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Pesqueda-Cendejas K, Parra-Rojas I, Campos-López B, Mora-García PE, Ruiz-Ballesteros AI, Rivera-Escoto M, Cerpa-Cruz S, De la Cruz-Mosso U. Association of c.+677 C>T (rs1801133) and c.+1298 A>C (rs1801131) MTHFR genetic variants with cardiometabolic and disease risk in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: A cross-sectional study. Lupus 2024; 33:918-928. [PMID: 38782407 DOI: 10.1177/09612033241257158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients present a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk, associated with worse clinical manifestations and mortality. Folate, an essential micronutrient that participates in vital immune cellular functions, could positively affect the cardiometabolic and disease risk in SLE, through the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme, which participates in the folate metabolism, where single nucleotide variants (SNVs) have been described as a potential genetic risk factor for SLE. The aim of this study was to determine the association of the c.+677 C>T (rs1801133) and c.+1298 A>C (rs1801131) MTHFR genetic variants with cardiometabolic risk and clinical disease variables in SLE patients. A case-control study was conducted on 394 unrelated Mexican-mestizo women: 199 with SLE according to the 1997 SLE-ACR criteria and 196 control subjects (CS). Folic acid and homocysteine levels were evaluated by immunoassays. Genotyping of MTHFR genetic variants was carried out by allelic discrimination. No significant differences were found for folic acid (p = .15) and homocysteine serum levels (p = .59) between groups. According to the CC c.+677 MTHFR genotype, this was associated with low cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by the Castelli index (OR = 0.42; p = .03) in SLE patients. The TC (OR = 1.3; p = .03) and the TA (OR = 1.6; p < .01) haplotypes from c.+677 C>T plus c.+1298 MTHFR were associated with SLE risk, while the CC MTHFR haplotype (OR = 0.5; p = .01) was found as a non-risk factor for the disease. In conclusion, the TC and the TA MTHFR haplotypes are associated with disease risk; meanwhile, the CC c.+677 MTHFR genotype confers lower cardiometabolic risk in Mexican-mestizo SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Pesqueda-Cendejas
- Red de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Instituto de Neurociencias Traslacionales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Isela Parra-Rojas
- Red de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad y Diabetes, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de Los Bravo, Mexico
| | - Bertha Campos-López
- Red de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Instituto de Neurociencias Traslacionales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Paulina E Mora-García
- Red de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Instituto de Neurociencias Traslacionales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Adolfo I Ruiz-Ballesteros
- Red de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Instituto de Neurociencias Traslacionales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Melissa Rivera-Escoto
- Red de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Instituto de Neurociencias Traslacionales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Sergio Cerpa-Cruz
- Departamento de Reumatología, O.P.D. Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ulises De la Cruz-Mosso
- Red de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Instituto de Neurociencias Traslacionales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Husebye ESN, Romanowska J, Bjørke-Monsen AL, Gilhus NE, Selmer K, Gervin K, Riedel B, Bjørk MH. Does maternal genetic liability to folate deficiency influence the risk of antiseizure medication-associated language impairment and autistic traits in children of women with epilepsy? Am J Clin Nutr 2023:S0002-9165(23)63922-X. [PMID: 37217097 PMCID: PMC10375495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to antiseizure medication (ASM) may lead to low plasma folate concentrations and is associated with impaired neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVE To examine whether maternal genetic liability to folate deficiency interacts with ASM-associated risk of language impairment and autistic traits in children of women with epilepsy. METHODS We included children of women with and without epilepsy and with available genetic data enrolled in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Information on ASM use, folic acid supplement use and dose, dietary folate intake, child autistic traits, and child language impairment was obtained from parent-reported questionnaires. Using logistic regression, we examined the interaction between prenatal ASM exposure and maternal genetic liability to folate deficiency expressed as polygenic risk score (PRS) of low folate concentrations or maternal rs1801133 genotype (CC or CT/TT) on risk of language impairment or autistic traits. RESULTS We included 96 children of women with ASM-treated epilepsy, 131 children of women with ASM-untreated epilepsy, and 37,249 children of women without epilepsy. The PRS of low folate concentrations or the maternal rs1801133 genotype did not interact with the ASM-associated risk of language impairment or autistic traits in ASM-exposed children of women with epilepsy compared to ASM-unexposed children aged 1.5-8 years. ASM-exposed children had increased risk of adverse neurodevelopment regardless of maternal rs1801133 genotype (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for language impairment age 8 years was 2.88 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-8.26) if CC and aOR 2.88 (CI 1.10-7.53) if CT/TT genotypes). In children of women without epilepsy aged 3 years, those with maternal rs1801133 CT/TT compared to CC genotype had increased risk of language impairment (aOR 1.18, CI 1.05-1.34). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of pregnant women reporting widespread use of folic acid supplements, maternal genetic liability to folate deficiency did not significantly influence the ASM-associated risk of impaired neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Romanowska
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne-Lise Bjørke-Monsen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Erik Gilhus
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kaja Selmer
- National Center for Epilepsy, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo; Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo
| | - Kristina Gervin
- Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo; Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Bettina Riedel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marte Helene Bjørk
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Gene Variant in Relation to Body Mass Index and Folate Concentration in a Polish Population. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123140. [PMID: 36551896 PMCID: PMC9775363 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is an enzyme responsible for producing an active form of folate. The MTHFR T677T genotype may have adverse health effects associated with weight gain and a reduction in folate availability. AIM In this study, we examined the influence of the MTHFR C677T variant on BMI and determined its role as a risk factor for obesity. We also assessed the relationships between the MTHFR C677T genotype and folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in subjects before and after radical weight loss. METHODS The study group consisted of 1712 Caucasian adults of Polish nationality with a wide range of body mass indexes (BMIs). DNA was extracted from the blood, and the C677T variant was tested with RFLP-PCR and real-time-PCR. RESULTS There was no significant influence found for the MTHFR 677 TT genotype on BMI or the obesity risk in codominant, dominant or recessive inheritance models. Individuals with obesity and the TT genotype had significantly lower folate concentrations. After radical weight reduction, the impact of the risk genotype, as well as homeostasis between folate and vitamin B12 in TT homozygotes, seems to be attenuated. CONCLUSION Although the MTHFR 677TT genotype is not directly related to a higher BMI in Polish adults, it has a detrimental effect on folate concentrations in individuals with high BMI values.
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Genetic Variants in Folate and Cobalamin Metabolism-Related Genes in Pregnant Women of a Homogeneous Spanish Population: The Need for Revisiting the Current Vitamin Supplementation Strategies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132702. [PMID: 35807880 PMCID: PMC9268853 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms of genes involved in the metabolism and transport of folate and cobalamin could play relevant roles in pregnancy outcomes. This study assessed the prevalence of genetic polymorphisms of folate and cobalamin metabolism-related genes such as MTHFR, MTR, CUBN, and SLC19A1 in pregnant women of a homogeneous Spanish population according to conception, pregnancy, delivery, and newborns complications. This study was conducted on 149 nulliparous women with singleton pregnancies. Sociodemographic and obstetrics variables were recorded, and all patients were genotyped in the MTHFR, MTR, CUBN, and SLC10A1 polymorphisms. The distribution of genotypes detected in this cohort was similar to the population distribution reported in Europe, highlighting that more than 50% of women were carriers of risk alleles of the studied genes. In women with the MTHFR risk allele, there was a statistically significant higher frequency of assisted fertilisation and a higher frequency of preeclampsia and preterm birth. Moreover, CUBN (rs1801222) polymorphism carriers showed a statistically significantly lower frequency of complications during delivery. In conclusion, the prevalence of genetic variants related to folic acid and vitamin B12 metabolic genes in pregnant women is related to mother and neonatal outcomes. Knowing the prevalence of these polymorphisms may lead to a personalised prescription of vitamin intake.
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Personalized Nutrition in the Management of Female Infertility: New Insights on Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091918. [PMID: 35565885 PMCID: PMC9105997 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence on the significance of nutrition in reproduction is emerging from both animal and human studies, suggesting a mutual association between nutrition and female fertility. Different “fertile” dietary patterns have been studied; however, in humans, conflicting results or weak correlations are often reported, probably because of the individual variations in genome, proteome, metabolome, and microbiome and the extent of exposure to different environmental conditions. In this scenario, “precision nutrition”, namely personalized dietary patterns based on deep phenotyping and on metabolomics, microbiome, and nutrigenetics of each case, might be more efficient for infertile patients than applying a generic nutritional approach. In this review, we report on new insights into the nutritional management of infertile patients, discussing the main nutrigenetic, nutrigenomic, and microbiomic aspects that should be investigated to achieve effective personalized nutritional interventions. Specifically, we will focus on the management of low-grade chronic inflammation, which is associated with several infertility-related diseases.
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Escudero-López B, Cerrillo I, Ortega Á, Martín F, Fernández-Pachón MS. Effect of Acute Intake of Fermented Orange Juice on Fasting and Postprandial Glucose Metabolism, Plasma Lipids and Antioxidant Status in Healthy Human. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091256. [PMID: 35563979 PMCID: PMC9101597 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Higher postprandial plasma glucose and lipemia, and oxidative and inflammatory responses, are considered important cardiovascular risk factors. Fermentation of fruits has generated products with high concentrations of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential acute effects that fermented orange juice (FOJ) can exert in healthy humans by modulating postprandial response, and inflammatory/antioxidant status, compared with orange juice (OJ). Nine volunteers were recruited for a randomized, controlled, and crossover study. Participants ingested 500 mL of FOJ. At 4 h post intake, subjects consumed a standardized mixed meal. Blood samples were collected at 0-8 h hours post intake. The subjects repeated the protocol with OJ following a 2-week washout period. Glucose and lipid metabolism, plasma antioxidant capacity (ORAC, FRAP), endogenous antioxidants (albumin, bilirubin, uric acid), C-reactive protein and fibrinogen were measured in plasma samples. There was a trend of a smaller increase in LDL-C after FOJ intake compared with OJ, a significant decrease in apo-B and significant increase in ORAC. The glycemic and triglyceride response of meal was attenuated with FOJ. No differences were obtained in endogenous antioxidants and inflammation status between the treatments. The acute consumption of FOJ could play a protective role against cardiovascular risk factors.
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Cheng TYD, Ilozumba MN, Balavarca Y, Neuhouser ML, Miller JW, Beresford SAA, Zheng Y, Song X, Duggan DJ, Toriola AT, Bailey LB, Green R, Caudill MA, Ulrich CM. Associations between Genetic Variants and Blood Biomarkers of One-Carbon Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. J Nutr 2022; 152:1099-1106. [PMID: 34967850 PMCID: PMC8971010 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variation in one-carbon metabolism may affect nutrient concentrations and biological functions. However, data on genetic variants associated with blood biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism in US postmenopausal women are limited, and whether these associations were affected by the nationwide folic acid (FA) fortification program is unclear. OBJECTIVES We investigated associations between genetic variants and biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism using data from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. METHODS In 1573 non-Hispanic White (NHW) and 282 Black/African American, American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian/Pacific Islander, and Hispanic/Latino women aged 50-79 y, 288 nonsynonymous and tagging single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) were genotyped. RBC folate, plasma folate, pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), vitamin B-12, homocysteine, and cysteine concentrations were determined in 12-h fasting blood. Multivariable linear regression tested associations per variant allele and for an aggregated genetic risk score. Effect modifications before, during, and after nationwide FA fortification were examined. RESULTS After correction for multiple comparisons, among NHW women, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) rs1801133 (677C→T) variant T was associated with lower plasma folate (-13.0%; 95% CI: -17.3%, -8.6%) and higher plasma homocysteine (3.5%; 95% CI: 1.7%, 5.3%) concentrations. Other associations for nonsynonymous SNVs included DNMT3A rs11695471 (T→A) with plasma PLP; EHMT2 rs535586 (G→A), TCN2 rs1131603 (L349S A→G), and TCN2 rs35838082 (R188W G→A) with plasma vitamin B-12; CBS rs2851391 (G→A) with plasma homocysteine; and MTHFD1 rs2236224 (G→A) and rs2236225 (R653Q G→A) with plasma cysteine. The influence of FA fortification on the associations was limited. Highest compared with lowest quartiles of aggregated genetic risk scores from SNVs in MTHFR and MTRR were associated with 14.8% to 18.9% lower RBC folate concentrations. Gene-biomarker associations were similar in women of other races/ethnicities. CONCLUSIONS Our findings on genetic variants associated with several one-carbon metabolism biomarkers may help elucidate mechanisms of maintaining B vitamin status in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yesilda Balavarca
- Department of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joshua W Miller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Shirley A A Beresford
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yingye Zheng
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David J Duggan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Adetunji T Toriola
- Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lynn B Bailey
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ralph Green
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marie A Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Niforou A, Konstantinidou V, Naska A. Genetic Variants Shaping Inter-individual Differences in Response to Dietary Intakes-A Narrative Review of the Case of Vitamins. Front Nutr 2020; 7:558598. [PMID: 33335908 PMCID: PMC7736113 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.558598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of nutrigenetics have provided evidence on how genetic variations can impact the individuals' response to dietary intakes. An objective and reliable assessment of dietary exposures should rely on combinations of methodologies including frequency questionnaires, short-term recalls or records, together with biological samples to evaluate markers of intake or status and to identify genetic susceptibilities. In an attempt to present current knowledge on how genetic fingerprints contribute to an individual's nutritional status, we present a review of current literature describing associations between genetic variants and levels of well-established biomarkers of vitamin status in free-living and generally healthy individuals. Based on the outcomes of candidate gene, genome-wide-association studies and meta-analyses thereof, we have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in the vitamins' metabolic pathways. Polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in vitamin metabolism and transport are reported to have an impact on vitamin D status; while genetic variants of vitamin D receptor were most frequently associated with health outcomes. Genetic variations that can influence vitamin E status include SNPs involved in its uptake and transport, such as in SCAR-B1 gene, and in lipoprotein metabolism. Variants of the genes encoding the sodium-dependent vitamin C transport proteins are greatly associated with the body's status on vitamin C. Regarding the vitamins of the B-complex, special reference is made to the widely studied variant in the MTHFR gene. Methodological attributes of genetic studies that may limit the comparability and interpretability of the findings are also discussed. Our understanding of how genes affect our responses to nutritional triggers will enhance our capacity to evaluate dietary exposure and design personalized nutrition programs to sustain health and prevent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Niforou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Androniki Naska
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Cavallé-Busquets P, Inglès-Puig M, Fernandez-Ballart JD, Haro-Barceló J, Rojas-Gómez A, Ramos-Rodriguez C, Ballesteros M, Meyer K, Ueland PM, Murphy MM. Moderately elevated first trimester fasting plasma total homocysteine is associated with increased probability of miscarriage. The Reus-Tarragona Birth Cohort Study. Biochimie 2020; 173:62-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Homocysteine, the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C>T polymorphism and hypertension: effect modifiers by lifestyle factors and population subgroups. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:69-79. [PMID: 32127061 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520000793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Evidence linking fasting plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T genotype with hypertension is inconsistent. Differences in B vitamin status, other lifestyle factors or their consideration in analyses might explain this. We investigated these associations in the absence of mandatory fortification with folic acid and B vitamin supplement use. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 788 adults, aged 18-75 years, randomly selected from three Catalonian town population registers. Fasting plasma folate, cobalamin, tHcy, erythrocyte folate, erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRAC, functional riboflavin status indicator; increasing EGRAC indicates worsening riboflavin status), MTHFR 677C>T and solute carrier family 1 (SLC19A1) 80 G>A genotypes were determined. Medical history and lifestyle habits were recorded. Principal tHcy determinants differed between women (age, plasma folate, plasma cobalamin, cigarettes/d) and men (MTHFR 677TT genotype, plasma folate, plasma cobalamin and CT genotype). The MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism-tHcy association (β standardised regression coefficients) was stronger in male smokers (0·52, P < 0·001) compared with non-smokers (0·21, P = 0·001) and weaker in participants aged >50 years (0·19, P = 0·007) compared with ≤50 years (0·31, P < 0·001). Hypertension was more probable in the third tHcy tertile compared with other tertiles (OR 1·9; 95 % CI 1·2, 3·0), and in participants aged ≤50 years, for the MTHFR 677TT genotype compared with the CC genotype (OR 4·1; 95 % CI 1·0, 16·9). EGRAC was associated with increased probability of hypertension in participants aged >50 years (OR 6·2; 95 % CI 1·0, 38·7). In conclusion, moderately elevated tHcy and the MTHFR 677CT genotype were associated with hypertension. The MTHFR 677C>T genotype-hypertension association was confined to adults aged ≤50 years.
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Nandi A, Shet A. Why vaccines matter: understanding the broader health, economic, and child development benefits of routine vaccination. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16:1900-1904. [PMID: 31977283 PMCID: PMC7482790 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1708669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The direct benefits of childhood vaccination in reducing the burden of disease morbidity and mortality in a cost-effective manner are well-established. By preventing episodes of vaccine-preventable diseases, vaccination can also help avert associated out-of-pocket medical expenses, healthcare provider costs, and losses in wages of patients and caregivers. Studies have associated vaccines positively with cognition and school attainment, suggesting benefits of long-term improved economic productivity. New evidence suggests that the measles vaccine may improve immunological memory and prevent co-infections, thereby forming a protective shield against other infections, and consequently improving health, cognition, schooling and productivity outcomes well into the adolescence and adulthood in low-income settings. Systematically documenting these broader health, economic, and child development benefits of vaccines is important from a policy perspective, not only in low and middle-income countries where the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases is high and public resources are constrained, but also in high-income settings where the emergence of vaccine hesitancy poses a threat to benefits gained from reducing vaccine-preventable diseases. In this paper, we provide a brief summary of the recent evidence on the benefits of vaccines, and discuss the policy implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Nandi
- Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy , Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anita Shet
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, MD, USA
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Riscuta G, Xi D, Pierre-Victor D, Starke-Reed P, Khalsa J, Duffy L. Diet, Microbiome, and Epigenetics in the Era of Precision Medicine. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1856:141-156. [PMID: 30178250 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8751-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Precision medicine is a revolutionary approach to disease prevention and treatment that takes into account individual differences in lifestyle, environment, and biology. The US National Institutes of Health has recently launched The All of Us Research Program (2016) to extend precision medicine to all diseases by building a national research cohort of one million or more US participants. This review is limited to how the human microbiome factors into precision medicine from the applied aspect of preventing and managing cancer. The Precision Medicine Initiative was established in an effort to address particular characteristics of each person with the aim to increase the effectiveness of medical interventions in terms of prevention and treatment of multiple diseases including cancer. Many factors contribute to the response to an intervention. The microbiome and microbially produced metabolites are capable of epigenetic modulation of gene activity, and can influence the response through these mechanisms. The fact that diet has an impact on microbiome implies that it will also affect the epigenetic mechanisms involving microbiota. In this chapter, we review some major epigenetic mechanisms, notably DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and histone modification, and noncoding RNA, implicated in cancer prevention and treatment. Several examples of how microbially produced metabolites from food influence cancer risk and treatment response through epigenetic mechanisms will be discussed. Some challenges include the limited understanding of how diet shapes the microbiome and how to best evaluate those changes since both, diet and the microbiota, exhibit daily and seasonal variations. Ongoing research seeks to understand the relationship between the human microbiome and multiple diseases including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Riscuta
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Dan Xi
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Pamela Starke-Reed
- Nutrition, Food Safety and Quality, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Jag Khalsa
- Medical Consequences of Drug Abuse and Co-occurring Infections Branch, National Institute of Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Linda Duffy
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Effects of maternal folic acid supplementation during pregnancy on infant neurodevelopment at 1 month of age: a birth cohort study in China. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1345-1356. [PMID: 31098661 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01986-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore effects of maternal folic acid (FA) supplementation during pregnancy on neurodevelopment in 1-month-old infants and to determine whether effects may be related to maternal circulating inflammatory cytokine concentrations. METHODS This birth cohort study recruited 1186 mother-infant pairs in Tianjin, China, between July 2015 and July 2017. The women completed interviewer-administered questionnaires on their lifestyles and FA supplementation during pregnancy. Neurodevelopment was assessed in 1-month-old infants using a standard neuropsychological examination table. In 192 women, serum homocysteine (Hcy) and inflammatory cytokine concentrations were measured at 16-18 weeks of gestation. RESULTS The infants whose mothers took FA supplements during pregnancy had a significantly higher development quotient (DQ) compared with those whose mothers were non-users (P < 0.05). After adjustment for maternal characteristics, supplementary FA use for 1-3 months, 3-6 months, and > 6 months were associated with the increases of 7.7, 11.0, and 7.4 units in the scale of infant DQ score compared with women reporting no supplement use, respectively (P < 0.05). FA supplementation was associated with a decreased serum concentration of Hcy (β = [Formula: see text] 0.19), which was correlated with women's serum inflammatory cytokine concentrations at 16-18 weeks of gestation (β = 0.57). Serum inflammatory cytokine concentrations were inversely related to DQ score in the 1-months-old offspring (β = [Formula: see text] 0.22). CONCLUSIONS Maternal FA supplementation during pregnancy favors neurodevelopment in the offspring at 1-month-old. This association may be mediated by changes in serum Hcy and inflammatory cytokine concentrations throughout pregnancy.
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Shane B, Pangilinan F, Mills JL, Fan R, Gong T, Cropp CD, Kim Y, Ueland PM, Bailey-Wilson JE, Wilson AF, Brody LC, Molloy AM. The 677C→T variant of MTHFR is the major genetic modifier of biomarkers of folate status in a young, healthy Irish population. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:1334-1341. [PMID: 30339177 PMCID: PMC6290363 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic polymorphisms can explain some of the population- and individual-based variations in nutritional status biomarkers. Objective We sought to screen the entire human genome for common genetic polymorphisms that influence folate-status biomarkers in healthy individuals. Design We carried out candidate gene analyses and genome-wide association scans in 2232 young, healthy Irish subjects to evaluate which common genetic polymorphisms influence red blood cell folate, serum folate, and plasma total homocysteine. Results The 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C→T (rs1801133) variant was the major genetic modifier of all 3 folate-related biomarkers in this Irish population and reached genome-wide significance for red blood cell folate (P = 1.37 × 10-17), serum folate (P = 2.82 × 10-11), and plasma total homocysteine (P = 1.26 × 10-19) concentrations. A second polymorphism in the MTHFR gene (rs3753584, P = 1.09 × 10-11) was the only additional MTHFR variant to exhibit any significant independent effect on red blood cell folate. Other MTHFR variants, including the 1298A→C variant (rs1801131), appeared to reach genome-wide significance, but these variants shared linkage disequilibrium with MTHFR 677C→T and were not significant when analyzed in MTHFR 677CC homozygotes. No additional non-MTHFR modifiers of red blood cell or plasma folate were detected. Two additional genome-wide significant modifiers of plasma homocysteine were found in the region of the dipeptidase 1 (DPEP1) gene on chromosome 16 and the Twist neighbor B (TWISTNB) gene on chromosome 7. Conclusions The MTHFR 677C→T variant is the predominant genetic modifier of folate status biomarkers in this healthy Irish population. It is not necessary to determine MTHFR 677C→T genotype to evaluate folate status because its effect is reflected in concentrations of standard folate biomarkers. The MTHFR 1298A→C variant had no independent effect on folate status biomarkers. To our knowledge, this is the first genome-wide association study report on red blood cell folate and the first report of an association between homocysteine and TWISTNB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Shane
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA,Address correspondence to BS (e-mail: )
| | - Faith Pangilinan
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - James L Mills
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ruzong Fan
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University Medical Center (GUMC), Washington, DC
| | - Tingting Gong
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University Medical Center (GUMC), Washington, DC
| | - Cheryl D Cropp
- Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Yoonhee Kim
- Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen and Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Joan E Bailey-Wilson
- Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alexander F Wilson
- Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lawrence C Brody
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Anne M Molloy
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Ito K, Hanaoka T, Tamura N, Sasaki S, Miyashita C, Araki A, Ito S, Minakami H, Cho K, Endo T, Baba T, Miyamoto T, Sengoku K, Tamakoshi A, Kishi R. Association Between Maternal Serum Folate Concentrations in the First Trimester and the Risk of Birth Defects: The Hokkaido Study of Environment and Children's Health. J Epidemiol 2018; 29:164-171. [PMID: 30318493 PMCID: PMC6414805 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20170185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Low red blood cell folate concentrations during early pregnancy might cause neural tube defects. However, the association between folate concentrations and birth defects of other neural crest cell-derived organs remains unknown. We investigated the associations between birth defects and first-trimester serum folate concentrations in a birth-cohort study in Japan. Methods In total, 14,896 women who were prior to 13 weeks of gestation were enrolled from 2003 through 2012. Birth defect information was obtained from medical records and questionnaires. The association between folate levels in the first trimester and birth defects categorized as ICD-10 cord defects and neural crest cell-derived organ defects was examined. The crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) per log-transformed folate concentration were calculated using logistic regression. Results Blood samples were obtained at a mean of 10.8 weeks of gestation. Median serum folate level was 16.5 (interquartile range, 13.4–21.5) nmol/L, and the deficiency level (less than 6.8 nmol/L) was 0.7%. There were 358 infants with birth defects. The adjusted odds ratio for any birth defect, ventricular septal defects, and cleft lip was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.74–1.32), 0.63 (95% CI, 0.30–1.33), and 4.10 (95% CI, 0.96–17.58), respectively. There were no significant associations between first-trimester maternal serum folate and the risk of birth defects. Conclusions We were unable to demonstrate a relationship between maternal serum folate in the first trimester and birth defects. Potential confounding factors may have influenced our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Ito
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine.,Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences.,Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Hokkaido University of Science
| | - Tomoyuki Hanaoka
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences
| | - Naomi Tamura
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences.,Department of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Seiko Sasaki
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Atsuko Araki
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences
| | - Sachiko Ito
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences
| | - Hisanori Minakami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kazutoshi Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Toshiaki Endo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University
| | - Tsuyoshi Baba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University
| | | | - Kazuo Sengoku
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Reiko Kishi
- Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences
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Zhong L, Fu Q, Zhou S, Chen L, Peng Q. Relevance of MTHFR polymorphisms with response to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy in oesophagogastric cancer: a meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e020767. [PMID: 29804062 PMCID: PMC5988135 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and the response to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy in oesophagogastric cancer. DESIGN Meta-analysis. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases from inception up to October 2017 for relevant studies. The statistical analysis was performed using STATA V.12.0 software. The pooled ORs and 95% CIs were used to assess the strength of the association under the allele, dominant and recessive models. We also conducted subgroup analysis stratified by cancer type, ethnicity and study design. Additionally, the sensitivity analysis was performed by sequential omission of individual studies, and the publication bias was detected using both Begg's test and Egger's test. RESULTS A total of 2020 patients from 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that there was no significant association between MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) and A1298C (rs1801131) polymorphisms and the clinical response to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy under all of the three genetic models (T vs C: OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.15; C vs A: OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.40. CT+TT vs CC: OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.23; AC+CC vs AA: OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.35. TT vs CC+CT: OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.39; CC vs AA+AC: OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.50 to 2.67). When stratified by cancer type, ethnicity or study design, the association was still not significant in all subgroups. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggested that MTHFR polymorphisms could not be considered as reliable factors for predicting the response to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy in oesophagogastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Zhou
- School of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Peng
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
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17
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Howe CG, Li Z, Zens MS, Palys T, Chen Y, Channon JY, Karagas MR, Farzan SF. Dietary B Vitamin Intake Is Associated with Lower Urinary Monomethyl Arsenic and Oxidative Stress Marker 15-F 2t-Isoprostane among New Hampshire Adults. J Nutr 2017; 147:2289-2296. [PMID: 29070711 PMCID: PMC5697960 DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.253419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Arsenic exposure has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Growing evidence suggests that B vitamins facilitate arsenic metabolism and may protect against arsenic toxicity. However, to our knowledge, few studies have evaluated this in US populations.Objective: Our objective was to examine whether higher B vitamin intake is associated with enhanced arsenic metabolism and lower concentrations of preclinical markers of CVD among New Hampshire adults.Methods: We used weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression to evaluate the collective impact of 6 dietary B vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, folate, niacin, and vitamins B-6 and B-12) on 1) the proportion of arsenic metabolites in urine and 2) 6 CVD-related markers [including urinary 15-F2t-isoprostane (15-F2t-IsoP)] among 418 participants (26-75 y of age) from the New Hampshire Health Study. Contributions of arsenic metabolites to B vitamin-CVD marker associations were also explored in structural equation models.Results: In WQS models, the weighted sum of B vitamin intakes from food sources was inversely associated with the proportion of monomethyl arsenic species in urine (uMMA) (β: -1.03; 95% CI: -1.91, -0.15; P = 0.02). Thiamin and vitamins B-6 and B-12 contributed the most to this association, whereas riboflavin had a negligible effect. Higher overall B vitamin intake was also inversely associated with 15-F2t-IsoP (β: -0.21; 95% CI: -0.32, -0.11; P < 0.01), with equal contributions from the 6 B vitamins, which was partially explained by differences in the proportion of uMMA (indirect effect β: -0.01; 95% CI: -0.04, -0.00).Conclusions: Among New Hampshire adults, higher intakes of certain B vitamins (particularly thiamin and vitamins B-6 and B-12 from food sources) may reduce the proportion of uMMA, an intermediate of arsenic metabolism that has been associated with an increased risk of CVD. Higher overall B vitamin intake may also reduce urinary 15-F2t-IsoP, a marker of oxidative stress and potential risk factor for CVD, in part by reducing the proportion of uMMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin G Howe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA;
| | | | | | - Thomas Palys
- Center for Molecular Epidemiology, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH; and
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jacqueline Y Channon
- Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, and
| | | | - Shohreh F Farzan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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18
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Barnett H, D’Cunha NM, Georgousopoulou EN, Kellett J, Mellor DD, McKune AJ, Naumovski N. Effect of Folate Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers in Individuals Susceptible to Depression: A Systematic Review. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH AND HYPOTHESIS IN MEDICINE 2017; 2:1-15. [DOI: 10.14218/erhm.2017.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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19
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Obeid R, Murphy M, Solé-Navais P, Yajnik C. Cobalamin Status from Pregnancy to Early Childhood: Lessons from Global Experience. Adv Nutr 2017; 8:971-979. [PMID: 29141978 PMCID: PMC5683008 DOI: 10.3945/an.117.015628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Low cobalamin intake and status during pregnancy or lactation have been linked to adverse maternal and perinatal health outcomes, whereas low cobalamin status during early childhood is associated with impaired development in children. Women who begin pregnancy with depleted stores (low or very low plasma cobalamin) will give birth to depleted infants who are likely to develop deficiency symptoms during the first few weeks or months postpartum. Newly ingested cobalamin during pregnancy and lactation (from diet or supplements) is transferred to the child and is not likely to correct cobalamin status in depleted women. The prevalence of low cobalamin status is high especially in low-income settings or in populations with a low intake of animal products. Folate and cobalamin play interdependent roles in one-carbon metabolism. Although folic acid supplementation during early pregnancy is widely recommended and practiced, cobalamin supplementation during pregnancy and lactation has received little attention. Furthermore, the intake recommendations for pregnant and lactating women and in early life need reevaluation in the light of newly available evidence in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Obeid
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michelle Murphy
- Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Reus, Spain;,Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III; and
| | - Pol Solé-Navais
- Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Reus, Spain
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20
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Chen LW, Tint MT, Fortier MV, Aris IM, Shek LPC, Tan KH, Chan SY, Gluckman PD, Chong YS, Godfrey KM, Rajadurai VS, Yap F, Kramer MS, Lee YS. Which anthropometric measures best reflect neonatal adiposity? Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 42:501-506. [PMID: 28990589 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studying the determinants and the long-term consequences of fetal adipose accretion requires accurate assessment of neonatal body composition. In large epidemiological studies, in-depth body composition measurement methods are usually not feasible for cost and logistical reasons, and there is a need to identify anthropometric measures that adequately reflect neonatal adiposity. METHODS In a multiethnic Asian mother-offspring cohort in Singapore, anthropometric measures (weight, length, abdominal circumference, skinfold thicknesses) were measured using standardized protocols in newborn infants, and anthropometric indices (weight/length, weight/length2 (body mass index, BMI), weight/length3 (ponderal index, PI)) derived. Neonatal total adiposity was measured using air displacement plethysmography (ADP) and abdominal adiposity using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Correlations of the anthropometric measures with ADP- and MRI-based adiposity were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients (rp), including in subsamples stratified by sex and ethnicity. RESULTS Study neonates (n=251) had a mean (s.d.) age of 10.2 (2.5) days. Correlations between ADP-based fat mass (ADPFM) and anthropometric measures were moderate (rp range: 0.44-0.67), with the strongest being with weight/length, weight, BMI and sum of skinfolds (rp=0.67, 0.66, 0.62, 0.62, respectively, all P<0.01). All anthropometric measures except skinfold thicknesses correlated more strongly with ADP-based fat-free mass than ADPFM, indicating that skinfold measures may have more discriminative power in terms of neonatal total body adiposity. For MRI-based measures, weight and weight/length consistently showed strong positive correlations (rp⩾0.7) with abdominal adipose tissue compartments. These correlations were consistent in boys and girls, across different ethnic groups, and when conventional determinants of neonatal adiposity were adjusted for potential confounding. Abdominal circumference was not strongly associated with ADPFM or abdominal fat mass. CONCLUSIONS Simple anthropometric measures (weight and weight/length) correlated strongly with neonatal adiposity, with some evidence for greater discriminative power for skinfold measures. These simple measures could be of value in large epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-W Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M-T Tint
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M V Fortier
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - I M Aris
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L P-C Shek
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K H Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S-Y Chan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - P D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Y-S Chong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit & NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - V S Rajadurai
- Department of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - F Yap
- Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M S Kramer
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Departments of Pediatrics and of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Y S Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat- National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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21
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Zwart SR, Gibson CR, Gregory JF, Mader TH, Stover PJ, Zeisel SH, Smith SM. Astronaut ophthalmic syndrome. FASEB J 2017; 31:3746-3756. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara R. Zwart
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community HealthUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTexasUSA
| | | | - Jesse F. Gregory
- Food Science and Human Nutrition DepartmentUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | - Patrick J. Stover
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell University, IthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Steven H. Zeisel
- Nutrition Research InstituteUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillKannapolisNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Scott M. Smith
- Human Health and Performance DirectorateNational Aeronautics and Space Administration Lyndon B. Johnson Space CenterHoustonTexasUSA
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Toriyama M, Toriyama M, Wallingford JB, Finnell RH. Folate-dependent methylation of septins governs ciliogenesis during neural tube closure. FASEB J 2017; 31:3622-3635. [PMID: 28432198 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700092r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Periconception maternal folic acid (vitamin B9) supplementation can reduce the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs), although just how folates benefit the developing embryo and promote closing of the neural tube and other morphologic processes during development remains unknown. Folate contributes to a 1-carbon metabolism, which is essential for purine biosynthesis and methionine recycling and affects methylation of DNA, histones, and nonhistone proteins. Herein, we used animal models and cultured mammalian cells to demonstrate that disruption of the methylation pathway mediated by folate compromises normal neural tube closure (NTC) and ciliogenesis. We demonstrate that the embryos with NTD failed to adequately methylate septin2, a key regulator of cilium structure and function. We report that methylation of septin2 affected its GTP binding activity and formation of the septin2-6-7 complex. We propose that folic acid promotes normal NTC in some embryos by regulating the methylation of septin2, which is critical for normal cilium formation during early embryonic development.-Toriyama, M., Toriyama, M., Wallingford, J. B., Finnell, R. H. Folate-dependent methylation of septins governs ciliogenesis during neural tube closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Toriyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Michinori Toriyama
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - John B Wallingford
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Richard H Finnell
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA;
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Association between MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and male infertility: A meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 37:153-160. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-017-1709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Association of MTHFR polymorphisms with nsCL/P in Chinese Uyghur population. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Saini RK, Nile SH, Keum YS. Folates: Chemistry, analysis, occurrence, biofortification and bioavailability. Food Res Int 2016; 89:1-13. [PMID: 28460896 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Folates (Vitamin B9) include both naturally occurring folates and synthetic folic acid used in fortified foods and dietary supplements. Folate deficiency causes severe abnormalities in one-carbon metabolism can result chronic diseases and developmental disorders, including neural tube defects. Mammalian cells cannot synthesize folates de novo; therefore, diet and dietary supplements are the only way to attain daily folate requirements. In the last decade, significant advancements have been made to enhance the folate content of rice, tomato, common bean and lettuce by using genetic engineering approaches. Strategies have been developed to improve the stability of folate pool in plants. Folate deglutamylation through food processing and thermal treatment has the potential to enhance the bioavailability of folate. This review highlights the recent developments in biosynthesis, composition, bioavailability, enhanced production by elicitation and metabolic engineering, and methods of analysis of folate in food. Additionally, future perspectives in this context are identified. Detailed knowledge of folate biosynthesis, degradation and salvage are the prime requirements to efficiently engineer the plants for the enhancement of overall folate content. Similarly, consumption of a folate-rich diet with enhanced bioavailability is the best way to maintain optimum folate levels in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Soo Keum
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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