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Giovenzana A, Bezzecchi E, Bichisecchi A, Cardellini S, Ragogna F, Pedica F, Invernizzi F, Di Filippo L, Tomajer V, Aleotti F, Scotti GM, Socci C, Cesana G, Olmi S, Morelli MJ, Falconi M, Giustina A, Bonini C, Piemonti L, Ruggiero E, Petrelli A. Fat-to-blood recirculation of partially dysfunctional PD-1 +CD4 Tconv cells is associated with dysglycemia in human obesity. iScience 2024; 27:109032. [PMID: 38380252 PMCID: PMC10877684 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by the accumulation of T cells in insulin-sensitive tissues, including the visceral adipose tissue (VAT), that can interfere with the insulin signaling pathway eventually leading to insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes. Here, we found that PD-1+CD4 conventional T (Tconv) cells, endowed with a transcriptomic and functional profile of partially dysfunctional cells, are diminished in VAT of obese patients with dysglycemia (OB-Dys), without a concomitant increase in apoptosis. These cells showed enhanced capacity to recirculate into the bloodstream and had a non-restricted TCRβ repertoire divergent from that of normoglycemic obese and lean individuals. PD-1+CD4 Tconv were reduced in the circulation of OB-Dys, exhibited an altered migration potential, and were detected in the liver of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The findings suggest a potential role for partially dysfunctional PD-1+CD4 Tconv cells as inter-organ mediators of IR in obese patients with dysglycemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefano Olmi
- San Marco Hospital GSD, Zingonia, Bergamo, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Falconi
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Giustina
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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2
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Mestiri S, El-Ella DMA, Fernandes Q, Bedhiafi T, Almoghrabi S, Akbar S, Inchakalody V, Assami L, Anwar S, Uddin S, Gul ARZ, Al-Muftah M, Merhi M, Raza A, Dermime S. The dynamic role of immune checkpoint molecules in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of head and neck cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116095. [PMID: 38183744 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer type, accounting for approximately 277,597 deaths worldwide. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) agents targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) as a treatment regimen for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Studies have reported the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors as targeted therapeutic regimens that unleash the immune response against HNSCC tumors. However, the overall response rates to immunotherapy vary between 14-32% in recurrent or metastatic HNSCC, with clinical response and treatment success being unpredictable. Keeping this perspective in mind, it is imperative to understand the role of T cells, natural killer cells, and antigen-presenting cells in modulating the immune response to immunotherapy. In lieu of this, these immune molecules could serve as prognostic and predictive biomarkers to facilitate longitudinal monitoring and understanding of treatment dynamics. These immune biomarkers could pave the path for personalized monitoring and management of HNSCC. In this review, we aim to provide updated immunological insight on the mechanism of action, expression, and the clinical application of immune cells' stimulatory and inhibitory molecules as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in HNC. The review is focused mainly on CD27 and CD137 (members of the TNF-receptor superfamily), natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4 or OX40), S100 proteins, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA). It also highlights the importance of T, natural killer, and antigen-presenting cells as robust biomarker tools for understanding immune checkpoint inhibitor-based treatment dynamics. Though a comprehensive review, all aspects of the immune molecules could not be covered as they were beyond the scope of the review; Further review articles can cover other aspects to bridge the knowledge gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Mestiri
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dina Moustafa Abo El-Ella
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Queenie Fernandes
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Takwa Bedhiafi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salam Almoghrabi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shayista Akbar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Varghese Inchakalody
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Laila Assami
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaheena Anwar
- Department of Biosciences, Salim Habib University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul Rehman Zar Gul
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mariam Al-Muftah
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Centre, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Afsheen Raza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Said Dermime
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research/ Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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3
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Singh R, Kim YH, Lee SJ, Eom HS, Choi BK. 4-1BB immunotherapy: advances and hurdles. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:32-39. [PMID: 38172595 PMCID: PMC10834507 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Since its initial description 35 years ago as an inducible molecule expressed in cytotoxic and helper T cells, 4-1BB has emerged as a crucial receptor in T-cell-mediated immune functions. Numerous studies have demonstrated the involvement of 4-1BB in infection and tumor immunity. However, the clinical development of 4-1BB agonist antibodies has been impeded by the occurrence of strong adverse events, notably hepatotoxicity, even though these antibodies have exhibited tremendous promise in in vivo tumor models. Efforts are currently underway to develop a new generation of agonist antibodies and recombinant proteins with modified effector functions that can harness the potent T-cell modulation properties of 4-1BB while mitigating adverse effects. In this review, we briefly examine the role of 4-1BB in T-cell biology, explore its clinical applications, and discuss future prospects in the field of 4-1BB agonist immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Singh
- Immuno-oncology Branch, Division of Rare and Refractory Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Kim
- Diagnostics and Therapeutics Technology Branch, Division of Technology Convergence, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Jin Lee
- Immuno-oncology Branch, Division of Rare and Refractory Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Seok Eom
- Hematological Malignancy Center, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom K Choi
- Immuno-oncology Branch, Division of Rare and Refractory Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea.
- Innobationbio, Co., Ltd., Mapo-gu, Seoul, 03929, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Awad RM, De Vlaeminck Y, Meeus F, Ertveldt T, Zeven K, Ceuppens H, Goyvaerts C, Verdonck M, Salguero G, Raes G, Devoogdt N, Breckpot K. In vitro modelling of local gene therapy with IL-15/IL-15Rα and a PD-L1 antagonist in melanoma reveals an interplay between NK cells and CD4 + T cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18995. [PMID: 37923822 PMCID: PMC10624833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45948-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Blockade of the immune checkpoint axis consisting of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 alleviates the functional inhibition of tumor-infiltrating lymphoid cells yet weakly induces their expansion. Exogenous cytokines could further expand lymphoid cells and thus synergize with αPD-L1 therapy. However, systemic delivery of most cytokines causes severe toxicity due to unspecific expansion of immune cells in the periphery. Here, we modelled local delivery of cytokines and αPD-L1 therapeutics to immune cell-containing in vitro melanoma tumors. Three-dimensional tumor models consisting of 624-MEL cells were co-cultured with human peripheral blood lymphoid cells (PBLs) in presence of the cytokines IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, IL-21 and IFN-γ. To model local gene therapy, melanoma tumors were modified with lentiviral vectors encoding IL-15 fused to IL-15Rα (IL-15/IL-15Rα) and K2-Fc, a fusion of a human PD-L1 specific single domain antibody to immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 Fc. To evaluate the interplay between PBL fractions, NK cells, CD4+ T cells or CD8+ T cells were depleted. Tumor cell killing was followed up using real time imaging and immune cell expansion and activation was evaluated with flow cytometry. Among the tested cytokines, IL-15 was the most potent cytokine in stimulating tumor cell killing and expanding both natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T cells. Gene-based delivery of IL-15/IL-15Rα to tumor cells, shows expansion of NK cells, activation of NK cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and killing of tumor spheroids. Both NK cells and CD8+ T cells are necessary for tumor cell killing and CD4+ T-cell activation was reduced without NK cells. Co-delivery of K2-Fc improved tumor cell killing coinciding with increased activation of NK cells, which was independent of bystander T cells. CD4+ or CD8+ T cells were not affected by the co-delivery of K2-Fc even though NK-cell activation impacted CD4+ T-cell activation. This study demonstrates that gene-based delivery of IL-15/IL-15Rα to tumor cells effectively mediates anti-tumor activity and sensitizes the tumor microenvironment for therapy with αPD-L1 therapeutics mainly by impacting NK cells. These findings warrant further investigation of gene-based IL-15 and K2-Fc delivery in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Maximilian Awad
- Translational Oncology Research Center (TORC), Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Department of Biomedical Sciences (BMWE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103/E, 1090, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Yannick De Vlaeminck
- Translational Oncology Research Center (TORC), Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Department of Biomedical Sciences (BMWE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103/E, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fien Meeus
- Translational Oncology Research Center (TORC), Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Department of Biomedical Sciences (BMWE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103/E, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Ertveldt
- Translational Oncology Research Center (TORC), Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Department of Biomedical Sciences (BMWE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103/E, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katty Zeven
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Medical Imaging, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Ceuppens
- Translational Oncology Research Center (TORC), Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Department of Biomedical Sciences (BMWE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103/E, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cleo Goyvaerts
- Translational Oncology Research Center (TORC), Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Department of Biomedical Sciences (BMWE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103/E, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Magali Verdonck
- Translational Oncology Research Center (TORC), Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Department of Biomedical Sciences (BMWE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103/E, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gustavo Salguero
- Advanced Therapies Unit, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud-IDCBIS, 111611, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Geert Raes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology and Cancer Immunotherapy, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nick Devoogdt
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Medical Imaging, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karine Breckpot
- Translational Oncology Research Center (TORC), Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Department of Biomedical Sciences (BMWE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103/E, 1090, Brussels, Belgium.
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5
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Choi W, Lee Y, Choi BK, Park BM, Kim YH, Yun T, Lee WJ, Yoo H, Baek JY, Woo SM, Lim MC, Kwon BS. Phase 1 trial of 4-1BB-based adoptive T-cell therapy targeting human telomerase reverse transcriptase in patients with advanced refractory solid tumors. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:1236-1241. [PMID: 37632518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is an attractive target for anti-cancer therapies. We developed an effective method for generating hTERT-specific CD8+ T cells (hTERT-induced natural T cells [TERTiNTs]) using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with solid cancers and investigated their feasibility and safety. METHODS This was a single-center phase 1 trial using a 3 + 3 dose escalation design to evaluate six dose levels of TERTiNTs. PBMCs from each patient were screened using an hTERT peptide panel to select those that stimulated CD8+ T cells. The four most stimulatory peptides were used to produce autologous CD8+ T cells from patients refractory or intolerant to standard therapies. Eligible patients received a single intravenous infusion of TERTiNTs at different dose levels (4 × 108 cells/m2, 8 × 108 cells/m2 and 16 × 108 cells/m2). Pre-conditioning chemotherapy, including cyclophosphamide alone or in combination with fludarabine, was administered to induce lymphodepletion. RESULTS From January 2014 to October 2019, a total of 24 patients with a median of three prior lines of therapy were enrolled. The most common adverse events were lymphopenia (79.2%), nausea (58.3%) and neutropenia (54.2%), mostly caused by pre-conditioning chemotherapy. The TERTiNT infusion was well tolerated, and dose-limiting toxicities were not observed. None of the patients showed objective responses. Seven patients (30.4%) achieved stable disease with a median progression-free survival of 3.9 months (range, 3.2-11.3). At the highest dose level (16 × 108 cells/m2), four of five patients showed disease stabilization. CONCLUSIONS The generation of TERTiNTs was feasible and safe and provided an interesting disease control rate in heavily pre-treated cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonyoung Choi
- Center for Clinical Trials, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Center for Rare Cancers, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Lee
- Center for Clinical Trials, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Center for Lung Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom K Choi
- Immuno-Oncology Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Park
- Biomedicine Production Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Young H Kim
- Eutilex Institute for Biomedical Research, Eutilex Co, Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tak Yun
- Center for Clinical Trials, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Center for Rare Cancers, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Lee
- Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon Yoo
- Neuro-Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Baek
- Center for Clinical Trials, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Myung Woo
- Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Cheol Lim
- Center for Gynecologic Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung S Kwon
- Eutilex Institute for Biomedical Research, Eutilex Co, Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Zhou C, Sun BY, Zhou PY, Yang ZF, Wang ZT, Liu G, Gan W, Wang Z, Zhou J, Fan J, Yi Y, Ren N, Qiu SJ. MAIT cells confer resistance to Lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibodies in hepatocellular carcinoma through TNF-TNFRSF1B pathway. Clin Immunol 2023; 256:109770. [PMID: 37717672 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The combination of antiangiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors is more efficient than monotherapy in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibodies have become the mainstay in HCC treatment. However, more than half the patients with HCC are non-responsive, and the mechanisms underlying drug resistance are unknown. To address this issue, we performed single-cell sequencing on samples from six HCC patients, aiming to explore cellular signals and molecular pathways related to the effect of lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibody treatment. GSVA analysis revealed that treatment with lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibody led to an increase in the TNF-NFKB pathway across all immune cell types, as compared to the non-treatment group. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells were found to secrete TNF, which activates TNFRSF1B on regulatory T cells, thereby promoting immunosuppression. Additionally, TNFSF9 was highly expressed in anticancer immune cells, including CD8+ effector T cells, MAIT, and γδ T cells in the treatment group. We also detected CD3+ macrophages in both HCC and pan-cancer tissues. Overall, our findings shed light on the potential mechanisms behind the effectiveness of lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibody treatment in HCC patients. By understanding these mechanisms better, we may be able to develop more effective treatment strategies for patients who do not respond to current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bao-Ye Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Yun Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang-Fu Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu-Tao Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gao Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Gan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yi
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China..
| | - Ning Ren
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.; Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, and Key Laboratory of Whole-period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer, Minhang Hospital & AHS, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shuang-Jian Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China..
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7
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Poloni C, Schonhofer C, Ivison S, Levings MK, Steiner TS, Cook L. T-cell activation-induced marker assays in health and disease. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:491-503. [PMID: 36825901 PMCID: PMC10952637 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Activation-induced marker (AIM) assays have proven to be an accessible and rapid means of antigen-specific T-cell detection. The method typically involves short-term incubation of whole blood or peripheral blood mononuclear cells with antigens of interest, where autologous antigen-presenting cells process and present peptides in complex with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Recognition of peptide-MHC complexes by T-cell receptors then induces upregulation of activation markers on the T cells that can be detected by flow cytometry. In this review, we highlight the most widely used activation markers for assays in the literature while identifying nuances and potential downfalls associated with the technique. We provide a summary of how AIM assays have been used in both discovery science and clinical studies, including studies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity. This review primarily focuses on AIM assays using human blood or peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples, with some considerations noted for tissue-derived T cells and nonhuman samples. AIM assays are a powerful tool that enables detailed analysis of antigen-specific T-cell frequency, phenotype and function without needing to know the precise antigenic peptides and their MHC restriction elements, enabling a wider analysis of immunity generated following infection and/or vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Poloni
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- BC Children's Hospital Research InstituteVancouverBCCanada
| | - Cole Schonhofer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- BC Children's Hospital Research InstituteVancouverBCCanada
| | - Sabine Ivison
- BC Children's Hospital Research InstituteVancouverBCCanada
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Megan K Levings
- BC Children's Hospital Research InstituteVancouverBCCanada
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Theodore S Steiner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- BC Children's Hospital Research InstituteVancouverBCCanada
| | - Laura Cook
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical SchoolUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
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8
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Nagai H, Azuma M, Sato A, Shibui N, Ogawara S, Tsutsui Y, Suzuki A, Wakaizumi T, Ito A, Matsuyama S, Morita M, Hikosaka Kuniishi M, Ishii N, So T. Fundamental Characterization of Antibody Fusion-Single-Chain TNF Recombinant Proteins Directed against Costimulatory TNF Receptors Expressed by T-Lymphocytes. Cells 2023; 12:1596. [PMID: 37371066 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The costimulatory signal regulated by the members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily expressed by T cells plays essential roles for T cell responses and has emerged as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. However, it is unclear how the difference in TNFR costimulation contributes to T cell responses. In this study, to clarify the functional significance of four different TNFRs, OX40, 4-1BB, CD27 and GITR, we prepared corresponding single-chain TNF ligand proteins (scTNFLs) connected to IgG Fc domain with beneficial characteristics, i.e., Fc-scOX40L, Fc-sc4-1BBL, Fc-scCD27L (CD70) and Fc-scGITRL. Without intentional cross-linking, these soluble Fc-scTNFL proteins bound to corresponding TNFRs induced NF-kB signaling and promoted proliferative and cytokine responses in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with different dose-dependencies in vitro. Mice injected with one of the Fc-scTNFL proteins displayed significantly augmented delayed-type hypersensitivity responses, showing in vivo activity. The results demonstrate that each individual Fc-scTNFL protein provides a critical costimulatory signal and exhibits quantitatively distinct activity toward T cells. Our findings provide important insights into the TNFR costimulation that would be valuable for investigators conducting basic research in cancer immunology and also have implications for T cell-mediated immune regulation by designer TNFL proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hodaka Nagai
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Mitsuki Azuma
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ayaka Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Nagito Shibui
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ogawara
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuta Tsutsui
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ayano Suzuki
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tomomi Wakaizumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Aya Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shimpei Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Masashi Morita
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Mari Hikosaka Kuniishi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Naoto Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takanori So
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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9
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Martin AL, Powell C, Nagy MZ, Innamarato P, Powers J, Nichols D, Anadon CM, Chaurio RA, Kim S, Wang MH, Gong B, Wang X, Scheutz TJ, Antonia SJ, Conejo-Garcia JR, Perez BA. Anti-4-1BB immunotherapy enhances systemic immune effects of radiotherapy to induce B and T cell-dependent anti-tumor immune activation and improve tumor control at unirradiated sites. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:1445-1460. [PMID: 36469096 PMCID: PMC10992043 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03325-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) can prime and boost systemic anti-tumor effects via STING activation, resulting in enhanced tumor antigen presentation and antigen recognition by T cells. It is increasingly recognized that optimal anti-tumor immune responses benefit from coordinated cellular (T cell) and humoral (B cell) responses. However, the nature and functional relevance of the RT-induced immune response are controversial, beyond STING signaling, and agonistic interventions are lacking. Here, we show that B and CD4+ T cell accumulation at tumor beds in response to RT precedes the arrival of CD8+ T cells, and both cell types are absolutely required for abrogated tumor growth in non-irradiated tumors. Further, RT induces increased expression of 4-1BB (CD137) in both T and B cells; both in preclinical models and in a cohort of patients with small cell lung cancer treated with thoracic RT. Accordingly, the combination of RT and anti-41BB therapy leads to increased immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment and significant abscopal effects. Thus, 4-1BB therapy enhances radiation-induced tumor-specific immune responses via coordinated B and T cell responses, thereby preventing malignant progression at unirradiated tumor sites. These findings provide a rationale for combining RT and 4-1bb therapy in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Martin
- Departments of Clinical Science, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Chase Powell
- Departments of Clinical Science, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Mate Z Nagy
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Patrick Innamarato
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - John Powers
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Derek Nichols
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Carmen M Anadon
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Ricardo A Chaurio
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Sungjune Kim
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Min-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Bing Gong
- Compass Therapeutics, Boston, MA, 02135, USA
| | | | | | - Scott J Antonia
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27712, USA
| | - Jose R Conejo-Garcia
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Bradford A Perez
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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10
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Li X, Zheng A, Liu J, Shi M, Liao B, Xie S, Yan R, Gan Y, Zuo X, Gong M, Wu H, Wang Z. Assessing the chronic hepatitis B adaptive immune response by profiling specific T-cell receptor repertoire. Antiviral Res 2023; 214:105608. [PMID: 37084955 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Challenges in assessing hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific T cell immunity as an immunological biomarker still remain in chronic hepatitis B (CHB), such as the requirement of large quantities of cells. This study aims to conveniently assess HBV-specific T cells immunity in chronic HBV infected patients. We obtained T cell receptor β chains (TCRβs) from public databases and six acute hepatitis B patients to establish an HBV-specific TCRβs dataset. For some TCRs from one AHB patient, their specificities and epitopes were verified. The potential HBV-specific TCRβs from CHB patients were analyzed using GLIPH2 and established dataset. By analyzing two antiviral therapy cohorts including 42 CHB patients, we showed that individuals with better therapy response may depend more on newly emerging potential HBV-specific TCRβs. In a cross-sectional study containing 207 chronic HBV infected patients, the results exhibited that the characteristics of potential HBV-specific clusters were divergent between CHB and hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Our strategy could profile potential HBV-specific TCRβ repertoire using a small blood sample, which will complement traditional methods for assessing the HBV-specific T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anqi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiabang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengfen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baolin Liao
- Department of Hepatology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zuo
- Department of Hepatology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingxing Gong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hongkai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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11
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Cirillo A, Zizzari IG, Botticelli A, Strigari L, Rahimi H, Scagnoli S, Scirocchi F, Pernazza A, Pace A, Cerbelli B, d'Amati G, Marchetti P, Nuti M, Rughetti A, Napoletano C. Circulating CD137 + T Cell Levels Are Correlated with Response to Pembrolizumab Treatment in Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087114. [PMID: 37108276 PMCID: PMC10138766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, has been approved as first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ((R/M) HNSCC). However, only a minority of patients benefit from immunotherapy, which highlights the need to identify novel biomarkers to optimize treatment strategies. CD137+ T cells have been identified as tumour-specific T cells correlated with immunotherapy responses in several solid tumours. In this study, we investigated the role of circulating CD137+ T cells in (R/M) HNSCC patients undergoing pembrolizumab treatment. PBMCs obtained from 40 (R/M) HNSCC patients with a PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥1 were analysed at baseline via cytofluorimetry for the expression of CD137, and it was found that the percentage of CD3+CD137+ cells is correlated with the clinical benefit rate (CBR), PFS, and OS. The results show that levels of circulating CD137+ T cells are significantly higher in responder patients than in non-responders (p = 0.03). Moreover, patients with CD3+CD137+ percentage ≥1.65% had prolonged OS (p = 0.02) and PFS (p = 0.02). Multivariate analysis, on a combination of biological and clinical parameters, showed that high levels of CD3+CD137+ cells (≥1.65%) and performance status (PS) = 0 are independent prognostic factors of PFS (CD137+ T cells, p = 0.007; PS, p = 0.002) and OS (CD137+ T cells, p = 0.006; PS, p = 0.001). Our results suggest that levels of circulating CD137+ T cells could serve as biomarkers for predicting the response of (R/M) HNSCC patients to pembrolizumab treatment, thus contributing to the success of anti-cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Cirillo
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Grazia Zizzari
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Botticelli
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Medical Physics Unit, "Sant'Orsola-Malpighi" Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Hassan Rahimi
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Scagnoli
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Scirocchi
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelina Pernazza
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelica Pace
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Bruna Cerbelli
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia d'Amati
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Nuti
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Aurelia Rughetti
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Napoletano
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
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12
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Ernst MK, Evans ST, Techner JM, Rothbaum RM, Christensen LF, Onay UV, Biyashev D, Demczuk MM, Nguyen CV, Honda KS, McCormick TS, Tsoi LC, Gudjonsson JE, Cooper KD, Lu KQ. Vitamin D3 and deconvoluting a rash. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e163789. [PMID: 36692020 PMCID: PMC9977299 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.163789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDAdverse drug reactions are unpredictable immunologic events presenting frequent challenges to clinical management. Systemically administered cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) has immunomodulatory properties. In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled interventional trial of healthy human adults, we investigated the clinical and molecular immunomodulatory effects of a single high dose of oral vitamin D3 on an experimentally induced chemical rash.METHODSSkin inflammation was induced with topical nitrogen mustard (NM) in 28 participants. Participant-specific inflammatory responses to NM alone were characterized using clinical measures, serum studies, and skin tissue analysis over the next week. All participants underwent repeat NM exposure to the opposite arm and then received placebo or 200,000 IU cholecalciferol intervention. The complete rash reaction was followed by multi-omic analysis, clinical measures, and serum studies over 6 weeks.RESULTSCholecalciferol mitigated acute inflammation in all participants and achieved 6 weeks of durable responses. Integrative analysis of skin and blood identified an unexpected divergence in response severity to NM, corroborated by systemic neutrophilia and significant histopathologic and clinical differences. Multi-omic and pathway analyses revealed a 3-biomarker signature (CCL20, CCL2, CXCL8) unique to exaggerated responders that is suppressed by cholecalciferol and implicates IL-17 signaling involvement.CONCLUSIONHigh-dose systemic cholecalciferol may be an effective treatment for severe reactions to topical chemotherapy. Our findings have broad implications for cholecalciferol as an antiinflammatory intervention against the development of exaggerated immune responses.TRIAL REGISTRATIONclinicaltrials.gov (NCT02968446).FUNDINGNIH and National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS; grants U01AR064144, U01AR071168, P30 AR075049, U54 AR079795, and P30 AR039750 (CWRU)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison K. Ernst
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Spencer T. Evans
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jose-Marc Techner
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert M. Rothbaum
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Luisa F. Christensen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University & Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ummiye Venus Onay
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dauren Biyashev
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael M. Demczuk
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cuong V. Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kord S. Honda
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University & Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas S. McCormick
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University & Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lam C. Tsoi
- Department of dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Kevin D. Cooper
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University & Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kurt Q. Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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13
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Kalemkeridou M, Nanas I, Moutou K, Amiridis GS, Tsipourlianos A, Dovolou E, Mamuris Z, Giannoulis T. Genetic diversity and thermotolerance in Holstein cows: Pathway analysis and marker development using whole-genome sequencing. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:146-157. [PMID: 36196498 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress causes extensive losses in the dairy sector, due to negative effects on milk production and reproduction. Cows have evolved a series of protective mechanisms, (physiological, biochemical, behavioural) to cope with the thermostressing environments, which have allowed the preservation of productive and reproductive potential of specific animals during summer; these animals are considered thermotolerant and could be used to design programs of selective breeding. These programs, targeting the generations of a population of heat-resistant animals, would increase the frequency of the desired phenotypes, tackling the financial losses on one hand and reducing the carbon footprints of the dairy sector on the other. The development of genomics techniques has enabled genome wide variant calling, to detect SNPs associated with the desired phenotypes. In this study, we used a comparative genomics approach to detect genetic variation associated with thermotolerance and to design molecular markers for characterizing the animals as tolerant/sensitive. A total of 40 cows from each group were split in four sequencing pools and a whole-genome sequencing approach was used. Results and conclusion: Genome-wide genetic variation between groups was characterized and enrichment analysis revealed specific pathways which participate in the adaptive mechanisms of thermotolerance, implicated into systemic and cellular responses, including the immune system functionality, Heat Stress and Unfolded Protein Response. The markers made a promising set of results, as specific SNPs in five genes encoding for Heat Shock Proteins were significantly associated with thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kalemkeridou
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Nanas
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
| | - Katerina Moutou
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios S Amiridis
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
| | - Andreas Tsipourlianos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Eleni Dovolou
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece.,Department of Animal Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Zissis Mamuris
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Themistoklis Giannoulis
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.,Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Bioinformatics, Department of Animal Science, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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14
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Thieme CJ, Schulz M, Wehler P, Anft M, Amini L, Blàzquez-Navarro A, Stervbo U, Hecht J, Nienen M, Stittrich AB, Choi M, Zgoura P, Viebahn R, Schmueck-Henneresse M, Reinke P, Westhoff TH, Roch T, Babel N. In vitro and in vivo evidence that the switch from calcineurin to mTOR inhibitors may be a strategy for immunosuppression in Epstein-Barr virus-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Kidney Int 2022; 102:1392-1408. [PMID: 36103953 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder is a life-threatening complication of immunosuppression following transplantation mediated by failure of T cells to control Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected and transformed B cells. Typically, a modification or reduction of immunosuppression is recommended, but insufficiently defined thus far. In order to help delineate this, we characterized EBV-antigen-specific T cells and lymphoblastoid cell lines from healthy donors and in patients with a kidney transplant in the absence or presence of the standard immunosuppressants tacrolimus, cyclosporin A, prednisolone, rapamycin, and mycophenolic acid. Phenotypes of lymphoblastoid cell-lines and T cells, T cell-receptor-repertoire diversity, and T-cell reactivity upon co-culture with autologous lymphoblastoid cell lines were analyzed. Rapamycin and mycophenolic acid inhibited lymphoblastoid cell-line proliferation. T cells treated with prednisolone and rapamycin showed nearly normal cytokine production. Proliferation and the viability of T cells were decreased by mycophenolic acid, while tacrolimus and cyclosporin A were strong suppressors of T-cell function including their killing activity. Overall, our study provides a basis for the clinical decision for the modification and reduction of immunosuppression and adds information to the complex balance of maintaining anti-viral immunity while preventing acute rejection. Thus, an immunosuppressive regime based on mTOR inhibition and reduced or withdrawn calcineurin inhibitors could be a promising strategy for patients with increased risk of or manifested EBV-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin J Thieme
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Malissa Schulz
- Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin (HTW), Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrizia Wehler
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Anft
- Center for Translational Medicine and Immune Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Leila Amini
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arturo Blàzquez-Navarro
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Translational Medicine and Immune Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Ulrik Stervbo
- Center for Translational Medicine and Immune Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Jochen Hecht
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Experimental and Health Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mikalai Nienen
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Mira Choi
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Panagiota Zgoura
- Center for Translational Medicine and Immune Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Richard Viebahn
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Schmueck-Henneresse
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Reinke
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timm H Westhoff
- Center for Translational Medicine and Immune Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Toralf Roch
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Translational Medicine and Immune Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Nina Babel
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Translational Medicine and Immune Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany.
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15
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Ge W, Dong Y, Deng Y, Chen L, Chen J, Liu M, Wu J, Wang W, Ma X. Potential biomarkers: Identifying powerful tumor specific T cells in adoptive cellular therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1003626. [PMID: 36451828 PMCID: PMC9702804 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1003626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-specific T cells (TSTs) are essential components for the success of personalized tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL)-based adoptive cellular therapy (ACT). Therefore, the selection of a common biomarker for screening TSTs in different tumor types, followed by ex vivo expansion to clinical number levels can generate the greatest therapeutic effect. However, studies on shared biomarkers for TSTs have not been realized yet. The present review summarizes the similarities and differences of a number of biomarkers for TSTs in several tumor types studied in the last 5 years, and the advantages of combining biomarkers. In addition, the review discusses the possible shortcomings of current biomarkers and highlights strategies to identify TSTs accurately using intercellular interactions. Finally, the development of TSTs in personalized TIL-based ACT for broader clinical applications is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Ge
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuqian Dong
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yao Deng
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lujuan Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Muqi Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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16
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Gao Y, Yang T, Liu H, Song N, Dai C, Ding Y. Development and characterization of a novel human CD137 agonistic antibody with anti-tumor activity and a good safety profile in non-human primates. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:2166-2178. [PMID: 36176235 PMCID: PMC9714380 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
CD137 (4-1BB, TNFRSF9), an inducible T-cell costimulatory receptor, is expressed on activated T cells, activated NK cells, Treg cells, and several innate immune cells, including DCs, monocytes, neutrophils, mast cells, and eosinophils. In animal models and clinical trials, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibodies have shown anti-tumor potential, but balancing the efficacy and toxicity of anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibodies is a considerable hindrance for clinical applications. Here, we describe a novel fully human CD137 agonistic antibody (PE0116) generated from immunized harbor H2L2 human transgenic mice. PE0116 is a ligand blocker, which is also the case for Utomilumab (one of the leading CD137 agonistic drugs); PE0116 partially overlaps with Urelumab's recognized epitope. In vitro, PE0116 activates NF-κB signaling, significantly promotes T-cell proliferation, and increases cytokine secretion in the presence of cross-linking. Importantly, PE0116 possesses robust anti-tumor activity in the MC38 tumor model. In vivo, PE0116 exhibits a good safety profile and has typical pharmacokinetic characteristics of an IgG antibody in preclinical studies of non-human primates. In summary, PE0116 is a promising anti-CD137 antibody with a good safety profile in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina,Biologics DiscoveryShanghai ChemPartner Co., Ltd.China
| | - Teddy Yang
- Biologics DiscoveryShanghai ChemPartner Co., Ltd.China
| | - Hu Liu
- Biologics DiscoveryShanghai ChemPartner Co., Ltd.China
| | - Ningning Song
- Biologics DiscoveryShanghai ChemPartner Co., Ltd.China
| | - Chaohui Dai
- Biologics DiscoveryShanghai Hyamab Biotechnology Co., Ltd.China
| | - Yu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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17
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Efficacy of bivalent CEACAM6/4-1BBL genetic vaccine combined with anti-PD1 antibody in MC38 tumor model of mice. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10775. [PMID: 36212004 PMCID: PMC9535276 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We used mouse CRC cell line (MC38) to establish a heterotopic mouse model, and applied [89Zr]-labeled PD-L1 antibody KN035 for PET imaging. Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium 3261 was used as an anti-tumor vaccine, and the combined anti-tumor immunotherapy with bivalent genetic vaccine and anti-PD1 antibody Nivolumab was conducted. MicroPET was performed to observe the changes of tumor tissues and expression of PD-L1. We found that the recombinant double-gene plasmids were stably expressed in COS7 cells. Study results showed the combined immunotherapy improved the effectiveness over genetic vaccine alone. This study supports that combination of genetic vaccines and anti-immunocheckpoint immunotherapy can inhibit MC38 tumor growth.
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18
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Mazinani M, Rahbarizadeh F. CAR-T cell potency: from structural elements to vector backbone components. Biomark Res 2022; 10:70. [PMID: 36123710 PMCID: PMC9487061 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00417-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, in which a patient’s own T lymphocytes are engineered to recognize and kill cancer cells, has achieved remarkable success in some hematological malignancies in preclinical and clinical trials, resulting in six FDA-approved CAR-T products currently available in the market. Once equipped with a CAR construct, T cells act as living drugs and recognize and eliminate the target tumor cells in an MHC-independent manner. In this review, we first described all structural modular of CAR in detail, focusing on more recent findings. We then pointed out behind-the-scene elements contributing to CAR expression and reviewed how CAR expression can be drastically affected by the elements embedded in the viral vector backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Mazinani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahbarizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran. .,Research and Development Center of Biotechnology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Hong DS, Gopal AK, Shoushtari AN, Patel SP, He AR, Doi T, Ramalingam SS, Patnaik A, Sandhu S, Chen Y, Davis CB, Fisher TS, Huang B, Fly KD, Ribas A. Utomilumab in Patients With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Refractory Melanoma and Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:897991. [PMID: 35983060 PMCID: PMC9379324 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.897991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Section HeadClinical/translational cancer immunotherapyBackgroundThe goal of this study was to estimate the objective response rate for utomilumab in adults with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-refractory melanoma and non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsUtomilumab was dosed intravenously every 4 weeks (Q4W) and adverse events (AEs) monitored. Tumor responses by RECIST1.1 were assessed by baseline and on-treatment scans. Tumor biopsies were collected for detection of programmed cell death ligand 1, CD8, 4-1BB, perforin, and granzyme B, and gene expression analyzed by next-generation sequencing. CD8+ T cells from healthy donors were stimulated with anti-CD3 ± utomilumab and compared with control.ResultsPatients with melanoma (n=43) and NSCLC (n=20) received utomilumab 0.24 mg/kg (n=36), 1.2 mg/kg (n=26), or 10 mg/kg (n=1). Treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs) occurred in 55 (87.3%) patients and serious TEAEs in 18 (28.6%). Five (7.9%) patients discontinued owing to TEAEs. Thirty-two (50.8%) patients experienced treatment-related AEs, mostly grade 1–2. Objective response rate: 2.3% in patients with melanoma; no confirmed responses for patients with NSCLC. Ten patients each with melanoma (23.3%) or NSCLC (50%) had stable disease; respective median (95% confidence interval, CI) progression-free survival was 1.8 (1.7–1.9) and 3.6 (1.6–6.5) months. Utomilumab exposure increased with dose. The incidences of antidrug and neutralizing antibodies were 46.3% and 19.4%, respectively. Efficacy was associated with immune-active tumor microenvironments, and pharmacodynamic activity appeared to be blunted at higher doses.ConclusionsUtomilumab was well tolerated, but antitumor activity was low in patients who previously progressed on ICIs. The potential of 4-1BB agonists requires additional study to optimize efficacy while maintaining the tolerable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Hong
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: David S. Hong,
| | - Ajay K. Gopal
- National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Alexander N. Shoushtari
- Melanoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sandip P. Patel
- University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Aiwu R. He
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Toshihiko Doi
- National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Suresh S. Ramalingam
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Shahneen Sandhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ying Chen
- Pfizer Oncology, San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Bo Huang
- Pfizer Oncology, Groton, CT, United States
| | | | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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20
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Rojas M, Heuer LS, Zhang W, Chen YG, Ridgway WM. The long and winding road: From mouse linkage studies to a novel human therapeutic pathway in type 1 diabetes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:918837. [PMID: 35935980 PMCID: PMC9353112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.918837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity involves a loss of immune tolerance to self-proteins due to a combination of genetic susceptibility and environmental provocation, which generates autoreactive T and B cells. Genetic susceptibility affects lymphocyte autoreactivity at the level of central tolerance (e.g., defective, or incomplete MHC-mediated negative selection of self-reactive T cells) and peripheral tolerance (e.g., failure of mechanisms to control circulating self-reactive T cells). T regulatory cell (Treg) mediated suppression is essential for controlling peripheral autoreactive T cells. Understanding the genetic control of Treg development and function and Treg interaction with T effector and other immune cells is thus a key goal of autoimmunity research. Herein, we will review immunogenetic control of tolerance in one of the classic models of autoimmunity, the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of autoimmune Type 1 diabetes (T1D). We review the long (and still evolving) elucidation of how one susceptibility gene, Cd137, (identified originally via linkage studies) affects both the immune response and its regulation in a highly complex fashion. The CD137 (present in both membrane and soluble forms) and the CD137 ligand (CD137L) both signal into a variety of immune cells (bi-directional signaling). The overall outcome of these multitudinous effects (either tolerance or autoimmunity) depends upon the balance between the regulatory signals (predominantly mediated by soluble CD137 via the CD137L pathway) and the effector signals (mediated by both membrane-bound CD137 and CD137L). This immune balance/homeostasis can be decisively affected by genetic (susceptibility vs. resistant alleles) and environmental factors (stimulation of soluble CD137 production). The discovery of the homeostatic immune effect of soluble CD137 on the CD137-CD137L system makes it a promising candidate for immunotherapy to restore tolerance in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rojas
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Doctoral Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Luke S. Heuer
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- The Max McGee Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Children’s Research Institute of Children’s Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - William M. Ridgway
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: William M. Ridgway,
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21
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Meednu N, Rangel-Moreno J, Zhang F, Escalera-Rivera K, Corsiero E, Prediletto E, DiCarlo E, Goodman S, Donlin LT, Raychauduri S, Bombardieri M, Pitzalis C, Orange DE, McDavid A, Anolik JH. Dynamic spectrum of ectopic lymphoid B cell activation and hypermutation in the RA synovium characterized by NR4A nuclear receptor expression. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110766. [PMID: 35508128 PMCID: PMC9234997 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS) can develop in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue, but the precise pathways of B cell activation and selection are not well understood. Here, we identify a synovial B cell population characterized by co-expression of a family of orphan nuclear receptors (NR4A1-3), which is highly enriched in RA synovial tissue. A transcriptomic profile of NR4A synovial B cells significantly overlaps with germinal center light zone B cells and an accrual of somatic hypermutation that correlates with loss of naive B cell state. NR4A B cells co-express lymphotoxins α and β and IL-6, supporting functions in ELS promotion. Expanded and shared clones between synovial NR4A B cells and plasma cells and the rapid upregulation with BCR stimulation point to in situ differentiation. Together, we identify a dynamic progression of B cell activation in RA synovial ELS, with NR4A transcription factors having an important role in local adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Meednu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Javier Rangel-Moreno
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katherine Escalera-Rivera
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Elisa Corsiero
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Edoardo Prediletto
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Edward DiCarlo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Susan Goodman
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura T Donlin
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Soumya Raychauduri
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Dana E Orange
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10028, USA
| | - Andrew McDavid
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jennifer H Anolik
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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22
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Bossini-Castillo L, Glinos DA, Kunowska N, Golda G, Lamikanra AA, Spitzer M, Soskic B, Cano-Gamez E, Smyth DJ, Cattermole C, Alasoo K, Mann A, Kundu K, Lorenc A, Soranzo N, Dunham I, Roberts DJ, Trynka G. Immune disease variants modulate gene expression in regulatory CD4 + T cells. CELL GENOMICS 2022; 2:None. [PMID: 35591976 PMCID: PMC9010307 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2022.100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Identifying cellular functions dysregulated by disease-associated variants could implicate novel pathways for drug targeting or modulation in cell therapies. However, follow-up studies can be challenging if disease-relevant cell types are difficult to sample. Variants associated with immune diseases point toward the role of CD4+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells). We mapped genetic regulation (quantitative trait loci [QTL]) of gene expression and chromatin activity in Treg cells, and we identified 133 colocalizing loci with immune disease variants. Colocalizations of immune disease genome-wide association study (GWAS) variants with expression QTLs (eQTLs) controlling the expression of CD28 and STAT5A, involved in Treg cell activation and interleukin-2 (IL-2) signaling, support the contribution of Treg cells to the pathobiology of immune diseases. Finally, we identified seven known drug targets suitable for drug repurposing and suggested 63 targets with drug tractability evidence among the GWAS signals that colocalized with Treg cell QTLs. Our study is the first in-depth characterization of immune disease variant effects on Treg cell gene expression modulation and dysregulation of Treg cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dafni A. Glinos
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalia Kunowska
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gosia Golda
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Abigail A. Lamikanra
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford, UK
- BRC Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michaela Spitzer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Blagoje Soskic
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eddie Cano-Gamez
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Deborah J. Smyth
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Kaur Alasoo
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alice Mann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kousik Kundu
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Lorenc
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian Dunham
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - David J. Roberts
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford, UK
- BRC Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gosia Trynka
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
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23
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Zizzari IG, Di Filippo A, Botticelli A, Strigari L, Pernazza A, Rullo E, Pignataro MG, Ugolini A, Scirocchi F, Di Pietro FR, Rossi E, Gelibter A, Schinzari G, D'Amati G, Rughetti A, Marchetti P, Nuti M, Napoletano C. Circulating CD137+ T Cells Correlate with Improved Response to Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy in Patients with Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:1027-1037. [PMID: 34980602 PMCID: PMC9377756 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE CD137 molecule is expressed by activated lymphocytes, and in patients with cancer identifies the tumor-reactive T cells. In solid tumors, high levels of circulating CD137+ T cells are associated with the clinical response and the disease-free status. Here, we examined the role of the CD137+ T cells in the improvement of patients' selection for immunotherapy treatment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from 109 patients with metastatic cancer (66 patients for the identification cohort and 43 for the validation cohort) were analyzed for the expression of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD137, and PD1 molecules before the beginning of anti-PD1 therapy. Twenty healthy donors were used as control. The soluble form of CD137 (sCD137) was also analyzed. The CD137+ T cell subsets and the sCD137 were correlated with the clinicopathologic characteristics. The distribution of CD137+ T cells was also examined in different tumor settings. RESULTS The percentage of CD137+ T cells was higher in healthy donors and in those patients with a better clinical status (performance status = 0-1, n°metastasis≤2) and these high levels were ascribed to the CD8+CD137+ T cell population. The high frequency of CD137+ and CD8+CD137+ T cells resulted as a prognostic factor of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), respectively, and were confirmed in the validation cohort. High levels of CD3+CD137+PD1+ lymphocytes were associated with a low number of metastasis and longer survival. Instead, the high concentration of the immunosuppressive sCD137 in the serum is associated with a lower PFS and OS. In tumor bed, patients with a complete response showed a high percentage of CD137+ and CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS We propose the CD137+ T subset as an immune biomarker to define the wellness status of the immune system for successful anticancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Grazia Zizzari
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Di Filippo
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Botticelli
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Medical Physics Unit, “S. Orsola-Malpighi” Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angelina Pernazza
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Pathology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emma Rullo
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Pathology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Gemma Pignataro
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Pathology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Ugolini
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Fabio Scirocchi
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Di Pietro
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ernesto Rossi
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alain Gelibter
- Division of Oncology, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Schinzari
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia D'Amati
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Pathology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurelia Rughetti
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Nuti
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Napoletano
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapies, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Corresponding Author: Chiara Napoletano, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, Rome 00161, Italy. Phone: 3906-4997-3025; E-mail:
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Bertol BC, Bales ES, Calhoun JD, Mayberry A, Ledezma ML, Sams SB, Orlicky DJ, Donadi EA, Haugen BR, French JD. Lenvatinib Plus Anti-PD-1 Combination Therapy for Advanced Cancers: Defining Mechanisms of Resistance in an Inducible Transgenic Model of Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2022; 32:153-163. [PMID: 34641722 PMCID: PMC8861922 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2021.0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Combination therapy with lenvatinib plus programmed death-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) is under investigation in many solid tumors, including thyroid cancer. Lenvatinib is known to reduce angiogenesis and may overturn the immunosuppressive effects of vascular endothelial growth factor in the tumor microenvironment. Previous studies investigating the effects of VEGF receptor inhibition on the immune response were performed in rapidly growing tumor models where immune equilibrium is not established before treatment. We hypothesize that physiologically relevant preclinical models are necessary to define mechanisms of resistance to immune-targeted combination therapies. Methods: We utilized the TPO-CreER/BrafV600E/wt/Trp53Δex2-10/Δex2-10 inducible transgenic model of advanced thyroid cancer to investigate lenvatinib treatment in the context of an anti-PD-1 ICB. Following tumor establishment, 3.5 months postinduction, mice were treated with high- (10 mg/kg) or low-dose (2 mg/kg) lenvatinib, anti-PD-1, or combination of lenvatinib with anti-PD-1. Tumor volume and lung metastases were assessed in each group. Immune infiltrate was characterized by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, and TCRß sequencing was performed to further investigate the T cell response. Results: Both low- and high-dose lenvatinib reduced tumor volume, while anti-PD-1 had no effect, alone or in combination. Although both low- and high-dose lenvatinib reduced vascular density, low-dose lenvatinib was superior in controlling tumor size. Lung metastases and survival were not improved with therapy despite the effects of lenvatinib on primary tumor size. Low-dose lenvatinib treatment led to a subtle reduction in the dominant Ly6G+CD11b+ myeloid cell population and was associated with increased CD4+ T cell infiltrate and enrichment in 4-1BB+ and granzyme B+ CD4+ T cells and FoxP3+ regulatory T cells. Polyclonal T cell expansion was evident in the majority of mice, suggesting that a tumor-specific T cell response was generated. Conclusions: The effects of lenvatinib on the immune response were most pronounced in mice treated with low-dose lenvatinib, suggesting that dose should be considered in clinical application. While the immune-modulating potential of lenvatinib is encouraging, alterations in the immune milieu and T cell activation status were insufficient to sustain durable tumor regression, even with added anti-PD-1. Additional studies are necessary to develop more effective combination approaches in low-mutation burden tumors, such as thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna C. Bertol
- Postgraduate Program of Basic and Applied Immunology, Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Elise S. Bales
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jacob D. Calhoun
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alanna Mayberry
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Melissa L. Ledezma
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sharon B. Sams
- Department of Pathology; University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - David J. Orlicky
- Department of Pathology; University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Eduardo A. Donadi
- Postgraduate Program of Basic and Applied Immunology, Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Bryan R. Haugen
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jena D. French
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Address correspondence to: Jena D. French, PhD, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E. 17th Avenue, RC1 South, 7401D, Campus Box 8106, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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25
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Mahmoud AB, Ajina R, Aref S, Darwish M, Alsayb M, Taher M, AlSharif SA, Hashem AM, Alkayyal AA. Advances in immunotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme. Front Immunol 2022; 13:944452. [PMID: 36311781 PMCID: PMC9597698 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.944452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor of the central nervous system and has a very poor prognosis. The current standard of care for patients with GBM involves surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Unfortunately, conventional therapies have not resulted in significant improvements in the survival outcomes of patients with GBM; therefore, the overall mortality rate remains high. Immunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that helps the immune system to fight cancer and has shown success in different types of aggressive cancers. Recently, healthcare providers have been actively investigating various immunotherapeutic approaches to treat GBM. We reviewed the most promising immunotherapy candidates for glioblastoma that have achieved encouraging results in clinical trials, focusing on immune checkpoint inhibitors, oncolytic viruses, nonreplicating viral vectors, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Strategic Research and Innovation Laboratories, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunwarah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, ; Almohanad A. Alkayyal,
| | - Reham Ajina
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Aref
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manar Darwish
- Strategic Research and Innovation Laboratories, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Alsayb
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Taher
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Strategic Research and Innovation Laboratories, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaker A. AlSharif
- King Fahad Hospital, Ministry of Health, Almadinah Almunwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar M. Hashem
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center; King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almohanad A. Alkayyal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, ; Almohanad A. Alkayyal,
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26
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Lisby AN, Carlson RD, Baybutt TR, Weindorfer M, Snook AE. Evaluation of CAR-T cell cytotoxicity: Real-time impedance-based analysis. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 167:81-98. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Li Y, Yin S, Issa R, Tong X, Wang G, Xia J, Huang R, Chen G, Weng D, Chen C, Wu C, Chen Y. B Cell-mediated Humoral Immunity in Chronic Hepatitis B Infection. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2021; 9:592-597. [PMID: 34447690 PMCID: PMC8369012 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2021.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
B cell-mediated humoral immunity plays a vital role in viral infections, including chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which remains a critical global public health issue. Despite hepatitis B surface antigen-specific antibodies are essential to eliminate viral infections, the reduced immune functional capacity of B cells was identified, which was also correlated with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) progression. In addition to B cells, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, which assist B cells to produce antibodies, might also be involved in the process of anti-HBV-specific antibody production. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the role of various subsets of B cells and Tfh cells during CHB progression and discuss current novel treatment strategies aimed at restoring humoral immunity. Understanding the mechanism of dysregulated B cells and Tfh cells will facilitate the ultimate functional cure of CHB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengxia Yin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rahma Issa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guiyang Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Xia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangmei Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Weng
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Correspondence to: Yuxin Chen, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5955-687X. Tel: +86-25-8968-3827, Fax: +86-25-8330-7115, E-mail: ; Wu Chao, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1657-010X. Tel: +86-25-8310-5890, Fax: +86-25-8330-7115, E-mail:
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Correspondence to: Yuxin Chen, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5955-687X. Tel: +86-25-8968-3827, Fax: +86-25-8330-7115, E-mail: ; Wu Chao, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1657-010X. Tel: +86-25-8310-5890, Fax: +86-25-8330-7115, E-mail:
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28
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Ni G, Yang X, Li J, Wu X, Liu Y, Li H, Chen S, Fogarty CE, Frazer IH, Chen G, Liu X, Wang T. Intratumoral injection of caerin 1.1 and 1.9 peptides increases the efficacy of vaccinated TC-1 tumor-bearing mice with PD-1 blockade by modulating macrophage heterogeneity and the activation of CD8 + T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1335. [PMID: 34429969 PMCID: PMC8369845 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Developing a vaccine formula that alters the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to be more immune active against a tumor is key to the improvement of clinical responses to immunotherapy. Here, we demonstrate that, in conjunction with E7 antigen-specific immunotherapy, and IL-10 and PD-1 blockade, intratumoral administration of caerin 1.1/1.9 peptides improves TC-1 tumor microenvironment (TME) to be more immune active than injection of a control peptide. METHODS We compared the survival time of vaccinated TC-1 tumor-bearing mice with PD-1 and IL-10 blockade, in combination with a further injection of caerin 1.1/1.9 or control peptides. The tumor-infiltrating haematopoietic cells were examined by flow cytometry. Single-cell transcriptomics and proteomics were used to quantify changes in cellular activity across different cell types within the TME. RESULTS The injection of caerin 1.1/1.9 increased the efficacy of vaccinated TC-1 tumor-bearing mice with anti-PD-1 treatment and largely expanded the populations of macrophages and NK cells with higher immune activation level, while reducing immunosuppressive macrophages. More activated CD8+ T cells were induced with higher populations of memory and effector-memory CD8+ T subsets. Computational integration of the proteome with the single-cell transcriptome supported activation of Stat1-modulated apoptosis and significant reduction in immune-suppressive B-cell function following caerin 1.1 and 1.9 treatment. CONCLUSIONS Caerin 1.1/1.9-containing treatment results in improved antitumor responses. Harnessing the novel candidate genes preferentially enriched in the immune active cell populations may allow further exploration of distinct macrophages, T cells and their functions in TC-1 tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoying Ni
- Cancer Research InstituteFirst People’s Hospital of FoshanFoshanGuangdongChina
- Genecology Research CentreUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydore DCQLDAustralia
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical SchoolGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaodan Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical SchoolGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Junjie Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical SchoolGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaolian Wu
- Cancer Research InstituteFirst People’s Hospital of FoshanFoshanGuangdongChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Cancer Research InstituteFirst People’s Hospital of FoshanFoshanGuangdongChina
| | - Hejie Li
- Genecology Research CentreUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydore DCQLDAustralia
| | - Shu Chen
- Cancer Research InstituteFirst People’s Hospital of FoshanFoshanGuangdongChina
| | - Conor E Fogarty
- Genecology Research CentreUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydore DCQLDAustralia
| | - Ian H Frazer
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Queensland Diamantina InstituteTranslational Research InstituteThe University of QueenslandWoolloongabbaQLDAustralia
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Cancer Research InstituteFirst People’s Hospital of FoshanFoshanGuangdongChina
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- Cancer Research InstituteFirst People’s Hospital of FoshanFoshanGuangdongChina
- Genecology Research CentreUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydore DCQLDAustralia
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical SchoolGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Genecology Research CentreUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydore DCQLDAustralia
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29
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Etxeberria I, Glez-Vaz J, Teijeira Á, Melero I. New emerging targets in cancer immunotherapy: CD137/4-1BB costimulatory axis. ESMO Open 2021; 4:e000733. [PMID: 32611557 PMCID: PMC7333812 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CD137 (4-1BB) is a surface glycoprotein that belongs to the tumour necrosis factor receptor family (TNFRSF9). Its expression is induced on activation on a number of leucocyte types. Interestingly, for cancer immunotherapy, CD137 becomes expressed on primed T and natural killer (NK) cells, which on ligation provides powerful costimulatory signals. Perturbation of CD137 by CD137L or agonist monoclonal antibodies on activated CD8 T cells protects such antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes from apoptosis, enhances effector functionalities and favours persistence and memory differentiation. As a consequence, agonist antibodies exert potent antitumour effects in mouse models and the CD137 signalling domain is critical in chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) of CAR T cells approved to be used in the clinic. New formats of CD137 agonist moieties are being clinically developed, seeking potent costimulation targeted to the tumour microenvironment to avoid liver inflammation side effects, that have thus far limited and delayed clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Etxeberria
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Javier Glez-Vaz
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Álvaro Teijeira
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; Department of Immunology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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30
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Mascarelli DE, Rosa RSM, Toscaro JM, Semionatto IF, Ruas LP, Fogagnolo CT, Lima GC, Bajgelman MC. Boosting Antitumor Response by Costimulatory Strategies Driven to 4-1BB and OX40 T-cell Receptors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:692982. [PMID: 34277638 PMCID: PMC8277962 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.692982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy explores several strategies to enhance the host immune system’s ability to detect and eliminate cancer cells. The use of antibodies that block immunological checkpoints, such as anti–programed death 1/programed death 1 ligand and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4, is widely recognized to generate a long-lasting antitumor immune response in several types of cancer. Evidence indicates that the elimination of tumors by T cells is the key for tumor control. It is well known that costimulatory and coinhibitory pathways are critical regulators in the activation of T cells. Besides blocking checkpoints inhibitors, the agonistic signaling on costimulatory molecules also plays an important role in T-cell activation and antitumor response. Therefore, molecules driven to costimulatory pathways constitute promising targets in cancer therapy. The costimulation of tumor necrosis factor superfamily receptors on lymphocytes surface may transduce signals that control the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and effector functions of these immune cells. Among the members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, there are 4-1BB and OX40. Several clinical studies have been carried out targeting these molecules, with agonist monoclonal antibodies, and preclinical studies exploring their ligands and other experimental approaches. In this review, we discuss functional aspects of 4-1BB and OX40 costimulation, as well as the progress of its application in immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele E Mascarelli
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rhubia S M Rosa
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jessica M Toscaro
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Medical School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Isadora F Semionatto
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Luciana P Ruas
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carolinne T Fogagnolo
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Medical School of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gabriel C Lima
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Pro Rectory of Graduation, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio C Bajgelman
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Medical School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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31
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Claeys E, Pauwels E, Humblet-Baron S, Provinciael B, Schols D, Waer M, Sprangers B, Vermeire K. Small Molecule Cyclotriazadisulfonamide Abrogates the Upregulation of the Human Receptors CD4 and 4-1BB and Suppresses In Vitro Activation and Proliferation of T Lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:650731. [PMID: 33968048 PMCID: PMC8097030 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.650731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The small molecule cyclotriazadisulfonamide (CADA) down-modulates the human CD4 receptor, an important factor in T cell activation. Here, we addressed the immunosuppressive potential of CADA using different activation models. CADA inhibited lymphocyte proliferation with low cellular toxicity in a mixed lymphocyte reaction, and when human PBMCs were stimulated with CD3/CD28 beads, phytohemagglutinin or anti-CD3 antibodies. The immunosuppressive effect of CADA involved both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells but was, surprisingly, most prominent in the CD8+ T cell subpopulation where it inhibited cell-mediated lympholysis. Immunosuppression by CADA was characterized by suppressed secretion of various cytokines, and reduced CD25, phosphoSTAT5 and CTPS-1 levels. We discovered a direct down-modulatory effect of CADA on 4-1BB (CD137) expression, a survival factor for activated CD8+ T cells. More specifically, CADA blocked 4‑1BB protein biosynthesis by inhibition of its co-translational translocation into the ER in a signal peptide-dependent way. Taken together, this study demonstrates that CADA, as potent down-modulator of human CD4 and 4‑1BB receptor, has promising immunomodulatory characteristics. This would open up new avenues toward chemotherapeutics that act as selective protein down-modulators to treat various human immunological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Claeys
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva Pauwels
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Humblet-Baron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Becky Provinciael
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark Waer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Tracheal Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ben Sprangers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kurt Vermeire
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
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32
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CD137 + T-Cells: Protagonists of the Immunotherapy Revolution. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030456. [PMID: 33530328 PMCID: PMC7866028 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The CD137 receptor is expressed by activated antigen-specific T-cells. CD137+ T-cells were identified inside TILs and PBMCs of different tumor types and have proven to be the naturally occurring antitumor effector cells, capable of expressing a wide variability in terms of TCR specificity against both shared and neoantigenic tumor-derived peptides. The aim of this review is thus summarizing and highlighting their role as drivers of patients’ immune responses in anticancer therapies as well as their potential role in future and current strategies of immunotherapy. Abstract The CD137 receptor (4-1BB, TNF RSF9) is an activation induced molecule expressed by antigen-specific T-cells. The engagement with its ligand, CD137L, is capable of increasing T-cell survival, proliferation, and cytokine production. This allowed to identify the CD137+ T-cells as the real tumor-specific activated T-cell population. In fact, these cells express various TCRs that are specific for a wide range of tumor-derived peptides, both shared and neoantigenic ones. Moreover, their prevalence in sites close to the tumor and their unicity in killing cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, raised particular interest in studying their potential role in different strategies of immunotherapy. They indeed showed to be a reliable marker able to predict patient’s outcome to immune-based therapies as well as monitor their response. In addition, the possibility of isolating and expanding this population, turned promising in order to generate effector antitumor T-cells in the context of adoptive T-cell therapies. CD137-targeting monoclonal antibodies have already shown their antitumor efficacy in cancer patients and a number of clinical trials are thus ongoing to test their possible introduction in different combination approaches of immunotherapy. Finally, the intracellular domain of the CD137 receptor was introduced in the anti-CD19 CAR-T cells that were approved by FDA for the treatment of pediatric B-cell leukemia and refractory B-cell lymphoma.
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Lee KH, Gowrishankar K, Street J, McGuire HM, Luciani F, Hughes B, Singh M, Clancy LE, Gottlieb DJ, Micklethwaite KP, Blyth E. Ex vivo enrichment of PRAME antigen-specific T cells for adoptive immunotherapy using CD137 activation marker selection. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1200. [PMID: 33101678 PMCID: PMC7577233 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Adoptive immunotherapy with ex vivo expanded tumor‐specific T cells has potential as anticancer therapy. Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is an attractive target overexpressed in several cancers including melanoma and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), with low expression in normal tissue outside the gonads. We developed a GMP‐compliant manufacturing method for PRAME‐specific T cells from healthy donors for adoptive immunotherapy. Methods Mononuclear cells were pulsed with PRAME 15‐mer overlapping peptide mix. After 16 h, activated cells expressing CD137 were isolated with immunomagnetic beads and cocultured with irradiated CD137neg fraction in medium supplemented with interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐7 and IL‐15. Cultured T cells were restimulated with antigen‐pulsed autologous cells after 10 days. Cellular phenotype and cytokine response following antigen re‐exposure were assessed with flow cytometry, enzyme‐linked immunospot (ELISPOT) and supernatant cytokine detection. Detailed phenotypic and functional analysis with mass cytometry and T‐cell receptor (TCR) beta clonality studies were performed on selected cultures. Results PRAME‐stimulated cultures (n = 10) had mean expansion of 2500‐fold at day 18. Mean CD3+ percentage was 96% with CD4:CD8 ratio of 4:1. Re‐exposure to PRAME peptide mixture showed enrichment of CD4 cells expressing interferon (IFN)‐γ (mean: 12.2%) and TNF‐α (mean: 19.7%). Central and effector memory cells were 23% and 72%, respectively, with 24% T cells expressing PD1. Mass cytometry showed predominance of Th1 phenotype (CXCR3+/CCR4neg/CCR6neg/Tbet+, mean: 73%) and cytokine production including IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐8, IL‐13 and GM‐CSF (2%, 6%, 8%, 4% and 11%, respectively). Conclusion PRAME‐specific T cells for adoptive immunotherapy were enriched from healthy donor mononuclear cells. The products were oligoclonal, exhibited Th1 phenotype and produced multiple cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koon H Lee
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research Westmead NSW Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney Medical School Sydney NSW Australia
| | | | - Janine Street
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research Westmead NSW Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney Medical School Sydney NSW Australia.,Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,Discipline of Pathology Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia
| | - Fabio Luciani
- The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales Darlinghurst NSW Australia
| | - Brendan Hughes
- The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales Darlinghurst NSW Australia
| | - Mandeep Singh
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research Darlinghurst NSW Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School Faculty of Medicine UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Leighton E Clancy
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research Westmead NSW Australia.,Sydney Cellular Therapies Laboratory Westmead NSW Australia
| | - David J Gottlieb
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research Westmead NSW Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney Medical School Sydney NSW Australia.,Department of Haematology Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW Australia
| | - Kenneth P Micklethwaite
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research Westmead NSW Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney Medical School Sydney NSW Australia.,Department of Haematology Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW Australia
| | - Emily Blyth
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research Westmead NSW Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney Medical School Sydney NSW Australia.,Department of Haematology Westmead Hospital Westmead NSW Australia
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Li Q, Ding ZY. The Ways of Isolating Neoantigen-Specific T Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1347. [PMID: 32850430 PMCID: PMC7431921 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the standard of care for a range of malignancies. Accumulating evidence suggests that the success of immunotherapy is likely attributable to neoantigen-specific T cells. Thus, adoptive cell therapy with these neoantigen-specific T cells is highly promising. This strategy has proven to successfully elicit tumor regression or even complete remission in metastatic cancer patients. However, a fundamental challenge is to effectively identify and isolate neoantigen-specific T cells or their T cell receptors (TCRs), from either tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), and many methods have been developed to this end. In this review, we focus on the current proposed strategies for identifying and isolating neoantigen-specific T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Ding
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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35
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Foda BM, Ciecko AE, Serreze DV, Ridgway WM, Geurts AM, Chen YG. The CD137 Ligand Is Important for Type 1 Diabetes Development but Dispensable for the Homeostasis of Disease-Suppressive CD137 + FOXP3 + Regulatory CD4 T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2020; 204:2887-2899. [PMID: 32295876 PMCID: PMC7296588 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
CD137 modulates type 1 diabetes (T1D) progression in NOD mice. We previously showed that CD137 expression in CD4 T cells inhibits T1D, but its expression in CD8 T cells promotes disease development by intrinsically enhancing the accumulation of β-cell-autoreactive CD8 T cells. CD137 is expressed on a subset of FOXP3+ regulatory CD4 T cells (Tregs), and CD137+ Tregs are the main source of soluble CD137. Soluble CD137 suppresses T cells in vitro by binding to the CD137 ligand (CD137L) upregulated on activated T cells. To further study how the opposing functions of CD137 are regulated, we successfully targeted Tnfsf9 (encoding CD137L) in NOD mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 system (designated NOD.Tnfsf9 -/-). Relative to wild-type NOD mice, T1D development in the NOD.Tnfsf9 -/- strain was significantly delayed, and mice developed less insulitis and had reduced frequencies of β-cell-autoreactive CD8 T cells. Bone marrow chimera experiments showed that CD137L-deficient hematopoietic cells were able to confer T1D resistance. Adoptive T cell transfer experiments showed that CD137L deficiency on myeloid APCs was associated with T1D suppression. Conversely, lack of CD137L on T cells enhanced their diabetogenic activity. Furthermore, neither CD137 nor CD137L was required for the development and homeostasis of FOXP3+ Tregs. However, CD137 was critical for the in vivo T1D-suppressive activity of FOXP3+ Tregs, suggesting that the interaction between CD137 and CD137L regulates their function. Collectively, our results provide new insights into the complex roles of CD137-CD137L interaction in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bardees M Foda
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Enzymology, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Egypt
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Max McGee National Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Ashley E Ciecko
- Max McGee National Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | | | - William M Ridgway
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Aron M Geurts
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; and
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226;
- Max McGee National Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
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Recombinant Costimulatory Fusion Proteins as Functional Immunomodulators Enhance Antitumor Activity in Murine B16F10 Melanoma. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020223. [PMID: 32423130 PMCID: PMC7349950 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Blocking inhibitory signaling and engaging stimulatory signaling have emerged as important therapeutic modalities for cancer immunotherapy. This study aimed to investigate immunomodulatory features of three recombinant costimulatory ligand proteins in a mouse model, which are extracellular domains of OX40-ligand (OX40L), 4-1BB-ligand (4-1BBL), or two domains in tandem, fused with the transmembrane domain of diphtheria toxin (DTT), named DTT-COS1, DTT-COS2, and DTT-COS12, respectively. In vitro study showed that DTT-COS1 and DTT-COS12 had immunological activity increasing the ratio of CD8/CD4 T cells. Treatments with DTT-COS1 and DTT-COS12 dramatically generated immune protection against the B16F10 tumor challenge in both prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, regarding tumor microenvironment (TME) immunomodulation, DTT-COS1 treatment increased the proportion of CD4+ effector T cells (Teff) and decreased the expression of a suppressive cytokine. Meanwhile, DTT-COS12 reduced regulatory T cells (Treg) and improved the level of stimulatory cytokines. In addition, endogenous antibodies against OX40L/4-1BBL were generated, which may help with antitumor responses. Unexpectedly, DTT-COS2 lacked antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, serum analysis of liver-function associated factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines demonstrated that treatments were safe formulations in mice without signs of systemic toxicity. Remarkably, DTT-COS1 and DTT-COS12 are functional immunomodulators for mouse B16F10 melanoma, creating practical preclinical value in cancer immunotherapy.
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Expanding the Spectrum of Adenoviral Vectors for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051139. [PMID: 32370135 PMCID: PMC7281331 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoviral vectors (AdVs) have attracted much attention in the fields of vaccine development and treatment for diseases such as genetic disorders and cancer. In this review, we discuss the utility of AdVs in cancer therapies. In recent years, AdVs were modified as oncolytic AdVs (OAs) that possess the characteristics of cancer cell-specific replication and killing. Different carriers such as diverse cells and extracellular vesicles are being explored for delivering OAs into cancer sites after systemic administration. In addition, there are also various strategies to improve cancer-specific replication of OAs, mainly through modifying the early region 1 (E1) of the virus genome. It has been documented that oncolytic viruses (OVs) function through stimulating the immune system, resulting in the inhibition of cancer progression and, in combination with classical immune modulators, the anti-cancer effect of OAs can be even further enforced. To enhance the cancer treatment efficacy, OAs are also combined with other standard treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) has mainly been explored to develop vectors for cancer treatment with different modulations. Only a limited number of the more than 100 identified AdV types were converted into OAs and, therefore, the construction of an adenovirus library for the screening of potential novel OA candidates is essential. Here, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of currently performed and completed clinic trials with OAs and an adenovirus library, providing novel possibilities for developing innovative adenoviral vectors for cancer treatment.
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Chen R, Ganesan A, Okoye I, Arutyunova E, Elahi S, Lemieux MJ, Barakat K. Targeting B7‐1 in immunotherapy. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:654-682. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Aravindhan Ganesan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Isobel Okoye
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Elena Arutyunova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of VirologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta Canada
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta Canada
| | - M. Joanne Lemieux
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Khaled Barakat
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of VirologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton Alberta Canada
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Quintella CM, Quintella HM, Rohweder M, Quintella GM. Advances in patent applications related to cancer vaccine using CpG-ODN and OX40 association. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2020; 30:287-301. [PMID: 32008403 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2020.1724960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: This review aims to assess the available technologies, advances, and trends from technological readiness level 4 to level 8 for cancer immunologic therapeutics using the association of OX40 and CPG-ODN, usually known as cancer vaccine.Areas covered: Patent documents and clinic studies referring to the use of CpG-ODN and of OX40 association for cancer therapeutics. Patent data were obtained within the worldwide basis of the European Patent Office (EPO). The 138 patents of 36 patent families found were analyzed focusing on word distribution of technology developers and potential markets, legal status, annual evolution of first priority, technological domains, applicants and co-applicants and detailed analysis of each technology. Two clinical studies are in progress.Expert opinion: Traditional methods in post cancer diagnosis are being replaced by immunological association therapies. It is expected that the development of cancer vaccines will expand the scope of cancer-specific immunotherapy, especially if associated with alternative systems for expression and delivery with future potential. It is expected that genetic and controlled and/or specific nano delivery are improved. Furthermore, these new developments will likely address the problem of long-term treatments, reducing cancer mortality and reducing patient numbers worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Quintella
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Salvador, BA, Brasil.,Medicine School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Heitor M Quintella
- PROFNIT - Postgraduate Program on Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer for Innovation, Federal University of Bahia, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Mayla Rohweder
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Salvador, BA, Brasil.,Medicine School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,CEPARH - Research and Assistance Center on Human Reproduction, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Quintella
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Salvador, BA, Brasil.,Medicine School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,Quintellar Legal Consulting Company, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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40
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Comprehensive analysis of tumor necrosis factor receptor TNFRSF9 (4-1BB) DNA methylation with regard to molecular and clinicopathological features, immune infiltrates, and response prediction to immunotherapy in melanoma. EBioMedicine 2020; 52:102647. [PMID: 32028068 PMCID: PMC6997575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibition, has remarkably improved prognosis in advanced melanoma. Despite this success, acquired resistance is still a major challenge. The T cell costimulatory receptor TNFRSF9 (also known as 4-1BB and CD137) is a promising new target for immunotherapy and two agonistic antibodies are currently tested in clinical trials. However, little is known about epigenetic regulation of the encoding gene. In this study we investigate a possible correlation of TNFRSF9 DNA methylation with gene expression, clinicopathological parameters, molecular and immune correlates, and response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy to assess the validity of TNFRSF9 methylation to serve as a biomarker. METHODS We performed a correlation analyses of methylation at twelve CpG sites within TNFRSF9 with regard to transcriptional activity, immune cell infiltration, mutation status, and survival in a cohort of N = 470 melanoma patients obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Furthermore, we used quantitative methylation-specific PCR to confirm correlations in a cohort of N = 115 melanoma patients' samples (UHB validation cohort). Finally, we tested the ability of TNFRSF9 methylation and expression to predict progression-free survival (PFS) and response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in a cohort comprised of N = 121 patients (mRNA transcription), (mRNA ICB cohort) and a case-control study including N = 48 patients (DNA methylation, UHB ICB cohort). FINDINGS We found a significant inverse correlation between TNFRSF9 DNA methylation and mRNA expression levels at six of twelve analyzed CpG sites (P ≤ 0.005), predominately located in the promoter flank region. Consistent with its role as costimulatory receptor in immune cells, TNFRSF9 mRNA expression and hypomethylation positively correlated with immune cell infiltrates and an interferon-γ signature. Furthermore, elevated TNFRSF9 mRNA expression and TNFRSF9 hypomethylation correlated with superior overall survival. In patients receiving anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (mRNA ICB cohort), we found that TNFRSF9 hypermethylation and reduced mRNA expression correlated with poor PFS and response. INTERPRETATION Our study suggests that TNFRSF9 mRNA expression is regulated via DNA methylation. The observed correlations between TNFRSF9 DNA methylation or mRNA expression with known features of response to immune checkpoint blockage suggest TNFRSF9 methylation could serve as a biomarker in the context of immunotherapies. Concordantly, we identified a correlation between TNFRSF9 DNA methylation and mRNA expression with disease progression in patients under immunotherapy. Our study provides rationale for further investigating TNFRSF9 DNA methylation as a predictive biomarker for response to immunotherapy. FUNDING AF was partly funded by the Mildred Scheel Foundation. SF received funding from the University Hospital Bonn BONFOR program (O-105.0069). DN was funded in part by DFG Cluster of Excellence ImmunoSensation (EXC 1023). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, interpretation, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript; or any aspect pertinent to the study.
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Activation-induced surface proteins in the identification of antigen-responsive CD4 T cells. Immunol Lett 2019; 219:1-7. [PMID: 31881234 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Identification of antigen specificity of CD4 T cells is instrumental in understanding adaptive immune responses in health and disease. The high diversity of CD4 T cell repertoire combined with the functional heterogeneity of the compartment poses a challenge to the assessment of CD4 T cell responses. In spite of that, multiple technologies allow direct or indirect interrogation of antigen specificity of CD4 T cells. In the last decade, multiple surface proteins have been established as cytokine-independent surrogates of in vitro CD4 T cell activation, and have found applications in the live identification and isolation of antigen-responsive CD4 T cells. Here we review the current knowledge of the surface proteins that permit identification of viable antigen-responsive CD4 T cells with high specificity, including those capable of identifying specialized CD4 T subsets such as germinal center follicular helper T cells and CD4 regulatory T cells.
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Etxeberria I, Bolaños E, Quetglas JI, Gros A, Villanueva A, Palomero J, Sánchez-Paulete AR, Piulats JM, Matias-Guiu X, Olivera I, Ochoa MC, Labiano S, Garasa S, Rodriguez I, Vidal A, Mancheño U, Hervás-Stubbs S, Azpilikueta A, Otano I, Aznar MA, Sanmamed MF, Inogés S, Berraondo P, Teijeira Á, Melero I. Intratumor Adoptive Transfer of IL-12 mRNA Transiently Engineered Antitumor CD8 + T Cells. Cancer Cell 2019; 36:613-629.e7. [PMID: 31761658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Retroviral gene transfer of interleukin-12 (IL-12) into T cells markedly enhances antitumor efficacy upon adoptive transfer but has clinically shown unacceptable severe side effects. To overcome the toxicity, we engineered tumor-specific CD8+ T cells to transiently express IL-12. Engineered T cells injected intratumorally, but not intravenously, led to complete rejections not only of the injected lesion but also of distant concomitant tumors. Efficacy was further enhanced by co-injection with agonist anti-CD137 mAb or by transient co-expression of CD137 ligand. This treatment induced epitope spreading of the endogenous CD8+ T cell immune response in a manner dependent on cDC1 dendritic cells. Mouse and human tumor-infiltrating T lymphocyte cultures can be transiently IL-12 engineered to attain marked immunotherapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Etxeberria
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elixabet Bolaños
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose I Quetglas
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alena Gros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (V.H.I.O.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Program against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jara Palomero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (V.H.I.O.), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfonso R Sánchez-Paulete
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose María Piulats
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Program against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRB-Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Olivera
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria C Ochoa
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Labiano
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Saray Garasa
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Rodriguez
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - August Vidal
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Uxua Mancheño
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sandra Hervás-Stubbs
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arantza Azpilikueta
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Otano
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - M Angela Aznar
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel F Sanmamed
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Susana Inogés
- Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Teijeira
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Avenida de Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Cohen EEW, Pishvaian MJ, Shepard DR, Wang D, Weiss J, Johnson ML, Chung CH, Chen Y, Huang B, Davis CB, Toffalorio F, Thall A, Powell SF. A phase Ib study of utomilumab (PF-05082566) in combination with mogamulizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:342. [PMID: 31801624 PMCID: PMC6894203 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0815-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expressed on activated T and natural killer cells, 4-1BB/CD137 is a costimulatory receptor that signals a series of events resulting in cytokine secretion and enhanced effector function. Targeting 4-1BB/CD137 with agonist antibodies has been associated with tumor reduction and antitumor immunity. C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is highly expressed in various solid tumor indications and associated with poor prognosis. This phase Ib, open-label study in patients with advanced solid tumors assessed the safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of utomilumab (PF-05082566), a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) agonist of the T-cell costimulatory receptor 4-1BB/CD137, in combination with mogamulizumab, a humanized mAb targeting CCR4 reported to deplete subsets of regulatory T cells (Tregs). METHODS Utomilumab 1.2-5 mg/kg or 100 mg flat dose every 4 weeks plus mogamulizumab 1 mg/kg (weekly in Cycle 1 followed by biweekly in Cycles ≥2) was administered intravenously to 24 adults with solid tumors. Blood was collected pre- and post-dose for assessment of drug pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and pharmacodynamic markers. Baseline tumor biopsies from a subset of patients were also analyzed for the presence of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), CD8, FoxP3, and 4-1BB/CD137. Radiologic tumor assessments were conducted at baseline and on treatment every 8 weeks. RESULTS No dose-limiting toxicities occurred and the maximum tolerated dose was determined to be at least 2.4 mg/kg per the time-to-event continual reassessment method. No serious adverse events related to either treatment were observed; anemia was the only grade 3 non-serious adverse event related to both treatments. Utomilumab systemic exposure appeared to increase with dose. One patient with PD-L1-refractory squamous lung cancer achieved a best overall response of partial response and 9 patients had a best overall response of stable disease. No patients achieved complete response. Objective response rate was 4.2% (95% confidence interval: 0.1-21.1%) per RECIST 1.1. Depletion of Tregs in peripheral blood was accompanied by evidence of T-cell expansion as assessed by T-cell receptor sequence analysis. CONCLUSIONS The combination of utomilumab/mogamulizumab was safe and tolerable, and may be suitable for evaluation in settings where CCR4-expressing Tregs are suppressing anticancer immunity. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02444793.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra E W Cohen
- UC San Diego Health, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | | | | | - Ding Wang
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jared Weiss
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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44
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Li D, Li X, Zhou WL, Huang Y, Liang X, Jiang L, Yang X, Sun J, Li Z, Han WD, Wang W. Genetically engineered T cells for cancer immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:35. [PMID: 31637014 PMCID: PMC6799837 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0070-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells in the immune system protect the human body from infection by pathogens and clear mutant cells through specific recognition by T cell receptors (TCRs). Cancer immunotherapy, by relying on this basic recognition method, boosts the antitumor efficacy of T cells by unleashing the inhibition of immune checkpoints and expands adaptive immunity by facilitating the adoptive transfer of genetically engineered T cells. T cells genetically equipped with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) or TCRs have shown remarkable effectiveness in treating some hematological malignancies, although the efficacy of engineered T cells in treating solid tumors is far from satisfactory. In this review, we summarize the development of genetically engineered T cells, outline the most recent studies investigating genetically engineered T cells for cancer immunotherapy, and discuss strategies for improving the performance of these T cells in fighting cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Lin Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310058 Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Laboratory of Stem cell and Immunotherapy Engineering, 310058 Zhejing, China
| | - Zonghai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, China
- CARsgen Therapeutics, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Dong Han
- Molecular & Immunological Department, Biotherapeutic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China
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45
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Deng J, Zhao S, Zhang X, Jia K, Wang H, Zhou C, He Y. OX40 (CD134) and OX40 ligand, important immune checkpoints in cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7347-7353. [PMID: 31564917 PMCID: PMC6735535 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s214211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has shown promising results in cancer treatment. Research shows that most patients might be resistant to these therapies. So, new immune therapies are needed. OX40 (CD134) and OX40 ligand (OX40L), costimulatory molecules, express on different types of immune cells. The interaction between OX40 and OX40L (OX40/OX40L) induces the expansion and proliferation of T cells and decreases the immunosuppression of regulatory T (Treg) cells to enhance the immune response to the specific antigen. For the important role OX40 takes in the process of immunity, many clinical trials are focusing on OX40 to find out whether it may have active effects in clinical cancer treatment. The results of clinical trials are still not enough. So, we reviewed the OX40 and its ligand (OX40L) function in cancer, clinical trials with OX40/OX40L and the correlation between OX40/OX40L and other immune checkpoints to add more ideas to tumor feasible treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyi Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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46
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Geltink RIK, Kyle RL, Pearce EL. Unraveling the Complex Interplay Between T Cell Metabolism and Function. Annu Rev Immunol 2019; 36:461-488. [PMID: 29677474 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 493] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism drives function, on both an organismal and a cellular level. In T cell biology, metabolic remodeling is intrinsically linked to cellular development, activation, function, differentiation, and survival. After naive T cells are activated, increased demands for metabolic currency in the form of ATP, as well as biomass for cell growth, proliferation, and the production of effector molecules, are met by rewiring cellular metabolism. Consequently, pharmacological strategies are being developed to perturb or enhance selective metabolic processes that are skewed in immune-related pathologies. Here we review the most recent advances describing the metabolic changes that occur during the T cell lifecycle. We discuss how T cell metabolism can have profound effects on health and disease and where it might be a promising target to treat a variety of pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon I Klein Geltink
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany;
| | - Ryan L Kyle
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany;
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany;
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47
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Konstorum A, Vella AT, Adler AJ, Laubenbacher RC. A mathematical model of combined CD8 T cell costimulation by 4-1BB (CD137) and OX40 (CD134) receptors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10862. [PMID: 31350431 PMCID: PMC6659676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined agonist stimulation of the TNFR costimulatory receptors 4-1BB (CD137) and OX40(CD134) has been shown to generate supereffector CD8 T cells that clonally expand to greater levels, survive longer, and produce a greater quantity of cytokines compared to T cells stimulated with an agonist of either costimulatory receptor individually. In order to understand the mechanisms for this effect, we have created a mathematical model for the activation of the CD8 T cell intracellular signaling network by mono- or dual-costimulation. We show that supereffector status is generated via downstream interacting pathways that are activated upon engagement of both receptors, and in silico simulations of the model are supported by published experimental results. The model can thus be used to identify critical molecular targets of T cell dual-costimulation in the context of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Konstorum
- Center for Quantitative Medicine, School of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, USA.
| | - Anthony T Vella
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Adam J Adler
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Reinhard C Laubenbacher
- Center for Quantitative Medicine, School of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, USA.,Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, USA
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48
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Couture A, Garnier A, Docagne F, Boyer O, Vivien D, Le-Mauff B, Latouche JB, Toutirais O. HLA-Class II Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells in CD4 + T Cell-Based Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1081. [PMID: 31156634 PMCID: PMC6533590 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T cells differentiate into various T helper subsets characterized by distinct cytokine secreting profiles that confer them effector functions adapted to a variety of infectious or endogenous threats. Regulatory CD4+ T cells are another specialized subset that plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of immune tolerance to self-antigens. Manipulating effector or regulatory CD4+ T cells responses is a promising immunotherapy strategy for, respectively, chronical viral infections and cancer, or severe autoimmune diseases and transplantation. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is an emerging approach that necessitates defining robust and efficient methods for the in vitro expansion of antigen-specific T cells then infused into patients. To address this challenge, artificial antigen presenting cells (AAPCs) have been developed. They constitute a reliable and easily usable platform to stimulate and amplify antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. Here, we review the recent advances in understanding the functions of CD4+ T cells in immunity and in immune tolerance, and their use for ACT. We also describe the characteristics of different AAPC models and the way to improve their stimulating functions. Finally, we discuss the potential interest of these AAPCs, both as fundamental tools to decipher CD4+ T cell responses and as reagents to generate clinical grade antigen-specific CD4+ T cells for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Couture
- UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Anthony Garnier
- Inserm U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Fabian Docagne
- Inserm U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Olivier Boyer
- Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Inserm U1234, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Inserm U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Brigitte Le-Mauff
- Inserm U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
- Department of Immunology and Immunopathology, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Latouche
- UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Rouen, France
- Department of Genetics, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Olivier Toutirais
- Inserm U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
- Department of Immunology and Immunopathology, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
- French Blood Service (Etablissement Français du Sang), Caen, France
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49
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Zapata JM, Perez-Chacon G, Carr-Baena P, Martinez-Forero I, Azpilikueta A, Otano I, Melero I. CD137 (4-1BB) Signalosome: Complexity Is a Matter of TRAFs. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2618. [PMID: 30524423 PMCID: PMC6262405 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CD137 (4-1BB, Tnsfr9) is a member of the TNF-receptor (TNFR) superfamily without known intrinsic enzymatic activity in its cytoplasmic domain. Hence, akin to other members of the TNFR family, it relies on the TNFR-Associated-Factor (TRAF) family of adaptor proteins to build the CD137 signalosome for transducing signals into the cell. Thus, upon CD137 activation by binding of CD137L trimers or by crosslinking with agonist monoclonal antibodies, TRAF1, TRAF2, and TRAF3 are readily recruited to the cytoplasmic domain of CD137, likely as homo- and/or heterotrimers with different configurations, initiating the construction of the CD137 signalosome. The formation of TRAF2-RING dimers between TRAF2 molecules from contiguous trimers would help to establish a multimeric structure of TRAF-trimers that is probably essential for CD137 signaling. In addition, available studies have identified a large number of proteins that are recruited to CD137:TRAF complexes including ubiquitin ligases and proteases, kinases, and modulatory proteins. Working in a coordinated fashion, these CD137-signalosomes will ultimately promote CD137-mediated T cell proliferation and survival and will endow T cells with stronger effector functions. Current evidence allows to envision the molecular events that might take place in the early stages of CD137-signalosome formation, underscoring the key roles of TRAFs and of K63 and K48-ubiquitination of target proteins in the signaling process. Understanding the composition and fine regulation of CD137-signalosomes assembly and disassembly will be key to improve the therapeutic activities of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) encompassing the CD137 cytoplasmic domain and a new generation of CD137 agonists for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Zapata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Perez-Chacon
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Carr-Baena
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivan Martinez-Forero
- Departamento de Inmunologia and Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Medica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arantza Azpilikueta
- Departamento de Inmunologia and Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Medica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Itziar Otano
- Departamento de Inmunologia and Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Medica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Departamento de Inmunologia and Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Medica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,MSD, London, United Kingdom.,Departamento de Inmunologia e Inmunoterapia, Clinica Universitaria, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
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50
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Contribution of CD137L to Sensory Hypersensitivity in a Murine Model of Neuropathic Pain. eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-NWR-0218-18. [PMID: 30417077 PMCID: PMC6223109 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0218-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
CD137L (4-1BBL) is a costimulatory molecule whose signaling can promote monocyte/macrophage functions; however, CD137L-mediated microglial response and its role in neuropathic pain remain unknown. We investigated CD137L following peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain using a spinal nerve L5 transection (L5Tx) murine model in both sexes. First, C57BL/6_CD137L knock-out (KO) mice displayed decreased mechanical and diminished heat hypersensitivity compared to wild-type (WT) controls, beginning on day 3 to up to day 35 post-L5Tx. Purified anti-mouse CD137L neutralizing monoclonal antibody (0.1 or 0.5 µg) was also used to identify CD137L’s window of action in BALB/c mice. Anti-CD137L antibody was intrathecally administered either from day 0 (before surgery) to day 7 (early treatment), or from day 6 to 13 post-L5Tx (late treatment), and nociceptive thresholds were assessed before surgery to up to day 35 post-surgery. Early treatment with anti-CD137L reduced L5Tx-induced mechanical but not heat hypersensitivity, while later treatment did not alter either sensitivity. Pro- versus anti-inflammatory responses within the lumbar spinal cord following L5Tx were further evaluated via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in time-course studies. Following L5Tx, female CD137L KO mice did not show increased iNOS mRNA and had reduced numbers of IL-1β+ cells compared to WT. At 21 d post-surgery, CD137L KO mice had higher total numbers of arginase (Arg)-1+ cells and Arg-1+ microglia. Altogether, results indicate that spinal cord CD137L contributes to the development of peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain, which may be in part mediated through CD137L’s modulation of the pro- and anti-inflammatory balance within the spinal cord.
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