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Gao X, Mukaibo T, Wei X, Faustoferri RC, Oei MS, Hwang SK, Yan AJ, Melvin JE, Ovitt CE. Nkx2.3 transcription factor is a key regulator of mucous cell identity in salivary glands. Dev Biol 2024; 509:1-10. [PMID: 38311164 PMCID: PMC10939741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Saliva is vital to oral health, fulfilling multiple functions in the oral cavity. Three pairs of major salivary glands and hundreds of minor salivary glands contribute to saliva production. The secretory acinar cells within these glands include two distinct populations. Serous acinar cells secrete a watery saliva containing enzymes, while mucous acinar cells secrete a more viscous fluid containing highly glycosylated mucins. Despite their shared developmental origins, the parotid gland (PG) is comprised of only serous acinar cells, while the sublingual gland (SLG) contains predominantly mucous acinar cells. The instructive signals that govern the identity of serous versus mucous acinar cell phenotypes are not yet known. The homeobox transcription factor Nkx2.3 is uniquely expressed in the SLG. Disruption of the Nkx2.3 gene was reported to delay the maturation of SLG mucous acinar cells. To examine whether Nkx2.3 plays a role in directing the mucous cell phenotype, we analyzed SLG from Nkx2.3-/- mice using RNAseq, immunostaining and proteomic analysis of saliva. Our results indicate that Nkx2.3, most likely in concert with other transcription factors uniquely expressed in the SLG, is a key regulator of the molecular program that specifies the identity of mucous acinar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunctions Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Taro Mukaibo
- Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunctions Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xiaolu Wei
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Roberta C Faustoferri
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Maria S Oei
- Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunctions Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Seo-Kyoung Hwang
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Adela Jingyi Yan
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - James E Melvin
- Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunctions Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Catherine E Ovitt
- Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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2
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Gábris F, Kajtár B, Kellermayer Z, Balogh P. Quantitative Analysis of NKX2-3 Expression in Human Colon: An Immunohistochemical Study. J Histochem Cytochem 2024; 72:11-23. [PMID: 38063211 PMCID: PMC10795564 DOI: 10.1369/00221554231217336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In mice, Nkx2-3 homeodomain transcription factor defines the vascular specification of secondary and tertiary lymphoid tissues of the intestines. In human studies, polymorphisms in NKX2-3 have been identified as a susceptibility factor in inflammatory bowel diseases, whereas in mice, its absence is associated with protection against experimental colitis and enhanced intestinal epithelial proliferation. Here, we investigated the expression of NKX2-3 in normal, polyp, and adenocarcinoma human colon samples using immunohistochemistry and quantitative morphometry, correlating its expression with endothelial and mesenchymal stromal markers. Our results revealed that the expression of NKX2-3 is regionally confined to the lamina propria and lamina muscularis mucosae, and its production is restricted mostly to endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells with variable co-expression of CD34, alpha smooth muscle antigen (αSMA), and vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1). The frequency of NKX2-3-positive cells and intensity of expression correlated inversely with aging. Furthermore, in most colorectal carcinoma samples, we observed a significant reduction of NKX2-3 expression. These findings indicate that the NKX2-3 transcription factor is produced by both endothelial and non-endothelial tissue constituents in the colon, and its expression changes during aging and in colorectal malignancies. (J Histochem Cytochem XX: XXX-XXX, XXXX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanni Gábris
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology
- Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary, and Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Team, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology
- Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary, and Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Team, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology
- Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary, and Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Team, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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3
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Bernier-Latmani J, González-Loyola A, Petrova TV. Mechanisms and functions of intestinal vascular specialization. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20222008. [PMID: 38051275 PMCID: PMC10697212 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20222008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal vasculature has been studied for the last 100 years, and its essential role in absorbing and distributing ingested nutrients is well known. Recently, fascinating new insights into the organization, molecular mechanisms, and functions of intestinal vessels have emerged. These include maintenance of intestinal epithelial cell function, coping with microbiota-induced inflammatory pressure, recruiting gut-specific immune cells, and crosstalk with other organs. Intestinal function is also regulated at the systemic and cellular levels, such that the postprandial hyperemic response can direct up to 30% of systemic blood to gut vessels, while micron-sized endothelial cell fenestrations are necessary for nutrient uptake. In this review, we will highlight past discoveries made about intestinal vasculature in the context of new findings of molecular mechanisms underpinning gut function. Such comprehensive understanding of the system will pave the way to breakthroughs in nutrient uptake optimization, drug delivery efficiency, and treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Tatiana V. Petrova
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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4
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Dinh TT, Xiang M, Rajaraman A, Wang Y, Salazar N, Zhu Y, Roper W, Rhee S, Brulois K, O'Hara E, Kiefel H, Dinh TM, Bi Y, Gonzalez D, Bao EP, Red-Horse K, Balogh P, Gábris F, Gaszner B, Berta G, Pan J, Butcher EC. An NKX-COUP-TFII morphogenetic code directs mucosal endothelial addressin expression. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7448. [PMID: 36460642 PMCID: PMC9718832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin family and carbohydrate vascular addressins encoded by Madcam1 and St6gal1 control lymphocyte homing into intestinal tissues, regulating immunity and inflammation. The addressins are developmentally programmed to decorate endothelial cells lining gut post-capillary and high endothelial venules (HEV), providing a prototypical example of organ- and segment-specific endothelial specialization. We identify conserved NKX-COUP-TFII composite elements (NCCE) in regulatory regions of Madcam1 and St6gal1 that bind intestinal homeodomain protein NKX2-3 cooperatively with venous nuclear receptor COUP-TFII to activate transcription. The Madcam1 element also integrates repressive signals from arterial/capillary Notch effectors. Pan-endothelial COUP-TFII overexpression induces ectopic addressin expression in NKX2-3+ capillaries, while NKX2-3 deficiency abrogates expression by HEV. Phylogenetically conserved NCCE are enriched in genes involved in neuron migration and morphogenesis of the heart, kidney, pancreas and other organs. Our results define an NKX-COUP-TFII morphogenetic code that targets expression of mucosal vascular addressins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Theresa Dinh
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Menglan Xiang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Anusha Rajaraman
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yongzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Clinical Science Malmo, Section of Surgery, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Nicole Salazar
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yu Zhu
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Walter Roper
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Siyeon Rhee
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Brulois
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ed O'Hara
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Helena Kiefel
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Truc M Dinh
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yuhan Bi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Evan P Bao
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kristy Red-Horse
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Peter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Team, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Fanni Gábris
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Team, Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balázs Gaszner
- Department of Anatomy, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Berta
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Junliang Pan
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Eugene C Butcher
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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5
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Exosomal regulation of lymphocyte homing to the gut. Blood Adv 2020; 3:1-11. [PMID: 30591532 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes secreted from T cells have been shown to affect dendritic cells, cancer cells, and other T cells. However, little is known about how T-cell exosomes (T exosomes) modulate endothelial cell functions in the context of tissue-specific homing. Here, we study the roles of T exosomes in the regulation of gut-specific T-cell homing. The gut-tropic T cells induced by retinoic acid secrete the exosomes that upregulate integrin α4β7 binding to the MAdCAM-1 expressed on high endothelial venules in the gut. T exosomes were preferentially distributed to the villi of the small intestine in an α4β7-dependent manner. Exosomes from gut-tropic T cells suppressed the expression of MAdCAM-1 in the small intestine, thereby inhibiting T-cell homing to the gut. Moreover, microRNA (miRNA) profiling analysis has shown that exosomes from gut-tropic T cells were enriched with miRNAs targeting NKX2.3, a transcription factor critical to MAdCAM-1 expression. Taken together, our study proposes that α4β7-expressing T exosomes distribute themselves to the small intestine and modify the expression of microenvironmental tissues such that any subsequent lymphocyte homing is precluded. This may represent a novel mechanism by which excessive lymphocyte homing to the intestinal tissues is downsized.
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6
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Vojkovics D, Kellermayer Z, Gábris F, Schippers A, Wagner N, Berta G, Farkas K, Balogh P. Differential Effects of the Absence of Nkx2-3 and MAdCAM-1 on the Distribution of Intestinal Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Postnatal SILT Formation in Mice. Front Immunol 2019; 10:366. [PMID: 30891037 PMCID: PMC6413488 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Seeding of leukocytes to developing lymphoid tissues in embryonic and early postnatal age and to the mucosa throughout adulthood depends on the interaction between endothelial MAdCAM-1 addressin and its cognate ligand α4β7 integrin. Nkx2-3 as a transcriptional regulator of MAdCAM-1 controls vascular patterning in visceral lymphoid tissues in mice, and has been identified as a susceptibility factor for inflammatory bowel diseases in humans, associated with lymphoid neogenesis in the inflamed intestines. The role of Nkx2-3 in the organogenesis of the solitary intestinal lymphoid tissues (SILTs) involving type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) is still unknown. Here we investigated the effect of Nkx2-3 on the postnatal distribution of intestinal ILC3s and the development of SILTs, comparing these to mice lacking MAdCAM-1, but preserving Nkx2-3. At 1 week of age small intestines (SI) contained significantly higher number of ILC3s relative to the colon, with a substantial reduction in MAdCAM-1−/− mice compared to C57BL/6 controls. One week later SI ILC3 number decreased in all genotypes, the number of colonic ILC3 of both Nkx2-3-deficient and Nkx2-3-heterozygous mice significantly increased. On the fourth postnatal week a further reduction of SI ILC3s was observed in both Nkx2-3-deficient and Nkx2-3-heterozygous mice, while in the colon the number of ILC3s showed a significant reduction in all genotypes. At 1 week of age only sporadic SILT components were present in all genotypes. By the second week mice deficient for either Nkx2-3 or MAdCAM-1 showed absence of SILT maturation compared to their relevant controls, lacking mature isolated lymphoid follicles (ILF). By the fourth week both Nkx2-3-deficient and Nkx2-3-heterozygous mice showed a similar distribution of ILFs relative to cryptopatches (CP), whereas in MAdCAM-1−/− mice CPs and immature ILFs were present, mature ILFs were scarce. Our data demonstrate that the complete absence of MAdCAM-1 partially impairs intestinal seeding of ILC3s and causes partial blockade of SILT maturation, without affecting peripheral lymph node development. In contrast, the inactivation of Nkx2-3 permits postnatal seeding, and its blocking effect on SILT maturation prevails at later stage, thus other adhesion molecules may compensate for the intestinal homing of ILC3s in the absence of MAdCAM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Vojkovics
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Fanni Gábris
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Angela Schippers
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gergely Berta
- Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Farkas
- Department of Bioanalytics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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7
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Kellermayer Z, Vojkovics D, Dakah TA, Bodó K, Botz B, Helyes Z, Berta G, Kajtár B, Schippers A, Wagner N, Scotto L, O'Connor OA, Arnold HH, Balogh P. IL-22-Independent Protection from Colitis in the Absence of Nkx2.3 Transcription Factor in Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 202:1833-1844. [PMID: 30700585 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nkx2.3 regulates the vascular specification of Peyer patches in mice through determining endothelial addressin preference and may function as a susceptibility factor in inflammatory bowel diseases in humans. We wished to analyze the role of Nkx2.3 in colonic solitary intestinal lymphoid tissue composition and in colitis pathogenesis. We studied the colonic solitary intestinal lymphoid tissue of Nkx2.3-deficient mice with immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Colitis was induced in mice using 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate, and severity was assessed with histology, flow cytometry, and quantitative PCR. We found that the lack of Nkx2.3 impairs maturation of isolated lymphoid follicles and attenuates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis independent of endothelial absence of mucosal addressin cell-adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), which was also coupled with enhanced colonic epithelial regeneration. Although we observed increased numbers of group 3 innate lymphoid cells and Th17 cells and enhanced transcription of IL-22, Ab-mediated neutralization of IL-22 did not abolish the protection from colitis in Nkx2.3-deficient mice. Nkx2.3-/- hematopoietic cells could not rescue wild-type mice from colitis. Using LacZ-Nkx2.3 reporter mice, we found that Nkx2.3 expression was restricted to VAP-1+ myofibroblast-like pericryptal cells. These results hint at a previously unknown stromal role of Nkx2.3 as driver of colitis and indicate that Nkx2.3+ stromal cells play a role in epithelial cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Dóra Vojkovics
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Tareq Abu Dakah
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Bodó
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Bálint Botz
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Department of Radiology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Gergely Berta
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Béla Kajtár
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
| | - Angela Schippers
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Luigi Scotto
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10019, NY
| | - Owen A O'Connor
- Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10019, NY; and
| | - Hans-Henning Arnold
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary;
- Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary
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8
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Vojkovics D, Kellermayer Z, Kajtár B, Roncador G, Vincze Á, Balogh P. Nkx2-3-A Slippery Slope From Development Through Inflammation Toward Hematopoietic Malignancies. Biomark Insights 2018; 13:1177271918757480. [PMID: 29449776 PMCID: PMC5808962 DOI: 10.1177/1177271918757480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of peripheral lymphoid tissues from the mesoderm is the result of a complex convergence combining lymphohematopoietic differentiation with the local specification of nonhematopoietic mesenchymal components. Although the various transcriptional regulators with fate-determining effects in diversifying the mobile leukocyte subsets have been thoroughly studied and identified, the tissue-specific determinants promoting the regional differentiation of resident mesenchyme are less understood. Of these factors, various members of the NK-class Nkx paralogues have emerged as key regulators for the organogenesis of spleen and mucosal lymphoid tissues, and recent data have also indicated their involvement in various pathological events, including gut inflammation and hematopoietic malignancies. Here, we summarize available data on the roles of Nkx2-3 in lymphoid tissue development and discuss its possible value as a developmental marker and disease-associated pathogenic trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Vojkovics
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Béla Kajtár
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Áron Vincze
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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9
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Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic disease leading to fibrotic scarring of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts, causing considerable morbidity and mortality via the development of cholestatic liver cirrhosis, concurrent IBD and a high risk of bile duct cancer. Expectations have been high that genetic studies would determine key factors in PSC pathogenesis to support the development of effective medical therapies. Through the application of genome-wide association studies, a large number of disease susceptibility genes have been identified. The overall genetic architecture of PSC shares features with both autoimmune diseases and IBD. Strong human leukocyte antigen gene associations, along with several susceptibility genes that are critically involved in T-cell function, support the involvement of adaptive immune responses in disease pathogenesis, and position PSC as an autoimmune disease. In this Review, we survey the developments that have led to these gene discoveries. We also elaborate relevant interpretations of individual gene findings in the context of established disease models in PSC, and propose relevant translational research efforts to pursue novel insights.
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10
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Kellermayer Z, Vojkovics D, Balogh P. Innate lymphoid cells and their stromal microenvironments. Immunol Lett 2017; 189:3-9. [PMID: 28414182 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the interaction between antigen presenting cells, T and B lymphocytes, recent studies have revealed important roles for a diverse set of auxiliary cells that profoundly influence the induction and regulation of immune responses against pathogens. Of these the stromal cells composed of various non-hematopoietic constituents are crucial for the creation and maintenance of specialized semi-static three-dimensional lymphoid tissue microenvironment, whereas the more recently described innate lymphoid cells are generated by the diversification of committed lymphoid precursor cells independently from clonally rearranged antigen receptor genes. Recent findings have revealed important contributions by innate lymphoid cells in inflammation and protection against pathogens in a tissue-specific manner. Importantly, lymphoid stromal cells also influence the onset of immune responses in tissue-specific fashion, raising the possibility of tissue-specific stromal - innate lymphoid cell collaboration. In this review we summarize the main features and interactions between these two cells types, with particular emphasis on ILC type 3 cells and their microenvironmental partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Hungary; Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dóra Vojkovics
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Hungary; Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Hungary; Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Hungary.
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11
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Kellermayer Z, Hayasaka H, Kajtár B, Simon D, Robles EF, Martinez-Climent JA, Balogh P. Divergence of Vascular Specification in Visceral Lymphoid Organs-Genetic Determinants and Differentiation Checkpoints. Int Rev Immunol 2015; 35:489-502. [PMID: 26186200 DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2015.1059427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite their functional similarities, peripheral lymphoid tissues are remarkably different according to their developmental properties and structural characteristics, including their specified vasculature. Access of leukocytes to these organs critically depends on their interactions with the local endothelium, where endothelial cells are patterned to display a restricted set of adhesion molecules and other regulatory compounds necessary for extravasation. Recent advances in high throughput analyses of highly purified endothelial subsets in various lymphoid tissues as well as the expansion of various transgenic animal models have shed new light on the transcriptional complexities of lymphoid tissue vascular endothelium. This review is aimed at providing a comprehensive analysis linking the functional competence of spleen and intestinal lymphoid tissues with the developmental programming and functional divergence of their vascular specification, with particular emphasis on the transcriptional control of endothelial cells exerted by Nkx2.3 homeodomain transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kellermayer
- a Department of Immunology and Biotechnology.,b Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Haruko Hayasaka
- c Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University , Osaka , Japan
| | - Béla Kajtár
- d Department of Pathology , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Diána Simon
- a Department of Immunology and Biotechnology
| | - Eloy F Robles
- e Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada of the University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain
| | | | - Péter Balogh
- a Department of Immunology and Biotechnology.,b Lymphoid Organogenesis Research Group Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
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