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Strobl EV, Gamazon ER. Transcriptome-Wide Root Causal Inference. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.07.22.24310837. [PMID: 39108507 PMCID: PMC11302617 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.22.24310837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Root causal genes correspond to the first gene expression levels perturbed during pathogenesis by genetic or non-genetic factors. Targeting root causal genes has the potential to alleviate disease entirely by eliminating pathology near its onset. No existing algorithm discovers root causal genes from observational data alone. We therefore propose the Transcriptome-Wide Root Causal Inference (TWRCI) algorithm that identifies root causal genes and their causal graph using a combination of genetic variant and unperturbed bulk RNA sequencing data. TWRCI uses a novel competitive regression procedure to annotate cis and trans-genetic variants to the gene expression levels they directly cause. The algorithm simultaneously recovers a causal ordering of the expression levels to pinpoint the underlying causal graph and estimate root causal effects. TWRCI outperforms alternative approaches across a diverse group of metrics by directly targeting root causal genes while accounting for distal relations, linkage disequilibrium, patient heterogeneity and widespread pleiotropy. We demonstrate the algorithm by uncovering the root causal mechanisms of two complex diseases, which we confirm by replication using independent genome-wide summary statistics.
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Hu S, Yu Q, Liu F, Gong F. A Novel Inflammatory Indicator for Tuberculosis-Associated Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (TOPD): The Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI). J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:4219-4228. [PMID: 38974002 PMCID: PMC11227324 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s468232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) following tuberculosis (TB) is known as tuberculosis-associated obstructive pulmonary disease (TOPD). This study aimed to explore the predictive value of inflammatory indicators for TOPD in TB patients. Methods Data for this cross-sectional study were collected between January 2014 and January 2022 at Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital. The ratio of inflammatory indicators, including Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI), C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio (CLR), eosinophil count-to-lymphocyte count ratio (ELR), were calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the association between the ratio of inflammatory indicators and TOPD. Furthermore, the relationship between the ratio of inflammatory indicators and TOPD was investigated using propensity score matching (PSM) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate their predictive value for TOPD. Results The present study included a total of 737 patients, of whom 83 participants (11.26%) had TOPD. Sixty-nine TOPD patients and 69 non-TOPD (NTOPD) patients were successfully matched. Univariate and multivariable logistics regression analysis, conducted before and after PSM, revealed that SIRI was independently significantly associated with an increased risk of TOPD. The area under curve (AUC) of SIRI were 0.702 and 0.668 before and after PSM, respectively. Additionally, patients were stratified into four different groups based on SIRI quartiles for further analysis. The prevalence of TOPD in TB patients showed an increase with higher SIRI values, both before and after PSM. Conclusion Levels of inflammatory indicators were higher in TOPD patients when compared to NTOPD patients. SIRI may be a simple and useful inflammatory index for assessing TOPD, and TB patients with higher values of SIRI are more likely to be high-risk group for TOPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengling Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases; Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases; Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fenfang Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases; Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengyun Gong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases; Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
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Yadav V, Pandey V, Gaglani P, Srivastava A, Soni, Subhashini. Inhibiting SIRT-2 by AK-7 restrains airway inflammation and oxidative damage promoting lung resurgence through NF-kB and MAP kinase signaling pathway. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1404122. [PMID: 38979411 PMCID: PMC11228164 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1404122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global cause of mortality with limited effective treatments. Sirtuins (SIRT) are histone deacetylases that are involved in the regulation of redox and inflammatory homeostasis. Hence, the present study aims to investigate the role of SIRT-2 in modulating inflammation in a murine model of COPD. Methods COPD in mice was established by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure for 60 days, and AK-7 was used as the specific SIRT-2 inhibitor. AK-7 (100 µg/kg and 200 µg/kg body weight) was administered intranasally 1 h before CS exposure. Molecular docking was performed to analyze the binding affinity of different inflammatory proteins with AK-7. Results Immune cell analysis showed a significantly increased number of macrophages (F4/80), neutrophils (Gr-1), and lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+) in the COPD, group and their population was declined by AK-7 administration. Total reactive oxygen species, total inducible nitric oxide synthase, inflammatory mediators such as neutrophil elastase, C-reactive protein, histamine, and cytokines as IL4, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α were elevated in COPD and declined in the AK-7 group. However, IL-10 showed reverse results representing anti-inflammatory potency. AK-7 administration by inhibiting SIRT-2 decreased the expression of p-NF-κB, p-P38, p-Erk, and p-JNK and increased the expression of Nrf-2. Furthermore, AK-7 also declined the lung injury by inhibiting inflammation, parenchymal destruction, emphysema, collagen, club cells, and Kohn pores. AK-7 also showed good binding affinity with inflammatory proteins. Discussion The current study reveals that SIRT-2 inhibition mitigates COPD severity and enhances pulmonary therapeutic interventions, suggesting AK-7 as a potential therapeutic molecule for COPD medication development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vinita Pandey
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Pratikkumar Gaglani
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Atul Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Soni
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Subhashini
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Jesus FR, Moraes ACS, da Silva ILN, Passos FC, Salles C, Neves MCLC, Baccan GC. Analysis of Endocrine and Inflammatory Markers in Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry. Med Sci (Basel) 2024; 12:18. [PMID: 38651412 PMCID: PMC11036252 DOI: 10.3390/medsci12020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease of the lungs characterized by chronic airflow obstruction. Individuals with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) may be at risk for developing COPD. This study aimed to characterize PRISm and COPD patients in terms of their immune response and endocrine profile to identify differences extending beyond lung function. The participants performed the clinical assessment, pulmonary function test, and blood collection to determine serum hormone levels and concentrations of cytokine. Differences were observed in the nutritional status, lung function, and comorbidity. There were no differences in IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF levels between PRISm and COPD groups. Both PRISm and COPD patients have lower dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) levels than controls. Correlation analysis of PRISm and COPD patients revealed positive correlations between serum levels of DHEA-S and DHEA, with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC), which negatively correlated with IL-8 levels. The results indicated that despite differences in lung function parameters, the PRISm and COPD groups exhibited similarities in endocrine profile alterations. This study represents the first attempt to link endocrine with immune markers and lung function in individuals with PRISm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabíola Ramos Jesus
- Maternidade Climério de Oliveira (MCO/EBSERH), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40055-150, Bahia, Brazil;
| | - Anna Clara Santiago Moraes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110-110, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Lorena Neves da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110-110, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fabine Correia Passos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110-110, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Cristina Salles
- Unidade do Sistema Respiratório, Ambulatório Professor Francisco Magalhães Neto-Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110-200, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Margarida Célia Lima Costa Neves
- Unidade do Sistema Respiratório, Ambulatório Professor Francisco Magalhães Neto-Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110-200, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gyselle Chrystina Baccan
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110-110, Bahia, Brazil
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Wen C, Yu Z, Wang J, Deng Q, Deng J, Sun Z, Ye Q, Ye Z, Qin K, Peng X. Inhalation of Citrus Reticulata essential oil alleviates airway inflammation and emphysema in COPD rats through regulation of macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117407. [PMID: 37981111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease. Citrus Reticulata peel, the dried ripe peel of Citrus Reticulata species, has been found to have anti-inflammatory and cough attenuation effects. However, the therapeutic effects and its precise underlying mechanisms of atomizing inhalation using Citrus Reticulata essential oil (CREO) have not yet been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic effects of Citrus Reticulata essential oil and its associated anti-inflammatory mechanisms in COPD rat model. METHODS A total of 80 SD rats were randomized into four groups: control group (Con), COPD model group (COPD), COPD + ipratropium bromide (IB), and COPD + citrus reticulata essential oil (CREO). To induce COPD in rats, cigarette smoke (CS) exposure was used, while CREO and IB groups were administered through atomizing inhalation. The clinical signs, pathological lesions of the lung, percentages of antigen-presenting lung macrophages (CD11b/c+/CD86+ cells) and CD8+ T cells, and the content and mRNA expression of cytokines of the lung were analyzed. RESULTS The findings revealed that atomizing inhalation of Citrus reticulata essential oil had therapeutic effects on COPD rats. The treatment resulted in improvement in the body weight and mental status of COPD rats, reduced pathological injury of the lung, and increased proportion of CD11b/c+/CD86+ cells in lung macrophages, while also decreasing the number of CD8+ T cells. In addition, the Citrus Reticulata essential oil reduced the contents of IL-18, IL-17A, IL-12p70, and GM-CSF, downregulated the relative mRNA expression of IFN-γ, IL-4, and MMP-12, and upregulated the mRNA expression of IL-10. CONCLUSIONS Citrus reticulata essential oil can alleviate histological injury of the lung and regulate macrophages and CD8+ T cells in COPD rats. The study suggests that citrus reticulata essential oil could be a potential therapeutic agent for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Wen
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Zhengqiang Yu
- Department of Technology, Sichuan Youngster Technology Co., Ltd, No. 733, Furong Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Culture and Education, Tianfu College of Swufe, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Qing Deng
- Department of Technology, Sichuan Youngster Technology Co., Ltd, No. 733, Furong Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jiajia Deng
- Department of Technology, Sichuan Youngster Technology Co., Ltd, No. 733, Furong Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhenhua Sun
- Department of Technology, Sichuan Youngster Technology Co., Ltd, No. 733, Furong Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiaobo Ye
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Zhen Ye
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Kaihua Qin
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xi Peng
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, China.
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Burkes RM, Bailey E, Hwalek T, Osterburg A, Lach L, Panos R, Waggoner SN, Borchers MT. Associations of Smoking, Cytomegalovirus Serostatus, and Natural Killer Cell Phenotypes in Smokers With and At Risk for COPD. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES (MIAMI, FLA.) 2023; 10:286-296. [PMID: 37267601 PMCID: PMC10484488 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.2022.0382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Chronic obstructive disease (COPD) risk factors, smoking, and chronic infection (cytomegalovirus [CMV]) may mold natural killer (NK) cell populations. What is not known is the magnitude of the effect CMV seropositivity imparts on populations of smokers with and at risk for COPD. We investigate the independent influence of CMV seropositivity on NK cell populations and differential effects when stratifying by COPD and degree of smoking history. Methods Descriptive statistics determine the relationship between cytotoxic NK cell populations and demographic and clinical variables. Multivariable linear regression and predictive modeling were performed to determine associations between positive CMV serology and proportions of CD57+ and natural killer group 2C (NKG2C)+ NK cells. We dichotomized our analysis by those with a heavy smoking history and COPD and described the effect size of CMV seropositivity on NK cell populations. Results When controlled for age, race, sex, pack-years smoked, body mass index, and lung function, CMV+ serostatus was independently associated with a higher proportion of CD57+, NKG2C+, and NKG2C+CD57+ NK cells. CMV+ serostatus was the sole predictor of larger NKG2C+ and CD57+NKG2C+ populations. Associations are more pronounced in those with COPD and heavy smokers. Conclusions Among Veterans who are current and former smokers, CMV+ serostatus was independently associated with larger CD57+ and NKG2C+ populations, with a larger effect in heavy smokers and those with COPD, and was the sole predictor for increased expression of NKG2C+ and CD57+NKG2C+ populations. These findings may be broadened to include the assessment of longitudinal NK cell population change, accrued inflammatory potential, and further identification of pro-inflammatory NK cell population clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Burkes
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Cincinnati VA Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Elijah Bailey
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Timothy Hwalek
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Andrew Osterburg
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Laura Lach
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Cincinnati VA Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Ralph Panos
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Cincinnati VA Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Stephen N. Waggoner
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Michael T. Borchers
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Cincinnati VA Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
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Ding K, Jiang W, Zhan W, Xiong C, Chen J, Wang Y, Jia H, Lei M. The therapeutic potential of quercetin for cigarette smoking-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a narrative review. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2023; 17:17534666231170800. [PMID: 37154390 PMCID: PMC10170608 DOI: 10.1177/17534666231170800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Quercetin has potentially beneficial therapeutic effects for several diseases, including cigarette smoking-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (CS-COPD). Many studies have shown that quercetin's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have positive therapeutic potential for CS-COPD. In addition, quercetin's immunomodulatory, anti-cellular senescence, mitochondrial autophagy-modulating, and gut microbiota-modulating effects may also have therapeutic value for CS-COPD. However, there appears to be no review of the possible mechanisms of quercetin for treating CS-COPD. Moreover, the combination of quercetin with common therapeutic drugs for CS-COPD needs further refinement. Therefore, in this article, after introducing the definition and metabolism of quercetin, and its safety, we comprehensively presented the pathogenesis of CS-COPD related to oxidative stress, inflammation, immunity, cellular senescence, mitochondrial autophagy, and gut microbiota. We then reviewed quercetin's anti-CS-COPD effects, performed by influencing these mechanisms. Finally, we explored the possibility of using quercetin with commonly used drugs for treating CS-COPD, providing a basis for future screening of excellent drug combinations for treating CS-COPD. This review has provided meaningful information on quercetin's mechanisms and clinical use in treating CS-COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixi Ding
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenling Zhan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunping Xiong
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieling Chen
- Shehong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shehong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanan Jia
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
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Vitkina TI, Mineeva EE, Sidletskaya KA. Interaction Of Inflammatory Parameters And Thiol/Disulfide System Of Antioxidant Protection In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. RUSSIAN OPEN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2022.0411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction — Increased incidence and prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) provides rationale for describing the disease progression mechanism, considering the interaction of key participants of this process. The objective of our study was to establish the dysfunction parameters of thiol/disulfide system components and adaptive immunity unit in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Material and Methods — We examined patients with stable COPD of moderate (62 subjects) or severe (50 subjects) grades. The control group included 32 subjects. Prooxidant and antioxidant markers of oxidative stress were investigated with ELISA. We determined cytokine levels in blood plasma and the number of T helper cells expressing IL-6R with flow cytometry (BD FACSCanto II, USA). Correlation pleiads sensu Terentiev were employed to visualize the data. Results — Changes in both antioxidant and cytokine status of subjects with COPD of varying severity grades implied the progression of systemic inflammation in conditions of uncontrolled activation of adaptive immunity unit rather than just a shift in the peroxide balance and an increase in oxygen metabolites. Conclusion — Accumulation of biomolecule peroxidation products, imbalance in the prooxidant-antioxidant system, and a change in pathogenetic mechanism of inflammation could lead to an aggravated course of bronchopulmonary pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana I. Vitkina
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center for Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok Russia
| | - Elena E. Mineeva
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center for Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Karolina A. Sidletskaya
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center for Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
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Marega M, Chen C, Bellusci S. Cross-Talk Between Inflammation and Fibroblast Growth Factor 10 During Organogenesis and Pathogenesis: Lessons Learnt From the Lung and Other Organs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:656883. [PMID: 34136479 PMCID: PMC8201783 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.656883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult human lung is constantly exposed to irritants like particulate matter, toxic chemical compounds, and biological agents (bacteria and viruses) present in the external environment. During breathing, these irritants travel through the bronchi and bronchioles to reach the deeper lung containing the alveoli, which constitute the minimal functional respiratory units. The local biological responses in the alveoli that follow introduction of irritants need to be tightly controlled in order to prevent a massive inflammatory response leading to loss of respiratory function. Cells, cytokines, chemokines and growth factors intervene collectively to re-establish tissue homeostasis, fight the aggression and replace the apoptotic/necrotic cells with healthy cells through proliferation and/or differentiation. Among the important growth factors at play during inflammation, members of the fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) family regulate the repair process. Fgf10 is known to be a key factor for organ morphogenesis and disease. Inflammation is influenced by Fgf10 but can also impact Fgf10 expression per se. Unfortunately, the connection between Fgf10 and inflammation in organogenesis and disease remains unclear. The aim of this review is to highlight the reported players between Fgf10 and inflammation with a focus on the lung and to propose new avenues of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Marega
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Zhuang H, Li N, Chen S, Shen Y, Zhan W, Xu X, Zhuo S. Correlation between level of autophagy and frequency of CD8 + T cells in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520952638. [PMID: 32910701 PMCID: PMC7488904 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520952638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains elusive. Here, we assessed the correlation between CD8+ T cell frequencies and autophagy in COPD patients. Methods Subjects were divided into three groups (n = 30 patients/group): (1) COPD patients in the stable phase; (2) smokers with normal lung function; and (3) non-smokers with normal lung function. Flow cytometry was used to enumerate CD8+ T cell subsets (CD8+, CD8+ effector, and CD8+ memory T cells) and quantitate T-cell apoptosis. RT-PCR and western blotting were used to measure levels of LC3 and p62. Results Frequencies of CD8+ T cell subsets and expression of p62 and LC3 II/I were significantly higher in COPD patients compared with the other two groups, while the rate of apoptosis was lower. In COPD patients, LC3 II/I and p62 expression were positively correlated with CD8+ T cell subset frequencies. Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between LC3 II/I and p62 expression and T cell subset frequencies. Conclusion Autophagy level is positively correlated with the frequencies of CD8+ T cells, suggesting that autophagy might be involved in COPD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhuang
- Respiratory Department, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Na Li
- Respiratory Department, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sida Chen
- Respiratory Department, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Respiratory Department, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wugen Zhan
- Respiratory Department, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangqun Xu
- Respiratory Department, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Songming Zhuo
- Respiratory Department, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Li X, Xu J, Li P. Rat bone mesenchymal stem cells exert antiproliferative effects on nicotine‑exposed T cells via iNOS production. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2267-2275. [PMID: 32186760 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) significantly alleviates smoking‑induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rats. Considering the critical roles of T cells during COPD development, the present study aimed to further identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the antiproliferative effect of BMSCs on splenic T cells isolated from rats following chronic exposure to nicotine. Splenic T cells were co‑cultured with rat BMSCs at various ratios and subsequently, T‑cell proliferation was measured using the Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. The effects of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor N‑nitro‑L‑arginine methylester (L‑NAME) and short hairpin (sh)RNA‑lentivirus‑mediated knockdown of iNOS in BMSCs on T‑cell proliferation were evaluated. The expression levels of iNOS and STAT5 phosphorylation in BMSCs and T cells, respectively, were assessed by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting. A higher ratio of BMSCs to T cells resulted in increased inhibition of T‑cell proliferation; therefore, the ratio of 1:20 was selected for further in vitro experiments. At a dose of 5 µM, L‑NAME displayed the strongest ability to reverse the antiproliferative effects of BMSCs in the co‑culture system. Both L‑NAME treatment and shRNA‑mediated knockdown of iNOS expression significantly decreased the suppressive effects of BMSCs, downregulated iNOS expression at the mRNA and protein levels in BMSCs, and enhanced STAT5 phosphorylation in T cells. BMSCs inhibited the proliferation of nicotine‑exposed T cells, which was associated with iNOS expression in BMSCs and decreased STAT5 phosphorylation in T cells. The present study indicated the potential mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of BMSC infusion in patients with chronic smoking‑induced COPD and emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Pingping Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030009, P.R. China
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Chen X, Li Y, Hua C, Jia P, Xing Y, Xue B, Tian X, Yang Y, Zhang J, Qiao L, Liu H, Li X, Xie F. Establishment of rapid risk assessment model for cigarette smoke extract exposure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Toxicol Lett 2019; 316:10-19. [PMID: 31476341 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Rapid risk assessment models for different types of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure are critical to understanding the etiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The present study investigated inflammation of cultured tracheal tissues with CSE exposure. Rat trachea rings were isolated, cultured, then exposed to various concentrations of CSE from 3R4 F reference cigarettes for 4 h. Tissue/cellular morphology, ultrastructure, viability and damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and inflammatory protein levels were measured and compared to untreated controls. Human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) exposed to 0 or 300 μg/mL CSE were cocultured with macrophages to assess extent of mobilization and phagocytosis. Endotracheal epithelium cilia densities were significantly reduced with increasing CSE concentrations, while mucous membranes became increasingly disordered; both eventually disappeared. Macrophages became larger as the CSE concentration increased, with microvilli and extended pseudopodium covering their surface, and many primary and secondary lysosomes present in the cytoplasm. Inflammatory cell infiltration also increased with increasing CSE dose, as did intracellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), interleukin-6(IL-6). The method described here may be useful to qualitatively characterized the effects of the compound under study. Then, we use BEAS-2B cell line system to strength the observation made in the cultured tissues. Probably, an approach to integrate results from both experiments will facilitate its application. These results demonstrate that cultured rat tracheal rings have a whole-tissue structure that undergoes inflammatory processes similar to in vivo tissues upon CSE exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, PR China; Department of Human Anatomy Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Human Anatomy Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Chenfeng Hua
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Peijun Jia
- Department of Human Anatomy Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Yinpei Xing
- Department of Human Anatomy Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Bohan Xue
- Department of Human Anatomy Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Tian
- Department of Human Anatomy Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Experimental Center of Pathology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, PR China
| | - Liangjun Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Fuwei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, PR China.
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Pascual-González Y, López-Sánchez M, Dorca J, Santos S. Defining the role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in COPD: a systematic literature review. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:3651-3662. [PMID: 30464448 PMCID: PMC6225854 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s178068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
COPD is characterized by a pulmonary and systemic inflammatory process. Several authors have reported the elevation of multiple inflammatory markers in patients with COPD; however, their use in routine clinical practice has limitations. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a useful and cost-effective inflammatory marker derived from routine complete blood count. We performed a systematic literature review using the PRISMA statement. Twenty-two articles were included, recruiting 7,601 COPD patients and 784 healthy controls. Compared with controls, COPD patients had significantly higher NLR values. We found a significant correlation between the NLR and clinical/functional parameters (FEV1, mMRC, and BODE index) in COPD patients. Elevation of the NLR is associated with the diagnosis of acute exacerbation of COPD (pooled data propose a cut-off value of 3.34 with a median sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of 80%, 86%, and 0.86, respectively). Additionally, increased NLR is also associated with the diagnosis of a bacterial infection in exacerbated patients, with a cut-off value of 7.30, although with a low sensitivity and specificity. The NLR is an independent predictor of in-hospital and late mortality after exacerbation. In conclusion, the NLR could be a useful marker in COPD patients; however, further studies are needed to better identify the clinical value of the NLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliana Pascual-González
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital - IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Marta López-Sánchez
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital - IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Jordi Dorca
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital - IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Salud Santos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital - IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain, .,Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium - Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain,
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Sohail I, Ghosh S, Mukundan S, Zelewski S, Khan MN. Role of Inflammatory Risk Factors in the Pathogenesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2275. [PMID: 30333833 PMCID: PMC6176091 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is a colonizer of the human nasopharynx (NP), causing a variety of infections in humans including otitis media, pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. The NP is an immune permissive site which allows for the persistence of commensal bacteria. Acute or chronic respiratory airway inflammation constitutes a significant risk factor for the manifestation of Spn infections. The inflammatory conditions caused by an upper respiratory viral infection or respiratory conditions such as allergic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders (COPDs) are implicated in the dysregulation of airway inflammation and tissue damage, which compromise the respiratory barrier integrity. These immune events promote bacterial outgrowth leading to Spn dissemination and invasion into the bloodstream. Therefore, suppression of inflammation and restoration of respiratory barrier integrity could contain Spn infections manifesting in the backdrop of an inflammatory disease condition. The gained knowledge could be harnessed in the design of novel therapeutic interventions to circumvent Spn bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifrah Sohail
- Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Santhosh Mukundan
- Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Susan Zelewski
- Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - M Nadeem Khan
- Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
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Bak SH, Kim S, Hong Y, Heo J, Lim MN, Kim WJ. Quantitative computed tomography features and clinical manifestations associated with the extent of bronchiectasis in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:1421-1431. [PMID: 29750028 PMCID: PMC5936002 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s157953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have investigated the quantitative computed tomography (CT) features associated with the severity of bronchiectasis in COPD patients. The purpose of this study was to identify the quantitative CT features and clinical values to determine the extent of bronchiectasis in moderate-to-severe COPD patients. Methods A total of 127 moderate-to-severe COPD patients were selected from the cohort of COPD in Dusty Areas (CODA). The study subjects were classified into three groups according to the extent of bronchiectasis on CT: no bronchiectasis, mild bronchiectasis, and moderate-to-severe bronchiectasis. The three groups were compared with respect to demographic data, symptoms, medical history, serum inflammatory markers, pulmonary function, and quantitative CT values. Results Among 127 moderate-to-severe COPD subjects, 73 patients (57.5%) were detected to have bronchiectasis, 51 patients (40.2%) to have mild bronchiectasis, and 22 patients (17.3%) to have moderate-to-severe bronchiectasis. Compared with COPD patients without bronchiectasis, those with bronchiectasis were older and had higher frequency of prior tuberculosis, lower prevalence of bronchodilator reversibility (BDR), and more severe air trapping (P < 0.05). Moderate-to-severe bronchiectasis patients had lower body mass index (BMI), higher frequency of prior tuberculosis, lower prevalence of BDR, worse pulmonary function, and more severe air trapping (P < 0.05) than those in the mild bronchiectasis group. Conclusion Moderate-to-severe bronchiectasis was associated with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis, lower BMI, severe airflow obstruction, and lower BDR in moderate-to-severe COPD patients. Quantitative analysis of CT showed that severe air trapping was associated with the extent of bronchiectasis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hyeon Bak
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Repubilc of Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonki Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwon Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Nam Lim
- Data Analysis Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Xie L, Chen W, Dong R, He B, Zhao K, Zhang L, Zhou M, He P. Function of macrophage scavenger receptor 1 gene polymorphisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with and without lung cancer in China. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8046-8052. [PMID: 29731913 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the association between the variants of macrophage scavenger receptor (MSR)1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with or without lung cancer in China. COPD and lung cancer were previously regarded as two separate diseases. However, it has since been reported that there are close associations between COPD and lung cancer. Lung cancer may be an outcome of COPD. COPD may also coexist with lung cancer, and patients with COPD with lung cancer tend to have increased mortality. It is important to have a better understanding of the pathogenesis of COPD and the reason why it develops into lung cancer. MSR1 serves a crucial function in phagocytosis, which may be associated with the pathogenesis of COPD and lung cancer in patients with COPD. From 1 July 2015 to 20 February 2016, 100 patients with COPD and lung cancer, 100 patients with COPD without lung cancer and 100 healthy smokers were enrolled at the Shanghai Ruijin Hospital (Shanghai, China) for the genotyping of eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; ex3P36A_C>G, ex3S41Y_C>A, ex4V113A_T>C, ex4P174Y_G>T, ex6P275A_C>G, ex6R293×_C>T, ex10G369S_G>A and ex11H441R_A>G) via gene sequencing. The genotype frequencies of these SNPs did not significantly differ between patients with COPD with and without lung cancer, and the healthy controls. However, during DNA sequencing, the SNP rs13306550 (IVS4+3A>G) was identified in the splice donor site and was significantly associated with an increased risk of COPD compared with the healthy smokers (P=0.0053). The present study demonstrated that the variant rs13306550 was a risk factor for COPD susceptibility, but that did not influence lung cancer pathogenesis in patients with COPD. However, the mechanisms underlying the influence of rs13306550 on COPD development and progression remain to be elucidated and require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ran Dong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Bin He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Kaishun Zhao
- Department of Respiration, Jiading Central Hospital, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
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Kim WJ, Park HJ, Choi YJ, Kwon EY, Kim BM, Lee JH, Chang JH, Lee Kang J, Choi JH. Association between Genetic Variations of MERTK and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Koreans. J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33:e56. [PMID: 29359540 PMCID: PMC5785628 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a debilitating lung disease. To date, a large number of clinical studies have been conducted to investigate the association between genetic variations and COPD. However, little is known regarding the genetic susceptibility of Koreans to this disease. MER receptor tyrosine kinase (MERTK) plays important roles in the inhibition of inflammation and in the clearance of apoptotic cells. Here, we investigated the association between genetic variations in MERTK and the development of COPD in Koreans. METHODS We conducted genetic analysis of MERTK using genomic DNA samples from 87 patients with COPD and 88 healthy controls and compared the frequency of each variation or haplotype between the patient and control groups. Subsequently, the effect of each variation was evaluated using in vitro assays. RESULTS Ten variations were identified in this study, four of them for the first time. In addition, we found that the frequency of each variation or haplotype was comparable between the patient and control groups. However, we observed that the frequency for the wild-type haplotype was higher in the control group, compared to that in the group of patients with COPD, in the subgroup analysis of current smokers, although the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.080). In in vitro assays, we observed that none of the variations affected the activity of the promoter or the expression of MERTK. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that the susceptibility to COPD is not related to the genetic variations or haplotypes of MERTK in Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang Ji Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihee Lee Kang
- Department of Physiology, Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Ha Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
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18
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Liang X, Wang J, Guan R, Zhao L, Li D, Long Z, Yang Q, Xu J, Wang Z, Xie J, Lu W. Limax extract ameliorates cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 54:210-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Song JH, Lee CH, Kim JW, Lee WY, Jung JY, Park JH, Jung KS, Yoo KH, Park YB, Kim DK. Clinical implications of blood eosinophil count in patients with non-asthma-COPD overlap syndrome COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:2455-2464. [PMID: 28860740 PMCID: PMC5566415 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s129321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies that assessed the relevance of the blood eosinophil count as a biomarker in patients with COPD may have overestimated it because they included patients with asthma–COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS). We investigated the clinical implications of the blood eosinophil count in patients with non-ACOS COPD. Patients and methods From a Korean COPD Subtype Study (KOCOSS) cohort, we selected patients with non-ACOS COPD after excluding ACOS patients according to Spanish criteria. Clinical characteristics and the incidence of moderate-to-severe exacerbation were compared among the four groups stratified according to the quartiles of blood eosinophil percent and count. Results Of the KOCOSS cohort of 1,132 patients with COPD, 467 non-ACOS COPD patients (41.2%) with data of blood eosinophil count remained after excluding those with ACOS based on the Spanish definition. There was no difference in clinical characteristics among groups classified according to the quartiles of eosinophil percent and count. On multivariate logistic regression, eosinophil quartiles in percent and absolute count were not associated with the incidence of moderate-to-severe acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). The eosinophil count did not affect the risk of AECOPD or forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) changes according to exposure to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS). However, by increasing the cutoff value for the eosinophil count from 200/μL to 600/μL, the odds ratio for risk of exacerbation increased serially from 0.82 to 2.96 on trend analysis. Conclusion In patients with non-ACOS COPD, the blood eosinophil count and percent were not associated with FEV1 changes, quality of life (QoL), AECOPD frequency, or response to ICS. The clinical implication of the blood eosinophil count should not be overestimated in patients with non-ACOS COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hwa Song
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital
| | - Chang-Hoon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital
| | - Jin Woo Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
| | - Won-Yeon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do
| | - Ji Ye Jung
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Joo Hun Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon
| | - Ki Suck Jung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical School, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do
| | - Kwang Ha Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine
| | - Yong Bum Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital
| | - Deog Keom Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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21
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Bodas M, Vij N. Augmenting autophagy for prognosis based intervention of COPD-pathophysiology. Respir Res 2017; 18:83. [PMID: 28472967 PMCID: PMC5418861 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0560-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is foremost among the non-reversible fatal ailments where exposure to tobacco/biomass-smoke and aging are the major risk factors for the initiation and progression of the obstructive lung disease. The role of smoke-induced inflammatory-oxidative stress, apoptosis and cellular senescence in driving the alveolar damage that mediates the emphysema progression and severe lung function decline is apparent, although the central mechanism that regulates these processes was unknown. To fill in this gap in knowledge, the central role of proteostasis and autophagy in regulating chronic lung disease causing mechanisms has been recently described. Recent studies demonstrate that cigarette/nicotine exposure induces proteostasis/autophagy-impairment that leads to perinuclear accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins as aggresome-bodies, indicative of emphysema severity. In support of this concept, autophagy inducing FDA-approved anti-oxidant drugs control tobacco-smoke induced inflammatory-oxidative stress, apoptosis, cellular senescence and COPD-emphysema progression in variety of preclinical models. Hence, we propose that precise and early detection of aggresome-pathology can allow the timely assessment of disease severity in COPD-emphysema subjects for prognosis-based intervention. While intervention with autophagy-inducing drugs is anticipated to reduce alveolar damage and lung function decline, resulting in a decrease in the current mortality rates in COPD-emphysema subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Bodas
- Molecular & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt Pleasant, 2630 Denison Drive, Room# 120 (Office) & 126-127 (Lab), College of Medicine Research Building, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
| | - Neeraj Vij
- Molecular & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt Pleasant, 2630 Denison Drive, Room# 120 (Office) & 126-127 (Lab), College of Medicine Research Building, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Pulmonary Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
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22
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Hiraiwa K, Miller S, Ngan DA, Vasilescu DM, Hackett TL, Kinose D, Cheng JC, van Eeden SF. Statins reduce the burden of ambient particulate matter and inflammatory cells within the lung tissues of smokers with and without COPD. Eur Respir J 2017; 49:13993003.01689-2016. [PMID: 28049173 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01689-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiko Hiraiwa
- University of British Columbia, Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sally Miller
- University of British Columbia, Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David A Ngan
- University of British Columbia, Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dragoş M Vasilescu
- University of British Columbia, Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tillie-Louise Hackett
- University of British Columbia, Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daisuke Kinose
- University of British Columbia, Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jui Chih Cheng
- University of British Columbia, Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephan F van Eeden
- University of British Columbia, Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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