1
|
Macáková K, Kaczmarek E, Itagaki K. Can Neutrophils Prevent Nosocomial Pneumonia after Serious Injury? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087627. [PMID: 37108790 PMCID: PMC10141656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial pneumonia is a leading cause of critical illness and mortality among seriously injured trauma patients. However, the link between injury and the development of nosocomial pneumonia is still not well recognized. Our work strongly suggests that mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs), especially mitochondrial formyl peptides (mtFPs) released by tissue injury, play a significant role in developing nosocomial pneumonia after a serious injury. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils, PMN) migrate toward the injury site by detecting mtFPs through formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) to fight/contain bacterial infection and clean up debris. Activation of FPR1 by mtFPs enables PMN to reach the injury site; however, at the same time it leads to homo- and heterologous desensitization/internalization of chemokine receptors. Thus, PMN are not responsive to secondary infections, including those from bacteria-infected lungs. This may enable a progression of bacterial growth in the lungs and nosocomial pneumonia. We propose that the intratracheal application of exogenously isolated PMN may prevent pneumonia coupled with a serious injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristína Macáková
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Elzbieta Kaczmarek
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kiyoshi Itagaki
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sud’ina GF, Golenkina EA, Prikhodko AS, Kondratenko ND, Gaponova TV, Chernyak BV. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 inhibits leukotriene synthesis in human neutrophils. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1023517. [PMID: 36506526 PMCID: PMC9729262 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1023517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukotrienes are among the most potent mediators of inflammation, and inhibition of their biosynthesis, is becoming increasingly important in the treatment of many pathologies. In this work, we demonstrated that preincubation of human neutrophils with the mitochondria targeted antioxidant SkQ1 (100 nM) strongly inhibits leukotriene synthesis induced by three different stimuli: the Ca2+ ionophore A23187, the chemotactic formyl-peptide fMLP in combination with cytocholasin B, and opsonized zymosan. The SkQ1 analogue lacking the antioxidant quinone moiety (C12TPP) was ineffective, suggesting that mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is critical for activating of leukotriene synthesis in human neutrophils. The uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation FCCP also inhibits leukotriene synthesis, indicating that a high membrane potential is a prerequisite for stimulating leukotriene synthesis in neutrophils. Our data show that activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 and ERK1/2, which is important for leukotriene synthesis in neutrophils is a target for SkQ1: 1) the selective p38 inhibitor SB203580 inhibited fMLP-induced leukotriene synthesis, while the ERK1/2 activation inhibitor U0126 suppressed leukotriene synthesis induced by any of the three stimuli; 2) SkQ1 effectively prevents p38 and ERK1/2 activation (accumulation of phosphorylated forms) induced by all three stimuli. This is the first study pointing to the involvement of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in the activation of leukotriene synthesis in human neutrophils. The use of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants can be considered as a promising strategy for inhibiting leukotriene synthesis and treating various inflammatory pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galina F. Sud’ina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,*Correspondence: Galina F. Sud’ina, ; Boris V. Chernyak,
| | - Ekaterina A. Golenkina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia S. Prikhodko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia D. Kondratenko
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatjana V. Gaponova
- National Research Center for Hematology, Russia Federation Ministry of Public Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris V. Chernyak
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,*Correspondence: Galina F. Sud’ina, ; Boris V. Chernyak,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Circulating mitochondrial N-formyl peptides contribute to secondary nosocomial infection in patients with septic shock. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2018538118. [PMID: 33888581 PMCID: PMC8092466 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018538118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Septic shock commonly leads to multiorgan injury both directly via tissue inflammation and secondarily via hypoperfusion, but both can result in mitochondrial N-formyl peptide (mtFP) release into the circulation. However, no studies have evaluated the role of circulating mtFPs during septic shock. We found that a relatively high plasma nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit-6 (the most potent human mtFP) level was independently associated with the development of secondary infection in patients with septic shock and that the increased susceptibility to secondary infection is partly attributed to the suppression of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemotaxis by mtFP occupancy of formyl peptide receptor-1. Incorporation of these findings into therapeutic strategies may improve clinical outcomes in septic shock patients by preventing PMN chemotactic anergy. Secondary infections typically worsen outcomes of patients recovering from septic shock. Neutrophil [polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)] migration to secondarily inoculated sites may play a key role in inhibiting progression from local bacterial inoculation to secondary infection. Mitochondrial N-formyl peptide (mtFP) occupancy of formyl peptide receptor-1 (FPR1) has been shown to suppress PMN chemotaxis. Therefore, we studied the association between circulating mtFPs and the development of secondary infection in patients with septic shock. We collected clinical data and plasma samples from patients with septic shock admitted to the intensive care unit for longer than 72 h. Impacts of circulating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit-6 (ND6) upon clinical outcomes were analyzed. Next, the role of ND6 in PMN chemotaxis was investigated using isolated human PMNs. Studying plasma samples from 97 patients with septic shock, we found that circulating ND6 levels at admission were independently and highly associated with the development of secondary infection (odds ratio = 30.317, 95% CI: 2.904 to 316.407, P = 0.004) and increased 90-d mortality (odds ratio = 1.572, 95% CI: 1.002 to 2.465, P = 0.049). In ex vivo experiments, ND6 pretreatment suppressed FPR1-mediated PMN chemotactic responses to bacterial peptides in the presence of multiple cytokines and chemokines, despite increased nondirectional PMN movements. Circulating mtFPs appear to contribute to the development of secondary infection and increased mortality in patients with septic shock who survive their early hyperinflammatory phase. The increased susceptibility to secondary infection is probably partly mediated by the suppression of FPR1-mediated PMN chemotaxis to secondary infected sites.
Collapse
|
4
|
Schulz A, Pagerols Raluy L, Kolman JP, Königs I, Trochimiuk M, Appl B, Reinshagen K, Boettcher M, Trah J. The Inhibitory Effect of Curosurf ® and Alveofact ® on the Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Front Immunol 2021; 11:582895. [PMID: 33574811 PMCID: PMC7871907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.582895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a defense mechanism in which neutrophils cast a net-like structure in response to microbial infection. NETs consist of decondensed chromatin and about 30 enzymes and peptides. Some components, such as neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), present antimicrobial but also cytotoxic properties, leading to tissue injury. Many inflammatory diseases are associated with NETs, and their final role has not been identified. Pulmonary surfactant is known to have immunoregulatory abilities that alter the function of adaptive and innate immune cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that natural surfactant preparations inhibit the formation of NETs. Methods The effect of two natural surfactants (Alveofact® and Curosurf®) on spontaneous and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate–induced NET formation by neutrophils isolated by magnetic cell sorting from healthy individuals was examined. NETs were quantitatively detected by absorption and fluorometric-based assays for the NET-specific proteins (NE, MPO) and cell-free DNA. Immunofluorescence microscopy images were used for visualization. Results Both surfactant preparations exerted a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on NET formation. Samples treated with higher concentrations and with 30 min pre-incubation prior to stimulation with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate had significantly lower levels of NET-specific proteins and cell-free DNA compared to untreated samples. Immunofluorescence microscopy confirmed these findings. Conclusions The described dose-dependent modulation of NET formation ex vivo suggests an interaction between exogenous surfactant supplementation and neutrophil granulocytes. The immunoregulatory effects of surfactant preparations should be considered for further examination of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annabell Schulz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laia Pagerols Raluy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Kolman
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Königs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Trochimiuk
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Appl
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konrad Reinshagen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Boettcher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Trah
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jimenez I, Prado Y, Marchant F, Otero C, Eltit F, Cabello-Verrugio C, Cerda O, Simon F. TRPM Channels in Human Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:E2604. [PMID: 33291725 PMCID: PMC7761947 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) subfamily belongs to the TRP cation channels family. Since the first cloning of TRPM1 in 1989, tremendous progress has been made in identifying novel members of the TRPM subfamily and their functions. The TRPM subfamily is composed of eight members consisting of four six-transmembrane domain subunits, resulting in homomeric or heteromeric channels. From a structural point of view, based on the homology sequence of the coiled-coil in the C-terminus, the eight TRPM members are clustered into four groups: TRPM1/M3, M2/M8, M4/M5 and M6/M7. TRPM subfamily members have been involved in several physiological functions. However, they are also linked to diverse pathophysiological human processes. Alterations in the expression and function of TRPM subfamily ion channels might generate several human diseases including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative alterations, organ dysfunction, cancer and many other channelopathies. These effects position them as remarkable putative targets for novel diagnostic strategies, drug design and therapeutic approaches. Here, we review the current knowledge about the main characteristics of all members of the TRPM family, focusing on their actions in human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivanka Jimenez
- Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; (I.J.); (Y.P.); (F.M.); (C.C.-V.)
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Yolanda Prado
- Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; (I.J.); (Y.P.); (F.M.); (C.C.-V.)
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Felipe Marchant
- Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; (I.J.); (Y.P.); (F.M.); (C.C.-V.)
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Carolina Otero
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile;
| | - Felipe Eltit
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada;
- Department of Urological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; (I.J.); (Y.P.); (F.M.); (C.C.-V.)
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 7560484, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Oscar Cerda
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; (I.J.); (Y.P.); (F.M.); (C.C.-V.)
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
ORAI1 and ORAI2 modulate murine neutrophil calcium signaling, cellular activation, and host defense. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:24403-24414. [PMID: 32929002 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2008032117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium signals are initiated in immune cells by the process of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), where receptor activation triggers transient calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum, followed by opening of plasma-membrane calcium-release activated calcium (CRAC) channels. ORAI1, ORAI2, and ORAI3 are known to comprise the CRAC channel; however, the contributions of individual isoforms to neutrophil function are not well understood. Here, we show that loss of ORAI1 partially decreases calcium influx, while loss of both ORAI1 and ORAI2 completely abolishes SOCE. In other immune-cell types, loss of ORAI2 enhances SOCE. In contrast, we find that ORAI2-deficient neutrophils display decreased calcium influx, which is correlated with measurable differences in the regulation of neutrophil membrane potential via KCa3.1. Decreased SOCE in ORAI1-, ORAI2-, and ORAI1/2-deficient neutrophils impairs multiple neutrophil functions, including phagocytosis, degranulation, leukotriene, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, rendering ORAI1/2-deficient mice highly susceptible to staphylococcal infection. This study demonstrates that ORAI1 and ORAI2 are the primary components of the neutrophil CRAC channel and identifies subpopulations of neutrophils where cell-membrane potential functions as a rheostat to modulate the SOCE response. These findings have implications for mechanisms that modulate neutrophil function during infection, acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, and cancer.
Collapse
|
7
|
La Russa D, Frisina M, Secondo A, Bagetta G, Amantea D. Modulation of Cerebral Store-operated Calcium Entry-regulatory Factor (SARAF) and Peripheral Orai1 Following Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Preconditioning in Mice. Neuroscience 2020; 441:8-21. [PMID: 32569806 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) contributes to Ca2+ refilling of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but also provides Ca2+ influx involved in physiological and pathological signalling functions. Upon depletion of Ca2+ store, the sensor protein stromal interaction molecule (STIM) activates Orai1, forming an ion-conducting pore highly selective for Ca2+. SOCE-associated regulatory factor (SARAF) associates with STIM1 to facilitate a slow form of Ca2+-dependent inactivation of SOCE or interacts with Orai1 to stimulate SOCE in STIM1-independent manner. We have investigated whether cerebral ischemic damage and neuroprotection conferred by ischemic preconditioning (PC) in mouse are associated with changes in the expression of the molecular components of SOCE. Ischemic PC induced by 15-min occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAo) resulted in significant amelioration of histological and functional outcomes produced, 72 h later, by a more severe ischemia (1 h MCAo). Neither ischemia, nor PC affected the expression of Orai1 in the frontoparietal cortex. However, the number of Orai1-immunopositive cells, mostly corresponding to Ly-6G+ neutrophils, was significantly elevated in the blood after the ischemic insult, regardless of previous PC. The expression of Stim1 and SARAF, mainly localised in NeuN-immunopositive neurons, was reduced in the ischemic cortex. Interestingly, neuroprotection by ischemic PC prevented the reduction of SARAF expression in the lesioned cortex and this could be interpreted as a compensatory mechanism to restore ER Ca2+ refilling in neurons in the absence of STIM1. Thus, preventing SARAF downregulation may represent a pivotal mechanism implicated in neuroprotection provided by ischemic PC and should be exploited as an original target for novel stroke therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele La Russa
- Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Italy
| | - Marialaura Frisina
- Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Italy
| | - Agnese Secondo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, "Federico II" University of Naples, Italy
| | - Giacinto Bagetta
- Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Italy
| | - Diana Amantea
- Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Itagaki K, Kaczmarek E, Kwon WY, Chen L, Vlková B, Zhang Q, Riça I, Yaffe MB, Campbell Y, Marusich MF, Wang JM, Gong WH, Gao JL, Jung F, Douglas G, Otterbein LE, Hauser CJ. Formyl Peptide Receptor-1 Blockade Prevents Receptor Regulation by Mitochondrial Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns and Preserves Neutrophil Function After Trauma. Crit Care Med 2020; 48:e123-e132. [PMID: 31939811 PMCID: PMC7337247 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000004094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Trauma predisposes to systemic sterile inflammation (systemic inflammatory response syndrome) as well as infection, but the mechanisms linking injury to infection are poorly understood. Mitochondrial debris contains formyl peptides. These bind formyl peptide receptor-1, trafficking neutrophils to wounds, initiating systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and wound healing. Bacterial formyl peptides, however, also attract neutrophils via formyl peptide receptor-1. Thus, mitochondrial formyl peptides might suppress neutrophils antimicrobial function. Also, formyl peptide receptor-1 blockade used to mitigate systemic inflammatory response syndrome might predispose to sepsis. We examined how mitochondrial formyl peptides impact neutrophils functions contributing to antimicrobial responses and how formyl peptide receptor-1 antagonists affect those functions. DESIGN Prospective study of human and murine neutrophils and clinical cohort analysis. SETTING University research laboratory and level 1 trauma center. PATIENTS Trauma patients, volunteer controls. ANIMAL SUBJECTS C57Bl/6, formyl peptide receptor-1, and formyl peptide receptor-2 knockout mice. INTERVENTIONS Human and murine neutrophils functions were activated with autologous mitochondrial debris, mitochondrial formyl peptides, or bacterial formyl peptides followed by chemokines or leukotrienes. The experiments were repeated using formyl peptide receptor-1 antagonist cyclosporin H, "designer" human formyl peptide receptor-1 antagonists (POL7178 and POL7200), or anti-formyl peptide receptor-1 antibodies. Mouse injury/lung infection model was used to evaluate effect of formyl peptide receptor-1 inhibition. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Human neutrophils cytosolic calcium, chemotaxis, reactive oxygen species production, and phagocytosis were studied before and after exposure to mitochondrial debris, mitochondrial formyl peptides, and bacterial formyl peptides. Mitochondrial formyl peptide and bacterial formyl peptides had similar effects on neutrophils. Responses to chemokines and leukotrienes were suppressed by prior exposure to formyl peptides. POL7200 and POL7178 were specific antagonists of human formyl peptide receptor-1 and more effective than cyclosporin H or anti-formyl peptide receptor-1 antibodies. Formyl peptides inhibited mouse neutrophils responses to chemokines only if formyl peptide receptor-1 was present. Formyl peptide receptor-1 blockade did not inhibit neutrophils bacterial phagocytosis or reactive oxygen species production. Cyclosporin H increased bacterial clearance in lungs after injury. CONCLUSIONS Formyl peptides both activate and desensitize neutrophils. Formyl peptide receptor-1 blockade prevents desensitization, potentially both diminishing systemic inflammatory response syndrome and protecting the host against secondary infection after tissue trauma or primary infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Woon Yong Kwon
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School
- Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea
| | - Li Chen
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School
- PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Barbora Vlková
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School
- Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Quanzhi Zhang
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School
- Harbin Medical School, Daqing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ji-Liang Gao
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/NIH
| | | | | | | | - Carl J. Hauser
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lipopeptide PAM3CYS4 Synergizes N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)-Induced Calcium Transients in Mouse Neutrophils. Shock 2019; 50:493-499. [PMID: 29176405 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), a mimic of N-formyl oligopeptides that are released from bacteria, is a potent leukocyte chemotactic factor. It induces intracellular calcium ([Ca]i) transient that is important for various neutrophil biological functions, e.g., adhesion, ROS, and cytokine productions. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), an essential part of host innate immunity, regulate neutrophil activities, but their role in [Ca]i signaling is less clear. In the present study, we examined the effect of several TLR ligands, including Pam3Cys4 (TLR1/2), lipopolysaccharide (LPS, TLR4), and lipoteichoic acid (LTA, TLR2/6), on calcium signaling and on the fMLP-induced [Ca]i transients in mouse neutrophils loaded with Fura-2/AM. We found that unlike fMLP, the three TLR ligands tested did not elicit any detectable Ca flux. However, Pam3Cys4, but not LPS or LTA, markedly synergized the fMLP-induced [Ca]i transients, and had no effect on the host component keratinocyte-derived cytokine (KC)- or C5a-induced calcium flux. The effect of Pam3Cys4 on the fMLP-induced [Ca]i transients is by enhancing extracellular Ca influx, not intracellular Ca release. Surprisingly, deletion of TLR2 or MyD88 in neutrophils had no impact on the Pam3Cys4's effect, suggesting a TLR2-MyD88-independent mechanism. Finally, using the pan PKC activator and inhibitor, we demonstrated that PKC negatively regulated fMLP-induced [Ca]i transients and that inhibition of PKC did not prohibit Pam3Cys4's synergistic effect on the fMLP-induced calcium influx. In conclusion, the present study identified a novel synergistic effect of Pam3Cys4 on fMLP-induced [Ca]i transients, a process important for many neutrophil biological functions.
Collapse
|
10
|
A subset of five human mitochondrial formyl peptides mimics bacterial peptides and functionally deactivates human neutrophils. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2019; 85:936-943. [PMID: 29787548 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trauma causes inflammation by releasing mitochondria that act as Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs). Trauma also increases susceptibility to infection. Human mitochondria contain 13 N-formyl peptides (mtFPs). We studied whether mtFPs released into plasma by clinical injury induce neutrophil (PMN) inflammatory responses, whether their potency reflects their similarity to bacterial FPs and how their presence at clinically relevant concentration affects PMN function. METHODS N-terminal sequences of the 13 mtFPs were synthesized. Changes in human PMN cytosolic Ca concentration ([Ca]i) and chemotactic responses to mtFPs were studied. Sequence similarity of mtFPs to the canonical bacterial peptide f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF/fMLP) was studied using the BLOcks SUbstitution Matrix 62 (BLOSUM 62) system. The presence of mtFPs in plasma of trauma patients was assayed by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effects of the most potent mtFP (ND6) on PMN signaling and function were then studied at ambient clinical concentrations by serial exposure of native PMN to ND6, chemokines and leukotrienes. RESULTS Five mtFPs (ND6, ND3, ND4, ND5, and Cox 1) induced [Ca]i flux and chemotaxis in descending order of potency. Evolutionary similarity to fMLF predicted [Ca]i flux and chemotactic potency linearly (R = 0.97, R = 0.95). Chemoattractant potency was also linearly related to [Ca]i flux induction (R = 0.92). Active mtFPs appear to circulate in significant amounts immediately after trauma and persist through the first week. The most active mtFP, ND6, suppresses responses to physiologic alveolar chemoattractants (CXCL-1, leukotriene B4) as well as to fMLF where CXCL-1 and leukotriene B4 do not suppress N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR)-1 responses to mtFPs. Prior FPR-1 inhibition rescues PMN from heterologous suppression of CXCR-1 and BLT-1 by mtFPs. CONCLUSION The data suggest mtFPs released by injured tissue may attract PMN to trauma sites while suppressing PMN responses to other chemoattractants. Inhibition of mtFP-FPR1 interactions might increase PMN recruitment to lung bacterial inoculation after trauma. These findings suggest new paradigms for preventing infections after trauma. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, Level IV.
Collapse
|
11
|
Clemens RA, Lowell CA. CRAC channel regulation of innate immune cells in health and disease. Cell Calcium 2019; 78:56-65. [PMID: 30641250 PMCID: PMC8055042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is a major intracellular signaling messenger in innate immune cells. Similar to other immune cell subsets, the majority of calcium entry into innate immune cells is induced by cell surface receptors that stimulate store-operated calcium entry through calcium-release activated calcium (CRAC) channels. Since the molecular description of the STIM family of calcium sensors and the ORAI family of CRAC channel proteins, the majority of studies support a dominant role for these proteins in calcium signaling in innate cells. In reviewing the literature on CRAC channel function in innate cells, several general themes emerge. All innate cells express multiple members of the STIM and ORAI family members, however the ratio and relative contribution of individual isoforms changes depending on the cell type and activation state of the cell. It is evident that study of functional roles for STIM molecules is clearly ahead of studies of specific ORAI family members in all innate cell types, and that studies of CRAC channels in innate cells are not nearly as advanced as studies in lymphocytes. However, taken together, evidence from both STIM calcium sensors and ORAI channels in innate cells indicates that deficiency of STIM and ORAI proteins tends not to affect the development of any innate cell lineage, but certainly affects their function, in particular activation of the neutrophil oxidase and mast cell activation via IgE receptors. Furthermore, there are clearly hints that therapeutic targeting of CRAC channels in innate cells offers a new approach to various inflammatory and allergic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina A Clemens
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
| | - Clifford A Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ribeiro D, Freitas M, Rocha S, Lima JLFC, Carvalho F, Fernandes E. Calcium Pathways in Human Neutrophils-The Extended Effects of Thapsigargin and ML-9. Cells 2018; 7:cells7110204. [PMID: 30423935 PMCID: PMC6262620 DOI: 10.3390/cells7110204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In neutrophils, intracellular Ca2+ levels are regulated by several transporters and pathways, namely SERCA [sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase], SOCE (store-operated calcium entry), and ROCE (receptor-operated calcium entry). However, the exact mechanisms involved in the communication among these transporters are still unclear. In the present study, thapsigargin, an irreversible inhibitor of SERCA, and ML-9, a broadly used SOCE inhibitor, were applied in human neutrophils to better understand their effects on Ca2+ pathways in these important cells of the immune system. The thapsigargin and ML-9 effects in the intracellular free Ca2+ flux were evaluated in freshly isolated human neutrophils, using a microplate reader for monitoring fluorimetric kinetic readings. The obtained results corroborate the general thapsigargin-induced intracellular pattern of Ca2+ fluctuation, but it was also observed a much more extended effect in time and a clear sustained increase of Ca2+ levels due to its influx by SOCE. Moreover, it was obvious that ML-9 enhanced the thapsigargin-induced emptying of the internal stores. Indeed, ML-9 does not have this effect by itself, which indicates that, in neutrophils, thapsigargin does not act only on the influx by SOCE, but also by other Ca2+ pathways, that, in the future, should be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sílvia Rocha
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - José L F C Lima
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Félix Carvalho
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Francis EA, Heinrich V. Extension of chemotactic pseudopods by nonadherent human neutrophils does not require or cause calcium bursts. Sci Signal 2018. [PMID: 29535263 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aal4289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Global bursts in free intracellular calcium (Ca2+) are among the most conspicuous signaling events in immune cells. To test the common view that Ca2+ bursts mediate rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton in response to the activation of G protein-coupled receptors, we combined single-cell manipulation with fluorescence imaging and monitored the Ca2+ concentration in individual human neutrophils during complement-mediated chemotaxis. By decoupling purely chemotactic pseudopod formation from cell-substrate adhesion, we showed that physiological concentrations of anaphylatoxins, such as C5a, induced nonadherent human neutrophils to form chemotactic pseudopods but did not elicit Ca2+ bursts. By contrast, pathological or supraphysiological concentrations of C5a often triggered Ca2+ bursts, but pseudopod protrusion stalled or reversed in such cases, effectively halting chemotaxis, similar to sepsis-associated neutrophil paralysis. The maximum increase in cell surface area during pseudopod extension in pure chemotaxis was much smaller-by a factor of 8-than the known capacity of adherent human neutrophils to expand their surface. Because the measured rise in cortical tension was not sufficient to account for this difference, we attribute the limited deformability to a reduced ability of the cytoskeleton to generate protrusive force in the absence of cell adhesion. Thus, we hypothesize that Ca2+ bursts in neutrophils control a mechanistic switch between two distinct modes of cytoskeletal organization and dynamics. A key element of this switch appears to be the expedient coordination of adhesion-dependent lock or release events of cytoskeletal membrane anchors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmet A Francis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Volkmar Heinrich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Agrawal A, Khan MJ, Graugnard DE, Vailati-Riboni M, Rodriguez-Zas SL, Osorio JS, Loor JJ. Prepartal Energy Intake Alters Blood Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Transcriptome During the Peripartal Period in Holstein Cows. Bioinform Biol Insights 2017; 11:1177932217704667. [PMID: 28579762 PMCID: PMC5414586 DOI: 10.1177/1177932217704667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the dairy industry, cow health and farmer profits depend on the balance between diet (ie, nutrient composition, daily intake) and metabolism. This is especially true during the transition period, where dramatic physiological changes foster vulnerability to immunosuppression, negative energy balance, and clinical and subclinical disorders. Using an Agilent microarray platform, this study examined changes in the transcriptome of bovine polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) due to prepartal dietary intake. Holstein cows were fed a high-straw, control-energy diet (CON; NEL = 1.34 Mcal/kg) or overfed a moderate-energy diet (OVE; NEL = 1.62 Mcal/kg) during the dry period. Blood for PMNL isolation and metabolite analysis was collected at −14 and +7 days relative to parturition. At an analysis of variance false discovery rate <0.05, energy intake (OVE vs CON) influenced 1806 genes. Dynamic Impact Approach bioinformatics analysis classified treatment effects on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, including activated oxidative phosphorylation and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and inhibited RNA polymerase, proteasome, and toll-like receptor signaling pathway. This analysis indicates that processes critical for energy metabolism and cellular and immune function were affected with mixed results. However, overall interpretation of the transcriptome data agreed in part with literature documenting a potentially detrimental, chronic activation of PMNL in response to overfeeding. The widespread, transcriptome-level changes captured here confirm the importance of dietary energy adjustments around calving on the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Agrawal
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - M J Khan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - D E Graugnard
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - M Vailati-Riboni
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - S L Rodriguez-Zas
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - J S Osorio
- Department of Dairy Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - J J Loor
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sil P, Hayes CP, Reaves BJ, Breen P, Quinn S, Sokolove J, Rada B. P2Y6 Receptor Antagonist MRS2578 Inhibits Neutrophil Activation and Aggregated Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Induced by Gout-Associated Monosodium Urate Crystals. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 198:428-442. [PMID: 27903742 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Human neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes [PMNs]) generate inflammatory responses within the joints of gout patients upon encountering monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are found abundantly in the synovial fluid of gout patients. The detailed mechanism of MSU crystal-induced NET formation remains unknown. Our goal was to shed light on possible roles of purinergic signaling and neutrophil migration in mediating NET formation induced by MSU crystals. Interaction of human neutrophils with MSU crystals was evaluated by high-throughput live imaging using confocal microscopy. We quantitated NET levels in gout synovial fluid supernatants and detected enzymatically active neutrophil primary granule enzymes, myeloperoxidase, and human neutrophil elastase. Suramin and PPADS, general P2Y receptor blockers, and MRS2578, an inhibitor of the purinergic P2Y6 receptor, blocked NET formation triggered by MSU crystals. AR-C25118925XX (P2Y2 antagonist) did not inhibit MSU crystal-stimulated NET release. Live imaging of PMNs showed that MRS2578 represses neutrophil migration and blocked characteristic formation of MSU crystal-NET aggregates called aggregated NETs. Interestingly, the store-operated calcium entry channel inhibitor (SK&F96365) also reduced MSU crystal-induced NET release. Our results indicate that the P2Y6/store-operated calcium entry/IL-8 axis is involved in MSU crystal-induced aggregated NET formation, but MRS2578 could have additional effects affecting PMN migration. The work presented in the present study could lead to a better understanding of gouty joint inflammation and help improve the treatment and care of gout patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Payel Sil
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Craig P Hayes
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Barbara J Reaves
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Patrick Breen
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Shannon Quinn
- Department of Computer Science, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, 30602 GA
| | - Jeremy Sokolove
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305; and.,Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94034
| | - Balázs Rada
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bodiga VL, Inapurapu SP, Vemuri PK, Kudle MR, Bodiga S. Intracellular zinc status influences cisplatin-induced endothelial permeability through modulation of PKCα, NF-κB and ICAM-1 expression. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 791:355-368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
17
|
Parenti A, De Logu F, Geppetti P, Benemei S. What is the evidence for the role of TRP channels in inflammatory and immune cells? Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:953-69. [PMID: 26603538 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex network of many interacting mechanisms orchestrates immune and inflammatory responses. Among these, the cation channels of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family expressed by resident tissue cells, inflammatory and immune cells and distinct subsets of primary sensory neurons, have emerged as a novel and interrelated system to detect and respond to harmful agents. TRP channels, by means of their direct effect on the intracellular levels of cations and/or through the indirect modulation of a large series of intracellular pathways, orchestrate a range of cellular processes, such as cytokine production, cell differentiation and cytotoxicity. The contribution of TRP channels to the transition of inflammation and immune responses from a defensive early response to a chronic and pathological condition is also emerging as a possible underlying mechanism in various diseases. This review discusses the roles of TRP channels in inflammatory and immune cell function and provides an overview of the effects of inflammatory and immune TRP channels on the pathogenesis of human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Parenti
- Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - F De Logu
- Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - P Geppetti
- Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - S Benemei
- Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Golbach LA, Philippi JG, Cuppen JJ, Savelkoul HF, Verburg-van Kemenade BL. Calcium signalling in human neutrophil cell lines is not affected by low-frequency electromagnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 2015; 36:430-43. [DOI: 10.1002/bem.21924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lieke A. Golbach
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group; Wageningen University; The Netherlands
| | - John G.M. Philippi
- Lab of Biophysics and Wageningen NMR Centre; Wageningen University; The Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns from fractures suppress pulmonary immune responses via formyl peptide receptors 1 and 2. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 78:272-9; discussion 279-81. [PMID: 25757111 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No known biologic mechanisms link tissue injury with pneumonia (PNA). Neutrophils (PMNs) are innate immune cells that clear bacteria from the lung by migration toward chemoattractants and killing bacteria in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We predicted that tissue injury would suppress PMN antimicrobial function in the lung. We have also shown that mitochondria-derived damage-associated molecular pattern molecules from the bone can alter PMN phenotype and so hypothesized that formyl peptides (FPs) from fractures predispose to PNA by suppressing PMN activity in the lung. METHODS Animal studies involved the following. (1) Rats were divided into three groups (10 per condition) as follows: (a) saline injection in the thigh (b) Staphylococcus aureus (SA, 3 × 10) injected intratracheally, or (c) pseudofracture (PsFx; bone supernatant injected in the thigh) plus intratracheally injected SA. (2) Rats were divided into four groups as follows: (a) control, (b) pulmonary contusion (PC), (c) PsFx, and (d) PC + PsFx. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed 16 hours later. Clinical studies involved the following. (3) Human bone supernatant was assayed for its FP-receptor (FPR) stimulation. (4) Trauma patients' PMN (n = 32; mean ± SE Injury Severity Score [ISS], 27 ± 10) were assayed for chemotaxis (CTX) or treated with Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, Phorbol ester) and analyzed for NET formation. RESULTS In the animal studies, (1) SA was rapidly cleared by the uninjured mice and PsFx markedly suppressed lung bacterial clearance (p < 0.01). (2a) PC induces PMN traffic to the lung, but PsFx decreases PC-induced PMN traffic (p < 0.01). (2b) SA increased bronchoalveolar lavage PMN, and PsFx decreased that influx (p < 0.01). In the clinical studies, (3) bone supernatant activates PMN both via FPR-1 and FPR-2. (4) Trauma decreases PMN CTX to multiple chemokines. Circulating PMNs show NETs spontaneously after trauma, but maximal NET formation is markedly attenuated. CONCLUSION Fractures may decrease lung bacterial clearance because FP suppresses PMN CTX to other chemoattractants via FPR-1/2. Trauma activates NETosis but suppresses maximal NETosis. Fractures decrease lung bacterial clearance by multiple mechanisms. PNA after fractures may reflect damage-associated molecular pattern-mediated suppression of PMN antimicrobial function in the lung.
Collapse
|
20
|
Itagaki K, Kaczmarek E, Lee YT, Tang IT, Isal B, Adibnia Y, Sandler N, Grimm MJ, Segal BH, Otterbein LE, Hauser CJ. Mitochondrial DNA released by trauma induces neutrophil extracellular traps. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120549. [PMID: 25774524 PMCID: PMC4361684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are critical for anti-bacterial activity of the innate immune system. We have previously shown that mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs), including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), are released into the circulation after injury. We therefore questioned whether mtDNA is involved in trauma-induced NET formation. Treatment of human polymorphoneutrophils (PMN) with mtDNA induced robust NET formation, though in contrast to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation, no NADPH-oxidase involvement was required. Moreover, formation of mtDNA-induced NETs was completely blocked by TLR9 antagonist, ODN-TTAGGG. Knowing that infective outcomes of trauma in elderly people are more severe than in young people, we measured plasma mtDNA and NET formation in elderly and young trauma patients and control subjects. MtDNA levels were significantly higher in the plasma of elderly trauma patients than young patients, despite lower injury severity scores in the elderly group. NETs were not visible in circulating PMN isolated from either young or old control subjects. NETs were however, detected in PMN isolated from young trauma patients and to a lesser extent from elderly patients. Stimulation by PMA induced widespread NET formation in PMN from both young volunteers and young trauma patients. NET response to PMA was much less pronounced in both elderly volunteers' PMN and in trauma patients' PMN. We conclude that mtDNA is a potent inducer of NETs that activates PMN via TLR9 without NADPH-oxidase involvement. We suggest that decreased NET formation in the elderly regardless of higher mtDNA levels in their plasma may result from decreased levels of TLR9 and/or other molecules, such as neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase that are involved in NET generation. Further study of the links between circulating mtDNA and NET formation may elucidate the mechanisms of trauma-related organ failure as well as the greater susceptibility to secondary infection in elderly trauma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Itagaki
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KI); (CJH)
| | - Elzbieta Kaczmarek
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yen Ting Lee
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - I. Tien Tang
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Burak Isal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yashar Adibnia
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Nicola Sandler
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Melissa J. Grimm
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - Brahm H. Segal
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - Leo E. Otterbein
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Carl J. Hauser
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KI); (CJH)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Clemens RA, Lowell CA. Store-operated calcium signaling in neutrophils. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 98:497-502. [PMID: 25714804 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2mr1114-573r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium signals in neutrophils are initiated by a variety of cell-surface receptors, including formyl peptide and other GPCRs, FcRs, and integrins. The predominant pathway by which calcium enters immune cells is termed SOCE, whereby plasma membrane CRAC channels allow influx of extracellular calcium into the cytoplasm when intracellular ER stores are depleted. The identification of 2 key families of SOCE regulators, STIM calcium "sensors" and ORAI calcium channels, has allowed for genetic manipulation of SOCE pathways and provided valuable insight into the molecular mechanism of calcium signaling in immune cells, including neutrophils. This review focuses on our current knowledge of the molecules involved in neutrophil SOCE and how study of these molecules has further informed our understanding of the role of calcium signaling in neutrophil activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina A Clemens
- Departments of *Pediatrics and Laboratory Medicine and the Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Clifford A Lowell
- Departments of *Pediatrics and Laboratory Medicine and the Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang CH, Rong MY, Wang L, Ren Z, Chen LN, Jia JF, Li XY, Wu ZB, Chen ZN, Zhu P. CD147 up-regulates calcium-induced chemotaxis, adhesion ability and invasiveness of human neutrophils via a TRPM-7-mediated mechanism. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 53:2288-96. [PMID: 25053832 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate whether CD147 can up-regulate the chemotactic, adhesive and invasive properties of human neutrophils and to determine the mechanism underlying this process. METHODS Human promyelocytic leukaemia cells (HL-60) cells and peripheral blood or synovial fluid neutrophils were isolated from RA patients. Under cyclophilin A (CypA) stimulation, chemotaxis, adhesion potential and invasion ability were assessed using chemotaxis, adhesion and invasiveness assays. Lipid raft isolation and western blot were used to determine the mechanism underlying the effects of CypA stimulation. RESULTS CD147 up-regulates the calcium-induced chemotaxis, adhesion ability and invasiveness of human neutrophils in RA patients. Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 may be responsible for this phenomenon. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that in RA patients, abundant CypA up-regulates the calcium-induced chemotactic, adhesive and invasive properties of neutrophils via direct binding to CD147. Cyclophilin-CD147 interactions might contribute to the destruction of cartilage and bone in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Hua Wang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Cell Biology/Cell Engineering Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng-Yao Rong
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Cell Biology/Cell Engineering Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Cell Biology/Cell Engineering Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Ren
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Cell Biology/Cell Engineering Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li-Na Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Cell Biology/Cell Engineering Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun-Feng Jia
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Cell Biology/Cell Engineering Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue-Yi Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Cell Biology/Cell Engineering Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen-Biao Wu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Cell Biology/Cell Engineering Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Cell Biology/Cell Engineering Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital and Department of Cell Biology/Cell Engineering Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Park KH, Park B, Yoon DS, Kwon SH, Shin DM, Lee JW, Lee HG, Shim JH, Park JH, Lee JM. Zinc inhibits osteoclast differentiation by suppression of Ca2+-Calcineurin-NFATc1 signaling pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2013; 11:74. [PMID: 24088289 PMCID: PMC3851046 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-11-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc, an essential trace element, inhibits osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo. The molecular mechanism for the inhibitory effect of zinc, however, is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc and determine its molecular mechanism on receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in mouse bone marrow-derived monocyte cells (BMMs) and RAW264.7 cells. RESULTS In BMMs, zinc treatment during osteoclast differentiation decreased RANKL-induced osteoclast formation in a dose-dependent manner. We show that zinc suppressed the mRNA levels of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (Nfatc1). Zinc also accumulated phospho-Nfatc1 (p-Nfatc1) in the cytosol in a dose-dependent manner and inhibited the translocation of Nfatc1 to the nucleus in RAW264.7 cells. Zinc suppressed the activities of Nfatc1 in the nucleus without changing the activities of NF-κB in RAW264.7 cells. In contrast, calcineurin activity decreased in response to zinc but its protein level was unchanged. RANKL-induced Ca2+ oscillations were inhibited by zinc treatment, but phospho-phospholipase Cγ1 (p-PLCγ1), the upstream signaling molecule of Ca2+ oscillations, was unaffected. Moreover, a constitutively active form of Nfatc1 obviously rescued suppression of osteoclastogenesis by zinc. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that the inhibitory effect of zinc during osteoclastogesis is caused by suppressing the Ca2+-Calcineurin-NFATc1 signaling pathway. Thus, zinc may be a useful therapeutic candidate for the prevention of bone loss caused by NFATc1 activation in osteoclasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Hwan Park
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hsu WL, Chiu SJ, Tsai YT, Chang CM, Wang JY, Wang ET, Hou MF, Huang CY, Sheu JH, Chang WC. A soft coral natural product, 11-episinulariolide acetate, inhibits gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-8 through attenuation of calcium signaling. Molecules 2013; 18:7023-34. [PMID: 23774942 PMCID: PMC6270419 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18067023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in many types of cancer cells. EGFR-mediated signaling involves inflammatory gene expression including cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and interleukin (IL)-8, and is associated with cancer pathogenesis. In a search of phytochemicals with anti-inflammatory activity, the COX-2 and IL-8 inhibitory activities of some marine compounds were examined. After screening these compounds 11-episinulariolide acetate (1) from soft coral exhibited the most potent activity. Reverse-transcription PCR; western blotting; ELISA and luciferase assays were used to test the effect of compound 1 on EGF-stimulated expressions of COX-2 and IL-8 in A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells. After exposure to 10 μM of compound 1, expression levels of COX-2 and IL-8 were reduced. In addition; intracellular Ca2+ increase and Ca2+-dependent transcription factor activation were blocked by compound 1. Thus, compound 1 can potentially serve as a lead compound for targeting Ca2+ signaling-dependent inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Li Hsu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Siou-Jin Chiu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ting Tsai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Che-Mai Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Yan Wang
- Division of Gastroeintestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Eric Terry Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Gastroeintestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yao Huang
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Horng Sheu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (W.-C.C.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Wanfang Hospital, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (W.-C.C.); (J.-H.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sun S, Sursal T, Adibnia Y, Zhao C, Zheng Y, Li H, Otterbein LE, Hauser CJ, Itagaki K. Mitochondrial DAMPs increase endothelial permeability through neutrophil dependent and independent pathways. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59989. [PMID: 23527291 PMCID: PMC3603956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trauma and sepsis can cause acute lung injury (ALI) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in part by triggering neutrophil (PMN)-mediated increases in endothelial cell (EC) permeability. We had shown that mitochondrial (mt) damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) appear in the blood after injury or shock and activate human PMN. So we now hypothesized that mitochondrial DAMPs (MTD) like mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and peptides might play a role in increased EC permeability during systemic inflammation and proceeded to evaluate the underlying mechanisms. MtDNA induced changes in EC permeability occurred in two phases: a brief, PMN-independent ‘spike’ in permeability was followed by a prolonged PMN-dependent increase in permeability. Fragmented mitochondria (MTD) caused PMN-independent increase in EC permeability that were abolished with protease treatment. Exposure to mtDNA caused PMN-EC adherence by activating expression of adherence molecule expression in both cell types. Cellular activation was manifested as an increase in PMN calcium flux and EC MAPK phosphorylation. Permeability and PMN adherence were attenuated by endosomal TLR inhibitors. EC lacked formyl peptide receptors but were nonetheless activated by mt-proteins, showing that non-formylated mt-protein DAMPs can activate EC. Mitochondrial DAMPs can be released into the circulation by many processes that cause cell injury and lead to pathologic endothelial permeability. We show here that mitochondria contain multiple DAMP motifs that can act on EC and/or PMN via multiple pathways. This can enhance PMN adherence to EC, activate PMN-EC interactions and subsequently increase systemic endothelial permeability. Mitochondrial DAMPs may be important therapeutic targets in conditions where inflammation pathologically increases endothelial permeability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Sun
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tolga Sursal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yasaman Adibnia
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Cong Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Haipeng Li
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Leo E. Otterbein
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Carl J. Hauser
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KI) (CH); (CJH)
| | - Kiyoshi Itagaki
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KI) (CH); (CJH)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Reshma AP, Arunachalam R, Pillai JK, Kurra SB, Varkey VK, Prince MJ. Chromogranin A: Novel biomarker between periodontal disease and psychosocial stress. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013; 17:214-8. [PMID: 23869129 PMCID: PMC3713754 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.113076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The psychosocial stress has long been regarded as a significant pre-disposing factor for periodontal disease. The association between the periodontal disease and the neuroendocrine hormones has been observed. Chromogranin A (CgA) is supposed to link the activity of the neuroendocrine system to local and systemic immune functions and to be related to periodontitis. AIMS The aim of this study was to determine the CgA levels in saliva and plasma in periodontal health and disease and to assess their potential relationship to periodontitis. SETTINGS AND DESIGNS In this case-control study, the association between periodontal disease and stress marker has been assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS SIXTY SUBJECTS WERE CHOSEN FOR THIS STUDY: With case group comprising of 30 subjects with chronic periodontitis and control group comprising of 30 healthy subjects. Salivary and plasma CgA levels were determined by ELISA technique. Clinical parameters included were plaque index, papillary bleeding index and clinical attachment loss and probing depth. Correlation analysis was calculated by independent sample t-test. RESULTS Significantly higher CgA levels were found in saliva and plasma of patients with chronic periodontitis compared with healthy individuals (P < 0.05). No significant difference were observed between salivary and plasma CgA levels. CONCLUSIONS The elevated level CgA in the plasma and saliva of subjects with stress induced chronic periodontitis has yielded insights into biological plausible association between the psychosocial stress and chronic periodontitis. Thus, our results suggest that CgA is a useful biomarker for evaluating at least in part the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Padmakumar Reshma
- Department of Periodontics, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajeev Arunachalam
- Department of Periodontics, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayakumar Kochu Pillai
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sarath Babu Kurra
- Department of Pharmacology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vini K. Varkey
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohanraj J. Prince
- Department of Periodontics, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wu YC, Sureshbabu M, Fang YC, Wu YH, Lan YH, Chang FR, Chang YW, Hwang TL. Potent inhibition of human neutrophil activations by bractelactone, a novel chalcone from Fissistigma bracteolatum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012. [PMID: 23201462 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fissistigma bracteolatum is widely used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases. However, its active components and mechanisms of action remain unclear. In this study, (3Z)-6,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-3-(phenylmethylidene)-5-(3-phenylpropanoyl)-1-benzofuran-2(3H) (bractelactone), a novel chalcone from F. bracteolatum, showed potent inhibitory effects against superoxide anion (O₂·⁻) production, elastase release, and CD11b expression in formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced human neutrophils. However, bractelactone showed only weak inhibition of phorbol myristate acetate-caused O₂·⁻ production. The peak cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺](i)) was unaltered by bractelactone in FMLP-induced neutrophils, but the decay time of [Ca²⁺](i) was significantly shortened. In a calcium-free solution, changes in [Ca²⁺](i) caused by the addition of extracellular Ca²⁺ were inhibited by bractelactone in FMLP-activated cells. In addition, bractelactone did not alter the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK, JNK, or AKT or the concentration of cAMP. These results suggest that bractelactone selectively inhibits store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). In agreement with this concept, bractelactone suppressed sustained [Ca²⁺](i) changes in thapsigargin-activated neutrophils. Furthermore, bractelactone did not alter FMLP-induced formation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the anti-inflammatory effects of bractelactone, an active ingredient of F. bracteolatum, in human neutrophils are through the selective inhibition of SOCE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Bacterial DNA (bDNA) contains hypomethylated "CpG" repeats that can be recognized by Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR-9) as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern. The ability of bDNA to initiate lung injury via TLR-9 has been inferred on the basis of studies using artificial CpG DNA. But the role of authentic bDNA in lung injury is still unknown. Moreover, the mechanisms by which CpG DNA species can lead to pulmonary injury are unknown, although neutrophils (PMNs) are thought to play a key role in the genesis of septic acute lung injury. We evaluated the effects of bDNA on PMN-endothelial cell (EC) interactions thought critical for initiation of acute lung injury. Using a biocapacitance system to monitor real-time changes in endothelial permeability, we demonstrate here that bDNA causes EC permeability in a dose-dependent manner uniquely in the presence of PMNs. These permeability changes are inhibited by chloroquine, suggesting TLR-9 dependency. When PMNs were preincubated with bDNA and applied to ECs or when bDNA was applied to ECs without PMNs, no permeability changes were detected. To study the underlying mechanisms, we evaluated the effects of bDNA on PMN-EC adherence. Bacterial DNA significantly increased PMN adherence to ECs in association with upregulated adhesion molecules in both cell types. Taken together, our results strongly support the conclusion that bDNA can initiate lung injury by stimulating PMN-EC adhesive interactions predisposing to endothelial permeability. Bacterial DNA stimulation of TLR-9 appears to promote enhanced gene expression of adhesion molecules in both cell types. This leads to PMN-EC cross-talk, which is required for injury to occur.
Collapse
|
29
|
Lopez E, Jardin I, Berna-Erro A, Bermejo N, Salido GM, Sage SO, Rosado JA, Redondo PC. STIM1 tyrosine-phosphorylation is required for STIM1-Orai1 association in human platelets. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1315-22. [PMID: 22387225 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is a key element of the store-operated Ca(2+) entry mechanism (SOCE). Recently, regulation of STIM1 by glycosylation and phosphorylation on serine/threonine or proline residues has been described; however other modes of phosphorylation that are important for activating SOCE in platelets, such as tyrosine phosphorylation, have been poorly investigated. Here we investigate the latency of STIM1 phosphorylation on tyrosine residues during the first steps of SOCE activation. Human platelets were stimulated and fixed at desired times using rapid kinetic assays instruments, and immunoprecipitation and western blotting techniques were then used to investigate the pattern of STIM1 tyrosine phosphorylation during the first steps of SOCE activation. We have found that maximal STIM1 tyrosine phosphorylation occurred 2.5s after stimulation of human platelets with thapsigargin (Tg). STIM1 localized in the plasma membrane were also phosphorylated in platelets stimulated with Tg. By using chemical inhibitors that target different members of the Src family of tyrosine kinases (SKFs), two independent signaling pathways involved in STIM1 tyrosine phosphorylation during the first steps of SOCE activation were identified. We finally conclude that STIM1 tyrosine phosphorylation is a key event for the association of STIM1 with plasma membrane Ca(2+) channels such as Orai1, hence it is required for conducting SOCE activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Lopez
- Cell Physiology Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) reduces respiratory burst, MMP-9 release and CD11b expression, and increases l-selectin shedding in bovine neutrophils. Res Vet Sci 2012; 92:103-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
31
|
Conejeros I, Velásquez Z, Carretta M, Alarcón P, Hidalgo M, Burgos R. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) reduces alkaline phosphatase release, CD63 expression, F-actin polymerization and chemotaxis without affecting the phagocytosis activity in bovine neutrophils. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 145:540-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
32
|
Pan L, Wu X, Zhao D, Hessari NM, Lee I, Zhang X, Xu J. Sulfhydryl modification induces calcium entry through IP₃-sensitive store-operated pathway in activation-dependent human neutrophils. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25262. [PMID: 21984909 PMCID: PMC3184953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As the first line of host defense, neutrophils are stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines from resting state, facilitating the execution of immunomodulatory functions in activation state. Sulfhydryl modification has a regulatory role in a wide variety of physiological functions through mediation of signaling transductions in various cell types. Recent research suggested that two kinds of sulfhydryl modification, S-nitrosylation by exogenous nitric oxide (NO) and alkylation by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), could induce calcium entry through a non-store-operated pathway in resting rat neutrophils and DDT1MF-2 cells, while in active human neutrophils a different process has been observed by us. In the present work, data showed that NEM induced a sharp rising of cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]c) without external calcium, followed by a second [Ca2+]c increase with readdition of external calcium in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-activated human neutrophils. Meanwhile, addition of external calcium did not cause [Ca2+]c change of Ca2+-free PMA-activated neutrophils before application of NEM. These data indicated that NEM could induce believable store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in PMA-activated neutrophils. Besides, we found that sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a donor of exogenous NO, resulted in believable SOCE in PMA-activated human neutrophils via S-nitrosylation modification. In contrast, NEM and SNP have no effect on [Ca2+]c of resting neutrophils which were performed in suspension. Furthermore, 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, a reliable blocker of SOCE and an inhibitor of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor, evidently abolished SNP and NEM-induced calcium entry at 75 µM, while preventing calcium release in a concentration-dependent manner. Considered together, these results demonstrated that NEM and SNP induced calcium entry through an IP3-sensitive store-operated pathway of human neutrophils via sulfhydryl modification in a PMA-induced activation-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leiting Pan
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics School and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Burgos RA, Conejeros I, Hidalgo MA, Werling D, Hermosilla C. Calcium influx, a new potential therapeutic target in the control of neutrophil-dependent inflammatory diseases in bovines. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011; 143:1-10. [PMID: 21764141 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first line of defense against pathogens in bovines; however, they are also one of the most aggressive cells during the inflammatory process, causing injury in surrounding tissues. At present, anti-inflammatory drugs are limited in acute diseases, such as pneumonia, mastitis and endometritis, because neutrophils are mostly insensitive. One of the earliest events during neutrophil activation is the increase in intracellular calcium concentration. The calcium movement is attributed to the release from intracellular stores and influx through the calcium channels in the plasma membrane, a process called store operated calcium entry (SOCE). Recently, several calcium influx blockers have been shown to have strong effects on bovine neutrophils, and this suggests that the manipulation of this pathway can be useful in the control of neutrophil functions during acute inflammatory processes. In this paper, we will review the role of calcium influx as a potential anti-inflammatory target and summarize the most recent evidences for this in bovine neutrophils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A Burgos
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Shin HS, Xu F, Bagchi A, Herrup E, Prakash A, Valentine C, Kulkarni H, Wilhelmsen K, Warren S, Hellman J. Bacterial lipoprotein TLR2 agonists broadly modulate endothelial function and coagulation pathways in vitro and in vivo. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 186:1119-30. [PMID: 21169547 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
TLR2 activation induces cellular and organ inflammation and affects lung function. Because deranged endothelial function and coagulation pathways contribute to sepsis-induced organ failure, we studied the effects of bacterial lipoprotein TLR2 agonists, including peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein, Pam3Cys, and murein lipoprotein, on endothelial function and coagulation pathways in vitro and in vivo. TLR2 agonist treatment induced diverse human endothelial cells to produce IL-6 and IL-8 and to express E-selectin on their surface, including HUVEC, human lung microvascular endothelial cells, and human coronary artery endothelial cells. Treatment of HUVEC with TLR2 agonists caused increased monolayer permeability and had multiple coagulation effects, including increased production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and tissue factor, as well as decreased production of tissue plasminogen activator and tissue factor pathway inhibitor. TLR2 agonist treatment also increased HUVEC expression of TLR2 itself. Peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein induced IL-6 production by endothelial cells from wild-type mice but not from TLR2 knockout mice, indicating TLR2 specificity. Mice were challenged with TLR2 agonists, and lungs and plasmas were assessed for markers of leukocyte trafficking and coagulopathy. Wild-type mice, but not TLR2 mice, that were challenged i.v. with TLR2 agonists had increased lung levels of myeloperoxidase and mRNAs for E-selectin, P-selectin, and MCP-1, and they had increased plasma PAI-1 and E-selectin levels. Intratracheally administered TLR2 agonist caused increased lung fibrin levels. These studies show that TLR2 activation by bacterial lipoproteins broadly affects endothelial function and coagulation pathways, suggesting that TLR2 activation contributes in multiple ways to endothelial activation, coagulopathy, and vascular leakage in sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Sook Shin
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Salmon MD, Ahluwalia J. Pharmacology of receptor operated calcium entry in human neutrophils. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 11:145-8. [PMID: 21081191 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In neutrophils, increases in intracellular calcium [Ca(2+)](i) provide a crucial link between inflammatory mediators and inflammatory responses. The modulation of [Ca(2+)](i) fluxes in non-excitable cells such as neutrophils has been studied for more than 25 years yet remains to be resolved. In these cells, the Ca(2+) influx can occur through at least two mechanisms, as follows: one dependent on the state of filling of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) stores, termed store operated calcium entry (SOCE), and the other less studied mechanism in neutrophils which is not dependent on the state of the Ca(2+) stores but is regulated by receptor occupation, termed receptor operated calcium entry (ROCE). Over the past ten years, the molecular components of SOCE have been extensively characterized, but in neutrophils, the molecular components of ROCE have only recently been explored. In this review, we discuss recent research findings that have demonstrated an important role for ROCE in human neutrophils. In addition, an overview of pharmacological approaches used to discriminate between ROCE and SOCE will be discussed. The elucidation of the molecular components of ROCE may well provide important pharmacological targets for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Salmon
- Leukocyte and Ion Channel Research Laboratory, School of Health and Biosciences, University of East London, Stratford Campus, London E15 4LZ, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Salmon MD, Ahluwalia J. Discrimination between receptor- and store-operated Ca(2+) influx in human neutrophils. Cell Immunol 2010; 265:1-5. [PMID: 20716450 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2010.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 07/17/2010] [Accepted: 07/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ca(2+) and Sr(2+) entry pathways activated by pro-inflammatory agonists FMLP, LTB(4) and PAF have been compared to thapsigargin in human neutrophils. 2-APB (10microM) increased Ca(2+) influx and to a greater extent in agonist than in thapsigargin stimulated neutrophils. This action of 2-APB was specific to Ca(2+) because 2-APB did not augment Sr(2+) entry in agonist and thapsigargin stimulated neutrophils. This suggests that Ca(2+) and Sr(2+) entry can be used to discriminate between receptor and non-receptor (store)-operated Ca(2+) influx. Our data show for the first time that Pyr3 whilst partially inhibiting agonist induced Ca(2+) influx almost completely abolished Ca(2+) influx after thapsigargin stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Salmon
- Leukocyte and Ion Channel Research Laboratory, School of Health and Biosciences, University of East London, Stratford Campus, Romford Road, London E15 4LZ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sphingosine kinase inhibition alleviates endothelial permeability induced by thrombin and activated neutrophils. Shock 2010; 33:381-6. [PMID: 19851125 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e3181c6bb75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and microvascular thrombosis are interrelated causes of acute lung injury in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear neutrophil [PMN]) and endothelial cells (EC) activated by systemic inflammatory response syndrome interact to increase pulmonary vascular permeability, but the interactions between PMN and EC are difficult to study. Recently, we reported that sphingosine 1-phosphate is a second messenger eliciting store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in response to inflammatory agonists in both PMN and EC. Store-operated calcium entry is therefore a target mechanism for the therapeutic modulation of inflammatory PMN-EC interactions. Here, we isolated, modeled, and studied the effects of pharmacologic SOCE inhibition using real-time systems to monitor EC permeability after exposure to activated PMN. We created systems to continuously assess permeability of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells and human microvascular endothelial cells from lung. Endothelial cells show increased permeability after challenge by activated PMN. Such permeability increases can be attenuated by exposure of the cocultures to sphingosine kinase (SK) inhibitors (SKI-2, N,N-dimethylsphingosine [DMS]) or Ca2+ entry inhibitors (Gd3+, MRS-1845). Human microvascular endothelial cells from lung pretreated with SKI-2 or DMS showed decreased permeability when later exposed to activated PMN. Likewise, when PMNs were activated with thapsigargin (TG) in the presence of SKI-2, DMS, Gd, or MRS-1845, their ability to cause EC permeability subsequently was reduced. SKI-2 also inhibited the activation of human pulmonary artery ECs by thrombin. These studies will provide a firm mechanistic foundation for understanding how systemic SOCE inhibition may be used to prevent acute lung injury in vivo.
Collapse
|
38
|
Actions of calcium influx blockers in human neutrophils support a role for receptor-operated calcium entry. Cell Immunol 2010; 262:6-10. [PMID: 20172509 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The action of two potent store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) inhibitors, ML-9 and GdCl3 on Ca2+ fluxes induced by the pro-inflammatory agonists FMLP, PAF, LTB(4) as well as the receptor-independent stimulus thapsigargin has not been documented in human neutrophils. In this study, ML-9 enhanced both release and subsequent Ca2+ influx in response to agonists whereas it enhanced Ca2+ release by thapsigargin, but inhibited Ca2+ influx. In contrast, 1muM GdCl3 completely inhibited Ca2+ influx in response to thapsigargin, but only partially blocked Ca2+ influx after agonist stimulation. These results strongly suggest a major role for receptor-operated Ca2+ influx in human neutrophils.
Collapse
|
39
|
Itagaki K, Menconi M, Antoniu B, Zhang Q, Gonnella P, Soybel D, Hauser C, Hasselgren PO. Dexamethasone stimulates store-operated calcium entry and protein degradation in cultured L6 myotubes through a phospholipase A(2)-dependent mechanism. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2010; 298:C1127-39. [PMID: 20107037 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00309.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Muscle wasting in various catabolic conditions is at least in part regulated by glucocorticoids. Increased calcium levels have been reported in atrophying muscle. Mechanisms regulating calcium homeostasis in muscle wasting, in particular the role of glucocorticoids, are poorly understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that glucocorticoids increase intracellular calcium concentrations in skeletal muscle and stimulate store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and that these effects of glucocorticoids may at least in part be responsible for glucocorticoid-induced protein degradation. Treatment of cultured myotubes with dexamethasone, a frequently used in vitro model of muscle wasting, resulted in increased intracellular calcium concentrations determined by fura-2 AM fluorescence measurements. When SOCE was measured by using calcium "add-back" to muscle cells after depletion of intracellular calcium stores, results showed that SOCE was increased 15-25% by dexamethasone and that this response to dexamethasone was inhibited by the store-operated calcium channel blocker BTP2. Dexamethasone treatment stimulated the activity of calcium-independent phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)), and dexamethasone-induced increase in SOCE was reduced by the iPLA(2) inhibitor bromoenol lactone (BEL). In additional experiments, treatment of myotubes with the store-operated calcium channel inhibitor gadolinium ion or BEL reduced dexamethasone-induced increase in protein degradation. Taken together, the results suggest that glucocorticoids increase calcium concentrations in myocytes and stimulate iPLA(2)-dependent SOCE and that glucocorticoid-induced muscle protein degradation may at least in part be regulated by increased iPLA(2) activity, SOCE, and cellular calcium levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Itagaki
- Dept. of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
The dynamic response of neutrophils to interleukin-8 (IL-8) is of central interest in inflammation. Chemokine -induced β(2) integrin dependent adhesion can take several minutes after initial contact with IL-8 as evidenced by increased cell adhesion to intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). The goal of this study is to identify signaling events that are critical for this response. We demonstrate that neither the PI3K inhibitor wortmannin, nor the PKC inhibitor bisindolymaleimide had any effect on IL-8 induced adhesion to ICAM-1. However, inhibition of PLC with U73122 or stopping the release of intracellular calcium by its downstream effector IP3 with caffeine or 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate completely blocked the adhesive response. Chelation of intracellular calcium with BAPTA or extracellular calcium with EGTA completely abrogated neutrophil adhesion to ICAM-1. This adhesion is mediated by LFA-1 (α(L)β(2)) within first 300 seconds after chemokine stimulation, followed by Mac-1 (α(M)β(2)) mediated adhesion, beginning 350 seconds after stimulus. Inhibition of p38MAP kinase results in a time course similar to Mac-1 inhibition, consistent with published evidence that Mac-1 mediated adhesion is p38MAP kinase dependent. These findings confirm a PLC dependent, PKC independent pathway from chemokine stimulus to integrin activation previously identified in other cell types, and demonstrate distinct dynamics and different requirements for LFA-1 vs. Mac-1 activation in primary human neutrophils.
Collapse
|
41
|
Hinkovska-Galcheva V, Shayman JA. Ceramide-1-phosphate in phagocytosis and calcium homeostasis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 688:131-40. [PMID: 20919651 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-6741-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are well established sources of important signaling molecules. For example, ceramide (Cer) has been described as a potent inhibitor of cell growth and inducer of apoptosis. In contrast, ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) has been reported to have mitogenic properties and to inhibit apoptosis. Our understanding of the distinct biological roles of C1P in the regulation of DNA synthesis, inflammation, membrane fusion and intracellular Ca2+ increase has rapidly expanded. C1P is a bioactive sphingolipid formed by the phosphorylation of ceramide catalyzed by ceramide kinase (CERK). This chapter specifically focuses on the role of C1P in phagocytosis and Ca2+ homeostasis. Studies of the metabolism of C1P during phagocytosis, may lead to a better understanding of its role in signaling. Potentially, the inhibition of CERK and C1P formation may be a therapeutic target for inflammation.
Collapse
|
42
|
Pantaler E, Lückhoff A. Inhibitors of TRP channels reveal stimulus-dependent differential activation of Ca2+ influx pathways in human neutrophil granulocytes. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2009; 380:497-507. [PMID: 19894037 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-009-0464-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A pharmacological characterization of Ca(2+) influx pathways in neutrophil granulocytes is problematic because of the lack of specific inhibitors. The activation of transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2 (TRPM2) channels by intracellular adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR), well characterized in neutrophils, is reportedly inhibited by 8-bromo-ADPR (8Br-ADPR). TRPM2 is blocked by N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid (ACA) interfering with the pore, but ACA is as well effective on other transient receptor potential channels, especially transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels. We wished to analyze whether ACA and 8Br-ADPR were suitable probes to demonstrate that different Ca(2+) entry pathways are activated in human neutrophil granulocytes by the receptor-dependent stimuli N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) and the receptor-independent thapsigargin. Ca(2+)-influx-related increases in [Ca(2+)](i) were calculated by comparing aliquots of fluo-3-loaded neutrophils in the presence and absence of extracellular Ca(2+). Moreover, Mn(2+) quenching was used in fura-2-loaded cells. We compared 8Br-ADPR with ACA. 8Br-ADPR was exclusively effective when Ca(2+) influx (or Mn(2+) quenching) was induced by fMLP; it did not affect influx when PAF or thapsigargin was the stimulus. ACA inhibited Ca(2+) influx significantly more strongly when this was induced by PAF than by fMLP. Moreover, it reduced thapsigargin-induced Ca(2+) influx. The contribution of TRPM2 to Ca(2+) influx in neutrophils strongly depends on the stimulus; it is sizeable in the case of fMLP and minimal in the case of PAF. PAF induces Ca(2+) entry pathways different from TRPM2; the inhibition by ACA suggests the contribution of channels of the TRPC family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pantaler
- Institut für Physiologie, Medizinische Fakultät der Reinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Itagaki K, Barton BE, Murphy TF, Taheri S, Shu P, Huang H, Jordan ML. Eicosanoid-induced store-operated calcium entry in dendritic cells. J Surg Res 2009; 169:301-10. [PMID: 20080257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2009] [Revised: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eicosanoids are generally recognized to exert potent immunomodulatory properties, including effects on T cell, antigen-presenting cell (APC), and dendritic cell (DC) maturation and function. Since DC maturation and function may also be regulated by store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), we hypothesized that the effects of eicosanoids on DC function may in part be regulated through changes in intracellular calcium. METHODS DC derived from the bone marrow of male Balb/ByJ mice cultured for 7 d in the presence of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) were used to study the effects of eicosanoids on SOCE and the resulting Ca(2+) mobilization. RESULTS The 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) products leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) and LTD(4,) but not LTC(4), depleted Ca(2+) from DC endoplasmic reticulum stores. The specificity of LTB(4) and LTD(4) on Ca(2+) store-depletion was confirmed by the ability of the specific receptor antagonists, LY25583 and MK571, respectively, to abrogate Ca(2+) store depletion. RT-PCR demonstrated DC receptors for LTB(4) (BLT(1) and BLT(2)) and the cysteinyl-LTs (CysLT(1), CysLT(2), and GPR17). We also detected transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) 1, 2, 4, and 6 and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) on CD11c(+) DCs, suggesting these proteins also participate in DC SOCE. In contrast, the cyclooxygenase (CO) metabolite PGE(2) had no effect on DC Ca(2+) mobilization. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, these are the first observations of distinct effects of eicosanoids on DC Ca(2+) mobilization, which may have important implications for the regulation of DC maturation at sites of immune and non-immune inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Itagaki
- Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07101, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hwang TL, Su YC, Chang HL, Leu YL, Chung PJ, Kuo LM, Chang YJ. Suppression of superoxide anion and elastase release by C18 unsaturated fatty acids in human neutrophils. J Lipid Res 2009; 50:1395-408. [PMID: 19295184 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m800574-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure-activity relationship of 18-carbon fatty acids (C(18) FAs) on human neutrophil functions and their underlying mechanism were investigated. C(18) unsaturated (U)FAs potently inhibited superoxide anion production, elastase release, and Ca(2+) mobilization at concentrations of <10 microM in formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-activated human neutrophils. However, neither saturated FA nor esterified UFAs inhibited these neutrophil functions. The inhibitory potencies of C(18) UFAs decreased in the following order: C(18):1 > C(18):2 > C(18):3 > C(18):4. Notably, the potency of attenuating Ca(2+) mobilization was closely correlated with decreasing cellular responses. The inhibitions of Ca(2+) mobilization by C(18) UFAs were not altered in a Ca(2+)-containing Na(+)-deprived medium. Significantly, C(18) UFAs increased the activities of plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase (PMCA) in neutrophils and isolated cell membranes. In contrast, C(18) UFAs failed to alter either the cAMP level or phosphodiesterase activity. Moreover, C(18) UFAs did not reduce extracellular Ba(2+) entry in FMLP- and thapsigargin-activated neutrophils. In summary, the inhibition of neutrophil functions by C(18) UFAs is attributed to the blockade of Ca(2+) mobilization through modulation of PMCA. We also suggest that both the free carboxy group and the number of double bonds of the C(18) UFA structure are critical to providing the potent anti-inflammatory properties in human neutrophils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang D, Shooshtarizadeh P, Laventie BJ, Colin DA, Chich JF, Vidic J, de Barry J, Chasserot-Golaz S, Delalande F, Van Dorsselaer A, Schneider F, Helle K, Aunis D, Prévost G, Metz-Boutigue MH. Two chromogranin a-derived peptides induce calcium entry in human neutrophils by calmodulin-regulated calcium independent phospholipase A2. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4501. [PMID: 19225567 PMCID: PMC2639705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial peptides derived from the natural processing of chromogranin A (CgA) are co-secreted with catecholamines upon stimulation of chromaffin cells. Since PMNs play a central role in innate immunity, we examine responses by PMNs following stimulation by two antimicrobial CgA-derived peptides. Methodology/Principal Findings PMNs were treated with different concentrations of CgA-derived peptides in presence of several drugs. Calcium mobilization was observed by using flow cytometry and calcium imaging experiments. Immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy have shown the intracellular localization of the peptides. The calmodulin-binding and iPLA2 activating properties of the peptides were shown by Surface Plasmon Resonance and iPLA2 activity assays. Finally, a proteomic analysis of the material released after PMNs treatment with CgA-derived peptides was performed by using HPLC and Nano-LC MS-MS. By using flow cytometry we first observed that after 15 s, in presence of extracellular calcium, Chromofungin (CHR) or Catestatin (CAT) induce a concentration-dependent transient increase of intracellular calcium. In contrast, in absence of extra cellular calcium the peptides are unable to induce calcium depletion from the stores after 10 minutes exposure. Treatment with 2-APB (2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate), a store operated channels (SOCs) blocker, inhibits completely the calcium entry, as shown by calcium imaging. We also showed that they activate iPLA2 as the two CaM-binding factors (W7 and CMZ) and that the two sequences can be aligned with the two CaM-binding domains reported for iPLA2. We finally analyzed by HPLC and Nano-LC MS-MS the material released by PMNs following stimulation by CHR and CAT. We characterized several factors important for inflammation and innate immunity. Conclusions/Significance For the first time, we demonstrate that CHR and CAT, penetrate into PMNs, inducing extracellular calcium entry by a CaM-regulated iPLA2 pathway. Our study highlights the role of two CgA-derived peptides in the active communication between neuroendocrine and immune systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- INSERM U575, Physiopathologie du Système Nerveux, Strasbourg, France
- Département de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
- First Hospital, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Benoît-Joseph Laventie
- UPRES-EA 3432, Institut de Bactériologie de la Faculté de Médecine, Université Louis Pasteur, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Didier André Colin
- UPRES-EA 3432, Institut de Bactériologie de la Faculté de Médecine, Université Louis Pasteur, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-François Chich
- INSERM U575, Physiopathologie du Système Nerveux, Strasbourg, France
- INRA, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jasmina Vidic
- INRA, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean de Barry
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UMR 7168 CNRS-Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvette Chasserot-Golaz
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UMR 7168 CNRS-Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Alain Van Dorsselaer
- Laboratoire de spectrométrie de masse BioOrganique, IPHC-DSA, ULP, CNRS, UMR7178, Strasbourg, France
| | - Francis Schneider
- Département de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - Karen Helle
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dominique Aunis
- INSERM U575, Physiopathologie du Système Nerveux, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gilles Prévost
- UPRES-EA 3432, Institut de Bactériologie de la Faculté de Médecine, Université Louis Pasteur, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Simon SI, Sarantos MR, Green CE, Schaff UY. Leucocyte recruitment under fluid shear: mechanical and molecular regulation within the inflammatory synapse. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2008; 36:217-24. [PMID: 19018799 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2008.05083.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
1. Nature has evolved an exquisite system for regulation of leucocyte recruitment at sites of tissue inflammation. Mechanical energy translated to the red and white blood cells transports them from large arteries down to the microcirculation. 2. Neutrophils overcome the drag forces of blood flow by forming selectin and integrin adhesive bonds with the endothelium that coats the vessel wall. Leucocyte adhesion receptors have evolved unique mechanical and chemical properties that optimize for sequential binding and uptake of traction forces. 3. In the present brief review, we address how dispersive forces acting on a neutrophil in shear flow function to stabilize and synchronize bond formation within a macromolecular membrane complex we denote the inflammatory synapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott I Simon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
CALCIUM ENTRY INHIBITION DURING RESUSCITATION FROM SHOCK ATTENUATES INFLAMMATORY LUNG INJURY. Shock 2008; 30:29-35. [DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e318145a589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
48
|
El Zein N, Badran B, Sariban E. The neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide modulates Ca2+ and pro-inflammatory functions in human monocytes through the G protein-coupled receptors VPAC-1 and formyl peptide receptor-like 1. Cell Calcium 2008; 43:270-84. [PMID: 17651798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2007.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2007] [Revised: 05/18/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In human neutrophils, the neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) acting via the G protein-coupled receptors vasoactive intestinal peptide/PACAP receptor 1 (VPAC-1) and formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) modulates Ca2+ and pro-inflammatory activities. We evaluated in human monocytes the importance of the Ca2+ signal and the participation of FPRL1 in PACAP-associated signaling pathways and pro-inflammatory activities. PACAP-evoked Ca2+ transient involved both Ca2+ influx and intracytoplasmic Ca2+ mobilisation. This was pertussis toxin, protein kinase A and adenylate cyclase dependent indicating the participation of Galphai and Galphas with mobilisation of both InsP3 sensitive and insensitive stores. Intra- or extracellular Ca2+ depletion resulted in the inhibition of PACAP-induced, Akt, ERK, p38 and NF-kappaB activations as well as a decrease in PACAP-associated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and integrin CD11b membrane upregulation. The FPRL1 antagonist, Trp-Arg-Trp-Trp-Trp (WRW4), decreased PACAP-evoked Ca2+ signal, Akt, ERK phosphorylation, ROS and CD11b upregulation without affecting p38 phosphorylation. NF-kappaB inhibitors prevented PACAP-induced Ca2+ mobilisation. Monocytes pre-treatment with fMLP but not with LPS desensitised cells to the pro-inflammatory effects of PACAP. Thus, both intra- and extracellular Ca2+ play a role in controlling pro-inflammatory functions stimulated by PACAP which acts through a VPAC-1, FPRL1/Galphai/PI3K/ERK pathway and a VPAC-1/Galphas/PKA/p38 pathway to fully activate monocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil El Zein
- Hemato-Oncology Unit and Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hinkovska-Galcheva V, Clark A, VanWay S, Huang JB, Hiraoka M, Abe A, Borofsky M, Kunkel RG, Shanley T, Shayman JA, Lanni F, Petty HR, Boxer LA. Ceramide kinase promotes Ca2+ signaling near IgG-opsonized targets and enhances phagolysosomal fusion in COS-1 cells. J Lipid Res 2008; 49:531-42. [DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m700442-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
|
50
|
Redondo PC, Salido GM, Pariente JA, Sage SO, Rosado JA. SERCA2b and 3 play a regulatory role in store-operated calcium entry in human platelets. Cell Signal 2008; 20:337-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Accepted: 10/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|