1
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Halpert MM, Burns BA, Rosario SR, Withers HG, Trivedi AJ, Hofferek CJ, Gephart BD, Wang H, Vazquez-Perez J, Amanya SB, Hyslop ST, Yang J, Kemnade JO, Sandulache VC, Konduri V, Decker WK. Multifactoral immune modulation potentiates durable remission in multiple models of aggressive malignancy. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23644. [PMID: 38738472 PMCID: PMC11155525 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302675r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Tumors typically lack canonical danger signals required to activate adaptive immunity and also frequently employ substantial immunomodulatory mechanisms that downregulate adaptive responses and contribute to escape from immune surveillance. Given the variety of mechanisms involved in shielding tumors from immune recognition, it is not surprising that single-agent immunomodulatory approaches have been largely unsuccessful in generating durable antitumor responses. Here we report a unique combination of immunomodulatory and cytostatic agents that recondition the tumor microenvironment and eliminate complex and/or poor-prognosis tumor types including the non-immunogenic 4T-1 model of TNBC, the aggressive MOC-2 model of HNSCC, and the high-risk MYCN-amplified model of neuroblastoma. A course of therapy optimized for TNBC cured a majority of tumors in both ectopic and orthotopic settings and eliminated metastatic spread in all animals tested at the highest doses. Immune responses were transferable between therapeutic donor and naïve recipient through adoptive transfer, and a sizeable abscopal effect on distant, untreated lesions could be demonstrated experimentally. Similar results were observed in HNSCC and neuroblastoma models, with characteristic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment documented in all model systems. scRNA-seq analysis implicated upregulation of innate immune responses and antigen presentation in tumor cells and the myeloid cell compartment as critical early events. This analysis also highlighted the potential importance of the autonomic nervous system in the governance of inflammatory processes. The data indicate that the targeting of multiple pathways and mechanisms of action can result in substantial synergistic antitumor effects and suggest follow-up in the neoadjuvant setting may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- MM Halpert
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - BA Burns
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - SR Rosario
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
- Acquired Resistance to Therapy Network (ARTNet) U24/U54 Investigator, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - HG Withers
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - AJ Trivedi
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - CJ Hofferek
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - BD Gephart
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - H Wang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology & Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - J Vazquez-Perez
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - SB Amanya
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - ST Hyslop
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - J Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - JO Kemnade
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology & Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - VC Sandulache
- Acquired Resistance to Therapy Network (ARTNet) U24/U54 Investigator, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - V Konduri
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
| | - WK Decker
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
- Acquired Resistance to Therapy Network (ARTNet) U24/U54 Investigator, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 United States
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2
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Wu K, El Zowalaty AE, Sayin VI, Papagiannakopoulos T. The pleiotropic functions of reactive oxygen species in cancer. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:384-399. [PMID: 38531982 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Cellular redox homeostasis is an essential, dynamic process that ensures the balance between reducing and oxidizing reactions within cells and thus has implications across all areas of biology. Changes in levels of reactive oxygen species can disrupt redox homeostasis, leading to oxidative or reductive stress that contributes to the pathogenesis of many malignancies, including cancer. From transformation and tumor initiation to metastatic dissemination, increasing reactive oxygen species in cancer cells can paradoxically promote or suppress the tumorigenic process, depending on the extent of redox stress, its spatiotemporal characteristics and the tumor microenvironment. Here we review how redox regulation influences tumorigenesis, highlighting therapeutic opportunities enabled by redox-related alterations in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Wu
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed Ezat El Zowalaty
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Volkan I Sayin
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Thales Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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3
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Koni M, Lopatina T, Grange C, Sarcinella A, Cedrino M, Bruno S, Buffolo F, Femminò S, Camussi G, Brizzi MF. Circulating extracellular vesicles derived from tumor endothelial cells hijack the local and systemic anti-tumor immune response: Role of mTOR/G-CSF pathway. Pharmacol Res 2023; 195:106871. [PMID: 37506784 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumour-derived extracellular vesicles are supposed to contribute to the spreading of distant metastasis. In this study, we investigated the impact of circulating extracellular vesicles derived from tumour-endothelial cells (TEVs) in the expansion of the metastatic bulk. We focus on the role of immune cells in controlling this process using the 4T1 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) syngeneic model. 4T1 cells were intravenously injected and exposed to circulating TEVs from day 7. The lung, spleen, and bone marrow (BM) were recovered and analysed. We demonstrated that circulating TEVs boost lung metastasis and angiogenesis. FACS and immunohistochemically analyses revealed a significant enrichment of Ly6G+/F4/80+/CD11b+ cells and Ly6G+/F4/80-/CD11b+ in the lung and in the spleen, while Ly6G+/F4/80-/CD11b+ in the BM, indicating the occurrence of a systemic and local immune suppression. TEV immune suppressive properties were further supported by the increased expression of PD-L1, PD-1, and iNOS in the tumour mass. In addition, in vitro experiments demonstrated an increase of CD11+ cells, PD-L1+ myeloid and cancer cells, upregulation of LAG3, CTLA4 and PD-1 in T-cells, release of ROS and NOS, and impaired T-cell-mediated cytotoxic effect in co-culture of TEVs-preconditioned PBMCs and cancer cells. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) level was increased in vivo, and was involved in reshaping the immune response. Mechanistically, we also found that mTOR enriched TEVs support G-CSF release and trigger the phosphorylation of the S6 (Ser235/236) mTOR downstream target. Overall, we provided evidence that circulating TEVs enriched in mTOR supported G-CSF release thereby granting tumour immune suppression and metastasis outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malvina Koni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Buffolo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Saveria Femminò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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4
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Dioscin modulates macrophages polarization and MDSCs differentiation to inhibit tumorigenesis of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109839. [PMID: 36809720 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that colitis is one of risk factors in colorectal cancer (CRC). Intervention of intestinal inflammation and in the early stage of tumorigenesis is of great significance to control the incidence and mortality of CRC. In recent years, natural active products of traditional Chinese medicine have been confirmed that they had made great progress in disease prevention. Here, we showed that Dioscin, a natural active product of Dioscorea nipponica Makino, inhibited initiation and tumorigenesis of AOM/DSS-induced colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC), including alleviating colonic inflammation, improving intestinal barrier function and decreasing tumor burden. In addition, we also explored the immunoregulatory effect of Dioscin on mice. The results showed that Dioscin modulated M1/M2 macrophages phenotype in spleen and decreased monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) population in blood and spleen of mice. The in vitro assay demonstrated that Dioscin promoted M1 as well as inhibited M2 macrophages phenotype in LPS- or IL-4-induced bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) model. Based on the plasticity of MDSCs and its ability to differentiate into M1/M2 macrophages, we here found that Dioscin increased M1- and decreased M2-like phenotype during the process of MDSCs differentiation in vitro, suggesting Dioscin promoted MDSCs differentiate into M1 as well as inhibited its differentiation into M2 macrophages. Taken together, our study indicated that Dioscin had the inhibitory effect on the initial of tumorigenesis at early stage of CAC via the ant-inflammatory effect, which provided a natural active candidate for effective prevention of CAC.
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5
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Deng Z, Wu N, Suo Q, Wang J, Yue Y, Geng L, Zhang Q. Fucoidan, as an immunostimulator promotes M1 macrophage differentiation and enhances the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of capecitabine in colon cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:562-572. [PMID: 36170928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance is one of the most critical challenges in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. The occurrence and development of chemotherapy resistance closely related to the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). As the most important immunosuppressive immune cells infiltrating into the TIME, macrophages are essential for chemotherapy resistance in CRC treatment. In this study, we found that a kind of fucoidan (FPS1M) induced macrophages differentiation to the M1 phenotype, and this transformation promoted cancer cells apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. TNFα is a key mediator of FPS1M-induced tumorcidal activity of macrophages. Mechanistically, as a stimulator of TLR4, FPS1M enhanced macrophages glycolysis and regulated macrophages differentiation to the M1 phenotype by the activation of TLR4 mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling axis. In addition, FPS1M improved the immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment by increasing the infiltration of M1 macrophages in tumor tissue, which was conducive to improving the sensitivity of tumor to chemotherapy. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that FPS1M has the great potential to be used in tumor immunotherapy. The results also suggested that the combination of FPS1M with capecitabine is an alternative therapy method for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Deng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Lab for Marine Sci. & Tech, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ning Wu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine drugs and biological products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Qishan Suo
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Lab for Marine Sci. & Tech, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Lab for Marine Sci. & Tech, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yang Yue
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Lab for Marine Sci. & Tech, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lihua Geng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Lab for Marine Sci. & Tech, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Quanbin Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Lab for Marine Sci. & Tech, Qingdao 266071, China.
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6
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Cederberg RA, Franks SE, Wadsworth BJ, So A, Decotret LR, Hall MG, Shi R, Hughes MR, McNagny KM, Bennewith KL. Eosinophils Decrease Pulmonary Metastatic Mammary Tumor Growth. Front Oncol 2022; 12:841921. [PMID: 35756626 PMCID: PMC9213661 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.841921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is challenging to effectively treat, highlighting the need for an improved understanding of host factors that influence metastatic tumor cell colonization and growth in distant tissues. The lungs are a common site of breast cancer metastasis and are host to a population of tissue-resident eosinophils. Eosinophils are granulocytic innate immune cells known for their prominent roles in allergy and Th2 immunity. Though their presence in solid tumors and metastases have been reported for decades, the influence of eosinophils on metastatic tumor growth in the lungs is unclear. We used transgenic mouse models characterized by elevated pulmonary eosinophils (IL5Tg mice) and eosinophil-deficiency (ΔdblGATA mice), as well as antibody-mediated depletion of eosinophils, to study the role of eosinophils in EO771 mammary tumor growth in the lungs. We found that IL5Tg mice exhibit reduced pulmonary metastatic colonization and decreased metastatic tumor burden compared to wild-type (WT) mice or eosinophil-deficient mice. Eosinophils co-cultured with tumor cells ex vivo produced peroxidase activity and induced tumor cell death, indicating that eosinophils are capable of releasing eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) and killing EO771 tumor cells. We found that lung eosinophils expressed phenotypic markers of activation during EO771 tumor growth in the lungs, and that metastatic growth was accelerated in eosinophil-deficient mice and in WT mice after immunological depletion of eosinophils. Our results highlight an important role for eosinophils in restricting mammary tumor cell growth in the lungs and support further work to determine whether strategies to trigger local eosinophil degranulation may decrease pulmonary metastatic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Cederberg
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Brennan J Wadsworth
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alvina So
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa R Decotret
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael G Hall
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rocky Shi
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael R Hughes
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly M McNagny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kevin L Bennewith
- Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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7
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Ma T, Renz BW, Ilmer M, Koch D, Yang Y, Werner J, Bazhin AV. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Solid Tumors. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020310. [PMID: 35053426 PMCID: PMC8774531 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are one of the main suppressive cell population of the immune system. They play a pivotal role in the establishment of the tumor microenvironment (TME). In the context of cancers or other pathological conditions, MDSCs can differentiate, expand, and migrate in large quantities during circulation, inhibiting the cytotoxic functions of T cells and NK cells. This process is regulated by ROS, iNOS/NO, arginase-1, and multiple soluble cytokines. The definition of MDSCs and their phenotypes in humans are not as well represented as in other organisms such as mice, owing to the absence of the cognate molecule. However, a comprehensive understanding of the differences between different species and subsets will be beneficial for clarifying the immunosuppressive properties and potential clinical values of these cells during tumor progression. Recently, experimental evidence and clinical investigations have demonstrated that MDSCs have a close relationship with poor prognosis and drug resistance, which is considered to be a leading marker for practical applications and therapeutic methods. In this review, we summarize the remarkable position of MDSCs in solid tumors, explain their classifications in different models, and introduce new treatment approaches to target MDSCs to better understand the advancement of new approaches to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmiao Ma
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
| | - Bernhard W. Renz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Koch
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
| | - Yuhui Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence:
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8
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Xiang L, Han L, Yao X, Hu Y, Wu F. Cyclin D1b induces changes in the macrophage phenotype resulting in promotion of tumor metastasis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:2559-2569. [PMID: 34514884 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211038511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In breast cancer, tumor-associated macrophages with activated phenotypes promote tumor invasion and metastasis. The more aggressive mesenchymal-like breast cancer cells have a selective advantage, skewing macrophages toward the more immunosuppressive subtype. However, the mechanism underlying this shift is poorly understood. Cyclin D1b is a highly oncogenic variant of cyclin D1. Our previous study showed that non-metastatic epithelial-like breast cancer cells were highly metastatic in vivo when cyclin D1b was overexpressed. The present study determined whether cyclin D1b contributed to the interaction between breast cancer cells and macrophages. The results showed that cyclin D1b promoted the invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro. Specifically, through overexpression of cyclin D1b, breast cancer cells regulated the differentiation of macrophages into a more immunosuppressive M2 phenotype. Notably, tumor cells overexpressing cyclin D1b activated macrophages and induced migration of breast cancer cells. Further investigations indicated that SDF-1 mediated macrophage activation through breast cancer cells overexpressing cyclin D1b. These results revealed a previously unknown link between aggressive breast cancer cells and Tumor-associated macrophages, and highlighted the importance of cyclin D1b activity in the breast cancer microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxue Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Physiology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Department of Physiology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P.R. China
| | - Lintao Han
- Department of Physiology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Yao
- Department of Physiology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P.R. China
| | - Yibing Hu
- Department of Physiology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P.R. China
| | - Fenghua Wu
- Department of Physiology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, P.R. China
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9
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Pahlavanneshan S, Sayadmanesh A, Ebrahimiyan H, Basiri M. Toll-Like Receptor-Based Strategies for Cancer Immunotherapy. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:9912188. [PMID: 34124272 PMCID: PMC8166496 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9912188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are expressed and play multiple functional roles in a variety of immune cell types involved in tumor immunity. There are plenty of data on the pharmacological targeting of TLR signaling using agonist molecules that boost the antitumor immune response. A recent body of research has also demonstrated promising strategies for improving the cell-based immunotherapy methods by inducing TLR signaling. These strategies include systemic administration of TLR antagonist along with immune cell transfer and also genetic engineering of the immune cells using TLR signaling components to improve the function of genetically engineered immune cells such as chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells. Here, we explore the current status of the cancer immunotherapy approaches based on manipulation of TLR signaling to provide a perspective of the underlying rationales and potential clinical applications. Altogether, reviewed publications suggest that TLRs make a potential target for the immunotherapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghar Pahlavanneshan
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sayadmanesh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Ebrahimiyan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Basiri
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Lee JS, Yost SE, Yuan Y. Case Report: Significant Response to the Combination of Lenvatinib and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor in a Patient With Heavily Pretreated Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 10:582185. [PMID: 33505906 PMCID: PMC7830150 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.582185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has poor prognosis without targetable mutations. The combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab has shown clinical activity in different types of solid tumors. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of one patient with metastatic TNBC who has been heavily pretreated. The patient had been treated with multiple lines (≥ 8 lines) of chemotherapy without durable clinical responses. Her tumor regressed significantly under the combination of lenvatinib and immune checkpoint inhibitor, and remains stable for 10 months. CONCLUSIONS The combination of lenvatinib and immune checkpoint inhibitor may have significant clinical activity in selective patients with heavily pretreated metastatic TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology & Molecular Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
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11
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Hayes JD, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Tew KD. Oxidative Stress in Cancer. Cancer Cell 2020; 38:167-197. [PMID: 32649885 PMCID: PMC7439808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1179] [Impact Index Per Article: 294.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Contingent upon concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence cancer evolution in apparently contradictory ways, either initiating/stimulating tumorigenesis and supporting transformation/proliferation of cancer cells or causing cell death. To accommodate high ROS levels, tumor cells modify sulfur-based metabolism, NADPH generation, and the activity of antioxidant transcription factors. During initiation, genetic changes enable cell survival under high ROS levels by activating antioxidant transcription factors or increasing NADPH via the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). During progression and metastasis, tumor cells adapt to oxidative stress by increasing NADPH in various ways, including activation of AMPK, the PPP, and reductive glutamine and folate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Hayes
- Division of Cellular Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK, Scotland.
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cellular Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK, Scotland; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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12
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Metabolomic profiling of tumor-infiltrating macrophages during tumor growth. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:2357-2369. [PMID: 32518979 PMCID: PMC7568705 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02622-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are both key immunosuppressive cells that contribute to tumor growth. Metabolism and immunity of tumors depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the intracellular metabolism of MDSCs and TAMs during tumor growth remains unclear. Here, we characterized CD11b+ cells isolated from a tumor-bearing mouse model to compare intratumoral TAMs and intrasplenic MDSCs. Intratumoral CD11b+ cells and intrasplenic CD11b+ cells were isolated from tumor-bearing mice at early and late stages (14 and 28 days post-cell transplantation, respectively). The cell number of intrasplenic CD11b+ significantly increased with tumor growth. These cells included neutrophils holding segmented leukocytes or monocytes with an oval nucleus and Gr-1hi IL-4Rαhi cells without immunosuppressive function against CD8 T cells. Thus, these cells were classified as MDSC-like cells (MDSC-LCs). Intratumoral CD11b+ cells included macrophages with a round nucleus and were F4/80hi Gr-1lo IL-4Rαhi cells. Early stage intratumoral CD11b+ cells inhibited CD8 T cells via TNFα. Thus, this cell population was classified as TAMs. Metabolomic analyses of intratumoral TAMs and MDSC-LCs during tumor growth were conducted. Metabolic profiles of intratumoral TAMs showed larger changes in various metabolic pathways, e.g., glycolysis, TCA cycle, and glutamic acid pathways, during tumor growth compared with MDSL-LCs. Our findings demonstrated that intratumoral TAMs showed an immunosuppressive capacity from the early tumor stage and underwent intracellular metabolism changes during tumor growth. These results clarify the intracellular metabolism of TAMs during tumor growth and contribute to our understanding of tumor immunity.
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13
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Liu Z, Xie Y, Xiong Y, Liu S, Qiu C, Zhu Z, Mao H, Yu M, Wang X. TLR 7/8 agonist reverses oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer via directing the myeloid-derived suppressor cells to tumoricidal M1-macrophages. Cancer Lett 2020; 469:173-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Zhang J, Han X, Shi H, Gao Y, Qiao X, Li H, Wei M, Zeng X. Lung resided monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells contribute to premetastatic niche formation by enhancing MMP-9 expression. Mol Cell Probes 2019; 50:101498. [PMID: 31891749 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.101498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In cancer patients, the prevalence of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is correlated with the degree of malignancy. In the present study, we investigated the role of circulating M-MDSCs in premetastatic niche formation using a mouse syngeneic tumor model and found that there was an increased frequency of M-MDSCs in the peripheral blood of tumor-bearing mice. M-MDSCs tracking and lung tissue histological analyses revealed that the malignant conditions promote the residence of circulating M-MDSCs and increased tumor cell arrest in the lungs. We further found that MMP-9 expression was increased in the circulating M-MDSCs and the administration of an MMP-9 inhibitor suppressed M-MDSCs transplantation-induced tumor cell arrest in the lung. Therefore, our findings suggest that the expansion of circulating M-MDSCs during tumor progression contributes to premetastatic niche formation by increasing MMP-9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juechao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China; Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoqing Han
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Huifang Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuan Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Huihan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
| | - Xianlu Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
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15
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Bosiljcic M, Cederberg RA, Hamilton MJ, LePard NE, Harbourne BT, Collier JL, Halvorsen EC, Shi R, Franks SE, Kim AY, Banáth JP, Hamer M, Rossi FM, Bennewith KL. Targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells in combination with primary mammary tumor resection reduces metastatic growth in the lungs. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:103. [PMID: 31488209 PMCID: PMC6727565 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid tumors produce proteins that can induce the accumulation of bone marrow-derived cells in various tissues, and these cells can enhance metastatic tumor growth by several mechanisms. 4T1 murine mammary tumors are known to produce granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and increase the numbers of immunosuppressive CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tissues such as the spleen and lungs of tumor-bearing mice. While surgical resection of primary tumors decreases MDSC levels in the spleen, the longevity and impact of MDSCs and other immune cells in the lungs after tumor resection have been less studied. METHODS We used mass cytometry time of flight (CyTOF) and flow cytometry to quantify MDSCs in the spleen, peripheral blood, and lungs of mice bearing orthotopic murine mammary tumors. We also tested the effect of primary tumor resection and/or gemcitabine treatment on the levels of MDSCs, other immune suppressor and effector cells, and metastatic tumor cells in the lungs. RESULTS We have found that, similar to mice with 4T1 tumors, mice bearing metastatic 4T07 tumors also exhibit accumulation of CD11b+Gr1+ MDSCs in the spleen and lungs, while tissues of mice with non-metastatic 67NR tumors do not contain MDSCs. Mice with orthotopically implanted 4T1 tumors have increased granulocytic (G-) MDSCs, monocytic (M-) MDSCs, macrophages, eosinophils, and NK cells in the lungs. Resection of primary 4T1 tumors decreases G-MDSCs, M-MDSCs, and macrophages in the lungs within 48 h, but significant numbers of functional immunosuppressive G-MDSCs persist in the lungs for 2 weeks after tumor resection, indicative of an environment that can promote metastatic tumor growth. The chemotherapeutic agent gemcitabine depletes G-MDSCs, M-MDSCs, macrophages, and eosinophils in the lungs of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, and we found that treating mice with gemcitabine after primary tumor resection decreases residual G-MDSCs in the lungs and decreases subsequent metastatic growth. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the development of therapeutic strategies to target MDSCs and to monitor MDSC levels before and after primary tumor resection to enhance the effectiveness of immune-based therapies and improve the treatment of metastatic breast cancer in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momir Bosiljcic
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rachel A Cederberg
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Melisa J Hamilton
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Nancy E LePard
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Bryant T Harbourne
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jenna L Collier
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Elizabeth C Halvorsen
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rocky Shi
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - S Elizabeth Franks
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Ada Y Kim
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Judit P Banáth
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Mark Hamer
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Fabio M Rossi
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kevin L Bennewith
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Room 10-108, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada. .,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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16
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Liao Z, Chua D, Tan NS. Reactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:65. [PMID: 30927919 PMCID: PMC6441160 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-0961-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Field cancerization and metastasis are the leading causes for cancer recurrence and mortality in cancer patients. The formation of primary, secondary tumors or metastasis is greatly influenced by multifaceted tumor-stroma interactions, in which stromal components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) can affect the behavior of the cancer cells. Many studies have identified cytokines and growth factors as cell signaling molecules that aid cell to cell communication. However, the functional contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a family of volatile chemicals, as communication molecules are less understood. Cancer cells and various tumor-associated stromal cells produce and secrete a copious amount of ROS into the TME. Intracellular ROS modulate cell signaling cascades that aid in the acquisition of several hallmarks of cancers. Extracellular ROS help to propagate, amplify, and effectively create a mutagenic and oncogenic field which facilitate the formation of multifoci tumors and act as a springboard for metastatic tumor cells. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of ROS as atypical paracrine signaling molecules for field cancerization and metastasis. Field cancerization and metastasis are often discussed separately; we offer a model that placed these events with ROS as the focal instigating agent in a broader "seed-soil" hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehuan Liao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Solnavägen 9, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Damien Chua
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
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17
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Viitala M, Virtakoivu R, Tadayon S, Rannikko J, Jalkanen S, Hollmén M. Immunotherapeutic Blockade of Macrophage Clever-1 Reactivates the CD8 + T-cell Response against Immunosuppressive Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:3289-3303. [PMID: 30755440 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE As foremost regulators of cancer-related inflammation and immunotherapeutic resistance, tumor-associated macrophages have garnered major interest as immunotherapeutic drug targets. However, depletory strategies have yielded little benefit in clinical studies to date. An alternative approach is to exploit macrophage plasticity and "reeducate" tumorigenic macrophages toward an immunostimulatory phenotype to activate the host's antitumor immunity.Experimental Design: We investigated the role of the macrophage scavenger receptor common lymphatic endothelial and vascular endothelial receptor-1 (Clever-1) on tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models with inflammatory and noninflammatory characteristics by using conditional knockouts, bone marrow chimeras, and cell depletion experiments. In addition, the efficacy of immunotherapeutic Clever-1 blockade as monotherapy or in combination with anti-PD-1 was tested. RESULTS Genetic deficiency of macrophage Clever-1 markedly impaired solid tumor growth. This effect was mediated by macrophages that became immunostimulatory in the absence of Clever-1, skewing the suppressive tumor microenvironment toward inflammation and activating endogenous antitumor CD8+ T cells. Comparable effects were achieved with immunotherapeutic blockade of Clever-1. Notably, these effects were similar to those achieved by PD-1 checkpoint inhibition. Moreover, combining anti-Clever-1 with anti-PD-1 provided synergistic benefit in aggressive, nonresponsive tumors. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the importance of macrophages in mediating antitumor immune responses and support the clinical evaluation of immunotherapeutic Clever-1 blockade as a novel cancer treatment strategy.See related commentary by Mantovani and Bonecchi, p. 3202.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miro Viitala
- MediCity Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Doctoral Program of Molecular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Reetta Virtakoivu
- MediCity Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sina Tadayon
- MediCity Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Doctoral Program of Molecular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jenna Rannikko
- MediCity Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maija Hollmén
- MediCity Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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18
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Synchrotron microbeam radiotherapy evokes a different early tumor immunomodulatory response to conventional radiotherapy in EMT6.5 mammary tumors. Radiother Oncol 2019; 133:93-99. [PMID: 30935588 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synchrotron microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) is a new, evolving form of radiotherapy that has potential for clinical application. Several studies have shown in preclinical models that synchrotron MRT achieves equivalent tumor control to conventional radiotherapy (CRT) but with significantly reduced normal tissue damage. METHODS To explore differences between these two modalities, we assessed the immune cell infiltrate into EMT6.5 mammary tumors after CRT and MRT. RESULTS CRT induced marked increases in tumor-associated macrophages and neutrophils while there were no increases in these populations following MRT. In contrast, there were higher numbers of T cells in the MRT treated tumors. There were also increased levels of CCL2 by immunohistochemistry in tumors subjected to CRT, but not to MRT. Conversely, we found that MRT induced higher levels of pro-inflammatory genes in tumors than CRT. CONCLUSION Our data are the first to demonstrate substantial differences in macrophage, neutrophil and T cell numbers in tumors following MRT versus CRT, providing support for the concept that MRT evokes a different immunomodulatory response in tumors compared to CRT.
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19
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Halvorsen EC, Franks SE, Wadsworth BJ, Harbourne BT, Cederberg RA, Steer CA, Martinez-Gonzalez I, Calder J, Lockwood WW, Bennewith KL. IL-33 increases ST2 + Tregs and promotes metastatic tumour growth in the lungs in an amphiregulin-dependent manner. Oncoimmunology 2018; 8:e1527497. [PMID: 30713780 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1527497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) facilitate primary and metastatic tumour growth through the suppression of anti-tumour immunity. Emerging evidence suggests a distinct role for Tregs in mediating tissue repair and barrier integrity in the lungs by IL-33 mediated production of the growth factor amphiregulin (AREG). Dependent on the type of cancer and local microenvironment, AREG may induce tumour cell proliferation, invasion, migration or resistance to apoptosis by signaling through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We have found that IL-33 is dramatically increased in and around metastatic tumour foci in the lungs of mice bearing orthotopic murine mammary tumours. We observed that Tregs express significantly more of the IL-33 receptor, ST2, relative to conventional T cells, that ST2+ Tregs accumulate in the lungs of metastatic tumour-bearing mice, and that ST2+ Tregs produce significantly more AREG than ST2- Tregs. The intranasal administration of recombinant IL-33 increased the proportion of AREG producing ST2+ Tregs and enhanced the level of phosphorylated EGFR in the metastatic lungs. While recombinant AREG did not impact mammary tumour cell proliferation in vitro despite inducing a dose-dependent increase in phosphorylated EGFR, intranasal administration of AREG resulted in a ten-fold increase in pulmonary metastatic tumour burden in vivo. Further, the intranasal administration of recombinant IL-33 significantly increased metastatic tumour burden in the lungs in an amphiregulin-dependent manner. These data identify ST2+ Tregs as a microenvironmental source of AREG in the lungs of mice with orthotopic metastatic mammary tumours and highlight an important role for AREG in promoting metastatic tumour growth in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Halvorsen
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S E Franks
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - B J Wadsworth
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - B T Harbourne
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - R A Cederberg
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C A Steer
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - J Calder
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - W W Lockwood
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K L Bennewith
- Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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20
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Gilabert-Oriol R, Ryan GM, Leung AWY, Firmino NS, Bennewith KL, Bally MB. Liposomal Formulations to Modulate the Tumour Microenvironment and Antitumour Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102922. [PMID: 30261606 PMCID: PMC6213379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumours are complex systems of genetically diverse malignant cells that proliferate in the presence of a heterogeneous microenvironment consisting of host derived microvasculature, stromal, and immune cells. The components of the tumour microenvironment (TME) communicate with each other and with cancer cells, to regulate cellular processes that can inhibit, as well as enhance, tumour growth. Therapeutic strategies have been developed to modulate the TME and cancer-associated immune response. However, modulating compounds are often insoluble (aqueous solubility of less than 1 mg/mL) and have suboptimal pharmacokinetics that prevent therapeutically relevant drug concentrations from reaching the appropriate sites within the tumour. Nanomedicines and, in particular, liposomal formulations of relevant drug candidates, define clinically meaningful drug delivery systems that have the potential to ensure that the right drug candidate is delivered to the right area within tumours at the right time. Following encapsulation in liposomes, drug candidates often display extended plasma half-lives, higher plasma concentrations and may accumulate directly in the tumour tissue. Liposomes can normalise the tumour blood vessel structure and enhance the immunogenicity of tumour cell death; relatively unrecognised impacts associated with using liposomal formulations. This review describes liposomal formulations that affect components of the TME. A focus is placed on formulations which are approved for use in the clinic. The concept of tumour immunogenicity, and how liposomes may enhance radiation and chemotherapy-induced immunogenic cell death (ICD), is discussed. Liposomes are currently an indispensable tool in the treatment of cancer, and their contribution to cancer therapy may gain even further importance by incorporating modulators of the TME and the cancer-associated immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Gilabert-Oriol
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
| | - Gemma M Ryan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
| | - Ada W Y Leung
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
- Cuprous Pharmaceuticals Inc., Vancouver, BC V6N 3P8, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Natalie S Firmino
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Kevin L Bennewith
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Marcel B Bally
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
- Cuprous Pharmaceuticals Inc., Vancouver, BC V6N 3P8, Canada.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
- Centre for Drug Research and Development, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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21
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Kitamura T, Doughty-Shenton D, Cassetta L, Fragkogianni S, Brownlie D, Kato Y, Carragher N, Pollard JW. Monocytes Differentiate to Immune Suppressive Precursors of Metastasis-Associated Macrophages in Mouse Models of Metastatic Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 2018; 8:2004. [PMID: 29387063 PMCID: PMC5776392 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis-associated macrophages (MAMs) play pivotal roles in breast cancer metastasis by promoting extravasation and survival of metastasizing cancer cells. In a metastatic breast cancer mouse model, we previously reported that circulating classical monocytes (C-MOs) preferentially migrated into the tumor-challenged lung where they differentiated into MAMs. However, the fate and characteristics of C-MOs in the metastatic site has not been defined. In this study, we identified that adoptively transferred C-MOs (F4/80lowCD11b+Ly6C+) differentiated into a distinct myeloid cell population that is characterized as F4/80highCD11bhighLy6Chigh and gives rise to MAMs (F4/80lowCD11bhighLy6Clow) within 18 h after migration into the metastatic lung. In mouse models of breast cancer, the CD11bhighLy6Chigh MAM precursor cells (MAMPCs) were commonly found in the metastatic lung, and their accumulation was increased during metastatic tumor growth. The morphology and gene expression profile of MAMPCs were distinct from C-MOs and had greater similarity to MAMs. For example MAMPCs expressed mature macrophage markers such as CD14, CD36, CD64, and CD206 at comparable levels with MAMs, suggesting that MAMPCs have committed to a macrophage lineage in the tumor microenvironment. MAMPCs also expressed higher levels of Arg1, Hmox1, and Stab1 than C-MOs to a comparable level to MAMs. Expression of these MAM-associated genes in MAMPCs was reduced by genetic deletion of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). On the other hand, transient CSF1R blockade did not reduce the number of MAMPCs in the metastatic site, suggesting that CSF1 signaling is active in MAMPCs but is not required for their accumulation. Functionally MAMPCs suppressed the cytotoxicity of activated CD8+ T cells in vitro in part through superoxide production. Overall, our results indicate that immediately following migration into the metastatic tumors C-MOs differentiate into immunosuppressive cells that have characteristics of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell phenotype and might be targeted to enhance efficacy of immunotherapy for metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Kitamura
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Dahlia Doughty-Shenton
- Edinburgh Phenotypic Assay Centre, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Cassetta
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stamatina Fragkogianni
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Demi Brownlie
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Kato
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Neil Carragher
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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22
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Bernal-Estévez DA, García O, Sánchez R, Parra-López CA. Monitoring the responsiveness of T and antigen presenting cell compartments in breast cancer patients is useful to predict clinical tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:77. [PMID: 29334915 PMCID: PMC5769526 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3982-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccination of mice with tumors treated with Doxorubicin promotes a T cell immunity that relies on dendritic cell (DC) activation and is responsible for tumor control in vaccinated animals. Despite Doxorubicin in combination with Cyclophosphamide (A/C) is widely used to treat breast cancer patients, the stimulating effect of A/C on T and APC compartments and its correlation with patient’s clinical response remains to be proved. Methods In this prospective study, we designed an in vitro system to monitor various immunological readouts in PBMCs obtained from a total of 17 breast cancer patients before, and after neoadjuvant anti-tumor therapy with A/C. Results The results show that before treatment, T cells and DCs, exhibit a marked unresponsiveness to in vitro stimulus: whereas T cells exhibit poor TCR internalization and limited expression of CD154 in response to anti-CD3/CD28/CD2 stimulation, DCs secrete low levels of IL-12p70 and limited CD83 expression in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Notably, after treatment the responsiveness of T and APC compartments was recovered, and furthermore, this recovery correlated with patients’ residual cancer burden stage. Conclusions Our results let us to argue that the model used here to monitor the T and APC compartments is suitable to survey the recovery of immune surveillance and to predict tumor response during A/C chemotherapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3982-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Bernal-Estévez
- Department of Microbiology, Graduated School in Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.,Immunology and Clinical Oncology Research Group (GIIOC), Fundación Salud de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Oscar García
- Servicio de seno y tejidos blandos, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ramiro Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology, Graduated School in Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.,Clínica del Seno, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos A Parra-López
- Department of Microbiology, Graduated School in Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
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23
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Krystal G, Hamilton MJ, Bennewith KL. SHIP prevents metastasis. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 8:837-8. [PMID: 27208543 PMCID: PMC4931836 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Krystal
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Melisa J Hamilton
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kevin L Bennewith
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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24
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Swayampakula M, McDonald PC, Vallejo M, Coyaud E, Chafe SC, Westerback A, Venkateswaran G, Shankar J, Gao G, Laurent EMN, Lou Y, Bennewith KL, Supuran CT, Nabi IR, Raught B, Dedhar S. The interactome of metabolic enzyme carbonic anhydrase IX reveals novel roles in tumor cell migration and invadopodia/MMP14-mediated invasion. Oncogene 2017; 36:6244-6261. [PMID: 28692057 PMCID: PMC5684442 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a hypoxia inducible factor 1-induced, cell surface pH regulating enzyme with an established role in tumor progression and clinical outcome. However, the molecular basis of CAIX-mediated tumor progression remains unclear. Here, we have utilized proximity dependent biotinylation (BioID) to map the CAIX ‘interactome’ in breast cancer cells in order to identify physiologically relevant CAIX-associating proteins with potential roles in tumor progression. High confidence proteins identified include metabolic transporters, β1 integrins, integrin-associated protein CD98hc and matrix metalloprotease 14 (MMP14). Biochemical studies validate the association of CAIX with α2β1 integrin, CD98hc and MMP14, and immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrates colocalization of CAIX with α2β1 integrin and MMP14 in F-actin/cofilin-positive lamellipodia/pseudopodia, and with MMP14 to cortactin/Tks5-positive invadopodia. Modulation of CAIX expression and activity results in significant changes in cell migration, collagen degradation and invasion. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that CAIX associates with MMP14 through potential phosphorylation residues within its intracellular domain, and that CAIX enhances MMP14-mediated collagen degradation by directly contributing hydrogen ions required for MMP14 catalytic activity. These findings establish hypoxia-induced CAIX as a novel metabolic component of cellular migration and invasion structures, and provide new mechanistic insights into its role in tumor cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Swayampakula
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - P C McDonald
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Vallejo
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - E Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S C Chafe
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Westerback
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - G Venkateswaran
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J Shankar
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - G Gao
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - E M N Laurent
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Y Lou
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - K L Bennewith
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C T Supuran
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - I R Nabi
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - B Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Dedhar
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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25
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Hamilton MJ, Halvorsen EC, LePard NE, Bosiljcic M, Ho VW, Lam V, Banáth J, Bennewith KL, Krystal G. SHIP represses lung inflammation and inhibits mammary tumor metastasis in BALB/c mice. Oncotarget 2016; 7:3677-91. [PMID: 26683227 PMCID: PMC4826161 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
SH2-containing-inositol-5'-phosphatase (SHIP) is a negative regulator of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase pathway in hematopoietic cells and limits the development of leukemias and lymphomas. The potential role of SHIP in solid tumor development and metastasis remains unknown. While SHIP restricts the aberrant development of myeloid cells in C57BL/6 mice, there are conflicting reports regarding the effect of SHIP deletion in BALB/c mice with important consequences for determining the influence of SHIP in different model tumor systems. We generated SHIP-/- BALB/c mice and challenged them with syngeneic non-metastatic 67NR or metastatic 4T1 mammary tumors. We demonstrate that SHIP restricts the development, alternative-activation, and immunosuppressive function of myeloid cells in tumor-free and tumor-bearing BALB/c mice. Tumor-free SHIP-/- BALB/c mice exhibited pulmonary inflammation, myeloid hyperplasia, and M2-polarized macrophages and this phenotype was greatly exacerbated by 4T1, but not 67NR, tumors. 4T1-bearing SHIP-/- mice rapidly lost weight and died from necrohemorrhagic inflammatory pulmonary disease, characterized by massive infiltration of pulmonary macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells that were more M2-polarized and immunosuppressive than wild-type cells. Importantly, while SHIP loss did not affect primary tumor growth, 4T1-bearing SHIP-/- mice had 7.5-fold more metastatic tumor cells in their lungs than wild-type mice, consistent with the influence of immunosuppressive myeloid cells on metastatic growth. Our findings identify the hematopoietic cell-restricted protein SHIP as an intriguing target to influence the development of solid tumor metastases, and support development of SHIP agonists to prevent the accumulation of immunosuppressive myeloid cells and tumor metastases in the lungs to improve treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa J Hamilton
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth C Halvorsen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nancy E LePard
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Momir Bosiljcic
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Victor W Ho
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Vivian Lam
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Judit Banáth
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kevin L Bennewith
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gerald Krystal
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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26
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Halvorsen EC, Hamilton MJ, Young A, Wadsworth BJ, LePard NE, Lee HN, Firmino N, Collier JL, Bennewith KL. Maraviroc decreases CCL8-mediated migration of CCR5(+) regulatory T cells and reduces metastatic tumor growth in the lungs. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1150398. [PMID: 27471618 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1150398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial physiological role in the regulation of immune homeostasis, although recent data suggest Tregs can contribute to primary tumor growth by suppressing antitumor immune responses. Tregs may also influence the development of tumor metastases, although there is a paucity of information regarding the phenotype and function of Tregs in metastatic target organs. Herein, we demonstrate that orthotopically implanted metastatic mammary tumors induce significant Treg accumulation in the lungs, which is a site of mammary tumor metastasis. Tregs in the primary tumor and metastatic lungs express high levels of C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) relative to Tregs in the mammary fat pad and lungs of tumor-free mice, and Tregs in the metastatic lungs are enriched for CCR5 expression in comparison to other immune cell populations. We also identify that C-C chemokine ligand 8 (CCL8), an endogenous ligand of CCR5, is produced by F4/80(+) macrophages in the lungs of mice with metastatic primary tumors. Migration of Tregs toward CCL8 ex vivo is reduced in the presence of the CCR5 inhibitor Maraviroc. Importantly, treatment of mice with Maraviroc (MVC) reduces the level of CCR5(+) Tregs and metastatic tumor burden in the lungs. This work provides evidence of a CCL8/CCR5 signaling axis driving Treg recruitment to the lungs of mice bearing metastatic primary tumors, representing a potential therapeutic target to decrease Treg accumulation and metastatic tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Halvorsen
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M J Hamilton
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency , Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Young
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - B J Wadsworth
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - N E LePard
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency , Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - H N Lee
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency , Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - N Firmino
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J L Collier
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K L Bennewith
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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27
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Ghosh S, Mukherjee S, Choudhury S, Gupta P, Adhikary A, Baral R, Chattopadhyay S. Reactive oxygen species in the tumor niche triggers altered activation of macrophages and immunosuppression: Role of fluoxetine. Cell Signal 2015; 27:1398-412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Maenhout SK, Thielemans K, Aerts JL. Location, location, location: functional and phenotypic heterogeneity between tumor-infiltrating and non-infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Oncoimmunology 2014; 3:e956579. [PMID: 25941577 DOI: 10.4161/21624011.2014.956579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies is focusing on the role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the suppression of antitumor immune responses. Although the main site of action for MDSCs is most likely the tumor microenvironment, the study of these cells has been largely restricted to MDSCs derived from peripheral lymphoid organs. Only in a minority of studies MDSCs isolated from the tumor microenvironment have been characterized. This review will give an overview of the data available on the phenotypical and functional differences between tumor-derived MDSCs and MDSCs isolated from the spleen of tumor-bearing mice or from the peripheral blood of cancer patients.
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Key Words
- ATRA, all-trans retinoic acid
- Bv8, Bombina variagata peptide 8
- CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4
- GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- IFN-γ, interferon gamma
- IL, interleukin
- IL-4Rα, interleukin-4 receptor alpha
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- M-CSF, macrophage-colony stimulating factor
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases
- MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- NS cells, natural suppressor cells
- PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1
- PHA, phytohemagglutinin
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- TAMs, tumor-associated macrophages
- Treg, regulatory T cells
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
- immunosuppression
- myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- siRNA, small interfering ribonucleic acid
- tumor immunology
- tumor microenvironment
- tumor models
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Maenhout
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy; Department of Immunology-Physiology ; Vrije Universiteit Brussel ; Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kris Thielemans
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy; Department of Immunology-Physiology ; Vrije Universiteit Brussel ; Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joeri L Aerts
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy; Department of Immunology-Physiology ; Vrije Universiteit Brussel ; Brussels, Belgium
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29
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Caronni N, Savino B, Bonecchi R. Myeloid cells in cancer-related inflammation. Immunobiology 2014; 220:249-53. [PMID: 25454487 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid cells are key elements of the cancer-related inflammation with the potential to support not only tumor growth but also invasion and metastasis. Tumor-derived factors affect myeloid cell differentiation inducing a phenotype that supports tumor growth, inducing immunosuppression, angiogenesis and tissue remodeling. Soluble mediators, produced at primary tumor site, can also act in a remote mode inducing the release from bone marrow of myeloid cells that have immunosuppressive activities in tumor-draining lymphoid organs and can predispose to colonization when migrate to metastatic organs. We will here review current knowledge on the contribution of tumor-derived signals that affect polarized activation of myeloid cells, their bone marrow release and recruitment to metastatic sites with a particular focus on the role of chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Caronni
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Benedetta Savino
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Bonecchi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy
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