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Fan Y, Meng Y, Hu X, Liu J, Qin X. Uncovering novel mechanisms of chitinase-3-like protein 1 in driving inflammation-associated cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:268. [PMID: 39068486 PMCID: PMC11282867 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03425-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a secreted glycoprotein that is induced and regulated by multiple factors during inflammation in enteritis, pneumonia, asthma, arthritis, and other diseases. It is associated with the deterioration of the inflammatory environment in tissues with chronic inflammation caused by microbial infection or autoimmune diseases. The expression of CHI3L1 expression is upregulated in several malignant tumors, underscoring the crucial role of chronic inflammation in the initiation and progression of cancer. While the precise mechanism connecting inflammation and cancer is unclear, the involvement of CHI3L1 is involved in chronic inflammation, suggesting its role as a contributing factor to in the link between inflammation and cancer. CHI3L1 can aggravate DNA oxidative damage, induce the cancerous phenotype, promote the development of a tumor inflammatory environment and angiogenesis, inhibit immune cells, and promote cancer cell growth, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, it participates in the initiation of cancer progression and metastasis by binding with transmembrane receptors to mediate intracellular signal transduction. Based on the current research on CHI3L1, we explore introduce the receptors that interact with CHI3L1 along with the signaling pathways that may be triggered during chronic inflammation to enhance tumorigenesis and progression. In the last section of the article, we provide a brief overview of anti-inflammatory therapies that target CHI3L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xingwei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China.
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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Ham HJ, Lee YS, Koo JK, Yun J, Son DJ, Han SB, Hong JT. Inhibition of Amyloid-β (Aβ)-Induced Cognitive Impairment and Neuroinflammation in CHI3L1 Knockout Mice through Downregulation of ERK-PTX3 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5550. [PMID: 38791588 PMCID: PMC11122210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Several clinical studies reported that the elevated expression of Chitinase-3-like 1 (CHI3L1) was observed in patients suffering from a wide range of diseases: cancer, metabolic, and neurological diseases. However, the role of CHI3L1 in AD is still unclear. Our previous study demonstrated that 2-({3-[2-(1-Cyclohexen-1-yl)ethyl]-6,7-dimethoxy-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2-quinazolinyl}culfanyl)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)butanamide, a CHI3L1 inhibiting compound, alleviates memory and cognitive impairment and inhibits neuroinflammation in AD mouse models. In this study, we studied the detailed correlation of CHI3L1 and AD using serum from AD patients and using CHI3L1 knockout (KO) mice with Aβ infusion (300 pmol/day, 14 days). Serum levels of CHI3L1 were significantly elevated in patients with AD compared to normal subjects, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis data based on serum analysis suggested that CHI3L1 could be a significant diagnostic reference for AD. To reveal the role of CHI3L1 in AD, we investigated the CHI3L1 deficiency effect on memory impairment in Aβ-infused mice and microglial BV-2 cells. In CHI3L1 KO mice, Aβ infusion resulted in lower levels of memory dysfunction and neuroinflammation compared to that of WT mice. CHI3L1 deficiency selectively inhibited phosphorylation of ERK and IκB as well as inhibition of neuroinflammation-related factors in vivo and in vitro. On the other hand, treatment with recombinant CHI3L1 increased neuroinflammation-related factors and promoted phosphorylation of IκB except for ERK in vitro. Web-based gene network analysis and our results showed that CHI3L1 is closely correlated with PTX3. Moreover, in AD patients, we found that serum levels of PTX3 were correlated with serum levels of CHI3L1 by Spearman correlation analysis. These results suggest that CHI3L1 deficiency could inhibit AD development by blocking the ERK-dependent PTX3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
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Su P, Jiang C, Zhang Y. The implication of infection with respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric recurrent wheezing and asthma: knowledge expanded post-COVID-19 era. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 43:403-416. [PMID: 38153660 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has been identified to serve as the primary cause of acute lower respiratory infectious diseases in children under the age of one and a significant risk factor for the emergence and development of pediatric recurrent wheezing and asthma, though the exact mechanism is still unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we discuss the key routes that lead to recurrent wheezing and bronchial asthma following RSV infection. It is interesting to note that following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, the prevalence of RSV changes significantly. This presents us with a rare opportunity to better understand the associated mechanism for RSV infection, its effects on the respiratory system, and the immunological response to RSV following the COVID-19 epidemic. To better understand the associated mechanisms in the occurrence and progression of pediatric asthma, we thoroughly described how the RSV infection directly destroys the physical barrier of airway epithelial tissue, promotes inflammatory responses, enhances airway hyper-responsiveness, and ultimately causes the airway remodeling. More critically, extensive discussion was also conducted regarding the potential impact of RSV infection on host pulmonary immune response. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study offers a comprehensive perspective to better understand how the RSV infection interacts in the control of the host's pulmonary immune system, causing recurrent wheezing and the development of asthma, and it sheds fresh light on potential avenues for pharmaceutical therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Su
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, National Regional Children's Medical Centre (Northwest), Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China
| | - Congshan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, National Regional Children's Medical Centre (Northwest), Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, National Regional Children's Medical Centre (Northwest), Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China.
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Song M, Zhang G, Shi H, Zhu E, Deng L, Shen H. Serum YKL-40 in coronary heart disease: linkage with inflammatory cytokines, artery stenosis, and optimal cut-off value for estimating major adverse cardiovascular events. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1242339. [PMID: 38028459 PMCID: PMC10644235 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1242339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective YKL-40, previously known as chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), is an inflammation-related glycoprotein that promotes atherosclerosis, but its application and optimal cut-off value as a prognostic biomarker in coronary heart disease (CHD) require more clinical evidence. Thus, this prospective study aimed to evaluate the linkage of serum YKL-40 with disease features, inflammatory cytokines, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in CHD patients. Methods A total of 410 CHD patients were enrolled for serum YKL-40 determination via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Meanwhile, serum YKL-40 levels in 100 healthy controls (HCs) were also quantified. Results YKL-40 level was higher in CHD patients compared with that in HCs (P < 0.001). YKL-40 was positively linked with hyperlipidemia (P = 0.014), diabetes mellitus (P = 0.001), fasting blood glucose (P = 0.045), C-reactive protein (P < 0.001), the Gensini score (P < 0.001), and stenosis degree (graded by the Gensini score) (P < 0.001) in CHD patients. In addition, an elevated YKL-40 level was associated with increased levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (P = 0.001), interleukin (IL)-1β (P = 0.001), IL-6 (P < 0.001), and IL-17A (P = 0.002) in CHD patients. The 1-/2-/3-year cumulative MACE rates of CHD patients were 5.5%, 14.4%, and 25.0%, respectively. Regarding the prognostic capability, YKL-40 ≥100 ng/ml (the median cut-off value) (P = 0.003) and YKL-40 ≥150 ng/ml (the third interquartile cut-off value) (P = 0.021) reflected an elevated accumulating MACE rate, whereas accumulating MACE was not different between CHD patients with YKL-40 ≥80 and <80 ng/ml (the first interquartile cut-off value) (P = 0.083). Conclusion Serum YKL-40 is positively linked with inflammatory cytokines and the Gensini score, whose high expression cut-off by 100 and 150 ng/ml estimates a higher MACE risk in CHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mowei Song
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guofu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Erjun Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Extracorporeal Life Support, The People’s Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, China
| | - Hongtao Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Jiang W, Zhu F, Xu H, Xu L, Li H, Yang X, Khan Afridi S, Lai S, Qiu X, Liu C, Li H, Long Y, Wang Y, Connolly K, Elias JA, Lee CG, Cui Y, Huang YWA, Qiu W, Tang C. CHI3L1 signaling impairs hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function in autoimmune-mediated neuroinflammation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg8148. [PMID: 37756391 PMCID: PMC10530095 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg8148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is primarily secreted by activated astrocytes in the brain and is known as a reliable biomarker for inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) conditions such as neurodegeneration and autoimmune disorders like neuromyelitis optica (NMO). NMO is an astrocyte disease caused by autoantibodies targeting the astroglial protein aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and leads to vision loss, motor deficits, and cognitive decline. In this study examining CHI3L1's biological function in neuroinflammation, we found that CHI3L1 expression correlates with cognitive impairment in our NMO patient cohort. Activated astrocytes secrete CHI3L1 in response to AQP4 autoantibodies, and this inhibits the proliferation and neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells. Mouse models showed decreased hippocampal neurogenesis and impaired learning behaviors, which could be rescued by depleting CHI3L1 in astrocytes. The molecular mechanism involves CHI3L1 engaging the CRTH2 receptor and dampening β-catenin signaling for neurogenesis. Blocking this CHI3L1/CRTH2/β-catenin cascade restores neurogenesis and improves cognitive deficits, suggesting the potential for therapeutic development in neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Fan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Huiming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Shabbir Khan Afridi
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Shuiqing Lai
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, China
| | - Xiusheng Qiu
- Vaccine Research Institute, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Chunxin Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Huilu Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510260, China
| | - Youming Long
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510260, China
| | - Yuge Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Kevin Connolly
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Jack A. Elias
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Yaxiong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu-Wen Alvin Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Changyong Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
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Vianello A, Guarnieri G, Achille A, Lionello F, Lococo S, Zaninotto M, Caminati M, Senna G. Serum biomarkers of remodeling in severe asthma with fixed airway obstruction and the potential role of KL-6. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:1679-1687. [PMID: 36989607 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Over 3% of asthmatic patients are affected by a particularly severe form of the disease ("severe asthma", SA) which is often refractory to standard treatment. Airway remodeling (AR), which can be considered a critical characteristic of approximately half of all patients with SA and currently thought to be the main mechanism triggering fixed airway obstruction (FAO), seems to be a key factor affecting a patient's outcome. Despite the collective efforts of internationally renowned experts, to date only a few biomarkers indicative of AR and no recognizable biomarkers of lung parenchymal remodeling have been identified. This work examines the pathogenesis of airway and lung parenchymal remodeling and the serum biomarkers that may be able to identify the severe asthmatic patients who may develop FAO. The study also aims to examine if Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) could be considered a diagnostic biomarker of lung structural damage in SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vianello
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gabriella Guarnieri
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessia Achille
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Lionello
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Lococo
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Zaninotto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Caminati
- Asthma Center and Allergy Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gianenrico Senna
- Asthma Center and Allergy Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Abohalaka R. Bronchial epithelial and airway smooth muscle cell interactions in health and disease. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19976. [PMID: 37809717 PMCID: PMC10559680 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary diseases such as asthma, COPD, and Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are significant causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Currently, there is no radical treatment for many chronic pulmonary diseases, and the treatment options focus on relieving the symptoms and improving lung function. Therefore, efficient therapeutic agents are highly needed. Bronchial epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells and their crosstalk play a significant role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Thus, targeting the interactions of these two cell types could open the door to a new generation of effective therapeutic options. However, the studies on how these two cell types interact and how their crosstalk adds up to respiratory diseases are not well established. With the rise of modern research tools and technology, such as lab-on-a-chip, organoids, co-culture techniques, and advanced immunofluorescence imaging, a substantial degree of evidence about these cell interactions emerged. Hence, this contribution aims to summarize the growing evidence of bronchial epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells crosstalk under normal and pathophysiological conditions. The review first discusses the impact of airway smooth muscle cells on the epithelium in inflammatory settings. Later, it examines the role of airway smooth muscle cells in the early development of bronchial epithelial cells and their recovery after injury. Then, it deliberates the effects of both healthy and stressed epithelial cells on airway smooth muscle cells, taking into account three themes; contraction, migration, and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshed Abohalaka
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Declercq J, Hammad H, Lambrecht BN, Smole U. Chitinases and chitinase-like proteins in asthma. Semin Immunol 2023; 67:101759. [PMID: 37031560 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the lack of endogenous chitin synthesis, mammalian genomes encode two enzymatically active true chitinases (chitotriosidase and acidic mammalian chitinase) and a variable number of chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) that have no enzyme activity but bind chitin. Chitinases and CLPs are prominent components of type-2 immune response-mediated respiratory diseases. However, despite extensive research into their role in allergic airway disease, there is still no agreement on whether they are mere biomarkers of disease or actual disease drivers. Functions ascribed to chitinases and CLPs include, but are not limited to host defense against chitin-containing pathogens, directly promoting inflammation, and modulating tissue remodeling and fibrosis. Here, we discuss in detail the chitin-dependent and -independent roles of chitinases and CLPs in the context of allergic airway disease, and recent advances and emerging concepts in the field that might identify opportunities for new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozefien Declercq
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hamida Hammad
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ursula Smole
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Nechita VI, Hajjar NA, Drugan C, Cătană CS, Moiş E, Nechita MA, Graur F. Chitotriosidase and Neopterin as Two Novel Potential Biomarkers for Advanced Stage and Survival Prediction in Gastric Cancer—A Pilot Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13071362. [PMID: 37046579 PMCID: PMC10093230 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13071362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth type of neoplasia most frequently diagnosed and the fourth cause of death among other cancers. Prevalence is around two times higher for males than females. Chitotriosidase and neopterin are two molecular biomarkers with potential diagnostic and prognostic use in malignant pathology. We conducted a longitudinal prospective cohort study on thirty-nine patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.78 and an average age of 64.3 ± 9.97 years. No statistically significant differences in biomarker levels at presentation were observed between curative-intent surgery (28 patients) and advanced cases, suited only for palliative procedures (11 patients). Biomarker values were not significantly different for the advanced T stage and the presence of metastasis (p > 0.05—Mann Whitney test). The patients that died in the first 30 days after surgery did not present significantly different values at baseline, in comparison with those that had longer survival times, though a significant cut-off value was observed for chitotriosidase activity at 310 nmol/mL/h [AUC (area under the curve) = 0.78; 95% CI (0.61–0.92)]. The cut-off values corresponding to death after the first year, tumor invasion, and metastasis were not statistically significant. In the COX multivariate model, neopterin did not validate itself as a prognostic biomarker, however, chitotriosidase activity before surgery was significantly associated with overall survival (HR = 1.0038, p = 0.03). We conclude that chitotriosidase may have the potential to improve the prognostic model for gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad-Ionuţ Nechita
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Str., No. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- “Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 010336 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nadim Al Hajjar
- “Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 010336 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Surgery, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor Str., No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Drugan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Str., No. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina-Sorina Cătană
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Str., No. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Emil Moiş
- “Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 010336 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Surgery, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor Str., No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela-Ancuţa Nechita
- “Ion Chiricuță” Oncology Institute, Republicii Str., No. 34–36, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Florin Graur
- “Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 010336 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Surgery, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor Str., No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Xiao J, He J, He Z, Wang C, Li Y, Yan X, Chen Y, Sun Z, Liu J, Liang M, Wu Y. Chlamydia psittaci hypothetical inclusion membrane protein CPSIT_0842 evokes a pro-inflammatory response in monocytes via TLR2/TLR4 signaling pathways. Vet Microbiol 2023; 280:109693. [PMID: 36889151 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) is an obligate intracellular pathogen that resides within a membrane-bound compartment known as the inclusion. Upon entering the host cell, Chlamydiae secrete numerous proteins to modify the inclusion membrane. Inclusion membrane (Inc) proteins are important pathogenic factors in Chlamydia and play crucial roles in the growth and development of Chlamydia. In the present study, the C. psittaci protein, CPSIT_0842, was identified and shown to localize to the inclusion membrane. Temporal analysis revealed that CPSIT_0842 is an early expression protein of Chlamydia. Moreover, this protein was shown to induce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 in human monocytes (THP-1 cells) via the TLR2/TLR4 signaling pathway. CPSIT_0842 increases the expression of TLR2, TLR4, and adaptor MyD88. Suppression of TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 markedly attenuated CPSIT_0842-induced production of IL-6 and IL-8. MAP kinases and NF-κB, important downstream molecules of TLR receptors in inflammatory signaling pathways, were also confirmed to be activated by CPSIT_0842. CPSIT_0842-induced production of IL-6 was reliant on activation of the ERK, p38, and NF-κB signaling pathways while IL-8 expression was regulated by the ERK, JNK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Specific inhibitors of these signaling pathways significantly decreased CPSIT_0842-mediated expression of IL-6 and IL-8. Together these findings demonstrate that CPSIT_0842 upregulates the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 via TLR-2/TLR4-mediated MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in THP-1 cells. Exploring these molecular mechanisms enhances our understanding of C. psittaci pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xiao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of laboratory medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jun He
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of laboratory medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Zhangping He
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of laboratory medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiaoliang Yan
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Zhenjie Sun
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jian Liu
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of laboratory medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Mingxing Liang
- The Affiliated Huaihua Hospital, Department of laboratory medicine, Huaihua, Hunan, 418000, China
| | - Yimou Wu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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11
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Wang Y, Chen Y, Lin W, Huang M, Xu Y, Chen G. Inflammatory markers in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1134678. [PMID: 37114011 PMCID: PMC10127118 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1134678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate serum inflammatory markers of YKL-40, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8(IL-8), Interleukin-10(IL-10), TNF-α(tumor necrosis factor-α), and CRP (C-reactive protein) in children with and without OSAS. Methods The ELISA technique has been used to identify the concentration of inflammatory markers such as YKL-40, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and CRP in the serum of 83 children with OSAS and 83 children without OSAS. Results Serum levels of YKL-40, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were found to be increased in children with OSAS. YKL-40 was found to be positively correlated with IL-6 and IL-8, and negatively correlated with IL-10. At the same time,YKL-40 was also found to be positively correlated with OAHI and LoSpO2% in OSAS group. IL-8 was positively correlated with OAHI whereas IL-10 was positively correlated with LoSpO2. Conclusion Children with OSAS are in a systemic inflammatory state. YKL-40 together with IL-8 may act as serum inflammatory markers and provide an indication for the diagnosis of children with OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingge Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Sleep Medicine Center, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Correspondence: Yingge Wang Yuanteng Xu Guohao Chen
| | - Ying Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiaman, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Sleep Medicine Center, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Sleep Medicine Center, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuanteng Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Sleep Medicine Center, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Correspondence: Yingge Wang Yuanteng Xu Guohao Chen
| | - Guohao Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Sleep Medicine Center, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Correspondence: Yingge Wang Yuanteng Xu Guohao Chen
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12
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Khalili D, Kunc M, Herbrich S, Müller AM, Theopold U. Chitinase-like proteins promoting tumorigenesis through disruption of cell polarity via enlarged endosomal vesicles. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1170122. [PMID: 37188187 PMCID: PMC10175591 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1170122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) are associated with tissue-remodeling and inflammation but also with several disorders, including fibrosis, atherosclerosis, allergies, and cancer. However, CLP's role in tumors is far from clear. Methods Here, we utilize Drosophila melanogaster and molecular genetics to investigate the function of CLPs (imaginal disc growth factors; Idgf's) in RasV12 dysplastic salivary glands. Results and discussion We find one of the Idgf's members, Idgf3, is transcriptionally induced in a JNK-dependent manner via a positive feedback loop mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, Idgf3 accumulates in enlarged endosomal vesicles (EnVs) that promote tumor progression by disrupting cytoskeletal organization. The process is mediated via the downstream component, aSpectrin, which localizes to the EnVs. Our data provide new insight into CLP function in tumors and identifies specific targets for tumor control.
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13
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Connolly K, Lehoux M, O’Rourke R, Assetta B, Erdemir GA, Elias JA, Lee CG, Huang YWA. Potential role of chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1/YKL-40) in neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:9-24. [PMID: 35234337 PMCID: PMC9437141 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1/YKL-40) has long been known as a biomarker for early detection of neuroinflammation and disease diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the brain, CHI3L1 is primarily provided by astrocytes and heralds the reactive, neurotoxic state triggered by inflammation and other stress signals. However, how CHI3L1 acts in neuroinflammation or how it contributes to AD and relevant neurodegenerative conditions remains unknown. In peripheral tissues, our group and others have uncovered that CHI3L1 is a master regulator for a wide range of injury and repair events, including the innate immunity pathway that resembles the neuroinflammation process governed by microglia and astrocytes. Based on assessment of current knowledge regarding CHI3L1 biology, we hypothesize that CHI3L1 functions as a signaling molecule mediating distinct neuroinflammatory responses in brain cells and misfunctions to precipitate neurodegeneration. We also recommend future research directions to validate such assertions for better understanding of disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Connolly
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University,Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University
| | - Mikael Lehoux
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University
| | - Ryan O’Rourke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University,Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Brown University
| | - Benedetta Assetta
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University
| | - Guzide Ayse Erdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University
| | - Jack A Elias
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University
| | - Yu-Wen Alvin Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University,Department of Neurology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University,Center for Translational Neuroscience, Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, Brown University
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14
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Bai YM, Liang S, Zhou B. Revealing immune infiltrate characteristics and potential immune-related genes in hepatic fibrosis: based on bioinformatics, transcriptomics and q-PCR experiments. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1133543. [PMID: 37122694 PMCID: PMC10140356 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1133543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The occurrence and progression of hepatic fibrosis (HF) is accompanied by inflammatory damage. Immune genes play a pivotal role in fibrogenesis and inflammatory damage in HF by regulating immune cell infiltration. However, the immune mechanisms of HF are inadequately studied. Therefore, this research aims to identify the immune genes and biological pathway which involved in fibrosis formation and inflammatory damage in HF and explore immune target-based therapeutics for HF. Methods The expression dataset GSE84044 of HF was downloaded from the GEO database. The crucial module genes for HF were screened according to weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The crucial module genes were mapped to immune-related genes obtained from the ImmPort database to obtain the hepatic fibrosis immune genes (HFIGs). In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analyses were performed on HFIGs. Then, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was conducted on HFIGs and hub genes were identified from the PPI network. Moreover, immune infiltration analysis was performed to identified correlation between hub gene and immune cell infiltration. To verify the reliability of the GSE84044 expression profile data analysis, a rat model of CCl4-induced HF was established, followed by transcriptome sequencing and immunofluorescence analysis and quantitative reverse transcription (q-PCR) experiments were performed in HF rats and normal rat liver tissues. Finally, CMAP platform was used to explore immune target-based therapeutics for HF. Results In the bioinformatics analysis of GSE84044 data, 98 HFIGs were screened. These genes were mainly involved in inflammation-related biological pathways such as NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. From the PPI network, 10 hub genes were identified, including CXCL8, IL18, CXCL10, CD8A, IL7, PTPRC, CCL5, IL7R, CXCL9 and CCL2. Immune infiltration analysis showed that immune cells like neutrophils, natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages M1 and macrophages M2 were significantly correlated with the hepatic fibrosis process and hub gene expression was significantly correlated with these immune cells. Notably, most of the biological pathways HFIGs riched and all the hub gene expression except CXCL8 were validated in subsequent transcriptome and qRCR experiments. Finally, 15 small molecule compounds with the potential to reverse the high expression of hub genes were screen out as potential therapeutic agents for HF. Conclusion The immune genes CXCL8, IL18, CXCL10, CD8A, IL7, PTPRC, CCL5, IL7R, CXCL9 and CCL2 may play an essential role in the fibrosis formation and inflammatory damage in HF. The outcomes of this research provide a basis for the study of the immune mechanisms of HF and contribute to the diagnosis and prevention and treatment of HF in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ming Bai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Yinchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Regional Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Zhou,
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15
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Qi YH, Yang LZ, Zhou L, Gao LJ, Hou JY, Yan Z, Bi XG, Yan CP, Wang DP, Cao JM. Sympathetic nerve infiltration promotes stomach adenocarcinoma progression via norepinephrine/β2-adrenoceptor/YKL-40 signaling pathway. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12468. [PMID: 36593854 PMCID: PMC9803717 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to address the status, role, and mechanism of sympathetic nerve infiltration in the progression of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Methods Sympathetic nerve and its neurotransmitter NE, β-ARs, and associated signaling molecules in the STAD tissues and the adjacent tissues from 46 STAD patients were examined using immunostaining, HPLC, and western blotting. The effects and mechanisms of β2-AR activation on the proliferation, migration and invasion of AGS and SGC-7901 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines were examined using CCK-8, transwell, and western blotting assays. Correlations between genes and STAD survival were analyzed using bioinformatics. Results Striking sympathetic nerve infiltration, elevations of NGF, TrkA, GAP43, TH, S100, NE, β2-AR, YKL-40, syndecan-1, MMP9, CD206, and CD31 were observed in the STAD tissues compared to the adjacent tissues. Activation of β2-AR in the two GC cell lines significantly amplified the expressions of NGF, YKL-40, MMP9, syndecan-1, p-STAT3 and p-ERK, and increased GC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Bioinformatic analyses revealed positive correlations of NGF, β2-AR, syndecan-1, and macrophage infiltration, respectively, with low survival of STAD, of β2-AR respectively with STAT3, ERK1/2 (MAPK1/3), YKL-40, MMP9, and syndecan-1, and of YKL-40 with MMP9. Conclusion Sympathetic nerves significantly infiltrated into human STAD tissues as a result of high NGF and TrkA expressions; elevated NE led to overactivation of β2-AR-STAT3/ERK-YKL-40 signaling pathway, and finally caused cancer cell growth and invasion, M2 macrophage infiltration, angiogenesis, matrix degradation and STAD metastasis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Hong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, And the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,Department of Anesthesiology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lu-Zi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, And the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, And the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li-Juan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, And the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jia-Yi Hou
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, And the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, And the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Bi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Cai-Ping Yan
- Center of Translational Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - De-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, And the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Ji-Min Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, And the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,Corresponding author.
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16
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Przysucha N, Górska K, Maskey-Warzęchowska M, Proboszcz M, Nejman-Gryz P, Paplińska-Goryca M, Dymek B, Zagozdzon A, Krenke R. The Role of Chitinases in Chronic Airway Inflammation Associated with Tobacco Smoke Exposure. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233765. [PMID: 36497025 PMCID: PMC9736934 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitinases and chitinase-like proteins are thought to play a role in innate inflammatory responses. Our study aimed to assess whether chitinase concentration and activity in induced sputum (IS) of patients exposed to tobacco smoke are related to the level of airway inflammation including the level and activity of chitinases and chitinase-like proteins. The study included 22 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 12 non-COPD smokers, and nine nonsmoking subjects. Sputum CHIT1 and YKL-40 levels and chitinolytic activity were compared with sputum IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, and MMP-9 levels. A hierarchical cluster analysis was also performed. Sputum YKL-40 was higher in COPD patients than in the control groups. Sputum CHIT1 and YKL-40 levels correlated with IS inflammatory cell count as well as with MMP-9 and IL-8 levels. Two main clusters were revealed: Cluster 1 had lower chitinase levels and activity, lower IS macrophage and neutrophil count, and lower IS IL-8, IL-18, and MMP-9 than Cluster 2. Comparison of COPD patients from both clusters revealed significant differences in the IS inflammatory profile despite comparable clinical and functional data. Our findings seem to confirm the involvement of chitinases in smoking-associated chronic airway inflammation and show that airway chitinases may be a potential novel marker in COPD phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Przysucha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Górska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-599-2753
| | - Marta Maskey-Warzęchowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Proboszcz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Nejman-Gryz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Paplińska-Goryca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Dymek
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Molecure SA, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Rafał Krenke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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17
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De Robertis M, Greco MR, Cardone RA, Mazza T, Marzano F, Mehterov N, Kazakova M, Belev N, Tullo A, Pesole G, Sarafian V, Signori E. Upregulation of YKL-40 Promotes Metastatic Phenotype and Correlates with Poor Prognosis and Therapy Response in Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223568. [PMID: 36428997 PMCID: PMC9688424 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
YKL-40 is a heparin- and chitin-binding glycoprotein that belongs to the family of glycosyl hydrolases but lacks enzymatic properties. It affects different (patho)physiological processes, including cancer. In different tumors, YKL-40 gene overexpression has been linked to higher cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and vasculogenic mimicry, migration, and invasion. Because, in colorectal cancer (CRC), the serological YKL-40 level may serve as a risk predictor and prognostic biomarker, we investigated the underlying mechanisms by which it may contribute to tumor progression and the clinical significance of its tissue expression in metastatic CRC. We demonstrated that high-YKL-40-expressing HCT116 and Caco2 cells showed increased motility, invasion, and proliferation. YKL-40 upregulation was associated with EMT signaling activation. In the AOM/DSS mouse model, as well as in tumors and sera from CRC patients, elevated YKL-40 levels correlated with high-grade tumors. In retrospective analyses of six independent cohorts of CRC patients, elevated YKL-40 expression correlated with shorter survival in patients with advanced CRC. Strikingly, high YKL-40 tissue levels showed a predictive value for a better response to cetuximab, even in patients with stage IV CRC and mutant KRAS, and worse sensitivity to oxaliplatin. Taken together, our findings establish that tissue YKL-40 overexpression enhances CRC metastatic potential, highlighting this gene as a novel prognostic candidate, a predictive biomarker for therapy response, and an attractive target for future therapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela De Robertis
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari ‘A. Moro’, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.D.R.); (E.S.); Tel.: +39-06-4993-4232 (E.S.)
| | - Maria Raffaella Greco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari ‘A. Moro’, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Angela Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari ‘A. Moro’, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Unit of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Flaviana Marzano
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Kazakova
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolay Belev
- University Hospital Eurohospital, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Propedeutics of Surgical Diseases, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Apollonia Tullo
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Graziano Pesole
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari ‘A. Moro’, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Emanuela Signori
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.D.R.); (E.S.); Tel.: +39-06-4993-4232 (E.S.)
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Laurikka A, Vuolteenaho K, Toikkanen V, Rinne T, Leppänen T, Hämäläinen M, Tarkka M, Laurikka J, Moilanen E. Inflammatory Glycoprotein YKL-40 Is Elevated after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery and Correlates with Leukocyte Chemotaxis and Myocardial Injury, a Pilot Study. Cells 2022; 11:3378. [PMID: 36359773 PMCID: PMC9653903 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the levels of YKL-40 during and after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) and to establish possible connections between YKL-40 and markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and myocardial injury. Patients undergoing elective CABG utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were recruited into the study. Blood samples were collected at the onset of anesthesia, during surgery and post-operatively. Levels of YKL-40, 8-isoprostane, interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and troponin T (TnT) were measured by immunoassay. YKL-40 levels increased significantly 24 h after CPB. Positive correlation was seen between post-operative TnT and YKL-40 levels (r = 0.457, p = 0.016) and, interestingly, baseline YKL-40 predicted post-operative TnT increase (r = 0.374, p = 0.050). There was also a clear association between YKL-40 and the chemotactic factors MCP-1 (r = 0.440, p = 0.028) and IL-8 (r = 0.484, p = 0.011) linking YKL-40 to cardiac inflammation and fibrosis following CABG. The present results show, for the first time, that YKL-40 is associated with myocardial injury and leukocyte-activating factors following coronary artery bypass surgery. YKL-40 may be a factor and/or biomarker of myocardial inflammation and injury and subsequent fibrosis following heart surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Laurikka
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Katriina Vuolteenaho
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Vesa Toikkanen
- Tampere University Hospital Heart Center Co., P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Timo Rinne
- Tampere University Hospital Heart Center Co., P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Anaesthesia, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tiina Leppänen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Tarkka
- Tampere University Hospital Heart Center Co., P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Laurikka
- Tampere University Hospital Heart Center Co., P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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19
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Can Micro RNA-24 Affect the Cardiovascular Morbidity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Targeting YKL-40? Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 11:511-523. [PMID: 36718306 PMCID: PMC9883035 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.11.3.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with inflammatory nature. One of the leading causes of death in SLE patients is cardiovascular (CVS) morbidity. MiRNA-24 is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells (VECs). This dysregulated expression pattern is associated with dysfunction or even damage of VECs and leads to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. YKL- 40 is an inflammatory glycoprotein involved in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and thereby atherosclerosis. In this work, we aimed at illustrating the possible role of miR-24 and its target YKL-40 in the pathogenesis of the CVS morbidity associated with SLE. Methods This work was conducted on 40 SLE patients and 40 healthy controls. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was done to estimate the expression level of miRNA-24 in serum. In addition, we measured the serum level of YKL-40 using ELISA. Results miR-24-fold change was found to be down-regulated, whereas serum YKL- 40 was up-regulated among SLE patients with observed significant and negative correlation between the two parameters. Conclusion Our study provided an insight about the role of miR-24 and its target serum YKL-40 protein in the development of SLE-related inflammation and atherosclerosis.
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20
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Chang MC, Chiang PF, Kuo YJ, Peng CL, Chen IC, Huang CY, Chen CA, Chiang YC. Develop companion radiopharmaceutical YKL40 antibodies as potential theranostic agents for epithelial ovarian cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113668. [PMID: 36088858 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and has poor prognosis. Theranostic agents are the current trend in drug development, but are lacking in EOC. YKL40 is predominantly expressed and involved in tumorigenesis in EOC. In this study, we developed a companion theranostic agent targeting YKL40. We measured YKL40 expression levels in ascites using ELISA and correlated them with the clinical outcomes of patients with EOC. We developed radionuclide labeled In-111/Lu-177-DTPA-YKL40 neutralizing antibodies and investigated their radiochemical purity, SPECT/CT imaging, bio-distribution, and therapeutic responses in ovarian cancer xenograft mice. We demonstrated that YKL40 expression levels in ascites were significantly higher in EOC patients with serous histological type, high tumor grade, advanced stage, tumor recurrence, chemoresistance, and tumor-related death. The radiochemical purity of In-111/Lu-177-DTPA-YKL40 neutralizing antibodies reached more than 90% after 24 h of labeling. SPECT/CT imaging showed significant accumulation of In-111-DTPA-YKL40 and Lu-177-DTPA-YKL40 antibodies at the tumor site of ovarian cancer xenograft mice 24 h after administration. Lu-177-DTPA-YKL40 antibodies significantly inhibited tumor growth in ovarian cancer xenograft mice. Our study indicated that In-111/Lu-177-DTPA-YKL40 neutralizing antibodies could be potential companion theranostic agents for patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Cheng Chang
- Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, P.O. Box 3-27, Longtan, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Fang Chiang
- Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, P.O. Box 3-27, Longtan, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Kuo
- Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, P.O. Box 3-27, Longtan, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Peng
- Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, P.O. Box 3-27, Longtan, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan
| | - I-Chun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Gynecologic Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-An Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Cheng Chiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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21
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Neutrophils and Asthma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12051175. [PMID: 35626330 PMCID: PMC9140072 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12051175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although eosinophilic inflammation is characteristic of asthma pathogenesis, neutrophilic inflammation is also marked, and eosinophils and neutrophils can coexist in some cases. Based on the proportion of sputum cell differentiation, asthma is classified into eosinophilic asthma, neutrophilic asthma, neutrophilic and eosinophilic asthma, and paucigranulocytic asthma. Classification by bronchoalveolar lavage is also performed. Eosinophilic asthma accounts for most severe asthma cases, but neutrophilic asthma or a mixture of the two types can also present a severe phenotype. Biomarkers for the diagnosis of neutrophilic asthma include sputum neutrophils, blood neutrophils, chitinase-3-like protein, and hydrogen sulfide in sputum and serum. Thymic stromal lymphoprotein (TSLP)/T-helper 17 pathways, bacterial colonization/microbiome, neutrophil extracellular traps, and activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 pathways are involved in the pathophysiology of neutrophilic asthma and coexistence of obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and habitual cigarette smoking have been associated with its pathogenesis. Thus, targeting neutrophilic asthma is important. Smoking cessation, neutrophil-targeting treatments, and biologics have been tested as treatments for severe asthma, but most clinical studies have not focused on neutrophilic asthma. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, anti-TSLP antibodies, azithromycin, and anti-cholinergic agents are promising drugs for neutrophilic asthma. However, clinical research targeting neutrophilic inflammation is required to elucidate the optimal treatment.
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22
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Wang Y, Chen G, Lin C, Chen Y, Huang M, Ye S. Possible mechanism of CHI3L1 promoting tonsil lymphocytes proliferation in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:1099-1105. [PMID: 34952935 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01907-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The typical characteristic of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is systemic inflammation and adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH), but the inflammatory markers and mechanism of adenotonsillar proliferation are unclear. METHODS IHC, qPCR, and western blotting were used to identify the expression of CHI3L1 in the tonsils of children with OSAS. The primary tonsil lymphocytes (PTLCs) from children with OSAS were cultured and recombinant human CHI3L1 protein was added to culture media. After the stimulation with CHI3L1 protein of different concentrations and time points, lymphocyte proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 kits and flow cytometry. The activation of ERK1/2 and the effects on the proliferation of PTLCs were observed by western blotting. RESULTS The expression of CHI3L1 was higher in the OSAS group than in the PS group. CHI3L1 (100 ng/mmol for 24 h) resulted in a significant increase in the proliferation rate. The ERK1/2 activator (PMA) promoted the proliferation of PTLCs and inhibitor AG126 significantly inhibited proliferation. CONCLUSIONS CHI3L1 can promote the proliferation of tonsil lymphocytes via ERK1/2 pathways. This result indicates that CHI3L1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of OSAS in children. Inhibition of CHI3L1 or ERK1/2 may be potential therapeutic targets for CHI3L1-induced proliferation in childhood OSAS. IMPACT CHI3L1 may be an inflammatory marker in childhood OSAS. CHI3L1 can promote the proliferation of PTLCs in a concentration and time-dependent condition. CHI3L1 can promote the proliferation of tonsil lymphocytes via ERK1/2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingge Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guohao Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chang Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shengnan Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. .,Fujian Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 350000, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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23
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Ham HJ, Lee YS, Lee HP, Ham YW, Yun J, Han SB, Hong JT. G721-0282 Exerts Anxiolytic-Like Effects on Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress in Mice Through Inhibition of Chitinase-3-Like 1-Mediated Neuroinflammation. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:793835. [PMID: 35345530 PMCID: PMC8957088 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.793835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is thought to be a major contributor to the onset of mental disorders such as anxiety disorders. Several studies have demonstrated a correlation between anxiety state and neuroinflammation, but the detailed mechanism is unclear. Chitinase-3-like 1 (CHI3L1) is expressed in several chronic inflammatorily damaged tissues and is well known to play a major role in mediating inflammatory responses. In the present study, we investigated the anxiolytic-like effect of N-Allyl-2-[(6-butyl-1,3-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)sulfanyl]acetamide (G721-0282), an inhibitor of CHI3L1, on mice treated with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), as well as the mechanism of its action. We examined the anxiolytic-like effect of G721-0282 by conducting several behavioral tests with oral administration of G721-0282 to CUMS-treated BALB/c male mice. We found that administration of G721-0282 relieves CUMS-induced anxiety. Anxiolytic-like effects of G721-0282 have been shown to be associated with decreased expressions of CUMS-induced inflammatory proteins and cytokines in the hippocampus. The CUMS-elevated levels of CHI3L1 and IGFBP3 were inhibited by treatment with G721-0282 in vivo and in vitro. However, CHI3L1 deficiency abolished the anti-inflammatory effects of G721-0282 in microglial BV-2 cells. These results suggest that G721-0282 could lower CUMS-induced anxiety like behaviors by regulating IGFBP3-mediated neuroinflammation via inhibition of CHI3L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Joo Ham
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Yong Sun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hee Pom Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Young Wan Ham
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT, United States
| | - Jaesuk Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jin Tae Hong,
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24
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Lee JW, Kim MN, Kim EG, Leem JS, Baek SM, Kim MJ, Kim KW, Sohn MH. Chitinase 3-like 1 is involved in the induction of IL-8 expression by double-stranded RNA in airway epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 592:106-112. [PMID: 35033868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Viral respiratory infection causes inflammatory lung disease. Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) contributes to airway inflammation, but its role in human airway epithelial cells following viral infection is unclear. Thus, we investigated whether CHI3L1 regulates inflammatory responses caused by viral infections in airway epithelial cells. Human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B, were stimulated with a synthetic analog of viral double-stranded RNA, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)). To confirm the specific role of CHI3L1, CHI3L1 was knocked down in BEAS-2B cells using shRNA lentivirus. The expression of CHI3L1 and proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were analyzed. In addition to poly(I:C), BEAS-2B cells were infected with the human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A2 strain, and CHI3L1 and IL-8 expression was analyzed. Stimulating the cells with poly(I:C) increased CHI3L1 and IL-8 expression, whereas IL-8 expression was abrogated in CHI3L1 knockdown BEAS-2B cells. Poly(I:C) stimulation of BEAS-2B cells resulted in phosphorylation of MAPK pathways, and inhibition of MAPK pathways significantly abolished IL-8 secretion. Phosphorylation of MAPK pathways was diminished in CHI3L1 knockdown BEAS-2B cells. Infection with RSV increased CHI3L1 and IL-8 expression. IL-8 expression induced by RSV infection was abrogated in CHI3L1 knockdown cells. In conclusion, CHI3L1 may be involved in IL-8 secretion by regulating MAPK pathways during respiratory viral infections in airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Mi Na Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Eun Gyul Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Ji Su Leem
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Seung Min Baek
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Yongin Severance Hospital, 363 Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16995, South Korea.
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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25
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Watanabe K, Shiga K, Maeda A, Harata S, Yanagita T, Suzuki T, Ushigome H, Maeda Y, Hirokawa T, Ogawa R, Hara M, Takahashi H, Matsuo Y, Mitsui A, Kimura M, Takiguchi S. Chitinase 3-like 1 secreted from cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes tumor angiogenesis via interleukin-8 secretion in colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 2021; 60:3. [PMID: 34913066 PMCID: PMC8698746 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer-stromal interaction has been demonstrated to promote tumor progression, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are the main components of stromal cells, have attracted attention as novel treatment targets. Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) is a chitinase-like protein, which affects cell proliferation and angiogenesis. However, the mechanisms through which cells secrete CHI3L1 and through which CHI3L1 mediates tumor progression in the cancer microenvironment are still unclear. Accordingly, the present study assessed the secretion of CHI3L1 in the microenvironment of colorectal cancer and evaluated how CHI3L1 affects tumor angiogenesis. CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) established from colorectal cancer tissue, and human colon cancer cell lines were evaluated using immunostaining, cytokine antibody array, RNA interference, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), ELISA, western blotting and angiogenesis assays. The expression and secretion of CHI3L1 in CAFs were stronger than those in NFs and colorectal cancer cell lines. In addition, interleukin-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2), a receptor for CHI3L1, was not expressed in colorectal cancer cell lines, but was expressed in fibroblasts, particularly CAFs. Furthermore, the expression and secretion of IL-8 in CAFs was stronger than that in NFs and cancer cell lines, and recombinant CHI3L1 addition increased IL-8 expression in CAFs, whereas knockdown of CHI3L1 suppressed IL-8 expression. Furthermore, IL-13Rα2 knockdown suppressed the enhancement of IL-8 expression induced by CHI3L1 treatment in CAFs. For vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA), similar results to IL-8 were observed in an ELISA for comparison of secretion between CAFs and NFs and for changes in secretion after CHI3L1 treatment in CAFs; however, no significant differences were observed for changes in expression after CHI3L1 treatment or IL-13Rα2 knockdown in CAFs assessed using RT-qPCR assays. Angiogenesis assays revealed that tube formation in vascular endothelial cells was suppressed by conditioned medium from CAFs with the addition of human CHI3L1 neutralizing antibodies compared with control IgG, and also suppressed by conditioned medium from CAFs transfected with CHI3L1, IL-8 or VEGFA small interfering RNA compared with negative control small interfering RNA. Overall, the present findings indicated that CHI3L1 secreted from CAFs acted on CAFs to increase the secretion of IL-8, thereby affecting tumor angiogenesis in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Shiga
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Anri Maeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Harata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanagita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hajime Ushigome
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yuzo Maeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takahisa Hirokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Ryo Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Masayasu Hara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yoichi Matsuo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Akira Mitsui
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Shuji Takiguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
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26
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Jin Y, Song J, Xu F, Zhang D, He J, Zheng J, Zhang Y, Li J, Guo Y, Xu M, Yu X, Liu Y, Liu Q, Yan J. Association between YKL-40 and asthma: a systematic meta-analysis. Sleep Breath 2021; 26:1011-1022. [PMID: 34657273 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-021-02495-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many studies have shown that chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), also known as YKL-40, is associated with asthma. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the role of serum YKL-40 in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of asthma, severity grading, and determination of disease state. METHODS The PubMed, Ovid, and Cochrane databases were searched. A total of 17 articles involving 5696 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. RESULTS The results showed that the level of YKL-40 was significantly higher in asthmatic patients than in the normal group regardless of age and residential location, and increased with severity and acute exacerbation (p < 0.05). YKL-40 levels were significantly different between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, and also between asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACO) and asthma (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION YKL-40 may act as a potential serological marker for the diagnosis of asthma, assessment of severity, indicator of the disease state, and differential diagnosis of COPD, ACO, and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jinfang He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jiakun Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jintong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yikun Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Mengjiao Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiangfeng Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yanbin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Xue Q, Chen L, Yu J, Sun K, Ye L, Zheng J. Downregulation of Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 Inhibits Angiogenic Formation Mediated by Chitinase 3-Like 1 in Late Atherosclerotic Lesions of apoE -/- Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:690109. [PMID: 34349665 PMCID: PMC8327173 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.690109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) has the potential to prompt proliferation and angiogenic formation. Interleukin-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2) was regarded as a receptor of CHI3L1; however, it is unknown whether CHI3L1 adjusts the neovascularization in late atherosclerotic lesions of apoE -/- mice via IL-13Rα2. Methods: Silicone collars were placed around one of the common carotid arteries of apoE -/- mice fed with a high-fat diet. The mice were further injected with Ad.CHI3L1 alone or Ad.CHI3L1 + Ad.IL-13Rα2 shRNA through the caudal vein. The plaque areas in the whole aorta and aortic root were evaluated by Oil Red O staining and H&E staining. The contents of CD31, CD42b, and collagen in carotid plaques were investigated by immunohistochemistry and Masson trichrome staining. The role of CHI3L1 in migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was determined by transwell and Matrigel tests. The effect of CHI3L1 on the expression of AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was evaluated with the Western blot. Results: The plaque loads in the aorta were significantly more extensive in apoE -/- mice injected with Ad.CHI3L1 than those with Ad.CHI3L1 + Ad.IL-13Rα2 shRNA. CHI3L1 significantly increased the contents of CD31 and CD42b and decreased the element of collagen in late-stage atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid arteries. The effects of CHI3L1 on migration, tube formation, and upregulation of phospho-AKT and phospho-ERK of HUVECs were prohibited by inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) as well as IL-13Rα2 shRNA. Conclusion: To some extent, CHI3L1 promotes migration and tube formation of HUVECs and neovascularization in atherosclerotic plaques possibly mediated by IL-13Rα2 through AKT and ERK signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwu Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kewang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lifang Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianlei Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Shan Z, Li L, Atkins CL, Wang M, Wen Y, Jeong J, Moreno NF, Feng D, Gui X, Zhang N, Lee CG, Elias JA, Lee WM, Gao B, Lam FW, An Z, Ju C. Chitinase 3-like-1 contributes to acetaminophen-induced liver injury by promoting hepatic platelet recruitment. eLife 2021; 10:e68571. [PMID: 34110284 PMCID: PMC8233036 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatic platelet accumulation contributes to acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI). However, little is known about the molecular pathways involved in platelet recruitment to the liver and whether targeting such pathways could attenuate AILI. Methods Mice were fasted overnight before intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with APAP at a dose of 210 mg/kg for male mice and 325 mg/kg for female mice. Platelets adherent to Kupffer cells were determined in both mice and patients overdosed with APAP. The impact of α-chitinase 3-like-1 (α-Chi3l1) on alleviation of AILI was determined in a therapeutic setting, and liver injury was analyzed. Results The present study unveiled a critical role of Chi3l1 in hepatic platelet recruitment during AILI. Increased Chi3l1 and platelets in the liver were observed in patients and mice overdosed with APAP. Compared to wild-type (WT) mice, Chil1-/- mice developed attenuated AILI with markedly reduced hepatic platelet accumulation. Mechanistic studies revealed that Chi3l1 signaled through CD44 on macrophages to induce podoplanin expression, which mediated platelet recruitment through C-type lectin-like receptor 2. Moreover, APAP treatment of Cd44-/- mice resulted in much lower numbers of hepatic platelets and liver injury than WT mice, a phenotype similar to that in Chil1-/- mice. Recombinant Chi3l1 could restore hepatic platelet accumulation and AILI in Chil1-/- mice, but not in Cd44-/- mice. Importantly, we generated anti-Chi3l1 monoclonal antibodies and demonstrated that they could effectively inhibit hepatic platelet accumulation and AILI. Conclusions We uncovered the Chi3l1/CD44 axis as a critical pathway mediating APAP-induced hepatic platelet recruitment and tissue injury. We demonstrated the feasibility and potential of targeting Chi3l1 to treat AILI. Funding ZS received funding from NSFC (32071129). FWL received funding from NIH (GM123261). ALFSG received funding from NIDDK (DK 058369). ZA received funding from CPRIT (RP150551 and RP190561) and the Welch Foundation (AU-0042-20030616). CJ received funding from NIH (DK122708, DK109574, DK121330, and DK122796) and support from a University of Texas System Translational STARs award. Portions of this work were supported with resources and the use of facilities of the Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center and funding from Department of Veterans Affairs I01 BX002551 (Equipment, Personnel, Supplies). The contents do not represent the views of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US Government.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Shan
- Department of Anesthesiology, UTHealth McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonUnited States
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Leike Li
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, UTHealth McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonUnited States
| | | | - Meng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, UTHealth McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonUnited States
| | - Yankai Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, UTHealth McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonUnited States
| | - Jongmin Jeong
- Department of Anesthesiology, UTHealth McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonUnited States
| | - Nicolas F Moreno
- Department of Anesthesiology, UTHealth McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonUnited States
| | - Dechun Feng
- Laboratory of Liver Disease, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIHBethesdaUnited States
| | - Xun Gui
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, UTHealth McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonUnited States
| | - Ningyan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, UTHealth McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonUnited States
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - Jack A Elias
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
- Division of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - William M Lee
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Med SchoolDallasUnited States
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Disease, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIHBethesdaUnited States
| | - Fong Wilson Lam
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Center for Translation Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical CenterHoustonUnited States
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, UTHealth McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonUnited States
| | - Cynthia Ju
- Department of Anesthesiology, UTHealth McGovern Medical SchoolHoustonUnited States
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O'Sullivan MJ, Phung TKN, Park JA. Bronchoconstriction: a potential missing link in airway remodelling. Open Biol 2020; 10:200254. [PMID: 33259745 PMCID: PMC7776576 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In asthma, progressive structural changes of the airway wall are collectively termed airway remodelling. Despite its deleterious effect on lung function, airway remodelling is incompletely understood. As one of the important causes leading to airway remodelling, here we discuss the significance of mechanical forces that are produced in the narrowed airway during asthma exacerbation, as a driving force of airway remodelling. We cover in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo work in this field, and discuss up-to-date literature supporting the idea that bronchoconstriction may be the missing link in a comprehensive understanding of airway remodelling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jin-Ah Park
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, USA
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Ham HJ, Lee YS, Yun J, Son DJ, Lee HP, Han SB, Hong JT. K284-6111 alleviates memory impairment and neuroinflammation in Tg2576 mice by inhibition of Chitinase-3-like 1 regulating ERK-dependent PTX3 pathway. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:350. [PMID: 33222690 PMCID: PMC7681957 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-02022-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders characterized by gradual memory loss and neuropsychiatric symptoms. We have previously demonstrated that the 2-({3-[2-(1-cyclohexene-1-yl)ethyl]-6,7-dimethoxy-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2-quinazolinyl}sulfanyl)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)butanamide (K284-6111), the inhibitor of CHI3L1, has the inhibitory effect on memory impairment in Αβ infusion mouse model and on LPS-induced neuroinflammation in the murine BV-2 microglia and primary cultured astrocyte. Methods In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of K284-6111 on memory dysfunction and neuroinflammation in Tg2576 transgenic mice, and a more detailed correlation of CHI3L1 and AD. To investigate the effects of K284-6111 on memory dysfunction, we administered K284-6111 (3 mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 4 weeks to Tg2576 mice, followed by behavioral tests of water maze test, probe test, and passive avoidance test. Results Administration of K284-6111 alleviated memory impairment in Tg2576 mice and had the effect of reducing the accumulation of Aβ and neuroinflammatory responses in the mouse brain. K284-6111 treatment also selectively inactivated ERK and NF-κB pathways, which were activated when CHI3L1 was overexpressed, in the mouse brain and in BV-2 cells. Web-based gene network analysis and our results of gene expression level in BV-2 cells showed that CHI3L1 is closely correlated with PTX3. Our result revealed that knockdown of PTX3 has an inhibitory effect on the production of inflammatory proteins and cytokines, and on the phosphorylation of ERK and IκBα. Conclusion These results suggest that K284-6111 could improve memory dysfunction by alleviating neuroinflammation through inhibiting CHI3L1 enhancing ERK-dependent PTX3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Joo Ham
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesuk Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ju Son
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Pom Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea.
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Wang L, Bao A, Zheng Y, Ma A, Wu Y, Shang H, Fang D, Ben S. Adenovirus vector-mediated YKL-40 shRNA attenuates eosinophil airway inflammation in a murine asthmatic model. Gene Ther 2020; 28:177-185. [PMID: 33046836 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-020-00202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that YKL-40 is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, its specific mechanism remains unclear. The present study aims to investigate the effect of adenovirus vector-mediated YKL-40 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) on regulation of airway inflammation in a murine asthmatic model. Mice were assessed for airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), total leukocytes and the percentage of eosinophil cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). YKL-40 mRNA and protein expression levels were detected using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot assays. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect YKL-40 and eosinophil-related chemokine expression levels in BALF and serum. Lung histology analyses were performed to evaluate the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration around the airway and airway mucus secretion.YKL-40 shRNA significantly inhibited the YKL-40 gene expression in asthmatic mice. In addition, YKL-40 shRNA alleviated eosinophilic airway inflammation, AHR, airway mucus secretion and decreased the levels of YKL-40 in BALF and serum in a murine asthmatic model. The levels and mRNA expression of IL-5, IL-13 in asthmatic mice lung tissues, eotaxin, and GM-CSF in BALF and serum significantly decreased. Bone marrow signaling molecules including IL-5, eotaxin, and GM-CSF were correlated with decreased levels of YKL-40. The study reveals that YKL-40 could be involved in asthma inflammation by altering bone marrow signaling molecules. YKL-40 gene RNA interference could provide new therapeutic strategies for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aihua Bao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aying Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huanxia Shang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chest Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Danruo Fang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suqin Ben
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Chitinase-3 like-protein-1 function and its role in diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:201. [PMID: 32929074 PMCID: PMC7490424 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-enzymatic chitinase-3 like-protein-1 (CHI3L1) belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 18. It binds to chitin, heparin, and hyaluronic acid, and is regulated by extracellular matrix changes, cytokines, growth factors, drugs, and stress. CHI3L1 is synthesized and secreted by a multitude of cells including macrophages, neutrophils, synoviocytes, chondrocytes, fibroblast-like cells, smooth muscle cells, and tumor cells. It plays a major role in tissue injury, inflammation, tissue repair, and remodeling responses. CHI3L1 has been strongly associated with diseases including asthma, arthritis, sepsis, diabetes, liver fibrosis, and coronary artery disease. Moreover, following its initial identification in the culture supernatant of the MG63 osteosarcoma cell line, CHI3L1 has been shown to be overexpressed in a wealth of both human cancers and animal tumor models. To date, interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2, transmembrane protein 219, galectin-3, chemo-attractant receptor-homologous 2, and CD44 have been identified as CHI3L1 receptors. CHI3L1 signaling plays a critical role in cancer cell growth, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, activation of tumor-associated macrophages, and Th2 polarization of CD4+ T cells. Interestingly, CHI3L1-based targeted therapy has been increasingly applied to the treatment of tumors including glioma and colon cancer as well as rheumatoid arthritis. This review summarizes the potential roles and mechanisms of CHI3L1 in oncogenesis and disease pathogenesis, then posits investigational strategies for targeted therapies.
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Gurung R, Choong AM, Woo CC, Foo R, Sorokin V. Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Modulation in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176334. [PMID: 32878347 PMCID: PMC7504666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) refers to the localized dilatation of the infra-renal aorta, in which the diameter exceeds 3.0 cm. Loss of vascular smooth muscle cells, degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), vascular inflammation, and oxidative stress are hallmarks of AAA pathogenesis and contribute to the progressive thinning of the media and adventitia of the aortic wall. With increasing AAA diameter, and left untreated, aortic rupture ensues with high mortality. Collective evidence of recent genetic and epigenetic studies has shown that phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) towards dedifferentiation and proliferative state, which associate with the ECM remodeling of the vascular wall and accompanied with increased cell senescence and inflammation, is seen in in vitro and in vivo models of the disease. This review critically analyses existing publications on the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms implicated in the complex role of SMCs within the aortic wall in AAA formation and reflects the importance of SMCs plasticity in AAA formation. Although evidence from the wide variety of mouse models is convincing, how this knowledge is applied to human biology needs to be addressed urgently leveraging modern in vitro and in vivo experimental technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rijan Gurung
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 9, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (R.G.); (R.F.)
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Andrew Mark Choong
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (A.M.C.); (C.C.W.)
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 9, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Chin Cheng Woo
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (A.M.C.); (C.C.W.)
| | - Roger Foo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 9, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (R.G.); (R.F.)
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Vitaly Sorokin
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (A.M.C.); (C.C.W.)
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 9, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6779-5555
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Heirani-Tabasi A, Mirahmadi M, Mishan MA, Naderi-Meshkin H, Toosi S, Matin MM, Bidkhori HR, Bahrami AR. Comparison the effects of hypoxia-mimicking agents on migration-related signaling pathways in mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Tissue Bank 2020; 21:643-653. [PMID: 32815062 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09851-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) have been designated as the promising agents for clinical applications for easy accessibility, multi-linage differentiation and immunomodulation capacity. Despite this, optimal cell delivery conditions have remained as a clinical challenge and improvement of stem cell homing to the target organs is being considered as a major strategy in cell therapy systemic injection. It has been shown that homing of mesenchymal stem cells are increased when treated with physical or chemical hypoxia-mimicking factors, however, efficiency of different agents remained to be determined. In this study, hypoxia-mimicking agents, including valproic acid (VPA), cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and deferoxamine (DFX) were examined to determine whether they are able to activate signaling molecules involved in migration of Ad-MSCs in vitro. We report that Ad-MSCs treated by DFX resulted in a significantly enhanced mRNA expression of MAPK4 (associated with MAPK signaling pathway), INPP4B (associated with Inositol polyphosphate pathway), VEGF-A and VEGF-C (associated with cytokine-cytokine receptor pathways), IL-8 and its receptor, CXCR2 (associated with IL-8 signaling pathway). While the cells treated with VPA did not show such effects and CoCl2 only upregulated VEGF-A and VEGF-C gene expression. Furthermore, results of wound-healing assays showed migration capacity of Ad-MSCs treated with DFX significantly increased 8 and 24 h of the treatment. This study provides credible evidence around DFX, which might be an effective drug for pharmacological preconditioning of Ad-MSCs to boost their homing capacity and regeneration of damaged tissues though, activation of the migration-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Heirani-Tabasi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mirahmadi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amir Mishan
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Naderi-Meshkin
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shirin Toosi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran.,Cell and Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Bidkhori
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran. .,Cell and Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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The expression levels of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα correlate with TGM2 in duodenum biopsies of patients with celiac disease. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:925-935. [PMID: 32500186 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01371-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Celiac disease (CD) is an intestinal inflammatory disorder of the small intestine. Gliadins are a component of gluten and there are three main types (α, γ, and ω). Recent studies indicate that gliadin peptides are able to activate an innate immune response. IL15 is a major mediator of the innate immune response and is involved in the early alteration of CD mucosa. The chitinase molecules are highly expressed by the innate immune cells during the inflammatory processes. MATERIAL OR SUBJECTS We analyzed several microarray datasets of PBMCs and duodenum biopsies of CD patients and healthy control subjects (HCs). We verified the modulation CHI3L1 in CD patients and correlated the expression levels to the IL15, IL15Rα, TGM2, IFNγ, and IFNGR1/2. Duodenal biopsy samples belonged to nine active and nine treated children patients (long-term effects of gliadin), and 17 adult CD patients and 10 adults HCs. We also selected 169 samples of PBMCs from 127 CD patients on adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) for at least 2 years and 44 HCs. RESULTS Our analysis showed that CHI3L1 and IL15Rα were significantly upregulated in adult and children's celiac duodenum biopsies. In addition, the two genes were correlated significantly both in children than in adults CD duodenum biopsies. No significant modulation was observed in PBMCs of adult CD patients compared to the HCs. The correlation analysis of the expression levels of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα compared to TGM showed significant values both in adults and in children duodenal biopsies. Furthermore, the IFNγ expression levels were positively correlated with CHI3L1 and IL15Rα. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis confirmed the diagnostic ability of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα to discriminate CD from HCs. CONCLUSION Our data suggest a role for CHI3L1 underlying the pathophysiology of CD and represent a starting point aiming to inspire new investigation that proves the possible use of CHI3L1 as a diagnostic factor and therapeutic target.
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Kim TM, Paudel KR, Kim DW. Eriobotrya japonica leaf extract attenuates airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced mice model of asthma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 253:112082. [PMID: 31310829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eriobotrya japonica leaves has a very long history of medicinal use as an anti-inflammatory and antitussive agent for bronchial inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities of Eriobotrya japonica (EJ) leaf water extract in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine asthma model and human tracheal smooth muscle cell (HTSMC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were sensitized by intra peritoneal OVA and challenged with nebulized OVA. EJ extract was administered orally at various dose. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was quantified for nitric oxide (NO), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13 level and immunoglobulin (Ig) E was quantified in serum. Lung tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for assessment of inflammatory cell infiltration whereas mucus production and goblet cell hyperplasia were studied by periodic acid schiff staining. Western blot was done for analysis of pERK1/2 expression and NFκB translocation in HTSMC whereas iNOS and COX-2 expression in RAW264.7 cell. RESULTS EJ significantly reduced the levels of BALF's NO, EPO, MMPs, IL-4, IL-13, and serum IgE. It also decreases inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus production. EJ also attenuated the proliferation of HTSMC, inhibits overexpression of ERK 1/2 and translocation of NFκB in HTSMC as well as iNOS and COX-2 expression in RAW 264.7 cell. CONCLUSION Present study suggest that, EJ effectively protects against allergic airway inflammation thus possessing potential therapeutic option for allergic asthma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Muk Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, 58554, Republic of Korea.
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Przysucha N, Górska K, Krenke R. Chitinases and Chitinase-Like Proteins in Obstructive Lung Diseases - Current Concepts and Potential Applications. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:885-899. [PMID: 32368034 PMCID: PMC7185641 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s236640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitinases, enzymes that cleave chitin’s chain to low molecular weight chitooligomers, are widely distributed in nature. Mammalian chitinases belong to the 18-glycosyl-hydrolase family and can be divided into two groups: true chitinases with enzymatic activity (AMCase and chitotriosidase) and chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) molecules which can bind to chitin or chitooligosaccharides but lack enzymatic activity (eg, YKL-40). Chitinases are thought to be part of an innate immunity against chitin-containing parasites and fungal infections. Both groups of these hydrolases are lately evaluated also as chemical mediators or biomarkers involved in airway inflammation and fibrosis. The aim of this article is to present the current knowledge on the potential role of human chitinases and CLPs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and course of obstructive lung diseases. We also assessed the potential role of chitinase and CLPs inhibitors as therapeutic targets in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Przysucha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Górska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Krenke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Sun Y, Shi Z, Liu B, Li X, Li G, Yang F, Tang H. YKL-40 mediates airway remodeling in asthma via activating FAK and MAPK signaling pathway. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1378-1390. [PMID: 32286145 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1750811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
YKL-40 is a chitinase-like protein which was significantly elevated in asthma patients and related closely to asthma severity and airway remodeling. Airway remodeling in asthma involves complicated physical and pathological processes, including increased airway smooth muscle mass due to proliferation, migration of airway smooth muscle cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and sub-epithelial fibrosis. However, the precise effect and underlying mechanism of YKL-40 in this pathological alteration remained unelucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that YKL-40 could promote asthma airway remodeling by increasing airway smooth muscle mass, inducing EMT and sub-epithelial fibrosis. Furthermore, we identified that FAK and MAPK signaling pathways are activated in the process. Inhibiting FAK or MAPK pathway could significantly ameliorate airway remodeling induced by excessive secretion of YKL-40 in vitro. and in vivo. In conclusion, this study shed light upon the effects of YKL-40 in asthma airway remodeling and provided potential novel targets in asthma patients with high YKL-40 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Insititute of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoquan Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Liqun Hospital , Shanghai, China
| | - Xian'Gui Li
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
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Trinh HKT, Nguyen TVT, Kim SH, Cao TBT, Luu QQ, Kim SH, Park HS. Osteopontin contributes to late-onset asthma phenotypes in adult asthma patients. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:253-265. [PMID: 32009132 PMCID: PMC7062758 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0376-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with late-onset asthma (LOA) have poor clinical outcomes. Osteopontin (OPN) is associated with airway inflammation and remodeling. To investigate the role of OPN in LOA compared to early-onset asthma (EOA), serum OPN levels were compared between 131 adult asthma patients (48 LOA and 83 EOA patients) and 226 healthy controls (HCs). BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin with/without polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) from week 6 (A6 mice) or week 12 (A12 mice) after birth. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), cell counts, histology, and Spp1 expression were assessed. The levels of OPN, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), chitinase 3-like 1 (CH3L1), and interleukin (IL) 5 were measured by ELISA. The expression of Smad3 phosphorylation and tissue transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) was evaluated by Western blot. The serum OPN levels were significantly higher in asthma patients than in HCs and in LOA patients than in those with EOA (P < 0.05) and were positively correlated with serum TGF-β1 and CH3L1 (r = 0.174, r = 0.264; P < 0.05). A12 mice showed elevated AHR with increased levels of OPN/TGF-β1/IL-5 in BALF and Spp1 compared to A6 mice. Poly(I:C) induced remarkable TGF-β1, CH3L1, Th2 cytokine, and OPN levels in BALF and the expression of phosphorylated Smad3, TGM2, and Spp1 in the lungs. OPN triggered TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling in the lungs, which was suppressed by dexamethasone and anti-IL5 antibody. In conclusion, aging and exposure to viral infections may induce OPN release and consequently modulate inflammation and TGF-β1/Smad3-related remodeling, contributing to the development of LOA. Aging and viral infections in older individuals may combine to spur the release of an inflammatory protein implicated in late-onset asthma. A team led by Hae-Sim Park from Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea, showed that people who develop asthma after age 40 have higher blood levels of osteopontin, a multifunctional protein with roles in airway inflammation and tissue remodeling, than people who develop asthma at a younger age or healthy individuals. The researchers developed two ovalbumin-induced asthma models in younger and older mice, and found that older mice developed more severe airway hyperresponsiveness with higher levels of osteopontin, among other inflammatory markers, which were emnhanced by viral infection. Drug therapies that target osteopontin signaling could help combat the late-onset asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Kim Tu Trinh
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, South Korea.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Van Thao Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Seo-Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Thi Bich Tra Cao
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Quoc Quang Luu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Translational Research Laboratory for Inflammatory Disease, Clinical Trial Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea.
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40
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Kzhyshkowska J, Larionova I, Liu T. YKL-39 as a Potential New Target for Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in Cancer. Front Immunol 2020; 10:2930. [PMID: 32038607 PMCID: PMC6988383 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
YKL-39 belongs to the evolutionarily conserved family of Glyco_18-containing proteins composed of chitinases and chitinase-like proteins. Chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) are secreted lectins that lack hydrolytic activity due to the amino acid substitutions in their catalytic domain and combine the functions of cytokines and growth factors. One of the major cellular sources that produce CLPs in various pathologies, including cancer, are macrophages. Monocytes recruited to the tumor site and programmed by tumor cells differentiate into tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which are the primary source of pro-angiogenic factors. Tumor angiogenesis is a crucial process for supplying rapidly growing tumors with essential nutrients and oxygen. We recently determined that YKL-39 is produced by tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer. YKL-39 acts as a strong chemotactic factor for monocytes and stimulates angiogenesis. Chemotherapy is a common strategy to reduce tumor size and aggressiveness before surgical intervention, but chemoresistance, resulting in the relapse of tumors, is a common clinical problem that is critical for survival in cancer patients. Accumulating evidence indicates that TAMs are essential regulators of chemoresistance. We have recently found that elevated levels of YKL-39 expression are indicative of the efficiency of the metastatic process in patients who undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We suggest YKL-39 as a new target for anti-angiogenic therapy that can be combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy to reduce chemoresistance and inhibit metastasis in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg—Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Irina Larionova
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Elevated eosinophils, IL5 and IL8 in induced sputum in asthma patients with accelerated FEV1 decline. Respir Med 2020; 162:105875. [PMID: 32056673 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.105875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some patients with asthma present with accelerated lung function decline. This phenomenon is mostly associated with severe exacerbations and with poor asthma control. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to detect the extent of FEV1 decline in patients with mild asthma and to discriminate clinical, functional and inflammatory factors associated with accelerated FEV1 decline. METHODS We recruited 50 patients with mild asthma for pulmonary function testing and induced sputum sampling 12-15 years after the initial diagnosis. In 33 patients, from whom sputum of a good quality was obtained, inflammatory cells were counted and concentrations of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ, angiogenin and VEGF in the sputum were measured by cytometric bead array. RESULTS Eighteen of 33 patients presented with accelerated FEV1 decline of more than 30 ml/year, with a mean (SEM) of 43.2 (3.9) ml/year, compared to 15 control patients with a FEV1 decline of 14.4 (2.1) ml/year. In the accelerated FEV1 decline group, we found elevated sputum levels of IL5 with a median (IQR) of 1.8 (0.4-3.2) pg/ml vs. 0.2 (0.1-1.2) pg/ml, p = 0.04; IL8 with a mean (SEM) of 1503 (194) pg/ml vs. 938 (177) pg/ml, p = 0.04; and eosinophils with a median (IQR) of 223 (41-1020) cells/μl vs. 39 (1-190) cells/μl, p = 0.03. No significant differences in other measured parameters were detected between the two groups. CONCLUSION Elevated sputum eosinophils, IL5 and IL8, which have a potential to stimulate airway remodelling, might be a useful non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets of accelerated FEV1 decline in asthma patients.
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Hübner K, Karwelat D, Pietsch E, Beinborn I, Winterberg S, Bedenbender K, Benedikter BJ, Schmeck B, Vollmeister E. NF-κB-mediated inhibition of microRNA-149-5p regulates Chitinase-3-like 1 expression in human airway epithelial cells. Cell Signal 2019; 67:109498. [PMID: 31837465 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lower respiratory tract infections are among the most common causes of death worldwide. Main pathogens leading to these severe infections are viruses and gram-positive bacteria that activate toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated immune responses via pathogen-associated molecular patterns. One protective factor induced during infection is Chitinase-3-like 1 (CHI3L1), which exerts various functions, e.g. in host cell proliferation and bacterial counteraction, and has been proposed as a biomarker in several acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. MicroRNAs (miR) have become important regulators of inflammation and infection and are considered therapeutic targets in recent years. However, it is not known whether microRNAs play a role in the regulation of CHI3L1 expression in TLR-mediated respiratory epithelial cell inflammation. In this study, we analysed the pre- and post-transcriptional regulation of CHI3L1 by TLRs in bronchial epithelial cells. Therefore, we stimulated BEAS-2B cells with the bacterial TLR2-ligand lipoteichoic acid or the viral dsRNA analogue poly(I:C). We observed an increase in the expression of CHI3L1, which was dependent on TNF-α-mediated NF-κB activation in TLR2- and TLR3-activated cells. Moreover, TLR2 and - 3 stimulation caused downregulation of the microRNA miR-149-5p, an effect that could be suppressed by inhibiting NF-κB translocation into the nucleus. Luciferase reporter assays identified a direct interaction of miR-149-5p with the CHI3L1 3´untranslated region. This interaction was confirmed by inhibition and overexpression of miR-149-5p in BEAS-2B cells, which altered the expression levels of CHI3L1 mRNA. In summary, miR-149-5p directly regulates CHI3L1 in context of TLR-mediated airway epithelial cell inflammation and may be a potential therapeutic target in inflammation and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Hübner
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Diana Karwelat
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Emma Pietsch
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Isabell Beinborn
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Sarah Winterberg
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Katrin Bedenbender
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Birke J Benedikter
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany; Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO box 5800, 6202AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bernd Schmeck
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center Marburg, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Philipps-University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany.
| | - Evelyn Vollmeister
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany.
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Guan R, Lin R, Jin R, Lu L, Liu X, Hu S, Sun L. Chitinase-like protein YKL-40 regulates human bronchial epithelial cells proliferation, apoptosis, and migration through TGF-β1/Smads pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 39:451-463. [PMID: 31797699 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119891218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to study the effects of chitinase-like protein YKL-40 on proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B), and the underlying mechanisms, we cultured BEAS-2B alone or with different concentrations of YKL-40. thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to examine the cell proliferation. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer (FITC)/propidium iodide staining and scratch assay were performed to test the cell apoptosis and migration. The concentrations of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Smad3, Smad7, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, and IL-8 in the cell culture supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The messenger RNA and protein levels of YKL-40, TGF-β1, Smad3, Smad7, and α-SMA were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. BEAS-2B cells cultured with different concentrations of YKL-40 showed significantly higher cell proliferation and migration and inflammatory cytokines compared with that of control group, while the cell apoptosis was significantly lower than that of control group (p < 0.05). In addition, BEAS-2B cells cultured with YKL-40 had increased TGF-β1, Smad3, Smad7, and α-SMA levels in the supernatant, compared with that of BEAS-2B cells cultured alone (p < 0.05). Furthermore, LY364947, as TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway inhibitor, decreased cell proliferation and migration ability and enhanced cell apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells compared with control group (p < 0.05). However, YKL-40 administration reversed the effect of LY364947 on the biological behavior of BEAS-2B cells. YKL-40 could affect the biological behaviors of BEAS-2B cells, which might be related to the TGF-β1/Smads pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Guan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Both the authors contributed equally to this work
| | - R Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Both the authors contributed equally to this work
| | - R Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - L Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - S Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Cianchetti S, Cardini C, Puxeddu I, Latorre M, Bartoli ML, Bradicich M, Dente F, Bacci E, Celi A, Paggiaro P. Distinct profile of inflammatory and remodelling biomarkers in sputum of severe asthmatic patients with or without persistent airway obstruction. World Allergy Organ J 2019; 12:100078. [PMID: 31871533 PMCID: PMC6911957 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2019.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both inflammatory and remodelling processes are associated with irreversible airway obstruction observed in severe asthma. Our aim was to characterize a group of severe asthmatic patients with or without persistent airway obstruction in relation to specific sputum inflammatory and remodelling biomarkers. METHODS Forty-five patients under regular high-dose inhaled corticosteroid/ß-2agonist treatment were studied, after a follow-up period of at least 2 years, with a minimum of 4 visits. Periostin, TGF-ß, RANTES, IL-8, GM-CSF, FGF-2, and cell counts were measured in induced sputum. Serum periostin was also measured. RESULTS Sputum induction was successfully performed in all but 5 patients. There were no significant differences in demographic and clinical data between patients with non-persistent obstruction (NO: FEV1/VC>88%pred.) and those with persistent obstruction (O: a not completely reversible obstruction with FEV1/VC<88%pred. at each visit before the study visit). Patients with persistent obstruction had significantly higher sputum periostin and TGF-ß concentrations than NO patients and a trend of higher serum periostin levels. GM-CSF and FGF-2 were significantly increased in NO compared to O patients. No differences between groups were found for RANTES, IL-8 and differential cell counts. Sputum periostin inversely correlated with functional parameters (prebronch. FEV1: rho = -0.36, p < 0.05; postbronch. FEV1: rho = -0.33, p = 0.05). Patients with high sputum periostin concentration (>103.3 pg/ml: median value) showed an absolute number of sputum eosinophils significantly higher than patients with low sputum periostin; this behavior was unobserved when serum periostin was considered. CONCLUSIONS Only periostin and TGF-ß identified a subgroup of severe asthmatic patients with persistent airway obstruction. Sputum periostin was also inversely associated with FEV1 and proved to be a more sensitive biomarker than serum periostin to identify severe asthmatics with higher sputum eosinophilia.
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Key Words
- Airway inflammation
- BMI, body mass index
- Biomarkers
- FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s
- FGF-2, fibroblast growth factor-2
- FeNO, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide
- GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- ICS, inhaled corticosteroids
- IFN, interferon
- IL-8, interleukin-8
- Induced sputum
- LABA, long-acting ß-2agonist
- LTRA, leukotriene receptor antagonist
- RANTES, regulated on activation, normal T-cells expressed and secreted
- Remodelling
- Severe asthma
- TGF-ß, transforming growth factor-ß-1
- VC, vital capacity
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Cianchetti
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology, and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Cardini
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology, and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Puxeddu
- Immunology and Allergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuela Latorre
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology, and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bartoli
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology, and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Bradicich
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology, and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Dente
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology, and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Bacci
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology, and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Celi
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology, and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Paggiaro
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology, and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Guo F, Long L, Wang J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Wang L, Luo F. Insights on CXC chemokine receptor 2 in breast cancer: An emerging target for oncotherapy. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5699-5708. [PMID: 31788042 PMCID: PMC6865047 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in women worldwide, and the treatment regimens currently available are far from optimal. Targeted therapy, based on molecular typing of breast cancer, is the most precise form of treatment, and CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) is one of the molecular markers used in targeted therapies. As a member of the seven transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor family, CXCR2 and its associated ligands have been increasingly implicated in tumor-associated processes. These processes include proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, chemoresistance, and stemness and phenotypic maintenance of cancer stem cells. Thus, the inhibition of CXCR2 or its downstream signaling pathways could significantly attenuate tumor progression. Therefore, studies on the biological functions of CXCR2 and its association with neoplasia may help improve the prognosis of breast cancer. Furthermore, the targeting of CXCR2 could supplement the present clinical approaches of breast cancer treatment strategies. The present review discusses the structures and mechanisms of CXCR2 and its ligands. Additionally, the contribution of CXCR2 to the development of breast cancer and its potential therapeutic benefits are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhu Guo
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Lang Long
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jiantao Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuyi Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yanyang Liu
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Feng Luo
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Acute Severe Asthma in Adolescent and Adult Patients: Current Perspectives on Assessment and Management. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091283. [PMID: 31443563 PMCID: PMC6780340 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease that is associated with variable expiratory flow, variable respiratory symptoms, and exacerbations which sometimes require hospitalization or may be fatal. It is not only patients with severe and poorly controlled asthma that are at risk for an acute severe exacerbation, but this has also been observed in patients with otherwise mild or moderate asthma. This review discusses current aspects on the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of acute severe asthma exacerbations and provides the current perspectives on the management of acute severe asthma attacks in the emergency department and the intensive care unit.
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Pirayesh A, Shahsavan S, Zargari Samani O, Shirzad H, Amani S, Bagheri N, Zamani MA, Torkamand F, Moghni M, Deris F, Khazraei HR, Noormohammadian Z. Local Expression of Mucosal YKL-40; Correlation of YKL-40 with Clinical Manifestations and Immunopathogenesis of Moderate/Severe Persistent Allergic Rhinitis Patients. Immunol Invest 2019; 49:46-57. [PMID: 31267789 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2019.1634096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
YKL-40 is an important protein that plays a critical role in chronic inflammation in hypersensitivity disease. In this study, the expression of YKL-40 was investigated among patients with moderate/severe persistent allergic rhinitis (M/S PAR), patients with mild (M) PAR and healthy individuals. Moreover, the association between YKL-40 and immunopathogenesis of M/S PAR was meticulously surveyed. For this purpose, surgical samples were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction to evaluate YKL-40 mRNA expression. The presence and location of YKL-40 protein in the tissue samples were determined by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, we measured the number of eosinophils per field in the tissue samples, blood eosinophils, total serum IgE, specific serum IgE, total nasal syndrome score (TNSS) and YKL-40 serum levels. The data indicated that production of YKL-40 in patients with M/S PAR increased significantly when compared with the control group. Furthermore, local production of YKL-40 correlated with specific IgE, nasal eosinophil count and TNSS. The results of the present study indicate that YKL-40, for its correlation with allergic clinical manifestations and symptom severity in M/S PAR patients, should be considered as a trigger factor in AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Pirayesh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Shahsavan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Omid Zargari Samani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hedayatollah Shirzad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Soroush Amani
- department of otorhinolaryngology, Shahrekord University of medical science, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zamani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Farbod Torkamand
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Moghni
- Department of Pathology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Deris
- Department of Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Khazraei
- department of otorhinolaryngology, Shahrekord University of medical science, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Noormohammadian
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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48
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Liu L, Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhang L, Zheng J, Wang J, Hansbro PM, Wang L, Wang G, Hsu ACY. Chitinase-like protein YKL-40 correlates with inflammatory phenotypes, anti-asthma responsiveness and future exacerbations. Respir Res 2019; 20:95. [PMID: 31113430 PMCID: PMC6530174 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic airway disease, which may be classified into different phenotypes. YKL-40 is a chitin-binding glycoprotein with unclear functions, but its expression is associated with inflammation and tissue remodeling. However, few studies have explored whether YKL-40 is associated with inflammatory phenotypes of asthma. Methods The study had two parts. Study I (n = 115) was a one-year prospective cohort designed to explore the relationship of serum YKL-40 levels with inflammatory phenotypes of asthma at baseline, and during exacerbations. Study II (n = 62) was a four-week prospective cohort designed to define whether serum YKL-40 levels could predict responses to a fixed anti-asthma regimen. YKL-40, IL-6 and CCL22 levels were detected using ELISA, and a sputum inflammatory panel (including IL-1β, IL-5, IL-8 and TNF-α) was assessed using Luminex-based MILLIPLEX assay. Results Study I: Serum YKL-40 levels in non-eosinophilic asthma (NEA) i.e. neutrophilic (47.77 [29.59, 74.97] ng/mL, n = 40) and paucigranulocytic (47.36 [28.81, 61.68] ng/mL, n = 31) were significantly elevated compared with eosinophilic asthma (31.05 [22.41, 51.10] ng/mL, n = 44) (P = 0.015). Serum YKL-40levels positively correlated with blood neutrophils, sputum IL-1β and plasma IL-6 but negatively correlated with serum IgE and blood eosinophils (all P ≤ 0.05). Baseline YKL-40 levels predicted moderate to severe exacerbations within a one-year period (aOR = 4.13, 95% CI = [1.08, 15.83]). Study II: Serum YKL-40 was an independent biomarker of negative responses to anti-asthma regimens (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 0.82, 95% CI = [0.71, 0.96]. Conclusions These studies show that YKL-40 is a non-type 2 inflammatory signature for NEA, which could predict responsiveness or insensitivity to anti-asthma medications and more exacerbations. Further studies are needed to assess whether monitoring YKL-40 levels could provide potential implications for clinical relevance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-019-1051-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21224, MD, USA.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Wang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21224, MD, USA
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Lei Wang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Alan Chen-Yu Hsu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
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YKL-40 promotes the progress of atherosclerosis independent of lipid metabolism in apolipoprotein E -/- mice fed a high-fat diet. Heart Vessels 2019; 34:1874-1881. [PMID: 31114961 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-019-01434-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
YKL-40 is recently regarded as a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the pathological process of atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism. However, whether YKL-40 can directly influence the development of atherosclerosis and levels of lipid parameters is unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the effects of YKL-40 on atherosclerotic features, the levels of serum lipids, and biomarkers in apolipoprotein (E)-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice fed a high-fat diet. ApoE-/- mice were injected with a recombinant adenovirus expressing mouse YKL-40 or control adenovirus through the caudal vein. The levels of serum YKL-40, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and soluble vascular cell-adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1) were measured by ELISA. Lipid metabolism parameters were measured using immunoturbidimetric assay. The size of plaque area in aorta was evaluated by Oil Red O and hematoxylin/eosin (HE) staining. The content of collagen fibers was stained with Masson, and the content of macrophages and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in atherosclerotic lesions was investigated by immunohistochemistry. The serum levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were similar between these two groups. Compared with the control, the levels of serum YKL-40, IL-6, TNF-alpha, MMP-9, plaque size, and macrophages in plaques were significantly increased in mice with adenovirus overexpressing YKL-40. However, the content of collagen fibers and SMCs was remarkably decreased in mice with adenovirus overexpressing YKL-40 than that in control. YKL-40 prompts the progress of atherosclerosis maybe involved with its role of pro-inflammation, but does not affect lipid metabolism in ApoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet.
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50
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YKL-40 and adult-onset asthma: Elevated levels in clusters with poorest outcome. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2019; 7:2466-2468.e3. [PMID: 30954645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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