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Ahodantin J, Wu J, Funaki M, Flores J, Wang X, Zheng P, Liu Y, Su L. Siglec-H -/- Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Protect Against Acute Liver Injury by Suppressing IFN-γ/Th1 Response and Promoting IL-21 + CD4 T Cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 18:101367. [PMID: 38849082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.101367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Siglec-H is a receptor specifically expressed in mouse plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which functions as a negative regulator of interferon-α production and plays a critical role in pDC maturation to become antigen-presenting cells. The function of pDCs in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases has been reported. However, the effect of Siglec-H expression in pDCs in liver inflammation and diseases remains unclear. METHODS Using the model of concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury (ALI), we investigated the Siglec-H/pDCs axis during ALI in BDCA2 transgenic mice and Siglec-H-/- mice. Anti-BDCA2 antibody, anti-interleukin (IL)-21R antibody, and Stat3 inhibitor were used to specifically deplete pDCs, block IL21 receptor, and inhibit Stat3 signaling, respectively. Splenocytes and purified naive CD4 T cells and bone marrow FLT3L-derived pDCs were cocultured and stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate/ionomycin and CD3/CD28 beads, respectively. RESULTS Data showed that specific depletion of pDCs aggravated concanavalin A-induced ALI. Remarkably, alanine aminotransferase, hyaluronic acid, and proinflammatory cytokines IL6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were lower in the blood and liver of Siglec-H knockout mice. This was associated with attenuation of both interferon-γ/Th1 response and Stat1 signaling in the liver of Siglec-H knockout mice while intrahepatic IL21 and Stat3 signaling pathways were upregulated. Blocking IL21R or Stat3 signaling in Siglec-H knockout mice restored concanavalin A-induced ALI. Finally, we observed that the Siglec-H-null pDCs exhibited immature and immunosuppressive phenotypes (CCR9LowCD40Low), resulting in reduction of CD4 T-cell activation and promotion of IL21+CD4 T cells in the liver. CONCLUSIONS During T-cell-mediated ALI, Siglec-H-null pDCs enhance immune tolerance and promote IL21+CD4 T cells in the liver. Targeting Siglec-H/pDC axis may provide a novel approach to modulate liver inflammation and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Ahodantin
- Division of Virology, Pathogenesis, and Cancer, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Jiapeng Wu
- Division of Virology, Pathogenesis, and Cancer, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Masaya Funaki
- Division of Virology, Pathogenesis, and Cancer, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jair Flores
- Division of Virology, Pathogenesis, and Cancer, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Xu Wang
- Division of Immunotherapy, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Yang Liu
- OncoC4, Inc, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Lishan Su
- Division of Virology, Pathogenesis, and Cancer, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Division of Immunotherapy, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Nguyen HO, Tiberio L, Facchinetti F, Ripari G, Violi V, Villetti G, Salvi V, Bosisio D. Modulation of Human Dendritic Cell Functions by Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors: Potential Relevance for the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2254. [PMID: 37765223 PMCID: PMC10535230 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) are small-molecule drugs that, by increasing the intracellular levels of cAMP in immune cells, elicit a broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory effects. As such, PDE4 inhibitors are actively studied as therapeutic options in a variety of human diseases characterized by an underlying inflammatory pathogenesis. Dendritic cells (DCs) are checkpoints of the inflammatory and immune responses, being responsible for both activation and dampening depending on their activation status. This review shows evidence that PDE4 inhibitors modulate inflammatory DC activation by decreasing the secretion of inflammatory and Th1/Th17-polarizing cytokines, although preserving the expression of costimulatory molecules and the CD4+ T cell-activating potential. In addition, DCs activated in the presence of PDE4 inhibitors induce a preferential Th2 skewing of effector T cells, retain the secretion of Th2-attracting chemokines and increase the production of T cell regulatory mediators, such as IDO1, TSP-1, VEGF-A and Amphiregulin. Finally, PDE4 inhibitors selectively induce the expression of the surface molecule CD141/Thrombomodulin/BDCA-3. The result of such fine-tuning is immunomodulatory DCs that are distinct from those induced by classical anti-inflammatory drugs, such as corticosteroids. The possible implications for the treatment of respiratory disorders (such as COPD, asthma and COVID-19) by PDE4 inhibitors will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Oanh Nguyen
- ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS UMR 5164, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France;
| | - Laura Tiberio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.T.); (G.R.); (V.V.)
| | - Fabrizio Facchinetti
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Translational Science, Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., 43122 Parma, Italy; (F.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Giulia Ripari
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.T.); (G.R.); (V.V.)
| | - Valentina Violi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.T.); (G.R.); (V.V.)
| | - Gino Villetti
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Translational Science, Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., 43122 Parma, Italy; (F.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.T.); (G.R.); (V.V.)
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.T.); (G.R.); (V.V.)
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Guo Q, Zhong Y, Wang Z, Cao T, Zhang M, Zhang P, Huang W, Bi J, Yuan Y, Ou M, Zou X, Xiao G, Yang Y, Liu S, Liu L, Wang Z, Zhang G, Wu L. Single-cell transcriptomic landscape identifies the expansion of peripheral blood monocytes as an indicator of HIV-1-TB co-infection. CELL INSIGHT 2022; 1:100005. [PMID: 37192986 PMCID: PMC10120323 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2022.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Certain circulating cell subsets are involved in immune dysregulation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection; however, the characteristics and role of these subclusters are unknown. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with HIV-1 infection alone (HIV-pre) and those with HIV-1-TB co-infection without anti-TB treatment (HIV-pre & TB-pre) and with anti-TB treatment for 2 weeks (HIV-pre & TB-pos) were subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to characterize the transcriptome of different immune cell subclusters. We obtained > 60,000 cells and identified 32 cell subclusters based on gene expression. The proportion of immune-cell subclusters was altered in HIV-1-TB co-infected individuals compared with that in HIV-pre-group, indicating immune dysregulation corresponding to different disease states. The proportion of an inflammatory CD14+CD16+ monocyte subset was higher in the HIV-pre & TB-pre group than in the HIV-pre group; this was validated in an additional cohort (n = 80) via a blood cell differential test, which also demonstrated a good discriminative performance (area under the curve, 0.8046). These findings depicted the atlas of immune PBMC subclusters in HIV-1-TB co-infection and demonstrate that monocyte subsets in peripheral blood might serve as a discriminating biomarker for diagnosis of HIV-1-TB co-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Tingzhi Cao
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Peiyan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Waidong Huang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Bi
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Min Ou
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Xuanxuan Zou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guohui Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Shiping Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Single-cell Omics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Longqi Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Zhaoqin Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Liang Wu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Single-cell Omics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518100, China
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SOMETHING EVIL THIS WAY COMES: Proteomic Profiling Identifies CLEC4C Expression as a Novel Biomarker of Primary Graft Dysfunction After Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021; 41:269-270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Giza HM, Bozzacco L. Unboxing dendritic cells: Tales of multi-faceted biology and function. Immunology 2021; 164:433-449. [PMID: 34309853 PMCID: PMC8517577 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Often referred to as the bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that constitute a unique, yet complex cell system. Among other APCs, DCs display the unique property of inducing protective immune responses against invading microbes, or cancer cells, while safeguarding the proper homeostatic equilibrium of the immune system and maintaining self-tolerance. Unsurprisingly, DCs play a role in many diseases such as autoimmunity, allergy, infectious disease and cancer. This makes them attractive but challenging targets for therapeutics. Since their initial discovery, research and understanding of DC biology have flourished. We now recognize the presence of multiple subsets of DCs distributed across tissues. Recent studies of phenotype and gene expression at the single cell level have identified heterogeneity even within the same DC type, supporting the idea that DCs have evolved to greatly expand the flexibility of the immune system to react appropriately to a wide range of threats. This review is meant to serve as a quick and robust guide to understand the basic divisions of DC subsets and their role in the immune system. Between mice and humans, there are some differences in how these subsets are identified and function, and we will point out specific distinctions as necessary. Throughout the text, we are using both fundamental and therapeutic lens to describe overlaps and distinctions and what this could mean for future research and therapies.
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Anderluh M, Berti F, Bzducha‐Wróbel A, Chiodo F, Colombo C, Compostella F, Durlik K, Ferhati X, Holmdahl R, Jovanovic D, Kaca W, Lay L, Marinovic‐Cincovic M, Marradi M, Ozil M, Polito L, Reina‐Martin JJ, Reis CA, Sackstein R, Silipo A, Švajger U, Vaněk O, Yamamoto F, Richichi B, van Vliet SJ. Emerging glyco-based strategies to steer immune responses. FEBS J 2021; 288:4746-4772. [PMID: 33752265 PMCID: PMC8453523 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycan structures are common posttranslational modifications of proteins, which serve multiple important structural roles (for instance in protein folding), but also are crucial participants in cell-cell communications and in the regulation of immune responses. Through the interaction with glycan-binding receptors, glycans are able to affect the activation status of antigen-presenting cells, leading either to induction of pro-inflammatory responses or to suppression of immunity and instigation of immune tolerance. This unique feature of glycans has attracted the interest and spurred collaborations of glyco-chemists and glyco-immunologists to develop glycan-based tools as potential therapeutic approaches in the fight against diseases such as cancer and autoimmune conditions. In this review, we highlight emerging advances in this field, and in particular, we discuss on how glycan-modified conjugates or glycoengineered cells can be employed as targeting devices to direct tumor antigens to lectin receptors on antigen-presenting cells, like dendritic cells. In addition, we address how glycan-based nanoparticles can act as delivery platforms to enhance immune responses. Finally, we discuss some of the latest developments in glycan-based therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells to achieve targeting of tumor-associated glycan-specific epitopes, as well as the use of glycan moieties to suppress ongoing immune responses, especially in the context of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Anderluh
- Chair of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaSlovenia
| | | | - Anna Bzducha‐Wróbel
- Department of Biotechnology and Food MicrobiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWPoland
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyCancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Cinzia Colombo
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo)University of MilanItaly
| | - Federica Compostella
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanItaly
| | - Katarzyna Durlik
- Department of Microbiology and ParasitologyJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Xhenti Ferhati
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Division of Medical Inflammation ResearchDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Dragana Jovanovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences ‐ National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeSerbia
| | - Wieslaw Kaca
- Department of Microbiology and ParasitologyJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Luigi Lay
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo)University of MilanItaly
| | - Milena Marinovic‐Cincovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences ‐ National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeSerbia
| | - Marco Marradi
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Musa Ozil
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Arts and SciencesRecep Tayyip Erdogan University RizeTurkey
| | | | | | - Celso A. Reis
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoPortugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel SalazarUniversity of PortoPortugal
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Translational Medicinethe Translational Glycobiology InstituteHerbert Wertheim College of MedicineFlorida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico IIComplesso Universitario Monte Sant’AngeloNapoliItaly
| | - Urban Švajger
- Blood Transfusion Center of SloveniaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Ondřej Vaněk
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Fumiichiro Yamamoto
- Immunohematology & Glycobiology LaboratoryJosep Carreras Leukaemia Research InstituteBadalonaSpain
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Sandra J. van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyCancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamNetherlands
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Luo S, Long H, Lu Q. Recent advances in understanding pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:107028. [PMID: 33039962 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-system-involving autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young and middle-aged women. Autoantibodies formation and immune complex deposition as well as other immune mechanisms contribute to heterogeneous clinical presentation, which leads to challenges for diagnosis and management. Although the exact pathogenesis of SLE is highly complicated, the pathophysiological understanding of SLE is constantly evolving and relevant studies were continually published, providing a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms. Moreover, new therapeutic strategies and management plans targeting pivotal factors involved in the pathogenesis of SLE got well established recently. In this article, we reviewed recent studies to provide an update in understanding pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaihantian Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Hai Long
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
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Ye Y, Gaugler B, Mohty M, Malard F. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell biology and its role in immune-mediated diseases. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1139. [PMID: 32489664 PMCID: PMC7248678 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a unique subset of dendritic cells specialised in secreting high levels of type I interferons. pDCs play a crucial role in antiviral immunity and have been implicated in the initiation and development of many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. This review summarises the latest advances in recent years in several aspects of pDC biology, with special focus on pDC heterogeneity, pDC development via the lymphoid pathway, and newly identified proteins/pathways involved in pDC trafficking, nucleic acid sensing and interferon production. Finally, we also highlight the current understanding of pDC involvement in autoimmunity and alloreactivity, and opportunities for pDC‐targeting therapies in these diseases. These new insights have contributed to answers to several fundamental questions remaining in pDC biology and may pave the way to successful pDC‐targeting therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishan Ye
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA) Sorbonne Université Paris France.,Bone Marrow Transplantation Center The First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Béatrice Gaugler
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA) Sorbonne Université Paris France
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA) Sorbonne Université Paris France.,Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine Sorbonne Université Paris France
| | - Florent Malard
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA) Sorbonne Université Paris France.,Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine Sorbonne Université Paris France
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9
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Kohli K, Pillarisetty VG. Dendritic Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1273:29-38. [PMID: 33119874 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49270-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of the immune system. They capture foreign antigens and can present them to lymphocytes, that is, T cells and B cells, to activate them. DCs are the most potent of all immune cells at inducing the adaptive immune system. Thus, the presence of DCs at the anatomical site of the immune challenge is imperative for the immune system to mount an effective immune response. From the anatomical site of the immune challenge, DCs cargo antigens to the draining lymph nodes, specialized immune organs where adaptive immunity is generated. DCs are heterogeneous as a type of immune cell, and various subsets of DCs have been reported and their functions described. In this chapter, we discuss various aspects of DC development and function. We further discuss how various tumor microenvironments can affect DC development, function, and migration, thus evading a strong adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Kohli
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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Leylek R, Idoyaga J. The versatile plasmacytoid dendritic cell: Function, heterogeneity, and plasticity. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 349:177-211. [PMID: 31759431 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since their identification as the natural interferon-producing cell two decades ago, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) have been attributed diverse functions in the immune response. Their most well characterized function is innate, i.e., their rapid and robust production of type-I interferon (IFN-I) in response to viruses. However, pDCs have also been implicated in antigen presentation, activation of adaptive immune responses and immunoregulation. The mechanisms by which pDCs enact these diverse functions are poorly understood. One central debate is whether these functions are carried out by different pDC subpopulations or by plasticity in the pDC compartment. This chapter summarizes the latest reports regarding pDC function, heterogeneity, cell conversion and environmentally influenced plasticity, as well as the role of pDCs in infection, autoimmunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Leylek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Juliana Idoyaga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
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11
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Roe K, Shu GL, Draves KE, Giordano D, Pepper M, Clark EA. Targeting Antigens to CD180 but Not CD40 Programs Immature and Mature B Cell Subsets to Become Efficient APCs. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:1715-1729. [PMID: 31484732 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Targeting Ags to the CD180 receptor activates both B cells and dendritic cells (DCs) to become potent APCs. After inoculating mice with Ag conjugated to an anti-CD180 Ab, B cell receptors were rapidly internalized. Remarkably, all B cell subsets, including even transitional 1 B cells, were programed to process, present Ag, and stimulate Ag-specific CD4+ T cells. Within 24-48 hours, Ag-specific B cells were detectable at T-B borders in the spleen; there, they proliferated in a T cell-dependent manner and induced the maturation of T follicular helper (TFH) cells. Remarkably, immature B cells were sufficient for the maturation of TFH cells after CD180 targeting: TFH cells were induced in BAFFR-/- mice (with only transitional 1 B cells) and not in μMT mice (lacking all B cells) following CD180 targeting. Unlike CD180 targeting, CD40 targeting only induced DCs but not B cells to become APCs and thus failed to efficiently induce TFH cell maturation, resulting in slower and lower-affinity IgG Ab responses. CD180 targeting induces a unique program in Ag-specific B cells and to our knowledge, is a novel strategy to induce Ag presentation in both DCs and B cells, especially immature B cells and thus has the potential to produce a broad range of Ab specificities. This study highlights the ability of immature B cells to present Ag to and induce the maturation of cognate TFH cells, providing insights toward vaccination of mature B cell-deficient individuals and implications in treating autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Roe
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Geraldine L Shu
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Kevin E Draves
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Daniela Giordano
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Marion Pepper
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Edward A Clark
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
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12
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Abolhalaj M, Askmyr D, Sakellariou CA, Lundberg K, Greiff L, Lindstedt M. Profiling dendritic cell subsets in head and neck squamous cell tonsillar cancer and benign tonsils. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8030. [PMID: 29795118 PMCID: PMC5966442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26193-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have a key role in orchestrating immune responses and are considered important targets for immunotherapy against cancer. In order to develop effective cancer vaccines, detailed knowledge of the micromilieu in cancer lesions is warranted. In this study, flow cytometry and human transcriptome arrays were used to characterize subsets of DCs in head and neck squamous cell tonsillar cancer and compare them to their counterparts in benign tonsils to evaluate subset-selective biomarkers associated with tonsillar cancer. We describe, for the first time, four subsets of DCs in tonsillar cancer: CD123+ plasmacytoid DCs (pDC), CD1c+, CD141+, and CD1c-CD141- myeloid DCs (mDC). An increased frequency of DCs and an elevated mDC/pDC ratio were shown in malignant compared to benign tonsillar tissue. The microarray data demonstrates characteristics specific for tonsil cancer DC subsets, including expression of immunosuppressive molecules and lower expression levels of genes involved in development of effector immune responses in DCs in malignant tonsillar tissue, compared to their counterparts in benign tonsillar tissue. Finally, we present target candidates selectively expressed by different DC subsets in malignant tonsils and confirm expression of CD206/MRC1 and CD207/Langerin on CD1c+ DCs at protein level. This study descibes DC characteristics in the context of head and neck cancer and add valuable steps towards future DC-based therapies against tonsillar cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Abolhalaj
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Askmyr
- Department of ORL, Head & Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Lennart Greiff
- Department of ORL, Head & Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Lindstedt
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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13
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Differentiation of human dendritic cell subsets for immune tolerance induction. Transfus Clin Biol 2018; 25:90-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Iberg CA, Jones A, Hawiger D. Dendritic Cells As Inducers of Peripheral Tolerance. Trends Immunol 2017; 38:793-804. [PMID: 28826942 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of tolerance initiated in the thymus are indispensable for establishing immune homeostasis, but they may not be sufficient to prevent tissue-specific autoimmune diseases. In the periphery, dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial tolerogenic role, extending the maintenance of immune homeostasis and blocking autoimmune responses. We review here these essential roles of DCs in orchestrating mechanisms of peripheral T cell tolerance as determined by targeted delivery of defined antigens to DCs in vivo in combination with various genetic modifications of DCs. Further, we discuss how DC functions empowered by specific delivery of T cell antigens could be harnessed for tolerance induction in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney A Iberg
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Equal contributions
| | - Andrew Jones
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Equal contributions
| | - Daniel Hawiger
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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15
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Alessandrini A, Turka LA. FOXP3-Positive Regulatory T Cells and Kidney Allograft Tolerance. Am J Kidney Dis 2017; 69:667-674. [PMID: 28049555 PMCID: PMC5403573 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Normal immune homeostasis is achieved by several mechanisms, and prominent among them is immunoregulation. Although several types of regulatory lymphocyte populations have been described, CD4 T cells expressing the FOXP3 transcription factor (FOXP3-positive regulatory T cells [FOXP3+ Tregs]) are the best understood. This population of cells is critical for maintaining self-tolerance throughout the life of the organism. FOXP3+ Tregs can develop within the thymus, but also under select circumstances, naive peripheral T cells can be induced to express FOXP3 and become stable Tregs as well. Abundant evidence from animal systems, as well as limited evidence in humans, implicates Tregs in transplant tolerance, although whether these Tregs recognize allo- or self-antigens is not clear. New translational approaches to promote immunosuppression minimization and/or actual tolerance are being designed to exploit these observations. These include strategies to boost the generation, maintenance, and stability of endogenous Tregs, as well as adoptive cellular therapy with exogenous Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Alessandrini
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
| | - Laurence A Turka
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
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16
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Scott JL, Wirth JR, EuDaly JG, Gilkeson GS, Cunningham MA. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell distribution and maturation are altered in lupus prone mice prior to the onset of clinical disease. Clin Immunol 2016; 175:109-114. [PMID: 28041989 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and their production of type I interferons (IFN) are key pathogenic mediators of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Despite the key role of pDCs in SLE, the mechanism by which pDCs promote disease is not well understood. The first objective for this study was to assess the number and maturation state of pDCs in pre-disease NZM2410 lupus prone mice compared to control mice. Second, we sought to identify mechanisms responsible for the alteration in pDCs in NZM mice prior to onset of clinical disease. We compared the number and percent of pDCs in the spleens and bone marrow (BM) of pre-disease NZM24010 (NZM) mice to C57BL/6 (B6) control mice. In the spleens of pre-disease NZM mice, pDC percent and number were increased. This increase occurs in parallel with a decrease in BM pDC number and percent in the NZM mice. The decrease in BM pDC number suggests the increase in spleen pDCs is a result of altered pDC distribution and not increased production of pDCs in the BM. To determine if pDC developmental potential is altered in lupus prone mice, we cultured BM from NZM and B6 mice in vitro. We found a reduced percentage/number of pDCs developing from the BM of NZM mice compared to B6 mice, which further supports that the increase in pDC number is a result of altered pDC distribution rather than increased pDC production. To better characterize the pDC population, we compared the percentage of mature pDCs in the spleens and BM of NZM mice to controls. In the NZM mice, there is a dramatic reduction in the number of mature pDCs in the BM of NZM mice, suggesting that mature pDCs exit the BM at a higher rate/earlier maturation time compared to healthy mice. We conclude that pDCs contribution to disease pathogenesis in NZM mice may include the alteration of pDC distribution to increase the number of pDCs in the spleen prior to disease onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Graduate Studies, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, BSB 203, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Jena R Wirth
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Suite 816, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Jackie G EuDaly
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Suite 816, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Gary S Gilkeson
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Suite 816, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Medical Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 109 Bee Street, Charleston, SC 29401, USA.
| | - Melissa A Cunningham
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Suite 816, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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17
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Johannssen T, Lepenies B. Glycan-Based Cell Targeting To Modulate Immune Responses. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 35:334-346. [PMID: 28277249 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is an integral post-translational modification present in more than half of all eukaryotic proteins. It affects key protein functions, including folding, stability, and immunogenicity. Glycoengineering approaches, such as the use of bacterial N-glycosylation systems, or expression systems, including yeasts, insect cells, and mammalian cells, have enabled access to defined and homogenous glycoproteins. Given that glycan structures on proteins can be recognized by host lectin receptors, they may facilitate cell-specific targeting and immune modulation. Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) expressed by antigen-presenting cells are attractive targets to shape immune responses. Multivalent glycan display on nanoparticles, liposomes, or dendrimers has successfully enabled CLR targeting. In this review, we discuss novel strategies to access defined glycan structures and highlight CLR targeting approaches for immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Johannssen
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Immunology Unit & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Immunology Unit & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
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18
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Direct Delivery of Antigens to Dendritic Cells via Antibodies Specific for Endocytic Receptors as a Promising Strategy for Future Therapies. Vaccines (Basel) 2016; 4:vaccines4020008. [PMID: 27043640 PMCID: PMC4931625 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines4020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent professional antigen presenting cells and are therefore indispensable for the control of immunity. The technique of antibody mediated antigen targeting to DC subsets has been the basis of intense research for more than a decade. Many murine studies have utilized this approach of antigen delivery to various kinds of endocytic receptors of DCs both in vitro and in vivo. Today, it is widely accepted that different DC subsets are important for the induction of select immune responses. Nevertheless, many questions still remain to be answered, such as the actual influence of the targeted receptor on the initiation of the immune response to the delivered antigen. Further efforts to better understand the induction of antigen-specific immune responses will support the transfer of this knowledge into novel treatment strategies for human diseases. In this review, we will discuss the state-of-the-art aspects of the basic principles of antibody mediated antigen targeting approaches. A table will also provide a broad overview of the latest studies using antigen targeting including addressed DC subset, targeted receptors, outcome, and applied coupling techniques.
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19
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Elshal MF, Aldahlawi AM, Saadah OI, McCoy JP. Reduced Dendritic Cells Expressing CD200R1 in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Correlation with Th17 and Regulatory T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:28998-9010. [PMID: 26690123 PMCID: PMC4691090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of tolerance of the adaptive immune system towards indigenous flora contributes to the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Defects in dendritic cell (DC)-mediated innate and adoptive immune responses are conceivable. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the inhibitory molecules CD200R1 and their ligand CD200 on DCs, to clarify the role of the DCs in the pathogenesis of IBD. Thirty-seven pediatric IBD patients (23 with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 14 with ulcerative colitis (UC)) with mean age 13.25 ± 2.9 years were included. Fourteen age-matched healthy pediatric volunteers (five males and nine females) served as a control group (HC). The percentage of CD11c+ myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and CD123+ plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) expressing CD200R1 and CD200 were evaluated in peripheral blood using flow cytometry and were correlated with routine biochemical, serological markers, serum levels of cytokines and with the percentages of circulating regulatory T cells (Treg) and CD4+ producing IL-17 (Th17). IBD patients showed a significant decrease in the percentage of pDCs and mDCs expressing CD200R1 compared to that of HC. Patients with UC showed increased expressions of the CD200 molecule on pDCs as compared to HC. DCs expressing CD200R1 were found to be correlated positively with Treg and negatively with TH17 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Our findings suggest that IBD is associated with dysregulation in the CD200R1/CD200 axis and that the decrease in DCs expressing CD200R1 may contribute to the imbalance of Th17 and Treg cells and in the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Elshal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Sadat City 32897, Egypt.
| | - Alia M Aldahlawi
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Immunology Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Omar I Saadah
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - J Philip McCoy
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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20
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O'Keeffe M, Mok WH, Radford KJ. Human dendritic cell subsets and function in health and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4309-25. [PMID: 26243730 PMCID: PMC11113503 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The method of choice for the development of new vaccines is to target distinct dendritic cell subsets with antigen in vivo and to harness their function in situ to enhance cell-mediated immunity or induce tolerance to specific antigens. The innate functions of dendritic cells themselves may also be targeted by inhibitors or activators that would target a specific function such as interferon production, potentially important in autoimmune disease and chronic viral infections. Importantly targeting dendritic cells requires detailed knowledge of both the surface phenotype and function of each dendritic cell subset, including how they may respond to different types of vaccine adjuvants, their ability to produce soluble mediators and to process and present antigens and induce priming of naïve T cells. This review summarizes our knowledge of the functional attributes of the human dendritic cell subsets in the steady state and upon activation and their roles in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith O'Keeffe
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Wai Hong Mok
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4012, Australia
| | - Kristen J Radford
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4012, Australia.
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21
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Osorio F, Fuentes C, López MN, Salazar-Onfray F, González FE. Role of Dendritic Cells in the Induction of Lymphocyte Tolerance. Front Immunol 2015; 6:535. [PMID: 26539197 PMCID: PMC4611163 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to trigger tolerance or immunity is dictated by the context in which an antigen is encountered. A large body of evidence indicates that antigen presentation by steady-state DCs induces peripheral tolerance through mechanisms such as the secretion of soluble factors, the clonal deletion of autoreactive T cells, and feedback control of regulatory T cells. Moreover, recent understandings on the function of DC lineages and the advent of murine models of DC depletion have highlighted the contribution of DCs to lymphocyte tolerance. Importantly, these findings are now being applied to human research in the contexts of autoimmune diseases, allergies, and transplant rejection. Indeed, DC-based immunotherapy research has made important progress in the area of human health, particularly in regards to cancer. A better understanding of several DC-related aspects including the features of DC lineages, milieu composition, specific expression of surface molecules, the control of signaling responses, and the identification of competent stimuli able to trigger and sustain a tolerogenic outcome will contribute to the success of DC-based immunotherapy in the area of lymphocyte tolerance. This review will discuss the latest advances in the biology of DC subtypes related to the induction of regulatory T cells, in addition to presenting current ex vivo protocols for tolerogenic DC production. Particular attention will be given to the molecules and signals relevant for achieving an adequate tolerogenic response for the treatment of human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Osorio
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Camila Fuentes
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Mercedes N López
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Cell Therapy Laboratory, Blood Bank Service, University of Chile Clinical Hospital , Santiago , Chile
| | - Flavio Salazar-Onfray
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Fermín E González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and Cancer, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile , Santiago , Chile
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22
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Yan H, Kamiya T, Suabjakyong P, Tsuji NM. Targeting C-Type Lectin Receptors for Cancer Immunity. Front Immunol 2015; 6:408. [PMID: 26379663 PMCID: PMC4547497 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are a large family of soluble and trans-membrane pattern recognition receptors that are widely and primarily expressed on myeloid cells. CLRs are important for cell-cell communication and host defense against pathogens through the recognition of specific carbohydrate structures. Similar to a family of Toll-like receptors, CLRs signaling are involved in the various steps for initiation of innate immune responses and promote secretion of soluble factors such as cytokines and interferons. Moreover, CLRs contribute to endocytosis and antigen presentation, thereby fine-tune adaptive immune responses. In addition, there may also be a direct activation of acquired immunity. On the other hand, glycans, such as mannose structures, Lewis-type antigens, or GalNAc are components of tumor antigens and ligate CLRs, leading to immunoregulation. Therefore, agonists or antagonists of CLRs signaling are potential therapeutic reagents for cancer immunotherapy. We aim to overview the current knowledge of CLRs signaling and the application of their ligands on tumor-associating immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yan
- Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba , Japan ; Institute for Liver Disease, Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang , Shijiazhuang , China
| | - Tomomori Kamiya
- Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba , Japan ; Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science , Noda-shi , Japan
| | - Papawee Suabjakyong
- Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba , Japan ; Department of Clinical and Analytical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University , Chiba-shi , Japan
| | - Noriko M Tsuji
- Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba , Japan
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Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a unique DC subset that specializes in the production of type I interferons (IFNs). pDCs promote antiviral immune responses and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases that are characterized by a type I IFN signature. However, pDCs can also induce tolerogenic immune responses. In this Review, we summarize recent progress in the field of pDC biology, focusing on the molecular mechanisms that regulate the development and functions of pDCs, the pathways involved in their sensing of pathogens and endogenous nucleic acids, their functions at mucosal sites, and their roles in infection, autoimmunity and cancer.
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24
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Cellular and molecular targeting for nanotherapeutics in transplantation tolerance. Clin Immunol 2015; 160:14-23. [PMID: 25805659 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The induction of donor-specific tolerance to transplanted cells and organs, while preserving immune function as a whole, remains a highly sought after and elusive strategy for overcoming transplant rejection. Tolerance necessitates modulating a diverse array of cell types that recognize and respond to alloantigens, including antigen presenting cells and T lymphocytes. Nanotherapeutic strategies that employ cellular and biomaterial engineering represent an emerging technology geared towards the goal of inducing transplant tolerance. Nanocarriers offer a platform for delivering antigens of interest to specific cell types in order to achieve tolerogenic antigen presentation. Furthermore, the technologies also provide an opportunity for local immunomodulation at the graft site. Nanocarriers delivering a combination of antigens and immunomodulating agents, such as rapamycin, provide a unique technology platform with the potential to enhance outcomes for the induction of transplant tolerance.
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