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Ajoolabady A, Pratico D, Vinciguerra M, Lip GYH, Franceschi C, Ren J. Inflammaging: mechanisms and role in the cardiac and vasculature. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:373-387. [PMID: 37076375 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging triggers a wide range of cellular and molecular aberrations in the body, giving rise to inflammation and associated diseases. In particular, aging is associated with persistent low-grade inflammation even in absence of inflammatory stimuli, a phenomenon commonly referred to as 'inflammaging'. Accumulating evidence has revealed that inflammaging in vascular and cardiac tissues is associated with the emergence of pathological states such as atherosclerosis and hypertension. In this review we survey molecular and pathological mechanisms of inflammaging in vascular and cardiac aging to identify potential targets, natural therapeutic compounds, and other strategies to suppress inflammaging in the heart and vasculature, as well as in associated diseases such as atherosclerosis and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ajoolabady
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Domenico Pratico
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool Johns Moore University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Applied Mathematics and Laboratory of Systems Biology of Aging, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Association of carotid wall layers with atherosclerotic plaques and cardiac hypertrophy in hypertensive subjects. J Hum Hypertens 2022; 36:732-737. [PMID: 34131263 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-021-00565-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is considered a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and is related to target-organ damage in hypertensive patients. However, increased cIMT may be due to increases in the thickness of intima (cIT) and media (cMT) layers. This study evaluated whether cIMT layers (cIT and cMT) had a greater association with carotid atherosclerotic plaques and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) than cIMT in hypertensive subjects. We cross-sectionally evaluated clinical, carotid, and echocardiography characteristics of 186 hypertensive patients followed at an outpatient clinic. High-resolution images of common carotid arteries were obtained by ultrasonography equipped with 10-MHz transducers, and cIT, cMT, and cIMT were manually measured using an image-processing software. Among all participants (n = 186; age = 60.8 ± 10.9 years, 43% males), there were 58% with carotid plaques and 58% with LVH. Mean cIT, cMT, and cIMT values were 0.267 ± 0.060, 0.475 ± 0.107, and 0.742 ± 0.142 mm, respectively. In logistic regression analysis adjusted for relevant covariates, carotid plaques showed stronger association with cIT than with cMT and cIMT. Furthermore, cIT showed greater area under the ROC curve (0.92; 95% CI 0.87-0.96) than cIMT (0.79; 95% CI 0.72-0.85) and cMT (0.64; 95% CI 0.56-0.72) to identify plaques. Conversely, cIT, cMT, and cIMT had modest association and accuracy to identify LVH (area under the ROC curve = 0.61, 0.57, and 0.60, respectively). In conclusion, cIT is a more accurate marker of atherosclerosis than cMT or cIMT, while cIT and cMT provide no incremental value in identifying LVH when compared with cIMT among hypertensive subjects.
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Li L, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Gao X, Liu G, Yu B, Lin P. Association Between Dietary Intakes and Plaque Vulnerability Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: A Mediation Analysis of Inflammatory Factors. Front Nutr 2022; 9:920892. [PMID: 35774543 PMCID: PMC9237541 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.920892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although studies have proven that diet has a critical role in preventing or delaying atherosclerosis and is far simpler to adjust and adhere to than other risk factors, the underlying mechanisms behind this effect remain not well comprehended. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the impact of inflammatory factors on the connection between dietary ingestion and coronary plaque fragility as measured via optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). This research eventually comprised 194 participants with CHD who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) was utilized to investigate dietary consumption status, serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and OCT was employed to identify the plaque susceptibility of causative lesions in the body. Following correction for statistically meaningful possible confounders in univariate analysis, quartiles of soy and nuts, fruits and vitamin C were negatively associated with coronary plaque vulnerability. Conversely, the upper quartile group of sodium intake had 2.98 times the risk of developing vulnerable plaques compared with the most minimal quartile group. Meanwhile, we observed an inverse dose–response connection between vitamin C consumption and inflammatory biomarkers as well as plaque vulnerability. More importantly, tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significant mediators of the connection between vitamin C and plaque vulnerability, suggesting that vitamin C may inhibit the atherosclerotic inflammatory process by decreasing the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α, thereby reducing the risk of vulnerable plaques. These new findings provide crucial clues to identify anti-inflammatory dietary components as effective therapeutic approaches in the management of CHD, while also providing some insights into their mechanisms of action.
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Abstract
Urinary Na excretion is a potential risk factor for CVD. However, the underlying biological mechanisms and effects of salt sensitivity are unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterise the relative contribution of biological factors to the Na–CVD association. A total of 2112 participants were enrolled in this study. Structured questionnaires and blood and urine samples were obtained. Twenty-four-hour Na excretion was estimated using a single overnight urine sample. Hypertension, the metabolic syndrome and overweight status were considered to indicate salt sensitivity. Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the effects of salt sensitivity on urinary Na excretion and CVD risk. The traditional mediation approach was used to calculate the proportion of mediation. The mean age (sd) of the 2112 participants was 54·5 (sd 12·2) years, and they were followed up for a mean of 14·1 (sd 8·1) years. Compared with those in the lowest quartile, the highest baseline urinary Na excretion (>4·2 g/24 h) was associated with a 43 % higher CVD risk (hazard ratio, 1·43; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·99). Participants with high urinary Na excretion, hypertension or the metabolic syndrome had a significantly high risk of CVD. The carotid intima-media thickness had the largest mediating effect (accounting for 35 % of the Na–CVD association), followed by systolic blood pressure (BP) (33 %), left ventricular mass (28 %) and diastolic BP (14 %). Higher urinary Na excretion increased the risk of CVD, which was explained largely by carotid media-thickness and systolic BP.
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Calixto GMF, Victorelli FD, Franz-Montan M, Baltazar F, Chorilli M. Innovative Mucoadhesive Precursor of Liquid Crystalline System Loading Anti-Gellatinolytic Peptide for Topical Treatment of Oral Cancer. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:253-262. [PMID: 33785096 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Current researches report an actual benefit of a treatment for oral cancer via inhibition of proteolytic matrix metallopro-teinases (MPP) with a peptide drug, called CTT1. However, peptides present poor oral bioavailability. Topical administration on oral mucosa avoids its passage through the gastrointestinal tract and the first-pass liver metabolism, but the barrier function of the oral mucosa can impair the permeation and retention of CTT1. The objective of this study is to incorporate CTT1 into a mucoadhesive precursor of liquid crystalline system (PLCS) as an interesting strategy for the topical treatment of oral cancer. PLCS consisting of oleic acid, ethoxylated 20 and propoxylated cetyl alcohol 5, polyethyleneimine (P)-associated chitosan (C) dispersion and CTT1 (FPC-CTT1) was developed and characterized by polarized light microscopy (PLM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). In vitro permeation and retention across esophageal mucosa, In vitro cytotoxicity towards tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells, and in vivo evaluation of vascular changes using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model were performed. PLM and SAXS showed that FPC-CTT1acted as PLCS, because it formed a lamellar liquid crystalline system after the addition of artificial saliva. FPC-CTT1increased approximately 2-fold the flux of permeation and 3-fold the retention of CTT1 on the porcine esophageal mucosa. CTT1 does not affect cell viability. CAM tests showed that FPC preserved the blood vessels and it can be a safe formulation. These findings encourage the use of the FPC-CTT1 for topical treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Damiani Victorelli
- UNESP, São Paulo State University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Araraquara, SP, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Michelle Franz-Montan
- UNICAMP, University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- UNESP, São Paulo State University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Araraquara, SP, 14800-903, Brazil
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Wang W, Wang Y, Gao X, Zhao Z, Li L, Yu B, Liu G, Lin P. Association between food and nutrients intakes and coronary plaque vulnerability in patients with coronary heart disease: An optical coherence tomography study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:201-208. [PMID: 33268215 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dietary intakes play important roles in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD). Coronary plaque vulnerability is the key mechanism leading to CHD progression. We aimed to explore the association between dietary intakes and plaque vulnerability via optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 314 CHD patients were included in this study. Dietary intake status was assessed by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and plaque vulnerability was measured by OCT. The results showed that vegetables were negatively associated with macrophage infiltration, thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) and thrombus [odds ratio (OR) = 0.48, 0.38, 0.38, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.24-0.93, 0.17-0.84, 0.15-0.94, all P < 0.05]; fruits were negatively associated with lipid plaque, TCFA, rupture and thrombus (OR = 0.17, 0.11, 0.12, 0.20, 95% CI = 0.07-0.39, 0.04-0.29, 0.05-0.28, 0.08-0.55, all P < 0.05); salt was positively associated with lipid plaque and TCFA (OR = 2.59, 2.83, 95% CI = 1.14-5.90, 1.23-6.51, all P < 0.05). Regarding nutrients intakes, dietary fiber was negatively associated with macrophage infiltration (OR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.14-0.85, P = 0.021); folate was negatively associated with lipid plaque, TCFA and rupture (OR = 0.22, 0.16, 0.20, 95% CI = 0.09-0.58, 0.06-0.41, 0.08-0.51, all P < 0.05); vitamin C was negatively associated with TCFA, rupture and thrombus (OR = 0.26, 0.22, 0.05, 95% CI = 0.07-0.95, 0.07-0.65, 0.01-0.25, all P < 0.05); sodium was positively associated with lipid plaque, TCFA, rupture and thrombus (OR = 3.43, 3.96, 2.73, 4.84, 95% CI = 1.51-7.80, 1.66-9.45, 1.18-6.27, 1.76-9.28, all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Salt and sodium were dietary risk factors for plaque vulnerability, whereas vegetables, fruits, dietary fiber, folate and vitamin C were dietary protective factors for plaque vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Wang
- College of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Yini Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Xueqin Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Zhenjuan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Guojie Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
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Association of left ventricular strain and E/e’ ratio with carotid wall layers. Atherosclerosis 2020; 310:109-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Current Data on Dietary Sodium, Arterial Structure and Function in Humans: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010005. [PMID: 31861381 PMCID: PMC7019233 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Subclinical arterial damage (SAD) (arteriosclerosis, arterial remodeling and atheromatosis) pre-exists decades before cardiovascular disease (CVD) onset. Worldwide, sodium (Na) intake is almost double international recommendations and has been linked with CVD and death, although in a J-shape manner. Studies regarding dietary Na and major types of SAD may provide pathophysiological insight into the association between Na and CVD. Objectives: Systematic review of data derived from observational and interventional studies in humans, investigating the association between dietary Na with (i) atheromatosis (arterial plaques); (ii) arteriosclerosis (various biomarkers of arterial stiffness); (iii) arterial remodeling (intima–media thickening and arterial lumen diameters). Data sources: Applying the PRISMA criteria, the PubMed and Scopus databases were used. Results: 36 studies were included: 27 examining arteriosclerosis, four arteriosclerosis and arterial remodeling, three arterial remodeling, and two arterial remodeling and atheromatosis. Conclusions: (i) Although several studies exist, the evidence does not clearly support a clinically meaningful and direct (independent from blood pressure) effect of Na on arterial wall stiffening; (ii) data regarding the association of dietary Na with arterial remodeling are limited, mostly suggesting a positive trend between dietary Na and arterial hypertrophy but still inconclusive; (iii) as regards to atheromatosis, data are scarce and the available studies present high heterogeneity. Further state-of-the-art interventional studies must address the remaining controversies.
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Sardeli AV, Gáspari AF, Santos WMD, Moraes DFG, Gadelha VB, Santos LDC, Ferreira MLV, Prudêncio SMDJ, Bonfante ILP, Rodrigues B, Cavaglieri CR, Fernhall B, Chacon-Mikahil MPT. Time-course of health-related adaptations in response to combined training in hypertensive elderly: immune and autonomic modulation interactions. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201800040007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda V. Sardeli
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil
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Strauss M, Smith W, Kruger R, van der Westhuizen B, Schutte AE. Large artery stiffness is associated with salt intake in young healthy black but not white adults: the African-PREDICT study. Eur J Nutr 2018; 57:2649-2656. [PMID: 30032457 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is global consensus on the benefits of reducing excessive salt intake. Indeed, lower salt intake associates with reduced arterial stiffness, a well-established predictor of cardiovascular risk, in older populations. Whether high habitual salt intake in healthy normotensive youth may already contribute to increased arterial stiffness is unknown. We, therefore, determined whether estimated salt intake is associated with large artery stiffness in young healthy black and white adults. METHODS We included 693 black and white adults (51% black; 42% men), aged 20-30 years. Participants were normotensive based on clinic blood pressure, and no previous diagnosed chronic illnesses. We measured carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and determined estimated salt intake based on 24 h urinary sodium excretion. RESULTS We found estimated salt consumption of > 5 g/day in 47% of our population, whereas 21% consumed > 10 g/day. In multivariable-adjusted regression analyses a positive association existed between estimated salt intake and cfPWV in the total group (Adj. R2 = 0.32; std. β = 0.10; p = 0.007), and black adults (Adj. R2 = 0.37; std. β = 0.12; p = 0.029). This was independent of age, sex, mean arterial pressure, and other covariates. No association was evident in white individuals (p = 0.19). CONCLUSION Excessive salt intake is positively associated with large artery stiffness-independent of blood pressure-in young adults, especially in black individuals. Our results suggest a potential contributory role of salt consumption towards early vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michél Strauss
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Wayne Smith
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.,MRC Research Unit: Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Ruan Kruger
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.,MRC Research Unit: Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Bianca van der Westhuizen
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Aletta E Schutte
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa. .,MRC Research Unit: Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
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Relationship between high sodium and low PUFA intake and carotid atherosclerosis in elderly women. Exp Gerontol 2018; 108:256-261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Jung S, Kim MK, Shin J, Choi BY, Lee YH, Shin DH, Shin MH. High sodium intake and sodium to potassium ratio may be linked to subsequent increase in vascular damage in adults aged 40 years and older: the Korean multi-rural communities cohort (MRCohort). Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:1659-1671. [PMID: 29761317 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Subclinical vascular damage is a chronic intermediate process in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and high sodium (Na) has been regarded as an adverse factor in subclinical vascular health; however, the longitudinal relationship between Na intake and subclinical vascular damage has not been studied. We aimed to evaluate the longitudinal relationship of dietary Na intake and sodium to potassium ratio (Na:K) with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) in healthy adults aged 40 years and older in Korea. METHODS The present study was based on participants (n = 2145 for baPWV analysis and n = 2494 for cIMT analysis) who visited three times during 2005-2013 (median 5.3 years of follow-up). We used both dietary Na intake and Na:K at baseline and its average (baseline, 2nd, 3rd), which was obtained from food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) as exposure at every visit. baPWV and cIMT levels at the third visit and change from baseline to the third visit were used to represent the level of subclinical vascular damage. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounders, significant positive relationships between dietary Na intake and both baPWV3rd and cIMT3rd were observed (baPWV: p for trend ≤ 0.0001 for Naaverage; cIMT: p for trend = 0.013 for Naaverage). Compared with Na:Ks less than 1.0, the levels of both baPWV and cIMT were higher for participants with Na:Ks over 1.0 (baPWV: p for trend = 0.0002 for Na:Kaverage; cIMT: p for trend = 0.005 for Na:Kaverage). Similar significant trends were shown in relationships between dietary Na intake and Na:K and changes in baPWV and cIMT levels. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, dietary Na intake and Na:K may be positively linked to subsequent baPWV and cIMT levels in adults aged 40 years and older in Korea. Our findings may provide informative evidence on subclinical vascular damage, particularly for populations with relatively high dietary Na intake and low dietary K intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukyoung Jung
- Department of Health Care Policy Research, Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, Sejong, South Korea.,Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jinho Shin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Youl Choi
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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Schreiber R, Paim LR, de Rossi G, Matos-Souza JR, Costa e Silva ADA, Nogueira CD, Azevedo ER, Alonso KC, Palomino Z, Sposito AC, Casarini DE, Gorla JI, Cliquet A, Nadruz W. Reduced Sympathetic Stimulus and Angiotensin 1–7 Are Related to Diastolic Dysfunction in Spinal Cord–Injured Subjects. J Neurotrauma 2017; 34:2323-2328. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Layde R. Paim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Rossi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Eliza R. Azevedo
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Karina C. Alonso
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Zaira Palomino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrei C. Sposito
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Dulce E. Casarini
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José I. Gorla
- School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alberto Cliquet
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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14
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Carotid flow velocity/diameter ratio is a predictor of cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 2016; 33:2054-60. [PMID: 26237558 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of common carotid artery diameter, flow velocity and flow velocity/artery diameter ratio as predictors of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in a sample of hypertensive patients. METHODS A cohort of 403 hypertensive patients was followed up for a median of 1260 (714) days, and 27 suffered MACEs. At baseline, participants were evaluated by clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic and carotid ultrasound analysis. RESULTS Patients with peak-systolic flow velocity (sFV) less than the median value and systolic artery diameter (sAD) greater than the median value presented the worst clinical outcome compared to those with isolated sFV less than the median value or sAD greater than the median value, suggesting an additive effect of these two variables. Further, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated worse outcome for individuals with sFV/sAD ratio less than 85.7/s (optimal cut-off point obtained by receiver-operating characteristic analysis) compared to those with higher sFV/sAD values (log-rank test: P < 0.0001). In stepwise multivariable Cox-regression analyses, sFV/sAD was significantly associated with MACEs (P < 0.001), whereas carotid intima-media thickness and clinically defined high cardiovascular risk did not. Furthermore, area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for sFV/sAD was higher than that for Framingham risk score (0.77 versus 0.64; P = 0.045), whereas adding sFV/sAD to the Framingham risk factors resulted in increased net reclassification improvement (P = 0.041) and integrated discrimination improvement (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Lower carotid sFV/sAD was associated with MACEs in hypertensive patients independent of cardiovascular prediction models and carotid intima-media thickness. These findings suggest that this index may be a promising approach to identify hypertensive subjects at increased risk for future cardiovascular events.
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Matos-Souza JR, de Rossi G, Costa e Silva AA, Azevedo ER, Pithon KR, Schreiber R, Sposito AC, Gorla JI, Cliquet A, Nadruz W. Impact of Adapted Sports Activities on the Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Subjects With Spinal Cord Injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 97:1034-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ustundag S, Yilmaz G, Sevinc C, Akpinar S, Temizoz O, Sut N, Ustundag A. Carotid intima media thickness is independently associated with urinary sodium excretion in patients with chronic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2015; 37:1285-92. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2015.1073526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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17
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Cornélio ME, Godin G, Rodrigues RCM, de Freitas Agondi R, Alexandre NMC, Gallani MCBJ. Effect of a behavioral intervention of the SALdável program to reduce salt intake among hypertensive women: A randomized controlled pilot study. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2015; 15:e85-94. [DOI: 10.1177/1474515115589275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Wang M, Kim SH, Monticone RE, Lakatta EG. Matrix metalloproteinases promote arterial remodeling in aging, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Hypertension 2015; 65:698-703. [PMID: 25667214 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.03618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Wang
- From the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Baltimore, MD.
| | - Soo Hyuk Kim
- From the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Baltimore, MD
| | - Robert E Monticone
- From the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Baltimore, MD
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- From the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Baltimore, MD.
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19
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Mendes PR, Kiyota TA, Cipolli JA, Schreiber R, Paim LR, Bellinazzi VR, Matos-Souza JR, Sposito AC, Nadruz W. Gender influences the relationship between lung function and cardiac remodeling in hypertensive subjects. Hypertens Res 2014; 38:264-8. [PMID: 25427680 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2014.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hypertensive patients are predisposed to left ventricular (LV) remodeling and frequently exhibit decline in lung function as compared with the general population. Here, we investigated the association between spirometric and echocardiographic data in non-smoking hypertensive subjects and the role of gender in this regard. In a cross-sectional study, 107 hypertensive patients (60 women) enrolled from a university outpatient clinic were evaluated by clinical, hemodynamic, laboratory and echocardiographic analysis. Vital capacity, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s (FEV1) and in 6 s (FEV6), FEV1/FVC ratio and FEV1/FEV6 ratio were estimated by spirometry. In women, higher LV mass index and E/Em ratio correlated with markers of restrictive lung alterations, such as reduced FVC (r=-044; P<0.001; r=-0.42; P<0.001, respectively) and FEV6 (r=-0.43; P<0.001; r=-0.39; P<0.01, respectively), while higher left atrial volume index correlated with markers of obstructive lung alterations, such as reduced FEV1/FVC (r=-055; P<0.001) and FEV1/FEV6 (r=-0.45; P<0.001) ratios. These relationships were further confirmed by stepwise regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders. In men, LV mass index correlated with FVC and FEV6, but these associations did not remain statistically significant after adjustment for confounding variables. Furthermore, inflammatory markers such as plasma C-reactive protein and matrix-metalloproteinases-2 and -9 levels did not influence the association between spirometric and cardiac parameters. In conclusion, these results indicate that LV remodeling is related to restrictive lung alterations while left atrial remodeling is associated with obstructive lung alterations in hypertensive women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R Mendes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana A Kiyota
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José A Cipolli
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Layde R Paim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera R Bellinazzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Matos-Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Matrix metalloproteinases and left ventricular function and structure in spinal cord injured subjects. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 437:136-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Woo KS, Kwok TCY, Celermajer DS. Vegan diet, subnormal vitamin B-12 status and cardiovascular health. Nutrients 2014; 6:3259-73. [PMID: 25195560 PMCID: PMC4145307 DOI: 10.3390/nu6083259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetarian diets have been associated with atherosclerosis protection, with healthier atherosclerosis risk profiles, as well as lower prevalence of, and mortality from, ischemic heart disease and stroke. However, there are few data concerning the possible cardiovascular effects of a vegan diet (with no meat, dairy or egg products). Vitamin B-12 deficiency is highly prevalent in vegetarians; this can be partially alleviated by taking dairy/egg products in lact-ovo-vegetarians. However, metabolic vitamin B-12 deficiency is highly prevalent in vegetarians in Australia, Germany, Italy and Austria, and in vegans (80%) in Hong Kong and India, where vegans rarely take vitamin B-12 fortified food or vitamin B-12 supplements. Similar deficiencies exist in northern Chinese rural communities consuming inadequate meat, egg or dairy products due to poverty or dietary habits. Vascular studies have demonstrated impaired arterial endothelial function and increased carotid intima-media thickness as atherosclerosis surrogates in such metabolic vitamin B-12 deficient populations, but not in lactovegetarians in China. Vitamin B-12 supplementation has a favourable impact on these vascular surrogates in Hong Kong vegans and in underprivileged communities in northern rural China. Regular monitoring of vitamin B-12 status is thus potentially beneficial for early detection and treatment of metabolic vitamin B-12 deficiency in vegans, and possibly for prevention of atherosclerosis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kam S Woo
- Room 186, Science Centre South Block, Biochemistry Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin NT, Hong Kong.
| | - Timothy C Y Kwok
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - David S Celermajer
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia.
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22
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Pereira EB, Gemignani T, Sposito AC, Matos-Souza JR, Nadruz W. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and radiotherapy-induced carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with head and neck cancer. Radiat Oncol 2014; 9:134. [PMID: 24919963 PMCID: PMC4061515 DOI: 10.1186/1748-717x-9-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy (RT) is a risk factor for accelerated carotid artery atherosclerotic disease in subjects with head and neck cancer. However, the risk factors of RT-induced carotid artery remodeling are not established. This study aimed to investigate the effects of RT on carotid and popliteal arteries in subjects with head and neck cancer and to evaluate the relationship between baseline clinical and laboratory features and the progression of RT-induced atherosclerosis. Findings Eleven men (age = 57.9 ± 6.2years) with head and neck cancer who underwent cervical bilateral irradiation were prospectively examined by clinical and laboratory analysis and by carotid and popliteal ultrasound before and after treatment (mean interval between the end of RT and the post-RT assessment = 181 ± 47 days). No studied subject used hypocholesterolemic medications. Significant increases in carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) (0.95 ± 0.08 vs. 0.87 ± 0.05 mm; p < 0.0001) and carotid IMT/diameter ratio (0.138 ± 0.013 vs. 0.129 ± 0.014; p = 0.001) were observed after RT, while no changes in popliteal structural features were detected. In addition, baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels showed a direct correlation with RT-induced carotid IMT change (r = 0.66; p = 0.027), while no other studied variable exhibited a significant relationship with carotid IMT change. Conclusions These results indicate that RT-induced atherosclerosis is limited to the irradiated area and also suggest that it may be predicted by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in subjects with head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wilson Nadruz
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz", Campinas, SP 13081-970, Brasil.
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Kiyota TA, Mendes PR, Cipolli JA, Schreiber R, Paim LR, Bellinazzi VR, Matos-Souza JR, Sposito AC, Nadruz W. Lung age is related to carotid structural alterations in hypertensive subjects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 8:381-7. [PMID: 24794205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2014.03.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypertensive patients exhibit higher cardiovascular risk and reduced lung function compared with the general population. Whether this association stems from the coexistence of two highly prevalent diseases or from direct or indirect links of pathophysiological mechanisms is presently unclear. This study investigated the association between lung function and carotid features in non-smoking hypertensive subjects with supposed normal lung function. Hypertensive patients (n = 67) were cross-sectionally evaluated by clinical, hemodynamic, laboratory, and carotid ultrasound analysis. Forced vital capacity, forced expired volume in 1 second and in 6 seconds, and lung age were estimated by spirometry. Subjects with ventilatory abnormalities according to current guidelines were excluded. Regression analysis adjusted for age and prior smoking history showed that lung age and the percentage of predicted spirometric parameters associated with common carotid intima-media thickness, diameter, and stiffness. Further analyses, adjusted for additional potential confounders, revealed that lung age was the spirometric parameter exhibiting the most significant regression coefficients with carotid features. Conversely, plasma C-reactive protein and matrix-metalloproteinases-2/9 levels did not influence this relationship. The present findings point toward lung age as a potential marker of vascular remodeling and indicate that lung and vascular remodeling might share common pathophysiological mechanisms in hypertensive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Kiyota
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Mendes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José A Cipolli
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Layde R Paim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera R Bellinazzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Matos-Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Petersen KS, Clifton PM, Keogh JB. The association between carotid intima media thickness and individual dietary components and patterns. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:495-502. [PMID: 24374005 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To review: 1) the correlation between individual dietary components and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT); 2) the relationship between dietary patterns and cIMT; 3) the effect of dietary interventions on cIMT progression. DATA SYNTHESIS An electronic search for epidemiological and intervention trials investigating the association between dietary components or patterns of intake and cIMT was performed in PUBMED, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Epidemiological data shows that a higher intake of fruit, wholegrains and soluble fibre and lower consumption of saturated fat in favour of polyunsaturated fat is associated with lower cIMT. In people at high risk of cardiovascular disease >93 g/day of fruit is associated with lower cIMT. Lower cIMT has also been observed when >0.79 serves/day of wholegrains and >25 g/day of fibre, predominately in the soluble form is consumed. Saturated fat is positively associated with cIMT, for every 10 g/day increase in saturated fat cIMT is 0.03 mm greater. Olive oil is inversely associated with cIMT, with a benefit seen when >34 g/day is consumed. While there are many epidemiological studies exploring the association between dietary intake and cIMT there are few intervention studies. Intervention studies show that a Mediterranean diet may reduce cIMT progression, especially in those with a higher cIMT. CONCLUSIONS A Mediterranean style dietary pattern, which is high in fruits, wholegrains, fibre and olive oil and low in saturated fat, may reduce carotid atherosclerosis development and progression. However further research from randomised controlled trials is required to understand the association between diet and cIMT and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Petersen
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - P M Clifton
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - J B Keogh
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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25
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Physical activity is associated with improved subclinical atherosclerosis in spinal cord injury subjects independent of variation in traditional risk factors. Int J Cardiol 2013; 167:592-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.09.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gemignani T, Matos-Souza JR, Franchini KG, Nadruz W. Leg blood pressure measured in orthostatic posture is associated with left ventricular mass in normotensive subjects. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25:1083-7. [PMID: 22810843 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2012.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changing from a supine to an orthostatic posture is associated with substantial increments in leg blood pressure (BP) levels, which could ultimately influence the hemodynamic burden imposed on the heart. This study investigated the relationship between brachial and leg BP measurements and the left cardiac chamber's structure and assessed the role of body posture changes in this regard. METHODS One hundred and thirty normotensive, nondiabetic, nonsmoking, normolipemic subjects were evaluated by a clinical history, anthropometry, the analysis of metabolic parameters, echocardiography, and the measurement of BP in the arm and the calf in both supine and orthostatic positions. RESULTS Significant correlation coefficients between the leg BP measurements and the cardiac structure were detected, especially between the orthostatic pulse pressure (PP) and the left ventricular (LV) wall thickness (r = 0.38; P < 0.001), the orthostatic PP and the LV mass (r = 0.37; P < 0.001), and the orthostatic systolic BP (SBP) and the left atrial size (r = 0.35; P < 0.001). Stepwise and standard regression analysis adjusted for brachial BP and anthropometric and metabolic variables confirmed that the leg orthostatic PP was independently related to the LV wall thickness and mass. Moreover, the leg orthostatic SBP was associated with the left atrial dimension even after adding the LV mass to the statistical models. Finally, triglyceride levels and body surface area showed significant relationship with leg orthostatic PP and SBP, whereas brachial orthostatic PP and SBP were only associated with age and anthropometric variables. CONCLUSIONS Orthostatic leg BP is independently associated with the cardiac structure in normotensive subjects.
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Cipolli JAA, Ferreira-Sae MC, Martins RP, Pio-Magalhães JA, Bellinazzi VR, Matos-Souza JR, Junior WN. Relationship between serum uric acid and internal carotid resistive index in hypertensive women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2012; 12:52. [PMID: 22800461 PMCID: PMC3418193 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-12-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of serum uric acid (SUA) on arteries of hypertensive subjects remains to be fully established. This study investigated the relationship between SUA and carotid structural and hemodynamic parameters in hypertensive men and women. Methods Three hundred and thirty eight patients (207 women and 131 men) were cross-sectionally evaluated by clinical, laboratory, hemodynamic and carotid ultrasound analysis. Common carotid diameters, circumferential wall tensions, Young’s Elastic Modulus, Stiffness Index, Arterial Compliance and intima-media thickness (IMT) were determined. Internal carotid artery resistive index (ICRI), a hemodynamic measure that reflects local vascular impedance and microangiopathy, was also assessed. Results Univariate analysis showed no significant correlation of SUA with carotid diameters, elasticity/stiffness indexes, IMT and circumferential wall tensions in both genders. Conversely, SUA correlated with ICRI (r = 0.34; p < 0.001) in women, but not in men, and hyperuricemic women presented higher ICRI than normouricemic ones (0.684 ± 0.007 vs. 0.649 ± 0.004; p < 0.001). Stepwise and logistic regression analyses adjusted for potential confounding factors showed that ICRI was independently associated with SUA and hyperuricemia in women. Conclusions This study demonstrated that SUA was associated with ICRI in hypertensive women, suggesting that there might gender-related differences in the relationship between SUA and vascular damage in subjects with systemic hypertension.
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Clifton P, Keogh J. Nutrition and metabolism. Curr Opin Lipidol 2012; 23:256-257. [PMID: 22576584 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0b013e328353a4a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Clifton
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute and Sansom Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Blood pressure class and carotid artery intima–media thickness in a population at the secondary epidemiological transition. J Hypertens 2011; 29:2194-200. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e32834bbba8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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