1
|
Wu Y, Liu H, Sun Z, Liu J, Li K, Fan R, Dai F, Tang H, Hou Q, Li J, Tang X. The adhesion-GPCR ADGRF5 fuels breast cancer progression by suppressing the MMP8-mediated antitumorigenic effects. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:455. [PMID: 38937435 PMCID: PMC11211477 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06855-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
ADGRF5 (GPR116) has been identified as a facilitator of breast cancer cell migration and metastasis, yet the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Our current study reveals that the absence of ADGRF5 in breast cancer cells impairs extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated cell motility and impedes in vivo tumor growth. This correlates with heightened expression of matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP8), a well-characterized antitumorigenic MMP, and a shift in the polarization of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) towards the antitumor N1 phenotype in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Mechanistically, ADGRF5 inhibits ERK1/2 activity by enhancing RhoA activation, leading to decreased phosphorylation of C/EBPβ at Thr235, hindering its nuclear translocation and subsequent activation. Crucially, two C/EBPβ binding motifs essential for MMP8 transcription are identified within its promoter region. Consequently, ADGRF5 silencing fosters MMP8 expression and CXCL8 secretion, attracting increased infiltration of TANs; simultaneously, MMP8 plays a role in decorin cleavage, which leads to trapped-inactivation of TGF-β in the TME, thereby polarizing TANs towards the antitumor N1 neutrophil phenotype and mitigating TGF-β-enhanced cell motility in breast cancer. Our findings reveal a novel connection between ADGRF5, an adhesion G protein-coupled receptor, and the orchestration of the TME, which dictates malignancy progression. Overall, the data underscore ADGRF5 as a promising therapeutic target for breast cancer intervention.
Collapse
Grants
- 82372645 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 81972602 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82002716 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82273497 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 81502331 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- The Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (grant nos. 2023JJ20021), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (521119200099, 541109030051).
- The Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (grant nos.2024JJ6490)
- Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (222300420029), Program for Science and Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province (23HASTIT042).
- The Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, (2019KTSCX146), the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20190808164209301), the Shenzhen Scientific Research Foundation for Excellent Returned Scholars (000493), the Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen University General Hospital (SUGH2020QD005), the Disciple gathering teaching project of Shenzhen University, the Shenzhen Key Laboratory Foundation (ZDSYS20200811143757022), the Teaching Reform Research Project of Shenzhen University (YXBJG202339), and the Shenzhen International Cooperation Research Project (GJHZ20220913143004008).
- The Wisdom Accumulation and Talent Cultivation Project of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (YX202105), Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant Nos. 2021JJ31010).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Huixia Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jieling Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Kai Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ronghui Fan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Fujun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637003, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Hou
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518061, China
| | - JinSong Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fawzy RM, Abdel-Aziz AA, Bassiouny K, Fayed AM. Phytocompounds-based therapeutic approach: Investigating curcumin and green tea extracts on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2024; 22:100339. [PMID: 38494270 PMCID: PMC10980874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2023.100339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) has transcended lung cancer as the most common cancer in the world. Due to the disease's aggressiveness, rapid growth, and heterogeneity, it is crucial to investigate different therapeutic approaches for treatment. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Plant-based therapeutics continue to be utilized as safe/non-toxic complementary or alternative treatments for cancer, even in developed countries, regardless of how cutting-edge conventional therapies are. Despite their low bioavailability, curcumin (CUR) and green tea (GT) represent safer therapeutic options. Due to their potent molecular-modulating properties on various cancer-related molecules and signaling pathways, they are considered gold-standard therapeutic agents and have been incorporated into the development of one or more therapeutic strategies of BC treatment. METHODS We investigated the modulatory role of CUR and GT extracts on significant multi molecular targets in MCF-7 BC cell line to assess their potential as BC multi-targeting agents. We analyzed the phytocompounds in GT leaves using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. The mRNA expression levels of Raf-1, Telomerase, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-8 (IL-8) genes in MCF-7 cells were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The cytotoxicity of the extracts was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the released Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a valuable marker for identifying the programmed necrosis (necroptosis). Additionally, the concentrations of the necroptosis-related proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-8) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS In contrast to the GT, the results showed the anticancer and cytotoxic properties of CUR against MCF-7 cells, with a relatively higher level of released LDH. The CUR extract downregulated the oncogenic Raf-1, suppressed the Telomerase and upregulated the TNF-α and IL-8 genes. Results from the ELISA showed a notable increase in IL-8 and TNF-α cytokines levels after CUR treatment, which culminated after 72 h. CONCLUSIONS Among both extracts, only CUR effectively modulated the understudy molecular targets, achieving multi-targeting anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells. Moreover, the applied dosage significantly increased levels of the proinflammatory cytokines, which represent a component of the cytokines-targeting-based therapeutic strategy. However, further investigations are recommended to validate this therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radwa M Fawzy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt.
| | - Amal A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Khalid Bassiouny
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Aysam M Fayed
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Di Ceglie I, Carnevale S, Rigatelli A, Grieco G, Molisso P, Jaillon S. Immune cell networking in solid tumors: focus on macrophages and neutrophils. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1341390. [PMID: 38426089 PMCID: PMC10903099 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is composed of tumor cells, stromal cells and leukocytes, including innate and adaptive immune cells, and represents an ecological niche that regulates tumor development and progression. In general, inflammatory cells are considered to contribute to tumor progression through various mechanisms, including the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Macrophages and neutrophils are important components of the tumor microenvironment and can act as a double-edged sword, promoting or inhibiting the development of the tumor. Targeting of the immune system is emerging as an important therapeutic strategy for cancer patients. However, the efficacy of the various immunotherapies available is still limited. Given the crucial importance of the crosstalk between macrophages and neutrophils and other immune cells in the formation of the anti-tumor immune response, targeting these interactions may represent a promising therapeutic approach against cancer. Here we will review the current knowledge of the role played by macrophages and neutrophils in cancer, focusing on their interaction with other immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Giovanna Grieco
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Piera Molisso
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastien Jaillon
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tsioumpekou M, Krijgsman D, Leusen JHW, Olofsen PA. The Role of Cytokines in Neutrophil Development, Tissue Homing, Function and Plasticity in Health and Disease. Cells 2023; 12:1981. [PMID: 37566060 PMCID: PMC10417597 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are crucial innate immune cells and comprise 50-70% of the white blood cell population under homeostatic conditions. Upon infection and in cancer, blood neutrophil numbers significantly increase because of the secretion of various chemo- and cytokines by, e.g., leukocytes, pericytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells present in the inflamed tissue or in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The function of neutrophils in cancer has recently gained considerable attention, as they can exert both pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions, dependent on the cytokine milieu present in the TME. Here, we review the effect of cytokines on neutrophil development, tissue homing, function and plasticity in cancer and autoimmune diseases as well as under physiological conditions in the bone marrow, bloodstream and various organs like the spleen, kidney, liver, lung and lymph nodes. In addition, we address several promising therapeutic options, such as cytokine therapy, immunocytokines and immunotherapy, which aim to exploit the anti-tumorigenic potential of neutrophils in cancer treatment or block excessive neutrophil-mediated inflammation in autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsioumpekou
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.T.); (D.K.); (J.H.W.L.)
| | - Daniëlle Krijgsman
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.T.); (D.K.); (J.H.W.L.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanette H. W. Leusen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.T.); (D.K.); (J.H.W.L.)
| | - Patricia A. Olofsen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.T.); (D.K.); (J.H.W.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cambier S, Gouwy M, Proost P. The chemokines CXCL8 and CXCL12: molecular and functional properties, role in disease and efforts towards pharmacological intervention. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:217-251. [PMID: 36725964 PMCID: PMC9890491 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-00974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are an indispensable component of our immune system through the regulation of directional migration and activation of leukocytes. CXCL8 is the most potent human neutrophil-attracting chemokine and plays crucial roles in the response to infection and tissue injury. CXCL8 activity inherently depends on interaction with the human CXC chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2, the atypical chemokine receptor ACKR1, and glycosaminoglycans. Furthermore, (hetero)dimerization and tight regulation of transcription and translation, as well as post-translational modifications further fine-tune the spatial and temporal activity of CXCL8 in the context of inflammatory diseases and cancer. The CXCL8 interaction with receptors and glycosaminoglycans is therefore a promising target for therapy, as illustrated by multiple ongoing clinical trials. CXCL8-mediated neutrophil mobilization to blood is directly opposed by CXCL12, which retains leukocytes in bone marrow. CXCL12 is primarily a homeostatic chemokine that induces migration and activation of hematopoietic progenitor cells, endothelial cells, and several leukocytes through interaction with CXCR4, ACKR1, and ACKR3. Thereby, it is an essential player in the regulation of embryogenesis, hematopoiesis, and angiogenesis. However, CXCL12 can also exert inflammatory functions, as illustrated by its pivotal role in a growing list of pathologies and its synergy with CXCL8 and other chemokines to induce leukocyte chemotaxis. Here, we review the plethora of information on the CXCL8 structure, interaction with receptors and glycosaminoglycans, different levels of activity regulation, role in homeostasis and disease, and therapeutic prospects. Finally, we discuss recent research on CXCL12 biochemistry and biology and its role in pathology and pharmacology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seppe Cambier
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Gouwy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The pro-tumorigenic responses in metastatic niches: an immunological perspective. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:333-344. [PMID: 36136272 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02950-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of mortality related to cancer. In the course of metastasis, cancer cells detach from the primary tumor, enter the circulation, extravasate at secondary sites, and colonize there. All of these steps are rate limiting and decrease the efficiency of metastasis. Prior to their arrival, tumor cells can modify the secondary sites. These favorable microenvironments increase the probability of successful dissemination and are referred to as pre-metastatic niches. Cancer cells use different mechanisms to induce and maintain these niches, among which immune cells play prominent roles. The immune system, including innate and adaptive, enhances recruitment, extravasation, and colonization of tumor cells at distant sites. In addition to immune cells, stromal cells can also contribute to forming pre-metastatic niches. This review summarizes the pro-metastatic responses conducted by immune cells and the assistance of stromal cells and endothelial cells in the induction of pre-metastatic niches.
Collapse
|
7
|
Immune Tumor Microenvironment in Ovarian Cancer Ascites. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810692. [PMID: 36142615 PMCID: PMC9504085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) has a specific type of metastasis, via transcoelomic, and most of the patients are diagnosed at advanced stages with multiple tumors spread within the peritoneal cavity. The role of Malignant Ascites (MA) is to serve as a transporter of tumor cells from the primary location to the peritoneal wall or to the surface of the peritoneal organs. MA comprise cellular components with tumor and non-tumor cells and acellular components, creating a unique microenvironment capable of modifying the tumor behavior. These microenvironment factors influence tumor cell proliferation, progression, chemoresistance, and immune evasion, suggesting that MA play an active role in OC progression. Tumor cells induce a complex immune suppression that neutralizes antitumor immunity, leading to disease progression and treatment failure, provoking a tumor-promoting environment. In this review, we will focus on the High-Grade Serous Carcinoma (HGSC) microenvironment with special attention to the tumor microenvironment immunology.
Collapse
|
8
|
Dansonka-Mieszkowska A, Szafron LA, Kulesza M, Stachurska A, Leszczynski P, Tomczyk-Szatkowska A, Sobiczewski P, Parada J, Kulinczak M, Moes-Sosnowska J, Pienkowska-Grela B, Kupryjanczyk J, Chechlinska M, Szafron LM. PROM1, CXCL8, RUNX1, NAV1 and TP73 genes as independent markers predictive of prognosis or response to treatment in two cohorts of high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271539. [PMID: 35867729 PMCID: PMC9307210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the vast biological diversity and high mortality rate in high-grade ovarian cancers, identification of novel biomarkers, enabling precise diagnosis and effective, less aggravating treatment, is of paramount importance. Based on scientific literature data, we selected 80 cancer-related genes and evaluated their mRNA expression in 70 high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) samples by Real-Time qPCR. The results were validated in an independent Northern American cohort of 85 HGSOC patients with publicly available NGS RNA-seq data. Detailed statistical analyses of our cohort with multivariate Cox and logistic regression models considering clinico-pathological data and different TP53 mutation statuses, revealed an altered expression of 49 genes to affect the prognosis and/or treatment response. Next, these genes were investigated in the validation cohort, to confirm the clinical significance of their expression alterations, and to identify genetic variants with an expected high or moderate impact on their products. The expression changes of five genes, PROM1, CXCL8, RUNX1, NAV1, TP73, were found to predict prognosis or response to treatment in both cohorts, depending on the TP53 mutation status. In addition, we revealed novel and confirmed known SNPs in these genes, and showed that SNPs in the PROM1 gene correlated with its elevated expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Cancer Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Laura Aleksandra Szafron
- Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kulesza
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Cancer Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Stachurska
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Cancer Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Leszczynski
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Cancer Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tomczyk-Szatkowska
- Department of Cancer Pathomorphology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Sobiczewski
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Parada
- Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kulinczak
- Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Moes-Sosnowska
- Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Pienkowska-Grela
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Cancer Pathomorphology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chechlinska
- Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Michal Szafron
- Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Surendran V, Rutledge D, Colmon R, Chandrasekaran A. A novel tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME)-on-Chip mimics three dimensional neutrophil-tumor dynamics and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)-mediated collective tumor invasion. Biofabrication 2021; 13:10.1088/1758-5090/abe1cf. [PMID: 33524968 PMCID: PMC8990531 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abe1cf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of leukocytes in the blood, traditionally regarded as the first immune responders to infections and inflammations. In the context of tumors, neutrophils have been shown to possess both tumor-promoting and tumor-limiting properties. A better understanding of the inter-cellular dynamics between the neutrophils and aggregated tumors could possibly shed light on the different modalities of neutrophil involvement in tumor progression. To studyin-vitrothe interactional dynamics of neutrophils and growing tumor aggregates, in this work, we engineered a novel, microfluidics-integrated, three-dimensional (3D) tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME)-on-Chip device, and we investigated the effect of neutrophils on the inception of collective 3D invasion of ovarian tumor cells. Herein, tumor spheroids generated and cultured on hydrogel based multi-microwell plates, and embedded within collagen matrix of defined thickness, were magnetically hybrid-integrated with a 3D bioprinting enabled microfluidic system fabricated on a porous membrane and carrying neutrophils. This setting recreated a typical TIMEin-vitroto model dynamic neutrophil migration and 3D tumor invasion. Using this device, we observed that neutrophils respond to the growing tumor spheroids through both chemotaxis and generation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The formation of NETs stimulated the reciprocation of tumor cells from their aggregated state to collectively invade into the surrounding collagen matrix, in a manner more significant compared to their response to known tumor-derived stimulants such as transforming growth factor and Interleukin- 8. This effect was reversed by drug-induced inhibition of NETs formation, suggesting that induction of NETs by cancer cells could be a pro-migratory tumor behavior. Further, we additionally report a previously unidentified, location-dictated mechanism of NETosis, in which NETs formation within the stromal extracellular collagen matrix around the spheroids, and not tumor-contacted NETs, is important for the induction of collective invasion of the ovarian tumor cells, thus providing a rationale for new anti-tumor therapeutics research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Surendran
- Bioinspired Microengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological and Bio Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro 27411, United States of America
| | - Dylan Rutledge
- Bioinspired Microengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological and Bio Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro 27411, United States of America
| | - Ramair Colmon
- Bioinspired Microengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological and Bio Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro 27411, United States of America
| | - Arvind Chandrasekaran
- Bioinspired Microengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological and Bio Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro 27411, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu J, Piazza A, Sparks S, Hind LE, Niles DJ, Ingram PN, Huang W, Ricke WA, Jarrard DF, Huttenlocher A, Basu H, Beebe DJ. A reconfigurable microscale assay enables insights into cancer-associated fibroblast modulation of immune cell recruitment. Integr Biol (Camb) 2021; 13:87-97. [PMID: 33822934 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune cell infiltration into neoplastic tissue is the first line of defense against cancer and can play a deterministic role in tumor progression. Here, we describe a series of assays, using a reconfigurable microscale assay platform (i.e. Stacks), which allows the study of immune cell infiltration in vitro with spatiotemporal manipulations. We assembled Stacks assays to investigate tumor-monocyte interactions, re-education of activated macrophages, and neutrophil infiltration. For the first time in vitro, the Stacks infiltration assays reveal that primary tumor-associated fibroblasts from specific patients differ from that associated with the benign region of the prostate in their ability to limit neutrophil infiltration as well as facilitate monocyte adhesion and anti-inflammatory monocyte polarization. These results show that fibroblasts play a regulatory role in immune cell infiltration and that Stacks has the potential to predict individual patients' cancer-immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaquan Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Koch Institute For Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA 02142, USA
| | - Amber Piazza
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USAUSA
| | - Sidney Sparks
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Laurel E Hind
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - David J Niles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Patrick N Ingram
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, WI 53706, USA
| | - William A Ricke
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David F Jarrard
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Hirak Basu
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David J Beebe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Petrucci GN, Lobo L, Queiroga F, Martins J, Prada J, Pires I, Henriques J. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is an independent prognostic marker for feline mammary carcinomas. Vet Comp Oncol 2021; 19:482-491. [PMID: 33576562 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Blood leukocyte counts and respective derived ratios have been described as potential prognostic markers in several tumours in veterinary oncology. This study aimed to evaluate peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as prognostic factors for feline mammary carcinomas (FMC). Medical records from cats diagnosed with FMC between 2017 to 2019 were reviewed. Cats were included if fully staged, classified as WHO stage I to III, and submitted to mastectomy. Cats were excluded if they had evidence of other diseases. Forty-nine cats were included. The study endpoints were disease-free interval (DFI) and tumour-specific survival (TSS). The median DFI and TSS were 389 days and 528 days respectively. In the univariate analysis, higher values of total white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil count (NEU) and NLR were identified as significant prognostic factors for both endpoints (P < .05). On the multivariate analysis, NLR remained an independent prognostic factor for TSS (P = .024). In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the estimated cut-off for WBC was 8.49 × 109 /L (DFI and TSS); for NEU was 4.62 × 109 /L (DFI) and 6.65 × 109 /L (TSS) and for NLR was 2.46. These cut-offs were significant prognostic factors for DFI and TSS (P < .05). NLR cut-off remained an independent prognostic factor for both DFI (P = .032) and TSS (P = .043) in the multivariable analysis. Our results suggest that NLR, NEU, and WBC can be important non-invasive presurgical prognostic markers, and that NLR is an independent prognostic marker for FMC. Prospective studies are warranted to validate its clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luís Lobo
- Hospital Veterinário do Porto, Onevet Group, Porto, Portugal.,CECA, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Felisbina Queiroga
- CITAB, Centro de Investigação e Tecnologias Agroambientais e Biológicas, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José Martins
- Hospital Veterinário Berna, Onevet Group, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Justina Prada
- CECAV, Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pires
- CECAV, Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Díaz-Carballo D, Saka S, Acikelli AH, Homp E, Erwes J, Demmig R, Klein J, Schröer K, Malak S, D'Souza F, Noa-Bolaño A, Menze S, Pano E, Andrioff S, Teipel M, Dammann P, Klein D, Nasreen A, Tannapfel A, Grandi N, Tramontano E, Ochsenfarth C, Strumberg D. Enhanced antitumoral activity of TLR7 agonists via activation of human endogenous retroviruses by HDAC inhibitors. Commun Biol 2021; 4:276. [PMID: 33658617 PMCID: PMC7930250 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01800-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we are reporting that "Shock and Kill", a therapeutic approach designed to eliminate latent HIV from cell reservoirs, is extrapolatable to cancer therapy. This is based on the observation that malignant cells express a spectrum of human endogenous retroviral elements (HERVs) which can be transcriptionally boosted by HDAC inhibitors. The endoretroviral gene HERV-V2 codes for an envelope protein, which resembles syncytins. It is significantly overexpressed upon exposure to HDAC inhibitors and can be effectively targeted by simultaneous application of TLR7/8 agonists, triggering intrinsic apoptosis. We demonstrated that this synergistic cytotoxic effect was accompanied by the functional disruption of the TLR7/8-NFκB, Akt/PKB, and Ras-MEK-ERK signalling pathways. CRISPR/Cas9 ablation of TLR7 and HERV-V1/V2 curtailed apoptosis significantly, proving the pivotal role of these elements in driving cell death. The effectiveness of this new approach was confirmed in ovarian tumour xenograft studies, revealing a promising avenue for future cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Díaz-Carballo
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany.
| | - Sahitya Saka
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Ali H Acikelli
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Homp
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Julia Erwes
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Rebecca Demmig
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Klein
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröer
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Sascha Malak
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Flevy D'Souza
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Adrien Noa-Bolaño
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Saskia Menze
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Emilio Pano
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Swetlana Andrioff
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Marc Teipel
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Philip Dammann
- Central Animal Laboratory, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Diana Klein
- Institute of Cell Biology, Cancer Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Amber Nasreen
- Visceral Surgery Department, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum Medical School, Herne, Germany
| | | | - Nicole Grandi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Crista Ochsenfarth
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care, Pain and Palliative Medicine, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum Medical School, Herne, Germany
| | - Dirk Strumberg
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Institute of Molecular Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Impaired capillary tube formation induced by elevated secretion of IL8 involves altered signaling via the CXCR1/PI3K/MMP2 pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:601-610. [PMID: 33411234 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a multistep process requiring endothelial cell activation, migration, proliferation and tube formation. We recently reported that elevated secretion of interlukin 8 (IL8) by myotubes (MT) from subjects with Type-2 Diabetes (T2D) reduced angiogenesis by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human skeletal muscle explants. This lower vascularization was mediated through impaired activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-pathway. We sought to investigate additional signaling elements that might mediate reduced angiogenesis. HUVEC were exposed to levels of IL8 equal to those secreted by MT from non-diabetic (ND) and T2D subjects and the involvement of components in the angiogenic response pathway examined. Cellular content of reactive oxygen species and Nitrate secretion were similar after treatment with [ND-IL8] and [T2D-IL8]. CXCR1 protein was down-regulated after treatment with [T2D-IL8] (p < 0.01 vs [ND-IL8] treatment); CXCR2 expression was unaltered. Addition of neutralizing antibodies against CXCR1 and CXCR2 to HUVEC treated with IL8 confirmed that CXCR1 alone mediated the angiogenic response to IL8. A key modulator of angiogenesis is matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2). MMP2 secretion was higher after treatment with [ND-IL8] vs [T2D-IL8] (p < 0.01). MMP2 inhibition reduced tube formation to greater extent with [ND-IL8] than with [T2D-IL8] (p < 0.005). The PI3K-pathway inhibitor LY294002 reduced IL8-induced MMP2 release. IL8 regulation of MMP2 release was CXCR1 dependent, as anti-CXCR1 significantly reduced MMP2 release (p < 0.05). These results suggest that high levels of IL8 secreted by T2D MT trigger reduced capillarization via lower activation of a CXCR1-PI3K pathway, followed by impaired release and activity of MMP2.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lopez-Labady J, Bologna-Molina R, Villarroel-Dorrego M. Expression of Interleukin-1ß and Interleukin-8 in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Carcinomas. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2021; 2:649406. [PMID: 35048001 PMCID: PMC8757690 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.649406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) epithelial expressions in potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa as malignant predictive markers. Study design: About 55 tissues embedded in paraffin, comprising 15 oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions, 15 leukoplakias, 15 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), and 10 samples of normal oral mucosa were included in the study. IL-1ß and 8 expressions were assessed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies antihuman IL-1ß human (sc-7884, Santa Cruz® H-153) and antihuman IL-8 (ab7747, abcam®). The number of positive cells was compared using Student's t-test. Any p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Nuclear and cytoplasmatic keratinocyte staining were positive for both cytokines in all study groups. However, a statistically significant decrease was observed within all cases compared to normal mucosa, both staining for IL-1β and 8. Moreover, IL-8 showed significant differences between OLP and leukoplakia, and when compared to OSCC. Conclusions: Oral epithelial expression of IL-1β and 8 seems to decrease when the malignant transformation of the oral mucosa increases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronell Bologna-Molina
- Molecular Pathology Area, School of Dentistry, University of the Republic, Uruguay University of the Republic (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariana Villarroel-Dorrego
- Oral Histopathology Laboratory, Dental School, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
- *Correspondence: Mariana Villarroel-Dorrego
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tumour-associated neutrophils orchestrate intratumoural IL-8-driven immune evasion through Jagged2 activation in ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:1404-1416. [PMID: 32778818 PMCID: PMC7591527 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-1026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumour associated neutrophils (TANs) play a controversial role in regulating immune surveillance and immune evasion in various malignancies. Here, we investigated the relevance of TANs with the prognosis and immune microenvironment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods We characterised TANs using flow cytometric analysis and immunofluorescence analysis. The prognostic merit of TANs in EOC was evaluated using cox regression analysis. Furthermore, we explored the therapeutic merit of targeting Notch signalling in EOC and determined its involvement in the immune microenvironment. Results High level of TANs is associated with a dismal prognosis and immune tolerance in EOC. TANs impaired cytotoxic effects of CD8+ T cells partly through Jagged2 (JAG2). Notch pathway blocked using γ-secretase inhibitor LY3039478 and anti-JAG2 antibody led to retarded tumour growth and augmented cytotoxic effects of CD8+ T cells. IL-8 contributes to the recruitment of TANs and the induction of JAG2 expression in TANs. Blockade of CXCR2 signalling reduces tumour growth rate, accompanied by a decreasing amount of TANs and increasing activity of CD8+ T cells. JAG2+TANs is an independent predictor of clinical outcomes. Conclusion JAG2+TANs are closely linked to IL-8-driven immune evasion microenvironment and may serve as a promising therapeutic target for the reinvigoration of anti-tumour immunity.
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang T, Cao L, Dong X, Wu F, De W, Huang L, Wan Q. LINC01116 promotes tumor proliferation and neutrophil recruitment via DDX5-mediated regulation of IL-1β in glioma cell. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:302. [PMID: 32358484 PMCID: PMC7195423 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) are important inflammatory infiltrating cells in the tumor microenvironment and are closely related to the development of human tumor. However, the underlying mechanism of TANs recruiting to glioma remains unknown. Herein, we identified that LINC01116 was significantly upregulated in glioma, and positively correlated with clinical malignancy and survival prognosis. LINC01116 regulated the progression of glioma in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that LINC01116 knockdown affected the expression of IL-1β, which promoted glioma proliferation and neutrophil recruitment. Furthermore, the co-culture of glioma cells and neutrophils showed that the accumulation of TANs promoted tumor proliferation via producing a host of cytokines. Mechanistically, LINC01116 activated IL-1β expression by recruiting the transcriptional regulator DDX5 to the IL-1β promoter. Our findings reveal that LINC01116 can promote glioma proliferation and neutrophil recruitment by regulating IL-1β, and may be served as a novel target for glioma therapy and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lihua Cao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing PuKou Central Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei De
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Elliot A, Myllymäki H, Feng Y. Inflammatory Responses during Tumour Initiation: From Zebrafish Transgenic Models of Cancer to Evidence from Mouse and Man. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041018. [PMID: 32325966 PMCID: PMC7226149 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish is now an important model organism for cancer biology studies and provides unique and complementary opportunities in comparison to the mammalian equivalent. The translucency of zebrafish has allowed in vivo live imaging studies of tumour initiation and progression at the cellular level, providing novel insights into our understanding of cancer. Here we summarise the available transgenic zebrafish tumour models and discuss what we have gleaned from them with respect to cancer inflammation. In particular, we focus on the host inflammatory response towards transformed cells during the pre-neoplastic stage of tumour development. We discuss features of tumour-associated macrophages and neutrophils in mammalian models and present evidence that supports the idea that these inflammatory cells promote early stage tumour development and progression. Direct live imaging of tumour initiation in zebrafish models has shown that the intrinsic inflammation induced by pre-neoplastic cells is tumour promoting. Signals mediating leukocyte recruitment to pre-neoplastic cells in zebrafish correspond to the signals that mediate leukocyte recruitment in mammalian tumours. The activation state of macrophages and neutrophils recruited to pre-neoplastic cells in zebrafish appears to be heterogenous, as seen in mammalian models, which provides an opportunity to study the plasticity of innate immune cells during tumour initiation. Although several potential mechanisms are described that might mediate the trophic function of innate immune cells during tumour initiation in zebrafish, there are several unknowns that are yet to be resolved. Rapid advancement of genetic tools and imaging technologies for zebrafish will facilitate research into the mechanisms that modulate leukocyte function during tumour initiation and identify targets for cancer prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Feng
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)131-242-6685
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Correlates with Favorable Overall Survival in High Grade Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020505. [PMID: 32098278 PMCID: PMC7072166 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is still a question of debate whether neutrophils, often found in the tumor microenvironment, mediate tumor-promoting or rather tumor-inhibiting activities. The present study focuses on the involvement of neutrophils in high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Macroscopic features classify two types of peritoneal tumor spread in HGSOC. Widespread and millet sized lesions characterize the miliary type, while non-miliary metastases are larger and associated with better prognosis. Multi-omics and FACS data were generated from ascites samples. Integrated data analysis demonstrates a significant increase of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)-associated molecules in non-miliary ascites samples. A co-association network analysis performed with the ascites data further revealed a striking correlation between NETosis-associated metabolites and several eicosanoids. The congruence of data generated from primary neutrophils with ascites analyses indicates the predominance of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX)-independent NETosis. NETosis is associated with protein S100A8/A9 release. An increase of the S100A8/CRP abundance ratio was found to correlate with favorable survival of HGSOC patients. The analysis of additional five independent proteome studies with regard to S100A8/CRP ratios confirmed this observation. In conclusion, NET formation seems to relate with better cancer patient outcome.
Collapse
|
19
|
Magri A, Oliveira MR, Baldo C, Tischer CA, Sartori D, Mantovani MS, Celligoi MAPC. Production of fructooligosaccharides by Bacillus subtilis natto CCT7712 and their antiproliferative potential. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 128:1414-1426. [PMID: 31891438 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Fructooligosaccharides (FOSs) known for their health properties and β-(2→6)-levan-type FOSs have shown prebiotic and immunomodulatory activities that overcome those of commercial β-(2→1)-FOSs, but costs do not favour their use. Moreover, FOSs can reach the bloodstream through the diet, and little is known about their direct effect on cells. The aim of this work was to produce high-content FOSs by Bacillus subtilis natto CCT7712 in a bioreactor using commercial sucrose and to evaluate their antiproliferative effects in OVCAR-3 cells. METHODS AND RESULTS FOS production reached 173·60 g l-1 , 0·2 vvm aeration and uncontrolled pH. Levan-type FOSs, composed of β-(2 → 6) links and mainly GF3 (6-nystose), were identified using RMN spectroscopy, FT-IR and ESI-MS. FOSs decreased the viability and proliferation of OVCAR-3 cells, and the effects were associated with an increased pro-inflammatory response by the induction of IL-8 and TNF-α, and the repression of ER-β genes. The metabolic profiles showed disruption of cellular homeostasis that can be associated with a decrease in proliferation. CONCLUSIONS The high production of levan-type FOSs from B. subtilis natto CCT7712 in a bioreactor was achieved, and they showed antiproliferative potential in OVCAR-3 cells. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY FOS could be a good target for future therapeutic studies and commercial use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Magri
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - M R Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - C Baldo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - C A Tischer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - D Sartori
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - M S Mantovani
- Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - M A P C Celligoi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lupi LA, Delella FK, Cucielo MS, Romagnoli GG, Kaneno R, Nunes IDS, Domeniconi RF, Martinez M, Martinez FE, Fávaro WJ, Chuffa LGDA. P-MAPA and Interleukin-12 Reduce Cell Migration/Invasion and Attenuate the Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Inflammatory Response in Ovarian Cancer SKOV-3 Cells: A Preliminary Study. Molecules 2019; 25:E5. [PMID: 31861351 PMCID: PMC6982916 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies have emerged as promising complementary treatments for ovarian cancer (OC), but its effective and direct role on OC cells is unclear. This study examined the combinatory effects of the protein aggregate magnesium-ammonium phospholinoleate-palmitoleate anhydride, known as P-MAPA, and the human recombinant interleukin-12 (hrIL-12) on cell migration/invasion, apoptosis, toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated inflammation, and cytokine/chemokine profile in human OC cell line SKOV-3. P-MAPA and IL-12 showed cancer cell toxicity under low doses after 48 h. Although apoptosis/necrosis and the cell cycle were unchanged by the treatments, P-MAPA enhanced the sensitivity to paclitaxel (PTX) and P-MAPA associated with IL-12 significantly reduced the migratory potential and invasion capacity of SKOV-3 cells. P-MAPA therapy reduced TLR2 immunostaining and the myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), but not the TLR4 levels. Moreover, the combination of P-MAPA with IL-12 attenuated the levels of MyD88, interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB p65). The IL-12 levels were increased and P-MAPA stimulated the secretion of cytokines IL-3, IL-9, IL-10, and chemokines MDC/CCL22 and, regulated on activation, normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES)/CCL5. Conversely, combination therapy reduced the levels of IL-3, IL-9, IL-10, MDC/CCL22, and RANTES/CCL5. Collectively, P-MAPA and IL-12 reduce cell dynamics and effectively target the TLR-related downstream molecules, eliciting a protective effect against chemoresistance. P-MAPA also stimulates the secretion of anti-inflammatory molecules, possibly having an immune response in the OC microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Antonio Lupi
- Department of Anatomy, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil; (L.A.L.); (M.S.C.); (R.F.D.); (F.E.M.)
| | - Flávia Karina Delella
- Department of Morphology, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Maira Smaniotto Cucielo
- Department of Anatomy, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil; (L.A.L.); (M.S.C.); (R.F.D.); (F.E.M.)
| | - Graziela Gorete Romagnoli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil; (G.G.R.); (R.K.)
| | - Ramon Kaneno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil; (G.G.R.); (R.K.)
| | | | - Raquel Fantin Domeniconi
- Department of Anatomy, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil; (L.A.L.); (M.S.C.); (R.F.D.); (F.E.M.)
| | - Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Francisco Eduardo Martinez
- Department of Anatomy, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil; (L.A.L.); (M.S.C.); (R.F.D.); (F.E.M.)
| | - Wagner José Fávaro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, UNICAMP-University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Anatomy, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689 São Paulo, Brazil; (L.A.L.); (M.S.C.); (R.F.D.); (F.E.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Masucci MT, Minopoli M, Carriero MV. Tumor Associated Neutrophils. Their Role in Tumorigenesis, Metastasis, Prognosis and Therapy. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1146. [PMID: 31799175 PMCID: PMC6874146 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor Associated Neutrophils (TANs) are engaged into the tumor microenvironment by cytokines and chemokines, can be distinguished according to their activation and cytokine status and effects on tumor cell growing in N1 and N2 TANs. N1 TANs exert an antitumor activity, by direct or indirect cytotoxicity. N2 TANs stimulate immunosuppression, tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis by DNA instability, or by cytokines and chemokines release. In tumor patients, either a high number of TANs and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) do correlate with poor prognosis, and, so far, TAN counts and NLR can be regarded as biomarkers. Owing to the pivotal role of TANs in stimulating tumor progression, therapeutic strategies to target TANs have been suggested, and two major approaches have been proposed: (a) targeting the CXCL-8/CXCR-1/CXCR-2 axis, thereby blocking TANs or (b) targeting substances produced by polymorpho-nuclear cells that promote tumor growth. Many studies have been accomplished either in vitro and in animal models, whereas clinical studies are restrained, presently, due to the risk of inducing immunosuppression. In this review, we deeply discuss the anti-tumorigenic or pro-tumorigenic activity of TANs. In particular, TANs relevance in tumor prognosis and in vitro therapeutic strategies are widely described. On-going clinical trials, aimed to inhibit neutrophil recruitment into the tumor are also accurately debated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Masucci
- Tumor Progression Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale" IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Minopoli
- Tumor Progression Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale" IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Vincenza Carriero
- Tumor Progression Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale" IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chemotherapy and Inflammatory Cytokine Signalling in Cancer Cells and the Tumour Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1152:173-215. [PMID: 31456184 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-20301-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the result of a cell's acquisition of a variety of biological capabilities or 'hallmarks' as outlined by Hanahan and Weinberg. These include sustained proliferative signalling, the ability to evade growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, and the ability to invade other tissue and metastasize. More recently, the ability to escape immune destruction has been recognized as another important hallmark of tumours. It is suggested that genome instability and inflammation accelerates the acquisition of a variety of the above hallmarks. Inflammation, is a product of the body's response to tissue damage or pathogen invasion. It is required for tissue repair and host defense, but prolonged inflammation can often be the cause for disease. In a cancer patient, it is often unclear whether inflammation plays a protective or deleterious role in disease progression. Chemotherapy drugs can suppress tumour growth but also induce pathways in tumour cells that have been shown experimentally to support tumour progression or, in other cases, encourage an anti-tumour immune response. Thus, with the goal of better understanding the context under which each of these possible outcomes occurs, recent progress exploring chemotherapy-induced inflammatory cytokine production and the effects of cytokines on drug efficacy in the tumour microenvironment will be reviewed. The implications of chemotherapy on host and tumour cytokine pathways and their effect on the treatment of cancer patients will also be discussed.
Collapse
|
23
|
SenGupta S, Subramanian BC, Parent CA. Getting TANned: How the tumor microenvironment drives neutrophil recruitment. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 105:449-462. [PMID: 30549315 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ri0718-282r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The directed migration of neutrophils to sites of injury or infection is mediated by complex networks of chemoattractant-receptor signaling cascades. The recent appreciation of neutrophils as active participants in tumor progression and metastasis has drawn attention to a number of chemokine-receptor systems that may drive their recruitment to tumors. However, the dynamic nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME) along with the phenotypic diversity among tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) call for a more comprehensive approach to understand neutrophil trafficking to tumors. Here, we review recent advances in understanding how guidance cues underlie neutrophil migration to primary and secondary tumor sites. We also discuss how the presence of other myeloid cells, such as functionally diverse subsets of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), can further influence neutrophil accumulation in tumors. Finally, we highlight the importance of hypoxia sensing in localizing TAMs and TANs in the tumor niche and provide a cohesive view on how both myeloid cell types shape TME-associated extracellular matrix organization, which in turn contribute to tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuvasree SenGupta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bhagawat C Subramanian
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Carole A Parent
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
The Role of Inflammation and Inflammatory Mediators in the Development, Progression, Metastasis, and Chemoresistance of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10080251. [PMID: 30061485 PMCID: PMC6116184 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a role in the initiation and development of many types of cancers, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), a type of EOC. There are connections between EOC and both peritoneal and ovulation-induced inflammation. Additionally, EOCs have an inflammatory component that contributes to their progression. At sites of inflammation, epithelial cells are exposed to increased levels of inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species, cytokines, prostaglandins, and growth factors that contribute to increased cell division, and genetic and epigenetic changes. These exposure-induced changes promote excessive cell proliferation, increased survival, malignant transformation, and cancer development. Furthermore, the pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment environment (TME) contributes to EOC metastasis and chemoresistance. In this review we will discuss the roles inflammation and inflammatory mediators play in the development, progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance of EOC.
Collapse
|
25
|
Shaul ME, Fridlender ZG. Cancer-related circulating and tumor-associated neutrophils - subtypes, sources and function. FEBS J 2018; 285:4316-4342. [PMID: 29851227 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the role of neutrophils in cancer biology has been a matter of increasing interest. Many patients with advanced cancer show high levels of neutrophilia, tumor neutrophils are connected to dismal prognosis, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio has been introduced as a significant prognostic factor for survival in many types of cancer. Neutrophils constitute an important portion of the infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, but controversy has long surrounded the function of these cells in the context of cancer. Multiple evidences have shown that neutrophils recruited to the tumor can acquire either protumor or antitumor function. These findings have led to the identification of multiple and heterogeneous neutrophil subsets in the tumor and circulation. In addition, tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) were shown to demonstrate functional plasticity, driven by multiple factors present in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we examine the current knowledge on cancer-related circulating neutrophils, their source and the function of the different subtypes, both mature and immature. We then discuss the pro vs antitumor nature of TANs in cancer, their functional plasticity and the mechanisms that regulate neutrophil recruitment and polarization. Although the vast majority of the knowledge on neutrophils in cancer comes from murine studies, recent work has been done on human cancer-related neutrophils. In the final paragraphs, we expand on the current knowledge regarding the role of neutrophils in human cancer and examine the question whether cancer-related neutrophils (circulating or intratumoral) could be a new possible target for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merav E Shaul
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zvi G Fridlender
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xiu W, Ma J, Lei T, Zhang M, Zhou S. Immunosuppressive effect of bladder cancer on function of dendritic cells involving of Jak2/STAT3 pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:63204-63214. [PMID: 27556503 PMCID: PMC5325357 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Function of dendritic cells (DCs) is impaired by some cancer cells. However, the effect of bladder cancer cell (BCC) on phenotype and function of DCs remains unclear. In this study, healthy human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived DCs were co-cultured with BCC pumc-91 and adriamycin-resistant pumc-91/ADM. The expression of DC markers and costimulatory molecules decreased after co-culture. Co-cultured DCs rapidly underwent apoptosis, and had a declined capability to produce IL-8 and RANTES. Furthermore, co-cultured DCs showed impaired allogeneic T cell proliferation and T cell-derived cytokine secretion. Finally, AG490, a Jak2/STAT3 inhibitor, restored the expression of DC markers and costimulatory molecules. Of note, compared with control DCs, DCs co-cultured with pumc-91 produced more IP-10; DCs co-cultured with pumc-91/ADM secreted more MIG. Taken together, these results suggest BCC may inhibit maturation and function of DCs involving of Jak2/STAT3 pathway, and there may be different mechanisms by which adriamycin-resistant BCC restrains DC function in antitumor immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Xiu
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Ma
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Shangyan Zhou
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Khazali AS, Clark AM, Wells A. Inflammatory cytokine IL-8/CXCL8 promotes tumour escape from hepatocyte-induced dormancy. Br J Cancer 2017; 118:566-576. [PMID: 29169181 PMCID: PMC5830588 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancers can recur after a long latency period following ‘successful’ primary treatments. Chronic inflammation significantly correlates with reduced diseased-free survival in breast cancer patients and could be a point of intervention to prevent recurrence. Liver is among the main sites of breast cancer recurrence. Thus, we hypothesise that inflammatory signals from hepatic stellate cells, the major inflammatory regulators in the sinusoid, could stimulate dormant cancer cells to emerge. Methods: We utilise in vitro co-culture of breast cancer cells with stellate cells and an ex vivo 3D human liver micro-physiologic system to identify stellate cells-derived factors that mediate tumour emergence. Results: Activated, but not quiescent, hepatic stellate cells secreted soluble factors to induce the proliferation of MCF7 and MDA-MB231 cancer cells. IL-8 and MCP-1 were highly secreted by the activated stellate cells and primary human non-parenchymal cells. IL-8 significantly reduced serum-starvation growth arrest on MDA-MB231 cells in vitro and increased cancer proliferation ex vivo. Blocking IL-8Rb/CXCR2 reduced IL-8-induced cancer growth and proliferation. Conclusions: Activated stellate cells can induce breast cancer emergence from dormancy in the liver by secreting inflammatory cytokines. Preventing liver inflammation or disrupting the subsequent key cytokines may prevent metastatic outgrowth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad S Khazali
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Amanda M Clark
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Alan Wells
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,Pittsburgh VA Health System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Desired Turbulence? Gut-Lung Axis, Immunity, and Lung Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2017; 2017:5035371. [PMID: 29075294 PMCID: PMC5623803 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5035371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The microbiota includes different microorganisms consisting of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa distributed over many human body surfaces including the skin, vagina, gut, and airways, with the highest density found in the intestine. The gut microbiota strongly influences our metabolic, endocrine, and immune systems, as well as both the peripheral and central nervous systems. Recently, a dialogue between the gut and lung microbiota has been discovered, suggesting that changes in one compartment could impact the other compartment, whether in relation to microbial composition or function. Further, this bidirectional axis is evidenced in an, either beneficial or malignant, altered immune response in one compartment following changes in the other compartment. Stimulation of the immune system arises from the microbial cells themselves, but also from their metabolites. It can be either direct or mediated by stimulated immune cells in one site impacting the other site. Additionally, this interaction may lead to immunological boost, assisting the innate immune system in its antitumour response. Thus, this review offers an insight into the composition of these sites, the gut and the lung, their role in shaping the immune system, and, finally, their role in the response to lung cancer.
Collapse
|
29
|
Ramadass M, Catz SD. Molecular mechanisms regulating secretory organelles and endosomes in neutrophils and their implications for inflammation. Immunol Rev 2017; 273:249-65. [PMID: 27558339 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils constitute the first line of cellular defense against invading microorganisms and modulate the subsequent innate and adaptive immune responses. In order to execute a rapid and precise response to infections, neutrophils rely on preformed effector molecules stored in a variety of intracellular granules. Neutrophil granules contain microbicidal factors, the membrane-bound components of the respiratory burst oxidase, membrane-bound adhesion molecules, and receptors that facilitate the execution of all neutrophil functions including adhesion, transmigration, phagocytosis, degranulation, and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. The rapid mobilization of intracellular organelles is regulated by vesicular trafficking mechanisms controlled by effector molecules that include small GTPases and their interacting proteins. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries of mechanistic processes that are at center stage of the regulation of neutrophil function, highlighting the discrete and selective pathways controlled by trafficking modulators. In particular, we describe novel pathways controlled by the Rab27a effectors JFC1 and Munc13-4 in the regulation of degranulation, reactive oxygen species and neutrophil extracellular trap production, and endolysosomal signaling. Finally, we discuss the importance of understanding these molecular mechanisms in order to design novel approaches to modulate neutrophil-mediated inflammatory processes in a targeted fashion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi Ramadass
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sergio D Catz
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Burnett JP, Lim G, Li Y, Shah RB, Lim R, Paholak HJ, McDermott SP, Sun L, Tsume Y, Bai S, Wicha MS, Sun D, Zhang T. Sulforaphane enhances the anticancer activity of taxanes against triple negative breast cancer by killing cancer stem cells. Cancer Lett 2017; 394:52-64. [PMID: 28254410 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) typically exhibits rapid progression, high mortality and faster relapse rates relative to other breast cancer subtypes. In this report we examine the combination of taxanes (paclitaxel or docetaxel) with a breast cancer stem cell (CSC)-targeting agent sulforaphane for use against TNBC. We demonstrate that paclitaxel or docetaxel treatment induces IL-6 secretion and results in expansion of CSCs in TNBC cell lines. Conversely, sulforaphane is capable of preferentially eliminating CSCs, by inhibiting NF-κB p65 subunit translocation, downregulating p52 and consequent downstream transcriptional activity. Sulforaphane also reverses taxane-induced aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive (ALDH+) cell enrichment, and dramatically reduces the size and number of primary and secondary mammospheres formed. In vivo in an advanced treatment orthotopic mouse xenograft model together with extreme limiting dilution analysis (ELDA), the combination of docetaxel and sulforaphane exhibits a greater reduction in primary tumor volume and significantly reduces secondary tumor formation relative to either treatment alone. These results suggest that treatment of TNBCs with cytotoxic chemotherapy would be greatly benefited by the addition of sulforaphane to prevent expansion of and eliminate breast CSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Burnett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gi Lim
- School of Science and Humanities, Husson University, Bangor, ME 04401, USA
| | - Yanyan Li
- School of Science and Humanities, Husson University, Bangor, ME 04401, USA
| | - Ronak B Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rebekah Lim
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, ME 04401, USA
| | - Hayley J Paholak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sean P McDermott
- Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lichao Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Tsume
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shuhua Bai
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, ME 04401, USA
| | - Max S Wicha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, ME 04401, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Demečková V, Solár P, Hrčková G, Mudroňová D, Bojková B, Kassayová M, Gancarčiková S. Immodin and its immune system supportive role in paclitaxel therapy of 4T1 mouse breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:245-256. [PMID: 28235687 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is evident that standard chemotherapy agents may have an impact on both tumor and host immune system. Paclitaxel (PTX), a very potent anticancer drug from a taxane family, has achieved prominence in clinical oncology for its efficacy against a wide range of tumors including breast cancer. However, significant toxicity, such as myelosuppression, limit the effectiveness of Paclitaxel-based treatment regimens. Immodin (IM) is low molecular dialysate fraction of homogenate made from human leukocytes. It contains a mixture of substances from which so far have been described e.g. Imreg 1 and Imreg 2 formed by the dipeptide tyrosine-glycine and the tripeptide tyrosine-glycine-glycine, respectively. The aim of this study was to explore immunopharmacological activities of IM, using the strongly immunogenic 4T1 mouse breast cancer model, and evaluate its effect on the reactivity and the efficiency of PTX cancer therapy. The results highlight a potentially beneficial role for IM in alleviating PTX-induced toxicity, especially on the nonspecific immunity, during breast cancer therapy. Co-treatment exhibited an antitumor effect including reduced tumor growth, prolonged survival of tumor bearing mice, increased number of monocytes and lymphocytes in peripheral blood. In spleens, IM+PTX therapy elevated proportion of whole lymphocytes in the account of myelo-monocytic cells characteristic with low expression of CD11c+ and bearing Fc receptor (CD16/32) as well as T-lymphocytes, NK cells and dendritic cells. Accumulation of tumor-associated granulocytes in stroma of PTX-treated group and intensive 4T1-necrosis/apoptosis in tumors after co-treatment were also recorded. These findings suggest the possibility of using IM alongside PTX treatment for maintaining the immune system functions and increasing patient survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vlasta Demečková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Solár
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Gabriela Hrčková
- Parasitological Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Dagmar Mudroňová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Bianka Bojková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Monika Kassayová
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Soňa Gancarčiková
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li Y, Liu L, Yin Z, Xu H, Li S, Tao W, Cheng H, Du L, Zhou X, Zhang B. Effect of targeted silencing of IL-8 on in vitro migration and invasion of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:567-572. [PMID: 28356930 PMCID: PMC5351404 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine whether interleukin-8 (IL-8) affects human SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion by targeting silencing of IL-8 expression. Silencing small-interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting IL-8 gene was constructed to infect SKOV3 cells by lentiviral vector. The expression of IL-8 and p-nuclear factor (NF)-κB protein was detected by western blot analysis. The wound scratch and Transwell tests were used to assay the cell migration and invasiveness of SKOV3 cells infected with lentiviral vector targeting IL-8 gene siRNA. The levels of IL-8 protein expressed by SKOV3 cells infected by lentiviral vector targeting IL-8 gene siRNA decreased by 72.3%. IL-8 (50 ng/ml) increased the ability of SKOV3 cells to suppress cell migration (p<0.01). Cisplatin and silencing of IL-8 achieved the ability to inhibit SKOV3 cell invasion (p<0.01), and 100 ng/ml concentration of IL-8 enhanced the ability of SKOV3 invasion (p<0.01). Silencing of IL-8 to a certain extent reduced the expression of p-NF-κB proteins, but it was not statistically significant. In conclusion, silencing of IL-8 may inhibit the migration and invasion of SKOV3 cells, which may be independent of the p-NF-κB protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China; Xuzhou Clinical School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Zeyuan Yin
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Wei Tao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Lei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Xueyuan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China; Xuzhou Clinical School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ramadass M, Johnson JL, Catz SD. Rab27a regulates GM-CSF-dependent priming of neutrophil exocytosis. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 101:693-702. [PMID: 27733578 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3ab0416-189rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil secretory proteins are mediators of systemic inflammation in infection, trauma, and cancer. In response to specific inflammatory mediators, neutrophil granules are mobilized and cargo proteins released to modulate the microenvironment of inflammatory sites and tumors. In particular, GM-CSF, a cytokine secreted by several immune, nonimmune, and tumor cells, regulates neutrophil priming and exocytosis. Whereas a comprehensive understanding of this process is necessary to design appropriate anti-inflammatory therapies, the molecular effectors regulating GM-CSF-dependent priming of neutrophil exocytosis are currently unknown. With the use of neutrophils deficient in the small GTPase Rab27a or its effector Munc13-4, we show that although both of these secretory factors control matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) exocytosis in response to GM-CSF, their involvement in exocytosis after GM-CSF priming is very different. Whereas GM-CSF priming-induced exocytosis is abolished in the absence of Rab27a for all secondary stimuli tested, including TLR7, TLR9, and formyl peptide receptor 1 (Fpr1) ligands, cells lacking Munc13-4 showed a significant exocytic response to GM-CSF priming. The mobilization of CD11b was independent of both Rab27a and Munc13-4 in GM-CSF-primed cells unless the cells were stimulated with nucleic acid-sensing TLR ligand, thus highlighting a role for both Rab27a and Munc13-4 in endocytic TLR maturation. Finally, the observation that the absence of Rab27a expression impairs the exocytosis of MMP-9 and MPO under both primed and unprimed conditions suggests that Rab27a is a possible target for intervention in inflammatory processes in which GM-CSF-dependent neutrophil priming is involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi Ramadass
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Linda Johnson
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sergio D Catz
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu Q, Li A, Tian Y, Wu JD, Liu Y, Li T, Chen Y, Han X, Wu K. The CXCL8-CXCR1/2 pathways in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 31:61-71. [PMID: 27578214 PMCID: PMC6142815 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Persistent infection or chronic inflammation contributes significantly to tumourigenesis and tumour progression. C-X-C motif ligand 8 (CXCL8) is a chemokine that acts as an important multifunctional cytokine to modulate tumour proliferation, invasion and migration in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Studies have suggested that CXCL8 and its cognate receptors, C-X-C chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) and CX-C chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), mediate the initiation and development of various cancers including breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, colorectal carcinoma and melanoma. CXCL8 also integrates with multiple intracellular signalling pathways to produce coordinated effects. Neovascularisation, which provides a basis for fostering tumour growth and metastasis, is now recognised as a critical function of CXCL8 in the tumour microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the biological functions and ficlinical significance of the CXCL8 signalling axis in cancer. We also propose that CXCL8 may be a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Anping Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yijun Tian
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jennifer D Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Geriatric, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tumor-Induced Local and Systemic Impact on Blood Vessel Function. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:418290. [PMID: 26770016 PMCID: PMC4685129 DOI: 10.1155/2015/418290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction plays a role in several processes that contribute to cancer-associated mortality. The vessel wall serves as a barrier for metastatic tumor cells, and the integrity and activation status of the endothelium serves as an important defense mechanism against metastasis. In addition, leukocytes, such as cytotoxic T-cells, have to travel across the vessel wall to enter the tumor tissue where they contribute to killing of cancer cells. Tumor cells can alter the characteristics of the endothelium by recruitment of leukocytes such as neutrophils and macrophages, which further stimulate inflammation and promote tumorigenesis. Recent findings also suggest that leukocyte-mediated effects on vascular function are not limited to the primary tumor or tissues that represent metastatic sites. Peripheral organs, such as kidney and heart, also display impaired vascular function in tumor-bearing individuals, potentially contributing to organ failure. Here, we discuss how vascular function is altered in malignant tissue and distant organs in individuals with cancer and how leukocytes function as potent mediators of these tumor-induced effects.
Collapse
|
36
|
Distinct Functions of Neutrophil in Cancer and Its Regulation. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:701067. [PMID: 26648665 PMCID: PMC4663337 DOI: 10.1155/2015/701067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant of all white blood cells in the human circulation and are usually associated with inflammation and with fighting infections. In recent years the role immune cells play in cancer has been a matter of increasing interest. In this context the function of neutrophils is controversial as neutrophils were shown to possess both tumor promoting and tumor limiting properties. Here we provide an up-to-date review of the pro- and antitumor properties neutrophils possess as well as the environmental cues that regulate these distinct functions.
Collapse
|
37
|
High LIN28A Expressing Ovarian Cancer Cells Secrete Exosomes That Induce Invasion and Migration in HEK293 Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:701390. [PMID: 26583126 PMCID: PMC4637063 DOI: 10.1155/2015/701390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most aggressive and deadly form of ovarian cancer and is the most lethal gynecological malignancy worldwide; therefore, efforts to elucidate the molecular factors that lead to epithelial ovarian cancer are essential to better understand this disease. Recent studies reveal that tumor cells release cell-secreted vesicles called exosomes and these exosomes can transfer RNAs and miRNAs to distant sites, leading to cell transformation and tumor development. The RNA-binding protein LIN28 is a known marker of stem cells and when expressed in cancer, it is associated with poor tumor outcome. We hypothesized that high LIN28 expressing ovarian cancer cells secrete exosomes that can be taken up by nontumor cells and cause changes in gene expression and cell behavior associated with tumor development. IGROV1 cells were found to contain high LIN28A and secrete exosomes that were taken up by HEK293 cells. Moreover, exposure to these IGROV1 secreted exosomes led to significant increases in genes involved in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), induced HEK293 cell invasion and migration. These changes were not observed with exosomes secreted by OV420 cells, which contain no detectable amounts of LIN28A or LIN28B. No evidence was found of LIN28A transfer from IGROV1 exosomes to HEK293 cells.
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Tumour-promoting inflammation is considered one of the enabling characteristics of cancer development. Chronic inflammatory disease increases the risk of some cancers, and strong epidemiological evidence exists that NSAIDs, particularly aspirin, are powerful chemopreventive agents. Tumour microenvironments contain many different inflammatory cells and mediators; targeting these factors in genetic, transplantable and inducible murine models of cancer substantially reduces the development, growth and spread of disease. Thus, this complex network of inflammation offers targets for prevention and treatment of malignant disease. Much potential exists in this area for novel cancer prevention and treatment strategies, although clinical research to support targeting of cancer-related inflammation and innate immunity in patients with advanced-stage cancer remains in its infancy. Following the initial successes of immunotherapies that modulate the adaptive immune system, we assert that inflammation and innate immunity are important targets in patients with cancer on the basis of extensive preclinical and epidemiological data. The adaptive immune response is heavily dependent on innate immunity, therefore, inhibiting some of the tumour-promoting immunosuppressive actions of the innate immune system might enhance the potential of immunotherapies that activate a nascent antitumour response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanthini M Crusz
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Frances R Balkwill
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ovarian cancer microenvironment: implications for cancer dissemination and chemoresistance acquisition. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2015; 33:17-39. [PMID: 24357056 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-013-9456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian adenocarcinoma is characterized by a late detection, dissemination of cancer cells into the whole peritoneum, and the frequent acquisition of chemoresistance. If these particularities can be explained in part by intrinsic properties of ovarian cancer cells, an increased number of studies show the importance of the tumor microenvironment in tumor progression. Ovarian cancer cells can regulate the composition of their stroma in promoting the formation of ascitic fluid, rich in cytokines and bioactive lipids, and in stimulating the differentiation of stromal cells into a pro-tumoral phenotype. In return, cancer-associated fibroblasts, cancer-associated mesenchymal stem cells, tumor-associated macrophages, or other peritoneal cells, such as adipocytes and mesothelial cells can regulate tumor growth, angiogenesis, dissemination, and chemoresistance. This review focuses on the current knowledge about the roles of stromal cells and the associated secreted factors on tumor progression. We also summarize the different studies showing that targeting the microenvironment represents a great potential for improving the prognosis of patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
|
40
|
Junes-Gill KS, Lawrence CE, Wheeler CJ, Cordner R, Gill TG, Mar V, Shiri L, Basile LA. Human Hematopoietic Signal peptide-containing Secreted 1 (hHSS1) modulates genes and pathways in glioma: implications for the regulation of tumorigenicity and angiogenesis. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:920. [PMID: 25481245 PMCID: PMC4295481 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Hematopoietic Signal peptide-containing Secreted 1 (hHSS1) is a truly novel protein, defining a new class of secreted factors. We have previously reported that ectopic overexpression of hHSS1 has a negative modulatory effect on cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in glioblastoma model systems. Here we have used microarray analysis, screened glioblastoma samples in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and studied the effects of hHSS1 on glioma-derived cells and endothelial cells to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-tumorigenic effects of hHSS1. METHODS Gene expression profiling of human glioma U87 and A172 cells overexpressing hHSS1 was performed. Ingenuity® iReport™ and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) were used to analyze the gene expression in the glioma cells. DNA content and cell cycle analysis were performed by FACS, while cell migration, cell invasion, and effects of hHSS1 on HUVEC tube formation were determined by transwell and matrigel assays. Correlation was made between hHSS1 expression and specific genes in glioblastoma samples in the TCGA database. RESULTS We have clarified the signaling and metabolic pathways (i.e. role of BRCA1 in DNA damage response), networks (i.e. cell cycle) and biological processes (i.e. cell division process of chromosomes) that result from hHSS1effects upon glioblastoma growth. U87-overexpressing hHSS1 significantly decreased the number of cells in the G0/G1 cell cycle phase, and significantly increased cells in the S and G2/M phases (P < 0.05). U87-overexpressing hHSS1 significantly lost their ability to migrate (P < 0.001) and to invade (P < 0.01) through matrigel matrix. hHSS1-overexpression significantly decreased migration of A172 cells (P < 0.001), inhibited A172 tumor-induced migration and invasion of HUVECs (P < 0.001), and significantly inhibited U87 tumor-induced invasion of HUVECs (P < 0.001). Purified hHSS1 protein inhibited HUVEC tube formation. TCGA database revealed significant correlation between hHSS1 and BRCA2 (r = -0.224, P < 0.0005), ADAMTS1 (r = -0.132, P <0.01) and endostatin (r = 0.141, P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS hHSS1-overexpression modulates signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis. hHSS1 inhibits glioma-induced cell cycle progression, cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Our data suggest that hHSS1 is a potential therapeutic for malignant glioblastoma possessing significant antitumor and anti-angiogenic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris E Lawrence
- />Neumedicines Inc., 133 N Altadena Dr. #310, Pasadena, CA 91107 USA
| | - Christopher J Wheeler
- />Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Davis Rm. 2097, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Ryan Cordner
- />Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Davis Rm. 2097, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Tristan G Gill
- />Ingenuity Systems, 1700 Seaport Blvd, 3rd Floor, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA
| | - Vernon Mar
- />Neumedicines Inc., 133 N Altadena Dr. #310, Pasadena, CA 91107 USA
| | - Liron Shiri
- />Neumedicines Inc., 133 N Altadena Dr. #310, Pasadena, CA 91107 USA
| | - Lena A Basile
- />Neumedicines Inc., 133 N Altadena Dr. #310, Pasadena, CA 91107 USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
The Multifaceted Roles Neutrophils Play in the Tumor Microenvironment. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2014; 8:125-58. [PMID: 24895166 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-014-0147-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are myeloid cells that constitute 50-70 % of all white blood cells in the human circulation. Traditionally, neutrophils are viewed as the first line of defense against infections and as a major component of the inflammatory process. In addition, accumulating evidence suggest that neutrophils may also play a key role in multiple aspects of cancer biology. The possible involvement of neutrophils in cancer prevention and promotion was already suggested more than half a century ago, however, despite being the major component of the immune system, their contribution has often been overshadowed by other immune components such as lymphocytes and macrophages. Neutrophils seem to have conflicting functions in cancer and can be classified into anti-tumor (N1) and pro-tumor (N2) sub-populations. The aim of this review is to discuss the varying nature of neutrophil function in the cancer microenvironment with a specific emphasis on the mechanisms that regulate neutrophil mobilization, recruitment and activation.
Collapse
|
42
|
Stockmann C, Schadendorf D, Klose R, Helfrich I. The impact of the immune system on tumor: angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. Front Oncol 2014; 4:69. [PMID: 24782982 PMCID: PMC3986554 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, as well as inflammation with massive infiltration of leukocytes are hallmarks of various tumor entities. Various epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies have not only demonstrated a link between chronic inflammation and cancer onset but also shown that immune cells from the bone marrow such as tumor-infiltrating macrophages significantly influence tumor progression. Tumor angiogenesis is critical for tumor development as tumors have to establish a blood supply in order to progress. Although tumor cells were first believed to fuel tumor angiogenesis, numerous studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment and infiltrating immune cell subsets are important for regulating the process of tumor angiogenesis. These infiltrates involve the adaptive immune system including several types of lymphocytes as well as cells of the innate immunity such as macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells. Besides their known immune function, these cells are now recognized for their crucial role in regulating the formation and the remodeling of blood vessels in the tumor. In this review, we will discuss for each cell type the mechanisms that regulate the vascular phenotype and its impact on tumor growth and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Stockmann
- UMR 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) , Paris , France
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Skin Cancer Unit, Dermatology Department, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Ralph Klose
- UMR 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) , Paris , France
| | - Iris Helfrich
- Skin Cancer Unit, Dermatology Department, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Pettee KM, Dvorak KM, Nestor-Kalinoski AL, Eisenmann KM. An mDia2/ROCK signaling axis regulates invasive egress from epithelial ovarian cancer spheroids. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90371. [PMID: 24587343 PMCID: PMC3938721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-cellular spheroids are enriched in ascites of epithelial ovarian cancer (OvCa) patients. They represent an invasive and chemoresistant cellular population fundamental to metastatic dissemination. The molecular mechanisms triggering single cell invasive egress from spheroids remain enigmatic. mDia formins are Rho GTPase effectors that are key regulators of F-actin cytoskeletal dynamics. We hypothesized that mDia2-driven F-actin dynamics promote single cell invasive transitions in clinically relevant three-dimensional (3D) OvCa spheroids. The current study is a dissection of the contribution of the F-actin assembly factor mDia2 formin in invasive transitions and using a clinically relevant ovarian cancer spheroid model. We show that RhoA-directed mDia2 activity is required for tight spheroid organization, and enrichment of mDia2 in the invasive cellular protrusions of collagen-embedded OVCA429 spheroids. Depleting mDia2 in ES-2 spheroids enhanced invasive dissemination of single amoeboid-shaped cells. This contrasts with spheroids treated with control siRNA, where a mesenchymal invasion program predominated. Inhibition of another RhoA effector, ROCK, had no impact on ES-2 spheroid formation but dramatically inhibited spheroid invasion through induction of a highly elongated morphology. Concurrent inhibition of ROCK and mDia2 blocked single cell invasion from ES-2 spheroids more effectively than inhibition of either protein alone, indicating that invasive egress of amoeboid cells from mDia2-depleted spheroids is ROCK-dependent. Our findings indicate that multiple GTPase effectors must be suppressed in order to fully block invasive egress from ovarian cancer spheroids. Furthermore, tightly regulated interplay between ROCK and mDia2 signaling pathways dictates the invasive capacities and the type of invasion program utilized by motile spheroid-derived ovarian cancer cells. As loss of the gene encoding mDia2, DRF3, has been linked to cancer progression and metastasis, our results set the stage for understanding molecular mechanisms involved in mDia2-dependent egress of invasive cells from primary epithelial tumors.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Actin Cytoskeleton/chemistry
- Actin Cytoskeleton/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial
- Carrier Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Female
- Formins
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/genetics
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/pathology
- rho-Associated Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- rho-Associated Kinases/genetics
- rho-Associated Kinases/metabolism
- rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
- rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krista M. Pettee
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kaitlyn M. Dvorak
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Andrea L. Nestor-Kalinoski
- Department of Surgery, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kathryn M. Eisenmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
JANAKIRAM NAVEENAB, MOHAMMED ALTAF, RAVILLAH DURGADEVI, CHOI CHANGIN, ZHANG YUTING, DESAI DHIMANT, AMIN SHANTU, RAO CHINTHALAPALLYV. Chemopreventive effects of PBI-Se, a selenium-containing analog of PBIT, on AOM-induced aberrant crypt foci in F344 rats. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:952-60. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
45
|
Leifler KS, Svensson S, Abrahamsson A, Bendrik C, Robertson J, Gauldie J, Olsson AK, Dabrosin C. Inflammation induced by MMP-9 enhances tumor regression of experimental breast cancer. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:4420-30. [PMID: 23509357 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been suggested as therapeutic targets in cancer treatment, but broad-spectrum MMP inhibitors have failed in clinical trials. Recent data suggest that several MMPs including MMP-9 exert both pro- and antitumorigenic properties. This is also the case of the natural inhibitors of MMPs, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). The inhibitor of MMP-9 is TIMP-1, and high levels of this enzyme have been associated with decreased survival in breast cancer. Inflammation is one hallmark of cancer progression, and MMPs/TIMPs may be involved in the local immune regulation. We investigated the role of MMP-9/TIMP-1 in regulating innate antitumor immunity in breast cancer. Breast cancers were established in nude mice and treated with intratumoral injections of adenoviruses carrying the human TIMP-1 or MMP-9 gene (AdMMP-9). In vivo microdialysis for sampling of cancer cell-derived (human) and stroma-derived (murine) proteins, immunostainings, as well as cell cultures were performed. We report a dose-dependent decrease of tumor growth and angiogenesis after AdMMP-9 treatment. In addition to increased generation of endostatin, AdMMP-9 promoted an antitumor immune response by inducing massive neutrophil infiltration. Neutrophil depletion prior to gene transfer abolished the therapeutic effects of AdMMP-9. Additionally, AdMMP-9 activated tumor-infiltrating macrophages into a tumor-inhibiting phenotype both in vivo and in vitro. AdMMP-9 also inhibited tumor growth in immune-competent mice bearing breast cancers. Adenoviruses carrying the human TIMP-1 gene had no effect on tumor growth or the immune response. Our novel data identify MMP-9 as a potent player in modulating the innate immune response into antitumor activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Söderlund Leifler
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping 58185, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tijono SM, Guo K, Henare K, Palmer BD, Wang LCS, Albelda SM, Ching LM. Identification of human-selective analogues of the vascular-disrupting agent 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA). Br J Cancer 2013; 108:1306-15. [PMID: 23481185 PMCID: PMC3619269 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Species selectivity of DMXAA (5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid, Vadimezan) for murine cells over human cells could explain in part the recent disappointing phase III trials clinical results when preclinical studies were so promising. To identify analogues with greater human clinical potential, we compared the activity of xanthenone-4-acetic acid (XAA) analogues in murine or human cellular models. Methods: Analogues with a methyl group systematically substituted at different positions of the XAA backbone were evaluated for cytokine induction in cultured murine or human leukocytes; and for anti-vascular effects on endothelial cells on matrigel. In vivo antitumour activity and cytokine production by stromal or cancer cells was measured in human A375 and HCT116 xenografts. Results: Mono-methyl XAA analogues with substitutions at the seventh and eighth positions were the most active in stimulating human leukocytes to produce IL-6 and IL-8; and for inhibition of tube formation by ECV304 human endothelial-like cells, while 5- and 6-substituted analogues were the most active in murine cell systems. Conclusion: Xanthenone-4-acetic acid analogues exhibit extreme species selectivity. Analogues that are the most active in human systems are inactive in murine models, highlighting the need for the use of appropriate in vivo animal models in selecting clinical candidates for this class of compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Tijono
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wu S, Shang H, Cui L, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wu J, Li RK, Xie J. Targeted blockade of interleukin-8 abrogates its promotion of cervical cancer growth and metastasis. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 375:69-79. [PMID: 23247723 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1529-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Surgery and radiotherapy have been used for decades to treat cervical cancer; however, high recurrence and lymph node metastasis rates are observed after these procedures. New therapeutic agents are needed to improve survival rates of patients by reducing tumor growth and metastasis. We previously demonstrated that interleukin-8 (IL-8) was associated with lymph node metastasis of early cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The current study assessed the role of IL-8 in growth and metastasis of cervical SCC and evaluated the effects of targeting IL-8 with small hairpin RNA (shRNA) and a human anti-IL-8 antibody. The human cervical SCC cell lines CaSki (high IL-8 producers), SiHa, HeLa, and SiHa transfected with the IL-8 gene were used for the studies. IL-8 stimulated proliferation, migration, and invasion but prevented apoptosis of SCC cells in vitro. Suppressing IL-8 expression with shRNA reduced cell growth and invasion of SCC cells in vitro. In a xenograft model, SCC cells were inoculated subcutaneously into athymic mice to evaluate the effect of IL-8 and its antibody on tumor growth and metastasis and animal survival. IL-8 enhanced tumor growth and metastasis in vivo concomitant with reduced animal survival. IL-8 antibody treatment of tumor-bearing animals resulted in smaller tumor volume, decreased lymph node metastasis, and longer animal survival. Blockade of IL-8 with an antibody demonstrated significant anti-tumor effects in a xenograft model and may thus provide a potential alternative approach for the treatment of cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suhui Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences & Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032 Shanxi, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zuccari DAPDC, Leonel C, Castro R, Gelaleti GB, Jardim BV, Moscheta MG, Regiani VR, Ferreira LC, Lopes JR, Neto DDS, Esteves JL. An immunohistochemical study of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in breast cancer. Acta Histochem 2012; 114:571-6. [PMID: 22244449 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of prognostic markers for breast cancer is important for routine diagnosis and research. Interleukin-8 is a chemotactic cytokine produced by several cell types in response to inflammation, however, its expression, regulation and function are poorly understood. Recent studies have associated angiogenesis and inflammatory processes with tumor malignancy. The present study investigated the correlation between interleukin-8 expression and breast cancer prognosis. Interleukin-8 expression was assessed in 72 women with mammary neoplasia by immunohistochemistry and the results were statistically correlated with clinical-pathological findings. There was an inverse correlation between interleukin-8 expression and metastasis (p=0.03) and/or local recurrence (p=0.02). In the patient group that received post-surgery chemotherapy and radiotherapy, a lower interleukin-8 expression was found in those women that showed local recurrence (p=0.01). Multivariate logistic regression showed estrogen receptor negativity, progesterone positivity and metastasis with increased risk of death (p<0.05). The data reflect the complexity of the role of interleukin-8 in tumor microenvironment and support its classification as a possible prognostic marker, although more studies are necessary for its inclusion in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
The members of the HOX transcription factor family are important basic regulators of morphogenesis and development and several HOX proteins have also been identified as essential regulators of physiological and pathologic angiogenesis. HOXC9 is highly expressed in quiescent endothelial cells and keeps the vasculature in a resting state via inhibition of interleukin-8 production. HOXC9 overexpression in zebra-fish negatively regulated vascular development which can be rescued by exogenous interleukin-8. The further understanding of the HOXC9-IL-8 signaling axis and the identification of other HOXC9 targets in the vasculature will provide important insights into mechanisms promoting endothelial cell activation during physiological angiogenesis. It will also be beneficial to understand pathophysiological angiogenesis regulation and thus provide important new directions for the development of novel anti-angiogenic therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
50
|
A different immunologic profile characterizes patients with HER-2-overexpressing and HER-2-negative locally advanced breast cancer: implications for immune-based therapies. Breast Cancer Res 2012; 13:R117. [PMID: 22112244 PMCID: PMC3326559 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The clinical efficacy of trastuzumab and taxanes is at least partly related to their ability to mediate or promote antitumor immune responses. On these grounds, a careful analysis of basal immune profile may be capital to dissect the heterogeneity of clinical responses to these drugs in patients with locally advanced breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Blood samples were collected from 61 locally advanced breast cancers (36 HER2- and 25 HER2+) at diagnosis and from 23 healthy women. Immunophenotypic profiling of circulating and intratumor immune cells, including regulatory T (Treg) cells, was assessed by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Serum levels of 10 different cytokines were assessed by multiplex immunoassays. CD8+ T cell responses to multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAA) were evaluated by IFN-γ-enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT). The Student's t test for two tailed distributions and the Wilcoxon two-sample test were used for the statistical analysis of the data. Results The proportion of circulating immune effectors was similar in HER2+ patients and healthy donors, whereas higher percentages of natural killer and Treg cells and a lower CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio (with a prevalence of naïve and central memory CD8+ T cells) were observed in HER2- cases. Higher numbers of circulating CD8+ T cells specific for several HLA-A*0201-restricted TAA-derived peptides were observed in HER2+ cases, together with a higher prevalence of intratumor CD8+ T cells. Serum cytokine profile of HER2+ patients was similar to that of controls, whereas HER2- cases showed significantly lower cytokine amounts compared to healthy women (IL-2, IL-8, IL-6) and HER2+ cases (IL-2, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, IL-10). Conclusions Compared to HER2- cases, patients with HER2-overexpressing locally advanced breast cancer show a more limited tumor-related immune suppression. This may account for the clinical benefit achieved in this subset of patients with the use of drugs acting through, but also promoting, immune-mediated effects.
Collapse
|