symptoms 35 (70%), hepatomegaly 24 (48%), Hyperpigmentation 17 (34%), angular cheilitis 14 (28%), tremors 11 (22%), edema 07 (14%), and hypotonia 05 (10%). Anemia was found in 44 (88%) children. Prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency was 34%. Other micronutrient deficiencies observed were cobalt 24 (100%), copper 05 (12%), zinc 04 (9.5%), and molybdenum 03 (12.5%). No statistical significance was found between clinical symptoms and levels of vitamin B12 with different age and sex. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of low vitamin B12 and cobalt were more common than other micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmi Kamath
- Department of Pediatrics, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli-580021, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinod H Ratageri
- Department of Pediatrics, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli-580021, Karnataka, India.
| | - Apurva S Kanthi
- Department of Pediatrics, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli-580021, Karnataka, India
| | - S R Fattepur
- Department of Pediatrics, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli-580021, Karnataka, India
| | - R H Desai
- Department of Pediatrics, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli-580021, Karnataka, India
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Chen X, Zhang J, Lin Y, Li Y, Wang H, Wang Z, Liu H, Hu Y, Liu L. Mechanism, prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment caused by high altitude exposure. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1191058. [PMID: 37731540 PMCID: PMC10507266 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1191058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypobaric hypoxia (HH) characteristics induce impaired cognitive function, reduced concentration, and memory. In recent years, an increasing number of people have migrated to high-altitude areas for work and study. Headache, sleep disturbance, and cognitive impairment from HH, severely challenges the physical and mental health and affects their quality of life and work efficiency. This review summarizes the manifestations, mechanisms, and preventive and therapeutic methods of HH environment affecting cognitive function and provides theoretical references for exploring and treating high altitude-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiexin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Faculty of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Sichuan Xincheng Biological Co., LTD., Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The 77th Army Hospital, Leshan, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhanhao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huawei Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yonghe Hu
- Faculty of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Nikièma V, Kangas ST, Salpeteur C, Briend A, Talley L, Friis H, Ritz C, Nexo E, McCann A. Vitamin B12 Status before and after Outpatient Treatment of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children Aged 6-59 Months: A Sub-Study of a Randomized Controlled Trial in Burkina Faso. Nutrients 2023; 15:3496. [PMID: 37630687 PMCID: PMC10458940 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is treated with ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTF) containing a vitamin-mineral premix. Yet little is known about micronutrient status in children with SAM before and after treatment. We aimed to investigate vitamin B12 status in children with uncomplicated SAM, aged 6-59 months in Burkina Faso, before and after treatment with a standard or a reduced dose of RUTF. Blood samples were collected at admission and discharge. Serum B12 was determined with microbiological assay and serum methylmalonic acid (MMA) and total homocysteine (tHcy) were analyzed with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. B12 status was classified using the combined indicator (3cB12). Among 374 children, the median [interquartile range] age was 11.0 [7.7-16.9] months, and 85.8% were breastfed. Marked or severe B12 deficiency, as judged by 3cB12, decreased from 32% to 9% between admission and discharge (p < 0.05). No differences in B12 status following treatment with either standard (n = 194) or reduced (n = 180) doses of RUTF were observed. Breastfed children showed a lower B12 status (3cB12) than non-breastfed ones (-1.10 vs -0.18, p < 0.001 at admission; -0.44 vs 0.19; p < 0.001 at discharge). In conclusion, treatment of SAM with RUTF improved children's B12 status but did not fully correct B12 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Nikièma
- Expertise and Advocacy Department, Action Against Hunger (ACF), 93558 Montreuil, France;
| | - Suvi T. Kangas
- Airbel Impact Lab, International Rescue Committee, New York, NY 10168, USA;
| | - Cécile Salpeteur
- Expertise and Advocacy Department, Action Against Hunger (ACF), 93558 Montreuil, France;
| | - André Briend
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark; (A.B.); (H.F.); (C.R.)
- Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Leisel Talley
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA;
| | - Henrik Friis
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark; (A.B.); (H.F.); (C.R.)
| | - Christian Ritz
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark; (A.B.); (H.F.); (C.R.)
| | - Ebba Nexo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark;
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Galisteo C, de la Haba RR, Sánchez-Porro C, Ventosa A. Biotin pathway in novel Fodinibius salsisoli sp. nov., isolated from hypersaline soils and reclassification of the genus Aliifodinibius as Fodinibius. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1101464. [PMID: 36777031 PMCID: PMC9909488 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1101464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypersaline soils are extreme environments that have received little attention until the last few years. Their halophilic prokaryotic population seems to be more diverse than those of well-known aquatic systems. Among those inhabitants, representatives of the family Balneolaceae (phylum Balneolota) have been described to be abundant, but very few members have been isolated and characterized to date. This family comprises the genera Aliifodinibius and Fodinibius along with four others. A novel strain, designated 1BSP15-2V2T, has been isolated from hypersaline soils located in the Odiel Saltmarshes Natural Area (Southwest Spain), which appears to represent a new species related to the genus Aliifodinibius. However, comparative genomic analyses of members of the family Balneolaceae have revealed that the genera Aliifodinibius and Fodinibius belong to a single genus, hence we propose the reclassification of the species of the genus Aliifodinibius into the genus Fodinibius, which was first described. The novel strain is thus described as Fodinibius salsisoli sp. nov., with 1BSP15-2V2T (=CCM 9117T = CECT 30246T) as the designated type strain. This species and other closely related ones show abundant genomic recruitment within 80-90% identity range when searched against several hypersaline soil metagenomic databases investigated. This might suggest that there are still uncultured, yet abundant closely related representatives to this family present in these environments. In-depth in-silico analysis of the metabolism of Fodinibius showed that the biotin biosynthesis pathway was present in the genomes of strain 1BSP15-2V2T and other species of the family Balneolaceae, which could entail major implications in their community role providing this vitamin to other organisms that depend on an exogenous source of this nutrient.
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Wan Z, Zheng J, Zhu Z, Sang L, Zhu J, Luo S, Zhao Y, Wang R, Zhang Y, Hao K, Chen L, Du J, Kan J, He H. Intermediate role of gut microbiota in vitamin B nutrition and its influences on human health. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1031502. [PMID: 36583209 PMCID: PMC9792504 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1031502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B consists of a group of water-soluble micronutrients that are mainly derived from the daily diet. They serve as cofactors, mediating multiple metabolic pathways in humans. As an integrated part of human health, gut microbiota could produce, consume, and even compete for vitamin B with the host. The interplay between gut microbiota and the host might be a crucial factor affecting the absorbing processes of vitamin B. On the other hand, vitamin B supplementation or deficiency might impact the growth of specific bacteria, resulting in changes in the composition and function of gut microbiota. Together, the interplay between vitamin B and gut microbiota might systemically contribute to human health. In this review, we summarized the interactions between vitamin B and gut microbiota and tried to reveal the underlying mechanism so that we can have a better understanding of its role in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wan
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Lan Sang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinwei Zhu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shizheng Luo
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruirui Wang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yicui Zhang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Hao
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Juntao Kan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Juntao Kan,
| | - Hua He
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China,Hua He,
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Mustafa Khalid N, Haron H, Shahar S, Fenech M. Current Evidence on the Association of Micronutrient Malnutrition with Mild Cognitive Impairment, Frailty, and Cognitive Frailty among Older Adults: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15722. [PMID: 36497797 PMCID: PMC9736259 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient malnutrition is thought to play an important role in the cause of cognitive impairment and physical frailty. The purpose of this scoping review was to map current evidence on the association between micronutrient deficiency in blood and mild cognitive impairment, frailty, and cognitive frailty among older adults. The scoping review was conducted based on the 2005 methodological framework by Arksey and O'Malley. The search strategy for potential literature on micronutrient concentration in blood and cognitive frailty was retrieved based on the keywords using electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Ovid, and Science Direct) from January 2010 to December 2021. Gray literature was also included in the searches. A total of 4310 articles were retrieved and 43 articles were incorporated in the review. Findings revealed a trend of significant association between low levels of B vitamins (folate and vitamin B12), vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin E, omega 3 fatty acid, and albumin, and high homocysteine levels in blood with an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment among older adults. The results also indicated that low vitamin D levels, albumin, and antioxidants (lutein and zeaxanthin) in blood were significantly associated with frailty among older adults, while β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin in blood were inversely associated with the risk of cognitive frailty. Vitamin D and antioxidants seemed to be targeted nutrients for the prevention of cognitive frailty. In conclusion, a wide range of micronutrient deficiency was associated with either mild cognitive impairment or frailty; however, little evidence exists on the dual impairment, i.e., cognitive frailty. This scoping review can serve as preliminary evidence for the association between micronutrient deficiency in blood and mild cognitive impairment, frailty, and cognitive frailty among older adults and prove the relevancy of the topic for future systematic reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhayati Mustafa Khalid
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Haron
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Michael Fenech
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA 5048, Australia
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Dietary vitamin B6 restriction aggravates neurodegeneration in mice fed a high-fat diet. Life Sci 2022; 309:121041. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Samuel S, Manokaran K, Nayak K, Rao GM, Kamath U S. Vitamin B status and its impact in post-menopausal women: A review. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i4.1679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is an age-related naturally occurring phenomenon in women. Women generally attain menopause between the 40-58 years of age, during which they undergo several physiological changes that have an impact on their daily activities. The deficiency of B vitamins occurs mainly due to the dietary pattern, absorption and blood loss which may leads to health problems such as cognitive decline, osteoporosis, physical and mental imbalance. This review evaluated the published evidence on the vitamin B status and its impact in post-menopausal women. Selected data sources were searched for relevant literature (2010-2020) and included as per the set criteria using Prisma guidelines. The NIH quality questionnaire tool was used to rate the articles. Finally eleven articles were included for full length review having reports on the impact of B vitamins on bone loss, cognitive decline and physical activity. Existing evidences show that there is no association between B vitamins and bone loss. Very few studies are available which concluded association of B vitamin with cognitive decline and physical health. More studies are required to address this research gap.
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Wang L, Chen J, Li J, Hu F, Xie Y, Zhou X, Shen S, Zhou W, Zhu L, Wang T, Tu J, Bao H, Cheng X. Threshold effect of plasma total homocysteine levels on cognitive function among hypertensive patients in China: A cross-sectional study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:890499. [PMID: 36061998 PMCID: PMC9434013 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.890499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) is an influencing factor of cognitive impairment in the general population. However, studies on the relationship between the risk of cognitive impairment and plasma tHcy levels in patients with hypertension are limited. This study aimed to explore the association between plasma tHcy levels and cognitive function assessed by MMSE scores among hypertensive patients in China. Methods A total of 9,527 subjects from the Chinese Hypertension Registry Study participated in this study. Plasma tHcy levels were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence detector. Cognitive assessment was performed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Linear regression models, two piecewise linear regression models, and smoothing curve fitting were applied to determine the relationship between plasma tHcy levels and cognitive function. Results This analysis included 9,527 Chinese hypertensive adults. Based on the results of linear regression models, a negative relationship was identified between plasma tHcy levels and MMSE scores [beta coefficient (β) per standard deviation (SD) increase: −0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.35, −0.16, P < 0.001]. The fully adjusted smooth curve fitting presented a nonlinear between plasma tHcy levels and MMSE scores. The threshold effect analysis showed that the inflection point of tHcy was about 27.1 μmol/L. The effect size [β (95% CI)] per SD increase in plasma tHcy concentrations on MMSE scores was −0.93 (−1.24, −0.6) on the left side and −0.07 (−0.24, 0.10) on the right side of the inflection point (P-value for log-likelihood ratio (LLR) test was <0.001). Moreover, subgroup analyses revealed that sex could influence the negative association between plasma tHcy levels and MMSE scores up to a specific threshold (P-value for interaction <0.001). Linear regression models indicated that there was an enhanced inverse association between tHcy levels and MMSE scores in female patients with tHcy concentrations less than 26.9 μmol/L compared to male patients with tHcy concentrations less than 32.0 μmol/L. Conclusions Plasma tHcy levels had a threshold effect on MMSE scores among hypertensive patients in China. Increased plasma tHcy levels were independently inversely associated with cognitive decline among hypertensive patients with tHcy concentrations <27.1 μmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | | | - Junpei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanyou Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinlei Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Si Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lingjuan Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianglong Tu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huihui Bao
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Huihui Bao
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Xiaoshu Cheng
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13
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Early Life Stage Folic Acid Deficiency Delays the Neurobehavioral Development and Cognitive Function of Rat Offspring by Hindering De Novo Telomere Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136948. [PMID: 35805953 PMCID: PMC9266327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stage folate status may influence neurodevelopment in offspring. The developmental origin of health and disease highlights the importance of the period of the first 1000 days (from conception to 2 years) of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of early life stage folic acid deficiency on de novo telomere synthesis, neurobehavioral development, and the cognitive function of offspring rats. The rats were divided into three diet treatment groups: folate-deficient, folate-normal, and folate-supplemented. They were fed the corresponding diet from 5 weeks of age to the end of the lactation period. After weaning, the offspring rats were still fed with the corresponding diet for up to 100 days. Neurobehavioral tests, folic acid and homocysteine (Hcy) levels, relative telomere length in brain tissue, and uracil incorporation in telomere in offspring were measured at different time points. The results showed that folic acid deficiency decreased the level of folic acid, increased the level of Hcy of brain tissue in offspring, increased the wrong incorporation of uracil into telomeres, and hindered de novo telomere synthesis. However, folic acid supplementation increased the level of folic acid, reduced the level of Hcy of brain tissue in offspring, reduced the wrong incorporation of uracil into telomeres, and protected de novo telomere synthesis of offspring, which was beneficial to the development of early sensory-motor function, spatial learning, and memory in adolescence and adulthood. In conclusion, early life stage folic acid deficiency had long-term inhibiting effects on neurodevelopment and cognitive function in offspring.
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Nutrition, Overweight, and Cognition in Euthymic Bipolar Individuals Compared to Healthy Controls. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061176. [PMID: 35334832 PMCID: PMC8955549 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with impairments in cognitive functions, in which metabolic factors, e.g., overweight, seem to play a significant role. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between nutritional factors and cognitive performance in euthymic individuals with BD. A study cohort of 56 euthymic individuals with BD was compared to a sample of 53 mentally healthy controls. To assess cognitive function, the following tests were applied: California Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test A/B, d2 Test of Attention-Revised, and Stroop’s Color-Word Interference Test. Furthermore, a 4-day food record was processed to evaluate dietary intake of macronutrients, specific micronutrients, and food diversity. Body mass index and waist to height ratio were calculated to assess overweight and central obesity. Results showed no nutritional differences between individuals with BD and controls. Individuals with BD performed worse in the d2 test than controls. Hierarchical regression analyses yielded no association between cognitive and nutritional parameters. However, waist to height ratio was negatively correlated with almost all cognitive tests. Central obesity seems to affect cognitive functioning in BD, while the lack of finding differences in nutritional data might be due to problems when collecting data and the small sample size. Consequently, further studies focusing on objectively measuring food intake with adequate sample size are needed.
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15
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Can Nutrients and Dietary Supplements Potentially Improve Cognitive Performance Also in Esports? Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020186. [PMID: 35206801 PMCID: PMC8872051 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Factors influencing brain function and cognitive performance can be critical to athletic performance of esports athletes. This review aims to discuss the potential beneficial effects of micronutrients, i.e., vitamins, minerals and biologically active substances on cognitive functions of e-athletes. Minerals (iodine, zinc, iron, magnesium) and vitamins (B vitamins, vitamins E, D, and C) are significant factors that positively influence cognitive functions. Prevention of deficiencies of the listed ingredients and regular examinations can support cognitive processes. The beneficial effects of caffeine, creatine, and probiotics have been documented so far. There are many plant products, herbal extracts, or phytonutrients that have been shown to affect precognitive activity, but more research is needed. Beetroot juice and nootropics can also be essential nutrients for cognitive performance. For the sake of players’ eyesight, it would be useful to use lutein, which, in addition to improving vision and protecting against eye diseases, can also affect cognitive functions. In supporting the physical and mental abilities of e-athletes the base is a well-balanced diet with adequate hydration. There is a lack of sufficient evidence that has investigated the relationship between dietary effects and improved performance in esports. Therefore, there is a need for randomized controlled trials involving esports players.
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16
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Vitamin B12 Reduces TDP-43 Toxicity by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010082. [PMID: 35052586 PMCID: PMC8773243 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is a member of an evolutionarily conserved family of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins that modulate multiple steps in RNA metabolic processes. Cytoplasmic aggregation of TDP-43 in affected neurons is a pathological hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE). Mislocalized and accumulated TDP-43 in the cytoplasm induces mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxidative species (ROS) production. Here, we show that TDP-43- and rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in the human neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y were attenuated by hydroxocobalamin (Hb, vitamin B12 analog) treatment. Although Hb did not affect the cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP-43, Hb attenuated TDP-43-induced toxicity by reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, a shortened lifespan and motility defects in TDP-43-expressing Drosophila were significantly mitigated by dietary treatment with hydroxocobalamin. Taken together, these findings suggest that oral intake of hydroxocobalamin may be a potential therapeutic intervention for TDP-43-associated proteinopathies.
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Wu Y, Smith AD, Bastani NE, Refsum H, Kwok T. The dihydrofolate reductase 19-bp deletion modifies the beneficial effect of B-vitamin therapy in mild cognitive impairment: Pooled study of two randomized placebo-controlled trials. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 31:1151-1158. [PMID: 34788822 PMCID: PMC8976423 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher serum homocysteine is associated with cognitive decline in older people. But homocysteine-lowering trials including folic acid (FA) show inconsistent results on cognitive decline. The reduction of FA to dihydrofolate by dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is slow in humans. OBJECTIVE We examined the effects of the DHFR 19-bp deletion/insertion (del/ins) polymorphism on FA-containing treatment on cognitive decline and brain atrophy in older people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS This study used pooled data from two randomized B-vitamin trials on 545 MCI subjects who received either FA-containing B vitamins or placebo for 24 months. Subjects were typed for the DHFR genotype. Primary outcome was the Clinical Dementia Rating scale-global score (CDR-global). Secondary outcomes were CDR-sum of boxes score (CDR-SOB), memory and executive Z-scores, and whole brain atrophy rate by serial MRI. RESULTS The proportion of subjects with del/del, del/ins and ins/ins genotype were 29.5%, 44.3% and 26.1%, respectively. DHFR genotypes modified the effects of B vitamins on CDR-global, CDR-SOB and executive function Z-score (Pinteraction = 0.017, 0.014 and 0.052, respectively), with significant benefits being observed only in those with ins/ins genotype (Beta = -1.367, -0.614 and 0.315, P = 0.004, 0.014 and 0.012, respectively). The interaction was not significant for memory Z-score and whole brain atrophy rate. Notably, the supplements only slowed brain atrophy in members of the 'ins/ins' group who were not using aspirin. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that the beneficial effects of B vitamins including FA on cognitive function are only apparent in those with ins/ins genotype, i.e. relatively better preserved DHFR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A David Smith
- Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing (OPTIMA), Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nasser E Bastani
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helga Refsum
- Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing (OPTIMA), Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Timothy Kwok
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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18
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Vitamin B 12-folic acid supplementation regulates neuronal immediate early gene expression and improves hippocampal dendritic arborization and memory in old male mice. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105181. [PMID: 34509560 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
As the relationship among diet, brain aging and memory is complex, it provides ample opportunity for research in multiple directions including behaviour, epigenetics and neuroplasticity. Nutritional deficiencies together with genetic and environmental factors are the major cause of many age-associated pathologies including memory loss. A compromised vitamin B12-folate status in older people is highly prevalent worldwide. Researchers have established a close association between the adequate level of B12-folate and the maintenance of cognitive brain functions. One of the main reasons for age-associated memory loss is downregulation of neuronal immediate early genes (nIEGs). Therefore, we hypothesize here that vitamin B12-folic acid supplementation in old mice can improve memory by altering the expression status of nIEGs. To check this, 72-week-old male Swiss albino mice were orally administered with 2 μg of vitamin B12 and 22 μg of folic acid/mouse/day for eight weeks. Such supplementation improved recognition memory in old and altered the expression of nIEGs. The expression of nIEGs was further found to be regulated by changes in DNA methylation at their promoter regions and CREB phosphorylation (pCREB). In addition, Golgi-Cox staining showed significant improvement in dendritic length, number of branching points and spine density of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons by B12-folic acid supplementation. Taken together, these findings suggest that vitamin B12-folic acid supplementation regulates nIEGs expression and improves dendritic arborization of hippocampal neurons and memory in old male mice.
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19
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França VF, Barbosa AR, d’Orsi E. Vitamin B12, Folate and Cognitive Function in Older Adults from Southern Brazil. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12126-020-09389-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Li S, Guo Y, Men J, Fu H, Xu T. The preventive efficacy of vitamin B supplements on the cognitive decline of elderly adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:367. [PMID: 34134667 PMCID: PMC8207668 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The irreversibility of cognitive impairment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prompts that preventing or delaying the onset of AD should be a public health priority. Vitamin B supplements can lower the serum homocysteine (Hcy) level, but whether it can prevent cognitive decline or not remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the preventive efficacy of vitamin B supplements on the cognitive decline of elderly adults. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, PsycINFO from inception to December 1, 2019, and then updated the retrieved results on June 1, 2020. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which evaluated the efficacy of vitamin B in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients or elderly adults without cognitive impairment were selected. Standardized mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) as well as their 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated by performing random effects models or fixed effects models. Results A total of 21 RCTs involving 7571 participants were included for meta-analysis. The forest plots showed that there is significant effect in global cognitive function (15 RCTs, SMD: 0.36; 95 % CI: 0.18 to 0.54, P < 0.01) and Hcy (11 RCTs, MD: -4.59; 95 %CI: -5.51 to -3.67, P < 0.01), but there is no effect in information processing speed (10 RCTs, SMD: 0.06; 95 % CI: -0.12 to 0.25, P = 0.49), episodic memory (15 RCTs, SMD: 0.10; 95 % CI: -0.04 to 0.25, P = 0.16), executive function (11 RCTs, SMD: -0.21; 95 % CI: -0.49 to 0.06, P = 0.13). The value of effect size and heterogeneity did not vary apparently when excluding the low-quality studies, so we could believe that the results of meta-analysis were robust. Conclusions Vitamin B supplements might delay or maintain the cognitive decline of elderly adults. We can recommend that the vitamin B supplements should be considered as a preventive medication to MCI patients or elderly adults without cognitive impairment. More well-designed RCTs with large sample sizes were required to clarify the preventive efficacy in the future. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02253-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Li
- Department of Health Statistics, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, 032200, Fenyang, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xicheng District 100032, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Men
- Department of Basic Medicine, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, 032200, Fenyang, Shanxi, China
| | - Hanlin Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Health Statistics, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, 032200, Fenyang, Shanxi, China. .,Department of Physiology, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, 032200, Fenyang, Shanxi, China.
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21
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Fuzo CA, da Veiga Ued F, Moco S, Cominetti O, Métairon S, Pruvost S, Charpagne A, Carayol J, Torrieri R, Silva WA, Descombes P, Kaput J, Monteiro JP. Contribution of genetic ancestry and polygenic risk score in meeting vitamin B12 needs in healthy Brazilian children and adolescents. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11992. [PMID: 34099811 PMCID: PMC8184816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91530-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in genes related to the metabolism of vitamin B12 haven’t been examined in a Brazilian population.
To (a) determine the correlation between the local genetic ancestry components and vitamin B12 levels using ninety B12-related genes; (b) determine associations between these genes and their SNPs with vitamin B12 levels; (c) determine a polygenic risk score (PRS) using significant variants. This cross-sectional study included 168 children and adolescents, aged 9–13 years old. Total cobalamin was measured in plasma. Genotyping arrays and whole exome data were combined to yield ~ 7000 SNPs in 90 genes related to vitamin B12. The Efficient Local Ancestry Inference was used to estimate local ancestry for African (AFR), Native American, and European (EUR). The association between the genotypes and vitamin B12 levels were determined with generalized estimating equation.
Vitamin B12 levels were driven by positive (EUR) and negative (AFR, AMR) correlations with genetic ancestry. A set of 36 variants were used to create a PRS that explained 42% of vitamin level variation.
Vitamin B12 levels are influenced by genetic ancestry and a PRS explained almost 50% of the variation in plasma cobalamin in Brazilian children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alessandro Fuzo
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutics Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fábio da Veiga Ued
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Sofia Moco
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteite Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ornella Cominetti
- Nestlé Research, Société Des Produits Nestlé SA, EPFL Innovation Park, H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylviane Métairon
- Nestlé Research, Société Des Produits Nestlé SA, EPFL Innovation Park, H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Solenn Pruvost
- Nestlé Research, Société Des Produits Nestlé SA, EPFL Innovation Park, H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aline Charpagne
- Nestlé Research, Société Des Produits Nestlé SA, EPFL Innovation Park, H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Sophia Genetics, Campus Biotech, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Carayol
- Nestlé Research, Société Des Produits Nestlé SA, EPFL Innovation Park, H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raul Torrieri
- Center for Medical Genomics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Wilson Araujo Silva
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Patrick Descombes
- Nestlé Research, Société Des Produits Nestlé SA, EPFL Innovation Park, H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jim Kaput
- Nestlé Research, Société Des Produits Nestlé SA, EPFL Innovation Park, H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,, Vydiant, Folsom, CA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Pontes Monteiro
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-900, Brazil.
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22
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Ghosh S, Kumar V, Mukherjee H, Lahiri D, Roy P. Nutraceutical regulation of miRNAs involved in neurodegenerative diseases and brain cancers. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07262. [PMID: 34195404 PMCID: PMC8225984 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain is a well-connected, intricate network of neurons and supporting glial cells. Neurodegenerative diseases arise as a consequence of extensive loss of neuronal cells leading to disruption of their natural structure and function. On the contrary, rapid proliferation and growth of glial as well as neuronal cells account for the occurrence of malignancy in brain. In both cases, the molecular microenvironment holds pivotal importance in the progression of the disease. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are one of the major components of the molecular microenvironment. miRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that control gene expression post-transcriptionally. As compared to other tissues, the brain expresses a substantially high number of miRNAs. In the early stage of neurodegeneration, miRNA expression upregulates, while in oncogenesis, miRNA expression is gradually lost. Neurodegeneration and brain cancer is presumed to be under the influence of identical pathways of cell proliferation, differentiation and cell death which are tightly regulated by miRNAs. It has been confirmed experimentally that miRNA expression can be regulated by nutraceuticals - macronutrients, micronutrients or natural products derived from food; thereby making dietary supplements immensely significant for targeting miRNAs having altered expression patterns during neurodegeneration or oncogenesis. In this review, we will discuss in detail, about the common miRNAs involved in brain cancers and neurodegenerative diseases along with the comprehensive list of miRNAs involved separately in both pathological conditions. We will also discuss the role of nutraceuticals in the regulation of those miRNAs which are involved in both of these pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Ghosh
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
- Biomaterials and Multiscale Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
- Centre of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Viney Kumar
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Haimanti Mukherjee
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Debrupa Lahiri
- Biomaterials and Multiscale Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
- Centre of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
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23
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Muth AK, Park SQ. The impact of dietary macronutrient intake on cognitive function and the brain. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:3999-4010. [PMID: 34139473 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Macronutrients - carbohydrates, fats, and proteins - supply the nutrients required for optimal functioning. Inadequate intake compromises both physical and brain health. We synthesized research on macronutrients from whole meals on cognitive function in healthy adults and identified underlying mechanisms. Intake of simple carbohydrates ('sugars') is consistently associated with decreased global cognition whereas consumption of complex carbohydrates correlates with successful brain aging and improved memory both in the short- and long-term. Saturated fatty acid intake correlates with decreased memory and learning scores whereas omega-3 intake correlates positively with memory scores. Protein intake boosts executive function and working memory when task-demands are high. Individual differences affecting the macronutrient-cognition relationship are age, physical activity, and glucose metabolism. Neural correlates reflect findings on cognitive functions: cortical thickness and cerebral amyloid burden correlate with sugar intake, inflammatory status and cerebral glucose metabolism correlate with fatty acid intake. Key mechanisms by which dietary macronutrients affect the brain and cognition include glucose and insulin metabolism, neurotransmitter actions, and cerebral oxidation and inflammation. In conclusion, macronutrient intake affects cognitive function both acutely and in the long-term, involving peripheral and central mechanisms. A healthy diet supports brain integrity and functionality, whereas inadequate nutrition compromises it. Studying diet can be key to nutritional recommendations, thereby improving the landscape of mental health and healthy brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Katrin Muth
- Department of Decision Neuroscience and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Soyoung Q Park
- Department of Decision Neuroscience and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetes, Neuherberg, Germany.
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24
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Miki A, Kinno R, Ochiai H, Kubota S, Mori Y, Futamura A, Sugimoto A, Kuroda T, Kasai H, Yano S, Hieda S, Kokaze A, Ono K. Sex Differences in the Relationship of Serum Vitamin B1 and B12 to Dementia Among Memory Clinic Outpatients in Japan. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:667215. [PMID: 33897411 PMCID: PMC8064118 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.667215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia and cognitive impairment are considered to be one of the biggest social and medical problems. While there is a definite relationship between vitamin B and cognitive decline, this has yet to be fully assessed with regard to sex differences. Thus, the present study investigated the relationship of vitamin B1 or vitamin B12 with dementia in accordance with the sex in 188 patients who visited the Memory Clinic at Showa University Hospital in Japan from March 2016 to March 2019. Cognitive function was tested by the Japanese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Hasegawa Dementia Scale-Revised (HDS-R). Blood tests were performed to measure the vitamin levels. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) for dementia and the 95% confidence interval (CI). Compared to the highest vitamin group (third tertile), the lowest vitamin group (first tertile) exhibited a significantly increased OR for dementia defined by MMSE for vitamin B1 (OR:3.73, 95% CI:1.52–9.16) and vitamin B12 (2.97, 1.22–7.28) among women. In contrast, vitamin levels were not significantly associated with dementia determined by MMSE in men. These findings were similar even when dementia was defined by HDS-R. The present study suggests that vitamin B1 plays a role in preventing development of dementia in women. Future longitudinal studies will need to be undertaken in order to examine whether decreasing vitamin levels occur before or after cognitive impairment, and whether maintaining a higher vitamin level can prevent a worsening of cognitive function and the development of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Miki
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kinno
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ochiai
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satomi Kubota
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Mori
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinori Futamura
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Azusa Sugimoto
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuroda
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyo Kasai
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yano
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sotaro Hieda
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akatsuki Kokaze
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Ono
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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Effects of Vitamin B12 Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Depressive Symptoms, and Fatigue: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030923. [PMID: 33809274 PMCID: PMC8000524 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 is often used to improve cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and fatigue. In most cases, such complaints are not associated with overt vitamin B12 deficiency or advanced neurological disorders and the effectiveness of vitamin B12 supplementation in such cases is uncertain. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is to assess the effects of vitamin B12 alone (B12 alone), in addition to vitamin B12 and folic acid with or without vitamin B6 (B complex) on cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and idiopathic fatigue in patients without advanced neurological disorders or overt vitamin B12 deficiency. Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched. A total of 16 RCTs with 6276 participants were included. Regarding cognitive function outcomes, we found no evidence for an effect of B12 alone or B complex supplementation on any subdomain of cognitive function outcomes. Further, meta-regression showed no significant associations of treatment effects with any of the potential predictors. We also found no overall effect of vitamin supplementation on measures of depression. Further, only one study reported effects on idiopathic fatigue, and therefore, no analysis was possible. Vitamin B12 supplementation is likely ineffective for improving cognitive function and depressive symptoms in patients without advanced neurological disorders.
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Serum Vitamin Profile in Oral Lichen Planus Patients in Southwest of Iran. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8627435. [PMID: 33708994 PMCID: PMC7932776 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8627435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous disease. It is mainly an immune system-related disorder. Vitamins can modulate immune system functions, and thus, vitamin deficiency might have roles in exacerbating OLP. We aim to determine the serum levels of vitamins A, B12, C, D3, and E in OLP patients. Methods and Materials 34 OLP patients referred to Shiraz Dental School entered the study. Blood samples were collected and levels of A, B12, C, D3, and E vitamins were measured in serum. 43 healthy people were also included as the control group. Serum levels of vitamins were measured by HPLC (A, B12, D3, and E) and Kiazist analyzing kit (vitamin C). Results Most of the patients were female (62.3%), and the mean age of patients was 48.03 ± 11.57. Serum levels of vitamins A, C, and E were lower in OLP patients in comparison with the healthy group; however, the difference was not significant. Vitamins B12 and D3 were higher in the OLP group but the difference was not significant. Conclusion Serum levels of vitamins A, B12, C, D3, and E do not have a significant difference in OLP patients and healthy groups. These vitamins may not have a considerable role in OLP pathogenesis in the southwest of Iran.
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Nalder L, Zheng B, Chiandet G, Middleton LT, de Jager CA. Vitamin B12 and Folate Status in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults and Associations with Cognitive Performance. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:287-294. [PMID: 33575718 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1489-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine prevalence of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency and associations with cognitive performance in participants recruited for the Cognitive Health in Ageing Register: Investigational, Observational, and Trial Studies in Dementia Research: Prospective Readiness cOhort Study (CHARIOTPRO) SubStudy (CPRO-SS). DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of data collected in the screening phase for the CPRO-SS. SETTING Participants were recruited from the Chariot Register at Imperial College London comprising approximately 39,000 community dwelling volunteers. PARTICIPANTS Community dwelling individuals aged 60-85 years with B vitamin biomarker measures available were included (n=1946). After medical history and other exclusions, 1347 cognitively healthy participants were included for analysis of cognitive data. MEASUREMENTS Cognitive status was assessed with the Repeatable Battery for Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Assays included vitamin B12 and folate, followed by serum methylmalonic acid and homocysteine levels for those with low vitamin B12. Gender-specific linear regression analysis was performed for associations between cognition and biomarkers. Non-gender specific regression for groups graded by B vitamin deficiency severity were also performed. RESULTS Vitamin B12 deficiency (<148pmol/L) was found in 17.2% of individuals and folate deficiency (<10nmol/L) in 1% of our participants. Low vitamin B12 was associated with poorer memory (p<0.03) in men. A high BMI predicted poorer attention and visuospatial indices (p<0.05). A regression analysis by B12 level revealed associations with poorer attention (β -6.46; p=0.004) for the deficient group and with immediate memory (β -2.99; p=0.019) for those categorised as severely deficient. CONCLUSION Older men and women are prone to vitamin B12 deficiency with associated subtle and different domain-specific disruptive effects in measures of memory and attention. Elevated homocysteine and methylmalonic acid contributed to poorer cognitive performance. Novel groups at particular risk of cognitive deficit were identified for future interventional studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nalder
- Celeste A. de Jager, Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, , Tel: +44 020 33110323
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Bailey RL, Jun S, Murphy L, Green R, Gahche JJ, Dwyer JT, Potischman N, McCabe GP, Miller JW. High folic acid or folate combined with low vitamin B-12 status: potential but inconsistent association with cognitive function in a nationally representative cross-sectional sample of US older adults participating in the NHANES. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112:1547-1557. [PMID: 32860400 PMCID: PMC8184300 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potential safety concerns relative to impaired cognitive function may exist when high folic acid exposures are combined with low vitamin B-12 status. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the relation of the coexistence of high folate and low vitamin B-12 status with cognitive function, utilizing various definitions of "high" folate status. METHODS Cross-sectional data from older adults (≥60 y; n = 2420) from the 2011-2014 NHANES were analyzed. High folate status was defined as unmetabolized serum folic acid (UMFA) > 1 nmol/L or serum total folate > 74.1 nmol/L, and low vitamin B-12 status as methylmalonic acid > 271 nmol/L or serum vitamin B-12 < 150 pmol/L. Logistic regression models estimated ORs of scoring low on 1 of 4 cognitive tests: the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Delayed Recall (CERAD-DR) and Word Learning tests, and the Animal Fluency test (AF). RESULTS A significant interaction was observed relative to scoring low on the DSST (<34; UMFA; P-interaction = 0.0071) and AF (serum folate; P-interaction = 0.0078) for low vitamin B-12 and high folate status. Among those with low vitamin B-12, high UMFA or high serum total folate was associated with higher risk of scoring low on the DSST (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.05, 4.47) and the AF (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.08, 3.45). Among those with "normal" vitamin B-12, higher UMFA or serum total folate was protective on the CERAD-DR. In noninteraction models, when high folate and normal vitamin B-12 status was the reference group, low vitamin B-12 combined with high UMFA was associated with greater risk based on the DSST (<34, OR: 2.87; 95% CI: 1.85, 4.45; <40, OR: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.31, 3.75) and AF (OR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.30, 2.97); but low vitamin B-12 and lower UMFA (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.47) was also significantly associated for DSST < 40 risk. CONCLUSIONS Low vitamin B-12 was associated with cognitive impairment both independently and in an interactive manner with high folate for certain cognitive performance tests among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Lisa Murphy
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Ralph Green
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of
California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Johanna T Dwyer
- Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH, Bethesda,
MD, USA
- Frances Stern Nutrition Center, Tufts Medical
Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at
Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - George P McCabe
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University,
West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Joshua W Miller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers
University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Behrens A, Graessel E, Pendergrass A, Donath C. Vitamin B-Can it prevent cognitive decline? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2020; 9:111. [PMID: 32414424 PMCID: PMC7229605 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01378-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of cognitive decline represents substantial issues in today's society, steadily gaining importance with increasing life expectancy. One potential approach to preventing cognitive decline is to lower homocysteine by administering vitamin B. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we address this topic and investigate whether oral supplementation of vitamin B can successfully prevent cognitive decline in cognitively unimpaired individuals. METHODS A computerized systematic literature search was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Eligibility criteria included oral supplementation with vitamin B (B1, B6, folic acid, and B12) and the absence of cognitive impairment. A meta-analysis was conducted with "global cognition" as the primary outcome of this review. Secondary outcomes were changes in cognitive function in other cognitive domains reported in the included studies. Risk of bias was assessed according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the GRADE approach to establish the overall certainty of the evidence. RESULTS The meta-analysis did not yield a significant overall effect of supplementation with vitamin B on cognitive function (Z = 0.87; p = 0.39; SMD, 0.02; 95% CI, - 0.034, 0.08). A sensitivity analysis focusing on specific risk factors did not alter this result. Some studies reported isolated significant effects of the intervention on secondary outcomes. However, these findings were outnumbered by the number of cognitive tests that did not yield significant effects. DISCUSSION We found no overall evidence that oral vitamin B supplementation prevented cognitive decline. The isolated significant effects that were reported could be attributed to methodological issues. The results of this review do not provide evidence that population groups with certain risk factors would profit more from the intervention than others. Our findings do not apply to forms of administration other than oral supplementation nor do they offer information regarding the treatment of cognitively impaired individuals via the administration of vitamin B. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42017071692.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Behrens
- Center of Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Elmar Graessel
- Center of Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Pendergrass
- Center of Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carolin Donath
- Center of Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
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De Las Heras J, Diez I, Jimenez-Marin A, Cabrera A, Ramos-Usuga D, Diaz-Fernandez MV, Torices L, Nunes-Xavier CE, Pulido R, Arango-Lasprilla JC, Cortes JM. Brain Circuit Alterations and Cognitive Disability in Late-Onset Cobalamin D Disorder. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E990. [PMID: 32252256 PMCID: PMC7231091 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9040990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies describing brain circuits' alterations in cobalamin (vitamin B12)-deficient patients are limited and have not been carried out in patients with inborn errors of cobalamin metabolism. The objective of this study was to assess brain functionality and brain circuit alterations in a patient with an ultra-rare inborn error of cobalamin metabolism, methylmalonic aciduria, and homocystinuria due to cobalamin D disease, as compared with his twin sister as a healthy control (HC). We acquired magnetic resonance imaging (including structural, functional, and diffusion images) to calculate brain circuit abnormalities and combined these results with the scores after a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. As compared with HC, the patient had severe patterns of damage, such as a 254% increment of ventricular volume, pronounced subcortical and cortical atrophies (mainly at striatum, cingulate cortex, and precuneus), and connectivity alterations at fronto-striato-thalamic circuit, cerebellum, and corpus callosum. In agreement with brain circuit alterations, cognitive deficits existed in attention, executive function, inhibitory control, and mental flexibility. This is the first study that provides the clinical, genetic, neuroanatomical, neuropsychological, and psychosocial characterization of a patient with the cobalamin D disorder, showing functional alterations in central nervous system motor tracts, thalamus, cerebellum, and basal ganglia, that, as far as we know, have not been reported yet in vitamin B12-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier De Las Heras
- Division of Pediatric Metabolism, Cruces University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (J.D.L.H.); (M.V.D.-F.)
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Ibai Diez
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- Neurotechnology Laboratory, Tecnalia Health Department, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Antonio Jimenez-Marin
- Computational Neuroimaging Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Doctorate Program, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | | | - Daniela Ramos-Usuga
- Biomedical Research Doctorate Program, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | - Leire Torices
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (L.T.); (C.E.N.-X.); (R.P.)
| | - Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (L.T.); (C.E.N.-X.); (R.P.)
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (L.T.); (C.E.N.-X.); (R.P.)
- IKERBASQUE. Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- IKERBASQUE. Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Jesus M. Cortes
- Computational Neuroimaging Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- IKERBASQUE. Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
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Boston PF, McKirdy SJ, Al-Turki MA, Barker ME, Russell JM. Vitamin B12 and folate levels in progression of Alzheimer's disease - a short report. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2020; 24:68-70. [PMID: 31661337 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2019.1681457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: The status of vitamin B12 and folate has been implicated in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease.Methods: The study explored this issue through a retrospective case-control study design, with follow up of the case group for 18 months. The case group (n = 136) comprised patients 65 years or older diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and having a Mini-mental State Examination score (MMSE) of ≤ 27. The control group comprised healthy adults 65 years or older (n = 338) with a MMSE score of >27.Results: Vitamin B12 and folate levels were not found to differ between case and control groups. B12 and folate status at baseline was not predictive of disease progression in the case group.Discussion: This lack of association differs from other studies which have shown a protective effect of vitamin B12 and folate on cognitive decline.KEY POINTSThe findings of this study do not confirm evidence suggesting an effect of vitamin B12 and folate levels on development and progression of Alzheimer's disease.Folate and B12 levels were similar in the Alzheimer's group to those of healthy controls.Folate and B12 levels at initial assessment were not predictive of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stuart J McKirdy
- Old Age Psychiatry, Longley Centre, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Maha A Al-Turki
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Margo E Barker
- Food and Nutrition Group, Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jean M Russell
- Corporate Information and Computing Services, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Lv X, Wang X, Wang Y, Zhou D, Li W, Wilson JX, Chang H, Huang G. Folic acid delays age-related cognitive decline in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8: alleviating telomere attrition as a potential mechanism. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:10356-10373. [PMID: 31757935 PMCID: PMC6914419 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of telomere attrition in brain may cause senescence and death of neurons, leading to cognitive decline. Folic acid (FA) has been reported to improve cognitive performance in mild cognitive impairment; however, its association with telomere remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate if alleviation of telomere attrition by FA supplementation could act as a potential mechanism to delay age-related cognitive decline in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8). Aged SAMP8 mice were assigned to four treatment groups: FAdeficient diet (FA-D) group, FA-normal diet (FA-N) group, low FA-supplemented diet (FA-L) group and high FAsupplemented diet (FA-H) group. There was also an age-matched senescence-accelerated mouse resistant 1 (SAMR1) control group (Con-R), and a young SAMP8 control group (Con-Y). The results demonstrated that FA supplementation delayed age-related cognitive decline and neurodegeneration in SAMP8 mice. Importantly, this effect could be attributed to the alleviated telomere attrition, which might be interpreted by the decreased levels of reactive oxygen species. Additionally, improved telomere integrity stimulated mitochondrial function via telomere-p53-mithondria pathway, consequently delayed neuronal degeneration. In conclusion, we demonstrate that FA supplementation delays age-related neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in SAMP8 mice, in which alleviated telomere attrition could serve as one influential factor in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yalan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Dezheng Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - John X. Wilson
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
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Moretti R, Peinkhofer C. B Vitamins and Fatty Acids: What Do They Share with Small Vessel Disease-Related Dementia? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5797. [PMID: 31752183 PMCID: PMC6888477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have been written on vitamin supplementation, fatty acid, and dementia, but results are still under debate, and no definite conclusion has yet been drawn. Nevertheless, a significant amount of lab evidence confirms that vitamins of the B group are tightly related to gene control for endothelium protection, act as antioxidants, play a co-enzymatic role in the most critical biochemical reactions inside the brain, and cooperate with many other elements, such as choline, for the synthesis of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine, through S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) methyl donation. B-vitamins have anti-inflammatory properties and act in protective roles against neurodegenerative mechanisms, for example, through modulation of the glutamate currents and a reduction of the calcium currents. In addition, they also have extraordinary antioxidant properties. However, laboratory data are far from clinical practice. Many studies have tried to apply these results in everyday clinical activity, but results have been discouraging and far from a possible resolution of the associated mysteries, like those represented by Alzheimer's disease (AD) or small vessel disease dementia. Above all, two significant problems emerge from the research: No consensus exists on general diagnostic criteria-MCI or AD? Which diagnostic criteria should be applied for small vessel disease-related dementia? In addition, no general schema exists for determining a possible correct time of implementation to have effective results. Here we present an up-to-date review of the literature on such topics, shedding some light on the possible interaction of vitamins and phosphatidylcholine, and their role in brain metabolism and catabolism. Further studies should take into account all of these questions, with well-designed and world-homogeneous trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Moretti
- Neurology Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
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McKee SE, Reyes TM. Effect of supplementation with methyl-donor nutrients on neurodevelopment and cognition: considerations for future research. Nutr Rev 2019; 76:497-511. [PMID: 29701796 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy represents a critical period in fetal development, such that the prenatal environment can, in part, establish a lifelong trajectory of health or disease for the offspring. Poor nutrition (macro- or micronutrient deficiencies) can adversely affect brain development and significantly increase offspring risk for metabolic and neurological disease development. The concentration of dietary methyl-donor nutrients is known to alter DNA methylation in the brain, and alterations in DNA methylation can have long-lasting effects on gene expression and neuronal function. The decreased availability of methyl-donor nutrients to the developing fetus in models of poor maternal nutrition is one mechanism hypothesized to link maternal malnutrition and disease risk in offspring. Animal studies indicate that supplementation of both maternal and postnatal (early- and later-life) diets with methyl-donor nutrients can attenuate disease risk in offspring; however, clinical research is more equivocal. The objective of this review is to summarize how specific methyl-donor nutrient deficiencies and excesses during pre- and postnatal life alter neurodevelopment and cognition. Emphasis is placed on reviewing the current literature, highlighting challenges within nutrient supplementation research, and considering potential strategies to ensure robust findings in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E McKee
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Teresa M Reyes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Durán-Viseras A, Andrei AS, Ghai R, Sánchez-Porro C, Ventosa A. New Halonotius Species Provide Genomics-Based Insights Into Cobalamin Synthesis in Haloarchaea. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1928. [PMID: 31507553 PMCID: PMC6719526 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypersaline aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems display a cosmopolitan distribution. These environments teem with microbes and harbor a plethora of prokaryotic lineages that evaded ecological characterization due to the prior inability to cultivate them or to access their genomic information. In order to close the current knowledge gap, we performed two sampling and isolation campaigns in the saline soils of the Odiel Saltmarshes and the salterns of Isla Cristina (Huelva, Spain). From the isolated haloarchaeal strains subjected to high-throughput phylogenetic screening, two were chosen (F15BT and F9-27T) for physiological and genomic characterization due of their relatedness to the genus Halonotius. Comparative genomic analyses were carried out between the isolated strains and the genomes of previously described species Halonotius pteroides CECT 7525T, Halonotius aquaticus F13-13T and environmentaly recovered metagenome-assembled representatives of the genus Halonotius. The topology of the phylogenomic tree showed agreement with the phylogenetic ones based on 16S rRNA and rpoB' genes, and together with average amino acid and nucleotide identities suggested the two strains as novel species within the genus. We propose the names Halonotius terrestris sp. nov. (type strain F15BT = CECT 9688T = CCM 8954T) and Halonotius roseus sp. nov. (type strain F9-27T = CECT 9745T = CCM 8956T) for these strains. Comparative genomic analyses within the genus highlighted a typical salt-in signature, characterized by acidic proteomes with low isoelectric points, and indicated heterotrophic aerobic lifestyles. Genome-scale metabolic reconstructions revealed that the newly proposed species encode all the necessary enzymatic reactions involved in cobalamin (vitamin B12) biosynthesis. Based on the worldwide distribution of the genus and its abundance in hypersaline habitats we postulate that its members perform a critical function by being able to provide "expensive" commodities (i.e., vitamin B12) to the halophilic microbial communities at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Durán-Viseras
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Adrian-Stefan Andrei
- Department of Aquatic Microbial Ecology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Rohit Ghai
- Department of Aquatic Microbial Ecology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Porro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Ventosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Jang S, Han JW, Shin J, Kim TH, Kwak KP, Kim K, Kim BJ, Kim SG, Kim JL, Kim TH, Moon SW, Park JY, Park JH, Byun S, Suh SW, Seo J, So Y, Ryu SH, Youn JC, Lee KH, Lee DY, Lee DW, Lee SB, Lee JJ, Lee JR, Jeong H, Jeong HG, Jhoo JH, Han K, Hong JW, Kim KW. Normal-But-Low Serum Folate Levels and the Risks for Cognitive Impairment. Psychiatry Investig 2019; 16:532-538. [PMID: 31352735 PMCID: PMC6664218 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.05.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between normal-but-low folate levels and cognitive function in the elderly population using a prospective cohort study. METHODS We analyzed 3,910 participants whose serum folate levels were within the normal reference range (1.5-16.9 ng/mL) at baseline evaluation in the population-based prospective cohort study named the "Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia." The association between baseline folate quartile categories and baseline cognitive disorders [mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia] was examined using binary logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounding variables. The risks of incident MCI and dementia associated with the decline of serum folate level during a 4-year follow-up period were examined using multinomial logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The lowest quartile group of serum folate (≥1.5, ≤5.9 ng/mL) showed a higher risk of cognitive disorders than did the highest quartile group at baseline evaluation (odds ratio 1.314, p=0.012). Over the 4 years of follow-up, the risk of incident dementia was 2.364 times higher among subjects whose serum folate levels declined from the 2nd-4th quartile group to the 1st quartile than among those for whom it did not (p=0.031). CONCLUSION Normal-but-low serum folate levels were associated with the risk of cognitive disorders in the elderly population, and a decline to normal-but-low serum folate levels was associated with incident dementia. Maintaining serum folate concentration above 5.9 ng/mL may be beneficial for cognitive status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soomin Jang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Han
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Shin
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hui Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Phil Kwak
- Department of Psychiatry, Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kayoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Jo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Gyeom Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Lan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Woo Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Park
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hyuk Park
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonjeong Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Wan Suh
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeong Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseop So
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Ryu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Chul Youn
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyunggi Provincial Hospital for the Elderly, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Hwan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Bongseng Memorial Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Bum Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Jae Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Ri Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ghang Jeong
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyeong Jhoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhee Han
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Woo Hong
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Woong Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee H, Kim D, Lee W, Kim HY, Kim Y. Preventive approach for overcoming dementia. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:647-657. [PMID: 31187441 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01168-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dementia is used as a general term to describe chronic disorders of mental processes caused by the deterioration of cognitive functions to the extent that one's ability to perform daily activities is impaired. Currently, age is known to be the main risk factor for dementia, suggesting that the risk of being diagnosed with dementia significantly increases later in one's life. Therefore, there are two approaches one can take when confronting dementia: to cure it when it occurs in late adulthood or to prevent the onset of symptoms beforehand. Recently, the latter strategy of delaying and preventing Alzheimer's disease, the most prevalent form and most studied type of dementia, through both pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical interventions is becoming increasingly recognized. In this review, we discuss studies conducted in various fields that addresses nonpharmaceutical lifestyle interventions, including diet, physical activity, cognitive stimulation, and social engagement, and their effects in preventing and inhibiting dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- HeeYang Lee
- Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - DaWon Kim
- Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Woogyeong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Yun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea.
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea.
| | - YoungSoo Kim
- Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea.
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea.
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Gómez-Gómez ME, Zapico SC. Frailty, Cognitive Decline, Neurodegenerative Diseases and Nutrition Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112842. [PMID: 31212645 PMCID: PMC6600148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently the human population is aging faster. This leads to higher dependency rates and the transformation of health and social care to adapt to this aged population. Among the changes developed by this population is frailty. It is defined as a clinically detectable syndrome, related to the aging of multiple physiological systems, which prompts a situation of vulnerability. The etiology of frailty seems to be multifactorial and its pathophysiology is influenced by the interaction of numerous factors. Morley et al. propose four main mechanisms triggering the frailty: atherosclerosis, sarcopenia, cognitive deterioration and malnutrition, with their respective metabolic alterations. Malnutrition is associated with cognitive impairment or functional loss, but it is also known that an inadequate nutritional status predisposes to cognitive frailty. Additionally, nutritional factors that may influence vascular risk factors will potentially have an effect on dementia decline among patients with cognitive frailty. This review aims to describe the nutritional factors that have been researched so far which may lead to the development of frailty, and especially cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara C Zapico
- International Forensic Research Institute and Chemistry Department, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8 St., CP323, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
- Anthropology Department, Smithsonian Institution, NMNH, MRC 112, 10th and Constitution Ave, NW, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20560, USA.
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Úbeda N, Partearroyo T, Varela-Moreiras G. Adequate or elevated dietary folate does not ameliorate the reduced antioxidant capacity induced by vitamin B 12 deficiency in aged rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 90:239-248. [PMID: 30747607 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Folate could have an antioxidant role but also may be detrimental under vitamin B12 deficiency. The aim was to investigate the effect of different dietary folic acid (FA) levels, on oxidative stress in B12 induced deficient aged rats. Thirty-five male aged Sprague-Dawley rats, were fed either a vitamin B12 deficient (n = 27) or a control diet (n = 8) during eight weeks. Then, animals were divided into four groups: B12 and FA deficient diet (DBDF), B12 deficient diet and FA control diet (DBCF), B12 deficient diet and FA supplemented diet (DBSF), and control diet (CBCF) for a 30 days period. Methionine metabolism and antioxidant status were evaluated. Both vitamins deficiencies elevated serum homocysteine (Hcy) (7.7 vs. 4.3 μmol/L, p < 0.05) and reduced S-adenosylmethionine hepatic content (283.7 vs. 581.9 μg/g protein, p < 0.05), the total antioxidant capacity (155.7 vs. 189.3 μmol/L, p < 0.05), glutathione (GSH) (120.5 vs. 419.9 μg/mg protein, p < 0.05) and oxidized glutathione (0.9 vs. 2.6 μg/mg protein, p < 0.05) compared to control. Activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase enzymes or damage to macromolecules were unaffected. Adequate or elevated dietary FA in B12 deficiency rats decreased Hcy (5.7 and 6.3 μmol/L, respectively) and increased total antioxidant capacity (189.8 and 192.6 μmol/L, respectively) to values similar to control group, whereas GSH concentration was significantly lower than control (209.1 and 208.0 μg/mg protein respectively, p < 0.05). In conclusion, in a vitamin B12 deficiency status, adequate or elevated FA prevented impairment in one-carbon metabolism, but does not fully reverse the decrease in antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Úbeda
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences. Universidad CEU San Pablo, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Partearroyo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences. Universidad CEU San Pablo, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gregorio Varela-Moreiras
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences. Universidad CEU San Pablo, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
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Craenen K, Verslegers M, Baatout S, Abderrafi Benotmane M. An appraisal of folates as key factors in cognition and ageing-related diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:722-739. [PMID: 30729795 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1549017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) is often consumed as a food supplement and can be found in fortified staple foods in various western countries. Even though FA supplementation during pregnancy is known to prevent severe congenital anomalies in the developing child (e.g., neural tube defects), much less is known about its influence on cognition and neurological functioning. In this review, we address the advances in this field and situate how folate intake during pregnancy, postnatal life, adulthood and in the elderly affects cognition. In addition, an association between folate status and ageing, dementia and other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is discussed. While its role in the incidence and severity of these diseases is becoming apparent, the underlying action of folates and related metabolites remains elusive. Finally, the potential of FA as a nutraceutical has been proposed, although the efficacy will highly depend on the interplay with other micronutrients, the disease stage and the duration of supplementation. Hence, the lack of consistent data urges for more animal studies and (pre)clinical trials in humans to ascertain a potential beneficial role for folates in the treatment or amelioration of cognitive decline and ageing-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Craenen
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium.,Biology Department, Research Group Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Verslegers
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
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Seo Y, Je Y. A comparative study of dietary habits and nutritional intakes among Korean adults according to current depression status. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2018; 10:e12321. [PMID: 29786945 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data regarding the association between depression and dietary factors in Korean adults are limited. We hypothesized that Korean men and women with depression would have poorer nutritional intakes and different dietary habits than those without depression. METHODS This study was based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted during 2012 to 2014. Overall, 10 591 subjects (4308 men, 6529 women) aged 19 to 64 years were selected and categorized according to current depression status. Food and nutrient intakes were estimated using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. RESULTS Compared with non-depression, depression was associated with a higher body mass index and likelihood of a separated/divorced/widowed status, in addition to lower physical activity and employment rates. After adjusting for multiple variables, men with depression had lower intakes of rice cakes (P = 0.017) and eggs (P = 0.039) and a higher intake of chocolate (P = 0.040) than their non-depressed counterparts. Women with depression had a higher intake of carbonated drinks than those without depression (P = 0.015). However, the groups did not differ significantly in terms of nutrient intakes. A multivariable logistic regression analysis of dietary habits showed that depression correlated inversely with eating out (≥1 time/day vs <1 time/month) among men [odds ratio (OR) = 0.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10-0.55] and women (OR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.05-0.35) and positively with a lower number of daily meals (<3 vs ≥3) among women (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.01-2.11). DISCUSSION Current depression status was associated with differences in some specific dietary intakes and habits in a sample of Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Seo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youjin Je
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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McKee SE, Zhang S, Chen L, Rabinowitz JD, Reyes TM. Perinatal high fat diet and early life methyl donor supplementation alter one carbon metabolism and DNA methylation in the brain. J Neurochem 2018; 145:362-373. [PMID: 29423909 PMCID: PMC6288810 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
One carbon metabolism is regulated by the availability of nutrients known as methyl donors, and disruption of this pathway can affect multiple physiological systems. DNA methylation, critical for the regulation of gene expression, is linked to one carbon metabolism, and can be altered by perinatal diet. In this study, dams (n = 12/group) were fed HF or standard control (SC) diet through pregnancy and lactation, and male and female offspring were then fed either SC or methyl donor-supplemented diet (MDS) between 3 and 6 weeks of age (n = 20-26/group). Concentration of one carbon intermediates and other related metabolites were assessed within brain tissue (prefrontal cortex, PFC) through the use of mass spectrometry at 6 weeks of age. In addition, the expression of target genes and enzymes that participate in DNA methylation or are relevant to one carbon metabolism were measured. We found that MDS increases the concentration of folate intermediates in the PFC, and that this increase is blunted in male offspring from dams fed a HF diet. In addition, perinatal HF diet increased the concentration of cysteine in the PFC of both male and female offspring, consistent with oxidative stress. Furthermore, both maternal HF diet and postnatal MDS altered global DNA methylation in the PFC in males but not females. Collectively, these data demonstrate sex differences in changes in one carbon metabolites in the prefrontal cortex in response to early life high fat diet and methyl donor supplementation. Read the Editorial Highlight for this article on page 358.
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Affiliation(s)
- SE McKee
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
| | - L Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
| | - JD Rabinowitz
- Department of Chemistry and Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
| | - TM Reyes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45237, United States
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Zheng Y, Ma AG, Zheng MC, Wang QZ, Liang H, Han XX, Schouten EG. B Vitamins Can Reduce Body Weight Gain by Increasing Metabolism-related Enzyme Activities in Rats Fed on a High-Fat Diet. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:174-183. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1862-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Harding A, Gonder U, Robinson SJ, Crean S, Singhrao SK. Exploring the Association between Alzheimer's Disease, Oral Health, Microbial Endocrinology and Nutrition. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:398. [PMID: 29249963 PMCID: PMC5717030 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal monitoring of patients suggests a causal link between chronic periodontitis and the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the explanation of how periodontitis can lead to dementia remains unclear. A working hypothesis links extrinsic inflammation as a secondary cause of AD. This hypothesis suggests a compromised oral hygiene leads to a dysbiotic oral microbiome whereby Porphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone periodontal pathogen, with its companion species, orchestrates immune subversion in the host. Brushing and chewing on teeth supported by already injured soft tissues leads to bacteremias. As a result, a persistent systemic inflammatory response develops to periodontal pathogens. The pathogens, and the host’s inflammatory response, subsequently lead to the initiation and progression of multiple metabolic and inflammatory co-morbidities, including AD. Insufficient levels of essential micronutrients can lead to microbial dysbiosis through the growth of periodontal pathogens such as demonstrated for P. gingivalis under low hemin bioavailability. An individual’s diet also defines the consortium of microbial communities that take up residency in the oral and gastrointestinal (GI) tract microbiomes. Their imbalance can lead to behavioral changes. For example, probiotics enriched in Lactobacillus genus of bacteria, when ingested, exert some anti-inflammatory influence through common host/bacterial neurochemicals, both locally, and through sensory signaling back to the brain. Early life dietary behaviors may cause an imbalance in the host/microbial endocrinology through a dietary intake incompatible with a healthy GI tract microbiome later in life. This imbalance in host/microbial endocrinology may have a lasting impact on mental health. This observation opens up an opportunity to explore the mechanisms, which may underlie the previously detected relationship between diet, oral/GI microbial communities, to anxiety, cognition and sleep patterns. This review suggests healthy diet based interventions that together with improved life style/behavioral changes may reduce and/or delay the incidence of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Harding
- Dementia & Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrike Gonder
- Nutritionist, Freelance Science Writer, Hünstetten, Germany
| | - Sarita J Robinson
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - StJohn Crean
- Dementia & Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Sim K Singhrao
- Dementia & Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
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Robinson N, Grabowski P, Rehman I. Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: Is there a role for folate? Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 174:86-94. [PMID: 29037490 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, including changes in DNA methylation, have been implicated in a wide range of diseases including neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's. The role of dietary folate in providing methyl groups required for maintenance and modulation of DNA methylation makes it a nutrient of interest in Alzheimer's. Late onset Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and at present its aetiology is largely undetermined. From epidemiological studies, the interactions between folate, B-vitamins and homocysteine as well as the long latency period has led to difficulties in interpretation of the data, thus current evidence exploring the role of dietary folate in Alzheimer's is contradictory and unresolved. Therefore, examining the effects at a molecular level and exploring potential epigenetic mechanisms could increase our understanding of the disease and aetiology. The aim of this review is to examine the role that folate could play in Alzheimer's disease neuropathology and will focus on the effects of folate on DNA methylation which link to disease pathology, initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natassia Robinson
- Institute of Health & Society, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Peter Grabowski
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ishtiaq Rehman
- Academic Urology Unit, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
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46
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Farina N, Jernerén F, Turner C, Hart K, Tabet N. Homocysteine concentrations in the cognitive progression of Alzheimer's disease. Exp Gerontol 2017; 99:146-150. [PMID: 29024723 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hyperhomocysteinemia in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is widely reported and appears to worsen as the disease progresses. While active dietary intervention with vitamins B12 and folate decreases homocysteine blood levels, with promising clinical outcomes in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), this so far has not been replicated in established AD populations. The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between hyperhomocystenemia and relevant vitamins as the disease progresses. METHODS In this longitudinal cohort study, 38 participants with mild to moderate AD were followed for an average period of 13months. Plasma folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine concentrations were measured at baseline and at follow-up. Dietary intake of B vitamins was also measured. Spearman's correlations were conducted by homocysteine and B vitamin status. RESULTS As expected, cognitive status significantly declined over the follow-up period and this was paralleled by a significant increase in homocysteine concentrations (p=0.006). However, during this follow-up period there was no significant decline in neither dietary intake, nor the corresponding blood concentrations of vitamin B12/folate, with both remaining within normal values. Changes in blood concentrations of B vitamins were not associated with changes in homocysteine levels (p>0.05). CONCLUSION In this study, the increase in homocysteine observed in AD patients as the disease progresses cannot be solely explained by dietary and blood levels of folate and vitamin B12. Other dietary and non-dietary factors may contribute to hyperhomocysteinemia and its toxic effect in AD, which needs to be explored to optimise timely intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Farina
- Centre for Dementia Studies, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, BN1 9RY, UK.
| | - Fredrik Jernerén
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Cheryl Turner
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Kathryn Hart
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Naji Tabet
- Centre for Dementia Studies, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, BN1 9RY, UK; Dementia Research Unit, Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Crowborough TN6 1HB, UK
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47
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Sanchez-Espinosa MP, Atienza M, Cantero JL. Sleep mediates the association between homocysteine and oxidative status in mild cognitive impairment. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7719. [PMID: 28798397 PMCID: PMC5552792 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made over the last few years in understanding how sleep and amyloid-β (Aβ) cooperate to speed up the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it remains unknown whether sleep deficits also interact with other risk factors that exacerbate the pathological cascade of AD. Based on evidence showing that higher levels of homocysteine (HCY) and sleep loss increase oxidative damage, we here investigate whether the relationship between HCY and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is mediated by changes in objective sleep in healthy older (HO, N = 21) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, N = 21) subjects. Results revealed that reduced TAC levels in MCI was significantly correlated with increased HCY, shorter sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, and reduced volume of temporal regions. However, only the HCY-TAC association showed diagnostic value, and this relationship was mediated by poorer sleep quality in MCI patients. We further showed that HCY-related cerebral volume loss in MCI depended on the serial relationship between poorer sleep quality and lower TAC levels. These findings provide novel insights into how impaired sleep may contribute to maintain the relationship between HCY and oxidative stress in prodromal AD, and offer empirical foundations to design therapeutic interventions aimed to weaken this link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayely P Sanchez-Espinosa
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain.
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48
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Roussotte FF, Hua X, Narr KL, Small GW, Thompson PM. The C677T variant in MTHFR modulates associations between brain integrity, mood, and cognitive functioning in old age. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2017; 2:280-288. [PMID: 28435933 PMCID: PMC5395287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The C677T functional variant in the methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene leads to reduced enzymatic activity and elevated blood levels of homocysteine. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been linked with higher rates of cardiovascular diseases, cognitive decline, and late-life depression. METHODS AND MATERIALS Here, 3D magnetic resonance imaging data was analyzed from 738 individuals (age: 75.5 ± 6.8 years; 438 men/300 women) including 173 Alzheimer's patients, 359 subjects with mild cognitive impairment, and 206 healthy older adults, scanned as part of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). RESULTS We found that this variant associates with localized brain atrophy, after controlling for age, sex, and dementia status, in brain regions implicated in both intellectual and emotional functioning, notably the medial orbitofrontal cortices. The medial orbitofrontal cortex is involved in the cognitive modulation of emotional processes, and localized atrophy in this region was previously linked with both cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms. Here, we report that increased plasma homocysteine mediates the association between MTHFR genotype and lower medial orbitofrontal volumes, and that these volumes mediate the association between cognitive decline and depressed mood in this elderly cohort. We additionally show that vitamin B12 deficiency interacts with the C677T variant in the etiology of hyperhomocysteinemia. CONCLUSION This study sheds light on important relationships between vascular risk factors, age-related cognitive decline, and late-life depression, and represents a significant advance in our understanding of clinically relevant associations relating to MTHFR genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence F. Roussotte
- Department of Neurology, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Imaging Genetics Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Xue Hua
- Imaging Genetics Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Katherine L. Narr
- Department of Neurology, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Gary W. Small
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Department of Neurology, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Imaging Genetics Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry, Radiology, Engineering, Pediatrics, and Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
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McKee SE, Grissom NM, Herdt CT, Reyes TM. Methyl donor supplementation alters cognitive performance and motivation in female offspring from high-fat diet-fed dams. FASEB J 2017; 31:2352-2363. [PMID: 28209774 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601172r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During gestation, fetal nutrition is entirely dependent on maternal diet. Maternal consumption of excess fat during pregnancy has been linked to an increased risk of neurologic disorders in offspring, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, and schizophrenia. In a mouse model, high-fat diet (HFD)-fed offspring have cognitive and executive function deficits as well as whole-genome DNA and promoter-specific hypomethylation in multiple brain regions. Dietary methyl donor supplementation during pregnancy or adulthood has been used to alter DNA methylation and behavior. Given that extensive brain development occurs during early postnatal life-particularly within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a brain region critical for executive function-we examined whether early life methyl donor supplementation (e.g., during adolescence) could ameliorate executive function deficits observed in offspring that were exposed to maternal HFD. By using operant testing, progressive ratio, and the PFC-dependent 5-choice serial reaction timed task (5-CSRTT), we determined that F1 female offspring (B6D2F1/J) from HFD-fed dams have decreased motivation (decreased progressive ratio breakpoint) and require a longer stimulus length to complete the 5-CSRTT task successfully, whereas early life methyl donor supplementation increased motivation and shortened the minimum stimulus length required for a correct response in the 5-CSRTT. Of interest, we found that expression of 2 chemokines, CCL2 and CXCL10, correlated with the median stimulus length in the 5-CSRTT. Furthermore, we found that acute adult supplementation of methyl donors increased motivation in HFD-fed offspring and those who previously received supplementation with methyl donors. These data point to early life as a sensitive time during which dietary methyl donor supplementation can alter PFC-dependent cognitive behaviors.-McKee, S. E., Grissom, N. M., Herdt, C. T., Reyes, T. M. Methyl donor supplementation alters cognitive performance and motivation in female offspring from high-fat diet-fed dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E McKee
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicola M Grissom
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christopher T Herdt
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Teresa M Reyes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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B-Vitamin Intake and Biomarker Status in Relation to Cognitive Decline in Healthy Older Adults in a 4-Year Follow-Up Study. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9010053. [PMID: 28075382 PMCID: PMC5295097 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancing age can be associated with an increase in cognitive dysfunction, a spectrum of disability that ranges in severity from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Folate and the other B-vitamins involved in one-carbon metabolism are associated with cognition in ageing but the evidence is not entirely clear. The hypothesis addressed in this study was that lower dietary intake or biomarker status of folate and/or the metabolically related B-vitamins would be associated with a greater than expected rate of cognitive decline over a 4-year follow-up period in healthy older adults. Participants (aged 60-88 years; n = 155) who had been previously screened for cognitive function were reassessed four years after initial investigation using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). At the 4-year follow-up assessment when participants were aged 73.4 ± 7.1 years, mean cognitive MMSE scores had declined from 29.1 ± 1.3 at baseline to 27.5 ± 2.4 (p < 0.001), but some 27% of participants showed a greater than expected rate of cognitive decline (i.e., decrease in MMSE > 0.56 points per year). Lower vitamin B6 status, as measured using pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP; <43 nmol/L) was associated with a 3.5 times higher risk of accelerated cognitive decline, after adjustment for age and baseline MMSE score (OR, 3.48; 95% CI, 1.58 to 7.63; p < 0.05). Correspondingly, lower dietary intake (0.9-1.4 mg/day) of vitamin B6 was also associated with a greater rate of cognitive decline (OR, 4.22; 95% CI, 1.28-13.90; p < 0.05). No significant relationships of dietary intake or biomarker status with cognitive decline were observed for the other B-vitamins. In conclusion, lower dietary and biomarker status of vitamin B6 at baseline predicted a greater than expected rate of cognitive decline over a 4-year period in healthy older adults. Vitamin B6 may be an important protective factor in helping maintain cognitive health in ageing.
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