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Gong X, He S, Cai P. Roles of TRIM21/Ro52 in connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1435525. [PMID: 39165359 PMCID: PMC11333224 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1435525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple factors contribute to the development of connective tissue diseases (CTD), often alongside a range of interstitial lung diseases (ILD), including Sjögren's syndrome-associated ILD, systemic sclerosis-associated ILD, systemic lupus erythematosus-associated ILD, idiopathic inflammatory myositis-associated ILD. TRIM21(or Ro52), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a vital role in managing innate and adaptive immunity, and maintaining cellular homeostasis, and is a focal target for autoantibodies in various rheumatic autoimmune diseases. However, the effectiveness of anti-TRIM21 antibodies in diagnosing CTD remains a matter of debate because of their non-specific nature. Recent studies indicate that TRIM21 and its autoantibody are involved in the pathogenesis of CTD-ILD and play an important role in diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, we focus on the contribution of TRIM21 in the pathogenesis of CTD-ILD, as well as the potential diagnostic value of its autoantibodies in different types of CTD-ILD for disease progression and potential as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pengcheng Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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2
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Tan Y, Yin J, Wu Z, Xiong W. Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals cellular and molecular insights into primary Sjögren's syndrome. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33433. [PMID: 39027515 PMCID: PMC11255657 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to comprehensively analyze genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and single-cell sequencing data to unravel the molecular basis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and explore potential therapeutic targets. Methods Mendelian randomization and single-cell RNA sequencing were employed to analyze pSS data. Differentially expressed genes specific to different blood cell types were identified. Integration of multiomics data facilitated the exploration of genetic regulatory relationships. Results The analysis revealed distinct cell clusters representing various immune cell subsets. Several genes, including cathepsin S (CTSS) and glutathione S-transferase omega 1 (GSTO1), were identified as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for pSS. Diagnostic utility analysis demonstrated the discriminatory power of CTSS and GSTO1 in distinguishing pSS patients from healthy controls. Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of integrating multiomics data for understanding pSS pathogenesis. CTSS and GSTO1 show promise as diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for pSS. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted therapies for this complex autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha City, 410013, Hunan Province, China
- Postdoctoral Station of Clinical Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jiayang Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha City, 410013, Hunan Province, China
- Postdoctoral Station of Clinical Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhenkai Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changde, 415000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha City, 410013, Hunan Province, China
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3
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Mahla RS. TLR7 signaling: a central nexus in autoimmunity and cGVHD. Blood Adv 2024; 8:3186-3188. [PMID: 38696714 PMCID: PMC11225663 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2024012598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Singh Mahla
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Medical Science Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Won J, Kang HS, Kim NY, Dezhbord M, Marakkalage KG, Lee EH, Lee D, Park S, Kim DS, Kim KH. Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 is involved in IFN-γ-induced suppression of hepatitis B virus by regulating hepatocyte nuclear factors. J Virol 2024; 98:e0046824. [PMID: 38780244 PMCID: PMC11237615 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00468-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The antiviral role of the tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) protein family , a member of the E3-ubiquitin ligase family, has recently been actively studied. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major contributor to liver diseases; however, the host factors regulated by cytokine-inducible TRIM21 to suppress HBV remain unclear. In this study, we showed the antiviral efficacy of TRIM21 against HBV in hepatoma cell lines, primary human hepatocytes isolated from patient liver tissues, and mouse model. Using TRIM21 knock-out cells, we confirmed that the antiviral effects of interferon-gamma, which suppress HBV replication, are diminished when TRIM21 is deficient. Northern blot analysis confirmed a reduction of HBV RNA levels by TRIM21. Using Luciferase reporter assay, we also discovered that TRIM21 decreases the activity of HBV enhancers, which play a crucial role in covalently closed circular DNA transcription. The participation of the RING domain and PRY-SPRY domain in the anti-HBV effect of TRIM21 was demonstrated through experiments using deletion mutants. We identified a novel interaction between TRIM21 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) through co-immunoprecipitation assay. More specifically, ubiquitination assay revealed that TRIM21 promotes ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of HNF4α. HNF1α transcription is down-regulated as a result of the degradation of HNF4α, an activator for the HNF1α promoter. Therefore, the reduction of key HBV enhancer activators, HNF4α and HNF1α, by TRIM21 resulted in a decline in HBV transcription, ultimately leading to the inhibition of HBV replication.IMPORTANCEDespite extensive research efforts, a definitive cure for chronic hepatitis B remains elusive, emphasizing the persistent importance of this viral infection as a substantial public health concern. Although the risks associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are well known, host factors capable of suppressing HBV are largely uncharacterized. This study elucidates that tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21) suppresses HBV transcription and consequently inhibits HBV replication by downregulating the hepatocyte nuclear factors, which are host factors associated with the HBV enhancers. Our findings demonstrate a novel anti-HBV mechanism of TRIM21 in interferon-gamma-induced anti-HBV activity. These findings may contribute to new strategies to block HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Won
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Seok Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Yeon Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mehrangiz Dezhbord
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Eun-Hwi Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyo Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soree Park
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sik Kim
- Department of Surgery, Division of HBP Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zhu W, Wang Y, Guan Y, Lu Y, Li Y, Sun L, Wang Y. Rapamycin can alleviate the submandibular gland pathology of Sjögren's syndrome by limiting the activation of cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1113-1131. [PMID: 38114798 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) is also known as autoimmune exocrine gland disease. Previous studies have confirmed that adaptive immunity plays an important role in the development of this disease. But less is known about the role of the innate immune system. METHODS To identify the core pathways, and local infiltrated immune cells in the local immune microenvironment of SS. We verified the activation of these core genes and core signaling pathways in SS model mice by in vivo experiment and transcriptome sequencing. RESULTS Finally, we identified 6 core genes EPSTI1, IFI44L, MX1, CXCL10, IFIT3, and IFI44. All the 6 genes had good diagnostic value. Based on multi-omics sequencing results and experimental studies, we found that cGAS-STING signaling pathway is most relevant to the pathogenesis of SS. By in vivo experiments, we verified that autophagy is the key brake to limit the activation of cGAS-STING signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Maladaptive activation of autophagy and cGAS-STING signaling pathway are central contributors to the SG pathogenesis of pSS patient. Regulating autophagy by rapamycin may be a possible treatment for Sjögren's syndrome in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yabei Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Guan
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Lu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yehui Li
- Gansu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210032, People's Republic of China.
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Huang Y, Gao X, He QY, Liu W. A Interacting Model: How TRIM21 Orchestrates with Proteins in Intracellular Immunity. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301142. [PMID: 37922533 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21), identified as both a cytosolic E3 ubiquitin ligase and FcR (Fragment crystallizable receptor), primarily interacts with proteins via its PRY/SPRY domains and promotes their proteasomal degradation to regulate intracellular immunity. But how TRIM21 involves in intracellular immunity still lacks systematical understanding. Herein, it is probed into the TRIM21-related literature and raises an interacting model about how TRIM21 orchestrates proteins in cytosol. In this novel model, TRIM21 generally interacts with miscellaneous protein in intracellular immunity in two ways: For one, TRIM21 solely plays as an E3, ubiquitylating a glut of proteins that contain specific interferon-regulatory factor, nuclear transcription factor kappaB, virus sensors and others, and involving inflammatory responses. For another, TRIM21 serves as both E3 and specific FcR that detects antibody-complexes and facilitates antibody destroying target proteins. Correspondingly delineated as Fc-independent signaling and Fc-dependent signaling in this review, how TRIM21's interactions contribute to intracellular immunity, expecting to provide a systematical understanding of this important protein and invest enlightenment for further research on the pathogenesis of related diseases and its prospective application is elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisha Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xuejuan Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qing-Yu He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wanting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Hsu CH, Yu YL. The interconnected roles of TRIM21/Ro52 in systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren's syndrome, cancers, and cancer metabolism. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:289. [PMID: 37993883 PMCID: PMC10664372 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein tripartite motif-containing 21 (TRIM21/Ro52), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is an essential regulator of innate immunity, and its dysregulation is closely associated with the development of autoimmune diseases, predominantly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). TRIM21 /Ro52 also features anti-cancer and carcinogenic functions according to different malignancies. The interconnected role of TRIM21/Ro52 in regulating autoimmunity and cell metabolism in autoimmune diseases and malignancies is implicated. In this review, we summarize current findings on how TRIM21/Ro52 affects inflammation and tumorigenesis, and investigate the relationship between TRIM21/Ro52 expression and the formation of lymphoma and breast cancer in SLE and pSS populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chueh-Hsuan Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Luen Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
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Raji Sathyan K, Premraj A, Thavarool Puthiyedathu S. Characterization of two tripartite motif-containing genes from Asian Seabass Lates calcarifer and their expression in response to virus infection and microbial molecular motifs. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2023; 35:169-186. [PMID: 37139802 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We identified two tripartite motif (TRIM) genes, LcTRIM21 and LcTRIM39, from the Asian Seabass Lates calcarifer, and examined their responses to experimental betanodavirus infection and stimulation with microbial pathogen-associated molecular patterns. METHODS Genes encoding LcTRIM21 and LcTRIM39 were identified, cloned, and sequenced from the Asian Seabass. We analyzed the sequence using a variety of bioinformatics tools to determine protein structure, localization, and establish a phylogenetic tree. By using quantitative real-time PCR, we analyzed expression profiles of the LcTRIM21 and LcTRIM39 genes in response to betanodavirus challenge as well as molecular pathogen-associated molecular patterns like poly(I:C) and Zymosan A. The tissue distribution pattern of these genes was also examined in healthy animals. RESULT Asian Seabass homologues of the TRIM gene, LcTRIM21 and LcTRIM39, were cloned, both encoding proteins with 547 amino acids. LcTRIM21 is predicted to have an isoelectric point of 6.32 and a molecular mass of 62.11 kilodaltons, while LcTRIM39 has an isoelectric point of 5.57 and a molecular mass of 62.11 kilodaltons. LcTRIM21 and LcTRIM39 homologues were predicted to be localized in cytoplasm by in silico protein localization. Structurally, both proteins contain an N-terminal really interesting new gene (RING) zinc-finger domain, B-box domain, coiled-coil domain and C-terminal PRY/SPRY domain. Most tissues and organs examined showed constitutive expression of LcTRIM21 and LcTRIM39. Upon poly(I:C) challenge or red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus infection, LcTRIM21 and LcTRIM39 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated, suggesting that they may play a critical antiviral role against fish viruses. LcTRIM21 and LcTRIM39 expression were also upregulated by administration of the glucan Zymosan A. CONCLUSION The TRIM-containing gene is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that exhibits antiviral activity by targeting viral proteins via proteasome-mediated ubiquitination. TRIM proteins can be explored for the discovery of antivirals and strategies to combat diseases like viral nervous necrosis, that threaten seabass aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnapriya Raji Sathyan
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Avinash Premraj
- Department of the President's Affairs, Camel Biotechnology Centre, Presidential Camels and Camel Racing Affairs Centre, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Qi X, Huang Q, Wang S, Qiu L, Chen X, Ouyang K, Chen Y. Identification of the shared mechanisms and common biomarkers between Sjögren's syndrome and atherosclerosis using integrated bioinformatics analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1185303. [PMID: 37727764 PMCID: PMC10506082 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1185303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by exocrine and extra-glandular symptoms. The literature indicates that SS is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis (AS); however, its pathophysiological mechanism remains undetermined. This investigation aimed to elucidate the crosstalk genes and pathways influencing the pathophysiology of SS and AS via bioinformatic analysis of microarray data. Methods Microarray datasets of SS (GSE40611) and AS (GSE28829) were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were acquired using R software's "limma" packages, and the functions of common DEGs were determined using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia analyses. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) was established using the STRING database. The hub genes were assessed via cytoHubba plug-in and validated by external validation datasets (GSE84844 for SS; GSE43292 for AS). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune infiltration of hub genes were also conducted. Results Eight 8 hub genes were identified using the intersection of four topological algorithms in the PPI network. Four genes (CTSS, IRF8, CYBB, and PTPRC) were then verified as important cross-talk genes between AS and SS with an area under the curve (AUC) ≥0.7. Furthermore, the immune infiltration analysis revealed that lymphocytes and macrophages are essentially linked with the pathogenesis of AS and SS. Moreover, the shared genes were enriched in multiple metabolisms and autoimmune disease-related pathways, as evidenced by GSEA analyses. Conclusion This is the first study to explore the common mechanism between SS and AS. Four key genes, including CTSS, CYBB, IRF8, and PTPRC, were associated with the pathogenesis of SS and AS. These hub genes and their correlation with immune cells could be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Qi
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Qianwen Huang
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shijia Wang
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liangxian Qiu
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiongbiao Chen
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- Departments of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Cui Y, Zhang H, Wang Z, Gong B, Al-Ward H, Deng Y, Fan O, Wang J, Zhu W, Sun YE. Exploring the shared molecular mechanisms between systemic lupus erythematosus and primary Sjögren's syndrome based on integrated bioinformatics and single-cell RNA-seq analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1212330. [PMID: 37614232 PMCID: PMC10442653 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) are common systemic autoimmune diseases that share a wide range of clinical manifestations and serological features. This study investigates genes, signaling pathways, and transcription factors (TFs) shared between SLE and pSS. Methods Gene expression profiles of SLE and pSS were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis were conducted to identify shared genes related to SLE and pSS. Overlapping genes were then subject to Gene Ontology (GO) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses. Cytoscape plugins cytoHubba and iRegulon were subsequently used to screen shared hub genes and predict TFs. In addition, gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and CIBERSORTx were used to calculate the correlations between hub genes and immune cells as well as related pathways. To confirm these results, hub genes and TFs were verified in microarray and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets. Results Following WGCNA and limma analysis, 152 shared genes were identified. These genes were involved in interferon (IFN) response and cytokine-mediated signaling pathway. Moreover, we screened six shared genes, namely IFI44L, ISG15, IFIT1, USP18, RSAD2 and ITGB2, out of which three genes, namely IFI44L, ISG15 and ITGB2 were found to be highly expressed in both microarray and scRNA-seq datasets. IFN response and ITGB2 signaling pathway were identified as potentially relevant pathways. In addition, STAT1 and IRF7 were identified as common TFs in both diseases. Conclusion This study revealed IFI44L, ISG15 and ITGB2 as the shared genes and identified STAT1 and IRF7 as the common TFs of SLE and pSS. Notably, the IFN response and ITGB2 signaling pathway played vital roles in both diseases. Our study revealed common pathogenetic characteristics of SLE and pSS. The particular roles of these pivotal genes and mutually overlapping pathways may provide a basis for further mechanistic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Cui
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huina Zhang
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bangdong Gong
- Division of Rheumatology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hisham Al-Ward
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxuan Deng
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Orion Fan
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbang Wang
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenmin Zhu
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Eve Sun
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Li W, Zhao G, Jiao Z, Xiang C, Liang Y, Huang W, Nie P, Huang B. Nuclear import of IRF11 via the importin α/β pathway is essential for its antiviral activity. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:104649. [PMID: 36716904 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 11 (IRF11), an intriguing IRF member found only in fish species, has recently been shown to have antiviral properties that are dependent on its nuclear entry and DNA binding affinity. However, the mechanisms by which IRF11 enters the nucleus are unknown. In the present study, we found orthologs of IRF11 in lamprey and lancelet species by combining positional, phylogenetic and structural comparison data, showing that this gene has an ancient origin. The IRF11 gene (AjIRF11) from the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, was subsequently characterized, and it was found that AjIRF11 has antiviral activities against spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV), which are accomplished by regulating the production of type I IFN and IFN-stimulated genes. In addition to its known DNA binding residues in the α3 helix, two residues in Loop 1, His40 and Trp46, are also involved in DNA binding and activation of the IFN promoter. Using immunofluorescence microscopy and site-directed mutagenesis analysis, we confirmed that full nuclear localization of AjIRF11 requires the bipartite nuclear localization sequence (NLS) spanning residues 75 to 101, as well as the monopartite NLS situated between residues 119 and 122. Coimmunoprecipitation assays confirmed that AjIRF11 interacts with importin α via its NLSs and can also bind to importin β directly, implying that IRF11 can be imported to the nucleus by one or more transport receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Li
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Gejie Zhao
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zhiyuan Jiao
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Chao Xiang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Wenshu Huang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Pin Nie
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266237, China; School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China.
| | - Bei Huang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China.
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12
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von Bernuth A, Ribbat-Idel J, Klapper L, Jagomast T, Rades D, Leichtle A, Pries R, Bruchhage KL, Perner S, Offermann A, Sailer V, Idel C. TRIM21 Expression as a Prognostic Biomarker for Progression-Free Survival in HNSCC. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065140. [PMID: 36982215 PMCID: PMC10048917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) continue to have a rather poor prognosis. Treatment-related comorbidities have negative impacts on their quality of life. TRIM21 is a cytosolic E3 ubiquitin ligase that was initially described as an autoantigen in autoimmune diseases and later associated with the intracellular antiviral response. Here, we investigated the role of TRIM21 as a biomarker candidate for HNSCC in predicting tumor progression and patient survival. We analyzed TRIM21 expression and its association with clinical-pathological parameters in our HNSCC cohort using immunohistochemistry. Our HNSCC cohort included samples from 419 patients consisting of primary tumors (n = 337), lymph node metastases (n = 156), recurrent tumors (n = 54) and distant metastases (n = 16). We found that cytoplasmic TRIM21 expression was associated with the infiltration of immune cells into primary tumors. In addition, TRIM21 expression was significantly higher in primary tumors than in lymph node metastases, and increased TRIM21 expression was correlated with shorter progression-free survival in HNSCC patients. These results suggest that TRIM21 could be a new biomarker for progression-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie von Bernuth
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Julika Ribbat-Idel
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Luise Klapper
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Tobias Jagomast
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Dirk Rades
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Anke Leichtle
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ralph Pries
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Karl-Ludwig Bruchhage
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Sven Perner
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
- Pathology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Parkallee 1-40, 23845 Borstel, Germany
- Institute of Hematopathology & Medical Care Center Hanse Histologikum, Fangdieckstr. 75a, 22547 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Offermann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Verena Sailer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Christian Idel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany
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13
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Fu Z, Chen S, Zhu Y, Zhang D, Xie P, Jiao Q, Chi J, Xu S, Xue Y, Lu X, Song X, Cristofanilli M, Gradishar WJ, Kalinsky K, Yin Y, Zhang B, Wan Y. Proteolytic regulation of CD73 by TRIM21 orchestrates tumor immunogenicity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd6626. [PMID: 36608132 PMCID: PMC9821867 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite the rapid utilization of immunotherapy, emerging challenges to the current immune checkpoint blockade need to be resolved. Here, we report that elevation of CD73 levels due to its aberrant turnover is correlated with poor prognosis in immune-cold triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). We have identified TRIM21 as an E3 ligase that governs CD73 destruction. Disruption of TRIM21 stabilizes CD73 that in turn enhances CD73-catalyzed production of adenosine, resulting in the suppression of CD8+ T cell function. Replacement of lysine 133, 208, 262, and 321 residues by arginine on CD73 attenuated CD73 ubiquitylation and degradation. Diminishing of CD73 ubiquitylation remarkably promotes tumor growth and impedes antitumor immunity. In addition, a TRIM21high/CD73low signature in a subgroup of human breast malignancies was associated with a favorable immune profile. Collectively, our findings uncover a mechanism that governs CD73 proteolysis and point to a new therapeutic strategy by modulating CD73 ubiquitylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pharmacology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yueming Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Donghong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qiao Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Junlong Chi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pharmacology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shipeng Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pharmacology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yifan Xue
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xinxin Song
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - William J. Gradishar
- Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kevin Kalinsky
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yong Wan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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14
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Zhang L, Li Q, Yang J, Xu P, Xuan Z, Xu J, Xu Z. Cytosolic TGM2 promotes malignant progression in gastric cancer by suppressing the TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination/degradation of STAT1 in a GTP binding-dependent modality. CANCER COMMUNICATIONS (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 43:123-149. [PMID: 36353796 PMCID: PMC9859732 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have revealed the critical role of transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) as a potential therapeutic target in cancers, but the oncogenic roles and underlying mechanisms of TGM2 in gastric cancer (GC) are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the role and potential mechanism of TGM2 in GC. METHODS Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, CCK8, colony formation and transwell assays were used to measure TGM2 expression in the GC cells and tissues and to examine the in vitro role of TGM2 in GC. Xenograft and in vivo metastasis experiments were performed to examine the in vivo role of TGM2 in GC. Gene set enrichment analysis, quantitative PCR and western blotting were conducted to screen for potential TGM2 targets involved in GC. Gain/loss-of-function and rescue experiments were conducted to detect the biological roles of STAT1 in GC cells in the context of TGM2. Co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, quantitative PCR and western blotting were conducted to identify STAT1-interacting proteins and elucidate their regulatory mechanisms. Mutations in TGM2 and two molecules (ZM39923 and A23187) were used to identify the enzymatic activity of TGM2 involved in the malignant progression of GC and elucidate the underlying mechanism. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrated elevated TGM2 expression in the GC tissues, which closely related to pathological grade, and predicted poor survival in patients with GC. TGM2 overexpression or knockdown promoted (and inhibited) cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, which were reversed by STAT1 knockdown or overexpression. Further studies showed that TGM2 promoted GC progression by inhibiting STAT1 ubiquitination/degradation. Then, tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21) was identified as a ubiquitin E3 ligase of STAT1 in GC. TGM2 maintained STAT1 stability by facilitating the dissociation of TRIM21 and STAT1 with GTP-binding enzymatic activity. A23187 abolished the role of TGM2 in STAT1 and reversed the pro-tumor role of TGM2 in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a critical role and regulatory mechanism of TGM2 on STAT1 in GC and highlighted the potential of TGM2 as a therapeutic target, which elucidates the development of medicine or strategies by regulating the GTP-binding activity of TGM2 in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
| | - Qingya Li
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
| | - Penghui Xu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
| | - Zhe Xuan
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
| | - Jianghao Xu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu211166P. R. China
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15
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IRF9 and XAF1 as Diagnostic Markers of Primary Sjogren Syndrome. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1867321. [PMID: 36132546 PMCID: PMC9484944 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1867321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS) is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands. It is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. Genetic contributions and disturbed biological systems are the two major causes of pSS, but its etiology is unclear. This study is aimed at identifying potential pSS diagnostic markers and mechanisms at the transcriptome level. Methods. Whole blood datasets of patients with pSS were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the online tool, GEO2R. R software was used to perform enrichment analyses to understand the functions and enriched pathways of the DEGs. A protein–protein interaction network was constructed to identify hub genes and significant gene clusters. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression was used to screen pSS diagnostic markers. The expression level and diagnostic performance of the identified genes were tested using another GEO dataset. Results. A total of 221 DEGs were screened from the whole blood samples of 161 patients with pSS and 59 healthy controls. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that DEGs were mostly enriched in defense response to virus, response to virus, and type I interferon signaling pathway. Cytoscape identified 10 hub genes and two gene clusters. IRF9 (
) and XAF1 (
) were identified as pSS diagnostic markers. The expression levels of the two identified genes were validated by GSE51092. Conclusion. IRF9 and XAF1 were identified as diagnostic markers. The potential underlying molecular mechanism of pSS was explored.
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16
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Typiak M, Audzeyenka I, Dubaniewicz A. Presence and possible impact of Fcγ receptors on resident kidney cells in health and disease. Immunol Cell Biol 2022; 100:591-604. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Typiak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Gdansk Poland
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology University of Gdansk Gdansk Poland
| | - Irena Audzeyenka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Gdansk Poland
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdansk Gdansk Poland
| | - Anna Dubaniewicz
- Department of Pulmonology Medical University of Gdansk Gdansk Poland
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17
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Lin W, Wang Q, Chen Y, Wang N, Ni Q, Qi C, Wang Q, Zhu Y. Identification of a 6-RBP gene signature for a comprehensive analysis of glioma and ischemic stroke: Cognitive impairment and aging-related hypoxic stress. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:951197. [PMID: 36118697 PMCID: PMC9476601 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.951197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is mounting evidence that ischemic cerebral infarction contributes to vascular cognitive impairment and dementia in elderly. Ischemic stroke and glioma are two majorly fatal diseases worldwide, which promote each other's development based on some common underlying mechanisms. As a post-transcriptional regulatory protein, RNA-binding protein is important in the development of a tumor and ischemic stroke (IS). The purpose of this study was to search for a group of RNA-binding protein (RBP) gene markers related to the prognosis of glioma and the occurrence of IS, and elucidate their underlying mechanisms in glioma and IS. First, a 6-RBP (POLR2F, DYNC1H1, SMAD9, TRIM21, BRCA1, and ERI1) gene signature (RBPS) showing an independent overall survival prognostic prediction was identified using the transcriptome data from TCGA-glioma cohort (n = 677); following which, it was independently verified in the CGGA-glioma cohort (n = 970). A nomogram, including RBPS, 1p19q codeletion, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, grade, and age, was established to predict the overall survival of patients with glioma, convenient for further clinical transformation. In addition, an automatic machine learning classification model based on radiomics features from MRI was developed to stratify according to the RBPS risk. The RBPS was associated with immunosuppression, energy metabolism, and tumor growth of gliomas. Subsequently, the six RBP genes from blood samples showed good classification performance for IS diagnosis (AUC = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.902–0.997). The RBPS was associated with hypoxic responses, angiogenesis, and increased coagulation in IS. Upregulation of SMAD9 was associated with dementia, while downregulation of POLR2F was associated with aging-related hypoxic stress. Irf5/Trim21 in microglia and Taf7/Trim21 in pericytes from the mouse cerebral cortex were identified as RBPS-related molecules in each cell type under hypoxic conditions. The RBPS is expected to serve as a novel biomarker for studying the common mechanisms underlying glioma and IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiangwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yisheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Brain Center, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingbin Ni
- Postdoctoral Workstation, Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China
| | - Chunhua Qi
- Postdoctoral Workstation, Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Postdoctoral Workstation, Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Wang
| | - Yongjian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- College of Mathematical Medicine, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Yongjian Zhu
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18
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Zhou T, Zhu X, Ye Z, Wang YF, Yao C, Xu N, Zhou M, Ma J, Qin Y, Shen Y, Tang Y, Yin Z, Xu H, Zhang Y, Zang X, Ding H, Yang W, Guo Y, Harley JB, Namjou B, Kaufman KM, Kottyan LC, Weirauch MT, Hou G, Shen N. Lupus enhancer risk variant causes dysregulation of IRF8 through cooperative lncRNA and DNA methylation machinery. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1855. [PMID: 35388006 PMCID: PMC8987079 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29514-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite strong evidence that human genetic variants affect the expression of many key transcription factors involved in autoimmune diseases, establishing biological links between non-coding risk variants and the gene targets they regulate remains a considerable challenge. Here, we combine genetic, epigenomic, and CRISPR activation approaches to screen for functional variants that regulate IRF8 expression. We demonstrate that the locus containing rs2280381 is a cell-type-specific enhancer for IRF8 that spatially interacts with the IRF8 promoter. Further, rs2280381 mediates IRF8 expression through enhancer RNA AC092723.1, which recruits TET1 to the IRF8 promoter regulating IRF8 expression by affecting methylation levels. The alleles of rs2280381 modulate PU.1 binding and chromatin state to regulate AC092723.1 and IRF8 expression differentially. Our work illustrates an integrative strategy to define functional genetic variants that regulate the expression of critical genes in autoimmune diseases and decipher the mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of IRF8 expression mediated by lupus risk variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhou
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200032 China ,Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518040 China
| | - Xinyi Zhu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Zhizhong Ye
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518040 China
| | - Yong-Fei Wang
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Chao Yao
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Ning Xu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Mi Zhou
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Jianyang Ma
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Yuting Qin
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Yiwei Shen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Yuanjia Tang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518040 China
| | - Hong Xu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200127 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Xiaoli Zang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Huihua Ding
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Wanling Yang
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Ya Guo
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - John B. Harley
- grid.413848.20000 0004 0420 2128US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Bahram Namjou
- grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Kenneth M. Kaufman
- grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Leah C. Kottyan
- grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Matthew T. Weirauch
- grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Guojun Hou
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200032 China ,Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518040 China
| | - Nan Shen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200001 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200032 China ,Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518040 China ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
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19
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Tripartite-Motif 21 (TRIM21) Deficiency Results in a Modest Loss of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)-1 Surveillance in the Trigeminal Ganglia Following Cornea Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030589. [PMID: 35336995 PMCID: PMC8951137 DOI: 10.3390/v14030589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite-motif 21 (TRIM21) is thought to regulate the type I interferon (IFN) response to virus pathogens and serve as a cytosolic Fc receptor for immunoglobulin. Since herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 is sensitive to type I IFN and neutralizing antibody, we investigated the role of TRIM21 in response to ocular HSV-1 infection in mice. In comparison to wild type (WT) mice, TRIM21 deficient (TRIM21 KO) mice were found to be no more susceptible to ocular HSV-1 infection than WT animals, in terms of infectious virus recovered in the cornea. Similar pathology, in terms of neovascularization, opacity, and loss of peripheral vision function, was observed in both WT and TRIM21 KO mice. However, TRIM21 KO mice did possess a significant increase in infectious virus recovered in the trigeminal ganglia, in comparison to the WT animals. The increased susceptibility was not due to changes in HSV-1-specific CD4+ or CD8+ T cell numbers or functional capabilities, or in changes in type I IFN or IFN-inducible gene expression. In summary, the absence of TRIM21 results in a modest, but significant, increase in HSV-1 titers recovered from the TG of TRIM21 KO mice during acute infection, by a mechanism yet to be determined.
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20
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Proteomic profiling of MIS-C patients indicates heterogeneity relating to interferon gamma dysregulation and vascular endothelial dysfunction. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7222. [PMID: 34893640 PMCID: PMC8664884 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27544-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-system Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a major complication of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in pediatric patients. Weeks after an often mild or asymptomatic initial infection with SARS-CoV-2 children may present with a severe shock-like picture and marked inflammation. Children with MIS-C present with varying degrees of cardiovascular and hyperinflammatory symptoms. Here we perform a comprehensive analysis of the plasma proteome of more than 1400 proteins in children with SARS-CoV-2. We hypothesize that the proteome would reflect heterogeneity in hyperinflammation and vascular injury, and further identify pathogenic mediators of disease. We show that protein signatures demonstrate overlap between MIS-C, and the inflammatory syndromes macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). We demonstrate that PLA2G2A is an important marker of MIS-C that associates with TMA. We find that IFNγ responses are dysregulated in MIS-C patients, and that IFNγ levels delineate clinical heterogeneity.
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21
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Huang Y, Xiao Y, Zhang X, Huang X, Li Y. The Emerging Roles of Tripartite Motif Proteins (TRIMs) in Acute Lung Injury. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:1007126. [PMID: 34712740 PMCID: PMC8548118 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1007126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory disorder of the lung that causes high mortality and lacks any pharmacological intervention. Ubiquitination plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ALI as it regulates the alveolocapillary barrier and the inflammatory response. Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are one of the subfamilies of the RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligases, which contains more than 80 distinct members in humans involved in a broad range of biological processes including antivirus innate immunity, development, and tumorigenesis. Recently, some studies have shown that several members of TRIM family proteins play important regulatory roles in inflammation and ALI. Herein, we integrate emerging evidence regarding the roles of TRIMs in ALI. Articles were selected from the searches of PubMed database that had the terms "acute lung injury," "ubiquitin ligases," "tripartite motif protein," "inflammation," and "ubiquitination" using both MeSH terms and keywords. Better understanding of these mechanisms may ultimately lead to novel therapeutic approaches by targeting TRIMs for ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yue Xiao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xuekang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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22
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Jones EL, Laidlaw SM, Dustin LB. TRIM21/Ro52 - Roles in Innate Immunity and Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:738473. [PMID: 34552597 PMCID: PMC8450407 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.738473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIM21 (Ro52/SSA1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase with key roles in immune host defence, signal transduction, and possibly cell cycle regulation. It is also an autoantibody target in Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and other rheumatic autoimmune diseases. Here, we summarise the structure and function of this enzyme, its roles in innate immunity, adaptive immunity and cellular homeostasis, the pathogenesis of autoimmunity against TRIM21, and the potential impacts of autoantibodies to this intracellular protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther L Jones
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Laidlaw
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn B Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Guiteras J, Ripoll É, Bolaños N, De Ramon L, Fontova P, Lloberas N, Cruzado JM, Aràn JM, Aviñó A, Eritja R, Gomà M, Taco R, Grinyó JM, Torras J. The gene silencing of IRF5 and BLYSS effectively modulates the outcome of experimental lupus nephritis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:807-821. [PMID: 33996261 PMCID: PMC8105598 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a highly complex and heterogeneous autoimmune disease mostly mediated by B cells. It is characterized by circulating self-reactive antibodies that deposit and form immune complexes in kidney, leading to irreparable tissue damage and resulting in lupus nephritis. In a New Zealand Black X New Zealand White F1 mouse model, we tested two different small interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing treatments against interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) and B cell-activating factor (BLYSS) expression and their combination in a second set of animals. The administration of these two siRNAs separately prevented the progression of proteinuria and albuminuria at similar levels to that in cyclophosphamide animals. These treatments effectively resulted in a reduction of serum anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies and histopathological renal score compared with non-treated group. Treated groups showed macrophage, T cell, and B cell infiltrate reduction in renal tissue. Moreover, kidney gene expression analysis revealed that siRNA treatments modulated very few pathways in contrast to cyclophosphamide, despite showing similar therapeutic effects. Additionally, the combined therapy tested in a second set of animals, in which the disease appeared more virulent, exhibited better results than monotherapies in the disease progression, delaying the disease onset and ameliorating the disease outcome. Herein, we provide the potential therapeutic effect of both selective IRF5 and BLYSS silencing as an effective and potential treatment, particularly in early phases of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Guiteras
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, University of Barcelona and Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Élia Ripoll
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, University of Barcelona and Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bolaños
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, University of Barcelona and Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura De Ramon
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, University of Barcelona and Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Fontova
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, University of Barcelona and Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Lloberas
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, University of Barcelona and Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Cruzado
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, University of Barcelona and Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Aràn
- Immune-Inflammatory Processes and Gene Therapeutics Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Aviñó
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), CIBER-BBN, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Eritja
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), CIBER-BBN, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Gomà
- Pathology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosario Taco
- Pathology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Grinyó
- Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Torras
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, University of Barcelona and Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
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Cao X, Zhou Z, Tian Y, Liu Z, Cheng KO, Chen X, Hu W, Wong YM, Li X, Zhang H, Hu R, Huang P. Opposing roles of E3 ligases TRIM23 and TRIM21 in regulation of ion channel ANO1 protein levels. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100738. [PMID: 33957127 PMCID: PMC8191318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anoctamin-1 (ANO1) (TMEM16A) is a calcium-activated chloride channel that plays critical roles in diverse physiological processes, such as sensory transduction and epithelial secretion. ANO1 levels have been shown to be altered under physiological and pathological conditions, although the molecular mechanisms that control ANO1 protein levels remain unclear. The ubiquitin–proteasome system is known to regulate the levels of numerous ion channels, but little information is available regarding whether and how ubiquitination regulates levels of ANO1. Here, we showed that two E3 ligases, TRIM23 and TRIM21, physically interact with the C terminus of ANO1. In vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that whereas TRIM23 ubiquitinated ANO1 leading to its stabilization, TRIM21 ubiquitinated ANO1 and induced its degradation. Notably, ANO1 regulation by TRIM23 and TRIM21 is involved in chemical-induced pain sensation, salivary secretion, and heart-rate control in mice, and TRIM23 also mediates ANO1 upregulation induced by epidermal growth factor treatment. Our results suggest that these two antagonistic E3 ligases act together to control ANO1 expression and function. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism for regulating ANO1 protein levels and identify a potential molecular link between ANO1 regulation, epidermal growth factor, and other signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cao
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijing Zhou
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Tian
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengzhao Liu
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kar On Cheng
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xibing Chen
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbao Hu
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuk Ming Wong
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofen Li
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronggui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advance Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingbo Huang
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Hong Kong Branch of Guangdong Southern Marine Science and Engineering Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Diorio C, Shraim R, Vella LA, Giles JR, Baxter AE, Oldridge DA, Canna SW, Henrickson SE, McNerney KO, Balamuth F, Burudpakdee C, Lee J, Leng T, Farrell A, Lambert MP, Sullivan KE, John Wherry E, Teachey DT, Bassiri H, Behrens EM. Proteomic Profiling of MIS-C Patients Reveals Heterogeneity Relating to Interferon Gamma Dysregulation and Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2021:2021.04.13.21255439. [PMID: 33907759 PMCID: PMC8077582 DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.13.21255439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multi-system Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a major complication of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in pediatric patients. Weeks after an often mild or asymptomatic initial infection with SARS-CoV-2 children may present with a severe shock-like picture and marked inflammation. Children with MIS-C present with varying degrees of cardiovascular and hyperinflammatory symptoms. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the plasma proteome of more than 1400 proteins in children with SARS-CoV-2. We hypothesized that the proteome would reflect heterogeneity in hyperinflammation and vascular injury, and further identify pathogenic mediators of disease. Protein signatures demonstrated overlap between MIS-C, and the inflammatory syndromes macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). We demonstrate that PLA2G2A is a key marker of MIS-C that associates with TMA. We found that IFNγ responses are dysregulated in MIS-C patients, and that IFNγ levels delineate clinical heterogeneity.
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26
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Wang L, Ning S. TRIMming Type I Interferon-Mediated Innate Immune Response in Antiviral and Antitumor Defense. Viruses 2021; 13:279. [PMID: 33670221 PMCID: PMC7916971 DOI: 10.3390/v13020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tripartite motif (TRIM) family comprises at least 80 members in humans, with most having ubiquitin or SUMO E3 ligase activity conferred by their N-terminal RING domain. TRIMs regulate a wide range of processes in ubiquitination- or sumoylation-dependent manners in most cases, and fewer as adaptors. Their roles in the regulation of viral infections, autophagy, cell cycle progression, DNA damage and other stress responses, and carcinogenesis are being increasingly appreciated, and their E3 ligase activities are attractive targets for developing specific immunotherapeutic strategies for immune diseases and cancers. Given their importance in antiviral immune response, viruses have evolved sophisticated immune escape strategies to subvert TRIM-mediated mechanisms. In this review, we focus on their regulation of IFN-I-mediated innate immune response, which plays key roles in antiviral and antitumor defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA;
- Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Shunbin Ning
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA;
- Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
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27
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Xia X, Wang W, Yin K, Wang S. Interferon regulatory factor 8 governs myeloid cell development. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 55:48-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Guha A, Nag S, Ray PS. Negative feedback regulation by HuR controls TRIM21 expression and function in response to UV radiation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11753. [PMID: 32678213 PMCID: PMC7367240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68646-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 plays a crucial role as a negative regulator of innate immune responses. Recent evidence has also indicated the involvement of TRIM21 in the genotoxic stress response and suppressing tumorigenesis. Our previous work has demonstrated a new function of TRIM21 in inhibiting p53 protein synthesis by degrading the RNA-binding protein HuR in response to UV radiation. This suggested a pro-oncogenic role of TRIM21. In this study, we have shown that TRIM21 enhances the proliferation of MCF7 breast carcinoma cells and counteracts the decrease in cell proliferation and colony formation caused by UV-induced DNA damage. Further, this pro-oncogenic role of TRIM21 in response to DNA damage is mediated by its degradation of HuR. Conversely, we found that HuR binds to a U-rich element in the 3'UTR of TRIM21 mRNA and activates its translation, thereby constituting a negative feedback loop. We found that dihydrotanshinone-I (DHTS-I), a plant-derived product which prevents HuR binding to specific RNAs, prevented HuR-mediated upregulation of TRIM21, while increasing the HuR-mediated upregulation of p53. Together, these findings demonstrate a negative feedback regulation between TRIM21 and HuR, which may play an important role in regulating the level of p53 in the genotoxic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Guha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.,Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Sharanya Nag
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Partho Sarothi Ray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.
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29
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Mu T, Zhao X, Zhu Y, Fan H, Tang H. The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM21 Promotes HBV DNA Polymerase Degradation. Viruses 2020; 12:v12030346. [PMID: 32245233 PMCID: PMC7150939 DOI: 10.3390/v12030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family is an E3 ubiquitin ligase family. Recent reports have indicated that some TRIM proteins have antiviral functions, especially against retroviruses. However, most studies mainly focus on the relationship between TRIM21 and interferon or other antiviral effectors. The effect of TRIM21 on virus-encoded proteins remains unclear. In this study, we screened candidate interacting proteins of HBV DNA polymerase (Pol) by FLAG affinity purification and mass spectrometry assay and identified TRIM21 as its regulator. We used a coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) assay to demonstrate that TRIM21 interacted with the TP domain of HBV DNA Pol. In addition, TRIM21 promoted the ubiquitination and degradation of HBV DNA Pol using its RING domain, which has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Lys260 and Lys283 of HBV DNA Pol were identified as targets for ubiquitination mediated by TRIM21. Finally, we uncovered that TRIM21 degrades HBV DNA Pol to restrict HBV DNA replication, and its SPRY domain is critical for this activity. Taken together, our results indicate that TRIM21 suppresses HBV DNA replication mainly by promoting the ubiquitination of HBV DNA Pol, which may provide a new potential target for the treatment of HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hua Tang
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-22-2354-2503
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30
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Sjöstrand M, Carow B, Nyberg WA, Covacu R, Rottenberg ME, Espinosa A. TRIM21 controls Toll-like receptor 2 responses in bone-marrow-derived macrophages. Immunology 2019; 159:335-343. [PMID: 31755557 PMCID: PMC7011629 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TRIM21 is an interferon‐stimulated E3 ligase that controls the activity of pattern‐recognition signaling via ubiquitination of interferon regulatory factors and DDX41. Previous studies on the role of TRIM21 in innate immune responses have yielded contradictory results, suggesting that the role of TRIM21 is cell specific. Here, we report that bone‐marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) generated from Trim21−/− mice have reduced expression of mature macrophage markers. Reflecting their reduced differentiation in response to macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF), Trim21−/− BMDMs had decreased expression of M‐CSF signature genes. Although Trim21−/− BMDMs responded normally to Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9) activation, they produced lower levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in response to the TLR2 agonist PAM3CSK4. In line with this, the response to infection with the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin strain of Mycobacterium bovis was also diminished in Trim21−/− BMDMs. Our results indicate that TRIM21 controls responses to TLR2 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sjöstrand
- Unit of Rheumatology, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Berit Carow
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William A Nyberg
- Unit of Rheumatology, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ruxandra Covacu
- Unit of Neuroimmunology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin E Rottenberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Espinosa
- Unit of Rheumatology, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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31
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Cui J, Xu X, Li Y, Hu X, Xie Y, Tan J, Qiao W. TRIM14 expression is regulated by IRF-1 and IRF-2. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1413-1420. [PMID: 31150153 PMCID: PMC6668374 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif‐containing 14 (TRIM14) is a mitochondrial adaptor that promotes innate immune signaling and plays important roles in antiviral defense. Expression of TRIM14 is induced by interferon (IFN)‐I. However, the mechanism by which IFN‐I induces TRIM14 production is not yet determined. In this study, we have examined the function of TRIM14 promoter and found that a GC box and an IFN‐stimulated response element (ISRE) are necessary for the basal level transcription of TRIM14. We further observed that IFN‐I activates the TRIM14 promoter through the ISRE. In particular, interferon regulatory factor (IRF)‐1 and IRF‐2 bind to the TRIM14 promoter and activate transcription of TRIM14. Moreover, knockdown of IRF‐1 reduces the stimulation of TRIM14 transcription by IFN‐α, suggesting that IRF‐1 is involved in the activation of TRIM14 by IFN‐I. IRF‐2 has little effect on IFN‐α‐induced TRIM14 transcription but is essential for the basal transcription of TRIM14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yutong Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingpeng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wentao Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Type I interferon signaling, regulation and gene stimulation in chronic virus infection. Semin Immunol 2019; 43:101277. [PMID: 31155227 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type I Interferons (IFN-I) mediate numerous immune interactions during viral infections, from the establishment of an antiviral state to invoking and regulating innate and adaptive immune cells that eliminate infection. While continuous IFN-I signaling plays critical roles in limiting virus replication during both acute and chronic infections, sustained IFN-I signaling also leads to chronic immune activation, inflammation and, consequently, immune exhaustion and dysfunction. Thus, an understanding of the balance between the desirable and deleterious effects of chronic IFN-I signaling will inform our quest for IFN-based therapies for chronic viral infections as well as other chronic diseases, including cancer. As such the factors involved in induction, propagation and regulation of IFN-I signaling, from the initial sensing of viral nucleotides within the cell to regulatory downstream signaling factors and resulting IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) have received significant research attention. This review summarizes recent work on IFN-I signaling in chronic infections, and provides an update on therapeutic approaches being considered to counter such infections.
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Robbins A, Hentzien M, Toquet S, Didier K, Servettaz A, Pham BN, Giusti D. Diagnostic Utility of Separate Anti-Ro60 and Anti-Ro52/TRIM21 Antibody Detection in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:444. [PMID: 30915082 PMCID: PMC6423153 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-SS-A antibodies are often sought for in autoimmune diseases diagnosis. Two different target proteins have actually been identified: Ro52 and Ro60. Clinical and immunological associations seem different depending on anti-Ro52 or anti-Ro60 antibodies presence. However, due to a heterogeneous presentation in the literature, some immunology laboratories in France have stopped providing anti-Ro52 antibody findings. We report here a new hospital study designed to determine the diagnostic utility of the separate detection of anti-Ro52 and anti-Ro60 antibodies. We conducted a retrospective, observational study, including every adult patient with positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) tested in our immunology laboratory, and associated with anti-Ro52 and/or anti-Ro60 antibodies, between 2011 and 2014. Out of 13032 sera tested for ANA, 399 adults had antibodies to Ro52 and/or Ro60; 81.7% were female, with a mean age of 54.5 ± 17.0 years. Anti-Ro52 antibodies were found in 75.7% of the patients and anti-Ro60 antibodies in 56.9%. Among them, 43.1% were classified in the Ro52 + Ro60- group, 32.6% in the Ro52 + Ro60 + group and 24.3% in the Ro52-Ro60+ group. In the Ro52-Ro60+ group, systemic lupus was the most frequent diagnosis (48.5%), with a possible association with antiphospholipid antibodies (anti-cardiolipin antibodies: OR 2.5 (CI95 [1.0-5.0], p = 0.05) and lupus anticoagulant {OR 3.6 (CI95 [1.10-10.0] p = 0.02)}. In the Ro52+Ro60+, primary Sjögren Syndrome was the most likely (OR 4.2 95% CI [2.1-8.3] p < 10-4), especially in patients Ro52+Ro60+La+. Patients with isolated anti-Ro52 had a wider variety of diseases associated, but among auto-immune diseases they were more prone to inflammatory myositis (OR 10.5 [1.4-81.7], p = 0.02) and inflammatory rheumatism (OR 4.6 [1.6-13.8], p = 0.006) in contrast to systemic lupus (OR 0.2 [0.1-0.3], p < 10-4) or primary Sjögren's syndrome (OR 0.1 [0.06-0.2], p < 10-4). We therefore suggest that, when anti-ENA antibodies are prescribed, it should include separate anti-Ro52 and anti-Ro60 antibodies determination. To go even further, we would like to suggest a change in ENA nomenclature to avoid confusion, abandoning the anti-SS-A label in favor of the anti-Ro52/TRIM21 or anti-Ro60 antibody for a clearer designation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailsa Robbins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, and Clinical Immunology, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims University Hospitals, Reims, France
| | - Maxime Hentzien
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, and Clinical Immunology, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims University Hospitals, Reims, France
| | - Segolene Toquet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims University Hospitals, Reims, France
| | - Kevin Didier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, and Clinical Immunology, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims University Hospitals, Reims, France.,Laboratory of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Amelie Servettaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, and Clinical Immunology, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims University Hospitals, Reims, France.,Laboratory of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Bach-Nga Pham
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Laboratory of Immunology, Reims University Hospital, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Delphine Giusti
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Laboratory of Immunology, Reims University Hospital, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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Jin Y, Zhang Y, Li B, Zhang J, Dong Z, Hu X, Wan Y. TRIM21 mediates ubiquitination of Snail and modulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 124:846-853. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Bodewes ILA, Björk A, Versnel MA, Wahren-Herlenius M. Innate immunity and interferons in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 60:2561-2573. [PMID: 30770713 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary SS (pSS) is a rheumatic disease characterized by an immune-mediated exocrinopathy, resulting in severe dryness of eyes and mouth. Systemic symptoms include fatigue and joint pain and a subset of patients develop more severe disease with multi-organ involvement. Accumulating evidence points to involvement of innate immunity and aberrant activity of the type I IFN system in both the initiation and propagation of this disease. Analysis of the activity of IFN-inducible genes has evidenced that more than half of pSS patients present with a so-called 'type I IFN signature'. In this review, we examine activation of the IFN system in pSS patients and how this may drive autoimmunity through various immune cells. We further discuss the clinical value of assessing IFN activity as a biomarker in pSS patients and review novel therapies targeting IFN signalling and their potential use in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris L A Bodewes
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albin Björk
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marjan A Versnel
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Wahren-Herlenius
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Signalling pathways identified in salivary glands from primary Sjögren's syndrome patients reveal enhanced adipose tissue development. Autoimmunity 2018; 51:135-146. [PMID: 29504848 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2018.1446525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A characteristic feature of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is the destruction of salivary and lacrimal glands mediated by mononuclear cell infiltration. Adipocytes can also occupy a large portion of the salivary gland (SG) tissue area, although little is known about their significance in pSS. We have previously investigated adipose tissue infiltration in SG biopsies from pSS patients and non-SS sicca controls. Our findings indicated the distinct incidence of adipose tissue replacement in pSS patients, where adipocytes were detected in interleukin (IL) 6 rich regions. We now aimed to examine the development of adipocytes in the SG microenvironment, and delineate their possible involvement in immune reactions. A microarray analysis was performed on SG from 6 pSS patients and 6 non-SS controls, where the expression levels of genes involved in adipose tissue development, inflammatory responses, and lymphoma development were assessed. Real-time PCR was carried out on SG from 14 pSS patients and 15 non-SS controls to account for IL6, IL10, and IL17 mRNA levels. Immunohistochemical staining of frozen SG tissue using IL17 was also conducted. Our results indicate signalling pathways identified in SG of pSS patients displayed genes leading to prominent adipose tissue development and reduced mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation (ARID5B, OXCT1, BDH1, SOX8, HMGCS2, FTO, ECHS1, PCCA, ACADL and ACADVL), inflammatory responses (IL1R1, IL7R, IL10RA, IL15, IL18RAP, CCL2, CCL5, CCL22, CXCR6, CD14, and CD48), and lymphoma development via JAK-STAT signalling (STAT2, TYK2, EBI3, FAS, TNFRSF1B, MAP3K8, HMOX1, LTB, TNF, STAT1, and BAK1). Genes involved in interferon production and signalling were also detected (IRF1, IRF9, and IRF7), in addition to IL6, IL10, and IL17. Higher mRNA levels of IL6, IL17 and IL10 were observed in the SG of pSS patients compared to controls. Moreover, IL17 positive cells were detected mostly interstitially in the SG and around adipocytes, also within the focal infiltrates. In conclusion, adipocyte development seems to be more prominent in the SG of pSS patients, where adipose tissue replacement is also evident. Whether this is due to disease progression, or the repair process, remains to be investigated. Detection of IL17 positive adipocytes in the target organ suggests their involvement in immune reactions.
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Yahya M, Rulli M, Toivonen L, Waris M, Peltola V. Detection of Host Response to Viral Respiratory Infection by Measurement of Messenger RNA for MxA, TRIM21, and Viperin in Nasal Swabs. J Infect Dis 2017; 216:1099-1103. [PMID: 28968760 PMCID: PMC7107421 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viruses frequently cause symptomatic infections in children but are often detected also in healthy children. We investigated myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA), viperin, and tripartite-motif 21 (TRIM21) messenger RNA indexes in nasal swabs as potential biomarkers of viral respiratory infection in children. Respiratory viruses were detected by polymerase chain reaction in the same swabs. Nasal MxA and viperin indexes were increased in symptomatic virus-positive children. Nasal viperin index was found to be a robust marker of viral respiratory tract infection with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 94% in distinguishing children with symptomatic virus infections from asymptomatic virus-negative children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Yahya
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Maris Rulli
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Toivonen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Waris
- Department of Clinical Virology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Peltola
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
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38
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Chistiakov DA, Myasoedova VA, Revin VV, Orekhov AN, Bobryshev YV. The impact of interferon-regulatory factors to macrophage differentiation and polarization into M1 and M2. Immunobiology 2017; 223:101-111. [PMID: 29032836 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mononuclear phagocytes control the body homeostasis through the involvement in resolving tissue injury and further wound healing. Indeed, local tissue microenvironmental changes can significantly influence the functional behavior of monocytes and macrophages. Such microenvironmental changes for example occur in an atherosclerotic plaque during all progression stages. In response to exogenous stimuli, macrophages show a great phenotypic plasticity and heterogeneity. Exposure of monocytes to inflammatory or anti-inflammatory conditions also induces predominant differentiation to proinflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophage subsets and phenotype switch between macrophage subsets. The phenotype transition is accompanied with great changes in the macrophage transcriptome and regulatory networks. Interferon-regulatory factors (IRFs) play a key role in hematopoietic development of monocytes, their differentiation to macrophages, and regulating macrophage maturation, phenotypic polarization, phenotypic switch, and function. Of 9 IRFs, at least 3 (IRF-1, IRF-5, and IRF-8) are involved in the commitment of proinflammatory M1 whereas IRF-3 and IRF-4 control M2 polarization. The role of IRF-2 is context-dependent. The IRF impact on macrophage phenotype plasticity and heterogeneity is complex and involves activating and repressive function in triggering transcription of target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitry A Chistiakov
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia; Department of Molecular Genetic Diagnostics and Cell Biology, Institute of Pediatrics, Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Veronika A Myasoedova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor V Revin
- Biological Faculty, N.P. Ogaryov Mordovian State University, Republic of Mordovia, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri V Bobryshev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW, Sydney, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.
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The TRIMendous Role of TRIMs in Virus-Host Interactions. Vaccines (Basel) 2017; 5:vaccines5030023. [PMID: 28829373 PMCID: PMC5620554 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines5030023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate antiviral response is integral in protecting the host against virus infection. Many proteins regulate these signaling pathways including ubiquitin enzymes. The ubiquitin-activating (E1), -conjugating (E2), and -ligating (E3) enzymes work together to link ubiquitin, a small protein, onto other ubiquitin molecules or target proteins to mediate various effector functions. The tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family is a group of E3 ligases implicated in the regulation of a variety of cellular functions including cell cycle progression, autophagy, and innate immunity. Many antiviral signaling pathways, including type-I interferon and NF-κB, are TRIM-regulated, thus influencing the course of infection. Additionally, several TRIMs directly restrict viral replication either through proteasome-mediated degradation of viral proteins or by interfering with different steps of the viral replication cycle. In addition, new studies suggest that TRIMs can exert their effector functions via the synthesis of unconventional polyubiquitin chains, including unanchored (non-covalently attached) polyubiquitin chains. TRIM-conferred viral inhibition has selected for viruses that encode direct and indirect TRIM antagonists. Furthermore, new evidence suggests that the same antagonists encoded by viruses may hijack TRIM proteins to directly promote virus replication. Here, we describe numerous virus–TRIM interactions and novel roles of TRIMs during virus infections.
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40
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Enhancement of Th1/Th17 inflammation by TRIM21 in Behçet's disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3018. [PMID: 28592884 PMCID: PMC5462739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03251-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of Behçet's disease (BD), a chronic, multisystemic autoinflammatory and autoimmune disease, remains unknown; however, researchers have postulated that infectious agents, such as herpes simplex virus, are significant triggering factors of BD. Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) proteins exhibit antiviral properties, mediating antiviral defense mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate TRIM21 protein expression in the monocytes of BD patients and to identify the role of TRIM21 in immune dysregulation in BD. In this study, the expression of TRIM21 and related molecules, including interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), was analyzed in monocytes from BD patients. Functional analyses using small interfering RNA and co-culture with responder T cells were performed to examine the pathological role of TRIM21 in BD. Peripheral blood monocytes from BD patients showed increased TRIM21 expression and decreased IRF8 expression compared with that in monocytes from healthy controls. TRIM21 was found to decrease IRF8 expression. BD monocytes facilitated Th1 and Th17 differentiation of co-cultured T cells, and knock-down of TRIM21 expression by small interfering RNA inhibited this differentiation. In conclusion, TRIM21 played a pivotal role in regulating the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in monocytes of BD patients.
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41
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Liu Y, Xu M, Min X, Wu K, Zhang T, Li K, Xiao S, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 Activation Participates in Ro52-Mediated Photosensitization in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2017; 8:651. [PMID: 28620393 PMCID: PMC5449764 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) binds to its sole receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), participating in various inflammatory responses. Recently, TWEAK/Fn14 activation was found prominent in the lesions of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). This study was designed to further reveal the potential role of this pathway in Ro52-mediated photosensitization. TWEAK, Fn14, and Ro52 were determined in the skin lesions of patients with CLE. Murine keratinocytes received ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation or plus TWEAK stimulation and underwent detection for Ro52 and proinflammatory cytokines. The chemotaxis of J774.2 macrophages was evaluated on TWEAK stimulation of cocultured keratinocytes. We found that TWEAK, Fn14, and downstream cytokines were highly expressed in CLE lesions that overexpressed Ro52. Moreover, TWEAK enhanced the UVB-induced Ro52 upregulation in murine keratinocytes. Meanwhile, TWEAK stimulation of keratinocytes favored the migration of macrophages through promoting the production of chemokine C–C motif ligands 17 and 22. Furthermore, Fn14 siRNA transfection or nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inhibitor abrogated the TWEAK enhancement of Ro52 expression in keratinocytes. Similarly, TNF receptor associated factor 2 (TRAF2) siRNA reduced the protein level of Ro52 in these cells upon TWEAK stimulation. Interestingly, UVB irradiation increased the expression of TNF receptor type 1 (TNFR1) but not affecting TNFR2 expression in keratinocytes. In conclusion, the TWEAK/Fn14 signaling participates in Ro52-mediated photosensitization and involves the activation of NF-κB pathway as well as the function of the TRAF2/TNFR partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yale Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyun Min
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kunyi Wu
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Li
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengxiang Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Karwacz K, Miraldi ER, Pokrovskii M, Madi A, Yosef N, Wortman I, Chen X, Watters A, Carriero N, Awasthi A, Regev A, Bonneau R, Littman D, Kuchroo VK. Critical role of IRF1 and BATF in forming chromatin landscape during type 1 regulatory cell differentiation. Nat Immunol 2017; 18:412-421. [PMID: 28166218 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1 cells) are induced by interleukin-27 (IL-27) and have critical roles in the control of autoimmunity and resolution of inflammation. We found that the transcription factors IRF1 and BATF were induced early on after treatment with IL-27 and were required for the differentiation and function of Tr1 cells in vitro and in vivo. Epigenetic and transcriptional analyses revealed that both transcription factors influenced chromatin accessibility and expression of the genes required for Tr1 cell function. IRF1 and BATF deficiencies uniquely altered the chromatin landscape, suggesting that these factors serve a pioneering function during Tr1 cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Karwacz
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emily R Miraldi
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA.,Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria Pokrovskii
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Asaf Madi
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nir Yosef
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Ivo Wortman
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aaron Watters
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicholas Carriero
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Center for Human Microbial Ecology, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (an autonomous institute of Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard Bonneau
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dan Littman
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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43
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Zhan FB, Liu H, Lai RF, Jakovlić I, Wang WM. Expression and functional characterization of interferon regulatory factors (irf2, irf7 and irf9) in the blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 67:239-248. [PMID: 27677680 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (irfs) are a family of genes that encode transcription factors with important roles in regulating the expression of Type I interferons (IFNs) and other genes associated with related pathways. irfs have multitudinous functions in growth, development and regulation of oncogenesis. In this study, three irf family members (irf2, irf7, irf9) were identified and characterized in Megalobrama amblycephala at the mRNA and amino acid levels. M. amblycephala irfs share a high sequence homology with other vertebrate irfs. Constitutive expression levels of the three genes were detected (using qPCR) in all studied tissues: low to medium in kidney, gills, heart and muscle, and high in liver, spleen, intestine and blood. qPCR was also used to analyze the dynamic expression patterns of irfs in different embryonic development stages: irf2 is not activated during the embryonic development, whereas irf9 appears to play important roles around hatching and during the larval development. Transcripts of all three studied irfs were upregulated after stimulation by Aeromonas hydrophila bacterium in liver, spleen, head kidney and trunk kidney, whereas downregulation was observed in intestine and gills. The results show that these three irfs are likely to be important factors in the blunt snout bream immune system. They also provide a foundation for studying the origin and evolution of the innate immune system in the blunt snout bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Bin Zhan
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education / Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Han Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education / Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rui-Fang Lai
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education / Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ivan Jakovlić
- Bio-Transduction Lab, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, China
| | - Wei-Min Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education / Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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44
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Gómez-Martín D, Galindo-Feria AS, Barrera-Vargas A, Merayo-Chalico J, Juárez-Vega G, Torres-Ruiz J, Alcocer-Varela J. Ro52/TRIM21-deficient expression and function in different subsets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with a proinflammatory cytokine response in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 188:154-162. [PMID: 27936488 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of anti-Ro52/tripartite motif 21 (Trim21) autoantibodies has been associated with a distinctive clinical profile and has gained value as a prognostic marker in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). The aim of the present work was to analyse Ro52/Trim21 expression in different subsets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with IIM, as well as the ubiquitination profile and its association with proinflammatory cytokine production. We included 18 patients with recent-onset IIM and 18 age- and gender-matched healthy donors. PBMCs were isolated and different subsets (CD4+ , CD8+ , CD14+ ) were purified by magnetic selection. The expression of Ro52/Trim21 in different PBMC subsets of patients with IIM and healthy donors was analysed by Western blot. We assessed the presence of myositis-specific and associated autoantibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cytokine levels were measured by cytometric bead array. Patients with IIM showed decreased protein expression of Ro52/Trim21 in comparison to healthy controls in PBMC (0·97 ± 0·60 versus 1·84 ± 0·92, P = 0·016), CD4+ lymphocytes (0·79 ± 0·54 versus 2·41 ± 0·78, P = 0·017), and monocytes (0·87 ± 0·35 versus 1·89 ± 0·20, P < 0·001). There were no significant differences among IIM groups. Also, a lower K48-mediated ubiquitination profile was found, predominantly in CD4+ lymphocytes. Furthermore, after mitogenic stimulation, there was a higher synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines by T cells [interleukin (IL)-17A and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α] and monocytes [IL-6 and interferon (IFN)-α] from IIM patients compared with healthy controls. Our data suggest that patients with IIM, mainly DM, are characterized by a deficient expression of Ro52/TRIM21 in different PBMC subsets (CD4+ lymphocytes and monocytes), along with lower K48-mediated ubiquitination, which is associated with a proinflammatory cytokine response.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gómez-Martín
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubirán, Mexico
| | - A S Galindo-Feria
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubirán, Mexico
| | - A Barrera-Vargas
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubirán, Mexico
| | - J Merayo-Chalico
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubirán, Mexico
| | - G Juárez-Vega
- Research Support Network, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubirán-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (CIC-UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Torres-Ruiz
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubirán, Mexico
| | - J Alcocer-Varela
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubirán, Mexico
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Role of SUMO activating enzyme in cancer stem cell maintenance and self-renewal. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12326. [PMID: 27465491 PMCID: PMC4974481 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have key roles in treatment resistance, tumour metastasis and relapse. Using colorectal cancer (CC) cell lines, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tissues and patient tissues, here we report that CC CSCs, which resist chemoradiation, have higher SUMO activating enzyme (E1) and global SUMOylation levels than non-CSCs. Knockdown of SUMO E1 or SUMO conjugating enzyme (E2) inhibits CC CSC maintenance and self-renewal, while overexpression of SUMO E1 or E2 increases CC cell stemness. We found that SUMOylation regulates CSCs through Oct-1, a transcription factor for aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs). ALDH activity is not only a marker for CSCs but also important in CSC biology. SUMO does not modify Oct-1 directly, but regulates the expression of TRIM21 that enhances Oct-1 ubiquitination and, consequently, reducing Oct-1 stability. In summary, our findings suggest that SUMOylation could be a target to inhibit CSCs and ultimately to reduce treatment resistance, tumour metastasis and relapse. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have key roles in tumor initiation and metastasis. Here, the authors show that the SUMO E1 and global sumoylation levels are high in colorectal CSCs and that depletion of the catalytic subunit of the SUMO E1, SAE2, affects CSCs self-renewal through TRIM21-mediated degradation of the Oct1, a transcription factor for ALDH.
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Fusion of the mouse IgG1 Fc domain to the VHH fragment (ARP1) enhances protection in a mouse model of rotavirus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30171. [PMID: 27439689 PMCID: PMC4954977 DOI: 10.1038/srep30171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A variable fragment of a heavy chain antibody (VHH) directed against rotavirus, also referred to as anti-rotavirus protein 1 (ARP1), was shown to confer protection against rotavirus induced diarrhea in infant mouse model of rotavirus induced diarrhea. In this study, we have fused the mouse IgG1 Fc to ARP1 to improve the protective capacity of ARP1 by inducing an Fc-mediated effector function. We have shown that the Fc-ARP1 fusion protein confers significantly increased protection against rotavirus in a neonatal mouse model of rotavirus-induced diarrhea by reducing the prevalence, duration and severity of diarrhea and the viral load in the small intestines, suggesting that the Fc part of immunoglobulins may be engaged in Fc-mediated neutralization of rotavirus. Engineered conventional-like antibodies, by fusion of the Fc part of immunoglobulins to antigen-specific heavy-chain only VHH fragments, might be applied to novel antibody-based therapeutic approaches to enhance elimination of pathogens by activation of distinct effector signaling pathways.
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Sjöstrand M, Johansson A, Aqrawi L, Olsson T, Wahren-Herlenius M, Espinosa A. The Expression of BAFF Is Controlled by IRF Transcription Factors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 196:91-6. [PMID: 26590315 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) are typically characterized by the presence of autoantibodies and an IFN-signature. The strength of the IFN-signature positively correlates with disease severity, suggesting that type I IFNs are active players in these diseases. BAFF is a cytokine critical for development and proper selection of B cells, and the targeting of BAFF has emerged as a successful treatment strategy of SLE. Previous reports have suggested that BAFF expression is directly induced by type I IFNs, but the precise mechanism for this remains unknown. In this article, we demonstrate that BAFF is a bona fide ISG and that IFN regulatory factors (IRFs) control the expression of BAFF. We identify IRF1 and IRF2 as positive regulators of BAFF transcription and IRF4 and IRF8 as potent repressors; in addition, we have mapped the precise binding site for these factors in the BAFF promoter. IFN-β injections induced BAFF expression mainly in neutrophils and monocytes, and BAFF expression in neutrophils from pSS patients strongly correlated with the strength of the IFN-signature. In summary, we show that BAFF expression is directly induced by type I IFNs via IRF1 and IRF2, whereas IRF4 and IRF8 are negative regulators of BAFF expression. These data suggest that type I IFN blockade in SLE and pSS patients will lead to downregulation of BAFF and a consequential reduction of autoreactive B cell clones and autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sjöstrand
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alina Johansson
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lara Aqrawi
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, The Gade Institute, University of Bergen, N-5201 Bergen, Norway; and
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Unit of Neuroimmunology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Wahren-Herlenius
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Espinosa
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden;
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Brauner S, Zhou W, Backlin C, Green TM, Folkersen L, Ivanchenko M, Löfström B, Xu-Monette ZY, Young KH, Møller Pedersen L, Boe Møller M, Sundström C, Enblad G, Baecklund E, Wahren-Herlenius M. Reduced expression of TRIM21/Ro52 predicts poor prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients with and without rheumatic disease. J Intern Med 2015; 278:323-32. [PMID: 25880119 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE TRIM21 (also known as Ro52) is an autoantigen in rheumatic disease and is predominantly expressed in leucocytes. Overexpression is associated with decreased proliferation, and the TRIM21 gene maps to a tumour suppressor locus. We therefore investigated the expression of TRIM21 in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and its potential usefulness as a prognostic biomarker. MATERIALS AND METHODS TRIM21 expression levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry in lymphoma biopsies from three cohorts of patients with DLBCL: 42 patients with rheumatic disease treated with a cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and prednisone (CHOP)-like regimen, 76 CHOP-treated and 196 rituximab-CHOP-treated nonrheumatic patients. Expression was correlated with clinical and biomedical parameters. TRIM21 expression was assessed in relation to lymphocyte proliferation by quantitative PCR and correlated with (3) H-thymidine incorporation and propidium iodine staining. RESULTS TRIM21 expression levels differed in the lymphomas compared to normal lymphoid tissue, with reduced expression correlating with shorter overall survival in all three cohorts. In the two larger cohorts, progression-free survival was assessed and was also found to correlate with TRIM21 expression. The association was independent of commonly used clinical prognostic scores, lymphoma subtype and several previously reported prognostic biomarkers. In agreement with this clinical observation, we noted an inverse correlation between TRIM21 expression and proliferation of leucocytes in vitro. CONCLUSIONS We show that loss of TRIM21 expression is associated with more aggressive lymphoma and increased proliferation, whereas maintenance of TRIM21 expression is associated with better prognosis in patients with DLBCL. Based on our findings, we suggest that TRIM21 should be considered as a novel biomarker for lymphoma characterization and for predicting patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Brauner
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - W Zhou
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Backlin
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - T M Green
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - L Folkersen
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Ivanchenko
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Löfström
- Rheumatology Clinic, Malar Hospital, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - Z Y Xu-Monette
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - M Boe Møller
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - C Sundström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G Enblad
- Unit of Oncology, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E Baecklund
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Wahren-Herlenius
- Unit of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Aqrawi LA, Kvarnström M, Brokstad KA, Jonsson R, Skarstein K, Wahren-Herlenius M. Ductal epithelial expression of Ro52 correlates with inflammation in salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 177:244-52. [PMID: 24673429 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ro52 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase with a prominent regulatory role in inflammation. The protein is a common target of circulating autoantibodies in rheumatic autoimmune diseases, particularly Sjögren's syndrome (SS). In this study we aimed to investigate the expression of the SS target autoantigen Ro52 in salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Ro52 expression was assessed by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded and frozen salivary gland biopsies from 28 pSS patients and 19 non-pSS controls from Swedish and Norwegian registries, using anti-human Ro52 monoclonal antibodies. The degree and pattern of staining and inflammation was then evaluated. Furthermore, secreted Ro52 protein was measured in saliva and serum samples from the same individuals through a catch-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Ro52 was highly expressed in all the focal infiltrates in pSS patients. Interestingly, a significantly higher degree of Ro52 expression in ductal epithelium was observed in the patients compared to the non-pSS controls (P < 0·03). Moreover, the degree of ductal epithelial expression of Ro52 correlated with the level of inflammation (Spearman's r = 0·48, P < 0·0120). However, no secreted Ro52 protein could be detected in serum and saliva samples of these subjects. Ro52 expression in ductal epithelium coincides with degree of inflammation and is up-regulated in pSS patients. High expression of Ro52 might result in the breakage of tolerance and generation of Ro52 autoantibodies in genetically susceptible individuals. We conclude that the up-regulation of Ro52 in ductal epithelium might be a triggering factor for disease progression in SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Aqrawi
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Manocha GD, Mishra R, Sharma N, Kumawat KL, Basu A, Singh SK. Regulatory role of TRIM21 in the type-I interferon pathway in Japanese encephalitis virus-infected human microglial cells. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:24. [PMID: 24485101 PMCID: PMC3922089 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection leads to Japanese encephalitis (JE) in humans. JEV is transmitted through mosquitoes and maintained in a zoonotic cycle. This cycle involves pigs as the major reservoir, water birds as carriers and mosquitoes as vectors. JEV invasion into the central nervous system (CNS) may occur via antipodal transport of virions or through the vascular endothelial cells. Microglial cells get activated in response to pathogenic insults. JEV infection induces the innate immune response and triggers the production of type I interferons. The signaling pathway of type I interferon production is regulated by a number of molecules. TRIM proteins are known to regulate the expression of interferons; however, the involvement of TRIM genes and their underlying mechanism during JEV infection are not known. Methods Human microglial cells (CHME3) were infected with JEV to understand the role of TRIM21 in JEV infection and its effect on type I interferon (IFN-β) production. Cells were infected in presence and absence of exogenous TRIM21 as well as after knocking down the TRIM21 mRNA. Levels of activated IRF3 expression were measured through Western blot analyses of anti-p-IRF3 antibody, and IFN-β production was measured by using IFN-β real-time PCR and luciferase activity analyses. Results JEV infection increased expression of TRIM21 in CHME3 cells. JEV induced an innate immune response by increasing production of IFN-β via IRF3 activation and phosphorylation. Overexpression of TRIM21 resulted in downregulation of p-IRF3 and IFN-β, while silencing led to increased production of p-IRF3 and IFN-β in JEV-infected CHME3 cells. Conclusion This report demonstrates TRIM21 as a negative regulator of interferon-β (IFN-β) production mediated by IRF-3 during JEV infection in human microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sunit K Singh
- Laboratory of Neurovirology and Inflammation Biology, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), New R&D Building-1st Floor, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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