1
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Choy JC. The complex web of FasL: cell type-specific roles in affecting and controlling acute graft-vs-host disease. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:202-204. [PMID: 37431614 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
FasL has divergent roles in both causing graft-vs-host disease and preventing this condition, which depends on the immune cell type that expresses it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C Choy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
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2
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Matsunaga T, Roesel MJ, Schroeter A, Xiao Y, Zhou H, Tullius SG. Preserving and rejuvenating old organs for transplantation: novel treatments including the potential of senolytics. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2022; 27:481-487. [PMID: 35950886 PMCID: PMC9490781 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000001019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Older donors have the potential to close the gap between demand and supply in solid organs transplantation. Utilizing older organs, at the same time, has been associated with worse short- and long-term outcomes. Here, we introduce potential mechanisms on how treatments during machine perfusion (MP) may safely improve the utilization of older organs. RECENT FINDINGS Consequences of ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), a process of acute, sterile inflammation leading to organ injury are more prominent in older organs. Of relevance, organ age and IRI seem to act synergistically, leading to an increase of damage associated molecular patterns that trigger innate and adaptive immune responses. While cold storage has traditionally been considered the standard of care in organ preservation, accumulating data support that both hypothermic and normothermic MP improve organ quality, particularly in older organs. Furthermore, MP provides the opportunity to assess the quality of organs while adding therapeutic agents. Experimental data have already demonstrated the potential of applying treatments during MP. New experimental show that the depletion of senescent cells that accumulate in old organs improves organ quality and transplant outcomes. SUMMARY As the importance of expanding the donor pool is increasing, MP and novel treatments bear the potential to assess and regenerate older organs, narrowing the gap between demand and supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Matsunaga
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maximilian J Roesel
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Schroeter
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Regenerative Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Yao Xiao
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stefan G Tullius
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Li J, Thomson AW, Rogers NM. Myeloid and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapies for Solid Organ Transplant Tolerance. Transplantation 2021; 105:e303-e321. [PMID: 33756544 PMCID: PMC8455706 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation is now performed globally as a routine procedure. However, the increased demand for donor organs and consequent expansion of donor criteria has created an imperative to maximize the quality of these gains. The goal is to balance preservation of allograft function against patient quality-of-life, despite exposure to long-term immunosuppression. Elimination of immunosuppressive therapy to avoid drug toxicity, with concurrent acceptance of the allograft-so-called operational tolerance-has proven elusive. The lack of recent advances in immunomodulatory drug development, together with advances in immunotherapy in oncology, has prompted interest in cell-based therapies to control the alloimmune response. Extensive experimental work in animals has characterized regulatory immune cell populations that can induce and maintain tolerance, demonstrating that their adoptive transfer can promote donor-specific tolerance. An extension of this large body of work has resulted in protocols for manufacture, as well as early-phase safety and feasibility trials for many regulatory cell types. Despite the excitement generated by early clinical trials in autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation, there is as yet no clinically validated, approved regulatory cell therapy for transplantation. In this review, we summarize recent advances in this field, with a focus on myeloid and mesenchymal cell therapies, including current understanding of the mechanisms of action of regulatory immune cells, and clinical trials in organ transplantation using these cells as therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Li
- Center of Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Angus W Thomson
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Natasha M Rogers
- Center of Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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4
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Payandeh Z, Pirpour Tazehkand A, Azargoonjahromi A, Almasi F, Alagheband Bahrami A. The Role of Cell Organelles in Rheumatoid Arthritis with Focus on Exosomes. Biol Proced Online 2021; 23:20. [PMID: 34736402 PMCID: PMC8567674 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-021-00158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Auto-immune diseases involved at least 25% of the population in wealthy countries. Several factors including genetic, epigenetic, and environmental elements are implicated in development of Rheumatoid Arthritis as an autoimmune disease. Autoantibodies cause synovial inflammation and arthritis, if left untreated or being under continual external stimulation, could result in chronic inflammation, joint injury, and disability. T- and B-cells, signaling molecules, proinflammatory mediators, and synovium-specific targets are among the new therapeutic targets. Exosomes could be employed as therapeutic vectors in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Herein, the role of cell organelle particularly exosomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis had discussed and some therapeutic applications of exosome highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Payandeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Pirpour Tazehkand
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Faezeh Almasi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armina Alagheband Bahrami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Carstens MR, Wasserfall CH, Acharya AP, Lewis J, Agrawal N, Koenders K, Bracho-Sanchez E, Keselowsky BG. GRAS-microparticle microarrays identify dendritic cell tolerogenic marker-inducing formulations. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3598-3613. [PMID: 34346460 PMCID: PMC8725777 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00096a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microarrays, miniaturized platforms used for high-content studies, provide potential advantages over traditional in vitro investigation in terms of time, cost, and parallel analyses. Recently, microarrays have been leveraged to investigate immune cell biology by providing a platform with which to systematically investigate the effects of various agents on a wide variety of cellular processes, including those giving rise to immune regulation for application toward curtailing autoimmunity. A specific embodiment incorporates dendritic cells cultured on microarrays containing biodegradable microparticles. Such an approach allows immune cell and microparticle co-localization and release of compounds on small, isolated populations of cells, enabling a quick, convenient method to quantify a variety of cellular responses in parallel. In this study, the microparticle microarray platform was utilized to investigate a small library of sixteen generally regarded as safe (GRAS) compounds (ascorbic acid, aspirin, capsaicin, celastrol, curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ergosterol, hemin, hydrocortisone, indomethacin, menadione, naproxen, resveratrol, retinoic acid, α-tocopherol, vitamin D3) for their ability to induce suppressive phenotypes in murine dendritic cells. Two complementary tolerogenic index ranking systems were proposed to summarize dendritic cell responses and suggested several lead compounds (celastrol, ergosterol, vitamin D3) and two secondary compounds (hemin, capsaicin), which warrant further investigation for applications toward suppression and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Carstens
- J. Crayton Pruitt Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building J291, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Clive H Wasserfall
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Abhinav P Acharya
- Chemical Engineering, School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Jamal Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nikunj Agrawal
- J. Crayton Pruitt Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building J291, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Kevin Koenders
- J. Crayton Pruitt Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building J291, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Evelyn Bracho-Sanchez
- J. Crayton Pruitt Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building J291, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Benjamin G Keselowsky
- J. Crayton Pruitt Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building J291, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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6
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Pelissier Vatter FA, Cioffi M, Hanna SJ, Castarede I, Caielli S, Pascual V, Matei I, Lyden D. Extracellular vesicle- and particle-mediated communication shapes innate and adaptive immune responses. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212439. [PMID: 34180950 PMCID: PMC8241538 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20202579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intercellular communication among immune cells is vital for the coordination of proper immune responses. Extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) act as messengers in intercellular communication, with important consequences for target cell and organ physiology in both health and disease. Under normal physiological conditions, immune cell-derived EVPs participate in immune responses by regulating innate and adaptive immune responses. EVPs play a major role in antigen presentation and immune activation. On the other hand, immune cell-derived EVPs exert immunosuppressive and regulatory effects. Consequently, EVPs may contribute to pathological conditions, such as autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, graft rejection, and cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we provide an overview of the role of EVPs in immune homeostasis and pathophysiology, with a particular focus on their contribution to innate and adaptive immunity and their potential use for immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny A Pelissier Vatter
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Michele Cioffi
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Samer J Hanna
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Ines Castarede
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simone Caielli
- Drukier Institute for Children's Health and Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Virginia Pascual
- Drukier Institute for Children's Health and Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Irina Matei
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - David Lyden
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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7
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Iske J, Elkhal A, Tullius SG. The Fetal-Maternal Immune Interface in Uterus Transplantation. Trends Immunol 2021; 41:213-224. [PMID: 32109373 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Uterus transplants (UTxs) have been performed worldwide. Overall frequencies have been low, but globally initiated UTx programs are expected to increase clinical implementation. The uterus constitutes a unique immunological environment with specific features of tissue renewal and a receptive endometrium. Decidual immune cells facilitate embryo implantation and placenta development. Although UTx adds to the complexity of immunity during pregnancy and transplantation, the procedure provides a unique clinical and experimental model. We posit that understanding the distinct immunological properties at the interface of the transplanted uterus, the fetus and maternal circulation might provide valuable novel insights while improving outcomes for UTx. Here, we discuss immunological challenges and opportunities of UTx affecting mother, pregnancy and healthy livebirths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Iske
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Institute of Transplant Immunology, Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Abdallah Elkhal
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefan G Tullius
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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8
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Liu S, Wang J, Li W, Shi H, Zhou C, Tang G, Zhang J, Yang Z. Dendritic cells transduced with TIPE-2 recombinant adenovirus induces T cells suppression. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2021; 18:9. [PMID: 33568165 PMCID: PMC7877089 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-021-00274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION TIPE-2 has been identified as a negative regulator of both innate and adaptive immunity and is involved in several inflammatory diseases. However, the role of immune suppression of dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with TIPE-2 has not been well studied. METHODS In this study, DCs were transduced with TIPE-2 recombinant adenovirus, and then were cocultured with allogeneic CD4+ or CD8 + T cells. The proliferation, cytokine production and activation marker levels of CD4+ or CD8 + T cell were detected. RESULTS The data demonstrated that T cell proliferation, cytokine production and activation marker levels were attenuated after treated with TIPE-2 transduced DCs. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that TIPE-2 transduced DCs are capable of inducing allogeneic CD4+ or CD8 + T cell immune suppression, which provide a promising way for the therapeutical strategies of transplantation or autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudong Liu
- Department of Neurology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing traditional Chinese medicine hospital, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Neurology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Changlong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Ge Tang
- Department of Neurology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of Neurology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China.
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9
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Senolytics prevent mt-DNA-induced inflammation and promote the survival of aged organs following transplantation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4289. [PMID: 32855397 PMCID: PMC7453018 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Older organs represent an untapped potential to close the gap between demand and supply in organ transplantation but are associated with age-specific responses to injury and increased immunogenicity, thereby aggravating transplant outcomes. Here we show that cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mt-DNA) released by senescent cells accumulates with aging and augments immunogenicity. Ischemia reperfusion injury induces a systemic increase of cf-mt-DNA that promotes dendritic cell-mediated, age-specific inflammatory responses. Comparable events are observed clinically, with the levels of cf-mt-DNA elevated in older deceased organ donors, and with the isolated cf-mt-DNA capable of activating human dendritic cells. In experimental models, treatment of old donor animals with senolytics clear senescent cells and diminish cf-mt-DNA release, thereby dampening age-specific immune responses and prolonging the survival of old cardiac allografts comparable to young donor organs. Collectively, we identify accumulating cf-mt-DNA as a key factor in inflamm-aging and present senolytics as a potential approach to improve transplant outcomes and availability. Organ transplantation involving aged donors is often confounded by reduced post-transplantation organ survival. By studying both human organs and mouse transplantation models, here the authors show that pretreating the donors with senolytics to reduce mitochondria DNA and pro-inflammatory dendritic cells may help promote survival of aged organs.
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10
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Qin C, Liu H, Tang B, Cao M, Yu Z, Liu B, Liu W, Dong Y, Ren H. In Vitro Immunological Effects of CXCR3 Inhibitor AMG487 on Dendritic Cells. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2020; 68:11. [PMID: 32239302 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-020-00577-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AMG 487 is the targeted blocker of chemokine receptor CXCR3 and improves inflammatory symptoms by blocking the inflammatory cycle. Here we investigated whether AMG 487 affects dendritic cell (DC) biology and function. The expression of co-stimulatory markers on DCs was reduced, indicating the semi-mature state of DC when AMG 487 was added throughout the in vitro differentiation period. Additionally, when added solely during the final lipopolysaccharide-induced activation step, AMG 487 inhibited DC activation, as demonstrated by a decreased expression of activation markers. AMG487 also promoted the expression of PD-L2 and impaired the ability to induce antigen-specific T cell responses. Our results demonstrated that AMG 487 significantly affects DC maturity in vitro and function leading to impaired T cell activation, inducing DCs to have characteristics similar to tolerogenic DCs. AMG 487 may directly play an immunomodulatory role during DC development and functional shaping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Qin
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhengyu Yu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Beichen Liu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yujun Dong
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hanyun Ren
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
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11
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Ochando J, Ordikhani F, Jordan S, Boros P, Thomson AW. Tolerogenic dendritic cells in organ transplantation. Transpl Int 2019; 33:113-127. [PMID: 31472079 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized cells of the innate immune system that are characterized by their ability to take up, process and present antigens (Ag) to effector T cells. They are derived from DC precursors produced in the bone marrow. Different DC subsets have been described according to lineage-specific transcription factors required for their development and function. Functionally, DCs are responsible for inducing Ag-specific immune responses that mediate organ transplant rejection. Consequently, to prevent anti-donor immune responses, therapeutic strategies have been directed toward the inhibition of DC activation. In addition however, an extensive body of preclinical research, using transplant models in rodents and nonhuman primates, has established a central role of DCs in the negative regulation of alloimmune responses. As a result, DCs have been employed as cell-based immunotherapy in early phase I/II clinical trials in organ transplantation. Together with in vivo targeting through use of myeloid cell-specific nanobiologics, DC manipulation represents a promising approach for the induction of transplantation tolerance. In this review, we summarize fundamental characteristics of DCs and their roles in promotion of central and peripheral tolerance. We also discuss their clinical application to promote improved long-term outcomes in organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ochando
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Immunología de Trasplantes, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Farideh Ordikhani
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Jordan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Boros
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angus W Thomson
- Department of Surgery and Department of Immunology, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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12
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Pathak S, Pham TT, Jeong JH, Byun Y. Immunoisolation of pancreatic islets via thin-layer surface modification. J Control Release 2019; 305:176-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Zhang J, Liu N, Lu Y, Huang Z, Zang Y, Chen J, Zhang J, Ding Z. Phosphorothioated antisense oligodeoxynucleotide suppressing interleukin-10 is a safe and potent vaccine adjuvant. Vaccine 2019; 37:4081-4088. [PMID: 31164303 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
While vaccination is highly effective for the prevention of many infectious diseases, the number of adjuvants licensed for human use is currently very limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and to clarify the mechanism of a phosphorothioated interleukin (IL)-10-targeted antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) as an immune adjuvant in intradermal vaccination. The cytotoxicity of IL-10 ASO and its ability to promote T cell proliferation were assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The contents of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 in inoculated local tissue and the antigen-specific antibody titers in mouse serum samples were determined by ELISA. The target cells of IL-10 ASO were observed using immunofluorescent staining. The results showed that the specific antibody titer of ovalbumin (OVA), a model antigen, was increased 100-fold upon addition of IL-10 ASO as an adjuvant compared to that of OVA alone. IL-10 ASO showed an immunopotentiation efficacy similar to that of Freund's incomplete adjuvant, with no detectable cell or tissue toxicity. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that IL-10 ASO enhances immune responses by temporarily suppressing IL-10 expression from local dendritic cells and consequently promoting T cell proliferation. In conclusion, IL-10 ASO significantly enhances immune responses against co-delivered vaccine antigens with high efficacy and low toxicity. It has the potential to be developed into a safe and efficient immune adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ninghua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuhui Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiangning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Changzhou High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University, Changzhou 213164, China.
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14
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CD38 Deficiency Downregulates the Onset and Pathogenesis of Collagen-Induced Arthritis through the NF- κB Pathway. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:7026067. [PMID: 30949517 PMCID: PMC6425382 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7026067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The RelB gene plays an important role in guiding the progression of arthritis. We have previously demonstrated that the expression of the RelB gene is decreased significantly in bone marrow DCs of CD38−/− mice. In this study, we demonstrate that the cluster of the differentiation (CD38) gene could be a potentially therapeutic target for autoimmune arthritis. Method Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) models were generated with both the wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 and CD38−/− mice. The expression of the RelB gene and maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) from the WT and CD38−/− mice were detected. Antigen-specific T cell responses, joint damage, and expression of proinflammatory cytokines were assessed. The effects of the Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor and its mechanisms were characterized. Results We demonstrated that in CD38−/− mice, the expression of the RelB gene and major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II) was decreased, accompanied with the inhibited T cell reaction in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) in bone marrow-derived DCs. Compared to the serious degeneration of the cartilage and the enlarged gap of the cavum articular in WT CIA mice, joint pathological changes of the CD38−/− CIA mice revealed marked attenuation, while the joint structures were well preserved. The preserved effects were observed by the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and promotion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, decreased phosphorylation of NF-κB was also observed in CD38−/− CIA mice. Conclusion We demonstrate that CD38 could regulate CIA through NF-κB and this regulatory molecule could be a novel target for the treatment of autoimmune inflammatory joint disease.
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15
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Zhang Y, Zhang G, Liu Y, Chen R, Zhao D, McAlister V, Mele T, Liu K, Zheng X. GDF15 Regulates Malat-1 Circular RNA and Inactivates NFκB Signaling Leading to Immune Tolerogenic DCs for Preventing Alloimmune Rejection in Heart Transplantation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2407. [PMID: 30425709 PMCID: PMC6218625 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant human growth differentiation factor 15 (rhGDF15) affects dendritic cell (DC) maturation. However, whether GDF15 is expressed in DCs and its roles and signaling in DCs remain largely unknown. It is unclear whether GDF15-DCs can induce immune tolerance in heart transplantation (HT). This study aims to understand the impact of endogenous GDF15 on DC's development, function, underlying molecular mechanism including circular RNA (circRNA). This study will also explore GDF15-DC-mediated immune modulation in HT. Bone marrow (BM) derived DCs were cultured and treated to up- or down regulate GDF15 expression. Phenotype and function of DCs were detected. Expression of genes and circRNAs was determined by qRT-PCR. The signaling pathways activated by GDF15 were examined. The impact of GDF15 treated DCs on preventing allograft immune rejection was assessed in a MHC full mismatch mouse HT model. Our results showed that GDF15 was expressed in DCs. Knockout of GDF15 promoted DC maturation, enhanced immune responsive functions, up-regulated malat-1 circular RNA (circ_Malat 1), and activated the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathway. Overexpression of GDF15 in DCs increased immunosuppressive/inhibitory molecules, enhanced DCs to induce T cell exhaustion, and promoted Treg generation through IDO signaling. GDF15 utilized transforming growth factor (TGF) β receptors I and II, not GFAL. Administration of GDF15 treated DCs prevented allograft rejection and induced immune tolerance in transplantation. In conclusion, GDF15 induces tolerogenic DCs (Tol-DCs) through inhibition of circ_Malat-1 and the NFκB signaling pathway and up-regulation of IDO. GDF15-DCs can prevent alloimmune rejection in HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhang
- Departments of Cardiovascular Surgery, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pathology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Guangfeng Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Renqi Chen
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Duo Zhao
- Departments of Cardiovascular Surgery, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pathology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Vivian McAlister
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Tina Mele
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kexiang Liu
- Departments of Cardiovascular Surgery, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiufen Zheng
- Departments of Cardiovascular Surgery, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.,London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
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16
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Headen DM, Woodward KB, Coronel MM, Shrestha P, Weaver JD, Zhao H, Tan M, Hunckler MD, Bowen WS, Johnson CT, Shea L, Yolcu ES, García AJ, Shirwan H. Local immunomodulation Fas ligand-engineered biomaterials achieves allogeneic islet graft acceptance. NATURE MATERIALS 2018; 17:732-739. [PMID: 29867165 PMCID: PMC6060019 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a promising therapy for type 1 diabetes. However, chronic immunosuppression to control rejection of allogeneic islets induces morbidities and impairs islet function. T effector cells are responsible for islet allograft rejection and express Fas death receptors following activation, becoming sensitive to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Here, we report that localized immunomodulation using microgels presenting an apoptotic form of the Fas ligand with streptavidin (SA-FasL) results in prolonged survival of allogeneic islet grafts in diabetic mice. A short course of rapamycin treatment boosted the immunomodulatory efficacy of SA-FasL microgels, resulting in acceptance and function of allografts over 200 days. Survivors generated normal systemic responses to donor antigens, implying immune privilege of the graft, and had increased CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T regulatory cells in the graft and draining lymph nodes. Deletion of T regulatory cells resulted in acute rejection of established islet allografts. This localized immunomodulatory biomaterial-enabled approach may provide an alternative to chronic immunosuppression for clinical islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon M Headen
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kyle B Woodward
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - María M Coronel
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pradeep Shrestha
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jessica D Weaver
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hong Zhao
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Min Tan
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Michael D Hunckler
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William S Bowen
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Christopher T Johnson
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lonnie Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Esma S Yolcu
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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17
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Immature Exosomes Derived from MicroRNA-146a Overexpressing Dendritic Cells Act as Antigen-Specific Therapy for Myasthenia Gravis. Inflammation 2018; 40:1460-1473. [PMID: 28523463 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0589-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neurological autoimmune disease characterized by fluctuating weakness of certain voluntary muscles. Current treatments for MG are largely directed at suppressing the whole immune system by using immunosuppressants or glucocorticoids and often cause several side effects. The ideal therapeutic methods for MG should suppress aberrant immunoactivation specifically, while retaining normal function of the immune system. In this study, we first produced exosomes from microRNA-146a overexpressing dendritic cells (DCs). Then, we observed suppressive effects of those exosomes in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) mice. Results showed that exosomes from microRNA-146a overexpressing DCs expressed decreased levels of CD80 and CD86. In experimental autoimmune MG, exosomes from microRNA-146a overexpressing DCs suppressed ongoing clinical MG in mice and altered T helper cell profiles from Th1/Th17 to Th2/Treg both in serum and spleen, and the therapeutic effects of those exosomes were antigen-specific and partly dose dependent. All the findings provide experimental basis for antigen-specific therapy of MG.
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18
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Abstract
Over the past century, solid organ transplantation has been improved both at a surgical and postoperative level. However, despite the improvement in efficiency, safety, and survival, we are still far from obtaining full acceptance of all kinds of allograft in the absence of concomitant treatments. Today, transplanted patients are treated with immunosuppressive drugs (IS) to minimize immunological response in order to prevent graft rejection. Nevertheless, the lack of specificity of IS leads to an increase in the risk of cancer and infections. At this point, cell therapies have been shown as a novel promising resource to minimize the use of IS in transplantation. The main strength of cell therapy is the opportunity to generate allograft-specific tolerance, promoting in this way long-term allograft survival. Among several other regulatory cell types, tolerogenic monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Tol-MoDCs) appear to be an interesting candidate for cell therapy due to their ability to perform specific antigen presentation and to polarize immune response to immunotolerance. In this review, we describe the characteristics and the mechanisms of action of both human Tol-MoDCs and rodent tolerogenic bone marrow-derived DCs (Tol-BMDCs). Furthermore, studies performed in transplantation models in rodents and non-human primates corroborate the potential of Tol-BMDCs for immunoregulation. In consequence, Tol-MoDCs have been recently evaluated in sundry clinical trials in autoimmune diseases and shown to be safe. In addition to autoimmune diseases clinical trials, Tol-MoDC is currently used in the first phase I/II clinical trials in transplantation. Translation of Tol-MoDCs to clinical application in transplantation will also be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eros Marín
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Nephrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Maria Cristina Cuturi
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Nephrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Aurélie Moreau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Nephrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
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19
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Amouzegar A, Chauhan SK, Dana R. Alloimmunity and Tolerance in Corneal Transplantation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 196:3983-91. [PMID: 27183635 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Corneal transplantation is one of the most prevalent and successful forms of solid tissue transplantation. Despite favorable outcomes, immune-mediated graft rejection remains the major cause of corneal allograft failure. Although low-risk graft recipients with uninflamed graft beds enjoy a success rate ∼90%, the rejection rates in inflamed graft beds or high-risk recipients often exceed 50%, despite maximal immune suppression. In this review, we discuss the critical facets of corneal alloimmunity, including immune and angiogenic privilege, mechanisms of allosensitization, cellular and molecular mediators of graft rejection, and allotolerance induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Amouzegar
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Sunil K Chauhan
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
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20
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Wang W, Shahzad KA, Li M, Zhang A, Zhang L, Xu T, Wan X, Shen C. An Antigen-Presenting and Apoptosis-Inducing Polymer Microparticle Prolongs Alloskin Graft Survival by Selectively and Markedly Depleting Alloreactive CD8 + T Cells. Front Immunol 2017. [PMID: 28649247 PMCID: PMC5465244 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Selectively depleting the pathogenic T cells is a fundamental strategy for the treatment of allograft rejection and autoimmune disease since it retains the overall immune function of host. The concept of killer artificial antigen-presenting cells (KaAPCs) has been developed by co-coupling peptide–major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) multimer and anti-Fas monoclonal antibody (mAb) onto the polymeric microparticles (MPs) to induce the apoptosis of antigen-specific T cells. But little information is available about its in vivo therapeutic potential and mechanism. In this study, polyethylenimine (PEI)-coated poly lactic-co-glycolic acid microparticle (PLGA MP) was fabricated as a cell-sized scaffold to covalently co-couple H-2Kb-Ig dimer and anti-Fas mAb for the generation of alloantigen-presenting and apoptosis-inducing MPs. Intravenous infusions of the biodegradable KaAPCs prolonged the alloskin graft survival for 43 days in a single MHC-mismatched murine model, depleted the most of H-2Kb-alloreactive CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood, spleen, and alloskin graft in an antigen-specific manner and anti-Fas-dependent fashion. The cell-sized KaAPCs circulated throughout vasculature into liver, kidney, spleen, lymph nodes, lung, and heart, but few ones into local allograft at early stage, with a retention time up to 36 h in vivo. They colocalized with CD8+ T cells in secondary lymphoid organs while few ones contacted with CD4+ T cells, B cells, macrophage, and dendritic cells, or internalized by phagocytes. Importantly, the KaAPC treatment did not significantly impair the native T cell repertoire or non-pathogenic immune cells, did not obviously suppress the overall immune function of host, and did not lead to visible organ toxicity. Our results strongly document the high potential of PLGA MP-based KaAPCs as a novel antigen-specific immunotherapy for allograft rejection and autoimmune disorder. The in vivo mechanism of alloinhibition, tissue distribution, and biosafety were also initially characterized, which will facilitate its translational studies from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Khawar Ali Shahzad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Miaochen Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Aifeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanlai Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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21
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Cai S, Hou J, Fujino M, Zhang Q, Ichimaru N, Takahara S, Araki R, Lu L, Chen JM, Zhuang J, Zhu P, Li XK. iPSC-Derived Regulatory Dendritic Cells Inhibit Allograft Rejection by Generating Alloantigen-Specific Regulatory T Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 8:1174-1189. [PMID: 28434942 PMCID: PMC5425686 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory dendritic cell (DCregs)-based immunotherapy is a potential therapeutic tool for transplant rejection. We generated DCregs from murine induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which could remain in a “stable immature stage” even under strong stimulation. Harnessing this characteristic, we hypothesized that iPS-DCregs worked as a negative vaccine to generate regulatory T cells (Tregs), and induced donor-specific allograft acceptance. We immunized naive CBA (H-2Kk) mice with B6 (H-2Kb) iPS-DCregs and found that Tregs (CD4+CD25+FOXP3+) significantly increased in CBA splenocytes. Moreover, immunized CBA recipients permanently accepted B6 cardiac grafts in a donor-specific pattern. We demonstrated mechanistically that donor-type iPS-DCregs triggered transforming growth factor β1 secretion, under which the donor-antigen peptides directed naive CD4+ T cells to differentiate into donor-specific FOXP3+ Tregs instead of into effector T cells in vivo. These findings highlight the potential of iPS-DCregs as a key cell therapy resource in clinical transplantation. iPS-DCregs keep in stable immature stage that makes them a powerful cellular vaccine Donor-type iPS-DCregs lead to permanent acceptance of allogeneic cardiac grafts iPS-DCregs reduce CTL and downregulate proinflammatory cytokine iPS-DCregs enhance Tregs transmigration capability in a TGF-β1-dependent manner
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjie Cai
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan; Department of Advanced Technology for Transplantation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jiangang Hou
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan; Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Masayuki Fujino
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan; AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Qi Zhang
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Naotsugu Ichimaru
- Department of Advanced Technology for Transplantation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shiro Takahara
- Department of Advanced Technology for Transplantation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryoko Araki
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences for Radiation Damages, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lina Lu
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Ji-Mei Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510100, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510100, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510100, China.
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
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22
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Horton C, Shanmugarajah K, Fairchild PJ. Harnessing the properties of dendritic cells in the pursuit of immunological tolerance. Biomed J 2017; 40:80-93. [PMID: 28521905 PMCID: PMC6138597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of self-perpetuating, immunological tolerance specific for graft alloantigens has long been described as the "holy grail" of clinical transplantation. By removing the need for life-long immunosuppression following engraftment, the adverse consequences of immunosuppressive regimens, including chronic infections and malignancy, may be avoided. Furthermore, autoimmune diseases and allergy are, by definition, driven by aberrant immunological responses to ordinarily innocuous antigens. The re-establishment of permanent tolerance towards instigating antigens may, therefore, provide a cure to these common diseases. Whilst various cell types exhibiting a tolerogenic phenotype have been proposed for such a task, tolerogenic dendritic cells (tol-DCs) are exquisitely adapted for antigen presentation and interact with many facets of the immune system: as such, they are attractive candidates for use in strategies for immune intervention. We review here our current understanding of tol-DC mediated induction and maintenance of immunological tolerance. Additionally, we discuss recent in vitro findings from animal models and clinical trials of tol-DC immunotherapy in the setting of transplantation, autoimmunity and allergy which highlight their promising therapeutic potential, and speculate how tol-DC therapy may be developed in the future.
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23
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Li R, Zhang Y, Zheng X, Peng S, Yuan K, Zhang X, Min W. Synergistic suppression of autoimmune arthritis through concurrent treatment with tolerogenic DC and MSC. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43188. [PMID: 28230210 PMCID: PMC5322386 DOI: 10.1038/srep43188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive immune-mediated joint deterioration. Current treatments are not antigen specific and are associated with various adverse. We have previously demonstrated that tolerogenic dendritic cells (Tol-DC) are potent antigen-specific immune regulators, which hold great promise in immunotherapy of autoimmune diseases. In this study, we aimed to develop new immunotherapy by combining Tol-DC and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). We demonstrated that RelB gene silencing resulted in generation of Tol-DC that suppressed T cell responses and selectively promoted Treg generation. The combination of MSC synergized the tolerogenic capacity of Tol-DC in inhibition of T cell responses. In murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model, we demonstrated that progression of arthritis was inhibited with administration of RelB gene-silenced Tol-DC or MSC. This therapeutic effect was remarkably enhanced with concurrent treatment of combination Tol-DC and MSC as demonstrated by improved clinical symptoms, decreased clinical scores and attenuated joint damage. These therapeutic effects were associated with suppression of CII-specific T cell responses, polarization of Th and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines, and reduced cartilage degeneration. This study for the first time demonstrates a new approach to treat autoimmune inflammatory joint disease with concurrent treatment of RelB gene-silenced Tol-DC and MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Immunotherapy of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Yujuan Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Immunotherapy of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiufen Zheng
- Departments of Surgery, Pathology, and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Shanshan Peng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Immunotherapy of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Keng Yuan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Immunotherapy of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Xusheng Zhang
- Departments of Surgery, Pathology, and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Weiping Min
- College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Immunotherapy of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China.,Departments of Surgery, Pathology, and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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24
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Management of high-risk corneal transplantation. Surv Ophthalmol 2016; 62:816-827. [PMID: 28012874 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cornea is the most commonly transplanted tissue in medicine. The main cause of corneal graft failure is allograft rejection. The incidence of graft rejection depends on the presence of high-risk characteristics, most notably corneal neovascularization. Although corneal grafting has high success rates in the absence of these risk factors, high-risk keratoplasty is associated with low success rates because of a high incidence of immune-mediated graft rejection. To improve the survival of high-risk corneal transplantation, various preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative measures can be considered; however, the key step in the management of these grafts is the long-term use of local and/or systemic immunosuppressive agents. Although a number of immunosuppressive agents have been used for this purpose, the results vary significantly across different studies. This is partly due to the lack of an optimized method for their use, as well as the lack of a precise stratification of the degree of risk in each individual patient. New targeted biologic treatments, as well as tolerance-inducing methods, show promising horizons in the management of high-risk corneal transplantation in near future.
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25
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Moreau A, Alliot-Licht B, Cuturi MC, Blancho G. Tolerogenic dendritic cell therapy in organ transplantation. Transpl Int 2016; 30:754-764. [DOI: 10.1111/tri.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Moreau
- INSERM UMR1064; Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology; Nantes France
- CHU de Nantes; Institut de Transplantation Urologie Nephrologie (ITUN); Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Brigitte Alliot-Licht
- INSERM UMR1064; Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology; Nantes France
- CHU de Nantes; Institut de Transplantation Urologie Nephrologie (ITUN); Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Maria-Cristina Cuturi
- INSERM UMR1064; Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology; Nantes France
- CHU de Nantes; Institut de Transplantation Urologie Nephrologie (ITUN); Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Gilles Blancho
- INSERM UMR1064; Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology; Nantes France
- CHU de Nantes; Institut de Transplantation Urologie Nephrologie (ITUN); Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
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Effects of Adoptive Transfer of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells on Allograft Survival in Organ Transplantation Models: An Overview of Systematic Reviews. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:5730674. [PMID: 27547767 PMCID: PMC4980535 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5730674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. To dissect the efficacy of Tol-DC therapy with or without IS in multiple animal models of transplantation. Methods and Results. PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for reviews published up to April 2015. Six systematic reviews and a total of 61 articles were finally included. Data were grouped by organ transplantation models and applied to meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis shows that Tol-DC therapy successfully prolonged allograft survival to varying extents in all except the islet transplantation models and with IS drugs further prolonged the survival of heart, skin, and islet allografts in mice, but not of heart allografts in rats. Compared with IS drugs alone, Tol-DC therapy with IS extended islet allograft survival in rats but failed to influence the survival of skin, small intestine, and heart allografts in rats or of heart and skin allografts in mice. Conclusion. Tol-DC therapy significantly prolonged multiple allograft survival and further prolonged survival with IS. However, standardized protocols for modification of Tol-DC should be established before its application in clinic.
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Woodward KB, Wang F, Zhao H, Yolcu ES, Shirwan H. Novel technologies to engineer graft for tolerance induction. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2016; 21:74-80. [PMID: 26626421 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Conquering allograft rejection remains an elusive goal in spite of recent breakthroughs in the field of immunosuppression. Much of the problem lies in the toxicity and side-effects of long-term use of systemic immunosuppressant drugs, which are sometimes ineffective in controlling rejection, but also hinder establishment of transplant tolerance. In this review, we discuss novel technologies that use grafts engineered with immunomodulatory molecules as a means of inducing tolerance. RECENT FINDINGS Several recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of engineering cells, tissues, or solid organ grafts with immunoregulatory biologics to achieve long termgraft survival without the use of chronic immunosuppression. This approach was shown to primarily change the ratio of T effector versus CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T regulatory cells within the graft microenvironment in favor of attaining localized tolerance induction and maintenance. SUMMARY Localized immunomodulation using biologic-engineered allografts represent a new paradigm for achieving long-term graft survival in the absence of chronic use of immunosuppression. The manipulation of the graft, rather than the recipient, not only ensures short- and long-term safety by minimizing the adverse effects of immunosuppression, but also allows retention of immune competency critical for the ability of the recipient to fight infections and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B Woodward
- aDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA bOrgan Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, Guangzhou, China *Kyle B. Woodward and Feng Wang equally contributed to the writing of this article
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Maggi J, Schafer C, Ubilla-Olguín G, Catalán D, Schinnerling K, Aguillón JC. Therapeutic Potential of Hyporesponsive CD4(+) T Cells in Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2015; 6:488. [PMID: 26441992 PMCID: PMC4585084 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells is crucial on immunity or tolerance induction. In an immature or semi-mature state, DCs induce tolerance through T-cell deletion, generation of regulatory T cells, and/or induction of T-cell anergy. Anergy is defined as an unresponsive state that retains T cells in an “off” mode under conditions in which immune activation is undesirable. This mechanism is crucial for the control of T-cell responses against self-antigens, thereby preventing autoimmunity. Tolerogenic DCs (tDCs), generated in vitro from peripheral blood monocytes of healthy donors or patients with autoimmune pathologies, were shown to modulate immune responses by inducing T-cell hyporesponsiveness. Animal models of autoimmune diseases confirmed the impact of T-cell anergy on disease development and progression in vivo. Thus, the induction of T-cell hyporesponsiveness by tDCs has become a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of T-cell-mediated autoimmune disorders. Here, we review recent findings in the area and discuss the potential of anergy induction for clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaxaira Maggi
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy , Santiago , Chile
| | - Carolina Schafer
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy , Santiago , Chile
| | - Gabriela Ubilla-Olguín
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy , Santiago , Chile
| | - Diego Catalán
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy , Santiago , Chile
| | - Katina Schinnerling
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy , Santiago , Chile
| | - Juan C Aguillón
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile , Santiago , Chile ; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy , Santiago , Chile
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Wu W, Wang CX, Chen H, Zhou J, Zhang JZ, Gao L, Zhou HY. House dust mite allergens mediate the activation of c‑kit in dendritic cells via Toll‑like receptor 2. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:5307-13. [PMID: 26238189 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that the c‑kit proto‑oncogene and its ligand, stem cell factor, are important in the development of asthma. House dust mite (HDM; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) allergens are a major trigger in the development and exacerbation of asthma. HDM allergens can induce the activation of c‑kit in dendritic cells (DCs), leading to the development of allergic asthma. Previous studies have demonstrated that activation of Toll‑like receptor 2 (TLR2) evokes a T helper (Th)2 immune response and promotes experimental asthma. The aim of the present study was to assess whether HDM mediates the activation of c‑kit in DCs via TLR2. Monocyte‑derived DCs were generated from C57BL/6 mice, and cultured with interleukin (IL)‑4 and granulocyte‑macrophage colony‑stimulating factor. The DCs were then sensitized with HDM (10 µg/ml) for 72 h. TLR2‑specific small interfering (si)RNA was used to silence and inhibit the expression of TLR2 in the DCs. The expression levels of c‑kit and B7 (CD80/CD86) were measured, by analyzing the DC culture supernatant for the presence of IL‑6 and IL‑12. Inhibition of TLR2 using specific siRNA downregulated the expression of c‑kit in the HDM‑activated DCs. In addition, silencing of TLR2 inhibited the expression of CD80/CD86, decreased the production of IL‑6, and increased the production of IL‑12. These results indicated that TRL2 are important in the activation of c‑kit by HDM in DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Xia Wang
- Department of Medicine, Baoji Vocational and Technical College, Baoji, Shaanxi 721000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Zhao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
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Askenasy EM, Shushlav Y, Sun Z, Shirwan H, Yolcu ES, Askenasy N. Engineering of bone marrow cells with fas-ligand protein-enhances donor-specific tolerance to solid organs. Transplant Proc 2014; 43:3545-8. [PMID: 22099838 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Effective immunomodulation to induce tolerance to tissue/organ allografts is attained by infusion of donor lymphocytes endowed with killing capacity through ectopic expression of a short-lived Fas-ligand (FasL) protein. The same approach has proven effective in improving hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell engraftment. This study evaluates the possibility of substitution of immune cells for bone marrow cells (BMC) to induce FasL-mediated tolerance to solid organ grafts. Expression of FasL protein on BMC increased the survival of simultaneously grafted vascularized heterotopic cardiac grafts to 90%, as compared to 30% in recipients of naïve BMC. Similar results were obtained for skin allografts implanted into radiation chimeras at 1 week after bone marrow transplantation. Further reduction of preparative conditioning to busulfan resulted in acceptance of donor skin implanted at 2 weeks after transplantation of naïve and FasL-coated BMC, whereas third-party grafts were acutely rejected. The levels of donor chimerism were in the range of 0.7% to 12% at the time of skin grafting, with higher levels in recipients of FasL-coated BMC. It is concluded that FasL-mediated abrogation of alloimmune responses can be effectively attained with BMC. There is no threshold of donor chimerism, but tolerance to solid organs evolves during the process of donor-host mutual acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Askenasy
- Frankel Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.
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31
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Gene therapy modalities in lung transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2014; 31:165-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Li H, Shi B. Tolerogenic dendritic cells and their applications in transplantation. Cell Mol Immunol 2014; 12:24-30. [PMID: 25109681 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2014.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In transplantation immunology, the ultimate goal is always to successfully and specifically induce immune tolerance of allografts. Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tol-DCs) with immunoregulatory functions have attracted much attention as they play important roles in inducing and maintaining immune tolerance. Here, we focused on tol-DCs that have the potential to promote immune tolerance after solid-organ transplantation. We focus on their development and interactions with other regulatory cells, and we also explore various tol-DC engineering protocols. Harnessing tol-DCs represents a promising cellular therapy for promoting long-term graft functional survival in transplant recipients that will most likely be achieved in the future.
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Dendritic cell-based approaches for therapeutic immune regulation in solid-organ transplantation. J Transplant 2013; 2013:761429. [PMID: 24307940 PMCID: PMC3824554 DOI: 10.1155/2013/761429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To avoid immune rejection, allograft recipients require drug-based immunosuppression, which has significant toxicity. An emerging approach is adoptive transfer of immunoregulatory cells. While mature dendritic cells (DCs) present donor antigen to the immune system, triggering rejection, regulatory DCs interact with regulatory T cells to promote immune tolerance. Intravenous injection of immature DCs of either donor or host origin at the time of transplantation have prolonged allograft survival in solid-organ transplant models. DCs can be treated with pharmacological agents before injection, which may attenuate their maturation in vivo. Recent data suggest that injected immunosuppressive DCs may inhibit allograft rejection, not by themselves, but through conventional DCs of the host. Genetically engineered DCs have also been tested. Two clinical trials in type-1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis have been carried out, and other trials, including one trial in kidney transplantation, are in progress or are imminent.
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Hilkens CMU, Isaacs JD. Tolerogenic dendritic cell therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: where are we now? Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 172:148-57. [PMID: 23574312 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells with tolerogenic function (tolDC) have become a promising immunotherapeutic tool for reinstating immune tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune diseases. The concept underpinning tolDC therapy is that it specifically targets the pathogenic autoimmune response while leaving protective immunity intact. Findings from human in-vitro and mouse in-vivo studies have been translated into the development of clinical grade tolDC for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. Recently, two tolDC trials in RA and type I diabetes have been carried out and other trials are in progress or are imminent. In this review, we provide an update on tolDC therapy, in particular in relation to the treatment of RA, and discuss the challenges and the future perspectives of this new experimental immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M U Hilkens
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Dendritic cells: cellular mediators for immunological tolerance. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:972865. [PMID: 23762100 PMCID: PMC3671285 DOI: 10.1155/2013/972865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In general, immunological tolerance is acquired upon treatment with non-specific immunosuppressive drugs. This indiscriminate immunosuppression of the patient often causes serious side-effects, such as opportunistic infectious diseases. Therefore, the need for antigen-specific modulation of pathogenic immune responses is of crucial importance in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In this perspective, dendritic cells (DCs) can have an important immune-regulatory function, besides their notorious antigen-presenting capacity. DCs appear to be essential for both central and peripheral tolerance. In the thymus, DCs are involved in clonal deletion of autoreactive immature T cells by presenting self-antigens. Additionally, tolerance is achieved by their interactions with T cells in the periphery and subsequent induction of T cell anergy, T cell deletion, and induction of regulatory T cells (Treg). Various studies have described, modulation of DC characteristics with the purpose to induce antigen-specific tolerance in autoimmune diseases, graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD), and transplantations. Promising results in animal models have prompted researchers to initiate first-in-men clinical trials. The purpose of current review is to provide an overview of the role of DCs in the immunopathogenesis of autoimmunity, as well as recent concepts of dendritic cell-based therapeutic opportunities in autoimmune diseases.
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Giannoukakis N, Trucco M. Dendritic cell therapy for Type 1 diabetes suppression. Immunotherapy 2013; 4:1063-74. [PMID: 23148758 DOI: 10.2217/imt.12.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
While dendritic cell-based therapy is a clinical reality for human malignancies, until now, some conceptual concerns have served to delay its consideration to treat human autoimmune diseases, even in light of almost two decades' worth of overwhelmingly supportive preclinical animal studies. This article provides an overview of the development of dendritic cell-based therapy for Type 1 diabetes mellitus, given that this is the best-studied autoimmune disorder and that there is a good understanding of the underlying immunology. This article also highlights data from the authors' pioneering Phase I clinical trial with tolerogenic dendritic cells, which hopes to motivate the clinical translation of other dendritic cell-based approaches, to one or more carefully selected Type 1 diabetic patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Giannoukakis
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Center, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
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Wang G, Zhang S, Wang F, Li G, Zhang L, Luan X. Expression and biological function of programmed death ligands in human placenta mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:137-48. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Wang
- Department of Immunology; Binzhou Medical University; Shandong Province, Yantai 264003 P.R. China
| | - Siying Zhang
- Department of Immunology; Binzhou Medical University; Shandong Province, Yantai 264003 P.R. China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Immunology; Binzhou Medical University; Shandong Province, Yantai 264003 P.R. China
| | - Guangyun Li
- Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong Province, Jinan 250014 P.R. China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Department of Immunology; Binzhou Medical University; Shandong Province, Yantai 264003 P.R. China
| | - Xiying Luan
- Department of Immunology; Binzhou Medical University; Shandong Province, Yantai 264003 P.R. China
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Moreau A, Varey E, Bériou G, Hill M, Bouchet-Delbos L, Segovia M, Cuturi MC. Tolerogenic dendritic cells and negative vaccination in transplantation: from rodents to clinical trials. Front Immunol 2012; 3:218. [PMID: 22908013 PMCID: PMC3414843 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of immunosuppressive (IS) drugs to treat transplant recipients has markedly reduced the incidence of acute rejection and early graft loss. However, such treatments have numerous adverse side effects and fail to prevent chronic allograft dysfunction. In this context, therapies based on the adoptive transfer of regulatory cells are promising strategies to induce indefinite transplant survival. The use of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC) has shown great potential, as preliminary experiments in rodents have demonstrated that administration of tolerogenic DC prolongs graft survival. Recipient DC, Donor DC, or Donor Ag-pulsed recipient DC have been used in preclinical studies and administration of these cells with suboptimal immunosuppression increases their tolerogenic potential. We have demonstrated that autologous unpulsed tolerogenic DC injected in the presence of suboptimal immunosuppression are able to induce Ag-specific allograft tolerance. We derived similar tolerogenic DC in different animal models (mice and non-human primates) and confirmed their protective abilities in vitro and in vivo. The mechanisms involved in the tolerance induced by autologous tolerogenic DC were also investigated. With the aim of using autologous DC in kidney transplant patients, we have developed and characterized tolerogenic monocyte-derived DC in humans. In this review, we will discuss the preclinical studies and describe our recent results from the generation and characterization of tolerogenic monocyte-derived DC in humans for a clinical application. We will also discuss the limits and difficulties in translating preclinical experiments to theclinic.
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Functional Analysis of Alloreactive Memory CD4+ T Cells Derived from Skin Transplantation Recipient and Naïve CD4+ T Cells Derived from Untreated Mice. J Surg Res 2012; 176:649-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wu W, Shan J, Li Y, Luo L, Sun G, Zhou Y, Yang T, Xia M, Guo Y, Feng L. Adoptive transfusion of tolerance dendritic cells prolongs the survival of cardiac allograft: a systematic review of 44 basic studies in mice. J Evid Based Med 2012; 5:139-53. [PMID: 23672221 DOI: 10.1111/j.1756-5391.2012.01191.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Tolerogenic DCs (Tol-DCs), a group of cells with imDC phenotype, can stably induce T cells low-reactivity and immune tolerance. We systematically reviewed the adoptive transfusion of Tol-DCs induced by different ways to prolong cardiac allograft survival and its possible mechanism. METHOD MEDLINE (1966 to March 2011), EMbase (1980 to March 2011), and ISI (inception to March 2011) were searched for identification of relevant studies. We used allogeneic heart graft survival time as endpoint outcome to analyze the effect of adoptive transfusion of Tol-DC on cardiac allograft. By integrating studies' information, we summarized the mechanisms of Tol-DC in prolonging cardiac grafts. RESULTS Four methods were used to induce Tol-DC in all of the 44 included studies including gene-modified, drug-intervened, cytokine-induced, and other-derived (liver-derived & spleen-derived) DCs. The results showed that all types of Tol-DC can effectively prolong graft survival, and the average extension of graft survival time for each group was as follows: 22.02 ± 21.9 days (3.2 folds to control group) in the gene modified group, 25.94 ± 16.9 days (4.3 folds) in the drug-intervened groups, 9.00 ± 8.13 days (1.9 folds) in the cytokine-induced group, and 10.69 ± 9.94 days (2.1 folds) in the other-derived group. The main mechanisms of Tol-DCs to prolong graft survival were as follows: (1) induceT-cell hyporeactivity (detected by MLR); (2) reduce the effect of cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL); (3) promote Th2 differentiation; (4) induce Treg; (5) induce chimerism. CONCLUSION For fully MHC mismatched allogeneic heart transplant recipients of inbred mouse, adoptive transfusion of Tol-DC, which can be gene-modified, drug-intervened, cytokine-induced, spleen-derived or liver-derived, can clearly prolong the survival of cardiac allograft or induce immune tolerance. Gene-modified and drug-induced Tol-DC can prolong graft survival most obviously. Having better reliability and stability than drug-induction, gene-modification is the best way to induce Tol-DCs at present. One-time intravenous infusion of 2 × 10(6) Tol-DC is a simple and feasible way to induce long-term graft survival. Multiple infusions will prolong it but increase the risk and cost. Adoptive transfusion of Tol-DC in conjunction with immunosuppressive agents may also prolong the graft survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology of Health Ministry of China, Regenerative medical research center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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41
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Zheng X, Koropatnick J, Chen D, Velenosi T, Ling H, Zhang X, Jiang N, Navarro B, Ichim TE, Urquhart B, Min W. Silencing IDO in dendritic cells: a novel approach to enhance cancer immunotherapy in a murine breast cancer model. Int J Cancer 2012; 132:967-77. [PMID: 22870862 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapeutic agents (vaccines) in the form of antigen-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) reached an important milestone with the recent approval of Provenge, the first DC vaccine for treatment of prostate cancer. Although this heralds a new era of tumor immunotherapy, it also highlights the compelling need to optimize such DC-based therapies as they are increasingly tested and used to treat human patients. In this study we sought to augment and enhance the antitumor activity of a DC-based vaccine using siRNA to silence expression of immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in DCs. We report here that DCs loaded with tumor antigens, but with siRNA-silenced IDO expression, were introduced into 4T1 breast tumor-bearing mice, the treatment: (i) lengthened the time required for tumor onset, (ii) decreased tumor size compared to tumors grown for equal lengths of time in mice treated with antigen-loaded DCs without IDO silencing and (iii) reduced CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell apoptosis. Furthermore, immunization with IDO-silenced DCs enhanced tumor antigen-specific T cell proliferation and CTL activity, and decreased numbers of CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) T(reg). This study provides evidence to support silencing of immunosuppressive genes (IDO) as an effective strategy to enhance the efficacy of DC-based cancer immunotherapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufen Zheng
- Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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42
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Wang Z, Divito S, Shufesky W, Sumpter T, Wang H, Tkacheva OA, Wang W, Liu C, Larregina AT, Morelli AE. Dendritic cell therapies in transplantation revisited: deletion of recipient DCs deters the effect of therapeutic DCs. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:1398-408. [PMID: 22500950 PMCID: PMC3365643 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04060.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A critical goal in transplantation is the achievement of donor-specific tolerance, minimizing the use of immunosuppressants. Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen (Ag) presenting cells (APCs) with capability to promote immunity or tolerance. The immune-regulatory properties of DCs have been exploited for generation of tolerogenic/immunosuppressive (IS) DCs that, when transfer systemically, prolong allograft survival in murine models. Surprisingly, the in vivo mechanisms of therapies based on (donor- or recipient-derived) ISDCs in transplantation remain unknown, given that previous studies investigated their effects in vitro, or ex vivo after transplantation. Since once injected, ISDCs are short-lived and transfer Ag to recipient APCs, we assessed the role of recipient DCs by depleting them at the time of ISDC-therapy in a mouse model of cardiac transplantation. The results indicate that, contrary to the accepted paradigm, systemically administered ISDCs reduce the alloresponse and prolong allograft survival, not by themselves, but through conventional DCs (cDCs) of the recipient. These findings raise doubts on the advantages of the currently used ISDC-therapies, since the immune-regulatory properties of the injected ISDC do not seem to be functionally relevant in vivo, and the quiescent/pro-tolerogenic status of cDCs may be compromised in patients with end-stage diseases that require transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Wang
- T.E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213,The Heart Lung and Esophageal Surgery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - S.J. Divito
- T.E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - W.J. Shufesky
- T.E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - T. Sumpter
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - H. Wang
- The Heart Lung and Esophageal Surgery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - O. A. Tkacheva
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - W. Wang
- The Heart Lung and Esophageal Surgery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - C. Liu
- The Heart Lung and Esophageal Surgery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - A. T. Larregina
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - A. E. Morelli
- T.E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
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43
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Naderi N, Moazzeni SM, Pourfathollah AA, Alimoghaddam K. High expression of Fas ligand on cord blood dendritic cells: a possible immunoregulatory mechanism after cord blood transplantation. Transplant Proc 2012; 43:3913-9. [PMID: 22172872 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic cord blood transplantation is associated with less severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Dendritic cells (DCs), as the most potent antigen-presenting cells of the immune system, play a central role in the development of GVHD. Because apoptosis induction is one of the known mechanisms that DCs use to regulate T-cell responses, we studied the immunostimulatory and apoptosis induction capacities of cord blood dendritic cells (CBDCs) and peripheral blood dendritic cells (PBDCs) to evaluate the mechanisms underlying the lower incidence of GVHD after cord blood transplantation. Presence of apoptosis-related markers Fas, Fas ligand (FasL), and CD40 and costimulatory molecules, along with the proportion of myeloid and lymphoid DCs subsets, were also measured on CBDCs and PBDCs. METHODS Fresh CBDCs and PBDCs were isolated from cord and peripheral mononuclear cells as lineage-negative cells by using monoclonal antibodies against CD3, CD11b, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD56, CD34, and CD66b. DCs were cocultured with allogeneic T cells, and the effect of CBDCs and PBDCs on T-cell apoptosis and proliferation were determined through flow cytometric analysis and 3H-thymidine incorporation. RESULTS Our findings showed that CBDCs markedly augment apoptosis of CD3+ T-cells. FasL expression on CBDCs was significantly higher than on PBDCs. However, there was no difference between Fas expression on CBDCs and PBDCs. Moreover, CBDCs were poor stimulators of allogenic T cells in mixed leukocyte reaction compared with adult peripheral blood DCs. They also displayed decreased expression of HLA-DR and CD86 molecules. The ratio of lymphoid DCs (CD11c-, CD123+) to myeloid DCs (CD11c+, CD123-) was also significantly higher in CBDCs compared with PBDCs. CONCLUSIONS It seems that less severe GVHD after cord blood transplantation is due not only to a higher degree of immaturity of CBDCs, but also to delivery of apoptotic signals to the host T cells that recognize allo-MHC molecules on CBDCs in the early phase of immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Naderi
- Immunology Department, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandarabbas, Hormozgan, Iran
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44
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Immunosuppressive exosomes: a new approach for treating arthritis. Int J Rheumatol 2012; 2012:573528. [PMID: 22548070 PMCID: PMC3324137 DOI: 10.1155/2012/573528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease and one of the leading causes of disability in the USA. Although certain biological therapies, including protein and antibodies targeting inflammatory factors such as the tumor necrosis factor, are effective in reducing symptoms of RA, these treatments do not reverse disease. Also, although novel gene therapy approaches have shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies to treat RA, it is still unclear whether gene therapy can be readily and safely applied to treat the large number of RA patients. Recently, nanosized, endocytic-derived membrane vesicles “exosomes” were demonstrated to function in cell-to-cell communication and to possess potent immunoregulatory properties. In particular, immunosuppressive DC-derived exosomes and blood plasma- or serum-derived exosomes have shown potent therapeutic effects in animal models of inflammatory and autoimmune disease including RA. This paper discusses the current knowledge on the production, efficacy, mechanism of action, and potential therapeutic use of immunosuppressive exosomes for arthritis therapy.
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Hattori T, Saban DR, Emami-Naeini P, Chauhan SK, Funaki T, Ueno H, Dana R. Donor-derived, tolerogenic dendritic cells suppress immune rejection in the indirect allosensitization-dominant setting of corneal transplantation. J Leukoc Biol 2012; 91:621-7. [PMID: 22291211 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1011500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant interest has been focused on the use of ex vivo-manipulated DCs to optimally induce transplant tolerance and promote allograft survival. Although it is understood that donor-derived, tolerogenic DCs suppress the direct pathway of allosensitization, whether such DCs can similarly suppress the indirect pathway remains unclear. We therefore used the murine model of corneal transplantation to address this, as these allografts are rejected in an indirect pathway-dominant manner. Interestingly, recipients administered with donor bone marrow-derived DCregs, generated via culturing with GM-CSF, IL-10, and TGF-β1, significantly prolonged survival of corneal allografts. Correspondingly, these recipients demonstrated a potent reduction in the frequency of indirectly allosensitized T cells, as determined by ELISPOT. Examination of DCregs relative to mDCs or iDCs showed a resistance to up-regulation of MHC-II and costimulatory molecules, as well as an impaired capacity to stimulate MLRs. In vivo, DCreg administration in corneal-allografted recipients led to inhibition of CD4(+)IFN-γ(+) T cell frequencies and an associated increase in Foxp3 expression in the Treg compartment. We conclude that donor-derived, tolerogenic DCs significantly suppress the indirect pathway, thereby identifying a novel regulatory mechanism for these cells in transplantation.
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46
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Bhatt S, Fung JJ, Lu L, Qian S. Tolerance-inducing strategies in islet transplantation. Int J Endocrinol 2012; 2012:396524. [PMID: 22675353 PMCID: PMC3366204 DOI: 10.1155/2012/396524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic islet transplantation is a promising approach for restoring normoglycemia in type 1 diabetic patients. Current use of immunosuppressive therapies for management of islet transplant recipients can be counterintuitive to islet function and can lead to complications in the long term. The induction of donor-specific tolerance eliminates the dependency on immunosuppression and allows recipients to retain responses to foreign antigens. The mechanisms by which tolerance is achieved involve the deletion of donor-reactive T cells, induction of T-cell anergy, immune deviation, and generation of regulatory T cells. This review will outline the various methods used for inducing donor-specific tolerance in islet transplantation and will highlight the previously unforeseen potential of tissue stromal cells in promoting islet engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumantha Bhatt
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - John J. Fung
- Department of General Surgery, Transplant Center, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Lina Lu
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Transplant Center, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Shiguang Qian
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Transplant Center, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- *Shiguang Qian:
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Yolcu ES, Zhao H, Bandura-Morgan L, Lacelle C, Woodward KB, Askenasy N, Shirwan H. Pancreatic islets engineered with SA-FasL protein establish robust localized tolerance by inducing regulatory T cells in mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2011; 187:5901-9. [PMID: 22068235 PMCID: PMC3232043 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic islet transplantation is an important therapeutic approach for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Clinical application of this approach, however, is severely curtailed by allograft rejection primarily initiated by pathogenic effector T cells regardless of chronic use of immunosuppression. Given the role of Fas-mediated signaling in regulating effector T cell responses, we tested if pancreatic islets can be engineered ex vivo to display on their surface an apoptotic form of Fas ligand protein chimeric with streptavidin (SA-FasL) and whether such engineered islets induce tolerance in allogeneic hosts. Islets were modified with biotin following efficient engineering with SA-FasL protein that persisted on the surface of islets for >1 wk in vitro. SA-FasL-engineered islet grafts established euglycemia in chemically diabetic syngeneic mice indefinitely, demonstrating functionality and lack of acute toxicity. Most importantly, the transplantation of SA-FasL-engineered BALB/c islet grafts in conjunction with a short course of rapamycin treatment resulted in robust localized tolerance in 100% of C57BL/6 recipients. Tolerance was initiated and maintained by CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells, as their depletion early during tolerance induction or late after established tolerance resulted in prompt graft rejection. Furthermore, Treg cells sorted from graft-draining lymph nodes, but not spleen, of long-term graft recipients prevented the rejection of unmodified allogeneic islets in an adoptive transfer model, further confirming the Treg role in established tolerance. Engineering islets ex vivo in a rapid and efficient manner to display on their surface immunomodulatory proteins represents a novel, safe, and clinically applicable approach with important implications for the treatment of type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma S Yolcu
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Hong Zhao
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Laura Bandura-Morgan
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Chantale Lacelle
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Kyle B Woodward
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Nadir Askenasy
- Frankel Laboratory of Experimental Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Israel
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, KY 40202
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48
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Current state of type 1 diabetes immunotherapy: incremental advances, huge leaps, or more of the same? Clin Dev Immunol 2011; 2011:432016. [PMID: 21785616 PMCID: PMC3139873 DOI: 10.1155/2011/432016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thus far, none of the preclinically successful and promising immunomodulatory agents for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has conferred stable, long-term insulin independence to diabetic patients. The majority of these immunomodulators are humanised antibodies that target immune cells or cytokines. These as well as fusion proteins and inhibitor proteins all share varying adverse event occurrence and severity. Other approaches have included intact putative autoantigens or autoantigen peptides. Considerable logistical outlays have been deployed to develop and to translate humanised antibodies targeting immune cells, cytokines, and cytokine receptors to the clinic. Very recent phase III trials with the leading agent, a humanised anti-CD3 antibody, call into question whether further development of these biologics represents a step forward or more of the same. Combination therapies of one or more of these humanised antibodies are also being considered, and they face identical, if not more serious, impediments and safety issues. This paper will highlight the preclinical successes and the excitement generated by phase II trials while offering alternative possibilities and new translational avenues that can be explored given the very recent disappointment in leading agents in more advanced clinical trials.
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Dendritic cells transfected with PD-L1 recombinant adenovirus induces T cell suppression and long-term acceptance of allograft transplantation. Cell Immunol 2011; 271:73-7. [PMID: 21855860 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess the potential of dendritic cells transfected with PD-L1 recombinant adenovirus induces CD8+ T cell suppression and kidney allograft tolerance. To prove it, DCs transfected with PD-L1 recombinant adenovirus (DC/Ad-PD-L1) were transferred into the MHC-mismatched rat kidney transplants. After kidney transplantation, the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay and kidney function were analyzed. The results demonstrated that after administration of DC/Ad-PD-L1, the proliferation, cytokines secretion and activation marker expression of CD8+ T cells were suppressed. In addition, DC/Ad-PD-L1 could improve kidney function and survival of transplants. The findings suggested that DC/Ad-PD-L1 could induce CD8+ T cell tolerance and lead to kidney allograft tolerance, which provided a promising finding for clinical application.
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50
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Schütz C, Hoves S, Halbritter D, Zhang HG, Mountz JD, Fleck M. Alloantigen specific deletion of primary human T cells by Fas ligand (CD95L)-transduced monocyte-derived killer-dendritic cells. Immunology 2011; 133:115-22. [PMID: 21342185 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2011.03417.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have been performed in vitro and in various animal models to modulate the interaction of dendritic cells (DC) and T cells by Fas (CD95/Apo-1) signalling to delete activated T cells via induction of activation-induced cell death (AICD). Previously, we could demonstrate that Fas ligand (FasL/CD95L)-expressing 'killer-antigen-presenting cells' can be generated from human monocyte-derived mature DC (mDC) using adenoviral gene transfer. To evaluate whether these FasL-expressing mDC (mDC-FasL) could eliminate alloreactive primary human T cells in vitro, co-culture experiments were performed. Proliferation of human T cells was markedly reduced in primary co-cultures with allogeneic mDC-FasL, whereas a strong proliferative T-cell response could be observed in co-cultures with enhanced green fluorescent protein-transduced mDC. Inhibition of T-cell proliferation was related to the transduction efficiency, and the numbers of mDC-FasL present in co-cultures. In addition, proliferation of pre-activated alloreactive CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells could be almost completely inhibited in secondary co-cultures using mDC-FasL as stimulatory cells, which was the result of induction of apoptosis in the majority of preactivated T cells. The specific deletion of alloreactive T cells by mDC-FasL was confirmed by an unaffected proliferative response of surviving T cells towards allogeneic 'third-party' peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a third stimulation, or upon unspecific stimulation with anti-CD3/CD28 beads. The results of this study demonstrate that allospecifically activated T cells are efficiently eliminated by mDC-FasL, supporting further investigations to apply FasL-expressing 'killer-DC' as a novel strategy for the treatment of allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schütz
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Medical Centre Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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