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Miernikiewicz P, Barylski J, Wilczak A, Dragoš A, Rybicka I, Bałdysz S, Szymczak A, Dogsa I, Rokush K, Harhala MA, Ciekot J, Ferenc S, Gnus J, Witkiewicz W, Dąbrowska K. New Phage-Derived Antibacterial Enzyme PolaR Targeting Rothia spp. Cells 2023; 12:1997. [PMID: 37566076 PMCID: PMC10417112 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rothia is an opportunistic pathogen, particularly life-threatening for the immunocompromised. It is associated with pneumonia, endocarditis, peritonitis and many other serious infections, including septicemia. Of note, Rothia mucilaginousa produces metabolites that support and increase overgrowth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one of the ESKAPE bacteria. Endolysins are considered as antibacterial enzymes derived from bacteriophages that selectively and efficiently kill susceptible bacteria without harming human cells or the normal microbiome. Here, we applied a computational analysis of metagenomic sequencing data of the gastric mucosa phageome extracted from human patients' stomach biopsies. A selected candidate anti-Rothia sequence was produced in an expression system, purified and confirmed as a Rothia mucilaginosa- and Rothia dentocariosa-specific endolysin PolaR, able to destroy bacterial cells even when aggregated, as in a biofilm. PolaR had no cytotoxic or antiproliferative effects on mammalian cells. PolaR is the first described endolysin selectively targeting Rothia species, with a high potential to combat infections caused by Rothia mucilaginosa and Rothia dentocariosa, and possibly other bacterial groups. PolaR is the first antibacterial enzyme selected from the gastric mucosa phageome, which underlines the biological complexity and probably underestimated biological role of the phageome in the human gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Miernikiewicz
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (I.R.); (A.S.); (K.R.); (M.A.H.); (J.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Jakub Barylski
- Department of Molecular Virology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznań, Poland; (J.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Aleksandra Wilczak
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (I.R.); (A.S.); (K.R.); (M.A.H.); (J.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Anna Dragoš
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.D.); (I.D.)
| | - Izabela Rybicka
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (I.R.); (A.S.); (K.R.); (M.A.H.); (J.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Sophia Bałdysz
- Department of Molecular Virology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznań, Poland; (J.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Aleksander Szymczak
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (I.R.); (A.S.); (K.R.); (M.A.H.); (J.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Iztok Dogsa
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.D.); (I.D.)
| | - Kostiantyn Rokush
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (I.R.); (A.S.); (K.R.); (M.A.H.); (J.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Marek Adam Harhala
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (I.R.); (A.S.); (K.R.); (M.A.H.); (J.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Jarosław Ciekot
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (I.R.); (A.S.); (K.R.); (M.A.H.); (J.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Stanisław Ferenc
- Research and Development Center, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland; (S.F.); (J.G.); (W.W.)
| | - Jan Gnus
- Research and Development Center, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland; (S.F.); (J.G.); (W.W.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wojciech Witkiewicz
- Research and Development Center, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland; (S.F.); (J.G.); (W.W.)
| | - Krystyna Dąbrowska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (I.R.); (A.S.); (K.R.); (M.A.H.); (J.C.); (K.D.)
- Research and Development Center, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, 51-124 Wrocław, Poland; (S.F.); (J.G.); (W.W.)
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2
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Gershater E, Liu Y, Xue B, Shin MK, Koo H, Zheng Z, Li C. Characterizing the microbiota of cleft lip and palate patients: a comprehensive review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1159455. [PMID: 37143743 PMCID: PMC10152472 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1159455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Orofacial cleft disorders, including cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P), are one of the most frequently-occurring congenital disorders worldwide. The health issues of patients with CL/P encompass far more than just their anatomic anomaly, as patients with CL/P are prone to having a high incidence of infectious diseases. While it has been previously established that the oral microbiome of patients with CL/P differs from that of unaffected patients, the exact nature of this variance, including the relevant bacterial species, has not been fully elucidated; likewise, examination of anatomic locations besides the cleft site has been neglected. Here, we intended to provide a comprehensive review to highlight the significant microbiota differences between CL/P patients and healthy subjects in various anatomic locations, including the teeth inside and adjacent to the cleft, oral cavity, nasal cavity, pharynx, and ear, as well as bodily fluids, secretions, and excretions. A number of bacterial and fungal species that have been proven to be pathogenic were found to be prevalently and/or specifically detected in CL/P patients, which can benefit the development of CL/P-specific microbiota management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuan Liu
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Levy Center for Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Binglan Xue
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Min Kyung Shin
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hyun Koo
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Levy Center for Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine and School of Engineering & Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zhong Zheng
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Zhong Zheng, ; Chenshuang Li,
| | - Chenshuang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Zhong Zheng, ; Chenshuang Li,
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3
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Han Y, Jia Z, Shi J, Wang W, He K. The active lung microbiota landscape of COVID-19 patients through the metatranscriptome data analysis. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2022; 12:139-146. [PMID: 35411293 PMCID: PMC8905590 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2021.23378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
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Introduction: With the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the interaction between the host and SARS-CoV-2 was widely studied. However, it is unclear whether and how SARS-CoV-2 infection affects lung microflora, which contribute to COVID-19 complications.
Methods: Here, we analyzed the metatranscriptomic data of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of 19 COVID-19 patients and 23 healthy controls from 6 independent projects and detailed the active microbiota landscape in both healthy individuals and COVID-19 patients.
Results: The infection of SARS-CoV-2 could deeply change the lung microbiota, evidenced by the α-diversity, β-diversity, and species composition analysis based on bacterial microbiota and virome. Pathogens (e.g., Klebsiella oxytoca causing pneumonia as well), immunomodulatory probiotics (e.g., lactic acid bacteria and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, a butyrate producer), and Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) were enriched in the COVID-19 group, suggesting a severe microbiota dysbiosis. The significant correlation between Rothia mucilaginosa, TMV, and SARS-CoV-2 revealed drastic inflammatory battles between the host, SARS-CoV-2, and other microbes in the lungs. Notably, TMV only existed in the COVID-19 group, while human respirovirus 3 (HRV 3) only existed in the healthy group. Our study provides insights into the active microbiota in the lungs of COVID-19 patients and would contribute to the understanding of the infection mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 and the treatment of the disease and complications.
Conclusion: SARS-COV-2 infection deeply altered the lung microbiota of COVID-19 patients. The enrichment of several other pathogens, immunomodulatory probiotics (lactic acid or butyrate producers), and TMV in the COVID-19 group suggests a complex and active lung microbiota disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine of Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhilong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine of Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine of Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine of Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kunlun He
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine of Chronic Heart Failure, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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MicroRNA-155 Modulates Macrophages' Response to Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria through COX-2/PGE2 Signaling. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10080920. [PMID: 34451384 PMCID: PMC8398909 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have been recognized as a causative agent of various human diseases, including severe infections in immunocompromised patients, such as people living with HIV. The most common species identified is the Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAI/MAC), accounting for a majority of infections. Despite abundant information detailing the clinical significance of NTM, little is known about host–pathogen interactions in NTM infection. MicroRNAs (miRs) serve as important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Using a microarray profile, we found that the expression of miR-155 and cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2) is significantly increased in bone-marrow-derived macrophages from mice and human monocyte-derived macrophages from healthy volunteers that are infected with NTM. Antagomir against miR-155 effectively suppressed expression of COX-2 and reduced Prostaglandin E2(PGE2) secretion, suggesting that COX-2/PGE2 expression is dependent on miR-155. Mechanistically, we found that inhibition of NF-κB activity significantly reduced miR-155/COX-2 expression in infected macrophages. Most importantly, blockade of COX-2, E-prostanoid receptors (EP2 and EP4) enhanced killing of MAI in macrophages. These findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the role of miR-155/COX-2/PGE2 signalling and suggest that induction of these pathways enhances survival of mycobacteria in macrophages. Defining host–pathogen interactions can lead to novel immunomodulatory therapies for NTM infections which are difficult to treat.
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Willis JR, Saus E, Iraola-Guzmán S, Cabello-Yeves E, Ksiezopolska E, Cozzuto L, Bejarano LA, Andreu-Somavilla N, Alloza-Trabado M, Blanco A, Puig-Sola A, Broglio E, Carolis C, Ponomarenko J, Hecht J, Gabaldón T. Citizen-science based study of the oral microbiome in Cystic fibrosis and matched controls reveals major differences in diversity and abundance of bacterial and fungal species. J Oral Microbiol 2021; 13:1897328. [PMID: 34104346 PMCID: PMC8143623 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2021.1897328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal genetic disease, associated with the production of excessively thick mucosa and with life-threatening chronic lung infections. The microbiota of the oral cavity can act as a reservoir or as a barrier for infectious microorganisms that can colonize the lungs. However, the specific composition of the oral microbiome in CF is poorly understood.Methods: In collaboration with CF associations in Spain, we collected oral rinse samples from 31 CF persons (age range 7-47) and matched controls, and then performed 16S rRNA metabarcoding and high-throughput sequencing, combined with culture and proteomics-based identification of fungi to survey the bacterial and fungal oral microbiome.Results: We found that CF is associated with less diverse oral microbiomes, which were characterized by higher prevalence of Candida albicans and differential abundances of a number of bacterial taxa that have implications in both the connection to lung infections in CF, as well as potential oral health concerns, particularly periodontitis and dental caries.Conclusion: Overall, our study provides a first global snapshot of the oral microbiome in CF. Future studies are required to establish the relationships between the composition of the oral and lung microbiomes in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse R Willis
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Life Sciences Programme, Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) Jordi Girona, Barcelona, Spain.,Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Saus
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Life Sciences Programme, Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) Jordi Girona, Barcelona, Spain.,Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Iraola-Guzmán
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Life Sciences Programme, Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) Jordi Girona, Barcelona, Spain.,Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Cabello-Yeves
- Life Sciences Programme, Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) Jordi Girona, Barcelona, Spain.,Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ewa Ksiezopolska
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Life Sciences Programme, Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) Jordi Girona, Barcelona, Spain.,Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luca Cozzuto
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Experimental and Health Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis A Bejarano
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Andreu-Somavilla
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Experimental and Health Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Alloza-Trabado
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Experimental and Health Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Blanco
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Puig-Sola
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Experimental and Health Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabetta Broglio
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Experimental and Health Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlo Carolis
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Experimental and Health Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Ponomarenko
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Experimental and Health Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jochen Hecht
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Experimental and Health Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Gabaldón
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Life Sciences Programme, Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) Jordi Girona, Barcelona, Spain.,Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Experimental and Health Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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Oishi T, Muratani T, Tanaka T, Sato M, Kohdera U, Ouchi K, Iwata S, Matsumoto T, Nakahama C. Study of normal flora in the pharynx of healthy children. Jpn J Infect Dis 2021; 74:450-457. [PMID: 33642434 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2020.824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To improve our current understanding of normal flora in children, we investigated bacterial isolates from pharynx and nasopharynx of 173 and 233 healthy children, respectively. The bacterial isolation rates were compared among three age groups: infants (<1 year), toddlers (1-5 years), and school-age children (6-15 years). Gram-positive cocci (GPC) were the predominant bacteria in the pharynx (Streptococcus mitis/oralis, 87.3%; Streptococcus salivarius, 54.3%; Rothia mucilaginosa, 41.6%; Staphylococcus aureus, 39.3%). Among infants, Streptococcus salivarius and Neisseria subflava, which are related to the development of teeth, were significantly lower than in the other age groups (p<0.0001, S. salivarius; p<0.01, N. subflava). Gram-negative rods (GNR) predominated the nasopharynx (Moraxella catarrhalis, 32.1%; and Moraxella nonliquefaciens, 28.3%) except for Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum (44.2%) of gram-positive rods. Among toddlers, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumoniae, which are the most common pathogens in acute otitis media, were significantly higher than in the infant group (p<0.05 for both). Among bacterial species implicated in pediatric respiratory infection, Streptococcus pyogenes was isolated in 3.5% of pharyngeal samples. S. pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were isolated in 22.3% and 17.2% of nasopharyngeal samples, respectively. In conclusion, normal flora of the respiratory tract differs not only by sampling site but also by age group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Satoshi Iwata
- Department of Infectious Diseases National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan.,Center for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Keio University Hospital, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Matsumoto
- Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
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Almatroodi SA, Almatroudi A, Alsahli MA, Aljasir MA, Syed MA, Rahmani AH. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG), an Active Compound of Green Tea Attenuates Acute Lung Injury Regulating Macrophage Polarization and Krüpple-Like-Factor 4 (KLF4) Expression. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122853. [PMID: 32575718 PMCID: PMC7356789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are serious clinical complications with a high frequency of morbidity and mortality. The initiation and amplification of inflammation is a well-known aspect in the pathogenesis of ALI and related disorders. Therefore, inhibition of the inflammatory mediators could be an ideal approach to prevent ALI. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major constituent of green tea, has been shown to have protective effects on oxidative damage and anti-inflammation. The goal of the present study was to determine whether EGCG improves phenotype and macrophage polarisation in LPS-induced ALI. C57BL/6 mice were given two doses of EGCG (15 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (IP) 1 h before and 3 h after LPS instillation (2 mg/kg). EGCG treatment improved histopathological lesions, Total Leucocyte count (TLC), neutrophils infiltration, wet/dry ratio, total proteins and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in LPS-induced lung injury. The results displayed that EGCG reduced LPS-induced ALI as it modulates macrophage polarisation towards M2 status. Furthermore, EGCG also reduced the expression of proinflammatory M1 mediators iNOS TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the LPS administered lung microenvironment. In addition, it increased the expression of KLF4, Arg1 and ym1, known to augment the M2 phenotype of macrophages. EGCG also alleviated the expression of 8-OHdG, nitrotyrosine, showing its ability to inhibit oxidative damage. TREM1 in the lung tissue and improved lung regenerative capacity by enhancing Ki67, PCNA and Ang-1 protein expression. Together, these results proposed the protective properties of EGCG against LPS-induced ALI in may be attributed to the suppression of M1/M2 macrophages subtype ratio, KLF4 augmentation, lung cell regeneration and regulating oxidative damage in the LPS-induced murine ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mohammad A. Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Arora S, Dev K, Agarwal B, Das P, Syed MA. Macrophages: Their role, activation and polarization in pulmonary diseases. Immunobiology 2017; 223:383-396. [PMID: 29146235 PMCID: PMC7114886 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages, circulating in the blood or concatenated into different organs and tissues constitute the first barrier against any disease. They are foremost controllers of both innate and acquired immunity, healthy tissue homeostasis, vasculogenesis and congenital metabolism. Two hallmarks of macrophages are diversity and plasticity due to which they acquire a wobbling array of phenotypes. These phenotypes are appropriately synchronized responses to a variety of different stimuli from either the tissue microenvironment or - microbes or their products. Based on the phenotype, macrophages are classified into classically activated/(M1) and alternatively activated/(M2) which are further sub-categorized into M2a, M2b, M2c and M2d based upon gene expression profiles. Macrophage phenotype metamorphosis is the regulating factor in initiation, progression, and termination of numerous inflammatory diseases. Several transcriptional factors and other factors controlling gene expression such as miRNAs contribute to the transformation of macrophages at different points in different diseases. Understanding the mechanisms of macrophage polarization and modulation of their phenotypes to adjust to the micro environmental conditions might provide us a great prospective for designing novel therapeutic strategy. In view of the above, this review summarises the activation of macrophages, the factors intricated in activation along with benefaction of macrophage polarization in response to microbial infections, pulmonary toxicity, lung injury and other inflammatory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary dysplasia (COPD), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), asthma and sepsis, along with the existing efforts to develop therapies targeting this facet of macrophage biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Arora
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Kapil Dev
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Beamon Agarwal
- Department of Hematopathology, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467-2401, United States.
| | - Pragnya Das
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19134, United States.
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
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9
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Bedi B, Maurice NM, Ciavatta VT, Lynn KS, Yuan Z, Molina SA, Joo M, Tyor WR, Goldberg JB, Koval M, Hart CM, Sadikot RT. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonists attenuate biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. FASEB J 2017; 31:3608-3621. [PMID: 28442545 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700075r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant contributor to recalcitrant multidrug-resistant infections, especially in immunocompromised and hospitalized patients. The pathogenic profile of P. aeruginosa is related to its ability to secrete a variety of virulence factors and to promote biofilm formation. Quorum sensing (QS) is a mechanism wherein P. aeruginosa secretes small diffusible molecules, specifically acyl homo serine lactones, such as N-(3-oxo-dodecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (3O-C12-HSL), that promote biofilm formation and virulence via interbacterial communication. Strategies that strengthen the host's ability to inhibit bacterial virulence would enhance host defenses and improve the treatment of resistant infections. We have recently shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists are potent immunostimulators that play a pivotal role in host response to virulent P. aeruginosa Here, we show that QS genes in P. aeruginosa (strain PAO1) and 3O-C12-HSL attenuate PPARγ expression in bronchial epithelial cells. PAO1 and 3O-C12-HSL induce barrier derangements in bronchial epithelial cells by lowering the expression of junctional proteins, such as zonula occludens-1, occludin, and claudin-4. Expression of these proteins was restored in cells that were treated with pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, before infection with PAO1 and 3O-C12-HSL. Barrier function and bacterial permeation studies that have been performed in primary human epithelial cells showed that PPARγ agonists are able to restore barrier integrity and function that are disrupted by PAO1 and 3O-C12-HSL. Mechanistically, we show that these effects are dependent on the induction of paraoxonase-2, a QS hydrolyzing enzyme, that mitigates the effects of QS molecules. Importantly, our data show that pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, significantly inhibits biofilm formation on epithelial cells by a mechanism that is mediated via paraoxonase-2. These findings elucidate a novel role for PPARγ in host defense against P. aeruginosa Strategies that activate PPARγ can provide a therapeutic complement for treatment of resistant P. aeruginosa infections.-Bedi, B., Maurice, N. M., Ciavatta, V. T., Lynn, K. S., Yuan, Z., Molina, S. A., Joo, M., Tyor, W. R., Goldberg, J. B., Koval, M., Hart, C. M., Sadikot, R. T. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonists attenuate biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahmchetna Bedi
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nicholas M Maurice
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Vincent T Ciavatta
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - K Sabrina Lynn
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zhihong Yuan
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Samuel A Molina
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Emory + Children's Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airway Disease Research, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Myungsoo Joo
- Department of Immunology, Pusan University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - William R Tyor
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Emory + Children's Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airway Disease Research, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - C Michael Hart
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ruxana T Sadikot
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA; .,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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10
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HIV-related proteins prolong macrophage survival through induction of Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42028. [PMID: 28181540 PMCID: PMC5299418 DOI: 10.1038/srep42028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1(TREM-1) is a member of the superimmunoglobulin receptor family. We have previously shown that TREM-1 prolongs survival of macrophages treated with lipoolysaccharide through Egr2-Bcl2 signaling. Recent studies suggest a role for TREM-1 in viral immunity. Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) targets the monocyte/macrophage lineage at varying stages of infection. Emerging data suggest that macrophages are key reservoirs for latent HIV even in individuals on antiretroviral therapy. Here, we investigated the potential role of TREM-1 in HIV latency in macrophages. Our data show that human macrophages infected with HIV show an increased expression of TREM-1. In parallel, direct exposure to the HIV-related proteins Tat or gp120 induces TREM-1 expression in macrophages and confers anti-apoptotic attributes.NF-κB p65 silencing identified that these proteins induce TREM-1 in p65-dependent manner. TREM-1 silencing in macrophages exposed to HIV-related proteins led to increased caspase 3 activation and reduced Bcl-2 expression, rendering them susceptible to apotosis. These novel data reveal that TREM-1 may play a critical role in establishing HIV reservoir in macrophages by inhibiting apoptosis. Therefore, targeting TREM-1 could be a novel therapeutic approach to enhance clearance of the HIV reservoir, at least within the macrophage pools.
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11
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Yuan Z, Syed M, Panchal D, Joo M, Bedi C, Lim S, Onyuksel H, Rubinstein I, Colonna M, Sadikot RT. TREM-1-accentuated lung injury via miR-155 is inhibited by LP17 nanomedicine. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 310:L426-38. [PMID: 26684249 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00195.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cell-1 (TREM-1) is a superimmunoglobulin receptor expressed on myeloid cells. Synergy between TREM-1 and Toll-like receptor amplifies the inflammatory response; however, the mechanisms by which TREM-1 accentuates inflammation are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of TREM-1 in a model of LPS-induced lung injury and neutrophilic inflammation. We show that TREM-1 is induced in lungs of mice with LPS-induced acute neutrophilic inflammation. TREM-1 knockout mice showed an improved survival after lethal doses of LPS with an attenuated inflammatory response in the lungs. Deletion of TREM-1 gene resulted in significantly reduced neutrophils and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, particularly IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. Physiologically deletion of TREM-1 conferred an immunometabolic advantage with low oxygen consumption rate (OCR) sparing the respiratory capacity of macrophages challenged with LPS. Furthermore, we show that TREM-1 deletion results in significant attenuation of expression of miR-155 in macrophages and lungs of mice treated with LPS. Experiments with antagomir-155 confirmed that TREM-1-mediated changes were indeed dependent on miR-155 and are mediated by downregulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) a key miR-155 target. These data for the first time show that TREM-1 accentuates inflammatory response by inducing the expression of miR-155 in macrophages and suggest a novel mechanism by which TREM-1 signaling contributes to lung injury. Inhibition of TREM-1 using a nanomicellar approach resulted in ablation of neutrophilic inflammation suggesting that TREM-1 inhibition is a potential therapeutic target for neutrophilic lung inflammation and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Yuan
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mansoor Syed
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Dipti Panchal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Myungsoo Joo
- Department of Immunology, Pusan University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Chetna Bedi
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Sokbee Lim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hayat Onyuksel
- School of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Israel Rubinstein
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Veterans Affairs, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ruxana T Sadikot
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia;
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12
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Watanabe T, Tanigawa T, Kobata A, Takeda S, Nadatani Y, Otani K, Yamagami H, Shiba M, Tominaga K, Fujiwara Y, Arakawa T. Toll-like receptor 2 mediates ischemia-reperfusion injury of the small intestine in adult mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110441. [PMID: 25329155 PMCID: PMC4199713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) recognizes conserved molecular patterns associated with both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, and detects some endogenous ligands. Previous studies demonstrated that in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of the small intestine, the TLR2-dependent signaling exerted preventive effects on the damage in young mice, but did not have a significant effect in neonatal mice. We investigated the role of TLR2 in adult ischemia-reperfusion injury in the small intestine. Wild-type and TLR2 knockout mice at 16 weeks of age were subjected to intestinal I/R injury. Some wild-type mice received anti-Ly-6G antibodies to deplete circulating neutrophils. In wild-type mice, I/R induced severe small intestinal injury characterized by infiltration by inflammatory cells, disruption of the mucosal epithelium, and mucosal bleeding. Compared to wild-type mice, TLR2 knockout mice exhibited less severe mucosal injury induced by I/R, with a 35%, 33%, and 43% reduction in histological grading score and luminal concentration of hemoglobin, and the numbers of apoptotic epithelial cells, respectively. The I/R increased the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a marker of neutrophil infiltration, and the levels of mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the small intestine of the wild-type mice by 3.3-, 3.2-, and 13.0-fold, respectively. TLR2 deficiency significantly inhibited the I/R-induced increase in MPO activity and the expression of mRNAs for TNF-α and ICAM-1, but did not affect the expression of COX-2 mRNA. I/R also enhanced TLR2 mRNA expression by 2.9-fold. TLR2 proteins were found to be expressed in the epithelial cells, inflammatory cells, and endothelial cells. Neutrophil depletion prevented intestinal I/R injury in wild-type mice. These findings suggest that TLR2 may mediate I/R injury of the small intestine in adult mice via induction of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α and ICAM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tetsuya Tanigawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kobata
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shogo Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Nadatani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Otani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Yamagami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Shiba
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunari Tominaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Arakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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13
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Hyperoxia exacerbates postnatal inflammation-induced lung injury in neonatal BRP-39 null mutant mice promoting the M1 macrophage phenotype. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:457189. [PMID: 24347826 PMCID: PMC3855965 DOI: 10.1155/2013/457189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Hyperoxia exposure to developing lungs-critical in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia-may augment lung inflammation by inhibiting anti-inflammatory mediators in alveolar macrophages. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the O2-induced effects on the polarization of macrophages and the role of anti-inflammatory BRP-39 in macrophage phenotype and neonatal lung injury. METHODS We used RAW264.7, peritoneal, and bone marrow derived macrophages for polarization (M1/M2) studies. For in vivo studies, wild-type (WT) and BRP-39(-/-) mice received continuous exposure to 21% O2 (control mice) or 100% O2 from postnatal (PN) 1 to PN7 days, along with intranasal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administered on alternate days (PN2, -4, and -6). Lung histology, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell counts, BAL protein, and cytokines measurements were performed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Hyperoxia differentially contributed to macrophage polarization by enhancing LPS induced M1 and inhibiting interleukin-4 induced M2 phenotype. BRP-39 absence led to further enhancement of the hyperoxia and LPS induced M1 phenotype. In addition, BRP-39(-/-) mice were significantly more sensitive to LPS plus hyperoxia induced lung injury and mortality compared to WT mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings collectively indicate that BRP-39 is involved in repressing the M1 proinflammatory phenotype in hyperoxia, thereby deactivating inflammatory responses in macrophages and preventing neonatal lung injury.
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