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Cui M, Meng P, Wang S, Feng Q, Liu G, Zhao P. Differential effects of AKT1 and AKT2 on sleep-wake activity under basal conditions and in response to LPS challenge in mice. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2024; 22:411-421. [PMID: 38962788 PMCID: PMC11217225 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-024-00519-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Infectious challenge can trigger alterations in sleep-wake behavior. Accumulating evidence has shown that the serine/threonine kinases Akt1 and Akt2 are important targets in both physiological and infectious signaling processes. However, the involvement of Akt1 and Akt2 in sleep-wake activity under basal conditions and in response to inflammatory stimulation has not been established. In the present study, we assessed the precise role of Akt1 and Akt2 in sleep-wake behavior using electroencephalography (EEG)/electromyography (EMG) data from Akt1- and Akt2-deficient mice and wild-type (WT) mice. The results showed that both Akt1 and Akt2 deficiency affect sleep-wake activity, as indicated by reduced nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and increased wakefulness in mutant mice compared to WT mice. Sleep amount and intensity (delta, theta and alpha activity) at night were also drastically attenuated in Akt1- and Akt2-deficient mice. Moreover, since Akt1 and Akt2 are involved in immune responses, we assessed their roles in the sleep response to the inflammatory stimulus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) throughout the following 24 h. We observed that the decrease in wakefulness and increase in NREM sleep induced by LPS were restored in Akt1 knockout mice but not in Akt2 knockout mice. Correspondingly, the decrease in the number of positive orexin-A neurons induced by LPS was abrogated in Akt1 knockout mice but not in Akt2 knockout mice. Our results revealed that both Akt1 and Akt2 deficiency affect the sleep response under basal conditions, but only Akt1 deficiency protects against the aberrant changes in sleep behavior induced by peripheral immune challenge. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41105-024-00519-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cui
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Meng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaohe Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyuan Feng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangming Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214000 Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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Shuangshuang H, Mengmeng S, Lan Z, Fang Z, Yu L. Maimendong decoction regulates M2 macrophage polarization to suppress pulmonary fibrosis via PI3K/Akt/FOXO3a signalling pathway-mediated fibroblast activation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117308. [PMID: 37865276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mai Men Dong decoction (MMDD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is relevant to ethnopharmacology due to its constituents and therapeutic properties. The formula contains herbs like Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl., Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Makino, Panax ginseng C.A.Mey, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, and Ziziphus jujuba Mill, Oryza sativa L., which have been used for centuries in Chinese medicine. These herbs provide a comprehensive approach to treating respiratory conditions by addressing dryness, cough, and phlegm. Ethnopharmacological studies have explored the scientific basis of these herbs and identified active compounds that contribute to their medicinal effects. The traditional usage of MMDD by different ethnic groups reflects their knowledge and experiences. Examining this formula contributes to the understanding and development of ethnopharmacology. AIM OF THE STUDY In the case of pulmonary fibrosis (PF), treating it can be challenging due to the limited treatment options available. This study aimed to assess the potential of MMDD as a treatment for PF by targeting macrophages and the PI3K/Akt/FOXO3a signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a mouse model of PF, we investigated the effects of MMDD on inflammation, fibrosis, and M2 macrophage infiltration in lung tissue. Additionally, we examined the modulation of pro-fibrotic factors and key proteins in the PI3K/Akt/FOXO3a pathway. In vitro experiments involved inducing M2-type macrophages and assessing the impact of MMDD on fibroblast activation and the PI3K/Akt/FOXO3a pathway. RESULTS Results demonstrated that MMDD improved weight, reduced inflammation, and inhibited M2 macrophage infiltration in mouse lung tissue. It downregulated pro-fibrotic factors, such as TGF-β1 and PDGF-RB, as well as markers of fibroblast activation. MMDD also exhibited regulatory effects on key proteins in the PI3K/Akt/FOXO3a signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS MMDD inhibited M2 macrophage polarization and released profibrotic factors that inhibited pulmonary fibrosis. As a result, the PI3K/Akt/FOXO3a signaling pathway is suppressed. MMDD is proving to be a successful treatment for PF. However, further research is needed to validate its effectiveness in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Shuangshuang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Shen Mengmeng
- School of Chinese North China University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Zhang Lan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zhang Fang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Li Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China.
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Nie Y, Li J, Zhai X, Wang Z, Wang J, Wu Y, Zhao P, Yan G. Elamipretide(SS-31) Attenuates Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Nrf2-Dependent NLRP3 Inflammasome in Macrophages. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2022. [PMID: 38136142 PMCID: PMC10740969 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fatal lung disease with a limited therapeutic strategy. Mitochondrial oxidative stress in macrophages is directly linked to IPF. Elamipretide(SS-31) is a mitochondrion-targeted peptide that has been shown to be safe and beneficial for multiple diseases. However, whether SS-31 alleviates IPF is unclear. In the present study, we used a bleomycin (BLM)-induced mouse model followed by SS-31 injection every other day to investigate its role in IPF and explore the possible mechanism. Our results showed that SS-31 treatment significantly suppressed BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation, with improved histological change, and decreased extracellular matrix deposition and inflammatory cytokines release. Impressively, the expression percentage of IL-1β and IL-18 was downregulated to lower than half with SS-31 treatment. Mechanistically, SS-31 inhibited IL-33- or lipopolysaccharide(LPS)/IL-4-induced production of IL-1β and IL-18 in macrophages by suppressing NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3(NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) was dramatically upregulated along with improved mitochondrial function after SS-31 treatment in activated macrophages and BLM-induced mice. Conversely, there was no significant change after SS-31 treatment in Nrf2-/- mice and macrophages. These findings indicated that SS-31 protected against pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation by inhibiting the Nrf2-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages. Our data provide initial evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of SS-31 in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Nie
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.N.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.N.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xiaorun Zhai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.N.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhixu Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.N.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Junpeng Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.N.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yaxian Wu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.N.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.N.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Gen Yan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361000, China
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Pillai M, Lafortune P, Dabo A, Yu H, Park SS, Taluru H, Ahmed H, Bobrow D, Sattar Z, Jundi B, Reece J, Ortega RR, Soto B, Yewedalsew S, Foronjy R, Wyman A, Geraghty P, Ohlmeyer M. Small-Molecule Activation of Protein Phosphatase 2A Counters Bleomycin-Induced Fibrosis in Mice. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1659-1672. [PMID: 37974628 PMCID: PMC10644462 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a serine-threonine phosphatase, is reduced in the lung fibroblasts of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. The objective of this study was to determine whether the reactivation of PP2A could reduce fibrosis and preserve the pulmonary function in a bleomycin (BLM) mouse model. Here, we present a new class of direct small-molecule PP2A activators, diarylmethyl-pyran-sulfonamide, exemplified by ATUX-1215. ATUX-1215 has improved metabolic stability and bioavailability compared to our previously described PP2A activators. Primary human lung fibroblasts were exposed to ATUX-1215 and an older generation PP2A activator in combination with TGFβ. ATUX-1215 treatment enhanced the PP2A activity, reduced the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK, and reduced the TGFβ-induced expression of ACTA2, FN1, COL1A1, and COL3A1. C57BL/6J mice were administered 5 mg/kg ATUX-1215 daily following intratracheal instillation of BLM. Three weeks later, forced oscillation and expiratory measurements were performed using the Scireq Flexivent System. ATUX-1215 prevented BLM-induced lung physiology changes, including the preservation of normal PV loop, compliance, tissue elastance, and forced vital capacity. PP2A activity was enhanced with ATUX-1215 and reduced collagen deposition within the lungs. ATUX-1215 also prevented the BLM induction of Acta2, Ccn2, and Fn1 gene expression. Treatment with ATUX-1215 reduced the phosphorylation of ERK, p38, JNK, and Akt and the secretion of IL-12p70, GM-CSF, and IL1α in BLM-treated animals. Delayed treatment with ATUX-1215 was also observed to slow the progression of lung fibrosis. In conclusion, our study indicates that the decrease in PP2A activity, which occurs in fibroblasts from the lungs of IPF subjects, could be restored with ATUX-1215 administration as an antifibrotic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshach Pillai
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Pascale Lafortune
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Abdoulaye Dabo
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Howard Yu
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Sangmi S. Park
- Department
of Cell Biology, The State University of
New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Harsha Taluru
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Huma Ahmed
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Dylan Bobrow
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Zeeshan Sattar
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Bakr Jundi
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Joshua Reece
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Romy Rodriguez Ortega
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Brian Soto
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Selome Yewedalsew
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Robert Foronjy
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Anne Wyman
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
| | - Patrick Geraghty
- Department
of Medicine, The State University of New
York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
- Department
of Cell Biology, The State University of
New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York 11203, United States
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5
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Nie Y, Liang J, Sun J, Li J, Zhai X, Zhao P. Orexin A alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting macrophage activation through JNK-mediated autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:111018. [PMID: 37801969 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Crosstalk between the central nervous system and immune system by the neuroendocrine and autonomic nervous systems is critical during the inflammatory response. Exposure to endotoxin alters the activity of hypothalamic homeostatic systems, resulting in changed transmitter release within the brain. This study investigated the effects and cellular molecular mechanisms of neurogenic and exogenous orexin-A (OXA) in LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI). We found the production of OXA in the hypothalamus and lungs was both decreased following LPS infection. LPS-induced lung injury including the destruction of the structure, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokines generation was aggravated in mice in which orexin neurons were lesioned with the neurotoxin orexin-saporin (orexin-SAP). Administration of exogenous OXA greatly improved lung pathology and reduced inflammatory response. Orexin receptors were found in cultured mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and lung macrophages (LMs), adoptive transfer of OXA-treated macrophages showed alleviative lung injury compared to adoptive transfer of macrophages without OXA treatment. Mechanistically, it is the induction of autophagy via JNK activation that is responsible for OXA to suppress macrophage-derived pro-inflammatory cytokine production. These findings highlight the importance of neuro-immune crosstalk and indicate that OXA may be a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Nie
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Junjie Liang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi Higher Health Vocational Technology School, Wuxi 214000, PR China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaorun Zhai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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6
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Yin J, Hu T, Xu L, Zhang L, Zhu J, Ye Y, Pang Z. Hsa_circRNA_103124 upregulation in Crohn's disease promoted macrophage M1 polarization to maintain an inflammatory microenvironment via activation of the AKT2 and TLR4/NF-κB pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110763. [PMID: 37567009 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
An accumulating body of research indicates that circular RNAs participate in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). Hsa_circRNA_103124, which was upregulated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with CD, was reported to inhibit autophagy in our previous studies. However, how hsa_circRNA_103124 participates in CD progression remains unclear. In this study, TLR4 was found to be upregulated in THP1 cells overexpressing hsa_circRNA_103124. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that overexpressed hsa_circRNA_103124 was associated with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and TLR4-associated innate immunity in inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, we inferred a possible role for hsa_circRNA_103124 in macrophage polarization. Hsa_circRNA_103124, AKT2 and TLR4 were significantly upregulated in the PBMCs of patients with CD. Further analysis revealed a positive correlation between hsa_circRNA_103124 and AKT2 (r = 0.8029, p < 0.0001), TLR4 (r = 0.2529, p = 0.0089) and the Crohn's disease activity index (r = 0.4535, p < 0.0001) in patients with CD. Notably, hsa_circRNA_103124 promoted macrophage M1 polarization with increased expression of CD80 and CD86, while it inhibited macrophage M2 polarization with decreased expression of CD206 and CD163. Hsa_circRNA_103124 promoted an inflammatory microenvironment by activating the AKT2 and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways in M1 polarized THP1 cells. Nevertheless, hsa-miR-650 reversed the role of hsa_circRNA_103124 in M1 polarization. Hsa_circRNA_103124 promoted the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps and reduced the expression of ZO-1. In summary, the results of this study indicated that hsa_circRNA_103124 promoted macrophage M1 polarization to maintain an inflammatory microenvironment via activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in a hsa-miR-650/AKT2 dependent manner. Hsa_circRNA_103124 could serve as a potential biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in CD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yin
- Department of Digestive Disease and Nutrition Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Tong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Lijuan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jianyun Zhu
- Department of Digestive Disease and Nutrition Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yulan Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Zhi Pang
- Department of Digestive Disease and Nutrition Research Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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7
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Lou X, Duan S, Li M, Yuan Y, Chen S, Wang Z, Wang Z, Sun L, Qian F. IL-36α inhibits melanoma by inducing pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:3045-3061. [PMID: 37318520 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-36α (IL-36α) is essential for various inflammatory conditions, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis, whereas its role in tumor immunity is unclear. In this study, it was demonstrated that IL-36α could activate the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in macrophages, leading to the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL5 and iNOS. Importantly, IL-36α has significant antitumor effects, altering the tumor microenvironment and promoting the infiltration of MHC IIhigh macrophages and CD8+ T cells while decreasing the levels of monocyte myeloid-derived suppressor cells, CD4+ T cells and regulatory T cells. This ultimately results in the inhibition of tumor growth and migration. Furthermore, IL-36α synergized with the PD-L1 antibody increased the immune cells infiltration and enhanced the anti-tumor effect of the PD-L1 antibody on melanoma. Collectively, this study reveals a new role for IL-36α in promoting anti-tumor immune responses in macrophages and suggests its potential for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Lou
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixin Duan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengkai Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yuan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Zishu Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Sun
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Qian
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233004, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Nie Y, Zhai X, Li J, Sun A, Che H, Christman JW, Chai G, Zhao P, Karpurapu M. NFATc3 Promotes Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis by Regulating Production of CCL2 and CXCL2 in Macrophages. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1441-1457. [PMID: 37523510 PMCID: PMC10389814 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and highly lethal inflammatory interstitial lung disease characterized by aberrant extracellular matrix deposition. Macrophage activation by cytokines released from repetitively injured alveolar epithelial cells regulates the inflammatory response, tissue remodeling, and fibrosis throughout various phases of IPF. Our previous studies demonstrate that nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic member 3 (NFATc3) regulates a wide array of macrophage genes during acute lung injury pathogenesis. However, the role of NFATc3 in IPF pathophysiology has not been previously reported. In the current study, we demonstrate that expression of NFATc3 is elevated in lung tissues and pulmonary macrophages in mice subjected to bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis and IPF patients. Remarkably, NFATc3 deficiency (NFATc3+/-) was protective in bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury and fibrosis. Adoptive transfer of NFATc3+/+ macrophages to NFATc3+/- mice restored susceptibility to BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, in vitro treatment with IL-33 or conditioned medium from BLM-treated epithelial cells increased production of CCL2 and CXCL2 in macrophages from NFATc3+/+ but not NFATc3+/- mice. CXCL2 promoter-pGL3 Luciferase reporter vector showed accentuated reporter activity when co-transfected with the NFATc3 expression vector. More importantly, exogenous administration of recombinant CXCL2 into NFATc3+/- mice increased fibrotic markers and exacerbated IPF phenotype in BLM treated mice. Collectively, our data demonstrate, for the first time, that NFATc3 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by regulating CCL2 and CXCL2 gene expression in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Nie
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xiaorun Zhai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Aijuan Sun
- Department of Pathology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China.
| | - Huilian Che
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - John W Christman
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
| | - Gaoshang Chai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Manjula Karpurapu
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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Yang W, Pan L, Cheng Y, Wu X, Huang S, Du J, Zhu H, Zhang M, Zhang Y. Amifostine attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice through inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10485. [PMID: 37380638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Amifostine is a normal cell protection agent, not only used in the adjuvant therapy of lung cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, bone tumor, digestive tract tumor, blood system tumor and other cancers in order to reduce the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs, and recent studies have reported that the drug can also reduce lung tissue damage in patients with pulmonary fibrosis, but its mechanism of action is not yet fully understood. In this study, we explored the potential therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of AMI on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. A mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was established using BLM. We then assessed histopathological changes, inflammatory factors, oxidative indicators, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, extracellular matrix changes, and levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway-related proteins in the BLM-treated mice to determine the effect of AMI treatment on these factors. BLM-treated mice had substantial lung inflammation and abnormal extracellular matrix deposition. Overall, treatment with AMI significantly improved BLM-induced lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis. More specifically, AMI alleviated BLM-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, alveolar cell apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and extracellular matrix deposition by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. This finding that AMI can alleviate pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model by inhibiting activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway lays a foundation for potential future clinical application of this agent in patients with pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Lin Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yiju Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, 550004, China.
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Songsong Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Honglan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Menglin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yuquan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
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10
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Ruan P, Todd JL, Zhao H, Liu Y, Vinisko R, Soellner JF, Schmid R, Kaner RJ, Luckhardt TR, Neely ML, Noth I, Porteous M, Raj R, Safdar Z, Strek ME, Hesslinger C, Palmer SM, Leonard TB, Salisbury ML. Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals novel idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis endotypes associated with disease progression. Respir Res 2023; 24:141. [PMID: 37344825 PMCID: PMC10283254 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02435-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix in the pulmonary interstitium and progressive functional decline. We hypothesized that integration of multi-omics data would identify clinically meaningful molecular endotypes of IPF. METHODS The IPF-PRO Registry is a prospective registry of patients with IPF. Proteomic and transcriptomic (including total RNA [toRNA] and microRNA [miRNA]) analyses were performed using blood collected at enrollment. Molecular data were integrated using Similarity Network Fusion, followed by unsupervised spectral clustering to identify molecular subtypes. Cox proportional hazards models tested the relationship between these subtypes and progression-free and transplant-free survival. The molecular subtypes were compared to risk groups based on a previously described 52-gene (toRNA expression) signature. Biological characteristics of the molecular subtypes were evaluated via linear regression differential expression and canonical pathways (Ingenuity Pathway Analysis [IPA]) over-representation analyses. RESULTS Among 232 subjects, two molecular subtypes were identified. Subtype 1 (n = 105, 45.3%) and Subtype 2 (n = 127, 54.7%) had similar distributions of age (70.1 +/- 8.1 vs. 69.3 +/- 7.6 years; p = 0.31) and sex (79.1% vs. 70.1% males, p = 0.16). Subtype 1 had more severe disease based on composite physiologic index (CPI) (55.8 vs. 51.2; p = 0.002). After adjusting for CPI and antifibrotic treatment at enrollment, subtype 1 experienced shorter progression-free survival (HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.28,2.56; p = 0.0008) and similar transplant-free survival (HR 1.30, 95% CI 0.87,1.96; p = 0.20) as subtype 2. There was little agreement in the distribution of subjects to the molecular subtypes and the risk groups based on 52-gene signature (kappa = 0.04, 95% CI= -0.08, 0.17), and the 52-gene signature risk groups were associated with differences in transplant-free but not progression-free survival. Based on heatmaps and differential expression analyses, proteins and miRNAs (but not toRNA) contributed to classification of subjects to the molecular subtypes. The IPA showed enrichment in pulmonary fibrosis-relevant pathways, including mTOR, VEGF, PDGF, and B-cell receptor signaling. CONCLUSIONS Integration of transcriptomic and proteomic data from blood enabled identification of clinically meaningful molecular endotypes of IPF. If validated, these endotypes could facilitate identification of individuals likely to experience disease progression and enrichment of clinical trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01915511.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifeng Ruan
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jamie L Todd
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Richard Vinisko
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | | | - Ramona Schmid
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Tracy R Luckhardt
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Megan L Neely
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Imre Noth
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mary Porteous
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rishi Raj
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Mary E Strek
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Scott M Palmer
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Margaret L Salisbury
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, 37232, Nashville, TN, USA.
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11
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Geroldinger-Simić M, Bayati S, Pohjanen E, Sepp N, Nilsson P, Pin E. Autoantibodies against PIP4K2B and AKT3 Are Associated with Skin and Lung Fibrosis in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5629. [PMID: 36982700 PMCID: PMC10051301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune systemic disease that leads to decreased survival and quality of life due to fibrosis, inflammation, and vascular damage in the skin and/or vital organs. Early diagnosis is crucial for clinical benefit in SSc patients. Our study aimed to identify autoantibodies in the plasma of SSc patients that are associated with fibrosis in SSc. Initially, we performed a proteome-wide screening on sample pools from SSc patients by untargeted autoantibody screening on a planar antigen array (including 42,000 antigens representing 18,000 unique proteins). The selection was complemented with proteins reported in the literature in the context of SSc. A targeted antigen bead array was then generated with protein fragments representing the selected proteins and used to screen 55 SSc plasma samples and 52 matched controls. We found eleven autoantibodies with a higher prevalence in SSc patients than in controls, eight of which bound to proteins associated with fibrosis. Combining these autoantibodies in a panel could lead to the subgrouping of SSc patients with fibrosis. Anti-Phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase type 2 beta (PIP4K2B)- and anti-AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 3 (AKT3)-antibodies should be further explored to confirm their association with skin and lung fibrosis in SSc patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Geroldinger-Simić
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, 4020 Linz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Shaghayegh Bayati
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emmie Pohjanen
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Norbert Sepp
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisa Pin
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Yang X, Xu Z, Hu S, Shen J. Perspectives of PDE inhibitor on treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1111393. [PMID: 36865908 PMCID: PMC9973527 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1111393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD) without an identifiable cause. If not treated after diagnosis, the average life expectancy is 3-5 years. Currently approved drugs for the treatment of IPF are Pirfenidone and Nintedanib, as antifibrotic drugs, which can reduce the decline rate of forced vital capacity (FVC) and reduce the risk of acute exacerbation of IPF. However these drugs can not relieve the symptoms associated with IPF, nor improve the overall survival rate of IPF patients. We need to develop new, safe and effective drugs to treat pulmonary fibrosis. Previous studies have shown that cyclic nucleotides participate in the pathway and play an essential role in the process of pulmonary fibrosis. Phosphodiesterase (PDEs) is involved in cyclic nucleotide metabolism, so PDE inhibitors are candidates for pulmonary fibrosis. This paper reviews the research progress of PDE inhibitors related to pulmonary fibrosis, so as to provide ideas for the development of anti-pulmonary fibrosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | | | - Songhua Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Juan Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
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13
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Tian Y, Duan C, Feng J, Liao J, Yang Y, Sun W. Roles of lipid metabolism and its regulatory mechanism in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A review. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 155:106361. [PMID: 36592687 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease of unknown etiology characterized by distorted distal lung architecture, inflammation, and fibrosis. Several lung cell types, including alveolar epithelial cells and fibroblasts, have been implicated in the development and progression of fibrosis. However, the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is still incompletely understood. The latest research has found that dysregulation of lipid metabolism plays an important role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The changes in the synthesis and activity of fatty acids, cholesterol and other lipids seriously affect the regenerative function of alveolar epithelial cells and promote the transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Mitochondrial function is the key to regulating the metabolic needs of a variety of cells, including alveolar epithelial cells. Sirtuins located in mitochondria are essential to maintain mitochondrial function and cellular metabolic homeostasis. Sirtuins can maintain normal lipid metabolism by regulating respiratory enzyme activity, resisting oxidative stress, and protecting mitochondrial function. In this review, we aimed to discuss the difference between normal and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lungs in terms of lipid metabolism. Additionally, we highlight recent breakthroughs on the effect of abnormal lipid metabolism on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, including the effects of sirtuins. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has its high mortality and limited therapeutic options; therefore, we believe that this review will help to develop a new therapeutic direction from the aspect of lipid metabolism in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchuan Tian
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chunyan Duan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jiayue Feng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jie Liao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China.
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14
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Huang M, Jiao J, Cai H, Zhang Y, Xia Y, Lin J, Shang Z, Qian Y, Wang F, Wu H, Kong X, Gu J. C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 confines liver regeneration by down-regulating reparative macrophage-derived hepatocyte growth factor in a forkhead box O 3a-dependent manner. Hepatology 2022; 76:1706-1722. [PMID: 35288960 PMCID: PMC9790589 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Liver regeneration (LR) is vital for the recovery of liver function after hepatectomy. Limited regeneration capacity, together with insufficient remnant liver volume, is a risk factor for posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) resulting from small-for-size syndrome. Although inflammation plays an important role in controlling LR, the underlying mechanisms still remain obscure. APPROACH AND RESULTS We identified C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 5 as an important negative regulator for LR. CCL5 levels were elevated after partial hepatectomy (PHx), both in healthy donors of living donor liver transplantation (LT) and PHx mouse models. Ccl5 knockout mice displayed improved survival after 90% PHx and enhanced LR 36 h after 70% PHx. However, primary hepatocytes from Ccl5-/- mice exposed to growth factors in vitro showed no proliferation advantage compared to those from wild-type (WT) mice. Flow cytometry analysis showed that proportions of Ly6Clo macrophages were significantly increased in Ccl5-/- mice after 70% PHx. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that sorted macrophages (CD11b+ Ly6Clo&hi ) manifested enhanced expression of reparative genes in Ccl5-/- mice compared to WT mice. Mechanistically, CCL5 induced macrophages toward proinflammatory Ly6Chi phenotype, thereby inhibiting the production of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) through the C-C motif chemokine receptor (CCR) 1- and CCR5-mediated forkhead box O (FoxO) 3a pathways. Finally, blockade of CCL5 greatly optimized survival and boosted LR in the mouse PHx model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that inhibition of CCL5 is a promising strategy to improve regeneration restoration by enhancing HGF secretion from reparative macrophages through the FoxO3a pathway, which may potentially reduce the mortality of PHLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Huang
- Department of TransplantationXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina.,Central LaboratoryDepartment of Liver DiseasesShuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Junzhe Jiao
- Central LaboratoryDepartment of Liver DiseasesShuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hao Cai
- Department of TransplantationXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Department of TransplantationXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yuhan Xia
- Department of TransplantationXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jiacheng Lin
- Central LaboratoryDepartment of Liver DiseasesShuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhi Shang
- Central LaboratoryDepartment of Liver DiseasesShuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yihan Qian
- Central LaboratoryDepartment of Liver DiseasesShuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Fang Wang
- Central LaboratoryDepartment of Liver DiseasesShuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hailong Wu
- 191610Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular ImagingShanghai University of Medicine and Health SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoni Kong
- Central LaboratoryDepartment of Liver DiseasesShuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jinyang Gu
- Department of TransplantationXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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15
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Microglia-Neutrophil Interactions Drive Dry AMD-like Pathology in a Mouse Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223535. [PMID: 36428965 PMCID: PMC9688699 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), inflammation plays a key role in disease pathogenesis. Innate immune cells such as microglia and neutrophils infiltrate the sub-retinal space (SRS) to induce chronic inflammation and AMD progression. But a major gap in our understanding is how these cells interact with each other in AMD. Here, we report a novel concept of how dynamic interactions between microglia and neutrophils contribute to AMD pathology. Using well-characterized genetically engineered mouse models as tools, we show that in the diseased state, retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells trigger pro-inflammatory (M1) transition in microglia with diminished expression of the homeostatic marker, CX3CR1. Activated microglia localize to the SRS and regulate local neutrophil function, triggering their activation and thereby inducing early RPE changes. Ligand receptor (LR)-loop analysis and cell culture studies revealed that M1 microglia also induce the expression of neutrophil adhesion mediators (integrin β1/α4) through their interaction with CD14 on microglia. Furthermore, microglia-induced neutrophil activation and subsequent neutrophil-mediated RPE alterations were mitigated by inhibiting Akt2 in microglia. These results suggest that the Akt2 pathway in microglia drives M1 microglia-mediated neutrophil activation, thereby triggering early RPE degeneration and is a novel therapeutic target for early AMD, a stage without treatment options.
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[Research Progress on Pathogenic Mechanism and Potential Therapeutic Drugs of
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Complicated with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:756-763. [PMID: 36167462 PMCID: PMC9619346 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.101.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive fibrous interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. IPF is also considered to be among the independent risk factors for lung cancer, increasing the risk of lung cancer by 7% and 20%. The incidence of IPF complicated with lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is increasing gradually, but there is no consensus on unified management and treatment. IPF and NSCLC have similar pathological features. Both appear in the surrounding area of the lung. In pathients with IPF complicated with NSCLC, NSCLC often develops from the honeycomb region of IPF, but the mechanism of NSCLC induced by IPF remains unclear. In addition, IPF and NSCLC have similar genetic, molecular and cellular processes and common signal transduction pathways. The universal signal pathways targeting IPF and NSCLC will become potential therapeutic drugs for IPF complicated with NSCLC. This article examines the main molecular mechanisms involved in IPF and NSCLC and the research progress of drugs under development targeting these signal pathways.
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Kletukhina S, Mutallapova G, Titova A, Gomzikova M. Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911212. [PMID: 36232511 PMCID: PMC9569825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial fibrotic disease that leads to disability and death within 5 years of diagnosis. Pulmonary fibrosis is a disease with a multifactorial etiology. The concept of aberrant regeneration of the pulmonary epithelium reveals the pathogenesis of IPF, according to which repeated damage and death of alveolar epithelial cells is the main mechanism leading to the development of progressive IPF. Cell death provokes the migration, proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, which overproduce extracellular matrix, resulting in fibrotic deformity of the lung tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapies for pulmonary fibrosis. MSCs, and EVs derived from MSCs, modulate the activity of immune cells, inhibit the expression of profibrotic genes, reduce collagen deposition and promote the repair of damaged lung tissue. This review considers the molecular mechanisms of the development of IPF and the multifaceted role of MSCs in the therapy of IPF. Currently, EVs-MSCs are regarded as a promising cell-free therapy tool, so in this review we discuss the results available to date of the use of EVs-MSCs for lung tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevindzh Kletukhina
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Guzel Mutallapova
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Angelina Titova
- Morphology and General Pathology Department, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Marina Gomzikova
- Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-917-8572269
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18
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Niu Z, Lin J, Hao C, Xu X, Wang C, Dai K, Deng X, Deng M, Guo Y, Yao W. Glycyrrhizic Acid Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis of Silicosis by Inhibiting the Interaction between HMGB1 and BRG1 through PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148743. [PMID: 35886594 PMCID: PMC9317839 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: High mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved DNA-binding nuclear protein that participates in the occurrence and development of silicosis. HMGB1 binds to its specific receptor and activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B, (PKB; Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Brahma-related genes 1 (BRG1; SMARCA4) is the core subunit of SWI/SNF. HMGB1 activates the Akt pathway through BRG1 to promote the proliferation of prostate cancer. Glycyrrhizic acid is a new pharmacological inhibitor of HMGB1, which may inhibit the occurrence and development of silicosis. We speculate that glycyrrhizic acid inhibits the interaction between HMGB1 and BRG1 through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to affect the progression of silicosis. Methods: We carried out an in vitro study and stimulated A549 with TGF-β1 to establish an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) model, knocked down the HMGB1 and BRG1 genes in cells, observed the expression of EMT markers, and detected the interaction between HMGB1 and BRG1 by co-immunoprecipitation. In vivo, we injected glycyrrhizic acid into the mouse silicosis model to inhibit the expression of HMGB1. Results: Both HMGB1 and BRG1 were highly expressed in the process of EMT. After knocking down HMGB1 and BRG1, the process of EMT was inhibited through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and their expressions were influenced by each other. HMGB1 and BRG1 interact with each other in A549 cells. HMGB1 and BRG1 are also highly expressed in the mouse silicosis model, and glycyrrhizic acid can inhibit the expression of HMGB1/BRG1 through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Conclusion: Glycyrrhizic acid can inhibit the interaction between HMGB1 and BRG1 through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to affect the progression of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoya Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Jisong Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Changfu Hao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Kai Dai
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Xuedan Deng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Meng Deng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yonghua Guo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-371-67781922; Fax: +86-371-67781868
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Somade OT, Adeyi OE, Ajayi BO, Asunde OO, Iloh PD, Adesanya AA, Babalola OI, Folorunsho OT, Olakunle DA, Lawal OF. Syringic and ascorbic acids prevent NDMA-induced pulmonary fibrogenesis, inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress through the regulation of PI3K-Akt/PKB-mTOR-PTEN signaling pathway. Metabol Open 2022; 14:100179. [PMID: 35340717 PMCID: PMC8943260 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic lung fibrosis (ILF) is a severe and life threatening lung disorder that is characterized by scarring of lung tissue, leading to thickening and stiffening of affected areas. This study looked at the role played by PI3K-Akt/PKB-mToR signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)-induced lung fibrotic injury, and the effects of syringic acid (SYR) and ascorbic acid (ASC) treatments in male Wistar rats. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg NDMA once daily, thrice (consecutively) a week for four weeks, and this condition was treated daily with SYR (50 mg/kg) and ASC (100 mg/kg) acids orally for four weeks. Fibrogenesis, following NDMA administration was marked by a significant increase in collagen-1 and α-SMA levels, while oxidative stress was marked by a significant decrease in GSH level, GST, GPx, CAT, and SOD activities. Also, NDMA significantly increased lung Bax, p53, caspase-3, TNF-α, IL-1β, NFkB, and decreased Bcl-2, mdm2, cyclin D1 and Nrf-2 levels. Looking at the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, NDMA administration significantly activated lung PI3K, Akt, and mTOR, and deactivated PTEN, FoxO1 and TSC2. Treatments with SYR and ASC significantly reduced oxidative stress by restoring the antioxidant systems via Nrf2 activation, decreased the levels of inflammatory markers through inhibition of NFkB, downregulated p53, Bax, and caspase-3 via up-regulation of mdm2 and cyclin D1. SYR and ASC also regulated the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway via the deactivation of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR, and up-regulation of PTEN, FoxO1 and TSC2. Overall, SYR and ASC modulate the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway via inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in NDMA-induced lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatobi T. Somade
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
- Corresponding author.
| | - Olubisi E. Adeyi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Babajide O. Ajayi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Osiro O. Asunde
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Precious D. Iloh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Adedayo A. Adesanya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Olanrewaju I. Babalola
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseyi T. Folorunsho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Deborah A. Olakunle
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi F. Lawal
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
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20
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Yang K, Tian C, Zhang C, Xiang M. The Controversial Role of IL-33 in Lung Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:897356. [PMID: 35634336 PMCID: PMC9134343 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.897356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) belongs to the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family, and its structure is similar to IL-18. When cells are damaged or undergo necrosis, mature form of IL-33 is secreted as a cytokine, which can activate the immune system and provide danger signals. The IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway is composed of IL-33, suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), and IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP). IL-33 has been reported to be strongly associated with lung cancer progression, and can exhibit opposite effects on lung cancer under different conditions. In this review, we have summarized the structure and basic functions of IL-33, its possible function in immune regulation, and its role in pulmonary fibrosis as well as in lung cancer. We have highlighted the dual regulation of IL-33 in lung cancer and proposed potential lung cancer treatment regimens, especially new immunotherapies, based on its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Xiang,
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21
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Zhang H, Wei R, Yang X, Xu L, Jiang H, Li M, Jiang H, Zhang H, Chen Z, Qian F, Sun L. AMFR drives allergic asthma development by promoting alveolar macrophage-derived GM-CSF production. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213095. [PMID: 35333296 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are specialized tissue-resident macrophages that orchestrate the immune response in allergic inflammation and asthma. However, what signals direct AMs to cross talk with other immune cells remains unclear. Here, we report that autocrine motility factor receptor (AMFR), an endoplasmic reticulum-resident E3 ubiquitin ligase, is upregulated in AMs of asthma and is critical for this condition. AMFR deficiency significantly decreased allergy-induced T helper 2 (Th2) and eosinophilic inflammation, with less granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production in AMs. Mechanistically, following thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) stimulation, AMFR associated directly with cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CIS), induced the ubiquitination of Lys48-linked polyubiquitination of CIS, and consequently blocked the inhibitory effect of CIS on signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) phosphorylation and the downstream pathway activation in AMs. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that AMFR serves a crucial role in promoting inflammation in asthma through regulating AM function, and may emerge as a new potential drug target for asthma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ran Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lu Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hongchao Jiang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Mengkai Li
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Jiang
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Feng Qian
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lei Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Pharm-X Center, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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22
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Impellizzieri D, Egholm C, Valaperti A, Distler O, Boyman O. Patients with systemic sclerosis show phenotypic and functional defects in neutrophils. Allergy 2022; 77:1274-1284. [PMID: 34467524 PMCID: PMC9293168 DOI: 10.1111/all.15073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multiorgan autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, vascular modification, and progressive fibrosis of the skin and several visceral organs. Innate and adaptive immune cells, including myeloid, B and T cells, are believed to be central to the pathogenesis of SSc. However, the role and functional state of neutrophil granulocytes (neutrophils) are ill-defined in SSc. METHODS We performed a prospective study of neutrophils freshly isolated from SSc patients and healthy donors (HD) by measuring in these neutrophils (i) functional cell surface markers, including CD16, CD62L, CD66b, CD66c, CXCR1, CXCR2, and CXCR4; (ii) cytokine-activated intracellular signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways, such as phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3), pSTAT5, and pSTAT6; (iii) production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) and intracellular myeloperoxidase (MPO); and (iv) phagocytosis of bacteria by the neutrophils. RESULTS Neutrophils of SSc patients expressed lower CD16 and CD62L and higher pSTAT3 and pSTAT6 compared to HD. Moreover, neutrophils of SSc patients lacked CXCR1 and CXCR2, the receptors responding to the potent neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL8. Neutrophils of SSc patients were also deficient in MPO levels, NET formation, and phagocytosis of bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Neutrophils of patients with SSc display several functional defects affecting cell migration, NET formation, and phagocytosis of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilie Egholm
- Department of Immunology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Alan Valaperti
- Department of Immunology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Onur Boyman
- Department of Immunology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
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Yu J, Zhao H, Liu G, Zhu L, Peng B. Immuno-colocalization of IRF5 with TRAF6 and AKT2 in Human Apical Periodontitis. J Endod 2022; 48:759-767. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Versace AG, Bitto A, Ioppolo C, Aragona CO, La Rosa D, Roberts WN, D'Angelo T, Cinquegrani A, Cirmi S, Irrera N, Navarra M, Corrao S, Gangemi S, Bagnato G. IL-13 and IL-33 Serum Levels Are Increased in Systemic Sclerosis Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:825567. [PMID: 35252259 PMCID: PMC8891529 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.825567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Systemic sclerosis (SSc) mortality is extremely variable in its internal organ involvement. Pulmonary fibrosis occurs in up to 30% of the cases. Animal models provide evidence that IL-33 is able to induce both cutaneous and pulmonary fibrosis via increased IL-13 and in SSc patients the levels of IL-33 correlate with skin fibrosis. Our aim was to test whether both IL-33 and IL-13 are higher in patients with diffuse SSc and interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) compared to SSc patients without ILD and healthy controls. Methods Serum levels of IL-13 and IL-33 were measured in 30 SSc patients with diffuse disease and 30 healthy controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The extent of pulmonary fibrosis was assessed according to HRCT Warrick score. Pulmonary function tests included lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, forced vital capacity and total lung capacity. Results Both IL-13 and IL-33 levels were increased in SSc patients compared to controls and significantly associated each other. DLco, FVC and TLC scores were inversely associated with IL-33 and IL-13 levels. Both IL-33 and IL-13 levels were significantly associated with the Warrick severity score and higher in the group of SSc patients with reduced pulmonary function compared to SSc patients with normal pulmonary function tests. Conclusion The IL-13/IL-33 axis needs to be further explored in longitudinal studies of SSc-ILD patients to assess its validity as a biomarker and future treatment target, as does downstream mediator ST2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Ioppolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Daniela La Rosa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Tommaso D'Angelo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonella Cinquegrani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Santa Cirmi
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Corrao
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust, Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bagnato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gianluca Bagnato
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25
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Wang J, Hu K, Cai X, Yang B, He Q, Wang J, Weng Q. Targeting PI3K/AKT signaling for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:18-32. [PMID: 35127370 PMCID: PMC8799876 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive fibrotic interstitial pneumonia with unknown causes. The incidence rate increases year by year and the prognosis is poor without cure. Recently, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) signaling pathway can be considered as a master regulator for IPF. The contribution of the PI3K/AKT in fibrotic processes is increasingly prominent, with PI3K/AKT inhibitors currently under clinical evaluation in IPF. Therefore, PI3K/AKT represents a critical signaling node during fibrogenesis with potential implications for the development of novel anti-fibrotic strategies. This review epitomizes the progress that is being made in understanding the complex interpretation of the cause of IPF, and demonstrates that PI3K/AKT can directly participate to the greatest extent in the formation of IPF or cooperate with other pathways to promote the development of fibrosis. We further summarize promising PI3K/AKT inhibitors with IPF treatment benefits, including inhibitors in clinical trials and pre-clinical studies and natural products, and discuss how these inhibitors mitigate fibrotic progression to explore possible potential agents, which will help to develop effective treatment strategies for IPF in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kaili Hu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuanyan Cai
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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26
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Yin YQ, Peng F, Situ HJ, Xie JL, Tan L, Wei J, Jiang FF, Zhang SQ, Liu J. Construction of prediction model of inflammation related genes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and its correlation with immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010345. [PMID: 36601116 PMCID: PMC9806212 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of inflammation in the formation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has gained a lot of attention recently. However, the involvement of genes related to inflammation and immune exchange environment status in the prognosis of IPF remains to be further clarified. The objective of this research is to establish a new model for the prediction of the overall survival (OS) rate of inflammation-related IPF. METHODS Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was employed to obtain the three expression microarrays of IPF, including two from alveolar lavage fluid cells and one from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. To construct the risk assessment model of inflammation-linked genes, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso), univariate cox and multivariate stepwise regression, and random forest method were used. The proportion of immune cell infiltration was evaluated by single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm. RESULTS The value of genes linked with inflammation in the prognosis of IPF was analyzed, and a four-genes risk model was constructed, including tpbg, Myc, ffar2, and CCL2. It was highlighted by Kaplan Meier (K-M) survival analysis that patients with high-risk scores had worse overall survival time in all training and validation sets, and univariate and multivariate analysis highlighted that it has the potential to act as an independent risk indicator for poor prognosis. ROC analysis showed that the prediction efficiency of 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS time in the training set reached 0.784, 0.835, and 0.921, respectively. Immune infiltration analysis showed that Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC), macrophages, regulatory T cells, cd4+ t cells, neutrophils, and dendritic cells were more infiltrated in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group. CONCLUSION Inflammation-related genes can be well used to evaluate the IPF prognosis and impart a new idea for the treatment and follow-up management of IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qiu Yin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Jing Situ
- Department of Radiotherapy, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Ling Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Liming Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang-fang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan-Qiang Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
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Wu YX, Wang YY, Gao ZQ, Chen D, Liu G, Wan BB, Jiang FJ, Wei MX, Zuo J, Zhu J, Chen YQ, Qian F, Pang QF. Ethyl ferulate protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by activating AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:2069-2081. [PMID: 34417573 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethyl ferulate (EF) is abundant in Rhizoma Chuanxiong and grains (e.g., rice and maize) and possesses antioxidative, antiapoptotic, antirheumatic, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is still unknown. In the present study, we found that EF significantly alleviated LPS-induced pathological damage and neutrophil infiltration and inhibited the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in murine lung tissues. Moreover, EF reduced the gene expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and iNOS and decreased the production of NO in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and BMDMs. Mechanistic experiments revealed that EF prominently activated the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway and promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation. AMPK inhibition (Compound C) and Nrf2 inhibition (ML385) abolished the beneficial effect of EF on the inflammatory response. Furthermore, the protective effect of EF on LPS-induced ALI was not observed in Nrf2 knockout mice. Taken together, the results of our study suggest that EF ameliorates LPS-induced ALI in an AMPK/Nrf2-dependent manner. These findings provide a foundation for developing EF as a new anti-inflammatory agent for LPS-induced ALI/ARDS therapy.
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28
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Han YY, Gu X, Yang CY, Ji HM, Lan YJ, Bi YQ, Si R, Qu J, Cheng MH, Gao J. Protective effect of dimethyl itaconate against fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation during pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TXNIP. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7734-7744. [PMID: 34061990 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation (FMD) is a critical cellular phenotype during the occurrence and deterioration of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). FMD can increase with an elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on fibroblasts under oxidative stress. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is an α-arrestin family protein that regulates the level of intracellular ROS. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) can protect against FMD in PF. However, the relationship between Nrf2 and TXNIP in FMD remains elusive. Therefore, we established TGF-β1-induced FMD in vitro and bleomycin (BLM)-induced mouse PF model in vivo to explore whether the activation of Nrf2 can inhibit TXNIP-mediated FMD in PF. Dimethyl itaconate (DMI) was selected to activate Nrf2. Our results showed that TXNIP was elevated and FMD was aggravated in mice lung tissues after BLM administration compared with the saline group. Inversely, Nrf2 decreased TXNIP expression and alleviated FMD in PF. In vitro, TXNIP overexpression enhanced FMD and increased the level of ROS. In contrast, TXNIP deficiency by small interfering RNA (siRNA) attenuated TGF-β1-induced FMD and reduced ROS. An increase in ROS by H2 O2 can upregulate TXNIP expression. Moreover, Nrf2 also inhibited TGF-β1-induced FMD and the increase of ROS, with reducing expression of TXNIP, and the inhibitory effect was better than TXNIP siRNA. These results suggest that activation of Nrf2 by DMI can protect against PF via inhibiting TXNIP expression. Our study may provide new therapeutic targets and treatment approaches for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yue Han
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuan Gu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chong-Yang Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui-Min Ji
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue-Jiao Lan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu-Qian Bi
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Rong Si
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiao Qu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ming-Han Cheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Gao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Tetraethylthiuram disulphide alleviates pulmonary fibrosis through modulating transforming growth factor-β signalling. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105923. [PMID: 34607006 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) induces significant morbidity and mortality, for which there are limited therapeutic options available. Here, we found that tetraethylthiuram disulphide (disulfiram, DSF), a derivative of thiuram, used in the treatment of alcohol abuse, has an inhibitory effect on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis via the attenuation of the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition, migration, and proliferation of fibroblasts. Furthermore, DSF inhibited the activation of primary pulmonary fibroblasts and fibroblast cell line under transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β1) challenge. Mechanistically, the anti-fibrotic effect of DSF on fibroblasts depends on the inhibition of TGF-β signalling. We further determined that DSF interrupts the interaction between SMAD3 and TGF-β receptor Ι (TBR Ι), and identified that DSF directly binds with SMAD3, in which Trp326, Thr330, and Cys332 of SMAD3 are critical binding sites for DSF. Collectively, our results reveal a powerful anti-fibrotic function of DSF in pulmonary fibrosis through the inhibition of TGF-β/SMAD signalling in pulmonary fibroblasts, indicating that DSF is a promising therapeutic candidate for IPF.
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Gao ZW, Li L, Huang YY, Zhao CQ, Xue SJ, Chen J, Yang ZZ, Xu JF, Su X. Vagal-α7nAChR signaling is required for lung anti-inflammatory responses and arginase 1 expression during an influenza infection. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1642-1652. [PMID: 33414508 PMCID: PMC8463540 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00579-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vagal circuit-α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR, coded by Chrna7) signaling can modulate lung proinflammatory responses. Arginase 1 (ARG1) plays a crucial role in the resolution of lung inflammation. However, whether vagal-α7nAChR signaling can regulate lung inflammation and ARG1 expression during an influenza infection is elusive. Here, we found that lung and spleen IL-4+ cells and lung ARG1 expression were reduced; however, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) protein and leukocytes and lung inflammatory cytokines were increased in PR8 (A/Puerto Rico/8/1934, H1N1)-infected vagotomized mice when compared to the control. In PR8-infected α7nAChR-deficient mice, lung Arg1, Il10, and Socs3 expression and BAL Ly6C+CD206+ cells were reduced. PR8-infected Chrna7+/+ recipient mice reconstituted with Chrna7-/- bone marrow had a lower survival as compared to PR8-infected Chrna7+/+ recipient mice reconstituted with Chrna7+/+ bone marrow. Mechanistically, the activation of α7nAChR by its agonist GTS-21 could enhance IL-4-induced Arg1 expression, reduced Nos2, and TNF-α expression in PR8-infected bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). Stimulation with IL-4 increased phosphorylation of STAT6 and activation of α7nAChR increased STAT6 binding with the ARG1 promoter and relieved IL-4-induced H3K27me3 methylation by increasing JMJD3 expression in PR8-infected BMDM. Inhibition of JMJD3 increased H3K27me3 methylation and abolished α7nAChR activation and IL-4 induced ARG1 expression. Activation of α7nAChR also reduced phosphorylation of AKT1 and contained FOXO1 in the nucleus. Knockdown of Foxo1a reduced α7nAChR activation and IL-4 induced Arg1 expression in PR8-infected BMDM. Therefore, vagal-α7nAChR signaling is a novel therapeutic target for treating lung inflammatory responses during an influenza infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Wei Gao
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ling Li
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Huang
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Cai-Qi Zhao
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shuang-Jia Xue
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhong-Zhou Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Jin-Fu Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Xiao Su
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Li Y, Wang M, Qian F. β-Caryophyllene attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via inhibition of the MAPK signalling pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1319-1329. [PMID: 34313776 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute lung injury (ALI) is a pulmonary manifestation of an acute systemic inflammatory response, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Accordingly, from the perspective of treating ALI, it is important to identify effective agents and elucidate the underlying modulatory mechanisms. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a naturally occurring bicyclic sesquiterpene that has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effects of BCP on ALI have yet to be ascertained. METHODS ALI was induced intratracheally, injected with 5 mg/kg LPS and treated with BCP. The bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were obtained and cultured then challenged with 100 ng/ml LPS for 4 h, with or without BCP pre-treatment for 30 min. KEY FINDINGS BCP significantly ameliorates LPS-induced mouse ALI, which is related to an alleviation of neutrophil infiltration and reduction in cytokine production. In vitro, BCP was found to reduce the expression of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α, and suppresses the MAPK signalling pathway in BMDMs, which is associated with the inhibition of TAK1 phosphorylation and an enhancement of MKP-1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that BCP protects against inflammatory responses and is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of LPS-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Muqun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Li Y, Yan H, Yu Y, Zou C, Tian L, Xin X, Zhang S, Li Z, Ma F, Ge RS. Bisphenol B stimulates Leydig cell proliferation but inhibits maturation in late pubertal rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112248. [PMID: 33940105 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol B (BPB) has been used as a substitute for bisphenol A (BPA) in plastic materials. Whether BPB disrupts the male reproductive system remains unknown. Here, we report the effect of BPB on Leydig cell maturation in late puberty. Male Sprague-Dawley (35 days old) rats were gavaged with BPB at 0, 10, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day for 21 days. BPB significantly reduced body and epididymis weight at 200 mg/kg. BPB markedly decreased serum testosterone levels at 100 and 200 mg/kg and serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels at 200 mg/kg. BPB significantly increased Leydig cell number at 100 and 200 mg/kg, while down-regulating the expression of Leydig cell genes (Cyp11a1 and Hsd3b1) at ≥100 mg/kg and up-regulating the expression of Sertoli cell genes (Pdgfra, Fshr, Sox9) and cell cycle regulators (Pcna, Ccnb1, Cdk2, and Cdk4) at 10-200 mg/kg. BPB markedly increased the phosphorylation of AKT1, AKT2, and ERK1/2 at 200 mg/kg. BPB increased the proliferation of rat immature Leydig cells via promoting the S/M2 phase shift at 100 and 1000 nM after 24-h culture in vitro. In conclusion, BPB disrupts Leydig cell maturation in late puberty by increasing Leydig cell number while inhibiting its maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Haoni Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yige Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Cheng Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Lili Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Xiu Xin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Zengqiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Feifei Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
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Tao N, Li K, Liu J, Fan G, Sun T. Liproxstatin-1 alleviates bleomycin-induced alveolar epithelial cells injury and mice pulmonary fibrosis via attenuating inflammation, reshaping redox equilibrium, and suppressing ROS/p53/α-SMA pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 551:133-139. [PMID: 33735625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
With undetermined etiology and limited treatment option, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) an age related disease is extremely lethal. Persistent injury of epithelial cells, abnormal activation of fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, and superabundant deposition of extracellular matrix protein pathologically characterize IPF. Redox imbalance is reported to play a vital role in both IPF development and senescence. This study aim to investigate whether and how Liproxstatin-1 (Lip-1), a strong lipid autoxidation inhibitor, regulates bleomycin (BLM) induced pulmonary fibrosis both in vivo and in vitro. It's demonstrated that Lip-1 exerted a potent anti-fibrotic function in BLM-induced mice pulmonary fibrosis via alleviating inflammatory, reshaping redox equilibrium, and ameliorating collagen deposition. Lip-1 reduced the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), promoted the expression of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) after BLM treatment. Moreover, in vitro experiments verified that Lip-1 protected A549 cells from BLM-induced injury and fibrosis. Lip-1 seemed to attenuate BLM-induced fibrosis by targeting ROS/p53/α-SMA signaling both in vivo and in vitro. In summary, this study demonstrates that Lip-1 administration performs a protective role in against pulmonary fibrosis and lights up the potential of Lip-1 treatment for patient with IPF in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Tao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China; The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China; The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China; The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China; The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Tieying Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China; The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China.
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Koike A, Tsujinaka K, Fujimori K. Statins attenuate antiviral IFN-β and ISG expression via inhibition of IRF3 and JAK/STAT signaling in poly(I:C)-treated hyperlipidemic mice and macrophages. FEBS J 2021; 288:4249-4266. [PMID: 33452755 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Viral infection is a significant burden to health care worldwide. Statins, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, are widely used as cholesterol-lowering drugs. Recently, long-term statin therapy was shown to reduce the antiviral immune response; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here, we found that simvastatin decreased polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]-induced expression of antiviral interferon (IFN)-β and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs of mice with high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Macrophages were the dominant cell type in the BALF of poly(I:C)-treated mice. We examined the effects of simvastatin in primary lung macrophages and found that simvastatin suppressed poly(I:C)-induced expression of IFN-β and ISGs. We examined the molecular mechanisms of statin-mediated inhibition of antiviral gene expression using murine macrophage-like cell line, J774.1/JA-4. Simvastatin and pitavastatin decreased poly(I:C)-induced expression of IFN-β and ISGs. Moreover, they repressed poly(I:C)-induced phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor (IRF) 3 and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 1, which is involved in Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT signaling. Mevalonate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), but not cholesterol, counteracted the negative effect of statins on IFN-β and ISG expression and phosphorylation of IRF3 and STAT1. The geranylgeranyltransferase inhibitor suppressed poly(I:C)-induced expression of IFN-β and ISGs and phosphorylation of IRF3 and STAT1. These results suggest that statins suppressed the expression of IFN-β and ISGs in poly(I:C)-treated hyperlipidemic mice and murine macrophages and that these effects occurred through the inhibition of IRF3 and JAK/STAT signaling in macrophages. Furthermore, GGPP recovered the statin-suppressed IRF3 and JAK/STAT signaling in poly(I:C)-treated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Koike
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Kaito Tsujinaka
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Ko Fujimori
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takatsuki, Japan
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p53: A Key Protein That Regulates Pulmonary Fibrosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6635794. [PMID: 33312337 PMCID: PMC7721501 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6635794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressively aggravating lethal disease that is a serious public health concern. Although the incidence of this disease is increasing, there is a lack of effective therapies. In recent years, the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis has become a research hotspot. p53 is a tumor suppressor gene with crucial roles in cell cycle, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, and malignant transformation. Previous studies on p53 have predominantly focused on its role in neoplastic disease. Following in-depth investigation, several studies have linked it to pulmonary fibrosis. This review covers the association between p53 and pulmonary fibrosis, with the aim of providing novel ideas to improve the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Qu Y, Hao C, Zhai R, Yao W. Folate and macrophage folate receptor-β in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis disease: the potential therapeutic target? Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110711. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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MiR-200a inversely correlates with Hedgehog and TGF-β canonical/non-canonical trajectories to orchestrate the anti-fibrotic effect of Tadalafil in a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 29:167-182. [PMID: 32914382 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00748-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Few reports have documented the ability of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE-5-Is) to ameliorate idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) mainly by their anti-inflammatory/antioxidant capacities, without unveiling the possible molecular mechanisms involved. Because of the recent role of miR-200 family and Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) trajectory in IPF, we have studied their impact on the anti-fibrotic potential of tadalafil against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Animals were allocated into normal-control, bleomycin-fibrotic control, and bleomycin post-treated with tadalafil or dexamethasone, as the reference drug. On the molecular level, tadalafil has reverted the bleomycin effect on all the assessed parameters. Tadalafil upregulated the gene expression of miR-200a, but decreased the smoothened (SMO) and the transcription factors glioma-associated oncogene homolog (Gli-1, Gli-2), members of SHH pathway. Additionally, tadalafil ebbed transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, its canonical (SMAD-3/alpha smooth muscle actin [α-SMA] and Snail), and non-canonical (p-Akt/p-Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) a) pathways. Besides, a strong negative correlation between miR-200a and the analyzed pathways was proved. The effect of tadalafil was further confirmed by the improved lung structure and the reduced Ashcroft score/collagen deposition. The results were comparable to that of dexamethasone. In conclusion, our study has highlighted the involvement of miR-200a in the anti-fibrotic effect of tadalafil with the inhibition of SHH hub and the pro-fibrotic pathways (TGF-β/ SMAD-3/α-SMA, Snail and p-AKT/p-FOXO3a). Potential anti-fibrotic effect of tadalafil. Modulation of miR200a/SHH/canonical and non-canonical TGF-β trajectories. → : stimulatory effect; ┴: inhibitory effect.
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Sun B, Wu L, Wu Y, Zhang C, Qin L, Hayashi M, Kudo M, Gao M, Liu T. Therapeutic Potential of Centella asiatica and Its Triterpenes: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:568032. [PMID: 33013406 PMCID: PMC7498642 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.568032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Centella asiatica (also known as Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. or Gotu kola) is a traditional Chinese medicine with extensive medicinal value, which is commonly used in Southeast Asian countries. This study aimed to summarize the effects of C. asiatica and its main components on neurological diseases, endocrine diseases, skin diseases, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, immune diseases, and gynecological diseases, as well as potential molecular mechanisms, to study the pathological mechanism of these diseases based on the changes at the molecular level. The results showed that C. asiatica and its triterpenoids had extensive beneficial effects on neurological and skin diseases, which were confirmed through clinical studies. They exhibited anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptotic effects, and improvement in mitochondrial function. However, further clinical studies are urgently required due to the low level of evidence and lack of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boju Sun
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - You Wu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Qin
- Technology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Misa Hayashi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Maya Kudo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ming Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Wang Y, Kuai Q, Gao F, Wang Y, He M, Zhou H, Han G, Jiang X, Ren S, Yu Q. Overexpression of TIM-3 in Macrophages Aggravates Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 61:727-736. [PMID: 31162951 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0070oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive lung disorder and lacks effective treatments because of unclear mechanisms. Aberrant function of alveolar macrophages is directly linked to pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we show TIM-3 (T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3), a key regulator of macrophage function, aggravates pulmonary fibrosis. TIM-3 mRNA of patients with IPF was analyzed based on the Gene Expression Omnibus and Array Express databases. Lung pathology and profibrotic molecules were assessed in a bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis model using wild-type (WT) and TIM-3 transgenic (TIM-3-TG) mice. Macrophage cells, RAW264.7, were then applied to investigate the effect of macrophage TIM-3 under BLM exposure in vitro. Macrophage depletion and adoptive-transfer experiments were finally performed to examine lung morphology and profibrotic molecules. TIM-3 expression was increased both in patients with IPF and in our BLM-induced mouse model. TIM-3-TG mice developed more serious pathological changes in lung tissue and higher expressions of TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1) and IL-10 than WT mice. After BLM treatment, TGF-β1 and IL-10 expression was significantly decreased in RAW264.7 cells after TIM-3 knock-out, whereas it was increased in TIM-3-TG peritoneal macrophages. The scores of pulmonary fibrosis in WT and TIM-3-TG mice were significantly reduced, and there was no difference between them after macrophage depletion. Furthermore, WT mice receiving adoptive macrophages from TIM-3-TG mice also had more serious lung fibrosis and increased expression of TGF-β1 and IL-10 than those receiving macrophages from WT mice. Our findings revealed that overexpressed TIM-3 in alveolar macrophages aggravated pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyuan Kuai
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fenghua Gao
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min He
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gencheng Han
- Institute of Beijing Brain Sciences, Beijing, China; and
| | - Xingwei Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Suping Ren
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Yu
- Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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Wang J, Sun L, Nie Y, Duan S, Zhang T, Wang W, Ye RD, Hou S, Qian F. Protein Kinase C δ (PKCδ) Attenuates Bleomycin Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis via Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Physiol 2020; 11:367. [PMID: 32390869 PMCID: PMC7188947 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive and lethal interstitial lung disease characterized by consistent pulmonary inflammation. Although protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) is involved in broad scope cellular response, the role of PKCδ in IPF is complicated and has not been fully defined yet. Here, we reported that PKCδ deficiency (PKCδ-/-) aggravated bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation. Upon challenge with BLM, the pulmonary capillary permeability, immune cell infiltration, inflammatory cytokine production, and collagen deposition were enhanced in PKCδ-/- mice compared to that in PKCδ+/+ mice. In response to poly(I:C) stimulation, PKCδ deficient macrophages displayed an increased production of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-33, which were associated with an enhanced NF-κB activation. Furthermore, we found that PKCδ could directly bind to and phosphorylate A20, an inhibitory protein of NF-κB signal. These results suggested that PKCδ may inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway via enhancing the stability and activity of A20, which in turn attenuates pulmonary fibrosis, suggesting that PKCδ is a promising target for treating pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunjuan Nie
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shixin Duan
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Richard D Ye
- School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shangwei Hou
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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Wu C, Muhataer X, Wang W, Deng M, Jin R, Lian Z, Luo D, Li Y, Yang X. Abnormal DNA methylation patterns in patients with infection‑caused leukocytopenia based on methylation microarrays. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2335-2348. [PMID: 32323775 PMCID: PMC7185277 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association between gene methylation and leukocytopenia from the perspective of gene regulation. A total of 30 patients confirmed as having post-infection leukocytopenia at People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region between January 2016 and June 2017 were successively recruited as the leukocytopenia group; 30 patients with post-infection leukocytosis were enrolled as the leukocytosis group. In addition, 30 healthy volunteers who received a health examination at the hospital during the same period were included as the normal control group. In each group, four individuals were randomly selected for whole genome methylation screening. After selection of key methylation sites, the remaining samples in each group were used for verification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The levels of serum complement factors C3 and C5 in the leukocytopenia group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups (P<0.05). According to whole-genome DNA methylation detection, 66 and 27 methylation loci may be associated with leukocytopenia and leukocytosis, respectively. Most of these abnormal loci are located on chromosomes 2, 6, 7, 1, 17 and 11. The rates of WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 gene methylation at cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG)_1, CpG_5/6 and CpG_7 in the leukocytopenia group were higher than in the other two groups (P<0.05); the rate of AKT2 CpG_1 methylation was higher in the leukocytopenia group than in the other two groups (P<0.05); the rate of calcium-binding atopy-related autoantigen 1 gene CpG_2 methylation was higher in the leukocytosis group than in the normal control group (P<0.05); and the rate of NADPH oxidase 5 gene CpG_3 methylation was higher in the leukocytosis group than in the normal control group (P<0.05). Chemotactic factor secretion and cell migration abnormalities, ubiquitination modification disorders and reduced oxidative burst may participate in infection-complicated leukocytopenia. The results of this study shed new light on the molecular biological mechanisms of infection-complicated leukocytopenia and provide novel avenues for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Xirennayi Muhataer
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Mingqin Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Rong Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Zhichuang Lian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Yafang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830001, P.R. China
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Kania G, Rudnik M, Distler O. Involvement of the myeloid cell compartment in fibrogenesis and systemic sclerosis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 15:288-302. [PMID: 30953037 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-019-0212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune fibrotic disease of unknown aetiology that is characterized by vascular changes in the skin and visceral organs. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation can improve skin and organ fibrosis in patients with progressive disease and a high risk of organ failure, indicating that cells originating in the bone marrow are important contributors to the pathogenesis of SSc. Animal studies also indicate a pivotal function of myeloid cells in the development of fibrosis leading to changes in the tissue architecture and dysfunction in multiple organs such as the heart, lungs, liver and kidney. In this Review, we summarize current knowledge about the function of myeloid cells in fibrogenesis that occurs in patients with SSc. Targeted therapies currently in clinical studies for SSc might affect myeloid cell-related pathways. Therefore, myeloid cells might be used as cellular biomarkers of disease through the application of high-dimensional techniques such as mass cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Kania
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michal Rudnik
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Zhou L, Li P, Zhang M, Han B, Chu C, Su X, Li B, Kang H, Ning J, Zhang B, Ma S, Su D, Pang Y, Niu Y, Zhang R. Carbon black nanoparticles induce pulmonary fibrosis through NLRP3 inflammasome pathway modulated by miR-96 targeted FOXO3a. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125075. [PMID: 31683435 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon black nanoparticle (CBNP) is a core constituent of air pollutants like fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as well as a common manufactural material. It was proved to pose adverse effects on lung function and even provoke pulmonary fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanisms of CBNPs-induced pulmonary fibrosis remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of fibrotic effects caused by CBNPs in rat lung and human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells. Forty-nine male rats were randomly subjected to 7 groups, means the 14-day exposure group (30 mg/m3), the 28-day exposure groups (5 mg/m3 and 30 mg/m3), the 90-day exposure group (30 mg/m3) and their respective controls. Rats were nose-only-inhaled CBNPs. 16HBE cells were treated with 0, 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL CBNPs respectively for 24 h. Besides, Forkhead transcription factor class O (FOXO)3a and miR-96 overexpression or suppression 16HBE cells were established to reveal relative mechanisms. Our results suggested CBNPs induced pulmonary fibrosis in time- and dose-dependent manners. CBNPs induced persisting inflammation in rat lung as observed by histopathology and cytology analyses in whole lung lavage fluid (WLL). Both in vivo and in vitro, CBNPs exposure significantly increased the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome, accompanied by the increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased miR-96 and increased FOXO3a expressions dose -and time-dependently. MiR-96 overexpression or FOXO3a suppression could partially rescue the fibrotic effects through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome. Conclusively, our research show that CBNPs-induced pulmonary fibrosis was at least partially depended on activation of NLRP3 inflammasome which modulated by miR-96 targeting FOXO3a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Peiyuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Mengyue Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Chen Chu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Xuan Su
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Binghua Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Hui Kang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Jie Ning
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Boyuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Shitao Ma
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Dong Su
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Yaxian Pang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China.
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Akt1 and Akt2 Isoforms Play Distinct Roles in Regulating the Development of Inflammation and Fibrosis Associated with Alcoholic Liver Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111337. [PMID: 31671832 PMCID: PMC6912497 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Akt kinase isoforms (Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3) have generally been thought to play overlapping roles in phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-mediated-signaling. However, recent studies have suggested that they display isoform-specific roles in muscle and fat. To determine whether such isoform-specificity is observed with respect to alcoholic liver disease (ALD) progression, we examined the role of Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3 in hepatic inflammation, and pro-fibrogenic proliferation and migration using Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells (HSC), and hepatocytes in an ethanol and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced two-hit model in vitro and in vivo. We determined that siRNA-directed silencing of Akt2, but not Akt1, significantly suppressed cell inflammatory markers in HSC and Kupffer cells. Although both Akt1 and Akt2 inhibited cell proliferation in HSC, only Akt2 inhibited cell migration. Both Akt1 and Akt2, but not Akt3, inhibited fibrogenesis in hepatocytes and HSC. In addition, our in vivo results show that administration of chronic ethanol, binge ethanol and LPS (EBL) in wild-type C57BL/6 mice activated all three Akt isoforms with concomitant increases in activated forms of phosphoinositide dependent kinase-1 (PDK1), mammalian target-of-rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2), and PI3K, resulting in upregulation in expression of inflammatory, proliferative, and fibrogenic genes. Moreover, pharmacological blocking of Akt2, but not Akt1, inhibited EBL-induced inflammation while blocking of both Akt1 and Akt2 inhibited pro-fibrogenic marker expression and progression of fibrosis. Our findings indicate that Akt isoforms play unique roles in inflammation, cell proliferation, migration, and fibrogenesis during EBL-induced liver injury. Thus, close attention must be paid when targeting all Akt isoforms as a therapeutic intervention.
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45
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Wu X, Fan Z, Chen M, Chen Y, Rong D, Cui Z, Yuan Y, Zhuo L, Xu Y. Forkhead transcription factor FOXO3a mediates interferon-γ-induced MHC II transcription in macrophages. Immunology 2019; 158:304-313. [PMID: 31509237 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are professional antigen-presenting cells relying on the expression of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC II) genes. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) activates MHC II transcription via the assembly of an enhanceosome centred on class II trans-activator (CIITA). In the present study, we investigated the role of the forkhead transcription factor FOXO3a in IFN- γ-induced MHC II transcription in macrophages. Knockdown of FOXO3a, but not FOXO1 or FOXO4, diminished IFN-γ-induced MHC II expression in RAW cells. On the contrary, over-expression of FOXO3a, but neither FOXO1 nor FOXO4, enhanced CIITA-mediated trans-activation of the MHC II promoter. IFN-γ treatment promoted the recruitment of FOXO3a to the MHC II promoter. Co-immunoprecipitation and RE-ChIP assays showed that FOXO3a was a component of the MHC II enhanceosome forming interactions with CIITA, RFX5, RFXB and RFXAP. FOXO3a contributed to MHC II transcription by altering histone modifications surrounding the MHC II promoter. Of interest, FOXO3a was recruited to the type IV CIITA promoter and directly activated CIITA transcription by interacting with signal transducer of activation and transcription 1 in response to IFN-γ stimulation. In conclusion, our data unveil a novel role for FOXO3a in the regulation of MHC II transcription in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wu
- The Laboratory Centre for Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- The Laboratory Centre for Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Chen
- The Laboratory Centre for Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Danyan Rong
- The Laboratory Centre for Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwei Cui
- The Laboratory Centre for Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yibiao Yuan
- The Laboratory Centre for Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Zhuo
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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46
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PTEN loss regulates alveolar epithelial cell senescence in pulmonary fibrosis depending on Akt activation. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7492-7509. [PMID: 31527305 PMCID: PMC6781970 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an aging-associated disease with poor prognosis. The mechanisms underlying the role of alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) senescence in IPF remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate if PTEN/Akt activates AEC senescence to induce pulmonary fibrosis. We investigated the association between PTEN/Akt and cellular senescence in lung tissues from IPF patients. As a result, decreased PTEN and activated Akt pathway were found in AECs in fibrotic lung tissues detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF). Increased expression levels of aging-associated markers (P21WAF1 and SA-β-gal) in AECs treated with bleomycin were found. AEC senescence was accelerated by PTEN knockdown and attenuated by PTEN overexpression. Bleomycin induced AEC senescence was reversed by Akt2 knockdown and the pharmacological inhibitors (LY294002 and MK2206) of the Akt pathway. Reducing Akt activation dramatically improved lung fibrosis in a fibrotic mice model. In addition, a co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assay demonstrated that PTEN physically associated with Akt. These indicated that senescent AECs modulated by the PTEN/Akt pathway promote lung fibrosis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that as a trigger indicator in IPF, the senescence process in AECs should be a potential therapeutic target and that the PTEN/Akt pathway may be a promising candidate for intervention.
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47
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Nie Y, Hu Y, Yu K, Zhang D, Shi Y, Li Y, Sun L, Qian F. Akt1 regulates pulmonary fibrosis via modulating IL-13 expression in macrophages. Innate Immun 2019; 25:451-461. [PMID: 31299858 PMCID: PMC6900639 DOI: 10.1177/1753425919861774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive interstitial pneumonia characterised by fibroblast accumulation, collagen deposition and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. It was reported that Akt1 mediated idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis progression through regulating the apoptosis of alveolar macrophage, while its effect on macrophage-produced cytokines remains largely unknown. In the present study, we first examined the phosphorylation of Akt1 in lung sections from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients by immunohistochemistry before applying a bleomycin-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis model using Akt1−/− mice and Akt1+/+ littermates. The results showed that Akt1 was remarkably up-regulated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients, while in vivo studies revealed that Akt1-deficient mice had well-preserved alveolar structure and fewer collagens, secreted fewer matrix components, including alpha smooth-muscle actin and fibronectin and survived significantly longer than Akt1+/+ littermates. Additionally, the pro-fibrogenic cytokine IL-13 was down-regulated at least twofold in Akt1−/−mice compared to the Akt1+/+group on d 3 and 7 after bleomycin treatment. Furthermore, it was found that Akt1–/– macrophages displayed down-regulation of IL-13 compared to Akt1+/+ macrophages in which Akt1 was phosphorylated in response to IL-33 stimulation. These findings indicate that Akt1 modulates pulmonary fibrosis through inducing IL-13 production by macrophages, suggesting that targeting Akt1 may simultaneously block the fibrogenic processes of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Nie
- 1 Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, PR China
| | - Yudong Hu
- 2 Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Ab, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
| | - Kaikai Yu
- 2 Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Ab, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
| | - Dan Zhang
- 3 Research Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, PR China
| | - Yinze Shi
- 1 Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, PR China
| | - Yaolin Li
- 1 Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, PR China
| | - Lei Sun
- 2 Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Ab, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
| | - Feng Qian
- 2 Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Ab, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China.,3 Research Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, PR China
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48
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Nie Y, Zhang D, Qian F, Wu Y. Baccatin III ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via suppression of TGF-β1 production and TGF-β1-induced fibroblast differentiation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105696. [PMID: 31229901 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and generally lethal lung disease with a high mortality rate. Current therapeutic drugs exhibit limited efficacy but severe adverse effects. Paclitaxel has been identified to exert both anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis activity. Baccatin III (BAC), an important precursor of paclitaxel, has been identified as exhibiting immunomodulatory activity with decisively lower toxicity. However, its effects on pulmonary fibrosis remain unknown. In this study, the role of BAC in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation in mice was investigated in addition to elucidation of its mechanism of action. Our results demonstrated that administration of BAC in a dose-dependent manner reduced inflammatory infiltration, secretion of the pro-fibrotic mediator TGF-β1 and deposition of collagen and other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), including alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin. Administration of BAC to treat isolated macrophages stimulated with IL-13, known to activate macrophages, the principal source of TGF-β1, resulted in markedly reduced TGF-β1 expression from macrophages. The AKT/STAT6 signaling pathway was shown to be involved in this process. In addition, we have provided in vitro evidence that BAC inhibits TGF-β1-induced fibroblast differentiation via the Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, intratracheal injection of rTGF-β1 significantly exacerbated the degree of fibrosis which was down-regulated by treatment with BAC. Taken together, our data suggest that BAC exerts a protective effect against lung fibrosis and may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Nie
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Yaxian Wu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China.
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49
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Li B, Huang X, Xu X, Ning W, Dai H, Wang C. The profibrotic effect of downregulated Na,K‑ATPase β1 subunit in alveolar epithelial cells during lung fibrosis. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:273-280. [PMID: 31115510 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by progressive lung scarring and excessive extracellular matrix depositon. When stimulated, alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) are aberrantly activated, the expression of profibrotic molecules is enhanced, and lung fibrosis is promoted, but the mechanism for this is unclear. It has been reported that a downregulation of the Na,K‑ATPase β1 subunit in renal epithelial cells is involved in renal fibrosis development, but the role of this protein in lung fibrosis remains unknown. In the present study, the expression of the Na,K‑ATPase β1 subunit was revealed to be markedly decreased in AECs of patients with IPF and a bleomycin‑induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model. Treatment with transforming growth factor β‑1 led to significantly downregulation of the Na,K‑ATPase β1 subunit in lung adenocarcioma A549 cells. Furthermore, the knockdown of the Na,K‑ATPase β1 subunit in A549 cells resulted in the upregulation of profibrotic molecules, activation of the neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathways and induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress. These findings reveal that the downregulation of the Na,K‑ATPase β1 subunit enhances the expression of profibrotic molecules in AECs and may contribute to IPF pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China‑Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Beijing Chao‑Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing An‑Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Wen Ning
- Department of Genetics and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China‑Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China‑Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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50
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Nie Y, Wang Z, Chai G, Xiong Y, Li B, Zhang H, Xin R, Qian X, Tang Z, Wu J, Zhao P. Dehydrocostus Lactone Suppresses LPS-induced Acute Lung Injury and Macrophage Activation through NF-κB Signaling Pathway Mediated by p38 MAPK and Akt. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081510. [PMID: 30999647 PMCID: PMC6514677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe clinical disease marked by dysregulated inflammation response and has a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Macrophages, which play diverse roles in the inflammatory response, are becoming therapeutic targets in ALI. In this study we investigated the effects of dehydrocostus lactone (DHL), a natural sesquiterpene, on macrophage activation and LPS-induced ALI. The macrophage cell line RAW264.7 and primary lung macrophages were incubated with DHL (0, 3, 5, 10 and 30 μmol/L) for 0.5 h and then challenged with LPS (100 ng/mL) for up to 8 hours. C57BL/6 mice were intratracheally injected with LPS (5 mg/kg) to induce acute lung injury (ALI) and then treated with a range of DHL doses intraperitoneally (5 to 20 mg/kg). The results showed that DHL inhibited LPS-induced production of proinflammatory mediators such as iNOS, NO, and cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-12 p35 by suppressing the activity of NF-κB via p38 MAPK/MK2 and Akt signaling pathway in macrophages. The in vivo results revealed that DHL significantly attenuated LPS-induced pathological injury and reduced cytokines expression in the lung. NF-κB, p38 MAPK/MK2 and Akt signaling molecules were also involved in the anti-inflammatory effect. Collectively, our findings suggested that DHL is a promising agent for alleviating LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Nie
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhongxuan Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Gaoshang Chai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yue Xiong
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Boyu Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ruiting Xin
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaohang Qian
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zihan Tang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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