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Kinins and Kinin Receptors in Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030240. [PMID: 33800422 PMCID: PMC8000381 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This review addresses the physiological role of the kallikrein–kinin system in arteries, heart and kidney and the consequences of kallikrein and kinin actions in diseases affecting these organs, especially ischemic and diabetic diseases. Emphasis is put on pharmacological and genetic studies targeting kallikrein; ACE/kininase II; and the two kinin receptors, B1 (B1R) and B2 (B2R), distinguished through the work of Domenico Regoli and his collaborators. Potential therapeutic interest and limitations of the pharmacological manipulation of B1R or B2R activity in cardiovascular and renal diseases are discussed. This discussion addresses either the activation or inhibition of these receptors, based on recent clinical and experimental studies.
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2
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Ca 2+ homeostasis in brain microvascular endothelial cells. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 362:55-110. [PMID: 34253298 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Blood brain barrier (BBB) is formed by the brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) lining the wall of brain capillaries. Its integrity is regulated by multiple mechanisms, including up/downregulation of tight junction proteins or adhesion molecules, altered Ca2+ homeostasis, remodeling of cytoskeleton, that are confined at the level of BMVECs. Beside the contribution of BMVECs to BBB permeability changes, other cells, such as pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, leukocytes or neurons, etc. are also exerting direct or indirect modulatory effects on BBB. Alterations in BBB integrity play a key role in multiple brain pathologies, including neurological (e.g. epilepsy) and neurodegenerative disorders (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis etc.). In this review, the principal Ca2+ signaling pathways in brain microvascular endothelial cells are discussed and their contribution to BBB integrity is emphasized. Improving the knowledge of Ca2+ homeostasis alterations in BMVECa is fundamental to identify new possible drug targets that diminish/prevent BBB permeabilization in neurological and neurodegenerative disorders.
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3
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Sörensen-Zender I, Chen R, Rong S, David S, Melk A, Haller H, Schmitt R. Binding to carboxypeptidase M mediates protective effects of fibrinopeptide Bβ 15-42. Transl Res 2019; 213:124-135. [PMID: 31401267 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
During fibrinolysis a 28-amino-acid peptide is generated besides other degradation products of fibrin. This peptide, called Bβ15-42, which is cleaved by plasmin from the end of the fibrin Bβ-chain, is protective in myocardial and renal ischemia/reperfusion injury and improves the outcome in experimental sepsis. Bβ15-42 has been shown to mediate different beneficial effects in endothelial cells through binding to vascular endothelial-cadherin. Here, we provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that Bβ15-42 has additional cell protective activity in tubular cells, which is caused by a distinct mechanism. As vascular endothelial-cadherin is not expressed by tubular cells we used ligand-receptor capture technology LRC-TriCEPS to search for tubular cell surface receptors and identified carboxypeptidase M (CBPM) as a novel binding partner of Bβ15-42. Silencing CBPM with siRNA reduced the protective potential of Bβ15-42 against tubular cell stress. Bβ15-42 inhibited the enzymatic activity of CBPM and modified the impact of CBPM on bradykinin signaling. We conclude that beneficial properties of Bβ15-42 are not restricted to endothelial cells but are also active in epithelial cells where cytoprotection depends on CBPM binding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Song Rong
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Sascha David
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Anette Melk
- Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Schmitt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical School Hannover, Germany
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4
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Wu J, Zhang Q, Wu W, Pang T, Hu H, Chan WKB, Ke X, Zhang Y. WDL-RF: predicting bioactivities of ligand molecules acting with G protein-coupled receptors by combining weighted deep learning and random forest. Bioinformatics 2019; 34:2271-2282. [PMID: 29432522 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Precise assessment of ligand bioactivities (including IC50, EC50, Ki, Kd, etc.) is essential for virtual screening and lead compound identification. However, not all ligands have experimentally determined activities. In particular, many G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are the largest integral membrane protein family and represent targets of nearly 40% drugs on the market, lack published experimental data about ligand interactions. Computational methods with the ability to accurately predict the bioactivity of ligands can help efficiently address this problem. Results We proposed a new method, WDL-RF, using weighted deep learning and random forest, to model the bioactivity of GPCR-associated ligand molecules. The pipeline of our algorithm consists of two consecutive stages: (i) molecular fingerprint generation through a new weighted deep learning method, and (ii) bioactivity calculations with a random forest model; where one uniqueness of the approach is that the model allows end-to-end learning of prediction pipelines with input ligands being of arbitrary size. The method was tested on a set of twenty-six non-redundant GPCRs that have a high number of active ligands, each with 200-4000 ligand associations. The results from our benchmark show that WDL-RF can generate bioactivity predictions with an average root-mean square error 1.33 and correlation coefficient (r2) 0.80 compared to the experimental measurements, which are significantly more accurate than the control predictors with different molecular fingerprints and descriptors. In particular, data-driven molecular fingerprint features, as extracted from the weighted deep learning models, can help solve deficiencies stemming from the use of traditional hand-crafted features and significantly increase the efficiency of short molecular fingerprints in virtual screening. Availability and implementation The WDL-RF web server, as well as source codes and datasets of WDL-RF, is freely available at https://zhanglab.ccmb.med.umich.edu/WDL-RF/ for academic purposes. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Wu
- School of Geographic and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China.,Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Qiuming Zhang
- School of Telecommunication and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Weijian Wu
- College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Pang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haifeng Hu
- School of Telecommunication and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Wallace K B Chan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Child Mental Health Research Center, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
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5
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Berger M, de Moraes JA, Beys-da-Silva WO, Santi L, Terraciano PB, Driemeier D, Cirne-Lima EO, Passos EP, Vieira MAR, Barja-Fidalgo TC, Guimarães JA. Renal and vascular effects of kallikrein inhibition in a model of Lonomia obliqua venom-induced acute kidney injury. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007197. [PMID: 30763408 PMCID: PMC6392336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lonomia obliqua venom is nephrotoxic and acute kidney injury (AKI) is the main cause of death among envenomed victims. Mechanism underlying L. obliqua-induced AKI involves renal hypoperfusion, inflammation, tubular necrosis and loss of glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption capacities. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the contribution of kallikrein to the hemodynamic instability, inflammation and consequent renal and vascular impairment. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Addition of L. obliqua venom to purified prekallikrein and human plasma in vitro or to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in culture, was able to generate kallikrein in a dose-dependent manner. Injected in rats, the venom induced AKI and increased kallikrein levels in plasma and kidney. Kallikrein inhibition by aprotinin prevented glomerular injury and the decrease in glomerular filtration rate, restoring fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. The mechanism underlying these effects was associated to lowering renal inflammation, with decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase expression, reduced tubular degeneration, and protection against oxidative stress. Supporting the key role of kallikrein, we demonstrated that aprotinin inhibited effects directly associated with vascular injury, such as the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and migration of VSMC induced by L. obliqua venom or by diluted plasma obtained from envenomed rats. In addition, kallikrein inhibition also ameliorated venom-induced blood incoagulability and decreased kidney tissue factor expression. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE These data indicated that kallikrein and consequently kinin release have a key role in kidney injury and vascular remodeling. Thus, blocking kallikrein may be a therapeutic alternative to control the progression of venom-induced AKI and vascular disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Berger
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (PPGGO), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - João Alfredo de Moraes
- Laboratório de Biologia REDOX, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Walter Orlando Beys-da-Silva
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Santi
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Barros Terraciano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (PPGGO), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - David Driemeier
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Obino Cirne-Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (PPGGO), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pandolfi Passos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (PPGGO), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Ribeiro Vieira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Renal, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thereza Christina Barja-Fidalgo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jorge Almeida Guimarães
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular de Molecular (PPGBCM), Centro de Biotecnologia (Cbiot-UFRGS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Activation of bradykinin B2 receptor induced the inflammatory responses of cytosolic phospholipase A 2 after the early traumatic brain injury. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2957-2971. [PMID: 29894755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipase A2 is a known aggravator of inflammation and deteriorates neurological outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI), however the exact inflammatory mechanisms remain unknown. This study investigated the role of bradykinin and its receptor, which are known initial mediators within inflammation activation, as well as the mechanisms of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2)-related inflammatory responses after TBI. We found that cPLA2 and bradykinin B2 receptor were upregulated after a TBI. Rats treated with the bradykinin B2 receptor inhibitor LF 16-0687 exhibited significantly less cPLA2 expression and related inflammatory responses in the brain cortex after sustaining a controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. Both the cPLA2 inhibitor and the LF16-0687 improved CCI rat outcomes by decreasing neuron death and reducing brain edema. The following TBI model utilized both primary astrocytes and primary neurons in order to gain further understanding of the inflammation mechanisms of the B2 bradykinin receptor and the cPLA2 in the central nervous system. There was a stronger reaction from the astrocytes as well as a protective effect of LF16-0687 after the stretch injury and bradykinin treatment. The protein kinase C pathway was thought to be involved in the B2 bradykinin receptor as well as the cPLA2-related inflammatory responses. Rottlerin, a Protein Kinase C (PKC) δ inhibitor, decreased the activity of the cPLA2 activity post-injury, and LF16-0687 suppressed both the PKC pathway and the cPLA2 activity within the astrocytes. These results indicated that the bradykinin B2 receptor-mediated pathway is involved in the cPLA2-related inflammatory response from the PKC pathway.
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7
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Nokkari A, Abou-El-Hassan H, Mechref Y, Mondello S, Kindy MS, Jaffa AA, Kobeissy F. Implication of the Kallikrein-Kinin system in neurological disorders: Quest for potential biomarkers and mechanisms. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 165-167:26-50. [PMID: 29355711 PMCID: PMC6026079 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders represent major health concerns in terms of comorbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite a tremendous increase in our understanding of the pathophysiological processes involved in disease progression and prevention, the accumulated knowledge so far resulted in relatively moderate translational benefits in terms of therapeutic interventions and enhanced clinical outcomes. Aiming at specific neural molecular pathways, different strategies have been geared to target the development and progression of such disorders. The kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) is among the most delineated candidate systems due to its ubiquitous roles mediating several of the pathophysiological features of these neurological disorders as well as being implicated in regulating various brain functions. Several experimental KKS models revealed that the inhibition or stimulation of the two receptors of the KKS system (B1R and B2R) can exhibit neuroprotective and/or adverse pathological outcomes. This updated review provides background details of the KKS components and their functions in different neurological disorders including temporal lobe epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, stroke, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and glioma. Finally, this work will highlight the putative roles of the KKS components as potential neurotherapeutic targets and provide future perspectives on the possibility of translating these findings into potential clinical biomarkers in neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaly Nokkari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadi Abou-El-Hassan
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Stefania Mondello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mark S Kindy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; James A. Haley VA Medical Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ayad A Jaffa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Medicine, Medical University of South, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; Center for Neuroproteomics & Biomarkers Research, Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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8
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Fedoros EI, Orlov AA, Zherebker A, Gubareva EA, Maydin MA, Konstantinov AI, Krasnov KA, Karapetian RN, Izotova EI, Pigarev SE, Panchenko AV, Tyndyk ML, Osolodkin DI, Nikolaev EN, Perminova IV, Anisimov VN. Novel water-soluble lignin derivative BP-Cx-1: identification of components and screening of potential targets in silico and in vitro. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18578-18593. [PMID: 29719628 PMCID: PMC5915095 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of molecular targets and mechanism of action is always a challenge, in particular – for natural compounds due to inherent chemical complexity. BP-Cx-1 is a water-soluble modification of hydrolyzed lignin used as the platform for a portfolio of innovative pharmacological products aimed for therapy and supportive care of oncological patients. The present study describes a new approach, which combines in vitro screening of potential molecular targets for BP-Cx-1 using Diversity Profile - P9 panel by Eurofins Cerep (France) with a search of possible active components in silico in ChEMBL - manually curated chemical database of bioactive molecules with drug-like properties. The results of diversity assay demonstrate that BP-Cx-1 has multiple biological effects on neurotransmitters receptors, ligand-gated ion channels and transporters. Of particular importance is that the major part of identified molecular targets are involved in modulation of inflammation and immune response and might be related to tumorigenesis. Characterization of molecular composition of BP-Cx-1 with Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry and subsequent identification of possible active components by searching for molecular matches in silico in ChEMBL indicated polyphenolic components, nominally, flavonoids, sapogenins, phenanthrenes, as the major carriers of biological activity of BP-Cx-1. In vitro and in silico target screening yielded overlapping lists of proteins: adenosine receptors, dopamine receptor DRD4, glucocorticoid receptor, serotonin receptor 5-HT1, prostaglandin receptors, muscarinic cholinergic receptor, GABAA receptor. The pleiotropic molecular activities of polyphenolic components are beneficial in treatment of multifactorial disorders such as diseases associated with chronic inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I Fedoros
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia.,Nobel LTD, Saint-Petersburg 192012, Russia
| | - Alexey A Orlov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander Zherebker
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo 143025, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Gubareva
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Maydin
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | | | - Konstantin A Krasnov
- Institute of Toxicology, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Saint-Petersburg 192019, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Andrey V Panchenko
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Margarita L Tyndyk
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Dmitry I Osolodkin
- Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS, Moscow 108819, Russia.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeny N Nikolaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo 143025, Russia.,Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia.,Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Irina V Perminova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Anisimov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
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9
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Silva IS, Nicolau LAD, Sousa FBM, Araújo SD, Oliveira AP, Araújo TSL, Souza LKM, Martins CS, Aquino PEA, Carvalho LL, Silva RO, Rolim-Neto PJ, Medeiros JVR. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential of aqueous extract and polysaccharide fraction of Thuja occidentalis Linn. in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:1105-1116. [PMID: 28751047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a protective reaction of the microcirculation. However, sustained inflammation can lead to undesired effects. Thuja occidentalis Linn has many pharmacological properties but has no anti-inflammatory activity described. Thus, this study aims evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract (AE) and the polysaccharide fraction (PLS) of T. occidentalis L. in mice. The results of our evaluations in various experimental models indicated that AE and PLS (3, 10, and 30mg/kg, i.p.) reduced (p˂0.05) paw edema induced by carrageenan, dextran sulfate (DEX), compound 48/80, serotonin (5-HT), bradykinin (BK), histamine (HIST), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Furthermore, it inhibited neutrophils recruitment; decreased MPO activity, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, vascular permeability, nitrite concentration, and MDA concentration; and maintained the GSH levels in the peritoneal exudate. The AE and PLS reduced neutrophil infiltration and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) immunostaining in paw tissue. Treatment with the AE and PLS (300mg/kg) did not induce gastric toxicity. In conclusion, these results show that the AE and PLS reduced the inflammatory response by inhibiting vascular and cellular events, inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and reducing oxidative stress. Furthermore, they did not induce gastric toxicity at high doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irismara S Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas A D Nicolau
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisca B M Sousa
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Simone de Araújo
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana P Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago S L Araújo
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luan Kelves M Souza
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Conceição S Martins
- Department of Morphofunctional Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro E A Aquino
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas L Carvalho
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renan O Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro J Rolim-Neto
- Technology Laboratory of Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes R Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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10
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Zou H, Wu G, Lv J, Xu G. Relationship of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) and bradykinin B2 receptor (BDKRB2) polymorphism with diabetic nephropathy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1264-1272. [PMID: 28390948 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether ACE2 I/D and BDKRB23 +9/-9 polymorphism causatively affect diabetic nephropathy progression RESULTS: STZ-induced metabolic disorder, as well as inflammatory responses, was significantly aggravated in ACE II-B2R4+9bp, ACE DD-B2R+9bp, or ACE DD-B2R-9bp diabetic mice but not ACE II-B2R-9bp, indicating the genetic susceptibility of ACE DD or B2R+9bp to diabetic nephropathy. Furthermore, ACE II-B2R+9bp, ACE DD-B2R+9bp, or ACE DD-B2R-9bp rather than ACE II-B2R-9bp, worsened renal performance and enhanced pathological alterations induced by STZ. Markedly elevated monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), podocin, osteopontin (OPN), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and reduced nephrin, podocin were also detected both in diabetic mice and podocytes under hyperglycemic conditions in response to ACE II-B2R+9bp, ACE DD-B2R+9bp, or ACE DD-B2R-9bp, versus ACE II-B2R-9bp. In addition, high glucose-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and cell apoptosis were observably increased in response to ACE II-B2R+9bp, ACE DD-B2R+9bp, or ACE DD-B2R-9bp but not ACE II-B2R-9bp. CONCLUSIONS We provide first evidence indicating the causation between ACE DD or B2R+9bp genotype and the increased risk for diabetic nephropathy, broadening our horizon about the role of genetic modulators in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Zou
- Medical Center of the Graduate School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guoqing Wu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinlei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17, Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, China
| | - Gaosi Xu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, China.
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Abdulla MH, Duff M, Swanton H, Johns EJ. Bradykinin receptor blockade restores the baroreflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity in cisplatin-induced renal failure rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 218:212-224. [PMID: 27614105 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated the effect of renal bradykinin B1 and B2 receptor blockade on the high- and low-pressure baroreceptor reflex regulation of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in rats with cisplatin-induced renal failure. METHODS Cisplatin (5 mg/kg) or saline was given intraperitoneally 4 days prior to study. Following chloralose/urethane anaesthesia, rats were prepared for measurement of mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate and RSNA and received intrarenal infusions of either Lys-[des-Arg9 , Leu8 ]-bradykinin (LBK), a bradykinin B1 receptor blocker, or bradyzide (BZ), a bradykinin B2 receptor blocker. RSNA baroreflex gain curves and renal sympatho-inhibitory responses to volume expansion (VE) were obtained. RESULTS In the control and renal failure groups, basal MAP (89 ± 3 vs. 80 ± 8 mmHg) and RSNA (2.0 ± 0.3 vs. 1.7 ± 0.6 μV.s) were similar but HR was lower in the latter group (331 ± 8 vs. 396 ± 9 beats/min). The baroreflex gain for RSNA in the renal failure rats was 39% (P < 0.05) lower than the control but was restored to normal values following intrarenal infusion of BZ, but not LBK. VE had no effect on MAP or HR but reduced RSNA by some 40% (P < 0.05) in control but not renal failure rats. Intrarenal LBK infusion in the renal failure rats normalized the VE induced renal sympatho-inhibition whereas BZ only partially restored the response. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that pro-inflammatory bradykinin acting at different receptors within the kidney generates afferent neural signals which impact differentially within the central nervous system on high- and low-pressure regulation of RSNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. H. Abdulla
- Department of Physiology; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - M. Duff
- Department of Physiology; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - H. Swanton
- Department of Physiology; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - E. J. Johns
- Department of Physiology; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
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Granger DN, Holm L, Kvietys P. The Gastrointestinal Circulation: Physiology and Pathophysiology. Compr Physiol 2016; 5:1541-83. [PMID: 26140727 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c150007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) circulation receives a large fraction of cardiac output and this increases following ingestion of a meal. While blood flow regulation is not the intense phenomenon noted in other vascular beds, the combined responses of blood flow, and capillary oxygen exchange help ensure a level of tissue oxygenation that is commensurate with organ metabolism and function. This is evidenced in the vascular responses of the stomach to increased acid production and in intestine during periods of enhanced nutrient absorption. Complimenting the metabolic vasoregulation is a strong myogenic response that contributes to basal vascular tone and to the responses elicited by changes in intravascular pressure. The GI circulation also contributes to a mucosal defense mechanism that protects against excessive damage to the epithelial lining following ingestion of toxins and/or noxious agents. Profound reductions in GI blood flow are evidenced in certain physiological (strenuous exercise) and pathological (hemorrhage) conditions, while some disease states (e.g., chronic portal hypertension) are associated with a hyperdynamic circulation. The sacrificial nature of GI blood flow is essential for ensuring adequate perfusion of vital organs during periods of whole body stress. The restoration of blood flow (reperfusion) to GI organs following ischemia elicits an exaggerated tissue injury response that reflects the potential of this organ system to generate reactive oxygen species and to mount an inflammatory response. Human and animal studies of inflammatory bowel disease have also revealed a contribution of the vasculature to the initiation and perpetuation of the tissue inflammation and associated injury response.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Neil Granger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Science Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lena Holm
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Kvietys
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Qu MH, Ji WS, Zhao TK, Fang CY, Mao SM, Gao ZQ. Neurophysiological mechanisms of bradykinin-evoked mucosal chloride secretion in guinea pig small intestine. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2016; 7:150-159. [PMID: 26909238 PMCID: PMC4753181 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v7.i1.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the mechanism for bradykinin (BK) to stimulate intestinal secretomotor neurons and intestinal chloride secretion.
METHODS: Muscle-stripped guinea pig ileal preparations were mounted in Ussing flux chambers for the recording of short-circuit current (Isc). Basal Isc and Isc stimulated by BK when preincubated with the BK receptors antagonist and other chemicals were recorded using the Ussing chamber system. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in the intestine was determined by enzyme immunologic assay (EIA).
RESULTS: Application of BK or B2 receptor (B2R) agonist significantly increased the baseline Isc compared to the control. B2R antagonist, tetrodotoxin and scopolamine (blockade of muscarinic receptors) significantly suppressed the increase in Isc evoked by BK. The BK-evoked Isc was suppressed by cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 or COX-2 specific inhibitor as well as nonselective COX inhibitors. Preincubation of submucosa/mucosa preparations with BK for 10 min significantly increased PGE2 production and this was abolished by the COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors. The BK-evoked Isc was suppressed by nonselective EP receptors and EP4 receptor antagonists, but selective EP1 receptor antagonist did not have a significant effect on the BK-evoked Isc. Inhibitors of PLC, PKC, calmodulin or CaMKII failed to suppress BK-induced PGE2 production.
CONCLUSION: The results suggest that BK stimulates neurogenic chloride secretion in the guinea pig ileum by activating B2R, through COX increasing PGE2 production. The post-receptor transduction cascade includes activation of PLC, PKC, CaMK, IP3 and MAPK.
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Sang H, Liu L, Wang L, Qiu Z, Li M, Yu L, Zhang H, Shi R, Yu S, Guo R, Ye R, Liu X, Zhang R. Opposite roles of bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors during cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury in experimental diabetic rats. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 43:53-65. [PMID: 26565562 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Sang
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Liumin Wang
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Zhongming Qiu
- Department of Neurology; The 117th Hospital of PLA; Xihu District Hangzhou Zhejiang Province China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Linjie Yu
- Nanjing University School of Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ruifeng Shi
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Shuhong Yu
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ruibing Guo
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Renliang Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; 305 East Zhongshan Road Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China
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Differential bradykinin B1 and B2 receptor regulation in cell death induced by hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Clin Sci (Lond) 2014; 127:405-13. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20130313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we have demonstrated that the kinin B1 receptor may participate in apoptotic cell death signalling, whereas the B2 receptor may be involved in necrotic cell death during IRI.
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16
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Pereira RL, Felizardo RJF, Cenedeze MA, Hiyane MI, Bassi EJ, Amano MT, Origassa CST, Silva RC, Aguiar CF, Carneiro SM, Pesquero JB, Araújo RC, Keller ADC, Monteiro RC, Moura IC, Pacheco-Silva A, Câmara NOS. Balance between the two kinin receptors in the progression of experimental focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis in mice. Dis Model Mech 2014; 7:701-10. [PMID: 24742784 PMCID: PMC4036477 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.014548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the most important renal diseases related to end-stage renal failure. Bradykinin has been implicated in the pathogenesis of renal inflammation, whereas the role of its receptor 2 (B2RBK; also known as BDKRB2) in FSGS has not been studied. FSGS was induced in wild-type and B2RBK-knockout mice by a single intravenous injection of Adriamycin (ADM). In order to further modulate the kinin receptors, the animals were also treated with the B2RBK antagonist HOE-140 and the B1RBK antagonist DALBK. Here, we show that the blockage of B2RBK with HOE-140 protects mice from the development of FSGS, including podocyte foot process effacement and the re-establishment of slit-diaphragm-related proteins. However, B2RBK-knockout mice were not protected from FSGS. These opposite results were due to B1RBK expression. B1RBK was upregulated after the injection of ADM and this upregulation was exacerbated in B2RBK-knockout animals. Furthermore, treatment with HOE-140 downregulated the B1RBK receptor. The blockage of B1RBK in B2RBK-knockout animals promoted FSGS regression, with a less-inflammatory phenotype. These results indicate a deleterious role of both kinin receptors in an FSGS model and suggest a possible cross-talk between them in the progression of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Luiz Pereira
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil. Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Raphael José Ferreira Felizardo
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio Cenedeze
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Meire Ioshie Hiyane
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Enio José Bassi
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Mariane Tami Amano
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Clarice Sylvia Taemi Origassa
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Correia Silva
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Translational Medicine Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-002, Brazil
| | - Cristhiane Fávero Aguiar
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Sylvia Mendes Carneiro
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brazil 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil
| | - João Bosco Pesquero
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Carvalho Araújo
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Alexandre de Castro Keller
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Renato C Monteiro
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 699, Paris 75870, France
| | - Ivan Cruz Moura
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 699, Paris 75870, France
| | - Alvaro Pacheco-Silva
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil. Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein, Renal Transplantation Unit, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo 05521-000, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil. Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
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Marketou ME, Kontaraki J, Zacharis E, Parthenakis F, Maragkoudakis S, Gavras I, Gavras H, Vardas PE. Differential gene expression of bradykinin receptors 1 and 2 in peripheral monocytes from patients with essential hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2014; 28:450-5. [PMID: 24401952 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2013.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bradykinin participates in various hypertensive processes, exerted via its type 1 and type 2 receptors (BKR1 and BKR2). The aim of the study was to investigate BKR1 and BK2R gene expression in peripheral monocytes in patients with essential hypertension compared with healthy individuals. Seventeen hypertensive patients (9 males, age 56 ± 7 years) and 12 healthy individuals (7 males, age 55 ± 6) participated. Mononuclear cells isolated using anti-CD14+ antibodies and mRNAs of BKR1 and BKR2 were estimated by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Both BKR1 and BKR2 showed significantly upregulated gene expression in the group of hypertensive patients. Specifically, BKR1 gene expression was 142.1 ± 42.2 in hypertensives versus 20.2 ± 8 in controls (P = 0.024) and BKR2 was 1222.2 ± 361.6 in hypertensives versus 259.5 ± 99.1 in controls (P = 0.038). Antihypertensive treatment resulted in a decrease in BKR1 (from 142.1 ± 42.2 to 55.2 ± 17.1, P = 0.065) and in BKR2 (from 1222.2 ± 361.6 to 256.8 ± 81.8, P = 0.014) gene expression. BKR1 and BKR2 gene expression on peripheral monocytes is upregulated in essential hypertension. This may lead to functional changes in monocytes and contribute to the development of target organ damage in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Marketou
- Cardiology Department, Heraklion University Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - J Kontaraki
- Cardiology Department, Heraklion University Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - E Zacharis
- Cardiology Department, Heraklion University Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - F Parthenakis
- Cardiology Department, Heraklion University Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - S Maragkoudakis
- Cardiology Department, Heraklion University Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - I Gavras
- Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Gavras
- Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P E Vardas
- Cardiology Department, Heraklion University Hospital, Crete, Greece
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Chao J, Bledsoe G, Chao L. Tissue kallikrein-kinin therapy in hypertension and organ damage. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2014; 69:37-57. [PMID: 25130039 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-06683-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tissue kallikrein is a serine proteinase that cleaves low molecular weight kininogen to produce kinin peptides, which in turn activate kinin receptors to trigger multiple biological functions. In addition to its kinin-releasing activity, tissue kallikrein directly interacts with the kinin B2 receptor, protease-activated receptor-1, and gamma-epithelial Na channel. The tissue kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) elicits a wide spectrum of biological activities, including reducing hypertension, cardiac and renal damage, restenosis, ischemic stroke, and skin wound injury. Both loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies have shown that the KKS plays an important endogenous role in the protection against health pathologies. Tissue kallikrein/kinin treatment attenuates cardiovascular, renal, and brain injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, hypertrophy, and fibrosis and promoting angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Approaches that augment tissue kallikrein-kinin activity might provide an effective strategy for the treatment of hypertension and associated organ damage.
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Bradykinin in health and disease: proceedings of the Bradykinin Symposium 2012, Berlin 23-24 August 2012. Inflamm Res 2013; 63:173-8. [PMID: 24316865 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-013-0693-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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C1 esterase inhibitor reduces lower extremity ischemia/reperfusion injury and associated lung damage. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72059. [PMID: 23991040 PMCID: PMC3753343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemia/reperfusion injury of lower extremities and associated lung damage may result from thrombotic occlusion, embolism, trauma, or surgical intervention with prolonged ischemia and subsequent restoration of blood flow. This clinical entity is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Deprivation of blood supply leads to molecular and structural changes in the affected tissue. Upon reperfusion inflammatory cascades are activated causing tissue injury. We therefore tested preoperative treatment for prevention of reperfusion injury by using C1 esterase inhibitor (C1 INH). Methods and Findings Wistar rats systemically pretreated with C1 INH (n = 6), APT070 (a membrane-targeted myristoylated peptidyl construct derived from human complement receptor 1, n = 4), vehicle (n = 7), or NaCl (n = 8) were subjected to 3h hind limb ischemia and 24h reperfusion. The femoral artery was clamped and a tourniquet placed under maintenance of a venous return. C1 INH treated rats showed significantly less edema in muscle (P<0.001) and lung and improved muscle viability (P<0.001) compared to controls and APT070. C1 INH prevented up-regulation of bradykinin receptor b1 (P<0.05) and VE-cadherin (P<0.01), reduced apoptosis (P<0.001) and fibrin deposition (P<0.01) and decreased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, whereas deposition of complement components was not significantly reduced in the reperfused muscle. Conclusions C1 INH reduced edema formation locally in reperfused muscle as well as in lung, and improved muscle viability. C1 INH did not primarily act via inhibition of the complement system, but via the kinin and coagulation cascade. APT070 did not show beneficial effects in this model, despite potent inhibition of complement activation. Taken together, C1 INH might be a promising therapy to reduce peripheral ischemia/reperfusion injury and distant lung damage in complex and prolonged surgical interventions requiring tourniquet application.
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Bergmann MM, Caubet JC, Defendi F, Farkas H, Drouet C, Eigenmann PA. Estrogen-independent hereditary angioedema with normal C1 inhibitor function in a 10-year-old boy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013; 111:67-9. [PMID: 23806465 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mechanisms of adhesion and subsequent actions of a haematopoietic stem cell line, HPC-7, in the injured murine intestinal microcirculation in vivo. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59150. [PMID: 23554986 PMCID: PMC3595270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) migrate to injured gut, therapeutic success clinically remains poor. This has been partially attributed to limited local HSC recruitment following systemic injection. Identifying site specific adhesive mechanisms underpinning HSC-endothelial interactions may provide important information on how to enhance their recruitment and thus potentially improve therapeutic efficacy. This study determined (i) the integrins and inflammatory cyto/chemokines governing HSC adhesion to injured gut and muscle (ii) whether pre-treating HSCs with these cyto/chemokines enhanced their adhesion and (iii) whether the degree of HSC adhesion influenced their ability to modulate leukocyte recruitment. METHODS Adhesion of HPC-7, a murine HSC line, to ischaemia-reperfused (IR) injured mouse gut or cremaster muscle was monitored intravitally. Critical adhesion molecules were identified by pre-treating HPC-7 with blocking antibodies to CD18 and CD49d. To identify cyto/chemokines capable of recruiting HPC-7, adhesion was monitored following tissue exposure to TNF-α, IL-1β or CXCL12. The effects of pre-treating HPC-7 with these cyto/chemokines on surface integrin expression/clustering, adhesion to ICAM-1/VCAM-1 and recruitment in vivo was also investigated. Endogenous leukocyte adhesion following HPC-7 injection was again determined intravitally. RESULTS IR injury increased HPC-7 adhesion in vivo, with intestinal adhesion dependent upon CD18 and muscle adhesion predominantly relying on CD49d. Only CXCL12 pre-treatment enhanced HPC-7 adhesion within injured gut, likely by increasing CD18 binding to ICAM-1 and/or CD18 surface clustering on HPC-7. Leukocyte adhesion was reduced at 4 hours post-reperfusion, but only when local HPC-7 adhesion was enhanced using CXCL12. CONCLUSION This data provides evidence that site-specific molecular mechanisms govern HPC-7 adhesion to injured tissue. Importantly, we show that HPC-7 adhesion is a modulatable event in IR injury and further demonstrate that adhesion instigated by injury alone is not sufficient for mediating anti-inflammatory effects. Enhancing local HSC presence may therefore be essential to realising their clinical potential.
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Suppression of vascular inflammation by kinin B1 receptor antagonism in a rat model of insulin resistance. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2012; 60:61-9. [PMID: 22494994 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3182576277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kinin B1 receptor (B1R) intervenes in a positive feedback loop to amplify and perpetuate the vascular oxidative stress in glucose-fed rats, a model of insulin resistance. This study aims at determining whether B1R blockade could reverse vascular inflammation in this model. METHODS/RESULTS Young male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with 10% D-glucose or tap water (controls) for 8 weeks, and during the last week, rats were administered the B1R antagonist SSR240612 (10 mg/kg/day, gavage) or the vehicle. The outcome was determined on glycemia, insulinemia, insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment index), and on protein or mRNA expression of the following target genes in the aorta (by Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction): B1R, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, macrophage CD68, macrophage/monocyte CD11b, interleukin (IL) -1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin (endothelial adhesion molecule). Data showed increased expression of all these markers in the aorta of glucose-fed rats except endothelial nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-α, which were not affected. SSR240612 reversed hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and the upregulation of B1R, inducible nitric oxide synthase, macrophage CD68, and CD11b, IL-1β, inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, and E-selectin in glucose-fed rats, yet it had no significant effect on IL-6 and in control rats. CONCLUSIONS Kinin B1R antagonism reversed the upregulation of its own receptor and several pro-inflammatory markers in the aorta of glucose-fed rats. These data provide the first evidence that B1R may contribute to the low-grade vascular inflammation in insulin resistance, an early event in the development of type-2 diabetes.
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Contribution of endogenous bradykinin to fibrinolysis, inflammation, and blood product transfusion following cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2012; 93:326-34. [PMID: 23361105 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2012.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Bradykinin increases during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and stimulates the release of nitric oxide, inflammatory cytokines, and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), acting through its B2 receptor. This study tested the hypothesis that endogenous bradykinin contributes to the fibrinolytic and inflammatory response to CPB and that bradykinin B2 receptor antagonism reduces fibrinolysis, inflammation, and subsequent transfusion requirements. Patients (N = 115) were prospectively randomized to placebo, ε-aminocaproic acid (EACA), or HOE 140, a bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist. Bradykinin B2 receptor antagonism decreased intraoperative fibrinolytic capacity as much as EACA, but only EACA decreased D-dimer formation and tended to decrease postoperative bleeding. Although EACA and HOE 140 decreased fibrinolysis and EACA attenuated blood loss, these treatments did not reduce the proportion of patients transfused. These data suggest that endogenous bradykinin contributes to t-PA generation in patients undergoing CPB, but that additional effects on plasmin generation contribute to decreased D-dimer concentrations during EACA treatment.
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Suppressive effect of low-level laser therapy on tracheal hyperresponsiveness and lung inflammation in rat subjected to intestinal ischemia and reperfusion. Lasers Med Sci 2012; 28:551-64. [PMID: 22562449 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (i-I/R) is an insult associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It is not known if pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in ARDS induced by i-I/R can be controlled by low-level laser therapy (LLLT). This study was designed to evaluate the effect of LLLT on tracheal cholinergic reactivity dysfunction and the release of inflammatory mediators from the lung after i-I/R. Anesthetized rats were subjected to superior mesenteric artery occlusion (45 min) and killed after clamp release and preestablished periods of intestinal reperfusion (30 min, 2 or 4 h). The LLLT (660 nm, 7.5 J/cm(2)) was carried out by irradiating the rats on the skin over the right upper bronchus for 15 and 30 min after initiating reperfusion and then euthanizing them 30 min, 2, or 4 h later. Lung edema was measured by the Evans blue extravasation technique, and pulmonary neutrophils were determined by myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Pulmonary tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and isoform of NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression were analyzed by real-time PCR. TNF-α, IL-10, and iNOS proteins in the lung were measured by the enzyme-linked immunoassay technique. LLLT (660 nm, 7.5 J/cm(2)) restored the tracheal hyperresponsiveness and hyporesponsiveness in all the periods after intestinal reperfusion. Although LLLT reduced edema and MPO activity, it did not do so in all the postreperfusion periods. It was also observed with the ICAM-1 expression. In addition to reducing both TNF-α and iNOS, LLLT increased IL-10 in the lungs of animals subjected to i-I/R. The results indicate that LLLT can control the lung's inflammatory response and the airway reactivity dysfunction by simultaneously reducing both TNF-α and iNOS.
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Maurer M, Bader M, Bas M, Bossi F, Cicardi M, Cugno M, Howarth P, Kaplan A, Kojda G, Leeb-Lundberg F, Lötvall J, Magerl M. New topics in bradykinin research. Allergy 2011; 66:1397-406. [PMID: 21859431 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02686.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bradykinin has been implicated to contribute to allergic inflammation and the pathogenesis of allergic conditions. It binds to endothelial B(1) and B(2) receptors and exerts potent pharmacological and physiological effects, notably, decreased blood pressure, increased vascular permeability and the promotion of classical symptoms of inflammation such as vasodilation, hyperthermia, oedema and pain. Towards potential clinical benefit, bradykinin has also been shown to exert potent antithrombogenic, antiproliferative and antifibrogenic effects. The development of pharmacologically active substances, such as bradykinin receptor blockers, opens up new therapeutic options that require further research into bradykinin. This review presents current understanding surrounding the role of bradykinin in nonallergic angioedema and other conditions seen by allergists and emergency physicians, and its potential role as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Charité- Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
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Hillmeister P, Gatzke N, Dülsner A, Bader M, Schadock I, Hoefer I, Hamann I, Infante-Duarte C, Jung G, Troidl K, Urban D, Stawowy P, Frentsch M, Li M, Nagorka S, Wang H, Shi Y, le Noble F, Buschmann I. Arteriogenesis Is Modulated By Bradykinin Receptor Signaling. Circ Res 2011; 109:524-33. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.111.240986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rationale:
Positive outward remodeling of pre-existing collateral arteries into functional conductance arteries, arteriogenesis, is a major endogenous rescue mechanism to prevent cardiovascular ischemia. Collateral arterial growth is accompanied by expression of kinin precursor. However, the role of kinin signaling via the kinin receptors (B1R and B2R) in arteriogenesis is unclear.
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the functional role and mechanism of bradykinin receptor signaling in arteriogenesis.
Methods and Results:
Bradykinin receptors positively affected arteriogenesis, with the contribution of B1R being more pronounced than B2R. In mice, arteriogenesis upon femoral artery occlusion was significantly reduced in B1R mutant mice as evidenced by reduced microspheres and laser Doppler flow perfusion measurements. Transplantation of wild-type bone marrow cells into irradiated B1R mutant mice restored arteriogenesis, whereas bone marrow chimeric mice generated by reconstituting wild-type mice with B1R mutant bone marrow showed reduced arteriogenesis after femoral artery occlusion. In the rat brain 3-vessel occlusion arteriogenesis model, pharmacological blockade of B1R inhibited arteriogenesis and stimulation of B1R enhanced arteriogenesis. In the rat, femoral artery ligation combined with arterial venous shunt model resulted in flow-driven arteriogenesis, and treatment with B1R antagonist R715 decreased vascular remodeling and leukocyte invasion (monocytes) into the perivascular tissue. In monocyte migration assays, in vitro B1R agonists enhanced migration of monocytes.
Conclusions:
Kinin receptors act as positive modulators of arteriogenesis in mice and rats. B1R can be blocked or therapeutically stimulated by B1R antagonists or agonists, respectively, involving a contribution of peripheral immune cells (monocytes) linking hemodynamic conditions with inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hillmeister
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Nora Gatzke
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - André Dülsner
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Michael Bader
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Ines Schadock
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Imo Hoefer
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Isabell Hamann
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Carmen Infante-Duarte
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Georg Jung
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Kerstin Troidl
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Daniel Urban
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Philipp Stawowy
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Marco Frentsch
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Meijing Li
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Stephanie Nagorka
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Haitao Wang
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Yu Shi
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Ferdinand le Noble
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
| | - Ivo Buschmann
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Charite and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (P.H., A.D., M.L., H.W., Y.S., F.l.N., I.B.), Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research (P.H., N.G., A.D., M.L., S.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.H., F.l.N., I.B.), Charité, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Neuroimmunology (I.H., C.I.D.), Max Delbrueck Center (M.B., I.S.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Cardiology (I.H.),
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Menezes GB, Mansur DS, McDonald B, Kubes P, Teixeira MM. Sensing sterile injury: opportunities for pharmacological control. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 132:204-14. [PMID: 21763344 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sterile injury can trigger an acute inflammatory response, which might be responsible for the pathogenesis of several diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, lung fibrosis and acute liver failure. A key event for the pathogenesis of these diseases is the recruitment of leukocytes to necrotic areas. Much is known about the mechanisms of recruitment to sites of infection. However, only now is it becoming clear how leukocytes, especially neutrophils, are recruited to areas of tissue damage and necrosis in the absence of infection. Here, we review and discuss mechanisms responsible for sensing and driving the influx of leukocytes, specifically neutrophils, into sites of sterile injury. This knowledge clearly opens new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo B Menezes
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFMG, Brazil.
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Abstract
Tissue kallikrein cleaves kininogens to release kinins. Kinins mediate inflammation by activating constitutive bradykinin receptor-2 (BR2), which are rapidly desensitized, and induced by inflammatory cytokines bradykinin receptor-1 (BR1), resistant to desensitization. Intestinal tissue kallikrein (ITK) may hydrolyze growth factors and peptides, whereas kinins are responsible for capillary permeability, pain, synthesis of cytokines, and adhesion molecule-neutrophil cascade. Our and others results have demonstrated ITK in intestinal goblet cells and its release into interstitial space during inflammation. Kallistatin, an inhibitor of ITK, has been shown in epithelial and goblet cells, and was decreased in inflamed intestine as well as in plasma compared with noninflammatory controls. BR1 was upregulated in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and it has expressed in an apical part of enterocytes in inflamed intestine, but in the basal part in normal intestine. ITK and BR1 were visualized in macrophages forming granuloma in Crohn's disease. In animal studies BR2 blockade decreased intestinal contraction, but had limited effect on inflammatory lesions. BR1 was found to be upregulated in animal inflamed intestine, in part dependent on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). A selective BR1 receptor antagonist decreased morphological and biochemical features of experimental intestinal inflammation. Both BR1 and BR2 mediate epithelial ion transport that leads to secretory diarrhea. The upregulation of BR1 in inflamed intestine provides a structural basis for the kinins function, suggesting that a selective BR1 antagonist may have potential in therapeutic trial of IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Stadnicki
- Department of Basis Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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30
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Blockade of the kinin receptor B1 protects from autoimmune CNS disease by reducing leukocyte trafficking. J Autoimmun 2011; 36:106-14. [PMID: 21216565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and transendothelial trafficking of immune cells into the central nervous system (CNS) are pathophysiological hallmarks of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE). Kinins are proinflammatory peptides which are released during tissue injury including EAE. They increase vascular permeability and enhance inflammation by acting on distinct bradykinin receptors, B1R and B2R. We studied the expression of B1R and B2R and the effect of their inhibition on the disease course, BBB integrity and T cell migration following myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG(35-55))-induced EAE. B1R, but not B2R expression was markedly enhanced in inflammatory CNS lesions in mice and humans. Brain endothelial cells could be identified as major source of B1R protein. The severity of EAE was significantly alleviated in B1R(-/-) mice compared with wild-type (WT) controls (P<0.05). Treatment of WT mice with the B1R antagonist R715 before and after disease onset was equally effective (P<0.05) while B1R activation by R838 promoted EAE (P<0.05). B1R inhibition was accompanied by a remarkable reduction of BBB disruption and tissue inflammation. In vitro analyses revealed that B1R suppression reverses the upregulation of ICAM-I and VCAM-I at the inflamed BBB thereby limiting T cell transmigration. In contrast, blocking B2R had no significant impact on EAE. We conclude that B1R inhibition can reduce BBB damage and cell invasion during autoimmune CNS disease and may offer a novel anti-inflammatory strategy for the treatment of MS.
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31
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Bodmer-Narkevitch V, Anthony NJ, Cofre V, Jolly SM, Murphy KL, Ransom RW, Reiss DR, Tang C, Prueksaritanont T, Pettibone DJ, Bock MG, Kuduk SD. Indazole derivatives as novel bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:7011-4. [PMID: 20971001 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A new class of indazole-derived bradykinin B(1) antagonists and their structure-activity relationships (SAR) is reported. A number of compounds were found to have low-nanomolar affinity for the human B(1) receptor and possess acceptable P-gp and pharmacokinetics properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Bodmer-Narkevitch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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Raslan F, Schwarz T, Meuth SG, Austinat M, Bader M, Renné T, Roosen K, Stoll G, Sirén AL, Kleinschnitz C. Inhibition of bradykinin receptor B1 protects mice from focal brain injury by reducing blood-brain barrier leakage and inflammation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2010; 30:1477-86. [PMID: 20197781 PMCID: PMC2949241 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2010.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Kinins are proinflammatory and vasoactive peptides that are released during tissue damage and may contribute to neuronal degeneration, inflammation, and edema formation after brain injury by acting on discrete bradykinin receptors, B1R and B2R. We studied the expression of B1R and B2R and the effect of their inhibition on lesion size, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and inflammatory processes after a focal cryolesion of the right parietal cortex in mice. B1R and B2R gene transcripts were significantly induced in the lesioned hemispheres of wild-type mice (P<0.05). The volume of the cortical lesions and neuronal damage at 24 h after injury in B1R(-/-) mice were significantly smaller than in wild-type controls (2.5+/-2.6 versus 11.5+/-3.9 mm(3), P<0.001). Treatment with the B1R antagonist R-715 1 h after lesion induction likewise reduced lesion volume in wild-type mice (2.6+/-1.4 versus 12.2+/-6.1 mm(3), P<0.001). This was accompanied by a remarkable reduction of BBB disruption and tissue inflammation. In contrast, genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of B2R had no significant impact on lesion formation or the development of brain edema. We conclude that B1R inhibition may offer a novel therapeutic strategy after acute brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furat Raslan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Klein J, Gonzalez J, Decramer S, Bandin F, Neau E, Salant DJ, Heeringa P, Pesquero JB, Schanstra JP, Bascands JL. Blockade of the kinin B1 receptor ameloriates glomerulonephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 21:1157-64. [PMID: 20448019 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2009090887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe inflammation characterizes rapidly progressive glomerulonephritides, and expression of the kinin B1 receptor (B1R) associates with inflammation. Delayed B1R blockade reduces renal inflammation in a model of unilateral ureteral obstruction, but whether B1R modulates the pathophysiology of glomerulonephritides is unknown. Here, we observed an association of B1R protein expression and inflammation, in both glomeruli and the renal interstitium, in biopsies of patients with glomerulonephritides, Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephropathy, and ANCA-associated vasculitis. In the nephrotoxic serum-induced glomerulonephritis model, we observed upregulation of the B1R receptor; treatment with a B1R antagonist beginning 2 weeks after the onset of disease reduced both glomerular and tubular lesions and improved renal function. B1R blockade reduced renal chemokine expression and macrophage accumulation. Collectively, our data demonstrate that blockade of the kinin B1R has significant potential for the treatment of glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Klein
- INSERM, U858/I2MR, Department of Renal and Cardiac Remodeling, Team 5, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Kouyoumdjian M, Nagaoka MR, Loureiro-Silva MR, Borges DR. Portal hypertensive response to kinin. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2010; 81:431-42. [PMID: 19722013 DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652009000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Portal hypertension is the most common complication of chronic liver diseases, such as cirrhosis. The increased intrahepatic vascular resistance seen in hepatic disease is due to changes in cellular architecture and active contraction of stellate cells. In this article, we review the historical aspects of the kallikrein-kinin system, the role of bradykinin in the development of disease, and our main findings regarding the role of this nonapeptide in normal and experimental models of hepatic injury using the isolated rat liver perfusion model (mono and bivascular) and isolated liver cells. We demonstrated that: 1) the increase in intrahepatic vascular resistance induced by bradykinin is mediated by B2 receptors, involving sinusoidal endothelial and stellate cells, and is preserved in the presence of inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis; 2) the hepatic arterial hypertensive response to bradykinin is calcium-independent and mediated by eicosanoids; 3) bradykinin does not have vasodilating effect on the pre-constricted perfused rat liver; and, 4) after exertion of its hypertensive effect, bradykinin is degraded by angiotensin converting enzyme. In conclusion, the hypertensive response to BK is mediated by the B2 receptor in normal and pathological situations. The B1 receptor is expressed more strongly in regenerating and cirrhotic livers, and its role is currently under investigation.
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Campanholle G, Landgraf RG, Borducchi E, Semedo P, Wang PHM, Amano MT, Russo M, Pacheco-Silva A, Jancar S, Camara NOS. Bradykinin inducible receptor is essential to lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 634:132-7. [PMID: 20153312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2009] [Revised: 01/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides from gram-negative bacteria are amongst the most common causative agents of acute lung injury, which is characterized by an inflammatory response, with cellular infiltration and the release of mediators/cytokines. There is evidence that bradykinin plays a role in lung inflammation in asthma but in other types of lung inflammation its role is less clear. In the present study we evaluated the role of the bradykinin B1 receptor in acute lung injury caused by lipopolysaccharide inhalation and the mechanisms behind bradykinin actions participating in the inflammatory response. We found that in C57Bl/6 mice, the bradykinin B1 receptor expression was up-regulated 24h after lipopolysaccharide inhalation. At this time, the number of cells and protein concentration were significantly increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the mice developed airway hyperreactivity to methacholine. In addition, there was an increased expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta and interferon-gamma and chemokines (monocytes chemotactic protein-1 and KC) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and in the lung tissue. We then treated the mice with a bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist, R-954 (Ac-Orn-[Oic2, alpha-MePhe5, D-betaNal7, Ile8]desArg9-bradykinin), 30 min after lipopolysaccharide administration. We observed that this treatment prevented the airway hyperreactivity as well as the increased cellular infiltration and protein content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Moreover, R-954 inhibited the expression of cytokines/chemokines. These results implicate bradykinin, acting through B1 receptor, in the development of acute lung injury caused by lipopolysaccharide inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Campanholle
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, ICB IV, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Österreicher CH, Taura K, De Minicis S, Seki E, Penz-Österreicher M, Kodama Y, Kluwe J, Schuster M, Oudit GY, Penninger JM, Brenner DA. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2 inhibits liver fibrosis in mice. Hepatology 2009; 50:929-38. [PMID: 19650157 PMCID: PMC4734904 DOI: 10.1002/hep.23104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a major role in liver fibrosis. Recently, a homolog of angiotensin-converting-enzyme 1 (ACE1), termed ACE2, has been identified that appears to be a negative regulator of the RAS by degrading Ang II to Ang(1-7). The aim of this study was to characterize the long-term effects of gene deletion of ACE2 in the liver, to define the role of ACE2 in acute and chronic liver disease, and to characterize the role of Ang(1-7) in hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Ace2 knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (wt) littermates underwent different models of acute and chronic liver injury. Liver pathology was analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry, alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) immunoblotting, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Murine HSCs were isolated by collagenase-pronase-perfusion, and density gradient centrifugation. One-year-old ace2 KO mice spontaneously developed an inflammatory cell infiltration and mild hepatic fibrosis that was prevented by treatment with irbesartan. Ace2 KO mice showed increased liver fibrosis following bile duct ligation for 21 days or chronic carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) treatment. In contrast, ace2 KO mice subjected to acute liver injury models did not differ from wt littermates. Treatment with recombinant ACE2 attenuated experimental fibrosis in the course of cholestatic and toxic liver injury. HSCs express the Ang(1-7) receptor Mas and Ang(1-7) inhibited Ang II-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 in cultured HSCs. CONCLUSION ACE2 is a key negative regulator of the RAS and functions to limit fibrosis through the degradation of Ang II and the formation of Ang(1-7). Whereas loss of ACE2 activity worsens liver fibrosis in chronic liver injury models, administration of recombinant ACE2 shows therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kojiro Taura
- University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | | | - Ekihiro Seki
- University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | | | - Yuzo Kodama
- University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | - Johannes Kluwe
- Columbia University, Department of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Gavin Y. Oudit
- University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Josef M. Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - David A. Brenner
- University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, CA
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Su J, Cui M, Tang Y, Zhou H, Liu L, Dong Q. Blockade of bradykinin B2 receptor more effectively reduces postischemic blood-brain barrier disruption and cytokines release than B1 receptor inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 388:205-11. [PMID: 19647718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.07.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier disruption and brain edema are detrimental in ischemic stroke. The kallikrein-kinin system appears to play an important role in the regulation of vascular permeability and is invoked in edema formation. The effects of kinins are mediated by bradykinin receptors B1R and B2R. However, little is known about the exact roles of bradykinin receptors in the early stage of cerebral ischemia. In this study, we demonstrated that ischemia upregulated the level of B1R and B2R at 24h after reperfusion by immunofluorescence assays, mainly expressed in astrocytes and neurons, respectively, in the ischemic penumbra. Moreover, B2R inhibition more effectively reduced neurological severity scores, blood-brain barrier permeability and cytokines release than B1R inhibition did. Additionally, B2R inhibition also significantly suppressed B1R protein level. Therefore, blockade of B2R may be a more effective strategy for the treatment of ischemic brain injury than B1R inhibition within 24h after reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Su
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, People's Republic of China
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38
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Bryant J, Shariat-Madar Z. Human plasma kallikrein-kinin system: physiological and biochemical parameters. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2009; 7:234-50. [PMID: 19689262 PMCID: PMC4905712 DOI: 10.2174/187152509789105444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The plasma kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) plays a critical role in human physiology. The KKS encompasses coagulation factor XII (FXII), the complex of prekallikrein (PK) and high molecular weight kininogen (HK). The conversion of plasma prekallikrein to kallikrein by the activated FXII and in response to numerous different stimuli leads to the generation of bradykinin (BK) and activated HK (HKa, an antiangiogenic peptide). BK is a proinflammatory peptide, a pain mediator and potent vasodilator, leading to robust accumulation of fluid in the interstitium. Systemic production of BK, HKa with the interplay between BK bound-BK receptors and the soluble form of HKa are key to angiogenesis and hemodynamics. KKS has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammation, hypertension, endotoxemia, and coagulopathy. In all these cases increased BK levels is the hallmark. In some cases, the persistent production of BK due to the deficiency of the blood protein C1-inhibitor, which controls FXII, is detrimental to the survival of the patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE). In others, the inability of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) to degrade BK leads to elevated BK levels and edema in patients on ACE inhibitors. Thus, the mechanisms that interfere with BK liberation or degradation would lead to blood pressure dysfunction. In contrast, anti-kallikrein treatment could have adverse effects in hemodynamic changes induced by vasoconstrictor agents. Genetic models of kallikrein deficiency are needed to evaluate the quantitative role of kallikrein and to validate whether strategies designed to activate or inhibit kallikrein may be important for regulating whole-body BK sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.W. Bryant
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, CVMED Exploratory, Groton, CT 06340
| | - z Shariat-Madar
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677-1848
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Côté J, Savard M, Bovenzi V, Bélanger S, Morin J, Neugebauer W, Larouche A, Dubuc C, Gobeil F. Novel kinin B1 receptor agonists with improved pharmacological profiles. Peptides 2009; 30:788-95. [PMID: 19150636 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There is some evidence to suggest that inducible kinin B1 receptors (B1R) may play beneficial and protecting roles in cardiovascular-related pathologies such as hypertension, diabetes, and ischemic organ diseases. Peptide B1R agonists bearing optimized pharmacological features (high potency, selectivity and stability toward proteolysis) hold promise as valuable therapeutic agents in the treatment of these diseases. In the present study, we used solid-phase methodology to synthesize a series of novel peptide analogues based on the sequence of Sar[dPhe(8)]desArg(9)-bradykinin, a relatively stable peptide agonist with moderate affinity for the human B1R. We evaluated the pharmacological properties of these peptides using (1) in vitro competitive binding experiments on recombinant human B1R and B2R (for index of selectivity determination) in transiently transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK-293T cells), (2) ex vivo vasomotor assays on isolated human umbilical veins expressing endogenous human B1R, and (3) in vivo blood pressure tests using anesthetized lipopolysaccharide-immunostimulated rabbits. Key chemical modifications at the N-terminus, the positions 3 and 5 on Sar[dPhe(8)]desArg(9)-bradykinin led to potent analogues. For example, peptides 18 (SarLys[Hyp(3),Cha(5), dPhe(8)]desArg(9)-bradykinin) and 20 (SarLys[Hyp(3),Igl(5), dPhe(8)]desArg(9)-bradykinin) outperformed the parental molecule in terms of affinity, functional potency and duration of action in vitro and in vivo. These selective agonists should be valuable in future animal and human studies to investigate the potential benefits of B1R activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Côté
- Department of Pharmacology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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40
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Austinat M, Braeuninger S, Pesquero JB, Brede M, Bader M, Stoll G, Renné T, Kleinschnitz C. Blockade of Bradykinin Receptor B1 but Not Bradykinin Receptor B2 Provides Protection From Cerebral Infarction and Brain Edema. Stroke 2009; 40:285-93. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.108.526673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Austinat
- From Department of Neurology (M.A., S.B., G.S., C.K.), Department of Anesthesiology (M.Brede), and Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry (T.R.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Departamento de Biofisica (J.B.P.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (M.Bader), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Stefan Braeuninger
- From Department of Neurology (M.A., S.B., G.S., C.K.), Department of Anesthesiology (M.Brede), and Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry (T.R.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Departamento de Biofisica (J.B.P.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (M.Bader), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - João B. Pesquero
- From Department of Neurology (M.A., S.B., G.S., C.K.), Department of Anesthesiology (M.Brede), and Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry (T.R.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Departamento de Biofisica (J.B.P.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (M.Bader), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Marc Brede
- From Department of Neurology (M.A., S.B., G.S., C.K.), Department of Anesthesiology (M.Brede), and Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry (T.R.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Departamento de Biofisica (J.B.P.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (M.Bader), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- From Department of Neurology (M.A., S.B., G.S., C.K.), Department of Anesthesiology (M.Brede), and Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry (T.R.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Departamento de Biofisica (J.B.P.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (M.Bader), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Guido Stoll
- From Department of Neurology (M.A., S.B., G.S., C.K.), Department of Anesthesiology (M.Brede), and Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry (T.R.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Departamento de Biofisica (J.B.P.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (M.Bader), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Thomas Renné
- From Department of Neurology (M.A., S.B., G.S., C.K.), Department of Anesthesiology (M.Brede), and Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry (T.R.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Departamento de Biofisica (J.B.P.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (M.Bader), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- From Department of Neurology (M.A., S.B., G.S., C.K.), Department of Anesthesiology (M.Brede), and Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry (T.R.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Departamento de Biofisica (J.B.P.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (M.Bader), Berlin-Buch, Germany
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41
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Tang M, Cui M, Dong Q, Ren HM, Xiao BG, Luo BY, Shao Y, Liu L, Zhou HG. The bradykinin B2 receptor mediates hypoxia/reoxygenation induced neuronal cell apoptosis through the ERK1/2 pathway. Neurosci Lett 2009; 450:40-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.10.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2008] [Revised: 10/19/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dos Santos AC, Roffê E, Arantes RME, Juliano L, Pesquero JL, Pesquero JB, Bader M, Teixeira MM, Carvalho-Tavares J. Kinin B2 receptor regulates chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 expression and modulates leukocyte recruitment and pathology in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2008; 5:49. [PMID: 18986535 PMCID: PMC2596102 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-5-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 11/05/2008] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Kinins are important mediators of inflammation and act through stimulation of two receptor subtypes, B1 and B2. Leukocyte infiltration contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS), occurring not only in multiple sclerosis (MS) but also in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We have previously shown that the chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 play an important role in the adhesion of leukocytes to the brain microcirculation in EAE. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relevance of B2 receptors to leukocyte-endothelium interactions in the cerebral microcirculation, and its participation in CNS inflammation in the experimental model of myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG)35–55-induced EAE in mice. Methods In order to evaluate the role of B2 receptor in the cerebral microvasculature we used wild-type (WT) and kinin B2 receptor knockout (B2-/-) mice subjected to MOG35–55-induced EAE. Intravital microscopy was used to investigate leukocyte recruitment on pial matter vessels in B2-/- and WT EAE mice. Histological documentation of inflammatory infiltrates in brain and spinal cords was correlated with intravital findings. The expression of CCL5 and CCL2 in cerebral tissue was assessed by ELISA. Results Clinical parameters of disease were reduced in B2-/- mice in comparison to wild type EAE mice. At day 14 after EAE induction, there was a significant decrease in the number of adherent leukocytes, a reduction of cerebral CCL5 and CCL2 expressions, and smaller inflammatory and degenerative changes in B2-/- mice when compared to WT. Conclusion Our results suggest that B2 receptors have two major effects in the control of EAE severity: (i) B2 regulates the expression of chemokines, including CCL2 and CCL5, and (ii) B2 modulates leukocyte recruitment and inflammatory lesions in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana C Dos Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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43
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Lu F, Chauhan AK, Fernandes SM, Walsh MT, Wagner DD, Davis AE. The effect of C1 inhibitor on intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 295:G1042-9. [PMID: 18787060 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.90460.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Complement activation and neutrophil stimulation are two major components in events leading to ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. C1 inhibitor (C1INH) inhibits activation of each of the three pathways of complement activation and of the contact system. It is also endowed with anti-inflammatory properties that are independent of protease inhibition. The goal of these studies was to investigate the role and mechanism of C1INH in alleviating IR-induced intestinal injury. C57BL/6, C1INH-deficient (C1INH(-/-)), bradykinin type 2 receptor-deficient (Bk2R(-/-)), and C3-deficient mice (C3(-/-)) were randomized into three groups: sham operated control, IR, and IR + C1INH-treated groups. Ischemia was generated by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery followed by reperfusion. C1INH or reactive center-cleaved inactive C1INH (iC1INH) was injected intravenously before reperfusion. IR resulted in intestinal injury in C57BL/6, C1INH(-/-), Bk2R(-/-), and C3(-/-) mice with significantly increased neutrophil infiltration into intestinal tissue. In each mouse strain, C1INH treatment reduced intestinal tissue injury and attenuated leukocyte infiltration compared with the untreated IR group. C1INH inhibited leukocyte rolling in the mesenteric veins of both C57BL/6 and C3-deficient mice subjected to IR. C1INH treatment also improved the survival rate of C57BL/6 and C1INH(-/-) mice following IR. Similar findings were observed in the IR animals treated with iC1INH. These studies emphasize the therapeutic benefit of C1INH in preventing intestinal injury caused by IR. In addition to the protective activities mediated via inhibition of the complement system, these studies indicate that C1INH also plays a direct role in suppression of leukocyte transmigration into reperfused tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxin Lu
- Immune Disease Inst., Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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44
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Klein J, Gonzalez J, Duchene J, Esposito L, Pradère JP, Neau E, Delage C, Calise D, Ahluwalia A, Carayon P, Pesquero JB, Bader M, Schanstra JP, Bascands JL. Delayed blockade of the kinin B1 receptor reduces renal inflammation and fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy. FASEB J 2008; 23:134-42. [PMID: 18809736 DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-115600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the common histological feature of advanced glomerular and tubulointerstitial disease leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, specific antifibrotic therapies to slow down the evolution to ESRD are still absent. Because persistent inflammation is a key event in the development of fibrosis, we hypothesized that the proinflammatory kinin B1 receptor (B1R) could be such a new target. Here we show that, in the unilateral ureteral obstruction model of renal fibrosis, the B1R is overexpressed and that delayed treatment with an orally active nonpeptide B1R antagonist blocks macrophage infiltration, leading to a reversal of the level of renal fibrosis. In vivo bone marrow transplantation studies as well as in vitro studies on renal cells show that part of this antifibrotic mechanism of B1R blockade involves a direct effect on resident renal cells by inhibiting chemokine CCL2 and CCL7 expression. These findings suggest that blocking the B1R is a promising antifibrotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Klein
- INSERM, Department of Renal and Cardiac Remodeling-Team 5, 1 av Jean-Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France
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45
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Wang PHM, Campanholle G, Cenedeze MA, Feitoza CQ, Gonçalves GM, Landgraf RG, Jancar S, Pesquero JB, Pacheco-Silva A, Câmara NOS. Bradykinin [corrected] B1 receptor antagonism is beneficial in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3050. [PMID: 18725957 PMCID: PMC2516176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously we have demonstrated that bradykinin B1 receptor deficient mice (B1KO) were protected against renal ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI). Here, we aimed to analyze the effect of B1 antagonism on renal IRI and to study whether B1R knockout or antagonism could modulate the renal expression of pro and anti-inflammatory molecules. To this end, mice were subjected to 45 minutes ischemia and reperfused at 4, 24, 48 and 120 hours. Wild-type mice were treated intra-peritoneally with antagonists of either B1 (R-954, 200 µg/kg) or B2 receptor (HOE140, 200 µg/kg) 30 minutes prior to ischemia. Blood samples were collected to ascertain serum creatinine level, and kidneys were harvested for gene transcript analyses by real-time PCR. Herein, B1R antagonism (R-954) was able to decrease serum creatinine levels, whereas B2R antagonism had no effect. The protection seen under B1R deletion or antagonism was associated with an increased expression of GATA-3, IL-4 and IL-10 and a decreased T-bet and IL-1β transcription. Moreover, treatment with R-954 resulted in lower MCP-1, and higher HO-1 expression. Our results demonstrated that bradykinin B1R antagonism is beneficial in renal IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamella H. M. Wang
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Gabriela Campanholle
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia de Transplantes, Department of Immunology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos A. Cenedeze
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Q. Feitoza
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giselle M. Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Richardt G. Landgraf
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Department of Immunology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sonia Jancar
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Department of Immunology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João B. Pesquero
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Pacheco-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels O. S. Câmara
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia de Transplantes, Department of Immunology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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46
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Yin H, Chao L, Chao J. Nitric oxide mediates cardiac protection of tissue kallikrein by reducing inflammation and ventricular remodeling after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Life Sci 2008; 82:156-65. [PMID: 18068196 PMCID: PMC2254532 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Revised: 10/11/2007] [Accepted: 10/25/2007] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the role of nitric oxide (NO) and the kinin B2 receptor in mediating tissue kallikrein's actions in intramyocardial inflammation and cardiac remodeling after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Adenovirus carrying the human tissue kallikrein gene was delivered locally into rat hearts 4 days prior to 30-minute ischemia followed by 24-hour or 7-day reperfusion with or without administration of icatibant, a kinin B2 receptor antagonist, or N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Kallikrein gene delivery improved cardiac contractility and diastolic function, reduced infarct size at 1 day after I/R without affecting mean arterial pressure. Kallikrein treatment reduced macrophage/monocyte and neutrophil accumulation in the infarcted myocardium in association with reduced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 levels. Kallikrein increased cardiac endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation and NO levels and decreased superoxide formation, TGF-beta1 levels and Smad2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, kallikrein reduced I/R-induced JNK, p38MAPK, IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation and nuclear NF-kappaB activation. In addition, kallikrein improved cardiac performance, reduced infarct size and prevented ventricular wall thinning at 7 days after I/R. The effects of kallikrein on cardiac function, inflammation and signaling mediators were all blocked by icatibant and L-NAME. These results indicate that tissue kallikrein through kinin B2 receptor and NO formation improves cardiac function, prevents inflammation and limits left ventricular remodeling after myocardial I/R by suppression of oxidative stress, TGF-beta1/Smad2 and JNK/p38MAPK signaling pathways and NF-kappaB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425-2211, USA
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47
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Medeiros JVR, Gadelha GG, Lima SJ, Garcia JA, Soares PMG, Santos AA, Brito GAC, Ribeiro RA, Souza MHLP. Role of the NO/cGMP/K(ATP) pathway in the protective effects of sildenafil against ethanol-induced gastric damage in rats. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 153:721-7. [PMID: 18071300 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sildenafil is a selective inhibitor of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase. Sildenafil, acting via NO-dependent mechanisms, prevents indomethacin-induced gastropathy. Activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K(ATP)) is involved in gastric defence. Our objective was to evaluate the role of the NO/cGMP/K(ATP) pathway in the protective effects of sildenafil against ethanol-induced gastric damage. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rats were treated with L-NAME (1 or 3 mg kg(-1), i.p.) or with L-arginine (200 mg kg(-1), i.p.) + L-NAME (3 mg kg(-1), i.p.), the guanylate cyclase inhibitor, ODQ (10 mg kg(-1), i.p.), glibenclamide (0.1, 0.3, 1 or 3 mg kg(-1), i.p.) or with glibenclamide (1 mg kg(-1), i.p.) + diazoxide (3 mg kg(-1), i.p.). After thirty minutes, the rats received sildenafil (1 mg kg(-1), by gavage), followed by intragastric instillation of absolute ethanol (4 ml kg(-1)) to induce gastric damage. One hour later, gastric damage (haemorrhagic or ulcerative lesions) was measured with a planimetry programme. Samples of stomach were also taken for histopathological assessment and for assays of tissue glutathione and haemoglobin. KEY RESULTS Sildenafil significantly reduced ethanol-induced gastric damage in rats. L-NAME alone, without L-arginine, significantly reversed the protection afforded by sildenafil. Inhibition of guanylate cyclase by ODQ completely abolished the gastric protective effect of sildenafil against ethanol-induced gastric damage. Glibenclamide alone reversed sildenafil's gastric protective effect. However, glibenclamide plus diazoxide did not alter the effects of sildenafil. CONCLUSIONS Sildenafil had a protective effect against ethanol-induced gastric damage through the activation of the NO/cGMP/K(ATP) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V R Medeiros
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
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48
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Duchene J, Lecomte F, Ahmed S, Cayla C, Pesquero J, Bader M, Perretti M, Ahluwalia A. A novel inflammatory pathway involved in leukocyte recruitment: role for the kinin B1 receptor and the chemokine CXCL5. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 179:4849-56. [PMID: 17878384 PMCID: PMC3696729 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.7.4849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The kinin B1 receptor is an inducible receptor not normally expressed but induced by inflammatory stimuli and plays a major role in neutrophil recruitment, particularly in response to the cytokine IL-1beta. However, the exact mechanism involved in this response is unclear. The aim of this study was to dissect the molecular mechanism involved, in particular to determine whether specific ELR-CXCL chemokines (specific neutrophil chemoattractants) played a role. Using intravital microscopy, we demonstrated that IL-1beta-induced leukocyte rolling, adherence, and emigration in mesenteric venules of wild-type (WT) mice, associated with an increase in B1 receptor mRNA expression, were substantially attenuated (>80%) in B1 receptor knockout mice (B1KO). This effect in B1KO mice was correlated with a selective down-regulation of IL-1beta-induced CXCL5 mRNA and protein expression compared with WT mice. Furthermore a selective neutralizing CXCL5 Ab caused profound suppression of leukocyte emigration in IL-1beta-treated WT mice. Finally, treatment of human endothelial cells with IL-1beta enhanced mRNA expression of the B1 receptor and the human (h) CXCL5 homologues (hCXCL5 and hCXCL6). This response was suppressed by approximately 50% when cells were pretreated with the B1 receptor antagonist des-Arg9-[Leu8]-bradykinin while treatment with des-Arg9-bradykinin, the B1 receptor agonist, caused a concentration-dependent increase in hCXCL5 and hCXCL6 mRNA expression. This study unveils a proinflammatory pathway centered on kinin B1 receptor activation of CXCL5 leading to leukocyte trafficking and highlights the B1 receptor as a potential target in the therapeutics of inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Duchene
- William Harvey Research Institute, St Barts and The London Medical School, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Florence Lecomte
- William Harvey Research Institute, St Barts and The London Medical School, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Saleh Ahmed
- William Harvey Research Institute, St Barts and The London Medical School, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Cecile Cayla
- William Harvey Research Institute, St Barts and The London Medical School, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Joao Pesquero
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Mauro Perretti
- William Harvey Research Institute, St Barts and The London Medical School, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Amrita Ahluwalia
- William Harvey Research Institute, St Barts and The London Medical School, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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49
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Yin H, Chao J, Bader M, Chao L. Differential role of kinin B1 and B2 receptors in ischemia-induced apoptosis and ventricular remodeling. Peptides 2007; 28:1383-9. [PMID: 17644219 PMCID: PMC2067250 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Revised: 05/15/2007] [Accepted: 05/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the role of kinin receptors in cardiac remodeling after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Bradykinin injection improved cardiac contractility, diastolic function, reduced infarct size and prevented left ventricular thinning after I/R, whereas des-Arg(9)-BK injection had no protective effects. Bradykinin, but not des-Arg(9)-BK, reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and increased Akt and GSK-3beta phosphorylation. Furthermore, myocardial infarct size was similar between wild type and B2 knockout mice after I/R, but significantly reduced in kinin B1 receptor knockout mice. These results indicate that the kinin B2 receptor, but not the B1 receptor, protects against I/R-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting apoptosis and limiting ventricular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425-2211, USA
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50
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Souza DG, Ferreira FL, Fagundes CT, Amaral FA, Vieira AT, Lisboa RA, Andrade MVM, Trifilieff A, Teixeira MM. Effects of PKF242-484 and PKF241-466, novel dual inhibitors of TNF-alpha converting enzyme and matrix metalloproteinases, in a model of intestinal reperfusion injury in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 571:72-80. [PMID: 17619015 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2006] [Revised: 05/21/2007] [Accepted: 05/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha plays an important role in the mediation of reperfusion-induced tissue injury and lethality. Here, we assessed the effects of PKF242-484 and PKF241-466, two dual inhibitors of TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), in a model of ischemia and reperfusion injury in mice. Reperfused animals that received PKF242-484 or PKF241-466 treatment had a dose-dependent reduction of TNF-alpha concentrations in serum. Both drugs delayed and partially inhibited the reperfusion-associated lethality. Maximal inhibition occurred at 10 mg/kg. At this dose, both inhibitors reduced reperfusion-associated local and remote tissue injury, as assessed by changes in vascular permeability, neutrophil recruitment and hemorrhage. In addition, the compounds markedly reduced production of TNF-alpha, CXCL1 (keratinocyte-derived chemokine, KC) and CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1) in intestine and lungs of animals which underwent reperfusion. FN-439, an inhibitor of MMPs which possesses no effect on TACE, decreased MMP-2 and MMP-3 activity, but failed to affect tissue injury, TNF-alpha production or lethality. Thus, combined TACE and MMP inhibitors might be effective co-adjuvants in treatments of injuries that follow reperfusion of an ischemic vascular territory. The effects of these drugs on TNF-alpha production appear to be more relevant than their effects on MMP inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle G Souza
- Immunopharmacology, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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