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Moraes MM, Mendes TT, Borges L, Marques AL, Núñez-Espinosa C, Gonçalves DAP, Simões CB, Vieira TS, Ladeira RVP, Lourenço TGB, Ribeiro DV, Hatanaka E, Heller D, Arantes RME. A 7-Week Summer Camp in Antarctica Induces Fluctuations on Human Oral Microbiome, Pro-Inflammatory Markers and Metabolic Hormones Profile. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020339. [PMID: 36838304 PMCID: PMC9960157 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Antarctic camps pose psychophysiological challenges related to isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) conditions, including meals composed of sealed food. ICE conditions can influence the microbiome and inflammatory responses. Seven expeditioners took part in a 7-week Antarctic summer camp (Nelson Island) and were evaluated at Pre-Camp (i.e., at the beginning of the ship travel), Camp-Initial (i.e., 4th and 5th day in camp), Camp-Middle (i.e., 19th-20th, and 33rd-34th days), Camp-Final (i.e., 45th-46th day), and at the Post-Camp (on the ship). At the Pre-Camp, Camp-Initial, and Camp-Final, we assessed microbiome and inflammatory markers. Catecholamines were accessed Pre- and Post-Camp. Heart rate variability (HRV), leptin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroxine (T4) were accessed at all time points. Students' t-tests or repeated-measures analysis of variance (one or two-way ANOVA) followed by Student-Newman-Keuls (post hoc) were used for parametric analysis. Kruskal-Wallis test was applied for non-parametric analysis. Microbiome analysis showed a predominance of Pseudomonadota (34.01%), Bacillota (29.82%), and Bacteroidota (18.54%), followed by Actinomycetota (5.85%), and Fusobacteria (5.74%). Staying in a long-term Antarctic camp resulted in microbiome fluctuations with a reduction in Pseudomonadota-a "microbial signature" of disease. However, the pro-inflammatory marker leptin and IL-8 tended to increase, and the angiogenic factor VEGF was reduced during camp. These results suggest that distinct Antarctic natural environments and behavioral factors modulate oral microbiome and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele M. Moraes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
- Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, NUPAD-FM/UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago T. Mendes
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil
| | - Leandro Borges
- Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo 01506-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Alice L. Marques
- Post-Graduation Program in Social Sciences in Development, Culture and Society of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile
- Austral Integrative Neurophysiology Group, Centro Asistencial Docente y de Investigación, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile
| | - Dawit A. P. Gonçalves
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
- Sports Training Center, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Carolina B. Simões
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
- Sports Training Center, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Tales S. Vieira
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto V. P. Ladeira
- Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, NUPAD-FM/UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Talita G. B. Lourenço
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Danielle V. Ribeiro
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, SP, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Studies in Dentistry, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo 430-0926, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine Hatanaka
- Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo 01506-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Debora Heller
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, SP, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Studies in Dentistry, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo 430-0926, SP, Brazil
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Rosa M. E. Arantes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
- Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, NUPAD-FM/UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(31)-999037400
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Alvarado C, Castillo-Aguilar M, Villegas V, Estrada Goic C, Harris K, Barria P, Moraes MM, Mendes TT, Arantes RME, Valdés-Badilla P, Núñez-Espinosa C. Physical Activity, Seasonal Sensitivity and Psychological Well-Being of People of Different Age Groups Living in Extreme Environments. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1719. [PMID: 36767088 PMCID: PMC9914638 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity can prevent many organic and mental pathologies. For people living in extreme southern high-latitude environments, weather conditions can affect these activities, altering their psychological well-being and favoring the prevalence of seasonal sensitivity (SS). This study aims to determine the relationships between the practice of physical activity, seasonal sensitivity and well-being in people living in high southern latitudes. A cross-sectional study was conducted, using the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ), applying a psychological well-being scale, and determining sports practice according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) for the 370 male (n = 209; 55%) and female (n = 173; 45%) participants. The main results indicated that 194 people (52 ± 7.7 years) reported physical activity. High-intensity physical activity practitioners recorded a significantly lower proportion of SS. In terms of psychological well-being, an adverse effect was found between the Seasonal Score Index (SSI) and five subcategories of the Ryff well-being scale. In conclusion, those who perform high-intensity physical activity have a lower SS, and those who have a higher SS have a lower psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caren Alvarado
- School of Medicine, Magallanes University, Punta Arenas 6210005, Chile
- Centro Asistencial de Docencia e Investigación (CADI-UMAG), Punta Arenas 6210005, Chile
| | - Matías Castillo-Aguilar
- Centro Asistencial de Docencia e Investigación (CADI-UMAG), Punta Arenas 6210005, Chile
- Kinesiology Department, Magallanes University, Punta Arenas 6210005, Chile
| | - Valeska Villegas
- Centro Asistencial de Docencia e Investigación (CADI-UMAG), Punta Arenas 6210005, Chile
| | | | - Katherine Harris
- Centro Asistencial de Docencia e Investigación (CADI-UMAG), Punta Arenas 6210005, Chile
- Kinesiology Department, Magallanes University, Punta Arenas 6210005, Chile
| | - Patricio Barria
- Corporación de Rehabilitación Club de Leones Cruz del Sur, Punta Arenas 6210005, Chile
- Brain-Machine Interface Systems Lab, Systems Engineering and Automation Department, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Michele M. Moraes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
- Associate Researcher of the Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago T. Mendes
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil
| | - Rosa M. E. Arantes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
- Associate Researcher of the Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Pablo Valdés-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- School of Medicine, Magallanes University, Punta Arenas 6210005, Chile
- Centro Asistencial de Docencia e Investigación (CADI-UMAG), Punta Arenas 6210005, Chile
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Santiago 8380544, Chile
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Ricci MF, Béla SR, Barbosa JL, Moraes MM, Mazzeti AL, Bahia MT, Horta LS, Santiago HDC, Cruz JS, Capettini LDSA, Arantes RME. A Potential Role of Cholinergic Dysfunction on Impaired Colon Motility in Experimental Intestinal Chagas Disease. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 28:483-500. [PMID: 35799242 PMCID: PMC9274474 DOI: 10.5056/jnm21074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Chagasic megacolon is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, which promotes in several cases, irreversible segmental colonic dilation. This alteration is the major anatomic-clinical disorder, characterized by the enteric nervous system and muscle wall structural damage. Herein, we investigate how T. cruzi-induced progressive colonic structural changes modulate the colonic contractile pattern activity. Methods We developed a murine model of T. cruzi-infection that reproduced long-term modifications of the enlarged colon. We evaluated colonic and total intestinal transit time in animals. The patterns of motor response at several time intervals between the acute and chronic phases were evaluated using the organ bath assays. Enteric motor neurons were stimulated by electric field stimulation. The responses were analyzed in the presence of the nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists. Western blot was performed to evaluate the expression of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. The neurotransmitter expression was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results In the chronic phase of infection, there was decreased intestinal motility associated with decreased amplitude and rhythmicity of intestinal contractility. Pharmacological tests suggested a defective response mediated by acetylcholine receptors. The contractile response induced by acetylcholine was decreased by atropine in the acute phase while the lack of its action in the chronic phase was associated with tissue damage, and decreased expression of choline acetyltransferase, nicotinic subunits of acetylcholine receptors, and neurotransmitters. Conclusions T. cruzi-induced damage of smooth muscles was accompanied by motility disorders such as decreased intestinal peristalsis and cholinergic system response impairment. This study allows integration of the natural history of Chagasic megacolon motility disorders and opens new perspectives for the design of effective therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra F Ricci
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Samantha R Béla
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Joana L Barbosa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Michele M Moraes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Ana L Mazzeti
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Maria T Bahia
- Escola de Medicina & Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Laila S Horta
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Helton da C Santiago
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Jader S Cruz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Luciano dos S A Capettini
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Rosa M E Arantes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Bruzzi RS, Moraes MM, Martins YAT, Hudson ASR, Ladeira RVP, Núñez-Espinosa C, Wanner SP, Arantes RME. Heart rate variability, thyroid hormone concentration, and neuropsychological responses in Brazilian navy divers: a case report of diving in Antarctic freezing waters. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20210501. [PMID: 35648992 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120210501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Open-water diving in a polar environment is a psychophysiological challenge to the human organism. We evaluated the effect of short-term diving (i.e., 10 min) in Antarctic waters on autonomic cardiac control, thyroid hormone concentration, body temperatures, mood, and neuropsychological responses (working memory and sleepiness). Data collection was carried out at baseline, before, and after diving in four individuals divided into the supporting (n=2) and diving (n=2) groups. In the latter group, autonomic cardiac control (by measuring heart rate variability) was also assessed during diving. Diving decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (effect size = 1.6) and thyroxine (effect size = 2.1) concentrations; these responses were not observed for the supporting group. Diving also reduced both the parasympathetic (effect size = 2.6) and sympathetic activities to the heart (ES > 3.0). Besides, diving reduced auricular (effect size > 3.0), skin [i.e., hand (effect size = 1.2) and face (effect size = 1.5)] temperatures compared to pre-dive and reduced sleepiness state (effect size = 1.3) compared to basal, without changing performance in the working memory test. In conclusion, short-term diving in icy waters affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, modulates autonomic cardiac control, and reduces body temperature, which seems to decrease sleepiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rúbio S Bruzzi
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Michele M Moraes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Patologia, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (NUPAD- FM/UFMG), Núcleo de Ações e Pesquisa em Apoio Diagnóstico, Rua Alfredo Balena, 189, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ygor A T Martins
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S R Hudson
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto V P Ladeira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (NUPAD- FM/UFMG), Núcleo de Ações e Pesquisa em Apoio Diagnóstico, Rua Alfredo Balena, 189, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- Universidad de Magallanes, Escuela de Medicina, Laboratorio de Fisiología, Avenida Bulnes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Samuel P Wanner
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosa M E Arantes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Patologia, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (NUPAD- FM/UFMG), Núcleo de Ações e Pesquisa em Apoio Diagnóstico, Rua Alfredo Balena, 189, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Martins YAT, Passos RLF, Marques AL, Gonçalves DAP, Mendes TT, Núñez-Espinosa C, Rodrigues LOC, Wanner SP, Moraes MM, Arantes RME, Soares DD. A 32-day long fieldwork in Antarctica improves heat tolerance during physical exercise. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20210593. [PMID: 35239799 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the influence of a 32-day camping in Antarctica on physical performance and exercise-induced thermoregulatory responses. In Brazil, before and after the Antarctic camping, the volunteers performed an incremental exercise at temperate conditions and, two days later, an exercise heat stress protocol (45-min running at 60% of maximum aerobic speed, at 31°C and 60% of relative humidity). In Antarctica, core temperature was assessed on a day of fieldwork, and average values higher than 38.5°C were reported. At pre- and post-Antarctica, physiological (whole-body and local sweat rate, number of active sweat glands, sweat gland output, core and skin temperatures) and perceptual (thermal comfort and sensation) variables were measured. The Antarctic camping improved the participants' performance and induced heat-related adaptations, as evidenced by sweat redistribution (lower in the chest but higher in grouped data from the forehead, forearm, and thigh) and reduced skin temperatures in the forehead and chest during the exercise heat stress protocol. Notwithstanding the acclimatization, the participants did not report differences of the thermal sensation and comfort. In conclusion, staying in an Antarctic camp for 32 days improved physical performance and elicited physiological adaptations to heat due to the physical exertion-induced hyperthermia in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ygor A T Martins
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata L F Passos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alice L Marques
- Universidade Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais em Desenvolvimento, Agricultura e Sociedade, Av. Presidente Vargas, 417, 20071-003 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dawit A P Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago T Mendes
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Centro de Ciências Humanas, Naturais, Saúde e Tecnologia, Estrada Pinheiro/Pacas, Km 10, s/n, 65200-000 Pinheiro, MA, Brazil
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- Universidad de Magallanes, School of Medicine, Physiology Laboratory, Pdte. Manuel Bulnes Avenue, 01855, Punta Arenas, Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica, Chile
| | - Luiz O C Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Samuel P Wanner
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Michele M Moraes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Patologia geral, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Núcleo de Ações e Pesquisa em Apoio Diagnóstico, (UFMG/FM-NUPAD), Av. Alfredo Balena, 189, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosa M E Arantes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Patologia geral, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Núcleo de Ações e Pesquisa em Apoio Diagnóstico, (UFMG/FM-NUPAD), Av. Alfredo Balena, 189, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Danusa D Soares
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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6
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Castillo-Aguilar M, Valdés-Badilla P, Herrera-Valenzuela T, Guzmán-Muñoz E, Delgado-Floody P, Andrade DC, Moraes MM, Arantes RME, Núñez-Espinosa C. Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Response to Muscle Fatigue and Sex Differences During Consecutive Competition Periods in Young Swimmers: A Longitudinal Study. Front Physiol 2021; 12:769085. [PMID: 34867474 PMCID: PMC8637437 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.769085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To study the differences in cardiac autonomic modulation in response to muscle fatigue caused by high-intensity exercise during two consecutive competition periods in young swimmers. Methods: Twenty-six competitive swimmers, selected by their training volume, were separated in two groups, females (n = 12 [46%], age: 13.5 ± 1.4 years) and males (n = 14 [54%], age: 13.9 ± 1.7 years), aged between 10 and 16 years, were evaluated five times as follow: (i) 21 days before the first competition (t-0); (ii) two days before (t-1; t-3); and (iii) two days after (t-2; t-4) of the first and second competitions. Morphological measurements (body mass, percentage of total body fat and height), blood pressure, power, and resting heart rate variability (RR with Polar band) were recorded before and after Wingate test at each time. Results: Body fat was higher in females compared to males. However, no differences were found in other morphological parameters. An intra-subject analysis grouped by sex in cardiovascular parameters shows longitudinal variations in systolic pressure and mean pressure among females. Additionally, females depicted higher, very low frequency (VLF, which is intrinsically generated by the heart and strongly associated with emotional stress) after physical fatigue compared to males at t-1. Further, before the competition, the high frequency (HF) component of HRV (parasympathetic drive) was higher in males than females at t-0 and t-4. Conclusion: Our data revealed that males displayed greater parasympathetic reactivity after an anaerobic muscle fatigue test during their competition periods. Contrarily, females had a less cardiac autonomic modulation when comparing the pre-post Wingate test after two consecutive competition periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Castillo-Aguilar
- Kinesiology Department, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Austral Integrative Neurophysiology Group, CADI-UMAG, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Pablo Valdés-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Carrera de Entrenador Deportivo, Escuela de Educación, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Tomás Herrera-Valenzuela
- Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Activity, Faculty of Health, Universidad Santo Tomás (UST), Santiago, Chile
- Department of Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - David Cristóbal Andrade
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiología y Medicina de Altura (MedAlt), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Michele M. Moraes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (NUPAD-FM/UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rosa M. E. Arantes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (NUPAD-FM/UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- Austral Integrative Neurophysiology Group, CADI-UMAG, Punta Arenas, Chile
- School of Medicine, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Chile
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7
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Borges L, Moraes MM, Arantes RME, Hatanaka E. The COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact and Strategies for Sports and Exercise Medicine Researchers during Large-Scale Social Restrictions. J Med Syst 2021; 45:56. [PMID: 33768285 PMCID: PMC7994054 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-021-01734-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Borges
- Instituto de Ciências da Atividade Física e Esportes, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Rua Galvão Bueno, 868, Liberdade, 01506-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Michele M Moraes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences; Mediantar Research Group; Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosa M E Arantes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences; Mediantar Research Group; Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Elaine Hatanaka
- Instituto de Ciências da Atividade Física e Esportes, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Rua Galvão Bueno, 868, Liberdade, 01506-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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8
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Moraes MM, Mendes TT, Arantes RME. Smart Wearables for Cardiac Autonomic Monitoring in Isolated, Confined and Extreme Environments: A Perspective from Field Research in Antarctica. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:1303. [PMID: 33670324 PMCID: PMC7917677 DOI: 10.3390/s21041303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antarctica is a space-analog ICE (isolated, cold, and extreme) environment. Cardiovascular and heart autonomic adjustments are key-adaptive physiological responses to Antarctica, both in summer camps and in research stations winter-over. Research fieldwork in ICE environments imposes limitations such as energy restriction, the need for portable and easy-to-handle resources, and resistance of materials to cold and snow/water. Herein, we present the methods we use for cardiac monitoring in the Antarctic field, the limitations of the equipment currently available, and the specific demands for smart wearables to physiological and health tracking in ICE environments, including the increased remote monitoring demand due to COVID-19 restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele M. Moraes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Thiago T. Mendes
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Health and Technology, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Pinheiro, Maranhão 65200-000, Brazil;
| | - Rosa M. E. Arantes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil;
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Abrantes FA, Nascimento BB, Andrade MER, de Barros PAV, Cartelle CT, Martins FS, Nicoli JR, Arantes RME, Generoso SV, Fernandes SOA, Cardoso VN. Treatment with Bifidobacterium longum 5 1A attenuates intestinal damage and inflammatory response in experimental colitis. Benef Microbes 2019; 11:47-57. [PMID: 32066260 DOI: 10.3920/bm2019.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of Bifidobacterium longum 51A on the intestinal mucosa and inflammatory response in experimental colitis. Colitis was induced by administration of 3.5% dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) solution for 7 days. Two periods of administration were performed: treatment (T) group, mice received Bifidobacterium only during disease induction (7 days); total treatment (TT) group, mice received Bifidobacterium for 10 days before and during disease induction. The probiotic effects on intestinal permeability, inflammatory infiltrate, histological analysis, cytokines, chemokines and sIgA were evaluated. Bifidobacterium administration in the T group showed reduction in intestinal permeability and lower IL-1β, myeloperoxidase, and eosinophil peroxidase levels compared to those in the colitis group (P<0.05). Bifidobacterium administration in the TT group attenuated severe lesions in the colon and reduced eosinophil peroxidase level (P<0.05). B. longum 51A treatment modality was more effective than total treatment and reduced the inflammatory response and its consequences on intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Abrantes
- Departamento de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - B B Nascimento
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - M E R Andrade
- Departamento de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - P A V de Barros
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - C T Cartelle
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - F S Martins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - J R Nicoli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - R M E Arantes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - S V Generoso
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Professor Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil
| | - S O A Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - V N Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
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10
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Moraes MM, Mendes TT, Martins YAT, Espinosa CN, Maluf CB, Soares DD, Wanner SP, Arantes RME. The changes in maximal oxygen uptake (V̊O 2MAX) induced by physical exertion during an Antarctic expedition depend on the initial V̊O 2MAX of the individuals: a case study of the Brazilian expedition. Int J Circumpolar Health 2019; 77:1521244. [PMID: 30252632 PMCID: PMC6161621 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2018.1521244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Antarctic climate is challenging, since the cold, wind and sensory monotony are stressful stimuli to individuals. Moreover, camp activities and heavy clothes may contribute to increase physiological strain. Thus, we aimed to characterise the physiological demand of a 24-day period in the Antarctic field and then to evaluate the effect of this expedition on the aerobic fitness in individuals with heterogeneous initial aerobic fitness (as determined by estimating maximum oxygen consumption – V̊O2MAX). Before and after the 24-day period in Antarctica, 7 researchers and 2 mountaineers were subjected to incremental tests to estimate their V̊O2MAX. Field effort was characterised by measuring heart rate (HR). During the field trips, their HR remained 33.4% of the recording time between 50–60% HRMAX, 22.3% between 60–70% HRMAX, and only 1.4% between 80 and 90% HRMAX. The changes in estimated V̊O2MAX during the expedition depended on the pre-expedition aerobic fitness. The post-expedition V̊O2MAX increased by 5.9% and decreased by 14.3%in individuals with lower (researchers) and higher (mountaineers) initial V̊O2MAX, respectively. We concluded that physical effort in the Antarctic field is characterised as predominantly of low- to moderate-intensity. This effort represented an effective training load for individuals with lower initial V̊O2MAX, but not for those with higher V̊O2MAX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele M Moraes
- a Laboratory of Neuro-Immunology Experimental Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG , Brazil.,b Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG , Brazil
| | - Thiago T Mendes
- b Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG , Brazil.,c Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Health and Technology , Universidade Federal do Maranhão , Pinheiro , MA , Brazil
| | - Ygor A T Martins
- b Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG , Brazil
| | - Cristian N Espinosa
- e Physiology Laboratory, School of Medicine , Universidad de Magallanes , Punta Arenas , Chile
| | - Chams B Maluf
- d Department of Complementary Propaedeutic of the Faculty of Medicine , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG , Brazil
| | - Danusa D Soares
- b Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG , Brazil
| | - Samuel P Wanner
- b Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG , Brazil
| | - Rosa M E Arantes
- a Laboratory of Neuro-Immunology Experimental Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG , Brazil
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11
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Nascimento BB, Cartelle CT, Noviello MDL, Pinheiro BV, de Almeida Vitor RW, Souza DDG, de Vasconcelos Generoso S, Cardoso VN, Martins FDS, Nicoli JR, Arantes RME. Influence of indigenous microbiota on experimental toxoplasmosis in conventional and germ-free mice. Int J Exp Pathol 2017; 98:191-202. [PMID: 28895246 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis represents one of the most common zoonoses worldwide. Its agent, Toxoplasma gondii, causes a severe innate pro-inflammatory response. The indigenous intestinal microbiota promotes host animal homoeostasis and may protect the host against pathogens. Germ-free (GF) animals provide an important tool for the study of interactions between host and microbiota. In this study, we assessed the role of indigenous microorganisms in disease development utilizing a murine toxoplasmosis model, which includes conventional (CV) and GF NIH Swiss mice. CV and GF mice orally inoculated with T. gondii had similar survival curves. However, disease developed differently in the two animal groups. In CV mice, intestinal permeability increased and levels of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines were altered. In GF animals, there were discrete epithelial degenerative changes and mucosal oedema, but the liver and lungs displayed significant lesions. We conclude that, despite similar survival curves, CV animals succumb to an exaggerated inflammatory response, whereas GF mice fail to produce an adequate systemic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna B Nascimento
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Laboratório de Neuro-Imunopatologia Experimental (NIPE), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Christiane T Cartelle
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Laboratório de Neuro-Imunopatologia Experimental (NIPE), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria de L Noviello
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Laboratório de Neuro-Imunopatologia Experimental (NIPE), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Breno V Pinheiro
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo W de Almeida Vitor
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Danielle da G Souza
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Simone de Vasconcelos Generoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Valbert N Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Dos S Martins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jacques R Nicoli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosa M E Arantes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Laboratório de Neuro-Imunopatologia Experimental (NIPE), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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12
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Bastos RW, Pedroso SHSP, Vieira AT, Moreira LMC, França CS, Cartelle CT, Arantes RME, Generoso SV, Cardoso VN, Neves MJ, Nicoli JR, Martins FS. Saccharomyces cerevisiae UFMG A-905 treatment reduces intestinal damage in a murine model of irinotecan-induced mucositis. Benef Microbes 2016; 7:549-57. [PMID: 27133563 DOI: 10.3920/bm2015.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Indigenous microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of several intestinal diseases, including mucositis. Gastrointestinal mucositis is a major and serious side effect of cancer therapy, and there is no effective therapy for this clinical condition. However, some probiotics have been shown to attenuate such conditions. To evaluate the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae UFMG A-905 (Sc-905), a potential probiotic yeast, we investigated whether pre- or post-treatment with viable or inactivated Sc-905 could prevent weight loss and intestinal lesions, and maintain integrity of the mucosal barrier in a mucositis model induced by irinotecan in mice. Only post-treatment with viable Sc-905 was able to protect mice against the damage caused by chemotherapy, reducing the weight loss, increase of intestinal permeability and jejunal lesions (villous shortening). Besides, this treatment reduced oxidative stress, prevented the decrease of goblet cells and stimulated the replication of cells in the intestinal crypts of mice with experimental mucositis. In conclusion, Sc-905 protects animals against irinotecan-induced mucositis when administered as a post-treatment with viable cells, and this effect seems to be related with the reduction of oxidative stress and preservation of intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Bastos
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - S H S P Pedroso
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - A T Vieira
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - L M C Moreira
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - C S França
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - C T Cartelle
- 2 Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - R M E Arantes
- 2 Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - S V Generoso
- 3 Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - V N Cardoso
- 4 Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - M J Neves
- 5 Center of Nuclear Technology Development/Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission (CDTN/CNEN), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - J R Nicoli
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - F S Martins
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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13
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Elian SDA, Souza ELS, Vieira AT, Teixeira MM, Arantes RME, Nicoli JR, Martins FS. Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis BB-02 attenuates acute murine experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease. Benef Microbes 2016; 6:277-86. [PMID: 25391346 DOI: 10.3920/bm2014.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory conditions, characterised by remissions and relapses episodes, whose main manifestations are ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Ulcerative colitis (UC), one of the main forms of IBD, has as standard treatment the use of corticosteroids and anti-inflammatory drugs. The use of antibiotics has been also reported, but the possible adverse effects, such as disturbance of the indigenous microbiota or resistance induction, should be taken into consideration, and thus the use of probiotics emerges as a possible alternative option of treatment. In this study, the oral administration of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis BB-02 was evaluated as a preventive strategy for acute experimental UC induced in female BALB/c mice by ingestion of 3.5% dextran sulphate sodium in drinking water during 7 days. During this time, the daily disease activity index was evaluated, and on the seventh day the animals were euthanised to collect intestines and liver for analysis. Treatment with the probiotic resulted in clinical improvement of the animals. The histological and morphometric analyses showed a reduction of lesions and oedema in the gut, but there was no increase in the production of mucin. The dosage of secretory immunoglobulin A was significantly higher in the colitis group and reduced in the group treated with the probiotic. There was also a reduction in the inflammation of the colon, as demonstrated by a decrease in neutrophils infiltration, and KC/CXCL-1 levels. The intestinal permeability, which is typically increased during the onset of IBD, was also reduced by treatment with probiotic. Based on these data, it can be concluded that the bacterium B. infantis BB-02 has a probiotic potential for the attenuation of UC, but further studies should be conducted to verify the mechanism of protective action of the bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D A Elian
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha Campus UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - E L S Souza
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha Campus UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - A T Vieira
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha Campus UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha Campus UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - M M Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha Campus UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - R M E Arantes
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha Campus UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - J R Nicoli
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha Campus UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - F S Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha Campus UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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14
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Pedroso SHSP, Vieira AT, Bastos RW, Oliveira JS, Cartelle CT, Arantes RME, Soares PMG, Generoso SV, Cardoso VN, Teixeira MM, Nicoli JR, Martins FS. Evaluation of mucositis induced by irinotecan after microbial colonization in germ-free mice. Microbiology (Reading) 2015. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia H. S. P. Pedroso
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Angélica T. Vieira
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael W. Bastos
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jamil S. Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Christiane T. Cartelle
- Department of General Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosa M. E. Arantes
- Department of General Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro M. G. Soares
- Department of Morphology, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Simone V. Generoso
- Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Valbert N. Cardoso
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mauro M. Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jacques R. Nicoli
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flaviano S. Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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15
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Tiago FCP, Porto BAA, Ribeiro NS, Moreira LMC, Arantes RME, Vieira AT, Teixeira MM, Generoso SV, Nascimento VN, Martins FS, Nicoli JR. Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain UFMG A-905 in experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease. Benef Microbes 2015; 6:807-15. [PMID: 26322540 DOI: 10.3920/bm2015.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the protective potential of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain UFMG A-905 was evaluated in a murine model of acute ulcerative colitis (UC). Six groups of Balb/c mice were used: not treated with yeast and not challenged with dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) (control); treated with S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 (905); treated with the non-probiotic S. cerevisiae W303 (W303); challenged with DSS (DSS); treated with S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 and challenged with DSS (905 + DSS); and treated with S. cerevisiae W303 and challenged with DSS (W303 + DSS). Seven days after induction of UC, mice were euthanised to remove colon for enzymatic, immunological, and histopathological analysis. In vivo intestinal permeability was also evaluated. An improvement of clinical manifestations of experimental UC was observed only in mice of the 905 + DSS group when compared to animals from DSS and W303 + DSS groups. This observation was confirmed by histological and morphometrical data and determination of myeloperoxidase and eosinophil peroxidase activities, intestinal permeability and some pro-inflammatory cytokines. S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 showed to be a potential alternative treatment for UC when used in an experimental animal model of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C P Tiago
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, C.P. 486, Pampulha - Campus UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - B A A Porto
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, C.P. 486, Pampulha - Campus UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - N S Ribeiro
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, C.P. 486, Pampulha - Campus UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - L M C Moreira
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, C.P. 486, Pampulha - Campus UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - R M E Arantes
- 2 Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, C.P. 486, Pampulha - Campus UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - A T Vieira
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, C.P. 486, Pampulha - Campus UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - M M Teixeira
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, C.P. 486, Pampulha - Campus UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - S V Generoso
- 4 School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, C.P. 486, Pampulha - Campus UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - V N Nascimento
- 4 School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, C.P. 486, Pampulha - Campus UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - F S Martins
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, C.P. 486, Pampulha - Campus UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - J R Nicoli
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, C.P. 486, Pampulha - Campus UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Cruz A, Mendes ÉA, de Andrade MVM, do Nascimento VC, Cartelle CT, Arantes RME, Melo JRDC, Gazzinelli RT, Ropert C. Mast cells are crucial in the resistance against Toxoplasma gondii oral infection. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:2949-54. [PMID: 25091816 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201344185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
During oral infection, mucosal immunity assumes a predominant role. Here, we addressed the role of mast cells (MCs), which are mainly located in mucosa during oral infection with Toxoplasma gondii, using MC-deficient (W/W(v) ) mice. We show that in the absence of MCs the resistance of W/W(v) mice to oral infection was considerably reduced. W/W(v) mice uniformly succumbed within 15 days of infection after administration of cysts of the ME49 strain of T. gondii. The rapid lethality of T. gondii in W/W(v) mice correlated with a delayed Th1-cell response, since IFN-γ and IL-12 levels peaked in the later phase of the infection. In vitro, BM-derived MCs were able to recognize parasite lysate in a MyD88-dependent way, reaffirming the role of this TLR adapter in immune responses to T. gondii. The importance of MCs in vivo was confirmed when W/W(v) mice reconstituted with BM-derived MCs from control mice retrieved an early strong Th1-cell response and specially a significant IL-12 production. In conclusion, MCs play an important role for the development of a protective immune response during oral infection with T. gondii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Cruz
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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17
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Steinberg RS, Silva LCS, Souza TC, Lima MT, de Oliveira NLG, Vieira LQ, Arantes RME, Miyoshi A, Nicoli JR, Neumann E, Nunes ÁC. Safety and protective effectiveness of two strains of Lactobacillus with probiotic features in an experimental model of salmonellosis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11:8755-76. [PMID: 25162711 PMCID: PMC4198989 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110908755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Two strains of Lactobacillus, previously isolated from bovine faeces and tested in vitro for properties desired in probiotics, were evaluated for their in vivo effectiveness in protecting against experimental salmonellosis. L. salivarius L38 and L. acidophilus L36 previously demonstrated the ability to successfully colonize the gastrointestinal tract of germ-free mice and stimulate the immune system associated with the intestinal mucosa. L38- or L36-feeding showed no detrimental effect on the general health indicators and did not induce changes in normal architecture of liver and small intestine, indicating that the use of these strains is apparently safe. In control animals fed L38 strain, several cytokines had augmented mRNA levels that can be associated with a homeostatic state of intestinal mucosa, while L36 had less diverse regulation. IgA production and secretion in the intestinal lumen induced by infection was abrogated by pretreating with both lactobacilli. In addition, liver and small intestine histological scores and, translocation of Salmonella cells to liver and spleen, indicated that these strains did not confer protection against the infection. So, the IL-12:IL-18àIFN-g axis, essential for an effective immune response against Salmonella, was not favored with L38 or L36 strains. However, increased expression of IL-10 in different portions of the gastrointestinal tract of L38-fed animals is indicative of anti-inflammatory effect to be explored furthermore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael S. Steinberg
- Department of General Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-Mails: (R.S.S.); (L.C.S.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Lilian C. S. Silva
- Department of General Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-Mails: (R.S.S.); (L.C.S.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Tássia C. Souza
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.C.S.); (M.T.L.); (M.L.G.O.); (J.R.N.); (E.N.)
| | - Maurício T. Lima
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.C.S.); (M.T.L.); (M.L.G.O.); (J.R.N.); (E.N.)
| | - Nayara L. G. de Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.C.S.); (M.T.L.); (M.L.G.O.); (J.R.N.); (E.N.)
| | - Leda Q. Vieira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Rosa M. E. Arantes
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Anderson Miyoshi
- Department of General Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-Mails: (R.S.S.); (L.C.S.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Jacques R. Nicoli
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.C.S.); (M.T.L.); (M.L.G.O.); (J.R.N.); (E.N.)
| | - Elisabeth Neumann
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-Mails: (T.C.S.); (M.T.L.); (M.L.G.O.); (J.R.N.); (E.N.)
| | - Álvaro C. Nunes
- Department of General Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; E-Mails: (R.S.S.); (L.C.S.S.); (A.M.)
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18
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Silva AR, Aguilar EC, Alvarez-Leite JI, da Silva RF, Arantes RME, Bader M, Alenina N, Pelli G, Lenglet S, Galan K, Montecucco F, Mach F, Santos SHS, Santos RAS. Mas receptor deficiency is associated with worsening of lipid profile and severe hepatic steatosis in ApoE-knockout mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2013; 305:R1323-30. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00249.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The classical renin-angiotensin system pathway has been recently updated with the identification of additional molecules [such as angiotensin converting enzyme 2, ANG-(1–7), and Mas receptor] that might improve some pathophysiological processes in chronic inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we focused on the potential protective role of Mas receptor activation on mouse lipid profile, liver steatosis, and atherogenesis. Mas/apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-double-knockout (DKO) mice (based on C57BL/6 strain of 20 wk of age) were fed under normal diet and compared with aged-matched Mas and ApoE-single-knockout (KO), as well as wild-type mice. Mas/ApoE double deficiency was associated with increased serum levels of atherogenic fractions of cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting glucose compared with wild-type or single KO. Serum levels of HDL or leptin in DKO were lower than in other groups. Hepatic lipid content as well as alanine aminotransferase serum levels were increased in DKO compared with wild-type or single-KO animals. Accordingly, the hepatic protein content of mediators related to atherosclerotic inflammation, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and liver X receptor, was altered in an adverse way in DKO compared with ApoE-KO. On the other hand, DKO mice did not display increased atherogenesis and intraplaque inflammation compared with ApoE-KO group. In conclusion, Mas deletion in ApoE-KO mice was associated with development of severe liver steatosis and dyslipidemia without affecting concomitant atherosclerosis. Mas receptor activation might represent promising strategies for future treatments targeting both hepatic and metabolic alterations in chronic conditions clustering these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analina R. Silva
- INCT-NanoBiofar, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edenil C. Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline I. Alvarez-Leite
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafaela F. da Silva
- INCT-NanoBiofar, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosa M. E. Arantes
- Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Graziano Pelli
- Cardiology Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Lenglet
- Cardiology Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Katia Galan
- Cardiology Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Cardiology Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- First Medical Clinic, Laboratory of Phagocyte Physiopathology and Inflammation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; and
| | - François Mach
- Cardiology Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sérgio H. S. Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Robson A. S. Santos
- INCT-NanoBiofar, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Rezende BM, Bernardes PTT, Resende CB, Arantes RME, Souza DG, Braga FC, Castor MGM, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. Lithothamnion muelleri controls inflammatory responses, target organ injury and lethality associated with graft-versus-host disease in mice. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:2595-615. [PMID: 23873335 PMCID: PMC3736440 DOI: 10.3390/md11072595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithothamnion muelleri (Hapalidiaceae) is a marine red alga, which is a member of a group of algae with anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and immunomodulatory properties. The present study evaluated the effects of treatment with Lithothamnion muelleri extract (LM) in a model of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), using a model of adoptive splenocyte transfer from C57BL/6 donors into B6D2F1 recipient mice. Mice treated with LM showed reduced clinical signs of disease and mortality when compared with untreated mice. LM-treated mice had reduced tissue injury, less bacterial translocation, and decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5)). The polysaccharide-rich fraction derived from LM could inhibit leukocyte rolling and adhesion in intestinal venules, as assessed by intravital microscopy. LM treatment did not impair the beneficial effects of graft-versus-leukaemia (GVL). Altogether, our studies suggest that treatment with Lithothamnion muelleri has a potential therapeutic application in GVHD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara M. Rezende
- Laboratory of Resolution of Inflammatory Response, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil; E-Mails: (B.M.R.); (P.T.T.B.); (C.B.R.); (M.G.M.C.)
| | - Priscila T. T. Bernardes
- Laboratory of Resolution of Inflammatory Response, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil; E-Mails: (B.M.R.); (P.T.T.B.); (C.B.R.); (M.G.M.C.)
| | - Carolina B. Resende
- Laboratory of Resolution of Inflammatory Response, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil; E-Mails: (B.M.R.); (P.T.T.B.); (C.B.R.); (M.G.M.C.)
| | - Rosa M. E. Arantes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuro-Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Danielle G. Souza
- Host-Microbes Interaction Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Fernão C. Braga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Marina G. M. Castor
- Laboratory of Resolution of Inflammatory Response, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil; E-Mails: (B.M.R.); (P.T.T.B.); (C.B.R.); (M.G.M.C.)
| | - Mauro M. Teixeira
- Immunopharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Laboratory of Resolution of Inflammatory Response, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil; E-Mails: (B.M.R.); (P.T.T.B.); (C.B.R.); (M.G.M.C.)
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20
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Martins FS, Vieira AT, Elian SDA, Arantes RME, Tiago FCP, Sousa LP, Araújo HRC, Pimenta PF, Bonjardim CA, Nicoli JR, Teixeira MM. Inhibition of tissue inflammation and bacterial translocation as one of the protective mechanisms of Saccharomyces boulardii against Salmonella infection in mice. Microbes Infect 2013; 15:270-9. [PMID: 23376166 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidences suggest that Saccharomyces boulardii (SB) is efficacious against bacterial infections and inflammatory bowel diseases. This study investigated the effects of treatment with SB provided in a murine model of typhoid fever. Mice were divided into two groups: (1) control animals challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium (ST), and (2) animals receiving SB, and then challenged with ST. At days 0, 1, 5, 10 and 15 post-challenge, animals were euthanized and tissues collected to analyze bacterial translocation, cytokines, signaling pathways and histological analysis. Survival rate and animal weight were also evaluated. Treatment with SB increased survival rate and inhibited translocation of bacteria after ST challenge. Histological data showed that SB also protected mice against liver damage induced by ST. SB decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38, JNK and ERK1/2), phospho-IκB, p65-RelA, phospho-jun and c-fos in the colon, signal pathways involved in the activation of inflammation induced by ST. Further experiments revealed that probiotic effects were due, at least in part, to the binding of ST to the yeast. Such binding diminishes ST translocation, resulting in decreased activation of signaling pathways which lead to intestinal inflammation in a murine model of typhoid fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaviano S Martins
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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21
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Teixeira GS, Carvalho FP, Arantes RME, Nunes AC, Moreira JLS, Mendonça M, Almeida RB, Farias LM, Carvalho MAR, Nicoli JR. Characteristics of Lactobacillus and Gardnerella vaginalis from women with or without bacterial vaginosis and their relationships in gnotobiotic mice. J Med Microbiol 2012; 61:1074-1081. [PMID: 22539000 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.041962-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to evaluate in vitro the production of antagonistic compounds against Gardnerella vaginalis by Lactobacillus strains isolated from women with or without bacterial vaginosis (BV), and to select one of the better Lactobacillus producers of such a substance to be tested in vivo using a gnotobiotic animal model challenged with one of the more sensitive G. vaginalis isolates. A total of 24 isolates from women with and without BV were identified as G. vaginalis. A higher frequency (P<0.05) of this bacterium was observed in women with BV (56.7%) when compared to healthy women (17.6%). A total of 86 strains of Lactobacillus were obtained from healthy women and women with BV. Lactobacillus strains were more frequently present (P<0.05) in healthy women (97.5%) than in women with BV (76.7%). Lactobacillus crispatus was the predominating strain in both healthy women and women with BV. Lactobacillus jensenii, Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus vaginalis were isolated with an intermediate frequency in the two groups. In vitro antagonism assays were performed using as indicators 17 reference strains and the G. vaginalis strains isolated from women with BV and from healthy women. Lactobacillus isolated from healthy women showed the higher antagonistic activity against all the indicator strains when compared with isolates from women with BV. Concerning the indicator strains, G. vaginalis found in women with BV was more resistant to the antagonism, particularly when Lactobacillus isolates from women with BV were used as producer strains. A high vaginal population level of G. vaginalis was obtained by intravaginal inoculation of germ-free mice, and this colonization was accompanied by vaginal histopathological lesions. A tenfold decrease in vaginal population level of G. vaginalis and a reduction of histological lesions were observed when the pathogenic challenge was performed in mice previously monoassociated with an L. johnsonii strain. Concluding, results of the present study suggest that progression of G. vaginalis-associated BV depends in part on a simultaneous presence of Lactobacillus populations with a low antagonistic capacity and of a G. vaginalis strain with a high resistance to this antagonism. The results could also explain why G. vaginalis is frequently found in the vaginal ecosystem of healthy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Teixeira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - F P Carvalho
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - R M E Arantes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - A C Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - J L S Moreira
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - M Mendonça
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - R B Almeida
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - L M Farias
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - M A R Carvalho
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - J R Nicoli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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22
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Castor MGM, Rezende BM, Bernardes PTT, Vieira AT, Vieira ELM, Arantes RME, Souza DG, Silva TA, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. PI3Kγ controls leukocyte recruitment, tissue injury, and lethality in a model of graft-versus-host disease in mice. J Leukoc Biol 2011; 89:955-64. [PMID: 21402770 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0810464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PI(3)Kγ is thought to mediate leukocyte migration to injured tissues and may be important in the pathogenesis of various T-lymphocyte-dependent pathologies, including autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The present study evaluated the relevance of PI(3)Kγ in donor cells for the pathogenesis of acute GVHD using a model of adoptive transfer of splenocytes from WT or PI(3)Kγ(-/-) C57BL/6J mice to B6D2F1 mice, and mice that received PI(3)Kγ(-/-) cells showed reduced clinical signs of disease, bacterial translocation, tissue injury, and lethality rates. This was associated with reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, CCL2, CCL3, and CCL5) and reduced infiltration of CD8(+), CD4(+), and CD11c(+) cells in the small intestine. Mechanistically, in addition to decreasing production of proinflammatory mediators, absence or pharmacological blockade of PI(3)Kγ was associated with decreased rolling and adhesion of leukocytes to the mesenteric microcirculation, as assessed by intravital microscopy. Despite decreased GVHD, there was maintained GVL activity when PI(3)Kγ(-/-) leukocytes were transferred into WT mice. In conclusion, PI(3)Kγ plays a critical role in GVHD by mediating leukocyte influx and activation in tissues. PI(3)Kγ inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of GVHD in patients undergoing BMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina G M Castor
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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23
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Martins FS, Elian SDA, Vieira AT, Tiago FCP, Martins AKS, Silva FCP, Souza ELS, Sousa LP, Araújo HRC, Pimenta PF, Bonjardim CA, Arantes RME, Teixeira MM, Nicoli JR. Oral treatment with Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain UFMG 905 modulates immune responses and interferes with signal pathways involved in the activation of inflammation in a murine model of typhoid fever. Int J Med Microbiol 2011; 301:359-64. [PMID: 21236729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella spp. are Gram-negative, facultative, intracellular pathogens that cause several diarrheal diseases ranging from self-limiting gastroenteritis to typhoid fever. Previous results from our laboratory showed that Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain UFMG 905 isolated from 'cachaça' production presented probiotic properties due to its ability to protect against experimental infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. In this study, the effects of oral treatment with S. cerevisiae 905 were evaluated at the immunological level in a murine model of typhoid fever. Treatment with S. cerevisiae 905 inhibited weight loss and increased survival rate after Salmonella challenge. Immunological data demonstrated that S. cerevisiae 905 decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and modulated the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 and JNK, but not ERK1/2), NF-κB and AP-1, signaling pathways which are involved in the transcriptional activation of proinflammatory mediators. Experiments in germ-free mice revealed that probiotic effects were due, at least in part, to the binding of Salmonella to the yeast. In conclusion, S. cerevisiae 905 acts as a potential new biotherapy against S. Typhimurium infection due to its ability to bind bacteria and modulate signaling pathways involved in the activation of inflammation in a murine model of typhoid fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaviano S Martins
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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24
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Generoso SV, Viana ML, Santos RG, Arantes RME, Martins FS, Nicoli JR, Machado JAN, Correia MITD, Cardoso VN. Protection against increased intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation induced by intestinal obstruction in mice treated with viable and heat-killed Saccharomyces boulardii. Eur J Nutr 2010; 50:261-9. [PMID: 20936479 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-010-0134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are substantial evidences suggesting that probiotics can protect the gastrointestinal tract against inflammatory or infectious episodes. The effects of oral treatment with viable or heat-killed cells of Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) on bacterial translocation, intestinal permeability, histological aspect of the ileum, and some immunological parameters were evaluated in a murine intestinal obstruction (IO) model. RESULTS Bacterial translocation and intestinal permeability in the IO group were significantly higher when compared to a Sham group (p < 0.05). Pretreatment with both viable and heat-killed S. boulardii prevented these increases, and the data obtained for IO + Sb and IO + heat-killed Sb groups were similar to those observed in the Sham group (p > 0.05). Histological analysis showed preservation of the ileum mucosa in mice that received both forms of the yeast when compared to the lesions observed in the IO group. The levels of serum interleukin (IL)-10 and intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were higher in the animals that received both yeast treatments when compared to those from IO and Sham groups. CONCLUSION Oral treatment with viable or heat-killed cells of S. boulardii maintained intestinal integrity and modulated the immune system in a murine IO model, preventing bacterial translocation and intestinal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone V Generoso
- Departamento de Análises Clinicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30161-970, Brazil.
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Martins FS, Dalmasso G, Arantes RME, Doye A, Lemichez E, Lagadec P, Imbert V, Peyron JF, Rampal P, Nicoli JR, Czerucka D. Interaction of Saccharomyces boulardii with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium protects mice and modifies T84 cell response to the infection. PLoS One 2010; 5:e8925. [PMID: 20111723 PMCID: PMC2811747 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Salmonella pathogenesis engages host cells in two-way biochemical interactions: phagocytosis of bacteria by recruitment of cellular small GTP-binding proteins induced by the bacteria, and by triggering a pro-inflammatory response through activation of MAPKs and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Worldwide interest in the use of functional foods containing probiotic bacteria for health promotion and disease prevention has increased significantly. Saccharomyces boulardii is a non-pathogenic yeast used as a probiotic in infectious diarrhea. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we reported that S. boulardii (Sb) protected mice from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST)-induced death and prevented bacterial translocation to the liver. At a molecular level, using T84 human colorectal cancer cells, we demonstrate that incubation with Sb before infection totally abolished Salmonella invasion. This correlates with a decrease of activation of Rac1. Sb preserved T84 barrier function and decreased ST-induced IL-8 synthesis. This anti-inflammatory effect was correlated with an inhibitory effect of Sb on ST-induced activation of the MAPKs ERK1/2, p38 and JNK as well as on activation of NF-κB. Electron and confocal microscopy experiments showed an adhesion of bacteria to yeast cells, which could represent one of the mechanisms by which Sb exerts its protective effects. Conclusions Sb shows modulating effects on permeability, inflammation, and signal transduction pathway in T84 cells infected by ST and an in vivo protective effect against ST infection. The present results also demonstrate that Sb modifies invasive properties of Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaviano S. Martins
- Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guillaume Dalmasso
- Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Rosa M. E. Arantes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anne Doye
- Team 6: Toxines microbiennes dans la relation hôte-pathogènes, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Emmanuel Lemichez
- Team 6: Toxines microbiennes dans la relation hôte-pathogènes, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
- Service de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice, France
| | - Patricia Lagadec
- Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Veronique Imbert
- Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - Jean-François Peyron
- Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
- Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice, France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice, France
| | - Patrick Rampal
- Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Jacques R. Nicoli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Dorota Czerucka
- Team 4: Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Unité INSERM U895, C3M: Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
- * E-mail:
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Castor MGM, Rezende B, Resende CB, Alessandri AL, Fagundes CT, Sousa LP, Arantes RME, Souza DG, Silva TA, Proudfoot AEI, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. The CCL3/macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha-binding protein evasin-1 protects from graft-versus-host disease but does not modify graft-versus-leukemia in mice. J Immunol 2010; 184:2646-54. [PMID: 20100934 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CCL3 is a protein of the CC chemokine family known to be important for T cell recruitment in inflammatory diseases. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects and putative mechanism of action of evasin-1, a novel CCL3-binding protein, in the pathogenesis of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). GVHD was induced by the transplantation of splenocytes from C57BL/6J to B6D2F1 mice. Treatment of recipient mice with evasin-1 prevented mortality associated with GVHD. This was correlated with reduced weight loss and clinical disease severity. Analysis of the small intestine showed that evasin-1 treatment reduced the histopathological score and decreased levels of IFN-gamma and CCL5. Mechanistically, evasin-1 treatment reduced the number of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells infiltrating the small intestine, as assessed by immunohistochemistry, and the adhesion of leukocytes to intestinal venules of recipient mice, as assessed by intravital microscopy. Evasin-1 was also able to decrease liver damage, as seen by reduction of inflammatory infiltrate and IFN-gamma levels. Treatment with evasin-1 did not interfere with graft-versus-leukemia. Altogether, our studies demonstrate that CCL3 plays a major role in mediating GVHD, but not graft-versus-leukemia in mice and suggest that blockade of CCL3 with evasin-1 has potential therapeutic application in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina G M Castor
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BeloHorizonte, Brazil
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Viana ML, Santos RGC, Generoso SV, Arantes RME, Correia MITD, Cardoso VN. Pretreatment with arginine preserves intestinal barrier integrity and reduces bacterial translocation in mice. Nutrition 2009; 26:218-23. [PMID: 19660909 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Revised: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of arginine on intestinal barrier integrity and bacterial translocation (BT) in mice undergoing intestinal obstruction. METHODS Mice were divided into 3 groups, treated for 7 d before surgical intervention with isocaloric and isoprotein diets. The ARG group received a diet containing 2% arginine, the IO (intestinal obstruction) and Sham groups, standard chow diet. On the eighth day of treatment, all animals received diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) solution labeled with 99mTechnetium (99mTc-DTPA) by gavage for intestinal permeability analysis. After 90 min, the animals were anesthetized and the terminal ileum ligated. The Sham group only underwent laparotomy. After 4, 8, and 18 h, blood was collected for radioactivity determination. Samples of ileum were collected 18 h after surgery for histological analysis. In another set of animals, BT was evaluated. After 7 d of treatment, all animals received 10(8) CFU/mL of 99mTc-E.coli by gavage; 90 min later they were submitted to the surgical procedure described above. BT was determined by the uptake of 99mTc-E.coli in blood, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and lungs, assessed 18 h after the surgery. RESULTS The intestinal permeability and BT were higher in the IO group when compared with the Sham group (P < 0.05). Arginine supplementation reduced intestinal permeability and BT to physiologic levels. Histological analysis showed mucosal ileum preservation in animals treated with arginine. CONCLUSION Arginine was able to preserve barrier integrity, thus reducing BT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirelle L Viana
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Souza DG, Amaral FA, Fagundes CT, Coelho FM, Arantes RME, Sousa LP, Matzuk MM, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Dias AA, Teixeira MM. The long pentraxin PTX3 is crucial for tissue inflammation after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in mice. Am J Pathol 2009; 174:1309-18. [PMID: 19286566 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The pentraxin superfamily is a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins that play important roles in the immune system. The long pentraxin PTX3 protein was originally described as able to be induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli in a variety of cell types. In this study, we evaluated the phenotype of Ptx3(-/-) mice subjected to ischemia followed by reperfusion of the superior mesenteric artery. In reperfused wild-type mice, there was significant local and remote injury as demonstrated by increases in vascular permeability, neutrophil influx, nuclear factor-kappaB activation, and production of CXCL1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. PTX3 levels were elevated in both serum and intestine after reperfusion. In Ptx3(-/-) mice, local and remote tissue injury was inhibited, and there were decreased nuclear factor-kappaB translocation and cytokine production. Intestinal architecture was preserved, and there were decreased neutrophil influx and significant prevention of lethality in Ptx3(-/-) mice as well. PTX3 given intravenously before reperfusion reversed the protection observed in Ptx3(-/-) mice in a dose-dependent manner, and PTX3 administration significantly worsened tissue injury and lethality in wild-type mice. In conclusion, our studies demonstrate a major role for PTX3 in determining acute reperfusion-associated inflammation, tissue injury, and lethality and suggest the soluble form of this molecule is active in this system. Therapeutic blockade of PTX3 action may be useful in the control of the injuries associated with severe ischemia and reperfusion syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle G Souza
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627 Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
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Dos Santos AC, Roffê E, Arantes RME, Juliano L, Pesquero JL, Pesquero JB, Bader M, Teixeira MM, Carvalho-Tavares J. Kinin B2 receptor regulates chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 expression and modulates leukocyte recruitment and pathology in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2008; 5:49. [PMID: 18986535 PMCID: PMC2596102 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-5-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 11/05/2008] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Kinins are important mediators of inflammation and act through stimulation of two receptor subtypes, B1 and B2. Leukocyte infiltration contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS), occurring not only in multiple sclerosis (MS) but also in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We have previously shown that the chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 play an important role in the adhesion of leukocytes to the brain microcirculation in EAE. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relevance of B2 receptors to leukocyte-endothelium interactions in the cerebral microcirculation, and its participation in CNS inflammation in the experimental model of myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG)35–55-induced EAE in mice. Methods In order to evaluate the role of B2 receptor in the cerebral microvasculature we used wild-type (WT) and kinin B2 receptor knockout (B2-/-) mice subjected to MOG35–55-induced EAE. Intravital microscopy was used to investigate leukocyte recruitment on pial matter vessels in B2-/- and WT EAE mice. Histological documentation of inflammatory infiltrates in brain and spinal cords was correlated with intravital findings. The expression of CCL5 and CCL2 in cerebral tissue was assessed by ELISA. Results Clinical parameters of disease were reduced in B2-/- mice in comparison to wild type EAE mice. At day 14 after EAE induction, there was a significant decrease in the number of adherent leukocytes, a reduction of cerebral CCL5 and CCL2 expressions, and smaller inflammatory and degenerative changes in B2-/- mice when compared to WT. Conclusion Our results suggest that B2 receptors have two major effects in the control of EAE severity: (i) B2 regulates the expression of chemokines, including CCL2 and CCL5, and (ii) B2 modulates leukocyte recruitment and inflammatory lesions in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana C Dos Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Sales PA, Golgher D, Oliveira RV, Vieira V, Arantes RME, Lannes-Vieira J, Gazzinelli RT. The regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells have a limited role on pathogenesis of infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Microbes Infect 2008; 10:680-8. [PMID: 18485782 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2007] [Revised: 03/13/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports have established an important role of CD4+CD25+ T cells in the immune regulation of infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders and cancer. In the present work, we investigated whether these cells had a regulatory role during Trypanosoma cruzi infection, using the Colombian strain. Inactivation of CD4+CD25+ cells in vivo conferred mice slightly more resistant to infection with the Colombian strain of T. cruzi, as evidenced by lower parasitemia and mortality rates. The augmented resistance to infection with Colombian strain did correlate with increased activation of effector CD4 cells. It was antibody-independent, since no difference in levels of IgM, IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a(b) recognizing T. cruzi antigens was observed throughout the infection of CD25-inactivated and control mice. Regarding pathogenesis, inflammatory infiltrate and frequency of CD4 and CD8 T cells or macrophages in the cardiac tissue was similar in both groups. Together, our data indicate that CD4+CD25+ cells have a limited role on host resistance during early T. cruzi infection. Despite exhaustive investigation, we did not observe any role for these regulatory cells in the pathogenesis of experimental chronic Chagas' disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Policarpo A Sales
- Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Belo Horizonte, Núcleo de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Agero U, Arantes RME, Lacerda-Queiroz N, Mesquita ON, Magalhães A, Sanchez EF, Carvalho-Tavares J. Effect of mutalysin II on vascular recanalization after thrombosis induction in the ear of the hairless mice model. Toxicon 2007; 50:698-706. [PMID: 17681580 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2007] [Revised: 06/01/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mutalysin II (mut-II) is an alpha-fibrinogenase isolated from Lachesis muta muta (bushmaster) snake venom. The enzyme lyses fibrin clots in vitro, and this activity does not depend on plasminogen activation. The aim of this study was to assess by intravital microscopy the effect of Mutalysin II on the recanalization of microvessels after thrombus induction in the ears of hairless mice. Photochemical thrombus formation was induced after i.v. injection of 5% fluorescein isothiocyanate labelled dextran (FITC-dextran) followed by mercury light exposure of individual microvessels of the ear of five anesthetized animals. Video playback analysis of intravital microscopy images of the ear microcirculation permitted us to measure blood flow velocity (microm/s) under control conditions (before thrombus formation) in the ear microvessels. Thirty minutes after thrombus formation (blood flow velocity stopped completely), each animal (n=5) was infused with Mutalysin II (2.0 mg/kg, i.v.). All animals treated with Mutalysin II showed evident thrombolysis after approximately 12 min, followed by recanalization. A separate group of mice (n=5) which received urokinase type-plasminogen activator (u-PA, 250 U/mouse, i.v.) showed blood flow restoration within the same interval (12 min). These in vivo data suggest that Mutalysin II has the potential to be an effective thrombolytic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubirajara Agero
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Ciência Exatas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Martins FS, Rodrigues ACP, Tiago FCP, Penna FJ, Rosa CA, Arantes RME, Nardi RMD, Neves MJ, Nicoli JR. Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 905 reduces the translocation of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium and stimulates the immune system in gnotobiotic and conventional mice. J Med Microbiol 2007; 56:352-359. [PMID: 17314366 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46525-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous results in the laboratory of the authors showed that Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 905, isolated during 'cachaça' production, was able to colonize and survive in the gastrointestinal tract of germ-free and conventional mice, and to protect these animals against oral challenge with Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium or Clostridium difficile. In the present work, the effects of S. cerevisiae 905 on the translocation of Salm. Typhimurium (mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, spleen, liver) as well as on the immune system (number of Küpffer cells, immunoglobulin production, clearance of Escherichia coli B41) were evaluated in gnotobiotic and/or conventional mice. The treatment with the yeast reduced significantly the translocation of Salm. Typhimurium to liver in gnotobiotic animals and to all the organs tested in conventional mice. The number of Küpffer cells per 100 hepatocytes in liver was significantly higher (P<0.05) in yeast mono-associated mice (52.9+/-15.7) than in germ-free controls (38.1+/-9.0). Probably as a consequence, clearance of E. coli B41 from the bloodstream was more efficient in yeast mono-associated animals when compared to germ-free mice. Higher levels (P<0.05) of secretory IgA in intestinal content and of IgA and IgM in serum were observed in yeast mono-associated mice when compared to germ-free group. Concluding, the protection against pathogenic bacteria observed in a previous study was probably due to a modulation of both local and systemic immunity of mice treated with S. cerevisiae 905.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaviano S Martins
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear/Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CDTN/CNEN), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, 30161-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, 30161-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana C P Tiago
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, 30161-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Francisco J Penna
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, 30161-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, 30161-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosa M E Arantes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, 30161-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Regina M D Nardi
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, 30161-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria J Neves
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear/Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CDTN/CNEN), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jacques R Nicoli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, 30161-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Nakano V, Gomes DA, Arantes RME, Nicoli JR, Avila-Campos MJ. Evaluation of the pathogenicity of the Bacteroides fragilis toxin gene subtypes in gnotobiotic mice. Curr Microbiol 2006; 53:113-7. [PMID: 16832728 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-005-0321-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2005] [Accepted: 04/10/2006] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) strains produce a metalloprotease toxin (BFT) related to diarrheal disease in animals, young children, and adults. Three different isoforms of the enterotoxin, designated BFT-1, BFT-2, and BFT-3, have been identified and sequenced. In the present study, the pathogenicity of the ETBF strains carrying bft-1 or bft-2 was evaluated. Each toxin gene subtype of ETBF (bft-1 or bft-2) was intragastrically monoassociated to germ-free mice during 10 days and histopathological data from intestines and liver compared with those from mice monoassociated to a non-enterotoxigenic B. fragilis. Histopathological alterations were observed in all groups of animals related to ETBF. These alterations were characterized mainly by ulceration, edema, and inflammatory infiltration in intestine. However, these lesions were slightly more severe in mice monoassociated with bft-2 subtype. No alteration or lesion was observed in animals associated with the non-enterotoxigenic B. fragilis. In conclusion, strains harboring bft-1 or bft-2 gene subtypes were able to induce histopathological alterations in intestine of a gnotobiotic mice model and it could explain the effect produced for the enterotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Nakano
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
Neurite outgrowth is mediated by the exocytosis of intracellular vesicles at the tips of elongating neuronal processes. The lysosomal vesicle-associated soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor tetanus neurotoxin insensitive vesicle-associated membrane protein (TI-VAMP)/VAMP7 was previously implicated in membrane fusion events mediating neurite outgrowth, but the participation of lysosomes in this exocytic process has remained unclear. Here, we show that VAMP7 and the lysosomal glycoprotein Lamp1 extensively colocalize in vesicles present throughout the soma and neurite outgrowths of primary sympathetic neurons. Synaptotagmin VII (Syt VII), a Ca(2+)-sensing synaptotagmin isoform previously shown to interact with VAMP7 during lysosomal exocytosis in fibroblasts, was detected on a subset of these lysosomal glycoprotein 1 (Lamp1)/VAMP7-positive neuronal vesicles. Ionophore-stimulated exocytosis triggered exposure of the luminal domains of both Lamp1 and Syt VII at overlapping sites on the neuronal surface, indicating that the Syt VII-containing lysosomal compartments fuse with the plasma membrane in response to [Ca2+]i elevation. To determine whether Syt VII was required for the exocytic events mediating neurite extension, we followed the development of superior cervical ganglion neurons explanted from Syt VII-deficient mice. The results revealed a marked defect in neurite outgrowth and arborization, suggesting that Ca(2+)-dependent, Syt VII-regulated exocytosis of late endosomes/lysosomes plays a role in the addition of new membrane to developing neurite extensions.
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Portugal LR, Gonçalves JL, Fernandes LR, Silva HPS, Arantes RME, Nicoli JR, Vieira LQ, Alvarez-Leite JI. Effect of Lactobacillus delbrueckii on cholesterol metabolism in germ-free mice and on atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E knock-out mice. Braz J Med Biol Res 2006; 39:629-35. [PMID: 16648901 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2006000500010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood cholesterol is an important risk factor associated with atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Several studies have reported a decrease in serum cholesterol during the consumption of large doses of fermented dairy products or lactobacillus strains. The proposed mechanism for this effect is the removal or assimilation of intestinal cholesterol by the bacteria, reducing cholesterol absorption. Although this effect was demonstrated in vitro, its relevance in vivo is still controversial. Furthermore, few studies have investigated the role of lactobacilli in atherogenesis. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of Lactobacillus delbrueckii on cholesterol metabolism in germ-free mice and the possible hypocholesterolemic and antiatherogenic action of these bacteria using atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E (apo E) knock-out (KO) mice. For this purpose, Swiss/NIH germ-free mice were monoassociated with L. delbrueckii and fed a hypercholesterolemic diet for four weeks. In addition, apo E KO mice were fed a normal chow diet and treated with L. delbrueckii for 6 weeks. There was a reduction in cholesterol excretion in germ-free mice, which was not associated with changes in blood or liver cholesterol concentration. In apo E KO mice, no effect of L. delbrueckii was detected in blood, liver or fecal cholesterol. The atherosclerotic lesion in the aorta was also similar in mice receiving or not these bacteria. In conclusion, these results suggest that, although L. delbrueckii treatment was able to reduce cholesterol excretion in germ-free mice, no hypocholesterolemic or antiatherogenic effect was observed in apo E KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Portugal
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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da Silveira ABM, Arantes RME, Vago AR, Lemos EM, Adad SJ, Correa-Oliveira R, D'Avila Reis D. Comparative study of the presence of Trypanosoma cruzi kDNA, inflammation and denervation in chagasic patients with and without megaesophagus. Parasitology 2006; 131:627-34. [PMID: 16255821 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182005008061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2005] [Revised: 04/06/2005] [Accepted: 04/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal lesions have been considered the hallmark of chagasic megaesophagus, but the role of Trypanosoma cruzi and the participation of the inflammatory cells in this process are still debated. In the present study we counted neurons in the oesophagus from patients with and without megaesophagus and further examined these samples for the presence of parasite kDNA and cells with cytolytic potential (Natural Killer cells, cytotoxic lymphocytes and macrophages). The presence of parasite kDNA was demonstrated in 100% of cases with megaesophagus and in 60% of patients without megaesophagus. When analysed for the number of neurons, the patients without megaesophagus could be classified into 2 groups, as having normal or a decreased number of neurons. The former group did not show any inflammatory process, but interestingly, all patients without megaesophagus presenting decreased number of neurons also presented both parasite kDNA and inflammatory process in the organ. We further observed that the numbers of cytotoxic cells in the myenteric plexus region inversely correlate with the number of neurons. These data together strongly suggest that chronic lesions in chagasic megaesophagus might be a consequence of immune-mediated mechanisms, that last until the chronic phase of infection, and are dependent on the persistence of parasite in the host's tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B M da Silveira
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Gomes KN, Freitas SMAC, Pais TM, Fietto JLR, Totola AH, Arantes RME, Martins A, Lucas C, Schuller D, Casal M, Castro IM, Fietto LG, Brandão RL. Deficiency of Pkc1 activity affects glycerol metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 2005; 5:767-76. [PMID: 15851105 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsyr.2005.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2004] [Revised: 01/04/2005] [Accepted: 01/17/2005] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C is apparently involved in the control of many cellular systems: the cell wall integrity pathway, the synthesis of ribosomes, the appropriated reallocation of transcription factors under specific stress conditions and also the regulation of N-glycosylation activity. All these observations suggest the existence of additional targets not yet identified. In the context of the control of carbon metabolism, previous data had demonstrated that Pkc1p might play a central role in the control of cellular growth and metabolism in yeast. In particular, it has been suggested that it might be involved in the derepression of genes under glucose-repression by driving an appropriated subcellular localization of transcriptional factors, such as Mig1p. In this work, we show that a pkc1Delta mutant is unable to grow on glycerol because it cannot perform the derepression of the GUT1 gene that encodes glycerol kinase. Additionally, active transport is also partially affected. Using this phenotype, we were able to isolate a new pkc1Delta revertant. We also isolated two transformants identified as the nuclear exportin Msn5 and the histone deacetylase Hos2 extragenic suppressors of this mutation. Based on these results, we postulate that Pkc1p may be involved in the control of the cellular localization and/or regulation of the activity of nuclear proteins implicated in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia N Gomes
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Deparatmento de Farmácia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus do Morro do Cruzeiro, 35.400-000 Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
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38
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Martins FS, Nardi RMD, Arantes RME, Rosa CA, Neves MJ, Nicoli JR. Screening of yeasts as probiotic based on capacities to colonize the gastrointestinal tract and to protect against enteropathogen challenge in mice. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2005; 51:83-92. [PMID: 15942869 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.51.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are defined as viable microorganisms that exhibit a beneficial effect on the host's health when they are ingested. Two important criteria are used for selection of probiotic microorganisms: they must be able to survive in the gastrointestinal environment and to present at least one beneficial function (colonization resistance, immunomodulation or nutritional contribution). Generally, in vitro assays demonstrating these properties were used to select probiotics but it is unclear if the data can be extrapolated to in vivo conditions. In the present work, twelve Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from different environments (insect association, tropical fruit, cheese and "aguardente" production) and pre-selected for in vitro resistance to simulated gastrointestinal conditions were inoculated in germ-free mice to evaluate their real capacity to colonize the mammal digestive tract. Using these data, one of the yeasts (S. cerevisiae 905) was selected and tested in gnotobiotic (GN) and conventional (CV) mice for its capacity to protect against oral challenge with two enteropathogenic bacteria (Salmonella Typhimurium and Clostridium difficile). The yeast reached populational levels potentially functional in the gastrointestinal portions where the enteropathogens tested act. No antagonism against either pathogenic bacterium by the yeast was observed in the digestive tract of GN mice but, after challenge with S. Typhimurium, mortality was lower and liver tissue was better preserved in CV animals treated with the yeast when compared with a control group (p<0.05). Histopathological results of intestines showed that the yeast also presented a good protective effect against oral challenge with C. difficile in GN mice (p<0.05). In conclusion, among the 12 S. cerevisiae tested, strain 905 showed the best characteristics to be used as a probiotic as demonstrated by survival capacity in the gastrointestinal tract and protective effect of animals during experimental infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flariano S Martins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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39
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Mansur DS, Kroon EG, Nogueira ML, Arantes RME, Rodrigues SCO, Akira S, Gazzinelli RT, Campos MA. Lethal encephalitis in myeloid differentiation factor 88-deficient mice infected with herpes simplex virus 1. Am J Pathol 2005; 166:1419-26. [PMID: 15855642 PMCID: PMC1606396 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)62359-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), a large DNA virus from the Herpesviridae family, is the major cause of sporadic lethal encephalitis and blindness in humans. Recent studies have shown the importance of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immune response to HSV-1 infection. Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is a critical adaptor protein that is downstream to mediated TLR activation and is essential for the production of inflammatory cytokines. Here, we studied the relationship between MyD88 and HSV-1 using a purified HSV-1 isolated from a natural oral recurrent human infection. We observed the activation of TLR-2 by HSV-1 in vitro using Chinese hamster ovary cells stably transfected with a reporter gene. Interestingly, we found that only peritoneal macrophages from MyD88-/- mice, but not macrophages from TRL2-/- or from wild-type mice, were unable to produce tumor necrosis factor-alpha in response to HSV-1 exposure. Additionally, although TLR2-/- mice showed no enhanced susceptibility to intranasal infection with HSV-1, MyD88-/- mice were highly susceptible to infection and displayed viral migration to the brain, severe neuropathological signs of encephalitis, and 100% mortality by day 10 after infection. Together, our results suggest that innate resistance to HSV-1 is mediated by MyD88 and may rely on activation of multiple TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Mansur
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
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Silva AM, Barbosa FHF, Duarte R, Vieira LQ, Arantes RME, Nicoli JR. Effect of Bifidobacterium longum ingestion on experimental salmonellosis in mice. J Appl Microbiol 2004; 97:29-37. [PMID: 15186439 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02265.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The effect of lactic acid bacteria on the immune system is well established under normal conditions and generally by in vivo determinations, but few data are available, in vivo, during an infectious challenge. The objective of this study was to obtain data on the putative protective role of bifidobacteria upon challenge with an intestinal pathogen. METHODS AND RESULTS The effect of oral treatment with Bifidobacterium longum Bb46 on intragastric challenge with Salmonella Typhimurium was studied. Faecal bacterial levels were determined in gnotobiotic (GN) mice and mortality, histopathology (intestines, liver), immunoglobulin levels (IgM, IgG, IgG1, IgG2a) and cytokine production (IFN-gamma, IL-10) were determined in conventional (CV) mice. Conventional mice received 0.1 ml probiotic milk (10(8) CFU) daily, 10 days before the oral pathogenic challenge (10(2) CFU). Then, probiotic treatment was continued until the end of the experiment. Probiotic treatment in germ-free mice consisted of a single dose at the beginning of the experiment. Control groups were treated with sterile skim milk and submitted to the same procedure. A higher survival (40%) was observed for probiotic-treated animals when compared with the control group (0%). This protective effect was confirmed by the histopathological and morphometric data. However, S. Typhimurium population levels in the faeces were similar among control and probiotic-treated groups. During the challenge with S. Typhimurium, a decrease in IFN-gamma and IgG2a productions was observed in probiotic-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS The protective effect against the pathogenic challenge may be due to a reduced inflammatory response, mediated by the probiotic treatment, but not to a population antagonism. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Results suggest that dietary supplementation with B. longum could provide benefits against enteric infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Silva
- Departmento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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41
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Botelho FV, Enéas LR, Cesar GC, Bizzotto CS, Tavares E, Oliveira FA, Gloria MBA, Silvestre MPC, Arantes RME, Alvarez-Leite JI. Effects of eggplant (Solanum melongena) on the atherogenesis and oxidative stress in LDL receptor knock out mice (LDLR−/−). Food Chem Toxicol 2004; 42:1259-67. [PMID: 15207376 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2004.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2003] [Accepted: 03/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Eggplant (Solanum melongena) has been used as hypocholesterolemic agent in many countries. However, few controlled studies were addressed to this subject and atherogenesis. We have evaluated the effect of eggplant on cholesterol metabolism and atherogenesis in LDLR(-/-) mice. Animals were fed on chow (n=17) or atherogenic (n=21) diet during 12 weeks receiving water (control) or eggplant extract. Liver, serum and fecal lipids, together with serum lipoproteins were measured. Oxidative stress was evaluated through conjugate diene formation and ox-LDL antibodies by enzyme immunoassay. Atherosclerotic lesions were measured in different sites of aorta. Total cholesterol and atherogenic lipoproteins did not decrease after eggplant intake. Animals receiving eggplant and chow diet showed increased anti-ox-LDL antibodies and a decreased lag phase of conjugated diene formation, indicating a higher oxidative stress than controls. No differences were seen in lesion area of aortic valve. Eggplant extract had high histamine and other amine levels that could enhance LDL oxidation and its endocytosis. Eggplant did not decrease plasma cholesterol nor prevent the development of atherosclerosis in LDLR(-/-) mice. Surprisingly, eggplant increased oxidative stress, representing a risk factor for atherosclerosis. These results did not support the use of eggplant extract as hypocholesterolemic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise V Botelho
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 30.161-970, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
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Lima-Filho JVM, Vieira LQ, Arantes RME, Nicoli JR. Effect of the Escherichia coli EMO strain on experimental infection by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in gnotobiotic mice. Braz J Med Biol Res 2004; 37:1005-13. [PMID: 15264007 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2004000700009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An experimental infection with Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium was evaluated in gnotobiotic mice previously exposed to a plasmid-free non-pathogenic Escherichia coli (EMO strain). Mice were exposed to EMO (experimental) or not (control) 10 days before challenge with Salmonella Typhimurium (10(2) colony forming units (CFU)/mouse). Survival after challenge was higher (P < 0.05) in the experimental group (16%) than in the control animals (0%). Histopathological examination of the colon and ileum mucosa of the experimental group showed less extensive lesions such as edema, cell inflammatory infiltration and hyperemia. The epithelial cells of the mucosal surface and the production of the mucous layer were also better preserved in the experimental group. The population levels of Salmonella Typhimurium in the feces were initially 10-fold lower (P < 0.05) in the experimental groups. However, 3 days after challenge both experimental and control groups showed similar population levels ranging from 10(8) to 10(9) CFU/g of feces. The intestinal contents of total and anti-Salmonella Typhimurium sIgA were higher in the experimental groups 10 days after inoculation of E. coli EMO strain. Translocation of Salmonella Typhimurium to the spleen was 10-fold lower (P < 0.05) in the experimental group only on day 3 after infection. This was not related to an increase in the bacterial blood clearance of the animals, as shown by experimental venous challenge with E. coli B41. In conclusion, treatment of mice with E. coli EMO strain promoted a relative protection against experimental infection with Salmonella Typhimurium. This protection was not due to the reduction of the population of pathogens in the intestine but was probably related to stimulation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V M Lima-Filho
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
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43
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Portugal LR, Fernandes LR, Cesar GC, Santiago HC, Oliveira DR, Silva NM, Silva AA, Lannes-Vieira J, Arantes RME, Gazzinelli RT, Alvarez-Leite JI. Infection with Toxoplasma gondii increases atherosclerotic lesion in ApoE-deficient mice. Infect Immun 2004; 72:3571-6. [PMID: 15155666 PMCID: PMC415665 DOI: 10.1128/iai.72.6.3571-3576.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan that elicits a potent inflammatory response during the acute phase of infection. Herein, we evaluate whether T. gondii infection alters the natural course of aortic lesions. ApoE knockout mice were infected with T. gondii, and at 5 weeks of infection, serum, feces, and liver cholesterol; aortic lesion size, cellularity, and inflammatory cytokines; and levels of serum nitrite and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) were analyzed. Our results showed that serum cholesterol and atherogenic lipoproteins were reduced after T. gondii infection. The reduction of serum levels of total cholesterol and atherogenic lipoproteins was associated with increases in the aortic lesion area, numbers of inflammatory cells, and expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA in the site of lesions as well as elevated concentrations of IFN-gamma and nitrite in sera of T. gondii-infected animals. These results suggest that infection with T. gondii accelerates atherosclerotic development by stimulating the proinflammatory response and oxidative stress, thereby increasing the area of aortic lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane R Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Arantes RME, Marche HHF, Bahia MT, Cunha FQ, Rossi MA, Silva JS. Interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide causes intrinsic intestinal denervation in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice. Am J Pathol 2004; 164:1361-8. [PMID: 15039223 PMCID: PMC1615344 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2003] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the role of nitric oxide (NO) in neuronal destruction during acute-phase Trypanosoma cruzi infection was evaluated in male C57BL/6 (WT, wild-type) mice and knockout mice [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)(-/-) and interferon (IFN)(-/-)]. Selected animals were infected by intraperitoneal injection of 100 trypomastigote forms of the Y strain of T. cruzi. Others were injected intraperitoneally with an equal volume of saline solution and served as controls. Our findings support those of previous studies regarding myenteric denervation in acute-phase T. cruzi infection. In addition, we clearly demonstrate that, despite the fact that parasite nests and similar inflammatory infiltrate in the intestinal wall were more pronounced in infected iNOS(-/-) mice than in infected WT mice, the former presented no reduction in myenteric plexus neuron numbers. Neuronal nerve profile expression, as revealed by the general nerve marker PGP 9.5, was preserved in all knockout animals. Infected IFN(-/-) mice suffered no significant neuronal loss and there was no inflammatory infiltrate in the intestinal wall. On days 5 and 10 after infection, iNOS activity was greater in infected WT mice than in controls, whereas iNOS activity in infected knockout mice remained unchanged. These findings clearly demonstrate that neuronal damage does not occur in NO-impaired infected knockout mice, regardless of whether inflammatory infiltrate is present (iNOS(-/-)) or absent (IFN(-/-)). In conclusion, our observations strongly indicate that myenteric denervation in acute-phase T. cruzi infection is because of IFN-gamma-elicited NO production resulting from iNOS activation in the inflammatory foci along the intestinal wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M E Arantes
- Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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45
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Peluzio MCG, Miguel E, Drumond TC, César GC, Santiago HC, Teixeira MM, Vieira EC, Arantes RME, Alvarez-Leite JI. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 involvement in the alpha-tocopherol-induced reduction of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Br J Nutr 2003; 90:3-11. [PMID: 12844369 DOI: 10.1079/bjn2003870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effects of alpha-tocopheryl acetate supplementation on the development of fatty streaks and its ability to modulate the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 in aortic lesions of apolipoprotein E knockout mice. For this purpose, 16-week-old apolipoprotein E knockout mice received alpha-tocopherol supplementation (800 mg)/kg diet) for 6 weeks. After this time, total and lipoprotein cholesterol in the serum, hepatic tocopherol, aortic lesion area and MCP-1 (protein and mRNA) expression were analysed. Our present results showed that the dietary supplementation with alpha-tocopherol did not reduce serum cholesterol nor change lipoprotein profile, but it reduced the area of the aortic lesion by 55 %. The reduction in the lesion size was correlated with the reduced expression of MCP-1 mRNA and protein, as detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry respectively. In conclusion, the results obtained here are relevant to the study of atherosclerosis, as they correlate the effectiveness of vitamin E supplementation in inhibiting the plaque formation with diminished expression of MCP-1 at the aortic lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C G Peluzio
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 30 161-970, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil
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