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Pereira JL, Ferreira F, Dos Santos NR. Antibody targeting of surface P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 leads to lymphoma apoptosis and tumorigenesis inhibition. Hematol Oncol 2024; 42:e3257. [PMID: 38415859 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of diseases that originate from T, B or natural killer cells. Lymphoma treatment is based on chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and monoclonal antibody (mAb) or other immunotherapies. The P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) is expressed at the surface of hematological malignant cells and has been shown to have a pro-oncogenic role in multiple myeloma and lymphoma. Here, we investigated the expression and therapeutic potential of PSGL-1 in T and B cell lymphomas. By flow cytometry analysis, we found that PSGL-1 was expressed in both T and B cell-derived lymphoma cell lines but generally at higher levels in T cell lymphoma cell lines. For most T and B cell-derived lymphoma cell lines, in vitro targeting with the PL1 mAb, which recognizes the PSGL-1 N-terminal extracellular region and blocks functional interactions with selectins, resulted in reduced cell viability. The PL1 mAb pro-apoptotic activity was shown to be dose-dependent, to be linked to increased ERK kinase phosphorylation, and to be dependent on the MAP kinase signaling pathway. Importantly, anti-PSGL-1 treatment of mice xenografted with the HUT-78 cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cell line resulted in decreased tumor growth, had no effect on in vivo proliferation, but increased the levels of apoptosis in tumors. Anti-PSGL-1 treatment of mice xenografted with a Burkitt lymphoma cell line that was resistant to anti-PSGL-1 treatment in vitro, had no impact on tumorigenesis. These findings show that PSGL-1 antibody targeting triggers lymphoma cell apoptosis and substantiates PSGL-1 as a potential target for lymphoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- João L Pereira
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- FMUP-Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Ferreira
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Master´s degree in Bioengineering, ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar and Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno R Dos Santos
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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2
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Kauffman K, Manfra D, Nowakowska D, Zafari M, Nguyen PA, Phennicie R, Vollmann EH, O'Nuallain B, Basinski S, Komoroski V, Rooney K, Culyba EK, Wahle J, Ries C, Brehm M, Sazinsky S, Feldman I, Novobrantseva TI. PSGL-1 Blockade Induces Classical Activation of Human Tumor-associated Macrophages. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:2182-2194. [PMID: 37819238 PMCID: PMC10601817 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The immune suppressive microenvironment is a major culprit for difficult-to-treat solid cancers. Particularly, inhibitory tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) define the resistant nature of the tumor milieu. To define tumor-enabling mechanisms of TAMs, we analyzed molecular clinical datasets correlating cell surface receptors with the TAM infiltrate. Though P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) is found on other immune cells and functions as an adhesion molecule, PSGL-1 is highly expressed on TAMs across multiple tumor types. siRNA-mediated knockdown and antibody-mediated inhibition revealed a role for PSGL-1 in maintaining an immune suppressed macrophage state. PSGL-1 knockdown or inhibition enhanced proinflammatory mediator release across assays and donors in vitro. In several syngeneic mouse models, PSGL-1 blockade alone and in combination with PD-1 blockade reduced tumor growth. Using a humanized tumor model, we observed the proinflammatory TAM switch following treatment with an anti-PSGL-1 antibody. In ex vivo patient-derived tumor cultures, a PSGL-1 blocking antibody increased expression of macrophage-derived proinflammatory cytokines, as well as IFNγ, indicative of T-cell activation. Our data demonstrate that PSGL-1 blockade reprograms TAMs, offering a new therapeutic avenue to patients not responding to T-cell immunotherapies, as well as patients with tumors devoid of T cells. SIGNIFICANCE This work is a significant and actionable advance, as it offers a novel approach to treating patients with cancer who do not respond to T-cell checkpoint inhibitors, as well as to patients with tumors lacking T-cell infiltration. We expect that this mechanism will be applicable in multiple indications characterized by infiltration of TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kate Rooney
- Verseau Therapeutics, Auburndale, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Carola Ries
- Dr. Carola Ries Consulting, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Michael Brehm
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | | | - Igor Feldman
- Verseau Therapeutics, Auburndale, Massachusetts
- Currently employed by Moderna Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Tatiana I. Novobrantseva
- Verseau Therapeutics, Auburndale, Massachusetts
- Currently employed by Moderna Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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3
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Díaz-García E, García-Sánchez A, Alfaro E, López-Fernández C, Mañas E, Cano-Pumarega I, López-Collazo E, García-Río F, Cubillos-Zapata C. PSGL-1: a novel immune checkpoint driving T-cell dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277551. [PMID: 37854605 PMCID: PMC10579800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although higher incidence of cancer represents a major burden for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, the molecular pathways driving this association are not completely understood. Recently, the adhesion receptor P-selectin glycoprotein-1 (PSGL 1) has been identified as a novel immune checkpoint, which are recognized major hallmarks in several types of cancer and have revolutionized cancer therapy. Methods The expression of PSGL-1 and its ligands VISTA and SIGLEC-5 was assessed in the leucocytes of OSA patients and control subjects exploring the role of intermittent hypoxia (IH) using in vitro models. In addition, PSGL-1 impact on T-cells function was evaluated by ex vivo models. Results Data showed PSGL-1 expression is upregulated in the T-lymphocytes from patients with severe OSA, indicating a relevant role of hypoxemia mediated by intermittent hypoxia. Besides, results suggest an inhibitory role of PSGL-1 on T-cell proliferation capacity. Finally, the expression of SIGLEC-5 but not VISTA was increased in monocytes from OSA patients, suggesting a regulatory role of intermittent hypoxia. Discussion In conclusion, PSGL-1 might constitute an additional immune checkpoint leading to T-cell dysfunction in OSA patients, contributing to the disruption of immune surveillance, which might provide biological plausibility to the higher incidence and aggressiveness of several tumors in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Díaz-García
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aldara García-Sánchez
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Alfaro
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina López-Fernández
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Mañas
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Río
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Cubillos-Zapata
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research – IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
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Interactions between Platelets and Tumor Microenvironment Components in Ovarian Cancer and Their Implications for Treatment and Clinical Outcomes. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041282. [PMID: 36831623 PMCID: PMC9953912 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets, the primary operatives of hemostasis that contribute to blood coagulation and wound healing after blood vessel injury, are also involved in pathological conditions, including cancer. Malignancy-associated thrombosis is common in ovarian cancer patients and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Platelets extravasate into the tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer and interact with cancer cells and non-cancerous elements. Ovarian cancer cells also activate platelets. The communication between activated platelets, cancer cells, and the tumor microenvironment is via various platelet membrane proteins or mediators released through degranulation or the secretion of microvesicles from platelets. These interactions trigger signaling cascades in tumors that promote ovarian cancer progression, metastasis, and neoangiogenesis. This review discusses how interactions between platelets, cancer cells, cancer stem cells, stromal cells, and the extracellular matrix in the tumor microenvironment influence ovarian cancer progression. It also presents novel potential therapeutic approaches toward this gynecological cancer.
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Rossi B, Dusi S, Angelini G, Bani A, Lopez N, Della Bianca V, Pietronigro EC, Zenaro E, Zocco C, Constantin G. Alpha4 beta7 integrin controls Th17 cell trafficking in the spinal cord leptomeninges during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1071553. [PMID: 37143680 PMCID: PMC10151683 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1071553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Th1 and Th17 cell migration into the central nervous system (CNS) is a fundamental process in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Particularly, leptomeningeal vessels of the subarachnoid space (SAS) constitute a central route for T cell entry into the CNS during EAE. Once migrated into the SAS, T cells show an active motility behavior, which is a prerequisite for cell-cell communication, in situ reactivation and neuroinflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms selectively controlling Th1 and Th17 cell trafficking in the inflamed leptomeninges are not well understood. By using epifluorescence intravital microscopy, we obtained results showing that myelin-specific Th1 and Th17 cells have different intravascular adhesion capacity depending on the disease phase, with Th17 cells being more adhesive at disease peak. Inhibition of αLβ2 integrin selectively blocked Th1 cell adhesion, but had no effect on Th17 rolling and arrest capacity during all disease phases, suggesting that distinct adhesion mechanisms control the migration of key T cell populations involved in EAE induction. Blockade of α4 integrins affected myelin-specific Th1 cell rolling and arrest, but only selectively altered intravascular arrest of Th17 cells. Notably, selective α4β7 integrin blockade inhibited Th17 cell arrest without interfering with intravascular Th1 cell adhesion, suggesting that α4β7 integrin is predominantly involved in Th17 cell migration into the inflamed leptomeninges in EAE mice. Two-photon microscopy experiments showed that blockade of α4 integrin chain or α4β7 integrin selectively inhibited the locomotion of extravasated antigen-specific Th17 cells in the SAS, but had no effect on Th1 cell intratissue dynamics, further pointing to α4β7 integrin as key molecule in Th17 cell trafficking during EAE development. Finally, therapeutic inhibition of α4β7 integrin at disease onset by intrathecal injection of a blocking antibody attenuated clinical severity and reduced neuroinflammation, further demonstrating a crucial role for α4β7 integrin in driving Th17 cell-mediated disease pathogenesis. Altogether, our data suggest that a better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms controlling myelin-specific Th1 and Th17 cell trafficking during EAE delevopment may help to identify new therapeutic strategies for CNS inflammatory and demyelinating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Rossi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- *Correspondence: Barbara Rossi, ; Gabriela Constantin,
| | - Silvia Dusi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Nicola Lopez
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Elena Zenaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carlotta Zocco
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- *Correspondence: Barbara Rossi, ; Gabriela Constantin,
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6
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Estrada Brull A, Panetti C, Joller N. Moving to the Outskirts: Interplay Between Regulatory T Cells and Peripheral Tissues. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864628. [PMID: 35572535 PMCID: PMC9099010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) restrain excessive immune responses and dampen inflammation. In addition to this classical immune suppressive role, Tregs in non-lymphoid tissues also promote tissue homeostasis, regeneration and repair. In this review, we outline our current understanding of how Tregs migrate to peripheral tissues and the factors required for their maintenance at these sites. We discuss the tissue-specific adaptations of Tregs at barrier and immuno-privileged sites and the mechanisms that regulate their function within these organs. Furthermore, we outline what is known about the interactions of Tregs with non-immune cells in the different peripheral tissues at steady state and upon challenge or tissue damage. A thorough understanding of the tissue-specific adaptations and functions of Tregs will potentially pave the way for therapeutic approaches targeting their regenerative role.
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7
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DeRogatis JM, Viramontes KM, Neubert EN, Henriquez ML, Guerrero-Juarez CF, Tinoco R. Targeting the PSGL-1 Immune Checkpoint Promotes Immunity to PD-1 Resistant Melanoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2022; 10:612-625. [PMID: 35303066 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-21-0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have had impressive efficacy in some cancer patients, reinvigorating long-term durable immune responses against tumors. Despite the clinical success of these therapies, most cancer patients continue to be unresponsive to these treatments, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic options. Although P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) has been shown to inhibit immune responses in a variety of disease models, previous work has yet to address whether PSGL-1 can be targeted therapeutically to promote antitumor immunity. Using an aggressive melanoma tumor model, we targeted PSGL-1 in tumor-bearing mice and found increased effector CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses and decreased regulatory T cells (Tregs) in tumors. T cells exhibited increased effector function, activation, and proliferation, which delayed tumor growth in mice after anti-PSGL-1 treatment. Targeting PD-1 in PSGL-1-deficient, tumor-bearing mice led to an increased frequency of mice with complete tumor eradication. Targeting both PSGL-1 and PD-1 in wild-type tumor-bearing mice also showed enhanced anti-tumor immunity and slowed melanoma tumor growth. Our findings showed that therapeutically targeting the PSGL-1 immune checkpoint can reinvigorate anti-tumor immunity and suggest that targeting PSGL-1 may represent a new therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Roberto Tinoco
- University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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8
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Mapunda JA, Tibar H, Regragui W, Engelhardt B. How Does the Immune System Enter the Brain? Front Immunol 2022; 13:805657. [PMID: 35273596 PMCID: PMC8902072 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.805657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is considered the most frequent inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It occurs with a variable prevalence across the world. A rich armamentarium of disease modifying therapies selectively targeting specific actions of the immune system is available for the treatment of MS. Understanding how and where immune cells are primed, how they access the CNS in MS and how immunomodulatory treatments affect neuroinflammation requires a proper knowledge on the mechanisms regulating immune cell trafficking and the special anatomy of the CNS. The brain barriers divide the CNS into different compartments that differ with respect to their accessibility to cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. In steady state, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits immune cell trafficking to activated T cells, which can reach the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) filled compartments to ensure CNS immune surveillance. In MS immune cells breach a second barrier, the glia limitans to reach the CNS parenchyma. Here we will summarize the role of the endothelial, epithelial and glial brain barriers in regulating immune cell entry into the CNS and which immunomodulatory treatments for MS target the brain barriers. Finally, we will explore current knowledge on genetic and environmental factors that may influence immune cell entry into the CNS during neuroinflammation in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Houyam Tibar
- Medical School of Rabat, Mohamed 5 University, Rabat, Morocco.,Hôpital des spécialités de Rabat, Ibn Sina University Hospital of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Wafa Regragui
- Medical School of Rabat, Mohamed 5 University, Rabat, Morocco.,Hôpital des spécialités de Rabat, Ibn Sina University Hospital of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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9
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Jacobelli J, Buser AE, Heiden DL, Friedman RS. Autoimmunity in motion: Mechanisms of immune regulation and destruction revealed by in vivo imaging. Immunol Rev 2022; 306:181-199. [PMID: 34825390 PMCID: PMC9135487 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmunity arises when mechanisms of immune tolerance fail. Here we discuss mechanisms of T cell activation and tolerance and the dynamics of the autoimmune response at the site of disease. Live imaging of autoimmunity provides the ability to analyze immune cell dynamics at the single-cell level within the complex intact environment where disease occurs. These analyses have revealed mechanisms of T cell activation and tolerance in the lymph nodes, mechanisms of T cell entry into sites of autoimmune disease, and mechanisms leading to pathogenesis or protection in the autoimmune lesions. The overarching conclusions point to stable versus transient T cell antigen presenting cell interactions dictating the balance between T cell activation and tolerance, and T cell restimulation as a driver of pathogenesis at the site of autoimmunity. Findings from models of multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes are highlighted, however, the results have implications for basic mechanisms of T cell regulation during immune responses, tumor immunity, and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Jacobelli
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Alan E. Buser
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Dustin L. Heiden
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Rachel S. Friedman
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
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10
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The posttraumatic response of CD4+ regulatory T cells is modulated by direct cell-cell contact via CD40L- and P-selectin-dependent pathways. Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 46:283-294. [PMID: 34764800 PMCID: PMC8574106 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2021.109171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+ FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (CD4+ Tregs) are important for the posttraumatic anti-inflammatory host response. As described previously, platelets are able to modulate CD4+ Treg activity in a reciprocally activating interaction following injury. The underlying mechanisms of the posttraumatic interaction between platelets and CD4+ Tregs remain unclear. We investigated the potential influence of CD40L and P-selectin, molecules known to be involved in direct cell contact of these cell types. In a murine burn injury model, the potential interaction pathways were addressed using CD40L- and P-selectin-deficient mice. Draining lymph nodes were harvested following trauma (1 h) and following a sham procedure. Early rapid activation of CD4+ Tregs was assessed by phospho-flow cytometry (signaling molecules (p)PKC-δ and (p)ZAP-70). Platelet function was analyzed performing rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM). We hypothesized that disruption of the direct cell-cell contact via CD40L and P-selectin would affect posttraumatic activation of CD4+ Tregs and influence the hemostatic function of platelets. Indeed, while injury induced early activation of CD4+ Tregs in wild-type mice (ZAP-70: p = 0.13, pZAP-70: p < 0.05, PKC-δ: p < 0.05, pPKC-δ: p < 0.05), disruption of CD40L-dependent interaction (ZAP-70: p = 0.57, pZAP-70: p = 0.68, PKC-δ: p = 0.68, pPKC-δ: p = 0.9) or P-selectin-dependent interaction (ZAP-70: p = 0.78, pZAP-70: p = 0.58, PKC-δ: p = 0.81, pPKC-δ: p = 0.73) resulted in reduced posttraumatic activation. Furthermore, hemostatic function was impaired towards hypocoagulability in either deficiency. Our results suggest that the posttraumatic activation of CD4+ Tregs and hemostatic function of platelets are affected by direct cell-cell-signaling via CD40L and P-selectin.
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11
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Yu K, Hammerschmidt SI, Permanyer M, Galla M, Rothe M, Zheng X, Werth K, Martens R, Lueder Y, Janssen A, Friedrichsen M, Bernhardt G, Förster R. Targeted delivery of regulatory macrophages to lymph nodes interferes with T cell priming by preventing the formation of stable immune synapses. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109273. [PMID: 34161766 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive myeloid cells are frequently induced in tumors and attenuate anti-tumor effector functions. In this study, we differentiate immunosuppressive regulatory macrophages (Mregs) from hematopoietic progenitors and test their potential to suppress adaptive immune responses in lymph nodes. Targeted delivery of Mregs to lymph nodes is facilitated by retroviral overexpression of the chemokine receptor CCR7 and intra-lymphatic cell application. Delivery of Mregs completely abolishes the priming of cognate CD8 cells and strongly reduces delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. Mreg-mediated T cell suppression requires cell-cell contact-regulated nitric oxide production. Two-photon microscopy reveals that nitric oxide produced by Mregs reduces the interaction duration between dendritic cells and T cells. Exposure of activated T cells to nitric oxide strongly reduces their binding to ICAM-1, indicating that nitrosylation of proteins involved in cell adhesion affects synapse formation. Thus, this study identifies a mechanism of myeloid cell-mediated immune suppression and provides an approach for its therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yu
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Marc Permanyer
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Melanie Galla
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Rothe
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kathrin Werth
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rieke Martens
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Yvonne Lueder
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Anika Janssen
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Günter Bernhardt
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhold Förster
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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12
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Belmonte B, Cancila V, Gulino A, Navari M, Arancio W, Macor P, Balduit A, Capolla S, Morello G, Vacca D, Ferrara I, Bertolazzi G, Balistreri CR, Amico P, Ferrante F, Maiorana A, Salviato T, Piccaluga PP, Mangogna A. Constitutive PSGL-1 Correlates with CD30 and TCR Pathways and Represents a Potential Target for Immunotherapy in Anaplastic Large T-Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122958. [PMID: 34204843 PMCID: PMC8231564 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), coded by the SELPLG gene, is the major ligand of selectins and plays a pivotal role in tethering, rolling and extravasation of immune cells. PSGL-1 involvement in core molecular programs, such as SYK, PLCγ2, PI3Kγ or MAPK pathways, suggests additional functions beyond the modulation of cell trafficking. Recently, several studies identified a novel mechanism responsible for PSGL-1-mediated immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment and proved a novel concept of PSGL-1 as a critical checkpoint molecule for tumor immunotherapy. The immunotherapeutic approach has gained an ever-growing interest in the treatment of several hematological malignancies, and in particular, novel targets for immunotherapy are still highly sought-after in T-cell lymphomas. Based on our results obtained through gene expression profiling and immunohistochemical analysis, PSGL-1, already suggested as a potential target in multiple myeloma humoral immunotherapy, could be considered noteworthy among the candidates. Abstract Due to the high expression of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) in lymphoproliferative disorders and in multiple myeloma, it has been considered as a potential target for humoral immunotherapy, as well as an immune checkpoint inhibitor in T-cells. By investigating the expression of SELPLG in 678 T- and B-cell samples by gene expression profiling (GEP), further supported by tissue microarray and immunohistochemical analysis, we identified anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma (ALCL) as constitutively expressing SELPLG at high levels. Moreover, GEP analysis in CD30+ ALCLs highlighted a positive correlation of SELPLG with TNFRSF8 (CD30-coding gene) and T-cell receptor (TCR)-signaling genes (LCK, LAT, SYK and JUN), suggesting that the common dysregulation of TCR expression in ALCLs may be bypassed by the involvement of PSGL-1 in T-cell activation and survival. Finally, we evaluated the effects elicited by in vitro treatment with two anti-PSGL-1 antibodies (KPL-1 and TB5) on the activation of the complement system and induction of apoptosis in human ALCL cell lines. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that PSGL-1 is specifically enriched in ALCLs, altering cell motility and viability due to its involvement in CD30 and TCR signaling, and it might be considered as a promising candidate for novel immunotherapeutic approaches in ALCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Belmonte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (B.B.); (V.C.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (D.V.); (I.F.); (G.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Valeria Cancila
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (B.B.); (V.C.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (D.V.); (I.F.); (G.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Alessandro Gulino
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (B.B.); (V.C.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (D.V.); (I.F.); (G.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Mohsen Navari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh 95196 33787, Iran;
- Research Center of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh 95196 33787, Iran
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91766 99199, Iran
| | - Walter Arancio
- Advanced Data Analysis Group, Fondazione Ri.MED, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Paolo Macor
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (P.M.); (A.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Andrea Balduit
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (P.M.); (A.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Sara Capolla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (P.M.); (A.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Gaia Morello
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (B.B.); (V.C.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (D.V.); (I.F.); (G.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Davide Vacca
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (B.B.); (V.C.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (D.V.); (I.F.); (G.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Ines Ferrara
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (B.B.); (V.C.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (D.V.); (I.F.); (G.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Giorgio Bertolazzi
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (B.B.); (V.C.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (D.V.); (I.F.); (G.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Carmela Rita Balistreri
- Department of BioMedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Paolo Amico
- Department of Pathology, Cannizzaro Hospital, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Federica Ferrante
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy; (B.B.); (V.C.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (D.V.); (I.F.); (G.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Antonino Maiorana
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Tiziana Salviato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy; (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Pier Paolo Piccaluga
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Section of Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Istituto Euro-Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, 00622 Juja, Kenya
| | - Alessandro Mangogna
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
- Correspondence:
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13
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DeRogatis JM, Viramontes KM, Neubert EN, Tinoco R. PSGL-1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibition for CD4 + T Cell Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:636238. [PMID: 33708224 PMCID: PMC7940186 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.636238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibition targeting T cells has shown tremendous promise in the treatment of many cancer types and are now standard therapies for patients. While standard therapies have focused on PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade, additional immune checkpoints have shown promise in promoting anti-tumor immunity. PSGL-1, primarily known for its role in cellular migration, has also been shown to function as a negative regulator of CD4+ T cells in numerous disease settings including cancer. PSGL-1 is highly expressed on T cells and can engage numerous ligands that impact signaling pathways, which may modulate CD4+ T cell differentiation and function. PSGL-1 engagement in the tumor microenvironment may promote CD4+ T cell exhaustion pathways that favor tumor growth. Here we highlight that blocking the PSGL-1 pathway on CD4+ T cells may represent a new cancer therapy approach to eradicate tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roberto Tinoco
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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14
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The Functional Crosstalk between Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Regulatory T Cells within the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020210. [PMID: 33430105 PMCID: PMC7827203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/1970] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immunotherapy improved the therapeutic landscape for patients with advanced cancer diseases. However, many patients do not benefit from immunotherapy. The bidirectional crosstalk between myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and regulatory T cells (Treg) contributes to immune evasion, limiting the success of immunotherapy by checkpoint inhibitors. This review aims to outline the current knowledge of the role and the immunosuppressive properties of MDSC and Treg within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, we will discuss the importance of the functional crosstalk between MDSC and Treg for immunosuppression, issuing particularly the role of cell adhesion molecules. Lastly, we will depict the impact of this interaction for cancer research and discuss several strategies aimed to target these pathways for tumor therapy. Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have led to profound and durable tumor regression in some patients with metastatic cancer diseases. However, many patients still do not derive benefit from immunotherapy. Here, the accumulation of immunosuppressive cell populations within the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), and regulatory T cells (Treg), contributes to the development of immune resistance. MDSC and Treg expand systematically in tumor patients and inhibit T cell activation and T effector cell function. Numerous studies have shown that the immunosuppressive mechanisms exerted by those inhibitory cell populations comprise soluble immunomodulatory mediators and receptor interactions. The latter are also required for the crosstalk of MDSC and Treg, raising questions about the relevance of cell–cell contacts for the establishment of their inhibitory properties. This review aims to outline the current knowledge on the crosstalk between these two cell populations, issuing particularly the potential role of cell adhesion molecules. In this regard, we further discuss the relevance of β2 integrins, which are essential for the differentiation and function of leukocytes as well as for MDSC–Treg interaction. Lastly, we aim to describe the impact of such bidirectional crosstalk for basic and applied cancer research and discuss how the targeting of these pathways might pave the way for future approaches in immunotherapy.
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15
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González‐Tajuelo R, de la Fuente‐Fernández M, Morales‐Cano D, Muñoz‐Callejas A, González‐Sánchez E, Silván J, Serrador JM, Cadenas S, Barreira B, Espartero‐Santos M, Gamallo C, Vicente‐Rabaneda EF, Castañeda S, Pérez‐Vizcaíno F, Cogolludo Á, Jiménez‐Borreguero LJ, Urzainqui A. Spontaneous Pulmonary Hypertension Associated With Systemic Sclerosis in P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand 1-Deficient Mice. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:477-487. [PMID: 31509349 PMCID: PMC7065124 DOI: 10.1002/art.41100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), one of the major complications of systemic sclerosis (SSc), is a rare disease with unknown etiopathogenesis and noncurative treatments. As mice deficient in P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) develop a spontaneous SSc-like syndrome, we undertook this study to analyze whether they develop PAH and to examine the molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS Doppler echocardiography was used to estimate pulmonary pressure, immunohistochemistry was used to assess vascular remodeling, and myography of dissected pulmonary artery rings was used to analyze vascular reactivity. Angiotensin II (Ang II) levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting was used to measure Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1 R), AT2 R, endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and phosphorylated eNOS expression in lung lysates. Flow cytometry allowed us to determine cytokine production by immune cells and NO production by endothelial cells. In all cases, there were 4-8 mice per experimental group. RESULTS PSGL-1-/- mice showed lung vessel wall remodeling and a reduced mean ± SD expression of pulmonary AT2 R (expression ratio [relative to β-actin] in female mice age >18 months: wild-type mice 0.799 ± 0.508 versus knockout mice 0.346 ± 0.229). With aging, female PSGL-1-/- mice had impaired up-regulation of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and developed lung vascular endothelial dysfunction coinciding with an increase in mean ± SEM pulmonary Ang II levels (wild-type 48.70 ± 5.13 pg/gm lung tissue versus knockout 78.02 ± 28.09 pg/gm lung tissue) and a decrease in eNOS phosphorylation, leading to reduced endothelial NO production. These events led to a reduction in the pulmonary artery acceleration time:ejection time ratio in 33% of aged female PSGL-1-/- mice, indicating pulmonary hypertension. Importantly, we found expanded populations of interferon-γ-producing PSGL-1-/- T cells and B cells and a reduced presence of regulatory T cells. CONCLUSION The absence of PSGL-1 induces a reduction in Treg cells, NO production, and ERα expression and causes an increase in Ang II in the lungs of female mice, favoring the development of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael González‐Tajuelo
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | | | - Daniel Morales‐Cano
- University Complutense of Madrid School of Medicine and Ciber Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadridSpain
| | - Antonio Muñoz‐Callejas
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Elena González‐Sánchez
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Javier Silván
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Juan Manuel Serrador
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) and Instituto de Física Teórica CSIC/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
| | - Susana Cadenas
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, and CBMSO, CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
| | - Bianca Barreira
- University Complutense of Madrid School of Medicine and Ciber Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadridSpain
| | - Marina Espartero‐Santos
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Carlos Gamallo
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Esther F. Vicente‐Rabaneda
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Santos Castañeda
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, and Catedra UAM‐ROCHEMadridSpain
| | - Francisco Pérez‐Vizcaíno
- University Complutense of Madrid School of Medicine and Ciber Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadridSpain
| | - Ángel Cogolludo
- University Complutense of Madrid School of Medicine and Ciber Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadridSpain
| | | | - Ana Urzainqui
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
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16
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VISTA is an acidic pH-selective ligand for PSGL-1. Nature 2019; 574:565-570. [PMID: 31645726 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1674-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Co-inhibitory immune receptors can contribute to T cell dysfunction in patients with cancer1,2. Blocking antibodies against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) partially reverse this effect and are becoming standard of care in an increasing number of malignancies3. However, many of the other axes by which tumours become inhospitable to T cells are not fully understood. Here we report that V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) engages and suppresses T cells selectively at acidic pH such as that found in tumour microenvironments. Multiple histidine residues along the rim of the VISTA extracellular domain mediate binding to the adhesion and co-inhibitory receptor P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). Antibodies engineered to selectively bind and block this interaction in acidic environments were sufficient to reverse VISTA-mediated immune suppression in vivo. These findings identify a mechanism by which VISTA may engender resistance to anti-tumour immune responses, as well as an unexpectedly determinative role for pH in immune co-receptor engagement.
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17
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Dusi S, Angiari S, Pietronigro EC, Lopez N, Angelini G, Zenaro E, Della Bianca V, Tosadori G, Paris F, Amoruso A, Carlucci T, Constantin G, Rossi B. LFA-1 Controls Th1 and Th17 Motility Behavior in the Inflamed Central Nervous System. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2436. [PMID: 31681316 PMCID: PMC6813462 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte trafficking is a key event during autoimmune and inflammatory responses. The subarachnoid space (SAS) and cerebrospinal fluid are major routes for the migration of encephalitogenic T cells into the central nervous system (CNS) during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of multiple sclerosis, and are sites of T cell activation before the invasion of CNS parenchyma. In particular, autoreactive Th1 and Th17 cell trafficking and reactivation in the CNS are required for the pathogenesis of EAE. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling T cell dynamics during EAE are unclear. We used two-photon laser microscopy to show that autoreactive Th1 and Th17 cells display distinct motility behavior within the SAS in the spinal cords of mice immunized with the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide MOG35−55. Th1 cells showed a strong directional bias at the disease peak, moving in a straight line and covering long distances, whereas Th17 cells exhibited more constrained motility. The dynamics of both Th1 and Th17 cells were strongly affected by blocking the integrin LFA-1, which interfered with the deformability and biomechanics of Th1 but not Th17 cells. The intrathecal injection of a blocking anti-LFA-1 antibody at the onset of disease significantly inhibited EAE progression and also strongly reduced neuro-inflammation in the immunized mice. Our results show that LFA-1 plays a pivotal role in T cell motility during EAE and suggest that interfering with the molecular mechanisms controlling T cell motility can help to reduce the pathogenic potential of autoreactive lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Dusi
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Angiari
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Angelini
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Zenaro
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vittorina Della Bianca
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Tosadori
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Paris
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonella Amoruso
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Tommaso Carlucci
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Salas-Perdomo A, Miró-Mur F, Urra X, Justicia C, Gallizioli M, Zhao Y, Brait VH, Laredo C, Tudela R, Hidalgo A, Chamorro Á, Planas AM. T Cells Prevent Hemorrhagic Transformation in Ischemic Stroke by P-Selectin Binding. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:1761-1771. [PMID: 29903733 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective- Hemorrhagic transformation is a serious complication of ischemic stroke after recanalization therapies. This study aims to identify mechanisms underlying hemorrhagic transformation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Approach and Results- We used wild-type mice and Selplg-/- and Fut7-/- mice defective in P-selectin binding and lymphopenic Rag2-/- mice. We induced 30-minute or 45-minute ischemia by intraluminal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and assessed hemorrhagic transformation at 48 hours with a hemorrhage grading score, histological means, brain hemoglobin content, or magnetic resonance imaging. We depleted platelets and adoptively transferred T cells of the different genotypes to lymphopenic mice. Interactions of T cells with platelets in blood were studied by flow cytometry and image stream technology. We show that platelet depletion increased the bleeding risk only after large infarcts. Lymphopenia predisposed to hemorrhagic transformation after severe stroke, and adoptive transfer of T cells prevented hemorrhagic transformation in lymphopenic mice. CD4+ memory T cells were the subset of T cells binding P-selectin and platelets through functional P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1. Mice defective in P-selectin binding had a higher hemorrhagic score than wild-type mice. Adoptive transfer of T cells defective in P-selectin binding into lymphopenic mice did not prevent hemorrhagic transformation. Conclusions- The study identifies lymphopenia as a previously unrecognized risk factor for secondary hemorrhagic transformation in mice after severe ischemic stroke. T cells prevent hemorrhagic transformation by their capacity to bind platelets through P-selectin. The results highlight the role of T cells in bridging immunity and hemostasis in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Salas-Perdomo
- From the Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (A.S.-P., C.J., M.G., A.M.P.)
| | - Francesc Miró-Mur
- Functional Unit of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., Á.C.).,Area of Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., C.J., M.G., Y.Z., V.H.B., C.L., Á.C., A.M.P.)
| | - Xabier Urra
- Functional Unit of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., Á.C.).,Area of Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., C.J., M.G., Y.Z., V.H.B., C.L., Á.C., A.M.P.)
| | - Carles Justicia
- From the Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (A.S.-P., C.J., M.G., A.M.P.).,Area of Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., C.J., M.G., Y.Z., V.H.B., C.L., Á.C., A.M.P.)
| | - Mattia Gallizioli
- From the Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (A.S.-P., C.J., M.G., A.M.P.).,Area of Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., C.J., M.G., Y.Z., V.H.B., C.L., Á.C., A.M.P.)
| | - Yashu Zhao
- Area of Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., C.J., M.G., Y.Z., V.H.B., C.L., Á.C., A.M.P.)
| | - Vanessa H Brait
- Area of Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., C.J., M.G., Y.Z., V.H.B., C.L., Á.C., A.M.P.)
| | - Carlos Laredo
- Area of Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., C.J., M.G., Y.Z., V.H.B., C.L., Á.C., A.M.P.)
| | - Raúl Tudela
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Biomedical Imaging Group, Barcelona, Spain (R.T.)
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.H.).,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität, Munich, Germany (A.H.)
| | - Ángel Chamorro
- Functional Unit of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., Á.C.).,Area of Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., C.J., M.G., Y.Z., V.H.B., C.L., Á.C., A.M.P.)
| | - Anna M Planas
- From the Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (A.S.-P., C.J., M.G., A.M.P.).,Area of Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (F.M.-M., X.U., C.J., M.G., Y.Z., V.H.B., C.L., Á.C., A.M.P.)
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19
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Ugur M, Mueller SN. T cell and dendritic cell interactions in lymphoid organs: More than just being in the right place at the right time. Immunol Rev 2019; 289:115-128. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milas Ugur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Scott N. Mueller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne Victoria Australia
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
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20
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Nanovesicles from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit T lymphocyte trafficking and ameliorate chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7473. [PMID: 29748664 PMCID: PMC5945853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25676-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell based-therapies represent promising strategies for the treatment of neurological diseases. We have previously shown that adipose stem cells (ASC) ameliorate chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Recent evidence indicates that most ASC paracrine effects are mediated by extracellular vesicles, i.e. micro- and nanovesicles (MVs and NVs). We show that preventive intravenous administration of NVs isolated from ASC (ASC-NVs) before disease onset significantly reduces the severity of EAE and decreases spinal cord inflammation and demyelination, whereas therapeutic treatment with ASC-NVs does not ameliorate established EAE. This treatment marginally inhibits antigen-specific T cell activation, while reducing microglial activation and demyelination in the spinal cord. Importantly, ASC-NVs inhibited integrin-dependent adhesion of encephalitogenic T cells in vitro, with no effect on adhesion molecule expression. In addition, intravital microscopy showed that encephalitogenic T cells treated with ASC NVs display a significantly reduced rolling and firm adhesion in inflamed spinal cord vessels compared to untreated cells. Our results show that ASC-NVs ameliorate EAE pathogenesis mainly by inhibiting T cell extravasation in the inflamed CNS, suggesting that NVs may represent a novel therapeutic approach in neuro-inflammatory diseases, enabling the safe administration of ASC effector factors.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) as a selectin and chemokine-binding adhesion molecule. PSGL-1 is widely studied in neutrophils. Here, we focus on T cells, because PSGL-1 was recently described as a major immunomodulatory molecule during viral infection. PSGL-1 also plays a crucial role in T-cell homeostasis by binding to lymphoid chemokines, and can induce tolerance by enhancing the functions of regulatory T cells. RECENT FINDINGS PSGL-1 was originally described as a leukocyte ligand for P-selectin, but it is actually a ligand for all selectins (P-, L- and E-selectin), binds chemokines, activates integrins and profoundly affects T-cell biology. It has been shown recently that PSGL-1 can modulate T cells during viral infection by acting as a negative regulator for T-cell functions. Absence of PSGL-1 promotes effector CD4 and CD8 T-cell differentiation and prevents T-cell exhaustion. Consistent with this, tumor growth was significantly reduced in PSGL-1-deficient mice because of an enhanced number of effector T cells together with reduced levels of inhibitory receptors that induce T-cell exhaustion. SUMMARY PSGL-1 is the best-studied selectin ligand and has become a posterchild of versatility in leukocyte adhesion, inflammation and immunology. The direct involvement of PSGL-1 in T-cell biology suggests that it might be a drug target. Indeed, PSGL-1 has been tested in some clinical trials and recently, PSGL-1 blockers were proposed as a potential cotherapy in cancer immunotherapy.
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PSGL-1: A New Player in the Immune Checkpoint Landscape. Trends Immunol 2017; 38:323-335. [PMID: 28262471 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) has long been studied as an adhesion molecule involved in immune cell trafficking and is recognized as a regulator of many facets of immune responses by myeloid cells. PSGL-1 also regulates T cell migration during homeostasis and inflammatory settings. However, recent findings indicate that PSGL-1 can also negatively regulate T cell function. Because T cell differentiation is finely tuned by multiple positive and negative regulatory signals that appropriately scale the magnitude of the immune response, PSGL-1 has emerged as an important checkpoint during this process. We summarize what is known regarding PSGL-1 structure and function and highlight how it may act as an immune checkpoint inhibitor in T cells.
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P-Selectin preserves immune tolerance in mice and is reduced in human cutaneous lupus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41841. [PMID: 28150814 PMCID: PMC5288776 DOI: 10.1038/srep41841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice deficient in P-Selectin presented altered immunity/tolerance balance. We have observed that the absence of P-Selectin promotes splenomegaly with reduced naïve T cell population, elevated activated/effector T cell subset, increased germinal center B and Tfh populations and high production of autoreactive antibodies. Moreover, 1.5-3-month-old P-selectin KO mice showed reduced IL-10-producing leukocytes in blood and a slightly reduced Treg population in the skin. With aging and, coinciding with disease severity, there is an increase in the IL17+ circulating and dermal T cell subpopulations and reduction of dermal Treg. As a consequence, P-Selectin deficient mice developed a progressive autoimmune syndrome showing skin alterations characteristic of lupus prone mice and elevated circulating autoantibodies, including anti-dsDNA. Similar to human SLE, disease pathogenesis was characterized by deposition of immune complexes in the dermoepidermal junction and renal glomeruli, and a complex pattern of autoantibodies. More important, skin biopsies of cutaneous lupus erythematosus patients did not show increased expression of P-Selectin, as described for other inflammatory diseases, and the number of vessels expressing P-Selectin was reduced.
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Rossi B, Constantin G. Live Imaging of Immune Responses in Experimental Models of Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2016; 7:506. [PMID: 27917173 PMCID: PMC5116921 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most common animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by multifocal perivascular infiltrates that predominantly comprise lymphocytes and macrophages. During EAE, autoreactive T cells first become active in the secondary lymphoid organs upon contact with antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and then gain access to CNS parenchyma, through a compromised blood–brain barrier, subsequently inducing inflammation and demyelination. Two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM) is an ideal tool for intravital imaging because of its low phototoxicity, deep tissue penetration, and high resolution. In the last decade, TPLSM has been used to visualize the behavior of T cells and their contact with APCs in the lymph nodes (LNs) and target tissues in several models of autoimmune diseases. The leptomeninges and cerebrospinal fluid represent particularly important points for T cell entry into the CNS and reactivation following contact with local APCs during the preclinical phase of EAE. In this review, we highlight recent findings concerning the pathogenesis of EAE and MS, emphasizing the use of TPLSM to characterize T cell activation in the LNs and CNS, as well as the mechanisms of tolerance induction. Furthermore, we discuss how advanced imaging unveils disease mechanisms and helps to identify novel therapeutic strategies to treat CNS autoimmunity and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Rossi
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
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25
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Chen J, Haller CA, Chaikof EL. Immune checkpoint regulator: a new assignment proposed for the classic adhesion molecule P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1. Transl Cancer Res 2016; 5:S668-S671. [PMID: 30613475 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2016.10.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Chen
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carolyn A Haller
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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26
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Fu H, Ward EJ, Marelli-Berg FM. Mechanisms of T cell organotropism. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3009-33. [PMID: 27038487 PMCID: PMC4951510 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protective immunity relies upon T cell differentiation and subsequent migration to target tissues. Similarly, immune homeostasis requires the localization of regulatory T cells (Tregs) to the sites where immunity takes place. While naïve T lymphocytes recirculate predominantly in secondary lymphoid tissue, primed T cells and activated Tregs must traffic to the antigen rich non-lymphoid tissue to exert effector and regulatory responses, respectively. Following priming in draining lymph nodes, T cells acquire the 'homing receptors' to facilitate their access to specific tissues and organs. An additional level of topographic specificity is provided by T cells receptor recognition of antigen displayed by the endothelium. Furthermore, co-stimulatory signals (such as those induced by CD28) have been shown not only to regulate T cell activation and differentiation, but also to orchestrate the anatomy of the ensuing T cell response. We here review the molecular mechanisms supporting trafficking of both effector and regulatory T cells to specific antigen-rich tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Fu
- William Harvey Research Institute, Heart Centre, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Eleanor Jayne Ward
- William Harvey Research Institute, Heart Centre, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Federica M Marelli-Berg
- William Harvey Research Institute, Heart Centre, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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Gilson RC, Tang R, Som A, Klajer C, Sarder P, Sudlow GP, Akers WJ, Achilefu S. Protonation and Trapping of a Small pH-Sensitive Near-Infrared Fluorescent Molecule in the Acidic Tumor Environment Delineate Diverse Tumors in Vivo. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:4237-46. [PMID: 26488921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced glycolysis and poor perfusion in most solid malignant tumors create an acidic extracellular environment, which enhances tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Complex molecular systems have been explored for imaging and treating these tumors. Here, we report the development of a small molecule, LS662, that emits near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence upon protonation by the extracellular acidic pH environment of diverse solid tumors. Protonation of LS662 induces selective internalization into tumor cells and retention in the tumor microenvironment. Noninvasive NIR imaging demonstrates selective retention of the pH sensor in diverse tumors, and two-photon microscopy of ex vivo tumors reveals significant retention of LS662 in tumor cells and the acid tumor microenvironment. Passive and active internalization processes combine to enhance NIR fluorescence in tumors over time. The low background fluorescence allows tumors to be detected with high sensitivity, as well as dead or dying cells to be delineated from healthy cells. In addition to demonstrating the feasibility of using small molecule pH sensors to image multiple aggressive solid tumor types via a protonation-induced internalization and retention pathway, the study reveals the potential of using LS662 to monitor treatment response and tumor-targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Gilson
- Departments of †Radiology, ‡Biomedical Engineering, and §Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis 63110, United States
| | - Rui Tang
- Departments of †Radiology, ‡Biomedical Engineering, and §Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis 63110, United States
| | - Avik Som
- Departments of †Radiology, ‡Biomedical Engineering, and §Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis 63110, United States
| | - Chloe Klajer
- Departments of †Radiology, ‡Biomedical Engineering, and §Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis 63110, United States
| | - Pinaki Sarder
- Departments of †Radiology, ‡Biomedical Engineering, and §Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis 63110, United States
| | - Gail P Sudlow
- Departments of †Radiology, ‡Biomedical Engineering, and §Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis 63110, United States
| | - Walter J Akers
- Departments of †Radiology, ‡Biomedical Engineering, and §Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis 63110, United States
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Departments of †Radiology, ‡Biomedical Engineering, and §Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis 63110, United States
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28
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Selectin-mediated leukocyte trafficking during the development of autoimmune disease. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:984-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Vertès AA. The potential of cytotherapeutics in hematologic reconstitution and in the treatment and prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease. Chapter II: emerging transformational cytotherapies. Regen Med 2015; 10:345-73. [DOI: 10.2217/rme.15.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a life-saving treatment for inherited anemias, immunodeficiencies or hematologic malignancies. A major complication of allo-HSCT associated with high transplant-related mortality rates is graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Current and future clinical benefits in HSCT enabled by advances in hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, Tregs and natural killer cells technologies are reviewed here and discussed. Among these evolutions, based on the need for mesenchymal stem cells to be recruited by an inflammatory environment, the development and use of novel GvHD biomarkers could be explored further to deliver the right pharmaceutical to the right patient at the right time. The successful commercialization of cytotherapeutics to efficiently manage GvHD will create a virtuous ‘halo’ effect for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain A Vertès
- Sloan Fellow, London Business School, London, UK
- NxR Biotechnologies GmbH, Basel, Switzerland
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30
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Pérez-Frías A, González-Tajuelo R, Núñez-Andrade N, Tejedor R, García-Blanco MJ, Vicente-Rabaneda E, Castañeda S, Gamallo C, Silván J, Esteban-Villafruela A, Cubero-Rueda L, García-García C, Muñoz-Calleja C, García-Diez A, Urzainqui A. Development of an autoimmune syndrome affecting the skin and internal organs in P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 leukocyte receptor-deficient mice. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 66:3178-89. [PMID: 25132671 DOI: 10.1002/art.38808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define and characterize the progression of the spontaneous autoimmune disease that develops in mice in the absence of the leukocyte adhesion receptor P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1). METHODS Skin-resident immune cells from PSGL-1-deficient mice and C57BL/6 control mice of different ages were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry. Biochemical parameters were analyzed in mouse serum and urine, and the presence of serum autoantibodies was investigated. Skin and internal organs were extracted, and their structure was analyzed histologically. RESULTS Skin-resident innate and adaptive immune cells from PSGL-1(-/-) mice had a proinflammatory phenotype with an imbalanced T effector cell:Treg cell ratio. Sera from PSGL-1(-/-) mice had circulating autoantibodies commonly detected in connective tissue-related human autoimmune diseases. Biochemical and histologic analysis of skin and internal organs revealed skin fibrosis and structural and functional abnormalities in the lungs and kidneys. Furthermore, PSGL-1(-/-) mice exhibited vascular alterations, showing loss of dermal vessels, small vessel medial layer remodeling in the lungs and kidneys, and ischemic processes in the kidney that promote renal infarcts. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that immune system overactivation due to PSGL-1 deficiency triggers an autoimmune syndrome with characteristics similar to systemic sclerosis, including skin fibrosis, vascular alterations, and systemic organ involvement. These results suggest that PSGL-1 expression contributes to the maintenance of the homeostasis of the immune system and could act as a barrier for autoimmunity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pérez-Frías
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa, and Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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31
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Matheu MP, Othy S, Greenberg ML, Dong TX, Schuijs M, Deswarte K, Hammad H, Lambrecht BN, Parker I, Cahalan MD. Imaging regulatory T cell dynamics and CTLA4-mediated suppression of T cell priming. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6219. [PMID: 25653051 PMCID: PMC4347855 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) maintain immune homoeostasis through mechanisms that remain incompletely defined. Here by two-photon (2P) imaging, we examine the cellular dynamics of endogenous Tregs. Tregs are identified as two non-overlapping populations in the T-zone and follicular regions of the lymph node (LN). In the T-zone, Tregs migrate more rapidly than conventional T cells (Tconv), extend longer processes and interact with resident dendritic cells (DC) and Tconv. Tregs intercept immigrant DCs and interact with antigen-induced DC:Tconv clusters, while continuing to form contacts with activated Tconv. During antigen-specific responses, blocking CTLA4-B7 interactions reduces Treg-Tconv interaction times, increases the volume of DC:Tconv clusters and enhances subsequent Tconv proliferation in vivo. Our results demonstrate a role for altered cellular choreography of Tregs through CTLA4-based interactions to limit T-cell priming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie P. Matheu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Milton L. Greenberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Tobias X. Dong
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Martijn Schuijs
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, University of Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kim Deswarte
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, University of Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hamida Hammad
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, University of Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Ian Parker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Michael D. Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Corresponding Author: Michael D. Cahalan ()
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32
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Chow Z, Banerjee A, Hickey MJ. Controlling the fire — tissue‐specific mechanisms of effector regulatory T‐cell homing. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 93:355-63. [DOI: 10.1038/icb.2014.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Chow
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Ashish Banerjee
- Centre for Cancer Research, MIMR‐PHI Institute of Medical Research Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Michael J Hickey
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre Clayton Victoria Australia
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Treg cells mediate recovery from EAE by controlling effector T cell proliferation and motility in the CNS. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2014; 2:163. [PMID: 25476447 PMCID: PMC4268825 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-014-0163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells are crucial in controlling various functions of effector T cells during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. While regulatory T cells are reported to exert their immunomodulatory effects in the peripheral immune organs, their role within the central nervous system (CNS) during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is unclear. Here, by combining a selectively timed regulatory T cells depletion with 2-photon microscopy, we report that regulatory T cells exercise their dynamic control over effector T cells in the CNS. Acute depletion of regulatory T cells exacerbated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis severity which was accompanied by increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production and proliferation of effector T cells. Intravital microscopy revealed that, in the absence of regulatory T cells, the velocity of effector T cells was decreased with simultaneous increase in the proportion of stationary phase cells in the CNS. Based on these data, we conclude that regulatory T cells mediate recovery from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by controlling cytokine production, proliferation and motility of effector T cells in the CNS.
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Abeynaike LD, Deane JA, Westhorpe CLV, Chow Z, Alikhan MA, Kitching AR, Issekutz A, Hickey MJ. Regulatory T cells dynamically regulate selectin ligand function during multiple challenge contact hypersensitivity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:4934-44. [PMID: 25274531 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play critical roles in restricting T cell-mediated inflammation. In the skin, this is dependent on expression of selectin ligands required for leukocyte rolling in dermal microvessels. However, whether there are differences in the molecules used by Tregs and proinflammatory T cells to undergo rolling in the skin remains unclear. In this study, we used spinning disk confocal microscopy in Foxp3-GFP mice to visualize rolling of endogenous Tregs in dermal postcapillary venules. Tregs underwent consistent but low-frequency rolling interactions under resting and inflamed conditions. At the early stage of the response, Treg adhesion was minimal. However, at the peak of inflammation, Tregs made up 40% of the adherent CD4(+) T cell population. In a multiple challenge model of contact hypersensitivity, rolling of Tregs and conventional CD4(+) T cells was mostly dependent on overlapping contributions of P- and E-selectin. However, after a second challenge, rolling of Tregs but not conventional CD4(+) T cells became P-selectin independent, and Tregs showed reduced capacity to bind P-selectin. Moreover, inhibition of E-selectin at this time point resulted in exacerbation of inflammation. These findings demonstrate that in this multiple challenge model of inflammation, Treg selectin binding capacity and the molecular basis of Treg rolling can be regulated dynamically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latasha D Abeynaike
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - James A Deane
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Clare L V Westhorpe
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Zachary Chow
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Maliha A Alikhan
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - A Richard Kitching
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Andrew Issekutz
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3K 6R8; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2; and Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2
| | - Michael J Hickey
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia;
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Munoz MA, Biro M, Weninger W. T cell migration in intact lymph nodes in vivo. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2014; 30:17-24. [PMID: 24907445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In the lymph node, T cells migrate rapidly and with striking versatility in a continuous scan for antigen presenting dendritic cells. The scanning process is greatly facilitated by the lymph node structure and composition. In vivo imaging has been instrumental in deciphering the spatiotemporal dynamics of intranodal T cell migration in both health and disease. Here we review recent developments in uncovering the migration modes employed by T cells in the lymph node, the underlying molecular mechanisms, and the scanning strategies utilised by T cells to ensure a timely response to antigenic stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia A Munoz
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Immune Imaging Program, Locked Bag 6, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - Maté Biro
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Immune Imaging Program, Locked Bag 6, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Weninger
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Immune Imaging Program, Locked Bag 6, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
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