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An W, Lakhina S, Leong J, Rawat K, Husain M. Host Innate Antiviral Response to Influenza A Virus Infection: From Viral Sensing to Antagonism and Escape. Pathogens 2024; 13:561. [PMID: 39057788 PMCID: PMC11280125 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13070561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus possesses an RNA genome of single-stranded, negative-sensed, and segmented configuration. Influenza virus causes an acute respiratory disease, commonly known as the "flu" in humans. In some individuals, flu can lead to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Influenza A virus (IAV) is the most significant because it causes recurring seasonal epidemics, occasional pandemics, and zoonotic outbreaks in human populations, globally. The host innate immune response to IAV infection plays a critical role in sensing, preventing, and clearing the infection as well as in flu disease pathology. Host cells sense IAV infection through multiple receptors and mechanisms, which culminate in the induction of a concerted innate antiviral response and the creation of an antiviral state, which inhibits and clears the infection from host cells. However, IAV antagonizes and escapes many steps of the innate antiviral response by different mechanisms. Herein, we review those host and viral mechanisms. This review covers most aspects of the host innate immune response, i.e., (1) the sensing of incoming virus particles, (2) the activation of downstream innate antiviral signaling pathways, (3) the expression of interferon-stimulated genes, (4) and viral antagonism and escape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Matloob Husain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (W.A.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (K.R.)
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2
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Avian Metapneumovirus Subgroup C Phosphoprotein Suppresses Type I Interferon Production by Blocking Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 Nuclear Translocation. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0341322. [PMID: 36537793 PMCID: PMC9927154 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03413-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian metapneumovirus subgroup C (aMPV/C) is an important pathogen that causes upper respiratory symptoms and egg production decline in turkeys and chickens. aMPV/C infection leads to inhibition of the host antiviral immune response. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying host immune response antagonized by aMPV/C infection is limited. In this study, we demonstrated that the aMPV/C phosphoprotein (P) inhibits the IFN antiviral signaling pathway triggered by melanoma differentiation gene 5 (MDA5) and reduces interferon β (IFN-β) production and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) by targeting IFN regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) but not nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in DF-1 cells. Moreover, we found that aMPV/C P protein only blocks the nuclear translocation of IRF3 by interacting with IRF3 in HEK-293T cells, instead of affecting IRF3 phosphorylation and inducing IRF3 degradation, which suppresses IRF3 signaling activation and results in a decrease in IFN-β production. Collectively, these results reveal a novel mechanism by which aMPV/C infection disrupts IFN-β production in the host. IMPORTANCE The innate immune response is the first defense line of host cells and organisms against viral infections. When RNA viruses infect cells, viral RNA induces activation of retinoic acid-induced gene I and melanoma differentiation gene 5, which initiates downstream molecules and finally produces type I interferon (IFN-I) to regulate antiviral immune responses. The mechanism for avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) modulating IFN-I production to benefit its replication remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that phosphoprotein of aMPV subgroup C (aMPV/C) selectively inhibits the nuclear translocation of interferon regulatory 3 (IRF3), instead of affecting the expression and phosphorylation of IRF3, which finally downregulates IFN-I production. This study showed a novel mechanism for aMPV/C infection antagonizing the host IFN response.
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Lui WY, Bharti A, Wong NHM, Jangra S, Botelho MG, Yuen KS, Jin DY. Suppression of cGAS- and RIG-I-mediated innate immune signaling by Epstein-Barr virus deubiquitinase BPLF1. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011186. [PMID: 36802409 PMCID: PMC9983872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has developed effective strategies to evade host innate immune responses. Here we reported on mitigation of type I interferon (IFN) production by EBV deubiquitinase (DUB) BPLF1 through cGAS-STING and RIG-I-MAVS pathways. The two naturally occurring forms of BPLF1 exerted potent suppressive effect on cGAS-STING-, RIG-I- and TBK1-induced IFN production. The observed suppression was reversed when DUB domain of BPLF1 was rendered catalytically inactive. The DUB activity of BPLF1 also facilitated EBV infection by counteracting cGAS-STING- and TBK1-mediated antiviral defense. BPLF1 associated with STING to act as an effective DUB targeting its K63-, K48- and K27-linked ubiquitin moieties. BPLF1 also catalyzed removal of K63- and K48-linked ubiquitin chains on TBK1 kinase. The DUB activity of BPLF1 was required for its suppression of TBK1-induced IRF3 dimerization. Importantly, in cells stably carrying EBV genome that encodes a catalytically inactive BPLF1, the virus failed to suppress type I IFN production upon activation of cGAS and STING. This study demonstrated IFN antagonism of BPLF1 mediated through DUB-dependent deubiquitination of STING and TBK1 leading to suppression of cGAS-STING and RIG-I-MAVS signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Yin Lui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Aradhana Bharti
- Faculty of Dentistry, the University of Hong Kong, Sai Yin Pun, Hong Kong
| | - Nok-Hei Mickey Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Sonia Jangra
- Faculty of Dentistry, the University of Hong Kong, Sai Yin Pun, Hong Kong
| | - Michael G. Botelho
- Faculty of Dentistry, the University of Hong Kong, Sai Yin Pun, Hong Kong
| | - Kit-San Yuen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- School of Nursing, Tung Wah College, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- * E-mail: (K-SY); (D-YJ)
| | - Dong-Yan Jin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- * E-mail: (K-SY); (D-YJ)
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Application of Bioinformatics Tools for the Prediction of Helper MicroRNAs for Improvement of Oncolytic Virus Efficacy. Cell Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5756131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. Oncolytic Reoviruses, as a self-limiting virus, can be used in cancer treatment, because they have the ability to replicate in tumor cells selectively and destroy them. Studies show that some immune response proteins may interfere with the virus life cycle. So, the main aim of this bioinformatic study is to check which microRNA is able to target some reovirus inhibitory proteins. Experimental Design. By use of online bioinformatics software, the microRNAs that could target inhibitory genes were selected. Then, other features like content ++ score and cell type were checked and finally the eligible microRNAs were determined. Results. After choosing 15 inhibitory proteins, analysis was performed and finally 37 microRNAs which could target inhibitory proteins in colorectal cell lines were selected. In the end, by investigation of web-based tools, just two microRNAs were finalized. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance. This bioinformatic study shows that microRNA-140 and microRNA-92a have the potential to target some inhibitory proteins which interfere with oncolytic Reovirus replication and it may help in the optimal use of this virus as a cancer treatment. Because selective reproduction of Reovirus in tumor cells, as a nonchemical therapy, can be a good way to overcome this disease with broad advantages.
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5
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Transglutaminase type 2-dependent crosslinking of IRF3 in dying melanoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:498. [PMID: 36572679 PMCID: PMC9792452 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01278-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
cGAS/STING axis is the major executor of cytosolic dsDNA sensing that leads to the production of type I interferon (IFNI) not only upon bacterial infection, but also in cancer cells, upon DNA damage. In fact, DNA damage caused by ionizing radiations and/or topoisomerase inhibitors leads to a release of free DNA into the cytosol, which activates the cGAS/STING pathway and the induction of IFNI expression. Doxorubicin-induced apoptotic cancer cells release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), including IFNI, which are able to stimulate the immune system. Our results indicate that Transglutaminase type 2 (TG2) is directly involved in the formation of a covalent cross-linked IRF3 (Interferon regulatory factor 3) dimers, thereby limiting the production of IFNI. Indeed, we demonstrated that upon doxorubicin treatment TG2 translocates into the nucleus of apoptotic melanoma cells interacting with IRF3 dimers. Interestingly, we show that both the knockdown of the enzyme as well as the inhibition of its transamidating activity lead to a decrease in the dimerization of IRF3 correlated with an increase in the IFNI mRNA levels. Taken together, these data demonstrate that TG2 negatively regulates the IRF3 pathway in human melanoma cells suggesting a so far unknown TG2-dependent mechanism by which cancer cells reduce the IFNI production after DNA damage to limit the immune system response.
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Stilp AC, Scherer M, König P, Fürstberger A, Kestler HA, Stamminger T. The chromatin remodeling protein ATRX positively regulates IRF3-dependent type I interferon production and interferon-induced gene expression. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010748. [PMID: 35939517 PMCID: PMC9387936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromatin remodeling protein alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) is a component of promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) and thereby mediates intrinsic immunity against several viruses including human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). As a consequence, viruses have evolved different mechanisms to antagonize ATRX, such as displacement from PML-NBs or degradation. Here, we show that depletion of ATRX results in an overall impaired antiviral state by decreasing transcription and subsequent secretion of type I IFNs, which is followed by reduced expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). ATRX interacts with the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and associates with the IFN-β promoter to facilitate transcription. Furthermore, whole transcriptome sequencing revealed that ATRX is required for efficient IFN-induced expression of a distinct set of ISGs. Mechanistically, we found that ATRX positively modulates chromatin accessibility specifically upon IFN signaling, thereby affecting promoter regions with recognition motifs for AP-1 family transcription factors. In summary, our study uncovers a novel co-activating function of the chromatin remodeling factor ATRX in innate immunity that regulates chromatin accessibility and subsequent transcription of interferons and ISGs. Consequently, ATRX antagonization by viral proteins and ATRX mutations in tumors represent important strategies to broadly compromise both intrinsic and innate immune responses. ATRX is a member of a family of chromatin remodeling proteins required for deposition of the histone variant H3.3 at specific genomic regions. This is important to maintain silencing at these sites. Furthermore, ATRX represents a component of PML nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) which are considered as enigmatic nuclear protein accumulations exhibiting a tight link to cell-intrinsic restriction of viral infections. Previous studies demonstrated that many viruses target ATRX by either displacement or degradation. So far, it is believed that this serves to alleviate ATRX-instituted silencing of viral gene expression. Our results reveal a novel and unexpectedly broad function of ATRX as a co-activator of the innate immune response. We show that ATRX is required for both DNA and RNA sensing pathways to activate interferon (IFN) gene expression as well as for upregulation of a distinct set of interferon-stimulated genes. Assessment of chromatin accessibility detected that IFN acts as a switch to regulate the function of ATRX in heterochromatin remodeling. ATRX positively modulates chromatin accessibility specifically upon IFN signaling, thereby affecting promoter regions with recognition motifs for AP-1 family transcription factors. Loss of ATRX due to viral infection or due to tumor mutations may thus broadly compromise cellular innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Myriam Scherer
- Institute of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Patrick König
- Institute of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Axel Fürstberger
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hans A. Kestler
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Stamminger
- Institute of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Al Hamrashdi M, Brady G. Regulation of IRF3 activation in Human Antiviral Signalling Pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 200:115026. [PMID: 35367198 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family of transcription factors play a vital role in the human innate antiviral immune responses with production of interferons (IFNs) as a hallmark outcome of activation. In recent years, IRF3 has been considered a principal early regulator of type I IFNs (TI-IFNs) directly downstream of intracellular virus sensing. Despite decades of research on IRF-activating pathways, many questions remain on the regulation of IRF3 activation. The kinases IκB kinase epsilon (IKKε) and TANK-binding kinase-1 (TBK1) and the scaffold proteins TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator (TANK), NF-kappa-B-activating kinase-associated protein 1 (NAP1) and TANK-binding kinase 1-binding protein 1 (TBKBP1)/similar to NAP1 TBK1 adaptor (SINTBAD) are believed to be core components of an IRF3-activation complex yet their contextual involvement and complex composition are still unclear. This review will give an overview of antiviral signaling pathways leading to the activation of IRF3 and discuss recent developments in our understanding of its proximal regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Al Hamrashdi
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James' Hospital Campus, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Gareth Brady
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James' Hospital Campus, Dublin, Ireland.
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Kim KH, Lee S, Park JW, Jung HS, Kim J, Yang H, Lee JH, Lee D. Analysis of Tissue-Specific Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3)
Gene Expression against Viral Infection in Paralichthys
olivaceus. Dev Reprod 2021; 25:235-244. [PMID: 35141449 PMCID: PMC8807130 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2021.25.4.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3) is a member of interferon-regulated
transcription factor family and is known to play an important role in the innate
immune response against viral infections. In this study, the expression of IRF3
in different tissues, developmental stages, and stocking densities of olive
flounder was investigated. The expression of IRF3 was observed to gradually
increase in early-stage juvenile fish. The highest expression was observed in
later-stage juvenile fish when immune tissues were formed. High IRF3 expression
was observed in the muscles and the brain tissues. The expression of IRF3 was
observed in fish at different stocking densities after viral hemorrhagic
septicemia virus (VHSV) infection. It yielded an interesting expression pattern
in the muscles and the brain tissues of fish stocked at low density. These
observations can be used as basic data for the study of the expression of immune
response-related genes against viruses based on stocking density and immune
systems in other fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hee Kim
- Fish Genetics and Breeding Research
Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science,
Geoje 53334, Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Fish Genetics and Breeding Research
Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science,
Geoje 53334, Korea
| | - Jong-Won Park
- Fish Genetics and Breeding Research
Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science,
Geoje 53334, Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Jung
- Fish Genetics and Breeding Research
Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science,
Geoje 53334, Korea
| | - Julan Kim
- Fish Genetics and Breeding Research
Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science,
Geoje 53334, Korea
| | - Hyerim Yang
- Fish Genetics and Breeding Research
Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science,
Geoje 53334, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Lee
- Fish Genetics and Breeding Research
Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science,
Geoje 53334, Korea
| | - Dain Lee
- Fish Genetics and Breeding Research
Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science,
Geoje 53334, Korea
- Corresponding author Dain Lee, Fish Genetics
and Breeding Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Geoje
53334, Korea. Tel: +82-55-639-5813, Fax:
+82-55-639-5809, E-mail:
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Chang K, Han K, Qiu W, Hu Z, Chen X, Chen X, Xie X, Wang S, Hu C, Mao H. Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) interferon regulatory factor 8 down-regulates interferon1 expression via interaction with interferon regulatory factor 2 in vitro. Mol Immunol 2021; 137:202-211. [PMID: 34280770 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), also known as interferon consensus sequence-binding protein (ICSBP), is a negative regulatory factor of interferon (IFN) and plays an important role in cell differentiation and innate immunity in mammals. In recent years, some irf8 homologous genes have been cloned and confirmed to take part in innate immune response in fish, but the mechanism still remains unclear. In this paper, a grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) irf8 gene (Ciirf8) was cloned and characterized. The deduced protein (CiIRF8) possesses a highly conserved N-terminal DNA binding domain but a less well-conserved C-terminal IRF association domain (IAD). Ciirf8 was widely expressed in all tested tissues of grass carp and up-regulated following poly(I:C) stimulation. Ciirf8 expression was also up-regulated in CIK cells upon treatment with poly(I:C). To explore the molecular mechanism of how fish IRF8 regulates ifn1 expression, the similarities and differences of grass carp IRF8 and IRF2 were compared and contrasted. Subcellular localization analysis showed that CiIRF8 is located both in the cytoplasm and nucleus; however, CiIRF2 is only located in the nucleus. The nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation of CiIRF8 was observed in CIK cells under stimulation with poly(I:C). The interaction of CiIRF8 and CiIRF2 was further confirmed by a co-immunoprecipitation assay in the nucleus. Dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that the promoter activity of Ciifn1 was significantly inhibited by co-transfection with CiIRF2 and CiIRF8. The transcription inhibition of Ciifn1 was alleviated by competitive binding of CiIRF2 and CiIRF8 to CiIRF1. In conclusion, CiIRF8 down-regulates Ciifn1 expression via interaction with CiIRF2 in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaile Chang
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Kun Han
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Weihua Qiu
- Teaching Material Research Office of Jiangxi Provincial Education Department, China
| | - Zhizhen Hu
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xingxing Chen
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xiaofen Xie
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Shanghong Wang
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Chengyu Hu
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Huiling Mao
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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Wang Z, Xu F, Hu J, Zhang H, Cui L, Lu W, He W, Wang X, Li M, Zhang H, Xiong W, Xie C, Liu Y, Zhou P, Liu J, Huang P, Qin XF, Xia X. Modulation of lactate-lysosome axis in dendritic cells by clotrimazole potentiates antitumor immunity. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e002155. [PMID: 34016722 PMCID: PMC8141455 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in antitumor immunity, but the therapeutic efficacy of DC-mediated cancer vaccine remains low, partly due to unsustainable DC function in tumor antigen presentation. Thus, identifying drugs that could enhance DC-based antitumor immunity and uncovering the underlying mechanism may provide new therapeutic options for cancer immunotherapy. METHODS In vitro antigen presentation assay was used for DC-modulating drug screening. The function of DC and T cells was measured by flow cytometry, ELISA, or qPCR. B16, MC38, CT26 tumor models and C57BL/6, Balb/c, nude, and Batf3-/- mice were used to analyze the in vivo therapy efficacy and impact on tumor immune microenvironment by clotrimazole treatment. RESULTS By screening a group of small molecule inhibitors and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs, we identified that clotrimazole, an antifungal drug, could promote DC-mediated antigen presentation and enhance T cell response. Mechanistically, clotrimazole acted on hexokinase 2 to regulate lactate metabolic production and enhanced the lysosome pathway and Chop expression in DCs subsequently induced DC maturation and T cell activation. Importantly, in vivo clotrimazole administration induced intratumor immune infiltration and inhibited tumor growth depending on both DCs and CD8+ T cells and potentiated the antitumor efficacy of anti-PD1 antibody. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that clotrimazole could trigger DC activation via the lactate-lysosome axis to promote antigen cross-presentation and could be used as a potential combination therapy approach to improving the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Clotrimazole/pharmacology
- Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Colonic Neoplasms/genetics
- Colonic Neoplasms/immunology
- Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Dendritic Cells/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Female
- Hexokinase/metabolism
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Immunomodulating Agents/pharmacology
- Lactic Acid/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Lysosomes/drug effects
- Lysosomes/immunology
- Lysosomes/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/drug therapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Nude
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Transcription Factor CHOP/metabolism
- Tumor Burden
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Zining Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhuo He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of The VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Penghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Metabolic Innovation Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Metabolic Innovation Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Frank Qin
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Mikhalkevich N, O’Carroll IP, Tkavc R, Lund K, Sukumar G, Dalgard CL, Johnson KR, Li W, Wang T, Nath A, Iordanskiy S. Response of human macrophages to gamma radiation is mediated via expression of endogenous retroviruses. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009305. [PMID: 33556144 PMCID: PMC7895352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation-induced tissue damage recruits monocytes into the exposed area where they are differentiated to macrophages. These implement phagocytic removal of dying cells and elicit an acute inflammatory response, but can also facilitate tumorigenesis due to production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Using primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and the THP1 monocytic cell line, we demonstrate that gamma radiation triggers monocyte differentiation toward the macrophage phenotype with increased expression of type I interferons (IFN-I) and both pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophage activation markers. We found that these changes correlate with significantly upregulated expression of 622 retroelements from various groups, particularly of several clades of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs). Elevated transcription was detected in both sense and antisense directions in the HERV subgroups tested, including the most genetically homogeneous clade HML-2. The level of antisense transcription was three- to five-fold higher than of the sense strand levels. Using a proximity ligation assay and immunoprecipitation followed by RNA quantification, we identified an increased amount of the dsRNA receptors MDA-5 and TLR3 bound to an equivalent number of copies of sense and antisense chains of HERVK HML-2 RNA. This binding triggered MAVS-associated signaling pathways resulting in increased expression of IFN-I and inflammation related genes that enhanced the cumulative inflammatory effect of radiation-induced senescence. HML-2 knockdown was accompanied with reduced expression and secretion of IFNα, pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, CCL2, CCL3, CCL8, and CCL20) and anti-inflammatory (IL10) modulators in irradiated monocytes and MDMs. Taken together, our data indicate that radiation stress-induced HERV expression enhances the IFN-I and cytokine response and results in increased levels of pro-inflammatory modulators along with expression of anti-inflammatory factors associated with the macrophage tumorigenic phenotype. Ionizing radiation is a powerful stressogenic factor that induces massive cell damage. The signals released from radiation-damaged tissues recruit the monocytes, which are differentiated into macrophages that remove dying cells via phagocytosis and facilitate inflammation but can also contribute to tumorigenesis through anti-inflammatory and regenerative activities. The mechanism of this dual response of macrophages to irradiation is not fully understood. Using primary human macrophages and a monocytic cell line, we demonstrated that gamma radiation doses activate expression of various human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs). At the molecular level, we have shown that increased numbers of sense and antisense transcripts of tested HERV subgroups bind to double-stranded RNA receptors inducing the expression of type I interferons, multiple pro-inflammatory and some anti-inflammatory factors. At the phenotypic level, polarized macrophages exhibit a potent inflammatory response along with potentially tumorigenic characteristics. Our data suggest that endogenous retroviruses represent an important contributor of the macrophage-mediated inflammation in response to radiation-induced stress but may also indirectly influence tumorigenesis via biased macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natallia Mikhalkevich
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ina P. O’Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rok Tkavc
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kateryna Lund
- Biomedical Instrumentation Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gauthaman Sukumar
- The American Genome Center (TAGC), Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Clifton L. Dalgard
- The American Genome Center (TAGC), Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kory R. Johnson
- Bioinformatics Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wenxue Li
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tongguang Wang
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Avindra Nath
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AN); (SI)
| | - Sergey Iordanskiy
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AN); (SI)
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12
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Schwanke H, Stempel M, Brinkmann MM. Of Keeping and Tipping the Balance: Host Regulation and Viral Modulation of IRF3-Dependent IFNB1 Expression. Viruses 2020; 12:E733. [PMID: 32645843 PMCID: PMC7411613 DOI: 10.3390/v12070733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The type I interferon (IFN) response is a principal component of our immune system that allows to counter a viral attack immediately upon viral entry into host cells. Upon engagement of aberrantly localised nucleic acids, germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors convey their find via a signalling cascade to prompt kinase-mediated activation of a specific set of five transcription factors. Within the nucleus, the coordinated interaction of these dimeric transcription factors with coactivators and the basal RNA transcription machinery is required to access the gene encoding the type I IFN IFNβ (IFNB1). Virus-induced release of IFNβ then induces the antiviral state of the system and mediates further mechanisms for defence. Due to its key role during the induction of the initial IFN response, the activity of the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) is tightly regulated by the host and fiercely targeted by viral proteins at all conceivable levels. In this review, we will revisit the steps enabling the trans-activating potential of IRF3 after its activation and the subsequent assembly of the multi-protein complex at the IFNβ enhancer that controls gene expression. Further, we will inspect the regulatory mechanisms of these steps imposed by the host cell and present the manifold strategies viruses have evolved to intervene with IFNβ transcription downstream of IRF3 activation in order to secure establishment of a productive infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hella Schwanke
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (H.S.); (M.S.)
- Viral Immune Modulation Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Markus Stempel
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (H.S.); (M.S.)
- Viral Immune Modulation Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Melanie M. Brinkmann
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (H.S.); (M.S.)
- Viral Immune Modulation Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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13
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Lau Y, Oamen HP, Caudron F. Protein Phase Separation during Stress Adaptation and Cellular Memory. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051302. [PMID: 32456195 PMCID: PMC7291175 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells need to organise and regulate their biochemical processes both in space and time in order to adapt to their surrounding environment. Spatial organisation of cellular components is facilitated by a complex network of membrane bound organelles. Both the membrane composition and the intra-organellar content of these organelles can be specifically and temporally controlled by imposing gates, much like bouncers controlling entry into night-clubs. In addition, a new level of compartmentalisation has recently emerged as a fundamental principle of cellular organisation, the formation of membrane-less organelles. Many of these structures are dynamic, rapidly condensing or dissolving and are therefore ideally suited to be involved in emergency cellular adaptation to stresses. Remarkably, the same proteins have also the propensity to adopt self-perpetuating assemblies which properties fit the needs to encode cellular memory. Here, we review some of the principles of phase separation and the function of membrane-less organelles focusing particularly on their roles during stress response and cellular memory.
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14
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Aziz N, Kang YG, Kim YJ, Park WS, Jeong D, Lee J, Kim D, Cho JY. Regulation of 8-Hydroxydaidzein in IRF3-Mediated Gene Expression in LPS-Stimulated Murine Macrophages. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020238. [PMID: 32033247 PMCID: PMC7072285 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines and chemokines are transcriptionally regulated by inflammatory transcription factors such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), activator protein-1 (AP-1), and interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3. A daidzein derivative compound, 8-hydroxydaidzein (8-HD), isolated from soy products, has recently gained attention due to various pharmacological benefits, including anti-inflammatory activities. However, regulation of the inflammatory signaling mechanism for 8-HD is still poorly understood, particularly with respect to the IRF-3 signaling pathway. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanism of 8-HD in regulating inflammatory processes, with a focus on the IRF-3 signaling pathway using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [Poly (I:C)] stimulated murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7). The 8-HD downregulated the mRNA expression level of IRF-3-dependent genes by inhibiting phosphorylation of the IRF-3 transcription factor. The inhibitory mechanism of 8-HD in the IRF-3 signaling pathway was shown to inhibit the kinase activity of IKKε to phosphorylate IRF-3. This compound can also interfere with the TRIF-mediated complex formation composed of TRAF3, TANK, and IKKε leading to downregulation of AKT phosphorylation and reduction of IRF-3 activation, resulted in inhibition of IRF-3-dependent expression of genes including IFN-β, C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), and interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1 (IFIT1). Therefore, these results strongly suggest that 8-HD can act as a promising compound with the regulatory function of IRF-3-mediated inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aziz
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (N.A.); (D.J.)
| | - Young-Gyu Kang
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin 17074, Korea; (Y.-G.K.); (Y.-J.K.); (W.-S.P.)
| | - Yong-Jin Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin 17074, Korea; (Y.-G.K.); (Y.-J.K.); (W.-S.P.)
| | - Won-Seok Park
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin 17074, Korea; (Y.-G.K.); (Y.-J.K.); (W.-S.P.)
| | - Deok Jeong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (N.A.); (D.J.)
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (N.A.); (D.J.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (D.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7861 (J.L.); +82-31-280-5869 (D.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin 17074, Korea; (Y.-G.K.); (Y.-J.K.); (W.-S.P.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (D.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7861 (J.L.); +82-31-280-5869 (D.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (N.A.); (D.J.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (D.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7861 (J.L.); +82-31-280-5869 (D.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
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15
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Lohard S, Bourgeois N, Maillet L, Gautier F, Fétiveau A, Lasla H, Nguyen F, Vuillier C, Dumont A, Moreau-Aubry A, Frapin M, David L, Loussouarn D, Kerdraon O, Campone M, Jézéquel P, Juin PP, Barillé-Nion S. STING-dependent paracriny shapes apoptotic priming of breast tumors in response to anti-mitotic treatment. Nat Commun 2020; 11:259. [PMID: 31937780 PMCID: PMC6959316 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A fascinating but uncharacterized action of antimitotic chemotherapy is to collectively prime cancer cells to apoptotic mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), while impacting only on cycling cell subsets. Here, we show that a proapoptotic secretory phenotype is induced by activation of cGAS/STING in cancer cells that are hit by antimitotic treatment, accumulate micronuclei and maintain mitochondrial integrity despite intrinsic apoptotic pressure. Organotypic cultures of primary human breast tumors and patient-derived xenografts sensitive to paclitaxel exhibit gene expression signatures typical of type I IFN and TNFα exposure. These cytokines induced by cGAS/STING activation trigger NOXA expression in neighboring cells and render them acutely sensitive to BCL-xL inhibition. cGAS/STING-dependent apoptotic effects are required for paclitaxel response in vivo, and they are amplified by sequential, but not synchronous, administration of BH3 mimetics. Thus anti-mitotic agents propagate apoptotic priming across heterogeneously sensitive cancer cells through cytosolic DNA sensing pathway-dependent extracellular signals, exploitable by delayed MOMP targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Lohard
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France
| | - Nathalie Bourgeois
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 15 Rue André Boquel, 49055, Angers, Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Laurent Maillet
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France
| | - Fabien Gautier
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 15 Rue André Boquel, 49055, Angers, Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Aurélie Fétiveau
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France
| | - Hamza Lasla
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 15 Rue André Boquel, 49055, Angers, Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Frédérique Nguyen
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Oniris, site Chantrerie, CS40706, 44307, Cedex 3, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Vuillier
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France
| | - Alison Dumont
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France
| | - Agnès Moreau-Aubry
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Morgane Frapin
- UMR 1280 PhAN, Université de Nantes, INRA, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent David
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CRTI, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, FED 4203, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes, France
| | | | - Olivier Kerdraon
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 15 Rue André Boquel, 49055, Angers, Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Mario Campone
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 15 Rue André Boquel, 49055, Angers, Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Pascal Jézéquel
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 15 Rue André Boquel, 49055, Angers, Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Philippe P Juin
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France.
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 15 Rue André Boquel, 49055, Angers, Pays de la Loire, France.
| | - Sophie Barillé-Nion
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
- SIRIC ILIAD, Nantes, Angers, France.
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16
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Wang Z, Chen J, Hu J, Zhang H, Xu F, He W, Wang X, Li M, Lu W, Zeng G, Zhou P, Huang P, Chen S, Li W, Xia LP, Xia X. cGAS/STING axis mediates a topoisomerase II inhibitor-induced tumor immunogenicity. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:4850-4862. [PMID: 31408442 DOI: 10.1172/jci127471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint blockade antibodies have been approved as immunotherapy for multiple types of cancer, but the response rate and efficacy are still limited. There are few immunogenic cell death (ICD)-inducing drugs available that can kill cancer cells, enhance tumor immunogenicity, increase the in vivo immune infiltration, and thereby boosting a tumor response to immunotherapy. So far, the ICD markers have been identified as the few immuno-stimulating characteristics of dead cells, but whether the presence of such ICD markers on tumor cells translates into enhanced antitumor immunity in vivo is still investigational. To identify anticancer drugs that could induce tumor cell death and boost T cell response, we performed drug screenings based on both an ICD reporter assay and T cell activation assay. We identified that teniposide, a DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor, could induce high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release and type I interferon signaling in tumor cells, and teniposide-treated tumor cells could activate antitumor T cell response both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, teniposide induced tumor cell DNA damage and innate immune signaling including NF-κB activation and STING-dependent type I interferon signaling, both of which contribute to the activation of dendritic cells and subsequent T cells. Furthermore, teniposide potentiated the antitumor efficacy of anti-PD1 on multiple types of mouse tumor models. Our findings showed that teniposide could trigger tumor immunogenicity, and enabled a potential chemo-immunotherapeutic approach to potentiate the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zining Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiemin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhuo He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wenhua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gucheng Zeng
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Penghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wende Li
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Ping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Du X, Meng F, Peng D, Wang Z, Ouyang W, Han Y, Gu Y, Fan L, Wu F, Jiang X, Xu F, Qin FXF. Noncanonical Role of FBXO6 in Regulating Antiviral Immunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:1012-1020. [PMID: 31308089 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved F-box family of proteins are well known for their role as the key component of SKP1-Cullin1-F-box (SCF) E3 ligase in controlling cell cycle, cell proliferation and cell death, carcinogenesis, and cancer metastasis. However, thus far, there is only limited investigation on their involvement in antiviral immunity. In contrast to the canonical function of FBXO6 associated with SCF E3 ligase complex, we report, in this study, that FBXO6 can also potently regulate the activation of IFN-I signaling during host response to viral infection by targeting the key transcription factor IFN-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) for accelerated degradation independent of SCF in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293T) and human lung cancer epithelial cells (A549). Structure and function delineation has further revealed that FBXO6 interacts with IAD domain of IRF3 through its FBA region to induce ubiquitination and degradation of IRF3 without the involvement of SCF. Thus, our studies have identified a general but, to our knowledge, previously unrecognized role and a novel noncanonical mechanism of FBXO6 in modulating IFN-I-mediated antiviral immune responses, which may protect the host from immunopathology of overreactive and harmful IFN-I production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Du
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fang Meng
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Di Peng
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zining Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; and
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; and
| | - Yayun Gu
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Lingbo Fan
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; and
| | - F Xiao-Feng Qin
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; .,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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18
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Krishnan R, Kurcheti PP, Mushtaq Z, K J, Naik T V. Interferon-regulatory factors, IRF3 and IRF7 in Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer: Characterization, ontogeny and transcriptional modulation upon challenge with nervous necrosis virus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:468-476. [PMID: 30940578 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 3 and IRF7 are key regulators of type I interferon (IFN) gene expression for the antiviral immune response. In the present study, interferon regulatory factor 3 and 7 from Asian seabass, namely AsIRF3 and AsIRF7 were cloned and characterized. The full-length cDNA sequence of IRF3 and IRF7 consisted of 2965 and 2343 bp respectively. AsIRF3 and AsIRF7 were true orthologes of vertebrate IRF3/7 and showed similar domain organization, with an N-terminal DBD which consisted five tryptophan residues in IRF3 and four in IRF7, a C-terminal IRF3 domain and a serine rich region. Both IRF3 and 7 constitutively expressed during the ontogenesis and in all tissues of healthy fish. The expression of both genes was up-regulated following NNV challenge with obvious transcript abundance in brain heart and kidney. Ectopic expression of AsIRF3 and AsIRF7 displayed activation of ISRE/NF-κB promoters and modulation of interferon, ISGs and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression. These observations indicated that IRF3 and IRF7 play an important role in Asian seabass's antiviral defense and the RIG-IRF-IFN axis is conserved in the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Krishnan
- Aquatic Environment and Health Management Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, India; Present Address: Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Pani Prasad Kurcheti
- Aquatic Environment and Health Management Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, India.
| | - Zahoor Mushtaq
- Aquatic Environment and Health Management Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Jeena K
- Aquatic Environment and Health Management Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Vismai Naik T
- Aquatic Environment and Health Management Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, India
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19
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Antonczyk A, Krist B, Sajek M, Michalska A, Piaszyk-Borychowska A, Plens-Galaska M, Wesoly J, Bluyssen HAR. Direct Inhibition of IRF-Dependent Transcriptional Regulatory Mechanisms Associated With Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1176. [PMID: 31178872 PMCID: PMC6543449 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of homologous proteins that regulate the transcription of interferons (IFNs) and IFN-induced gene expression. As such they are important modulating proteins in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) and IFN signaling pathways, which are vital elements of the innate immune system. IRFs have a multi-domain structure, with the N-terminal part acting as a DNA binding domain (DBD) that recognizes a DNA-binding motif similar to the IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE). The C-terminal part contains the IRF-association domain (IAD), with which they can self-associate, bind to IRF family members or interact with other transcription factors. This complex formation is crucial for DNA binding and the commencing of target-gene expression. IRFs bind DNA and exert their activating potential as homo or heterodimers with other IRFs. Moreover, they can form complexes (e.g., with Signal transducers and activators of transcription, STATs) and collaborate with other co-acting transcription factors such as Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and PU.1. In time, more of these IRF co-activating mechanisms have been discovered, which may play a key role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as acute and chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Detailed knowledge of IRFs structure and activating mechanisms predisposes IRFs as potential targets for inhibition in therapeutic strategies connected to numerous immune system-originated diseases. Until now only indirect IRF modulation has been studied in terms of antiviral response regulation and cancer treatment, using mainly antisense oligonucleotides and siRNA knockdown strategies. However, none of these approaches so far entered clinical trials. Moreover, no direct IRF-inhibitory strategies have been reported. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the different IRF-mediated transcriptional regulatory mechanisms and how they reflect the diverse functions of IRFs in homeostasis and in TLR and IFN signaling. Moreover, we present IRFs as promising inhibitory targets and propose a novel direct IRF-modulating strategy employing a pipeline approach that combines comparative in silico docking to the IRF-DBD with in vitro validation of IRF inhibition. We hypothesize that our methodology will enable the efficient identification of IRF-specific and pan-IRF inhibitors that can be used for the treatment of IRF-dependent disorders and malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Antonczyk
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Bart Krist
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Sajek
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Michalska
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Piaszyk-Borychowska
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Martyna Plens-Galaska
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Wesoly
- Laboratory of High Throughput Technologies, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Hans A R Bluyssen
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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20
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Steuernagel L, Meckbach C, Heinrich F, Zeidler S, Schmitt AO, Gültas M. Computational identification of tissue-specific transcription factor cooperation in ten cattle tissues. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216475. [PMID: 31095599 PMCID: PMC6522001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are a special class of DNA-binding proteins that orchestrate gene transcription by recruiting other TFs, co-activators or co-repressors. Their combinatorial interplay in higher organisms maintains homeostasis and governs cell identity by finely controlling and regulating tissue-specific gene expression. Despite the rich literature on the importance of cooperative TFs for deciphering the mechanisms of individual regulatory programs that control tissue specificity in several organisms such as human, mouse, or Drosophila melanogaster, to date, there is still need for a comprehensive study to detect specific TF cooperations in regulatory processes of cattle tissues. To address the needs of knowledge about specific combinatorial gene regulation in cattle tissues, we made use of three publicly available RNA-seq datasets and obtained tissue-specific gene (TSG) sets for ten tissues (heart, lung, liver, kidney, duodenum, muscle tissue, adipose tissue, colon, spleen and testis). By analyzing these TSG-sets, tissue-specific TF cooperations of each tissue have been identified. The results reveal that similar to the combinatorial regulatory events of model organisms, TFs change their partners depending on their biological functions in different tissues. Particularly with regard to preferential partner choice of the transcription factors STAT3 and NR2C2, this phenomenon has been highlighted with their five different specific cooperation partners in multiple tissues. The information about cooperative TFs could be promising: i) to understand the molecular mechanisms of regulating processes; and ii) to extend the existing knowledge on the importance of single TFs in cattle tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Steuernagel
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Meckbach
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstraße 1, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felix Heinrich
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zeidler
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Armin O. Schmitt
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, Georg-August University, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mehmet Gültas
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, Georg-August University, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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21
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Taniguchi M, Yanagi Y, Ohno S. Both type I and type III interferons are required to restrict measles virus growth in lung epithelial cells. Arch Virol 2018; 164:439-446. [PMID: 30390151 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-4087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Measles virus (MeV) first infects immune cells in the respiratory tract of a human host, spreads to lymphoid organs throughout the body, and finally enters and grows in respiratory epithelial cells before being released and transmitted to the next host. Thus, efficient growth in respiratory epithelial cells is important for the person-to-person transmission of MeV. Upon viral entry, host cells detect viral nucleic acids and produce interferons (IFNs) to control viral growth. Type I (IFN-α/β) and type III (IFN-λ) IFNs have largely common induction and signaling mechanisms and stimulate expression of similar target genes but utilize distinct receptors. To determine the relative contributions of type I and type III IFNs to the control of MeV growth in epithelial cells, we examined the growth of MeV and that of its mutants lacking either type I or type III IFN receptor in the human lung epithelial cell line H358. Our results revealed that both type I and type III IFNs are required to restrict MeV growth in H358 cells and that the induction of type III as well as type I IFNs was increased in the absence of the MeV nonstructural V protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Taniguchi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yanagi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Shinji Ohno
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
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22
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Aziz N, Son YJ, Cho JY. Thymoquinone Suppresses IRF-3-Mediated Expression of Type I Interferons via Suppression of TBK1. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1355. [PMID: 29751576 PMCID: PMC5983753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3 is known to have a critical role in viral and bacterial innate immune responses by regulating the production of type I interferon (IFN). Thymoquinone (TQ) is a compound derived from black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) and is known to regulate immune responses by affecting transcription factors associated with inflammation, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). However, the role of TQ in the IRF-3 signaling pathway has not been elucidated. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanism of TQ-dependent regulation of enzymes in IRF-3 signaling pathways using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophage-like RAW264.7 cell line. TQ decreased mRNA expression of the interferon genes IFN-α and IFN-β in these cells. This inhibition was due to its suppression of the transcriptional activation of IRF-3, as shown by inhibition of IRF-3 PRD (III-I) luciferase activity as well as the phosphorylation pattern of IRF-3 in the immunoblotting experiment. Moreover, TQ targeted the autophosphorylation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), an upstream key enzyme responsible for IRF-3 activation. Taken together, these findings suggest that TQ can downregulate IRF-3 activation via inhibition of TBK1, which would subsequently decrease the production of type I IFN. TQ also regulated IRF-3, one of the inflammatory transcription factors, providing a novel insight into its anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aziz
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Young-Jin Son
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
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23
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Trifonova RT, Barteneva NS. Quantitation of IRF3 Nuclear Translocation in Heterogeneous Cellular Populations from Cervical Tissue Using Imaging Flow Cytometry. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1745:125-153. [PMID: 29476467 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7680-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Imaging flow cytometry (IFC) has become a powerful tool for studying the activation of transcriptional factors in heterogeneous cell populations in high-content imaging mode. With considerable interest to the clinical development of IFC, the question becomes how we can accelerate its application to solid tissues. We developed the first IFC-based procedure to quantify the nuclear translocation of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 3, an important measure of induction of type I interferon antiviral response, in primary human immune cells including in solid tissues. After tissue digestion and protocol optimization by spectral flow cytometry, cell suspension is stained for intracellular IRF3 and acquired by IFC. Image analysis is performed using an optimized nuclear mask and similarity score parameter to correlate the location of IRF3 staining and a nuclear dye. The technique measures IRF3 activation at a single cell level and can detect small changes in the percent of activated cells providing objective quantitative data for statistical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radiana T Trifonova
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Natasha S Barteneva
- PCMM-Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
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24
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Peng D, Wang Z, Huang A, Zhao Y, Qin FXF. A Novel Function of F-Box Protein FBXO17 in Negative Regulation of Type I IFN Signaling by Recruiting PP2A for IFN Regulatory Factor 3 Deactivation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 198:808-819. [PMID: 27956528 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The F-box proteins were originally identified as the key component of SKP1-Cullin1-F-box E3 ligase complexes that control the stability of their specific downstream substrates essential for cell growth and survival. However, the involvement of these proteins in type I IFN (IFN-I) signaling during innate immunity has not been investigated. In this study we report that the F-box protein FBXO17 negatively regulates IFN-I signaling triggered by double-strand DNA, RNA, or viral infection. We found that FBXO17 specifically interacts with IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and decreases its dimerization and nuclear translocation. The decrease of IRF3 dimerization and nuclear translocation is due to the recruitment of protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) mediated by FBXO17, resulting in IRF3 dephosphorylation. Interestingly, PP2A recruitment does not require the F-box domain but instead the F-box associated region of the protein; thus, the recruitment is independent of the canonical function of the SKP1-Cullin1-F-box family of E3 ligase. Together, our studies identify a previously unreported role of FBXO17 in regulating IFN-I signaling and further demonstrate a novel mechanism for IRF3 deactivation by F-box protein-mediated recruitment of PP2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.,Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zining Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.,Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Anfei Huang
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; and Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; .,Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - F Xiao-Feng Qin
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; and Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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