1
|
Li J, Chen Z, Kim G, Luo J, Hori S, Wu C. Cathepsin W restrains peripheral regulatory T cells for mucosal immune quiescence. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf3924. [PMID: 37436991 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf3924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral regulatory T (pTreg) cells are a key T cell lineage for mucosal immune tolerance and anti-inflammatory responses, and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) signaling is critical for Treg cell generation, expansion, and maintenance. The expression of IL-2R on pTreg cells is tightly regulated to ensure proper induction and function of pTreg cells without a clear molecular mechanism. We here demonstrate that Cathepsin W (CTSW), a cysteine proteinase highly induced in pTreg cells under transforming growth factor-β stimulation is essential for the restraint of pTreg cell differentiation in an intrinsic manner. Loss of CTSW results in elevated pTreg cell generation, protecting the animals from intestinal inflammation. Mechanistically, CTSW inhibits IL-2R signaling in pTreg cells by cytosolic interaction with and process of CD25, repressing signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 activation to restrain pTreg cell generation and maintenance. Hence, our data indicate that CTSW acts as a gatekeeper to calibrate pTreg cell differentiation and function for mucosal immune quiescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zuojia Chen
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Girak Kim
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jialie Luo
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shohei Hori
- Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chuan Wu
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Goepp M, Crittenden S, Zhou Y, Rossi AG, Narumiya S, Yao C. Prostaglandin E 2 directly inhibits the conversion of inducible regulatory T cells through EP2 and EP4 receptors via antagonizing TGF-β signalling. Immunology 2021; 164:777-791. [PMID: 34529833 PMCID: PMC8561111 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are essential for control of inflammatory processes by suppressing effector T-cell functions. The actions of PGE2 on the development and function of Treg cells, particularly under inflammatory conditions, are debated. In this study, we employed pharmacological and genetic approaches to examine whether PGE2 had a direct action on T cells to modulate de novo differentiation of Treg cells. We found that TGF-β-induced Foxp3 expression and iTreg cell differentiation in vitro is markedly inhibited by PGE2 , which was mediated by the receptors EP2 and EP4. Mechanistically, PGE2 -EP2/EP4 signalling interrupts TGF-β signalling during iTreg differentiation. Moreover, EP4 deficiency in T cells impaired iTreg cell differentiation in vivo. Thus, our results demonstrate that PGE2 negatively regulates iTreg cell differentiation through a direct action on T cells, highlighting the potential for selectively targeting the PGE2 -EP2/EP4 pathway to control T cell-mediated inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Goepp
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute,The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Siobhan Crittenden
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute,The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - You Zhou
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute, and Division of Infection and ImmunityCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute,The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Alliance Laboratory for Advanced Medical Research and Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Medical Innovation CenterKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Chengcan Yao
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute,The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zuo S, Song J, Zhang J, He Z, Sun B, Sun J. Nano-immunotherapy for each stage of cancer cellular immunity: which, why, and what? Theranostics 2021; 11:7471-7487. [PMID: 34158861 PMCID: PMC8210608 DOI: 10.7150/thno.59953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy provides a new avenue for combating cancer. Current research in anticancer immunotherapy is primary based on T cell-mediated cellular immunity, which can be divided into seven steps and is named the cancer-immunity cycle. Unfortunately, clinical applications of cancer immunotherapies are restricted by inefficient drug delivery, low response rates, and unmanageable adverse reactions. In response to these challenges, the combination of nanotechnology and immunotherapy (nano-immunotherapy) has been extensively studied in recent years. Rational design of advanced nano-immunotherapies requires in-depth consideration of "which" immune step is targeted, "why" it needs to be further enhanced, and "what" nanotechnology can do for immunotherapy. However, the applications and effects of nanotechnology in the cancer-immunity cycle have not been well reviewed. Herein, we summarize the current developments in nano-immunotherapy for each stage of cancer cellular immunity, with special attention on the which, why and what. Furthermore, we summarize the advantages of nanotechnology for combination immunotherapy in two categories: enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity. Finally, we discuss the challenges of nano-immunotherapy in detail and provide a perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bingjun Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee JK, Koo SY, Nam HM, Lee JB, Ko J, Kim KM, Park EJ, Kim TJ, Lee H, Go H, Lee CW. Ssu72 is a T-cell receptor-responsive modifier that is indispensable for regulatory T cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1395-1411. [PMID: 33850312 PMCID: PMC8166877 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeostatic balance between effector T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) is crucial for adaptive immunity; however, epigenetic programs that inhibit phosphorylation to regulate Treg development, peripheral expression, and suppressive activity are elusive. Here, we found that the Ssu72 phosphatase is activated by various T-cell receptor signaling pathways, including the T-cell receptor and IL-2R pathways, and localizes at the cell membrane. Deletion of Ssu72 in T cells disrupts CD4+ T-cell differentiation into Tregs in the periphery via the production of high levels of the effector cytokines IL-2 and IFNγ, which induce CD4+ T-cell activation and differentiation into effector cell lineages. We also found a close correlation between downregulation of Ssu72 and severe defects in mucosal tolerance in patients. Interestingly, Ssu72 forms a complex with PLCγ1, which is an essential effector molecule for T-cell receptor signaling as well as Treg development and function. Ssu72 deficiency impairs PLCγ1 downstream signaling and results in failure of Foxp3 induction. Thus, our studies show that the Ssu72-mediated cytokine response coordinates the differentiation and function of Treg cells in the periphery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Kwan Lee
- Research Institute, Curogen Technology, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seo-Young Koo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Mi Nam
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- MOGAM Institute for Biomedical Research, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Jee-Boong Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Ko
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Mo Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Park
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Tae Jin Kim
- Department of Immunology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi, South Korea.
| | - Heounjeong Go
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Chang-Woo Lee
- Research Institute, Curogen Technology, Suwon, South Korea.
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu XM, Liu Y, Yu S, Jiang LM, Song B, Chen X. Potential immunomodulatory effects of stem cells from the apical papilla on Treg conversion in tissue regeneration for regenerative endodontic treatment. Int Endod J 2019; 52:1758-1767. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X. M. Liu
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry School of Stomatology China Medical University ShenyangChina
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease ShenyangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Xi'an China
| | - Y. Liu
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry School of Stomatology China Medical University ShenyangChina
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease ShenyangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Xi'an China
| | - S. Yu
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry School of Stomatology China Medical University ShenyangChina
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease ShenyangChina
| | - L. M. Jiang
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry School of Stomatology China Medical University ShenyangChina
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease ShenyangChina
| | - B. Song
- School of Dentistry Cardiff University Cardiff UK
| | - X. Chen
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry School of Stomatology China Medical University ShenyangChina
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease ShenyangChina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
da Silva JMC, Azevedo ADN, Barbosa RPDS, Teixeira MP, Vianna TAG, Fittipaldi J, Cabral VR, Paiva LSD. Ouabain Decreases Regulatory T Cell Number in Mice by Reducing IL-2 Secretion. Neuroimmunomodulation 2019; 26:188-197. [PMID: 31412342 DOI: 10.1159/000501720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ouabain (OUA) is a cardiotonic glycoside originally extracted from African plants. It has also been described as an endogenous component in mammals, being released in stress situations mainly by the adrenal gland. OUA has been reported to be capable of inhibiting mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and also affects B and T lymphocytes. OBJECTIVES The aim of this work is to show the effects of OUA in peripheral T lymphocytes. METHODS In the in vivo experiments, mice were injected intraperitoneally for 3 consecutive days with RPMI medium (control group) or 0.56 mg/kg of OUA diluted in RPMI medium (OUA group). On the fourth day, spleen or mesenteric lymph nodes were removed. RESULTS OUA significantly reduced the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes in the spleen, especially regulatory T cells (Tregs). In vitro OUA did not inhibit the proliferation of CD4+T lymphocytes stimulated with anti-CD3 neither was able to induce the apoptosis of CD4+ nor Tregs. There was no increase in the number or percentage of T lymphocytes in the mesenteric lymph nodes, suggesting that there was no preferential accumulation of these cells in this organ. Secretion of IL-2 by activated T lymphocytes was decreased by the OUA, explaining at least in part the reduction of Tregs, since this cytokine is involved in the peripheral conversion and maintenance of Tregs. CONCLUSION The impact of this reduction in autoimmune diseases, allergy and cancer as well as the potential use of OUA as a therapeutic approach in tumor treatment still needs more investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyle Moreira Carvalho da Silva
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Augusto das Neves Azevedo
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Pires Teixeira
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Fittipaldi
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Ribeiro Cabral
- Faculdade de Educação, Departamento de Fundamentos Pedagógicos, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Luciana Souza de Paiva
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil,
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vilchez V, Turcios L, Butterfield DA, Mitov MI, Coquillard CL, Brandon JA, Cornea V, Gedaly R, Marti F. Evidence of the immunomodulatory role of dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors in transplantation: an experimental study in mice. Transpl Int 2017; 30:1061-1074. [DOI: 10.1111/tri.12989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valery Vilchez
- Department of Surgery; College of Medicine; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY USA
| | - Lilia Turcios
- Department of Surgery; College of Medicine; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY USA
| | - David A. Butterfield
- Redox Metabolism (RM) Shared Resource Facility (SRF); Markey Cancer Center; College of Medicine; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY USA
- Department of Chemistry; College of Medicine; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY USA
| | - Mihail I. Mitov
- Redox Metabolism (RM) Shared Resource Facility (SRF); Markey Cancer Center; College of Medicine; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY USA
| | - Cristin L. Coquillard
- Department of Surgery; College of Medicine; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY USA
| | - Ja Anthony Brandon
- Department of Internal Medicine; College of Medicine; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY USA
| | - Virgilius Cornea
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; College of Medicine; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY USA
| | - Roberto Gedaly
- Department of Surgery; College of Medicine; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY USA
| | - Francesc Marti
- Department of Surgery; College of Medicine; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
de la Torre AN, Contractor S, Castaneda I, Cathcart CS, Razdan D, Klyde D, Kisza P, Gonzales SF, Salazar AM. A Phase I trial using local regional treatment, nonlethal irradiation, intratumoral and systemic polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid polylysine carboxymethylcellulose to treat liver cancer: in search of the abscopal effect. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2017; 4:111-121. [PMID: 28848723 PMCID: PMC5557908 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s136652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the safety of an approach to immunologically enhance local treatment of hepatocellular cancer (HCC) by combining nonlethal radiation, local regional therapy with intratumoral injection, and systemic administration of a potent Toll-like receptor (TLR) immune adjuvant. Methods Patients with HCC not eligible for liver transplant or surgery were subject to: 1) 3 fractions of 2-Gy focal nonlethal radiation to increase tumor antigen expression, 2) intra-/peri-tumoral (IT) injection of the TLR3 agonist, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid polylysine carboxymethylcellulose (poly-ICLC), to induce an immunologic “danger” response in the tumor microenvironment with local regional therapy, and 3) systemic boosting of immunity with intramuscular poly-ICLC. Primary end points were safety and tolerability; secondary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Results Eighteen patients with HCC not eligible for surgery or liver transplant were treated. Aside from 1 embolization-related severe adverse event, all events were ≤grade II. PFS was 66% at 6 months, 39% at 12 months, and 28% at 24 months. Overall 1-year survival was 69%, and 2-year survival 38%. In patients <60 years old, 2-year survival was 62.5% vs. 11.1% in patients aged >60 years (P<0.05). Several patients had prolonged PFS and OS. Conclusion Intra-tumoral injection of the TLR3 agonist poly-ICLC in patients with HCC is safe and tolerable when combined with local nonlethal radiation and local regional treatment. Further work is in progress to evaluate if this approach improves survival compared to local regional treatment alone and characterize changes in anticancer immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N de la Torre
- Department of Surgery, St Joseph's Regional Medical Center, Paterson.,Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School-University Hospital
| | - Sohail Contractor
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School-University Hospital
| | - Ismael Castaneda
- Department of Surgery, St Joseph's Regional Medical Center, Paterson
| | | | - Dolly Razdan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clara Maas Hospital, Belleville, NJ
| | - David Klyde
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School-University Hospital
| | - Piotr Kisza
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School-University Hospital
| | - Sharon F Gonzales
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School-University Hospital
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kogut MH, Swaggerty CL, Byrd JA, Selvaraj R, Arsenault RJ. Chicken-Specific Kinome Array Reveals that Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Modulates Host Immune Signaling Pathways in the Cecum to Establish a Persistence Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081207. [PMID: 27472318 PMCID: PMC5000605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica induces an early, short-lived pro-inflammatory response in chickens that is asymptomatic of clinical disease and results in a persistent colonization of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that transmits infections to naïve hosts via fecal shedding of bacteria. The underlying mechanisms that control this persistent colonization of the ceca of chickens by Salmonella are only beginning to be elucidated. We hypothesize that alteration of host signaling pathways mediate the induction of a tolerance response. Using chicken-specific kinomic immune peptide arrays and quantitative RT-PCR of infected cecal tissue, we have previously evaluated the development of disease tolerance in chickens infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) in a persistent infection model (4-14 days post infection). Here, we have further outlined the induction of an tolerance defense strategy in the cecum of chickens infected with S. Enteritidis beginning around four days post-primary infection. The response is characterized by alterations in the activation of T cell signaling mediated by the dephosphorylation of phospholipase c-γ1 (PLCG1) that inhibits NF-κB signaling and activates nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) signaling and blockage of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production through the disruption of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway (dephosphorylation of JAK2, JAK3, and STAT4). Further, we measured a significant down-regulation reduction in IFN-γ mRNA expression. These studies, combined with our previous findings, describe global phenotypic changes in the avian cecum of Salmonella Enteritidis-infected chickens that decreases the host responsiveness resulting in the establishment of persistent colonization. The identified tissue protein kinases also represent potential targets for future antimicrobial compounds for decreasing Salmonella loads in the intestines of food animals before going to market.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Kogut
- Southern Plains Agricultural Resarch Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
| | - Christina L Swaggerty
- Southern Plains Agricultural Resarch Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
| | - James Allen Byrd
- Southern Plains Agricultural Resarch Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
| | - Ramesh Selvaraj
- Ohio Agricultural Research Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
| | - Ryan J Arsenault
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hua F, Li Y, Zhao X, Zhang D, Zhan Y, Ji L, Gao S, Meng Y, Li F, Zou S, Cheng Y. The expression profile of toll-like receptor signaling molecules in CD19(+) B cells from patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia. Immunol Lett 2016; 176:28-35. [PMID: 27210424 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND B cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), and toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is essential for the activation of autoreactive B cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression profile of TLR signaling molecules in circulating and splenic CD19(+) B cells isolated from ITP patients. METHODS CD19(+) B cells were magnetically isolated from peripheral blood and splenocytes. Human Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathway RT(2) Profiler™ PCR Array was used to determine the differences in mRNA expression of 84 TLR signaling pathway genes between ITP patients and controls. Flow cytometry was used to investigate intracellular expression of cytokines (IL-1β and IL-10). RESULTS A total of 31 genes involving TLR signaling pathways were differentially transcribed in circulating CD19(+) B cells, among which 27 were up-regulated in ITP. By comparison, differentially transcribed genes amounted to 39 in splenic B cells in ITP, among which only two were down-regulated. Up to 18 TLR signaling molecules exhibited up-regulated transcriptional levels both in splenic B cells and in circulating B cells in ITP. However, Only IL-10 and IL-1β were significantly upregulated in both the circulating and splenic B cells of patients with ITP. Intracellular staining of IL-10 and IL-1β confirmed the results of PCR Array. CONCLUSIONS The expression of TLRs and downstream cytokines, including IL-10 and IL-1β, is up-regulated in circulating and splenic B cells in ITP patients, suggesting that activated TLR signaling pathways in B cells may play dual roles in the pathophysiology of primary ITP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanli Hua
- Department of Haematology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Haematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Haematology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Haematology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxia Zhan
- Department of Haematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Ji
- Department of Haematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Haematology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuesheng Meng
- Department of Haematology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Haematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanhua Zou
- Department of Haematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfeng Cheng
- Department of Haematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biomedical Research Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Haematology, Qingpu Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pan YX, Ye Q, Shao WX, Shang SQ, Mao JH, Zhang T, Shen HQ, Zhao N. Relationship between immune parameters and organ involvement in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115261. [PMID: 25514176 PMCID: PMC4267823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is the most common type of connective tissue diseases which increasingly occurs in children in recent years and its pathogenesis remains unclear. In order to explore the immune parameters and underlying pathogenesis mechanism of children with HSP, the study involved 1232 patients with HSP having different clinical symptoms and their laboratory indicators were evaluated. Th1/Th2 imbalance and overactivity of Th2 cells can cause increase in the synthesis and release of immunoglobulins in children with HSP. The number of red blood cells and white blood cells in urine was directly proportional to the level of IgA and inversely proportional to the level of serum complements (C3 and C4). Activation of these complements caused by immunoglobulin in patients with HSP plays an important role in renal injury. The urinary protein content in children with HSP along with proteinuria was positively correlated with IgE level, and IgE mediated type 1 hypersensitivity can cause increase in capillary permeability and weakened the charge barrier; hence, it could be considered as one of the causes of proteinuria in HSP. Additionally, the NK cells percentage was reduced and impaired immune function of NK cells were related to the immune injury of the digestive tract and kidney.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-xiang Pan
- Clinical Laboratory, The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Qing Ye
- Clinical Laboratory, The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou, PR China
- * E-mail:
| | - Wen-xia Shao
- Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shi-qiang Shang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian-hua Mao
- The Nephrology Department, The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hong-qiang Shen
- Clinical Laboratory, The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory, The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Combined with TCR stimuli, extracellular cytokine signals initiate the differentiation of naive CD4(+) T cells into specialized effector T-helper (Th) and regulatory T (Treg) cell subsets. The lineage specification and commitment process occurs through the combinatorial action of multiple transcription factors (TFs) and epigenetic mechanisms that drive lineage-specific gene expression programs. In this article, we review recent studies on the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of distinct Th cell lineages. Moreover, we review current study linking immune disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms with distal regulatory elements and their potential role in the disease etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhash K Tripathi
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and
Åbo Akademi UniversityTurku, Finland
- National Doctoral Programme in Informational and
Structural BiologyTurku, Finland
- Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine (TuDMM),
University of TurkuTurku, Finland
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and
Åbo Akademi UniversityTurku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Payne KK, Bear HD, Manjili MH. Adoptive cellular therapy of cancer: exploring innate and adaptive cellular crosstalk to improve anti-tumor efficacy. Future Oncol 2014; 10:1779-94. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The mammalian immune system has evolved to produce multi-tiered responses consisting of both innate and adaptive immune cells collaborating to elicit a functional response to a pathogen or neoplasm. Immune cells possess a shared ancestry, suggestive of a degree of coevolution that has resulted in optimal functionality as an orchestrated and highly collaborative unit. Therefore, the development of therapeutic modalities that harness the immune system should consider the crosstalk between cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems in order to elicit the most effective response. In this review, the authors will discuss the success achieved using adoptive cellular therapy in the treatment of cancer, recent trends that focus on purified T cells, T cells with genetically modified T-cell receptors and T cells modified to express chimeric antigen receptors, as well as the use of unfractionated immune cell reprogramming to achieve optimal cellular crosstalk upon infusion for adoptive cellular therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle K Payne
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Harry D Bear
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Masoud H Manjili
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The immune system provides defenses against invading pathogens while maintaining immune tolerance to self-antigens. This immune homeostasis is harmonized by the direct interactions between immune cells and the cytokine environment in which immune cells develop and function. Herein, we discuss three non-redundant paradigms by which cytokines maintain or break immune tolerance. We firstly describe how anti-inflammatory cytokines exert direct inhibitory effects on immune cells to enforce immune tolerance, followed by discussing other cytokines that maintain immune tolerance through inducing CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs), which negatively control immune cells. Interleukin (IL)-2 is the most potent cytokine in promoting the development and survival of Tregs, thereby mediating immune tolerance. IL-35 is mainly produced by Tregs, but its biology function remains to be defined. Finally, we discuss the actions of proinflammatory cytokines that breach immune tolerance and induce autoimmunity, which include IL-7, IL-12, IL-21, and IL-23. Recent genetic studies have revealed the role of these cytokines (or their cognate receptors) in susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Taken together, we highlight in this review the cytokine regulation of immune tolerance, which will help in further understanding of human diseases that are caused by dysregulated immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Department of Surgery, Center for Immunobiology and Transplantation Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas USA
| | - Aini Xie
- Department of Surgery, Center for Immunobiology and Transplantation Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas USA
| | - Wenhao Chen
- Department of Surgery, Center for Immunobiology and Transplantation Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Baum CE, Mierzejewska B, Schroder PM, Khattar M, Stepkowski S. Optimizing the use of regulatory T cells in allotransplantation: recent advances and future perspectives. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 9:1303-14. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2013.849573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
16
|
Khattar M, Miyahara Y, Schroder PM, Xie A, Chen W, Stepkowski SM. Interleukin-21 is a critical regulator of CD4 and CD8 T cell survival during priming under Interleukin-2 deprivation conditions. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85882. [PMID: 24416451 PMCID: PMC3887105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal T cell activation and expansion require binding of the common gamma-chain (γc) cytokine Interleukin-2 (IL-2) to its cognate receptor that in turn engages a γc/Janus tyrosine kinase (Jak)3 signaling pathway. Because of its restricted expression by antigen-activated T cells and its obligatory role in promoting their survival and proliferation, IL-2 has been considered as a selective therapeutic target for preventing T cell mediated diseases. However, in order to further explore IL-2 targeted therapy, it is critical to precisely understand its role during early events of T cell activation. In this study, we delineate the role of IL-2 and other γc cytokines in promoting the survival of CD4 and CD8 T cells during early phases of priming. Under IL-2 inhibitory conditions (by neutralizing anti-IL-2 mAbs), the survival of activated CD8+ T cells was reduced, whereas CD4+ T cells remained much more resistant. These results correlated with reduced Bcl-2 expression, and mitochondrial membrane potential in CD8+ T cells in comparison to CD4+ T cells. However, using transwell co-culture assays we have found that CD4+ T cells could rescue the survival of CD8+ T cells even under IL-2 deprived conditions via secretion of soluble factors. A cytokine screen performed on CD8+ T cells cultured alone revealed that IL-21, another γc cytokine, was capable of rescuing their survival under IL-2 deprivation. Indeed, blocking the IL-21 signaling pathway along with IL-2 neutralization resulted in significantly reduced survival of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Taken together, we have shown that under IL-2 deprivation conditions, IL-21 may act as the major survival factor promoting T cell immune responses. Thus, investigation of IL-2 targeted therapies may need to be revisited to consider blockade of the IL-21 signaling pathways as an adjunct to provide more effective control of T cell immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Khattar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yoshihiro Miyahara
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Schroder
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Aini Xie
- Transplant Immunology Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Wenhao Chen
- Transplant Immunology Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SS); (WC)
| | - Stanislaw M. Stepkowski
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SS); (WC)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Colvin SC, Maier B, Morris DL, Tersey SA, Mirmira RG. Deoxyhypusine synthase promotes differentiation and proliferation of T helper type 1 (Th1) cells in autoimmune diabetes. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:36226-35. [PMID: 24196968 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.473942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In type 1 diabetes, cytokines arising from immune cells cause islet β cell dysfunction even before overt hyperglycemia. Deoxyhypusine synthase catalyzes the crucial hypusine modification of the factor eIF5A, which promotes the translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cytokine responses. Here, we tested the hypothesis that deoxyhypusine synthase and, secondarily, hypusinated eIF5A contribute to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes using the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. Pre-diabetic NOD mice that received injections of the deoxyhypusine inhibitor N1-guanyl-1,7-diaminoheptane (GC7) demonstrated significantly improved glucose tolerance, more robust insulin secretion, and reduced insulitis compared with control animals. Analysis of tissues from treated mice revealed selective reductions in diabetogenic T helper type 1 (Th1) cells in the pancreatic lymph nodes, a primary site of antigen presentation. Isolated mouse CD90.2(+) splenocytes stimulated in vitro with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 and IL-2 to mimic autoimmune T cell activation exhibited proliferation and differentiation of CD4(+) T cell subsets (Th1, Th17, and Treg), but those treated with the deoxyhypusine synthase inhibitor GC7 showed a dose-dependent block in T cell proliferation with selective reduction in Th1 cells, similar to that observed in NOD mice. Inhibition of deoxyhypusine synthase blocked post-transcriptional expression of CD25, the high affinity IL-2 receptor α chain. Our results suggest a previously unrecognized role for deoxyhypusine synthase in promoting T cell proliferation and differentiation via regulation of CD25. Inhibition of deoxyhypusine synthase may provide a strategy for reducing diabetogenic Th1 cells and preserving β cell function in type 1 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Colvin
- From the Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research and
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|