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Stifter K, Krieger J, Ruths L, Gout J, Mulaw M, Lechel A, Kleger A, Seufferlein T, Wagner M, Schirmbeck R. IFN-γ treatment protocol for MHC-I lo/PD-L1 + pancreatic tumor cells selectively restores their TAP-mediated presentation competence and CD8 T-cell priming potential. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-000692. [PMID: 32868392 PMCID: PMC7462314 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many cancer cells express a major histocompatibility complex class I low/ programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 positive (MHC-Ilo/PD-L1+) cell surface profile. For immunotherapy, there is, thus, an urgent need to restore presentation competence of cancer cells with defects in MHC-I processing/presentation combined with immune interventions that tackle the tumor-initiated PD-L1/PD-1 signaling axis. Using pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells (PDACCs) as a model, we here explored if (and how) expression/processing of tumor antigens via transporters associated with antigen processing (TAP) affects priming of CD8 T cells in PD-1/PD-L1-competent/-deficient mice. Methods We generated tumor antigen-expressing vectors, immunized TAP-competent/-deficient mice and determined de novo primed CD8 T-cell frequencies by flow cytometry. Similarly, we explored the antigenicity and PD-L1/PD-1 sensitivity of PDACCs versus interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-treated PDACCs in PD-1/PD-L1-competent/deficient mice. The IFN-γ-induced effects on gene and cell surface expression profiles were determined by microarrays and flow cytometry. Results We identified two antigens (cripto-1 and an endogenous leukemia virus-derived gp70) that were expressed in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) of PDACCs and induced CD8 T-cell responses either independent (Cripto-1:Kb/Cr16-24) or dependent (gp70:Kb/p15E) on TAP by DNA immunization. IFN-γ-treatment of PDACCs in vitro upregulated MHC-I- and TAP- but also PD-L1-expression. Mechanistically, PD-L1/PD-1 signaling was superior to the reconstitution of MHC-I presentation competence, as subcutaneously transplanted IFN-γ-treated PDACCs developed tumors in C57BL/6J and PD-L1-/- but not in PD-1-/- mice. Using PDACCs, irradiated at day 3 post-IFN-γ-treatment or PD-L1 knockout PDACCs as vaccines, we could selectively bypass upregulation of PD-L1, preferentially induce TAP-dependent gp70:Kb/p15E-specific CD8 T cells associated with a weakened PD-1+ exhaustion phenotype and reject consecutively injected tumor transplants in C57BL/6J mice. Conclusions The IFN-γ-treatment protocol is attractive for cell-based immunotherapies, because it restores TAP-dependent antigen processing in cancer cells, facilitates priming of TAP-dependent effector CD8 T-cell responses without additional check point inhibitors and could be combined with genetic vaccines that complement priming of TAP-independent CD8 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Stifter
- Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jana Krieger
- Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Leonie Ruths
- Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johann Gout
- Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Medhanie Mulaw
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andre Lechel
- Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Martin Wagner
- Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Spyrantis A, Krieger J, Stifter K, Boehm BO, Schirmbeck R. A dominant insulin-specific and islet-destructive T-cell response is sufficient to activate CD8 T cells directed against the fatty-acid receptor GPR40. Cell Mol Immunol 2019; 17:659-661. [PMID: 31649307 PMCID: PMC7264294 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Spyrantis
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital; Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jana Krieger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital; Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Katja Stifter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital; Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bernhard Otto Boehm
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Reinhold Schirmbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital; Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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Preproinsulin Designer Antigens Excluded from Endoplasmic Reticulum Suppressed Diabetes Development in NOD Mice by DNA Vaccination. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 12:123-133. [PMID: 30623001 PMCID: PMC6319196 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
DNA vaccines against autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) contain a nonpredictable risk to induce autoreactive T cell responses rather than a protective immunity. Little is known if (and how) antigen expression and processing requirements favor the induction of autoreactive or protective immune responses by DNA immunization. Here, we analyzed whether structural properties of preproinsulin (ppins) variants and/or subcellular targeting of ppins designer antigens influence the priming of effector CD8+ T cell responses by DNA immunization. Primarily, we used H-2b RIP-B7.1 tg mice, expressing the co-stimulator molecule B7.1 in beta cells, to identify antigens that induce or fail to induce autoreactive ppins-specific (Kb/A12-21 and/or Kb/B22-29) CD8+ T cell responses. Female NOD mice, expressing the diabetes-susceptible H-2g7 haplotype, were used to test ppins variants for their potential to suppress spontaneous diabetes development. We showed that ppins antigens excluded from expression in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) did not induce CD8+ T cells or autoimmune diabetes in RIP-B7.1 tg mice, but efficiently suppressed spontaneous diabetes development in NOD mice as well as ppins-induced CD8+ T cell-mediated autoimmune diabetes in PD-L1−/− mice. The induction of a ppins-specific therapeutic immunity in mice has practical implications for the design of immune therapies against T1D in individuals expressing different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II molecules.
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Stifter K, Schuster C, Schlosser M, Boehm BO, Schirmbeck R. Exploring the induction of preproinsulin-specific Foxp3(+) CD4(+) Treg cells that inhibit CD8(+) T cell-mediated autoimmune diabetes by DNA vaccination. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29419. [PMID: 27406624 PMCID: PMC4942695 DOI: 10.1038/srep29419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA vaccination is a promising strategy to induce effector T cells but also regulatory Foxp3+ CD25+ CD4+ Treg cells and inhibit autoimmune disorders such as type 1 diabetes. Little is known about the antigen requirements that facilitate priming of Treg cells but not autoreactive effector CD8+ T cells. We have shown that the injection of preproinsulin (ppins)-expressing pCI/ppins vector into PD-1- or PD-L1-deficient mice induced Kb/A12-21-monospecific CD8+ T cells and autoimmune diabetes. A pCI/ppinsΔA12-21 vector (lacking the critical Kb/A12-21 epitope) did not induce autoimmune diabetes but elicited a systemic Foxp3+ CD25+ Treg cell immunity that suppressed diabetes induction by a subsequent injection of the diabetogenic pCI/ppins. TGF-β expression was significantly enhanced in the Foxp3+ CD25+ Treg cell population of vaccinated/ppins-primed mice. Ablation of Treg cells in vaccinated/ppins-primed mice by anti-CD25 antibody treatment abolished the protective effect of the vaccine and enabled diabetes induction by pCI/ppins. Adoptive transfer of Treg cells from vaccinated/ppins-primed mice into PD-L1−/− hosts efficiently suppressed diabetes induction by pCI/ppins. We narrowed down the Treg-stimulating domain to a 15-residue ppins76–90 peptide. Vaccine-induced Treg cells thus play a crucial role in the control of de novo primed autoreactive effector CD8+ T cells in this diabetes model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Stifter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schuster
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Schlosser
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Group of Predictive Diagnostics, University Medical Centre Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Otto Boehm
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 636921, Singapore, Singapore.,Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Reinhold Schirmbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
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Inducing Specific Immune Tolerance to Prevent Type 1 Diabetes in NOD Mice. Pancreas 2016; 45:882-8. [PMID: 26784909 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Proinsulin is the first autoantigen in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We reasoned that coupling hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation with ex vivo transduction of syngeneic HSCs with lentiviral vectors to express proinsulin II could prevent T1D in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. METHODS Hematopoietic stem cells were isolated from 6- to 8-week-old NOD female mice and transduced in vitro with lentiviral vectors encoding proinsulin II. Preconditioned 3- to 4-week-old female NOD mice were transplanted with transduced or nontransduced HSCs and compared with age-matched unmanipulated control. The insulitis, T1D development, and immune reconstitution were assessed. RESULTS The mean (SD) insulitis score was significantly reduced (1.156 [0.575] vs 2.156 [0.892] or 3.043 [0.728], P = 0.009 or <0.001), and diabetes was nearly completely prevented (1/13 vs 5/12 or 4/9, P = 0.031 or 0.013) in recipients of transduced HSCs expressing proinsulin II as compared with recipients of nontransduced HSCs or unmanipulated control. Sialitis, reconstitution of peripheral blood leukocytes, and in vitro recall responses to ovalbumin were not different between 3 groups of mice. CONCLUSIONS Syngeneic transplantation of HSCs transduced ex vivo with lentiviral vectors to encode proinsulin II is a novel strategy to prevent T1D.
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Hsu HT, Janßen L, Lawand M, Kim J, Perez-Arroyo A, Culina S, Gdoura A, Burgevin A, Cumenal D, Fourneau Y, Moser A, Kratzer R, Wong FS, Springer S, van Endert P. Endoplasmic reticulum targeting alters regulation of expression and antigen presentation of proinsulin. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:4957-66. [PMID: 24778449 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Peptide ligands presented by MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules are produced by degradation of cytosolic and nuclear, but also endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident, proteins by the proteasome. However, Ag processing of ER proteins remains little characterized. Studying processing and presentation of proinsulin, which plays a pivotal role in autoimmune diabetes, we found that targeting to the ER has profound effects not only on how proinsulin is degraded, but also on regulation of its cellular levels. While proteasome inhibition inhibited degradation and presentation of cytosolic proinsulin, as expected, it reduced the abundance of ER-targeted proinsulin. This targeting and protein modifications modifying protein half-life also had profound effects on MHC-I presentation and proteolytic processing of proinsulin. Thus, presentation of stable luminal forms was inefficient but enhanced by proteasome inhibition, whereas that of unstable luminal forms and of a cytosolic form were more efficient and compromised by proteasome inhibitors. Distinct stability of peptide MHC complexes produced from cytosolic and luminal proinsulin suggests that different proteolytic activities process the two Ag forms. Thus, both structural features and subcellular targeting of Ags can have strong effects on the processing pathways engaged by MHC-I-restricted Ags, and on the efficiency and regulation of their presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Ting Hsu
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Linda Janßen
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Molecular Life Science Center, Jacobs University Bremen, 28759 Bremen, Germany; and
| | - Myriam Lawand
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jessica Kim
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alicia Perez-Arroyo
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Slobodan Culina
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Abdel Gdoura
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anne Burgevin
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Cumenal
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yousra Fourneau
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anna Moser
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Roland Kratzer
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - F Susan Wong
- Centre for Endocrine and Diabetes Science, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Springer
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Molecular Life Science Center, Jacobs University Bremen, 28759 Bremen, Germany; and
| | - Peter van Endert
- INSERM, Unité 1151, 75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France;
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A missing PD-L1/PD-1 coinhibition regulates diabetes induction by preproinsulin-specific CD8 T-cells in an epitope-specific manner. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71746. [PMID: 23977133 PMCID: PMC3747217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coinhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 (B7-H1) interactions provide critical signals for the regulation of autoreactive T-cell responses. We established mouse models, expressing the costimulator molecule B7.1 (CD80) on pancreatic beta cells (RIP-B7.1 tg mice) or are deficient in coinhibitory PD-L1 or PD-1 molecules (PD-L1−/− and PD-1−/− mice), to study induction of preproinsulin (ppins)-specific CD8 T-cell responses and experimental autoimmune diabetes (EAD) by DNA-based immunization. RIP-B7.1 tg mice allowed us to identify two CD8 T-cell specificities: pCI/ppins DNA exclusively induced Kb/A12–21-specific CD8 T-cells and EAD, whereas pCI/ppinsΔA12–21 DNA (encoding ppins without the COOH-terminal A12–21 epitope) elicited Kb/B22–29-specific CD8 T-cells and EAD. Specific expression/processing of mutant ppinsΔA12–21 (but not ppins) in non-beta cells, targeted by intramuscular DNA-injection, thus facilitated induction of Kb/B22–29-specific CD8 T-cells. The A12–21 epitope binds Kb molecules with a very low avidity as compared with B22–29. Interestingly, immunization of coinhibition-deficient PD-L1−/− or PD-1−/− mice with pCI/ppins induced Kb/A12–21-monospecific CD8 T-cells and EAD but injections with pCI/ppinsΔA12–21 did neither recruit Kb/B22–29-specific CD8 T-cells into the pancreatic target tissue nor induce EAD. PpinsΔA12–21/(Kb/B22–29)-mediated EAD was efficiently restored in RIP-B7.1+/PD-L1−/− mice, differing from PD-L1−/− mice only in the tg B7.1 expression in beta cells. Alternatively, an ongoing beta cell destruction and tissue inflammation, initiated by ppins/(Kb/A12–21)-specific CD8 T-cells in pCI/ppins+pCI/ppinsΔA12–21 co-immunized PD-L1−/− mice, facilitated the expansion of ppinsΔA12–21/(Kb/B22–29)-specific CD8 T-cells. CD8 T-cells specific for the high-affinity Kb/B22–29- (but not the low-affinity Kb/A12–21)-epitope thus require stimulatory ´help from beta cells or inflamed islets to expand in PD-L1-deficient mice. The new PD-1/PD-L1 diabetes models may be valuable tools to study under well controlled experimental conditions distinct hierarchies of autoreactive CD8 T-cell responses, which trigger the initial steps of beta cell destruction or emerge during the pathogenic progression of EAD.
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Abstract
Beta cell destruction in autoimmune diabetes is accompanied by the presence of autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells against beta cell antigens. Autoantibodies to insulin are predictive of future diabetes in man and in the non-obese diabetic mouse model. Furthermore, the detection of peripheral autoreactive CD8(+) T cells in this mouse model is indicative of beta cell killing and correlates with the development of diabetes. We describe two protocols that are helpful for the detection of beta-cell autoimmunity in mice. The first protocol describes the detection of insulin-specific autoantibodies using a radio-binding assay. The other is a general CD8(+) T cell ELISpot protocol for the detection of peptide-specific responses of CD8(+) T cells from secondary lymphoid organs or pancreatic islets.
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Reiser M, Wieland A, Plachter B, Mertens T, Greiner J, Schirmbeck R. The Immunodominant CD8 T Cell Response to the Human Cytomegalovirus Tegument Phosphoprotein pp65495–503Epitope Critically Depends on CD4 T Cell Help in Vaccinated HLA-A*0201 Transgenic Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 187:2172-80. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1002512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zaiss DMW, Bekker CPJ, Gröne A, Lie BA, Sijts AJAM. Proteasome immunosubunits protect against the development of CD8 T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 187:2302-9. [PMID: 21804012 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of cells to inflammatory cytokines induces the expression of three proteasome immunosubunits, two of which are encoded in the MHC class II region. The induced subunits replace their constitutive homologs in newly formed "so-called" immunoproteasomes. Immunosubunit incorporation enhances the proteasome's proteolytic activity and modifies the proteasome's cleavage-site preferences, which improves the generation of many MHC class I-presented peptides and shapes the fine specificity of pathogen-specific CD8 T cell responses. In this article, we report on a second effect of immunoproteasome formation on CD8 T cell responses. We show that mice deficient for the immunosubunits β5i/low molecular mass polypeptide (LMP7) and β2i/multicatalytic endopeptidase complex-like-1 develop early-stage multiorgan autoimmunity following irradiation and bone marrow transplantation. Disease symptoms are caused by CD8 T cells and are transferable into immunosubunit-deficient, RAG1-deficient mice. Moreover, using the human Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium MHC dataset, we identified two single nucleotide polymorphisms within the β5i/LMP7-encoding gene sequences, which were in strong linkage disequilibrium, as independent genetic risk factors for type 1 diabetes development in humans. Strikingly, these single nucleotide polymorphisms significantly enhanced the risk conferred by HLA haplotypes that were previously shown to predispose for type 1 diabetes. These data suggested that inflammation-induced immunosubunit expression in peripheral tissues constitutes a mechanism that prevents the development of CD8 T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar M W Zaiss
- Division of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, 3584CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Del Val M, Iborra S, Ramos M, Lázaro S. Generation of MHC class I ligands in the secretory and vesicular pathways. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:1543-52. [PMID: 21387141 PMCID: PMC11114776 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CD8(+) T lymphocytes screen the surface of all cells in the body to detect pathogen infection or oncogenic transformation. They recognize peptides derived from cellular proteins displayed at the plasma membrane by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. Peptides are mostly by-products of cytosolic proteolytic enzymes. Peptidic ligands of MHC class I molecules are also generated in the secretory and vesicular pathways. Features of protein substrates, of proteases and of available MHC class I molecules for loading peptides in these compartments shape a singular collection of ligands that also contain different, longer, and lower affinity peptides than ligands produced in the cytosol. Especially in individuals who lack the transporters associated with antigen processing, TAP, and in infected and tumor cells where TAP is blocked, which thus have no supply of peptides derived from the cytosol, MHC class I ligands generated in the secretory and vesicular pathways contribute to shaping the CD8(+) T lymphocyte response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Del Val
- Unidad de Inmunología Viral, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain,
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Moser A, Hsu HT, van Endert P. Beta cell antigens in type 1 diabetes: triggers in pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. F1000 BIOLOGY REPORTS 2010; 2:75. [PMID: 21173836 PMCID: PMC2981181 DOI: 10.3410/b2-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of pancreatic beta cell antigens by autoreactive T lymphocytes plays a central role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes. Recent results suggest that non-conventional antigenic epitope processing and presentation may contribute to triggering and maintaining autoreactive responses. Moreover, promising results raise hope that autoantigens may become safe and specific therapeutics for type 1 diabetes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Moser
- Faculté de Médecine René Descartes, Université Paris Descartes161 rue de Sèvres, 75015 ParisFrance
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleUnité 1013, 161 rue de Sèvres, 75015 ParisFrance
| | - Hsiang-Ting Hsu
- Faculté de Médecine René Descartes, Université Paris Descartes161 rue de Sèvres, 75015 ParisFrance
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleUnité 1013, 161 rue de Sèvres, 75015 ParisFrance
| | - Peter van Endert
- Faculté de Médecine René Descartes, Université Paris Descartes161 rue de Sèvres, 75015 ParisFrance
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleUnité 1013, 161 rue de Sèvres, 75015 ParisFrance
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Rajasalu T, Brosi H, Schuster C, Spyrantis A, Boehm BO, Chen L, Reimann J, Schirmbeck R. Deficiency in B7-H1 (PD-L1)/PD-1 coinhibition triggers pancreatic beta-cell destruction by insulin-specific, murine CD8 T-cells. Diabetes 2010; 59:1966-73. [PMID: 20484136 PMCID: PMC2911076 DOI: 10.2337/db09-1135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE RIP-B7.1 mice expressing the costimulator molecule B7.1 (CD80) on pancreatic beta-cells are a well established model to characterize preproinsulin-specific CD8 T-cell responses and experimental autoimmune diabetes (EAD). Different immunization strategies could prime preproinsulin-specific CD8 T-cells in wild-type C57BL/6 (B6) mice, but did not induce diabetes. We tested whether altering the B7-H1 (PD-L1) coinhibition on pancreatic beta-cells can reveal a diabetogenic potential of preproinsulin-specific CD8 T-cells. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS DNA-based immunization and adoptive T-cell transfers were used to characterize the induction of preproinsulin-specific CD8 T-cell responses and EAD in RIP-B7.1, B6, B7-H1(-/-), PD-1(-/-) or bone marrow chimeric mice. RESULTS Preproinsulin-specific CD8 T-cells primed in B6 mice revealed their diabetogenic potential after adoptive transfer into congenic RIP-B7.1 hosts. Furthermore, preproinsulin-specific CD8 T-cells primed in anti-B7-H1 antibody-treated B6 mice, or primed in B7-H1(-/-) or PD-1(-/-) mice induced EAD. Immunization of bone marrow chimeric mice showed that deficiency of either B7-H.1 in pancreatic beta-cells or of PD-1 in autoreactive CD8 T-cells induced EAD. CONCLUSIONS An imbalance between costimulator (B7.1) and coinhibitor (B7-H1) signals on pancreatic beta-cells can trigger pancreatic beta-cell-destruction by preproinsulin-specific CD8 T-cells. Hence, regulation of the susceptibility of the beta-cells for a preproinsulin-specific CD8 T-cell attack can allow or suppress EAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarvo Rajasalu
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Immunology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Helen Brosi
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schuster
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Spyrantis
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Lieping Chen
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jörg Reimann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schirmbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Corresponding author: Reinhold Schirmbeck,
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