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Wang L, Mu M, Guo Y, Huang J, Zhang R, Zhang M, Hu Y, Wang Y, Gao Z, Liu L, Wang W, Cheng Y, Zhu X, Liu J, Wang W, Ying S. PD-1/PD-L1 Provides Protective Role in Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling. Hypertension 2024; 81:1822-1836. [PMID: 38853755 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a T helper 17 cell response-driven disease, and PD-1 (programmed cell death 1)/PD-L1 (programmed cell death-ligand 1) inhibitor-associated pulmonary hypertension has been reported recently. This study is designed to explore whether the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway participates in HPH via regulating endothelial dysfunction and T helper 17 cell response. METHODS Lung tissue samples were obtained from eligible patients. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence techniques were used to assess protein expression, while immunoprecipitation was utilized to detect ubiquitination. HPH models were established in C57BL/6 WT (wild-type) and PD-1-/- mice, followed by treatment with PD-L1 recombinant protein. Adeno-associated virus vector delivery was used to upregulate PD-L1 in the endothelial cells. Endothelial cell function was assessed through assays for cell angiogenesis and adhesion. RESULTS Expression of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway was downregulated in patients with HPH and mouse models, with a notable decrease in PD-L1 expression in endothelial cells compared with the normoxia group. In comparison to WT mice, PD-1-/- mice exhibited a more severe HPH phenotype following exposure to hypoxia, However, administration of PD-L1 recombinant protein and overexpression of PD-L1 in lung endothelial cells mitigated HPH. In vitro, blockade of PD-L1 with a neutralizing antibody promoted endothelial cell angiogenesis, adhesion, and pyroptosis. Mechanistically, hypoxia downregulated PD-L1 protein expression through ubiquitination. Additionally, both in vivo and in vitro, PD-L1 inhibited T helper 17 cell response through the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/AKT (protein kinase B)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway in HPH. CONCLUSIONS PD-1/PD-L1 plays a role in ameliorating HPH development by inhibiting T helper 17 cell response through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and improving endothelial dysfunction, suggesting a novel therapeutic indication for PD-1/PD-L1-based immunomodulatory therapies in the treatment of HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China (L.W.)
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (L.W., Y.G., R.Z., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., L.L., Wang Wang, J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mi Mu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (M.M.)
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.G., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (L.W., Y.G., R.Z., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., L.L., Wang Wang, J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China (J.H., Y.W.)
| | - Ruoyang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (L.W., Y.G., R.Z., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., L.L., Wang Wang, J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing (R.Z.)
| | - Muzhi Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.G., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (L.W., Y.G., R.Z., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., L.L., Wang Wang, J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.G., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (L.W., Y.G., R.Z., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., L.L., Wang Wang, J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China (J.H., Y.W.)
| | - Zhenqiang Gao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.G., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (L.W., Y.G., R.Z., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., L.L., Wang Wang, J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.G., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (L.W., Y.G., R.Z., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., L.L., Wang Wang, J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.G., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (L.W., Y.G., R.Z., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., L.L., Wang Wang, J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuli Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.C., X.Z.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - XinPing Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.C., X.Z.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.G., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (L.W., Y.G., R.Z., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., L.L., Wang Wang, J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.G., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (L.W., Y.G., R.Z., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., L.L., Wang Wang, J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sun Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.G., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (L.W., Y.G., R.Z., M.Z., Y.H., Z.G., L.L., Wang Wang, J.L., Wei Wang, S.Y.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Chocarro L, Blanco E, Fernandez-Rubio L, Garnica M, Zuazo M, Garcia MJ, Bocanegra A, Echaide M, Johnston C, Edwards CJ, Legg J, Pierce AJ, Arasanz H, Fernandez-Hinojal G, Vera R, Ausin K, Santamaria E, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Kochan G, Escors D. PD-1/LAG-3 co-signaling profiling uncovers CBL ubiquitin ligases as key immunotherapy targets. EMBO Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s44321-024-00098-y. [PMID: 39030301 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00098-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Many cancer patients do not benefit from PD-L1/PD-1 blockade immunotherapies. PD-1 and LAG-3 co-upregulation in T-cells is one of the major mechanisms of resistance by establishing a highly dysfunctional state in T-cells. To identify shared features associated to PD-1/LAG-3 dysfunctionality in human cancers and T-cells, multiomic expression profiles were obtained for all TCGA cancers immune infiltrates. A PD-1/LAG-3 dysfunctional signature was found which regulated immune, metabolic, genetic, and epigenetic pathways, but especially a reinforced negative regulation of the TCR signalosome. These results were validated in T-cell lines with constitutively active PD-1, LAG-3 pathways and their combination. A differential analysis of the proteome of PD-1/LAG-3 T-cells showed a specific enrichment in ubiquitin ligases participating in E3 ubiquitination pathways. PD-1/LAG-3 co-blockade inhibited CBL-B expression, while the use of a bispecific drug in clinical development also repressed C-CBL expression, which reverted T-cell dysfunctionality in lung cancer patients resistant to PD-L1/PD-1 blockade. The combination of CBL-B-specific small molecule inhibitors with anti-PD-1/anti-LAG-3 immunotherapies demonstrated notable therapeutic efficacy in models of lung cancer refractory to immunotherapies, overcoming PD-1/LAG-3 mediated resistance.
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Grants
- FIS PI20/00010 MEC | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
- FIS PI23/00196 MEC | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
- COV20/00237 MEC | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
- FI21/00080 MEC | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
- TRANSPOCART ICI19/00069 MEC | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
- PFIS,FI21/00080 MEC | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
- BMED 050-2019 Departamento de Salud, Gobierno de Navarra (Department of Health, Government of Navarra)
- BMED 51-2021 Departamento de Salud, Gobierno de Navarra (Department of Health, Government of Navarra)
- BMED 036-2023 Departamento de Salud, Gobierno de Navarra (Department of Health, Government of Navarra)
- PROYE16001ESC Fundación Científica Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer (AECC)
- AGATA,0011-1411-2020-000013 Dirección General de Industria, Energia y Proyectos Estrategicos S3, Gobierno de Navarra (Department of Industry of the Government of Navarra)
- LINTERNA,0011-1411-2020-000033 Dirección General de Industria, Energia y Proyectos Estrategicos S3, Gobierno de Navarra (Department of Industry of the Government of Navarra)
- DESCARTHES,0011-1411-2019-000058 Dirección General de Industria, Energia y Proyectos Estrategicos S3, Gobierno de Navarra (Department of Industry of the Government of Navarra)
- ARNMUNE,0011-1411-2023-000101 Dirección General de Industria, Energia y Proyectos Estrategicos S3, Gobierno de Navarra (Department of Industry of the Government of Navarra)
- ISOLDA,grant agreement 848166 EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (H2020)
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Chocarro
- OncoImmunology Unit, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Ester Blanco
- OncoImmunology Unit, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leticia Fernandez-Rubio
- OncoImmunology Unit, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maider Garnica
- OncoImmunology Unit, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miren Zuazo
- OncoImmunology Unit, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Jesus Garcia
- OncoImmunology Unit, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Bocanegra
- OncoImmunology Unit, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miriam Echaide
- OncoImmunology Unit, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Colette Johnston
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd., Meditrina Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Carolyn J Edwards
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd., Meditrina Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - James Legg
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd., Meditrina Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Andrew J Pierce
- Crescendo Biologics Ltd., Meditrina Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Hugo Arasanz
- Medical Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Oncobiona Unit, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Fernandez-Hinojal
- Medical Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruth Vera
- Medical Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Karina Ausin
- Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaria
- Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joaquin Fernandez-Irigoyen
- Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Grazyna Kochan
- OncoImmunology Unit, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - David Escors
- OncoImmunology Unit, Navarrabiomed - Fundación Miguel Servet, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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3
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Zhao J, Wang Z, Tian Y, Ning J, Ye H. T cell exhaustion and senescence for ovarian cancer immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2024:S1044-579X(24)00046-4. [PMID: 39032717 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a common gynecological malignancy, and its treatment remains challenging. Although ovarian cancer may respond to immunotherapy because of endogenous immunity at the molecular or T cell level, immunotherapy has so far not had the desired effect. The functional status of preexisting T cells is an indispensable determinant of powerful antitumor immunity and immunotherapy. T cell exhaustion and senescence are two crucial states of T cell dysfunction, which share some overlapping phenotypic and functional features, but each status possesses unique molecular and developmental signatures. It has been widely accepted that exhaustion and senescence of T cells are important strategies for cancer cells to evade immunosurveillance and maintain the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Herein, this review summarizes the phenotypic and functional features of exhaust and senescent T cells, and describes the key drivers of the two T cell dysfunctional states in the tumor microenvironment and their functional roles in ovarian cancer. Furthermore, we present a summary of the molecular machinery and signaling pathways governing T cell exhaustion and senescence. Possible strategies that can prevent and/or reverse T cell dysfunction are also explored. An in-depth understanding of exhausted and senescent T cells will provide novel strategies to enhance immunotherapy of ovarian cancer through redirecting tumor-specific T cells away from a dysfunctional developmental trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhao
- Department of Gynecology Surgery 3, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhongmiao Wang
- Department of Digestive Diseases 1, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingying Tian
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy 2, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Ning
- Department of General Internal Medicine (VIP Ward), Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, China.
| | - Huinan Ye
- Department of Digestive Diseases 1, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, China.
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4
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Strazza M, Song R, Hiner S, Mor A. Changing the location of proteins on the cell surface is a promising strategy for modulating T cell functions. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 38952142 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting immune receptors on T cells is a common strategy to treat cancer and autoimmunity. Frequently, this is accomplished through monoclonal antibodies targeting the ligand binding sites of stimulatory or inhibitory co-receptors. Blocking ligand binding prevents downstream signalling and modulates specific T cell functions. Since 1985, the FDA has approved over 100 monoclonal antibodies against immune receptors. This therapeutic approach significantly improved the care of patients with numerous immune-related conditions; however, many patients are unresponsive, and some develop immune-related adverse events. One reason for that is the lack of consideration for the localization of these receptors on the cell surface of the immune cells in the context of the immune synapse. In addition to blocking ligand binding, changing the location of these receptors on the cell surface within the different compartments of the immunological synapse could serve as an alternative, efficient, and safer approach to treating these patients. This review discusses the potential therapeutic advantages of altering proteins' localization within the immune synapse and summarizes published work in this field. It also discusses the novel use of bispecific antibodies to induce the clustering of receptors on the cell surface. It presents the rationale for developing novel antibodies, targeting the organization of signalling receptor complexes on the cell surface. This approach offers an innovative and emerging technology to treat cancer patients resistant to current immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Strazza
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ruijiang Song
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shannon Hiner
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam Mor
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Yin Q, Ni J, Ying J. Potential mechanisms and targeting strategies of the gut microbiota in antitumor immunity and immunotherapy. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1263. [PMID: 39031507 PMCID: PMC11259004 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapies, notably immune checkpoints inhibitors that target programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), had profoundly changed the way advanced and metastatic cancers are treated and dramatically improved overall and progression-free survival. AIMS This review article aimed to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the gut microbiota affects antitumor immunity and the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. METHODS We summarized the latest knowledge supporting the associations among the gut microbiota, antitumor immunity, and immunotherapy. Moreover, we disscussed the therapeutic strategy for improving immunotherapy efficacy by modulating gut microbiota in cancer treatment. RESULTS The potential molecular mechanisms underlying these associations are explained in terms of four aspects: immunomodulation, molecular mimicry, mamps, and microbial metabolites. CONCLUSION The gut microbiota significantly impacts antitumor immunity and alters the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yin
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)HangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jiao‐jiao Ni
- Department of Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary & Gastric Medical OncologyZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Jie‐er Ying
- Department of Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary & Gastric Medical OncologyZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouChina
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Chmiest D, Podavini S, Ioannidou K, Vallois D, Décaillet C, Gonzalez M, Quadroni M, Blackney K, Schairer R, de Leval L, Thome M. PD1 inhibits PKCθ-dependent phosphorylation of cytoskeleton-related proteins and immune synapse formation. Blood Adv 2024; 8:2908-2923. [PMID: 38513140 PMCID: PMC11176957 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The inhibitory surface receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) is a major target for antibody-based cancer immunotherapies. Nevertheless, a substantial number of patients fail to respond to the treatment or experience adverse effects. An improved understanding of intracellular pathways targeted by PD1 is thus needed to develop better predictive and prognostic biomarkers. Here, via unbiased phosphoproteome analysis of primary human T cells, we demonstrate that PD1 triggering inhibited the phosphorylation and physical association with protein kinase Cθ (PKCθ) of a variety of cytoskeleton-related proteins. PD1 blocked activation and recruitment of PKCθ to the forming immune synapse (IS) in a Src homology-2 domain-containing phosphatase-1/2 (SHP1/SHP2)-dependent manner. Consequently, PD1 engagement led to impaired synaptic phosphorylation of cytoskeleton-related proteins and formation of smaller IS. T-cell receptor induced phosphorylation of the PKCθ substrate and binding partner vimentin was long-lasting and it could be durably inhibited by PD1 triggering. Vimentin phosphorylation in intratumoral T cells also inversely correlated with the levels of the PD1 ligand, PDL1, in human lung carcinoma. Thus, PKCθ and its substrate vimentin represent important targets of PD1-mediated T-cell inhibition, and low levels of vimentin phosphorylation may serve as a biomarker for the activation of the PD1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Chmiest
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Podavini
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Kalliopi Ioannidou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Vallois
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Décaillet
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | - Manfredo Quadroni
- Protein Analysis Facility, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Blackney
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Department of Formation and Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Rebekka Schairer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Margot Thome
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
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Jelača S, Jovanovic I, Bovan D, Pavlovic S, Gajovic N, Dunđerović D, Dajić-Stevanović Z, Acović A, Mijatović S, Maksimović-Ivanić D. Antimelanoma Effects of Alchemilla vulgaris: A Comprehensive In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Diseases 2024; 12:125. [PMID: 38920557 PMCID: PMC11202689 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12060125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the rich ethnobotanical and growing evidence-based medicine records, the Alchemillae herba, i.e., the upper parts of the Lady's mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris L.), was used for the assessment of antimelanoma activity. The ethanolic extract of A. vulgaris strongly suppressed the viability of B16F1, B16F10, 518A2, and Fem-X cell lines. In contrast to the in vitro study, where the B16F1 cells were more sensitive to the treatment than the more aggressive counterpart B16F10, the results obtained in vivo using the corresponding syngeneic murine model were quite the opposite. The higher sensitivity of B16F10 tumors in vivo may be attributed to a more complex response to the extract compared to one triggered in vitro. In addition, the strong immunosuppressive microenvironment in the B16F1 model is impaired by the treatment, as evidenced by enhanced antigen-presenting potential of dendritic cells, influx and activity of CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes, decreased presence of T regulatory lymphocytes, and attenuation of anti-inflammatory cytokine production. All these effects are supported by the absence of systemic toxicity. A. vulgaris extract treatment results in a sustained and enhanced ability to reduce melanoma growth, followed by the restoration of innate and adopted antitumor immunity without affecting the overall physiology of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Jelača
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.J.); (D.B.)
| | - Ivan Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.J.); (S.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Dijana Bovan
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.J.); (D.B.)
| | - Sladjana Pavlovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.J.); (S.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Nevena Gajovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.J.); (S.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Duško Dunđerović
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Zora Dajić-Stevanović
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandar Acović
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.J.); (D.B.)
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.J.); (D.B.)
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8
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Pitts SC, Schlom J, Donahue RN. Soluble immune checkpoints: implications for cancer prognosis and response to immune checkpoint therapy and conventional therapies. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:155. [PMID: 38822401 PMCID: PMC11141022 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal sampling of tumor tissue from patients with solid cancers, aside from melanoma and a few other cases, is often unfeasible, and thus may not capture the plasticity of interactions between the tumor and immune system under selective pressure of a given therapy. Peripheral blood analyses provide salient information about the human peripheral immunome while offering technical and practical advantages over traditional tumor biopsies, and should be utilized where possible alongside interrogation of the tumor. Some common blood-based biomarkers used to study the immune response include immune cell subsets, circulating tumor DNA, and protein analytes such as cytokines. With the recent explosion of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) as a modality of treatment in multiple cancer types, soluble immune checkpoints have become a relevant area of investigation for peripheral immune-based biomarkers. However, the exact functions of soluble immune checkpoints and their roles in cancer for the most part remain unclear. This review discusses current literature on the production, function, and expression of nine soluble immune checkpoints - sPD-L1, sPD-1, sCTLA4, sCD80, sTIM3, sLAG3, sB7-H3, sBTLA, and sHVEM - in patients with solid tumors, and explores their role as biomarkers of response to ICI as well as to conventional therapies (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and surgery) in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Pitts
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Renee N Donahue
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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9
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Ghosh S, Finnemann SC, Vollrath D, Rothlin CV. In the Eyes of the Beholder-New Mertk Knockout Mouse and Re-Evaluation of Phagocytosis versus Anti-Inflammatory Functions of MERTK. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5299. [PMID: 38791338 PMCID: PMC11121519 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Greg Lemke's laboratory was one of the pioneers of research into the TAM family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Not only was Tyro3 cloned in his laboratory, but his group also extensively studied mice knocked out for individual or various combinations of the TAM RTKs Tyro3, Axl, and Mertk. Here we primarily focus on one of the paralogs-MERTK. We provide a historical perspective on rodent models of loss of Mertk function and their association with retinal degeneration and blindness. We describe later studies employing mouse genetics and the generation of newer knockout models that point out incongruencies with the inference that loss of MERTK-dependent phagocytosis is sufficient for severe, early-onset photoreceptor degeneration in mice. This discussion is meant to raise awareness with regards to the limitations of the original Mertk knockout mouse model generated using 129 derived embryonic stem cells and carrying 129 derived alleles and the role of these alleles in modifying Mertk knockout phenotypes or even displaying Mertk-independent phenotypes. We also suggest molecular approaches that can further Greg Lemke's scintillating legacy of dissecting the molecular functions of MERTK-a protein that has been described to function in phagocytosis as well as in the negative regulation of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Silvia C. Finnemann
- Center for Cancer, Genetic Diseases and Gene Regulation, Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY 10458, USA;
| | - Douglas Vollrath
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Carla V. Rothlin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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10
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Benevolo Savelli C, Bisio M, Legato L, Fasano F, Santambrogio E, Nicolosi M, Morra D, Boccomini C, Freilone R, Botto B, Novo M. Advances in Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment: From Molecular Biology to Clinical Practice. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1830. [PMID: 38791909 PMCID: PMC11120540 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) is a highly curable disease, but around 20% of patients experience progression or relapse after standard frontline chemotherapy regimens. Salvage regimens followed by autologous stem cell transplants represent the historical treatment approach for these cases. In the last decade, with the increasing understanding of cHL biology and tumor microenvironment role in disease course, novel molecules have been introduced in clinical practice, improving outcomes in the relapsed/refractory setting. The anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugated brentuximab vedotin and PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors represent nowadays curative options for chemorefractory patients, and randomized trials recently demonstrated their efficacy in frontline immune-chemo-combined modalities. Several drugs able to modulate the patients' T-lymphocytes and NK cell activity are under development, as well as many anti-CD30 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell products. Multiple tumor aberrant epigenetic mechanisms are being investigated as targets for antineoplastic compounds such as histone deacetylase inhibitors and hypomethylating agents. Moreover, JAK2 inhibition combined with anti-PD1 blockade revealed a potential complementary therapeutic pathway in cHL. In this review, we will summarize recent findings on cHL biology and novel treatment options clinically available, as well as promising future perspectives in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Benevolo Savelli
- Hematology Division, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, C.so Bramante 88, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.B.); (L.L.); (F.F.); (E.S.); (M.N.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.F.); (B.B.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mattia Novo
- Hematology Division, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, C.so Bramante 88, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.B.); (L.L.); (F.F.); (E.S.); (M.N.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.F.); (B.B.)
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11
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Ren Z, Yang K, Zhu L, Yin D, Zhou Y. Regulatory T cells as crucial trigger and potential target for hyperprogressive disease subsequent to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade for cancer treatment. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111934. [PMID: 38574701 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy has brought great success to cancer treatment. Nevertheless, limited beneficiary populations and even hyperprogressive disease (HPD) greatly constrain the application of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in clinical treatment. HPD is a special pattern of disease progression with rapid tumor growth and even serious consequences of patient death, which requires urgent attention. Among the many predisposing causes of HPD, regulatory T cells (Tregs) are suspected because they are amplified in cases of HPD. Tregs express PD-1 thus PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy may have an impact on Tregs which leads to HPD. Tregs are a subset of CD4+ T cells expressing FoxP3 and play critical roles in suppressing immunity. Tregs migrate toward tumors in the presence of chemokines to suppress antitumor immune responses, causing cancer cells to grow and proliferate. Studies have shown that deleting Tregs could enhance the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy and reduce the occurrence of HPD. This suggests that immunotherapy combined with Treg depletion may be an effective means of avoiding HPD. In this review, we summarized the immunosuppressive-related functions of Tregs in antitumor therapy and focused on advances in therapy combining Tregs depletion with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in clinical studies. Moreover, we provided an outlook on Treg-targeted HPD early warning for PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
| | - Kaiqing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Detao Yin
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Yubing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
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12
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Mierzwicka JM, Petroková H, Kafková LR, Kosztyu P, Černý J, Kuchař M, Petřík M, Bendová K, Krasulová K, Groza Y, Vaňková L, Bharadwaj S, Panova N, Křupka M, Škarda J, Raška M, Malý P. Engineering PD-1-targeted small protein variants for in vitro diagnostics and in vivo PET imaging. J Transl Med 2024; 22:426. [PMID: 38711085 PMCID: PMC11071268 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) belongs to immune checkpoint proteins ensuring negative regulation of the immune response. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the sensitivity to treatment with anti-PD-1 therapeutics, and its efficacy, mostly correlated with the increase of tumor infiltrating PD-1+ lymphocytes. Due to solid tumor heterogeneity of PD-1+ populations, novel low molecular weight anti-PD-1 high-affinity diagnostic probes can increase the reliability of expression profiling of PD-1+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in tumor tissue biopsies and in vivo mapping efficiency using immune-PET imaging. METHODS We designed a 13 kDa β-sheet Myomedin scaffold combinatorial library by randomization of 12 mutable residues, and in combination with ribosome display, we identified anti-PD-1 Myomedin variants (MBA ligands) that specifically bound to human and murine PD-1-transfected HEK293T cells and human SUP-T1 cells spontaneously overexpressing cell surface PD-1. RESULTS Binding affinity to cell-surface expressed human and murine PD-1 on transfected HEK293T cells was measured by fluorescence with LigandTracer and resulted in the selection of most promising variants MBA066 (hPD-1 KD = 6.9 nM; mPD-1 KD = 40.5 nM), MBA197 (hPD-1 KD = 29.7 nM; mPD-1 KD = 21.4 nM) and MBA414 (hPD-1 KD = 8.6 nM; mPD-1 KD = 2.4 nM). The potential of MBA proteins for imaging of PD-1+ populations in vivo was demonstrated using deferoxamine-conjugated MBA labeled with 68Galium isotope. Radiochemical purity of 68Ga-MBA proteins reached values 94.7-99.3% and in vitro stability in human serum after 120 min was in the range 94.6-98.2%. The distribution of 68Ga-MBA proteins in mice was monitored using whole-body positron emission tomography combined with computerized tomography (PET/CT) imaging up to 90 min post-injection and post mortem examined in 12 mouse organs. The specificity of MBA proteins was proven by co-staining frozen sections of human tonsils and NSCLC tissue biopsies with anti-PD-1 antibody, and demonstrated their potential for mapping PD-1+ populations in solid tumors. CONCLUSIONS Using directed evolution, we developed a unique set of small binding proteins that can improve PD-1 diagnostics in vitro as well as in vivo using PET/CT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Maria Mierzwicka
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Petroková
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Leona Rašková Kafková
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Zdravotníků 248/7, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kosztyu
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Zdravotníků 248/7, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Černý
- Laboratory of Structural Bioinformatics of Proteins, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Kuchař
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Petřík
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 5, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Bendová
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 5, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Krasulová
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 5, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Yaroslava Groza
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vaňková
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Shiv Bharadwaj
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Natalya Panova
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Křupka
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Zdravotníků 248/7, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Škarda
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Zdravotníků 248/7, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Raška
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Zdravotníků 248/7, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Malý
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic.
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13
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Gao M, Shi J, Xiao X, Yao Y, Chen X, Wang B, Zhang J. PD-1 regulation in immune homeostasis and immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216726. [PMID: 38401888 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Harnessing the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis is pivotal in autoimmunity and cancer immunotherapy. PD-1 receptors on immune cells engage with one of its ligands, PD-L1 or PD-L2, expressed on antigen-presenting cells or tumor cells, driving T-cell dysfunction and tumor immune escape. Thus, targeting PD-1/PD-L1 revitalizes cytotoxic T cells for cancer elimination. However, a majority of cancer patients don't respond to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, and the underlying mechanisms remain partially understood. Recent studies have revealed that PD-1 expression levels or modifications impact the effectiveness of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatments. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms governing PD-1 expression and modifications is crucial for innovating therapeutic strategies to enhance the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition. This article presents a comprehensive overview of advancements in PD-1 regulation and highlights their potential in modulating immune homeostasis and cancer immunotherapy, aiming to refine clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minling Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center of Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center of Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiangling Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center of Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yingmeng Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center of Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jinfang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center of Immunology and Metabolism, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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14
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Perez-Quintero LA, Abidin BM, Tremblay ML. Immunotherapeutic implications of negative regulation by protein tyrosine phosphatases in T cells: the emerging cases of PTP1B and TCPTP. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1364778. [PMID: 38707187 PMCID: PMC11066278 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1364778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of inflammation, T cell activation occurs by the concerted signals of the T cell receptor (TCR), co-stimulatory receptors ligation, and a pro-inflammatory cytokine microenvironment. Fine-tuning these signals is crucial to maintain T cell homeostasis and prevent self-reactivity while offering protection against infectious diseases and cancer. Recent developments in understanding the complex crosstalk between the molecular events controlling T cell activation and the balancing regulatory cues offer novel approaches for the development of T cell-based immunotherapies. Among the complex regulatory processes, the balance between protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) and the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) controls the transcriptional and metabolic programs that determine T cell function, fate decision, and activation. In those, PTPs are de facto regulators of signaling in T cells acting for the most part as negative regulators of the canonical TCR pathway, costimulatory molecules such as CD28, and cytokine signaling. In this review, we examine the function of two close PTP homologs, PTP1B (PTPN1) and T-cell PTP (TCPTP; PTPN2), which have been recently identified as promising candidates for novel T-cell immunotherapeutic approaches. Herein, we focus on recent studies that examine the known contributions of these PTPs to T-cell development, homeostasis, and T-cell-mediated immunity. Additionally, we describe the signaling networks that underscored the ability of TCPTP and PTP1B, either individually and notably in combination, to attenuate TCR and JAK/STAT signals affecting T cell responses. Thus, we anticipate that uncovering the role of these two PTPs in T-cell biology may lead to new treatment strategies in the field of cancer immunotherapy. This review concludes by exploring the impacts and risks that pharmacological inhibition of these PTP enzymes offers as a therapeutic approach in T-cell-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Perez-Quintero
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Belma Melda Abidin
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel L. Tremblay
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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15
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Yuan Z, Zhang M, Chang L, Chen X, Ruan S, Shi S, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Li H, Li S. Discovery of a novel SHP2 allosteric inhibitor using virtual screening, FMO calculation, and molecular dynamic simulation. J Mol Model 2024; 30:131. [PMID: 38613643 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05935-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT SHP2 is a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase to remove tyrosine phosphorylation. Functionally, SHP2 is an essential bridge to connect numerous oncogenic cell-signaling cascades including RAS-ERK, PI3K-AKT, JAK-STAT, and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways. This study aims to discover novel and potent SHP2 inhibitors using a hierarchical structure-based virtual screening strategy that combines molecular docking and the fragment molecular orbital method (FMO) for calculating binding affinity (referred to as the Dock-FMO protocol). For the SHP2 target, the FMO method prediction has a high correlation between the binding affinity of the protein-ligand interaction and experimental values (R2 = 0.55), demonstrating a significant advantage over the MM/PBSA (R2 = 0.02) and MM/GBSA (R2 = 0.15) methods. Therefore, we employed Dock-FMO virtual screening of ChemDiv database of ∼2,990,000 compounds to identify a novel SHP2 allosteric inhibitor bearing hydroxyimino acetamide scaffold. Experimental validation demonstrated that the new compound (E)-2-(hydroxyimino)-2-phenyl-N-(piperidin-4-ylmethyl)acetamide (7188-0011) effectively inhibited SHP2 in a dose-dependent manner. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analysis revealed the binding stability of compound 7188-0011 and the SHP2 protein, along with the key interacting residues in the allosteric binding site. Overall, our work has identified a novel and promising allosteric inhibitor that targets SHP2, providing a new starting point for further optimization to develop more potent inhibitors. METHODS All the molecular docking studies were employed to identify potential leads with Maestro v10.1. The protein-ligand binding affinities of potential leads were further predicted by FMO calculations at MP2/6-31G* level using GAMESS v2020 system. MD simulations were carried out with AmberTools18 by applying the FF14SB force field. MD trajectories were analyzed using VMD v1.9.3. MM/GB(PB)SA binding free energy analysis was carried out with the mmpbsa.py tool of AmberTools18. The docking and MD simulation results were visualized through PyMOL v2.5.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Manzhan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Longfeng Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Ruan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Honglin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China.
- Innovation Center for AI and Drug Discovery, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Shiliang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China.
- Innovation Center for AI and Drug Discovery, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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16
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Funk MA, Heller G, Waidhofer-Söllner P, Leitner J, Steinberger P. Inhibitory CARs fail to protect from immediate T cell cytotoxicity. Mol Ther 2024; 32:982-999. [PMID: 38384128 PMCID: PMC11163222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) equipped with an inhibitory signaling domain (iCARs) have been proposed as strategy to increase on-tumor specificity of CAR-T cell therapies. iCARs inhibit T cell activation upon antigen recognition and thereby program a Boolean NOT gate within the CAR-T cell. If cancer cells do not express the iCAR target antigen while it is highly expressed on healthy tissue, CAR/iCAR coexpressing T cells are supposed to kill cancer cells but not healthy cells expressing the CAR antigen. In this study, we employed a well-established reporter cell system to demonstrate high potency of iCAR constructs harboring BTLA-derived signaling domains. We then created CAR/iCAR combinations for the clinically relevant antigen pairs B7-H3/CD45 and CD123/CD19 and show potent reporter cell suppression by iCARs targeting CD45 or CD19. In primary human T cells αCD19-iCARs were capable of suppressing T cell proliferation and cytokine production. Surprisingly, the iCAR failed to veto immediate CAR-mediated cytotoxicity. Likewise, T cells overexpressing PD-1 or BTLA did not show impaired cytotoxicity toward ligand-expressing target cells, indicating that inhibitory signaling by these receptors does not mediate protection against cytotoxicity by CAR-T cells. Future approaches employing iCAR-equipped CAR-T cells for cancer therapy should therefore monitor off-tumor reactivity and potential CAR/iCAR-T cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian A Funk
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Division for Immune Receptors and T Cell Activation, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital LMU Munich, Department of Medicine III, Munich, Germany; Gene Center, LMU Munich, Cancer and Immunometabolism Research Group, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich Site and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerwin Heller
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Waidhofer-Söllner
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Division for Immune Receptors and T Cell Activation, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith Leitner
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Division for Immune Receptors and T Cell Activation, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Division for Immune Receptors and T Cell Activation, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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17
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Yang Y, Chen Z, Zhou J, Jiang S, Wang G, Wan L, Yu J, Jiang M, Wang Y, Hu J, Liu X, Wang Y. Anti-PD-1 treatment protects against seizure by suppressing sodium channel function. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14504. [PMID: 37904722 PMCID: PMC11017438 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) typically serves as a target for immunotherapies, a few recent studies have found that PD-1 is expressed in the nervous system and that neuronal PD-1 might play a crucial role in regulating neuronal excitability. However, whether brain-localized PD-1 is involved in seizures and epileptogenesis is still unknown and worthy of in-depth exploration. METHODS The existence of PD-1 in human neurons was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, and PD-1 expression levels were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Chemoconvulsants, pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and cyclothiazide (CTZ), were applied for the establishment of in vivo (rodents) and in vitro (primary hippocampal neurons) models of seizure, respectively. SHR-1210 (a PD-1 monoclonal antibody) and sodium stibogluconate (SSG, a validated inhibitor of SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 [SHP-1]) were administrated to investigate the impact of PD-1 pathway blockade on epileptic behaviors of rodents and epileptiform discharges of neurons. A miRNA strategy was applied to determine the impact of PD-1 knockdown on neuronal excitability. The electrical activities and sodium channel function of neurons were determined by whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. The interaction between PD-1 and α-6 subunit of human voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.6) was validated by performing co-immunostaining and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) experiments. RESULTS Our results reveal that PD-1 protein and mRNA levels were upregulated in lesion cores compared with perifocal tissues of surgically resected specimens from patients with intractable epilepsy. Furthermore, we show that anti-PD-1 treatment has anti-seizure effects both in vivo and in vitro. Then, we reveal that PD-1 blockade can alter the electrophysiological properties of sodium channels. Moreover, we reveal that PD-1 acts together with downstream SHP-1 to regulate sodium channel function and hence neuronal excitability. Further investigation suggests that there is a direct interaction between neuronal PD-1 and Nav1.6. CONCLUSION Our study reveals that neuronal PD-1 plays an important role in epilepsy and that anti-PD-1 treatment protects against seizures by suppressing sodium channel function, identifying anti-PD-1 treatment as a novel therapeutic strategy for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Yang
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhiyun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Rehabilitation CenterShenzhen Second People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Shize Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Rehabilitation CenterShenzhen Second People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Jiangning Yu
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yulong Wang
- Rehabilitation CenterShenzhen Second People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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18
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Liu R, Li HF, Li S. PD-1-mediated inhibition of T cell activation: Mechanisms and strategies for cancer combination immunotherapy. CELL INSIGHT 2024; 3:100146. [PMID: 38425643 PMCID: PMC10901852 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2024.100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint of co-inhibitory signaling plays crucial roles in controlling the magnitude and duration of T cell activation to limit tissue damage and maintain self-tolerance. Cancer cells hijack the co-inhibitory pathway and escape immune surveillance by overexpressing the PD-1 ligand PD-L1. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-1 blocking antibody have been approved for tumor immunotherapy. However, not all patients can benefit from PD-1 monotherapy. Combination immunotherapy based on PD-1 axis blockade substantially improves clinical anti-tumor efficacy. In this review, we briefly summarize the current progress on the mechanisms of PD-1-mediated inhibition of T cell activation and strategies for cancer combination immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hui-Fang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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19
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Wang M, Chen S, He X, Yuan Y, Wei X. Targeting inflammation as cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:13. [PMID: 38520006 PMCID: PMC10960486 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has accompanied human beings since the emergence of wounds and infections. In the past decades, numerous efforts have been undertaken to explore the potential role of inflammation in cancer, from tumor development, invasion, and metastasis to the resistance of tumors to treatment. Inflammation-targeted agents not only demonstrate the potential to suppress cancer development, but also to improve the efficacy of other therapeutic modalities. In this review, we describe the highly dynamic and complex inflammatory tumor microenvironment, with discussion on key inflammation mediators in cancer including inflammatory cells, inflammatory cytokines, and their downstream intracellular pathways. In addition, we especially address the role of inflammation in cancer development and highlight the action mechanisms of inflammation-targeted therapies in antitumor response. Finally, we summarize the results from both preclinical and clinical studies up to date to illustrate the translation potential of inflammation-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manni Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Block3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Block3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei He
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Block3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Block3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Caruso B, Weeder BR, Thompson RF, Moran AE. PD-1 Limits IL-2 Production and Thymic Regulatory T Cell Development. Immunohorizons 2024; 8:281-294. [PMID: 38551395 PMCID: PMC10985057 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory proteins, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), have been studied extensively in peripheral T cell responses to foreign Ags, self-Ags, and neoantigens. Notably, these proteins are first expressed during T cell development in the thymus. Reports suggest that PD-1 limits regulatory T cell (Treg) development, but the mechanism by which PD-1 exerts this function remains unknown. The present study expands the evaluation of murine PD-1 and its ligands in the thymus, demonstrating that some of the highest expressers of PD-1 and programmed death-ligand 1 are agonist selected cells. Surprisingly, we reveal a selective role for PD-1 in regulating the developmental niche only for Tregs because other agonist selected cell populations, such as NK T cells, remain unchanged. We also ruled out PD-1 as a regulator of proliferation or cell death of agonist selected Tregs and further demonstrated that PD-1-deficient Tregs have reduced TCR signaling. Unexpectedly, the data suggest that PD-1-deficient thymocytes produce elevated levels of IL-2, a Treg niche-limiting cytokine. Collectively, these data suggest a novel role for PD-1 in regulating IL-2 production and the concurrent agonist selection of murine thymic Tregs. This observation has implications for the use of checkpoint blockade in the context of cancer and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanna Caruso
- Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Benjamin R. Weeder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Reid F. Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
- Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland,OR
| | - Amy E. Moran
- Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
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21
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Ntsethe A, Mkhwanazi ZA, Dludla PV, Nkambule BB. B Cell Subsets and Immune Checkpoint Expression in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:1731-1740. [PMID: 38534728 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by dysfunctional B cells. Immune checkpoint molecules such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) are upregulated in patients with CLL and may correlate with prognostic markers such as beta-2 microglobulin (B2M). The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of immune checkpoints on B cell subsets and to further correlate them with B2M levels in patients with CLL. We recruited 21 patients with CLL and 12 controls. B cell subsets and the levels of immune checkpoint expression were determined using conventional multi-color flow cytometry. Basal levels of B2M in patients with CLL were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients with CLL had increased levels of activated B cells when compared to the control group, p < 0.001. The expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 were increased on activated B cells and memory B cells, p < 0.05. There were no associations between B2M levels and the measured immune checkpoints on B cell subsets, after adjusting for sex and age. In our cohort, the patients with CLL expressed elevated levels of PD-1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoints on activated and memory B cell subsets. However, there was no correlation between these immune checkpoint expressions and B2M levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviwe Ntsethe
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Zekhethelo Alondwe Mkhwanazi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Phiwayinkosi Vusi Dludla
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
| | - Bongani Brian Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
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22
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Abramenko N, Vellieux F, Veselá K, Kejík Z, Hajduch J, Masařík M, Babula P, Hoskovec D, Pacák K, Martásek P, Smetana K, Jakubek M. Investigation of the potential effects of estrogen receptor modulators on immune checkpoint molecules. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3043. [PMID: 38321096 PMCID: PMC10847107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints regulate the immune system response. Recent studies suggest that flavonoids, known as phytoestrogens, may inhibit the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. We explored the potential of estrogens and 17 Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) as inhibiting ligands for immune checkpoint proteins (CTLA-4, PD-L1, PD-1, and CD80). Our docking studies revealed strong binding energy values for quinestrol, quercetin, and bazedoxifene, indicating their potential to inhibit PD-1 and CTLA-4. Quercetin and bazedoxifene, known to modulate EGFR and IL-6R alongside estrogen receptors, can influence the immune checkpoint functionality. We discuss the impact of SERMs on PD-1 and CTLA-4, suggesting that these SERMs could have therapeutic effects through immune checkpoint inhibition. This study highlights the potential of SERMs as inhibitory ligands for immune checkpoint proteins, emphasizing the importance of considering PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibition when evaluating SERMs as therapeutic agents. Our findings open new avenues for cancer immunotherapy by exploring the interaction between various SERMs and immune checkpoint pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Abramenko
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 120 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fréderic Vellieux
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 120 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Veselá
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 120 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Kejík
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 120 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hajduch
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masařík
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 120 00, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Babula
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Hoskovec
- 1st Department of Surgery-Department of Abdominal, Thoracic Surgery and Traumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, U Nemocnice 2, 121 08, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Pacák
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 1-3140, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Pavel Martásek
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 120 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jakubek
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic.
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 120 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
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23
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Biemond M, Vremec D, Gray DHD, Hodgkin PD, Heinzel S. Programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) ligand Fc fusion proteins reduce T-cell proliferation in vitro independently of PD-1. Immunol Cell Biol 2024; 102:117-130. [PMID: 38069638 PMCID: PMC10952853 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) is an inhibitory receptor on T cells shown to restrain T-cell proliferation. PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a highly promising approach in cancer treatment. Much of our understanding of the function of PD-1 is derived from in vitro T-cell activation assays. Here we set out to further investigate how T cells integrate inhibitory signals such as PD-1 in vitro using the PD-1 agonist, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) fusion protein (PD-L1.Fc), coimmobilized alongside anti-CD3 agonist monoclonal antibody (mAb) on plates to deliver PD-1 signals to wild-type and PD-1-/- CD8+ T cells. Surprisingly, we found that the PD-L1.Fc fusion protein inhibited T-cell proliferation independently of PD-1. This PD-L1.Fc inhibition was observed in the presence and absence of CD28 and interleukin-2 signaling. Binding of PD-L1.Fc was restricted to PD-1-expressing T cells and thus inhibition was not mediated by the interaction of PD-L1.Fc with CD80 or other yet unknown binding partners. Furthermore, a similar PD-1-independent reduction of T-cell proliferation was observed with plate-bound PD-L2.Fc. Hence, our results suggest that the coimmobilization of PD-1 ligand fusion proteins with anti-CD3 mAb leads to a reduction of T-cell engagement with plate-bound anti-CD3 mAb. This study demonstrates a nonspecific mechanism of T-cell inhibition when PD-L1.Fc or PD-L2.Fc fusion proteins are delivered in a plate-bound coimmobilization assay and highlights the importance of careful optimization of assay systems and reagents when interpreting their influence on T-cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Biemond
- Immunology DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVICAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
- Present address:
Department of ImmunologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - David Vremec
- Immunology DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Daniel HD Gray
- Immunology DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVICAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Philip D Hodgkin
- Immunology DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVICAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Susanne Heinzel
- Immunology DivisionWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVICAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
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24
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Hou B, Hu Y, Zhu Y, Wang X, Li W, Tang J, Jia X, Wang J, Cong Y, Quan M, Yang H, Zheng H, Bao Y, Chen XL, Wang HR, Xu B, Gascoigne NRJ, Fu G. SHP-1 Regulates CD8+ T Cell Effector Function but Plays a Subtle Role with SHP-2 in T Cell Exhaustion Due to a Stage-Specific Nonredundant Functional Relay. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:397-409. [PMID: 38088801 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
SHP-1 (Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1) is a well-known negative regulator of T cells, whereas its close homolog SHP-2 is the long-recognized main signaling mediator of the PD-1 inhibitory pathway. However, recent studies have challenged the requirement of SHP-2 in PD-1 signaling, and follow-up studies further questioned the alternative idea that SHP-1 may replace SHP-2 in its absence. In this study, we systematically investigate the role of SHP-1 alone or jointly with SHP-2 in CD8+ T cells in a series of gene knockout mice. We show that although SHP-1 negatively regulates CD8+ T cell effector function during acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection, it is dispensable for CD8+ T cell exhaustion during chronic LCMV infection. Moreover, in contrast to the mortality of PD-1 knockout mice upon chronic LCMV infection, mice double deficient for SHP-1 and SHP-2 in CD8+ T cells survived without immunopathology. Importantly, CD8+ T cells lacking both phosphatases still differentiate into exhausted cells and respond to PD-1 blockade. Finally, we found that SHP-1 and SHP-2 suppressed effector CD8+ T cell expansion at the early and late stages, respectively, during chronic LCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanyan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaocui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wanyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xian Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Minxue Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Haiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuzhou Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hong-Rui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Nicholas R J Gascoigne
- Immunology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guo Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xiamen University; Xiamen, China
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25
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Salmond RJ. Targeting Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases to Improve Cancer Immunotherapies. Cells 2024; 13:231. [PMID: 38334623 PMCID: PMC10854786 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Advances in immunotherapy have brought significant therapeutic benefits to many cancer patients. Nonetheless, many cancer types are refractory to current immunotherapeutic approaches, meaning that further targets are required to increase the number of patients who benefit from these technologies. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) have long been recognised to play a vital role in the regulation of cancer cell biology and the immune response. In this review, we summarize the evidence for both the pro-tumorigenic and tumour-suppressor function of non-receptor PTPs in cancer cells and discuss recent data showing that several of these enzymes act as intracellular immune checkpoints that suppress effective tumour immunity. We highlight new data showing that the deletion of inhibitory PTPs is a rational approach to improve the outcomes of adoptive T cell-based cancer immunotherapies and describe recent progress in the development of PTP inhibitors as anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Salmond
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
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26
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Li F, Wang Y, Chen D, Du Y. Nanoparticle-Based Immunotherapy for Reversing T-Cell Exhaustion. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1396. [PMID: 38338674 PMCID: PMC10855737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
T-cell exhaustion refers to a state of T-cell dysfunction commonly observed in chronic infections and cancer. Immune checkpoint molecules blockading using PD-1 and TIM-3 antibodies have shown promising results in reversing exhaustion, but this approach has several limitations. The treatment of T-cell exhaustion is still facing great challenges, making it imperative to explore new therapeutic strategies. With the development of nanotechnology, nanoparticles have successfully been applied as drug carriers and delivery systems in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Furthermore, nanoparticle-based immunotherapy has emerged as a crucial approach to reverse exhaustion. Here, we have compiled the latest advances in T-cell exhaustion, with a particular focus on the characteristics of exhaustion that can be targeted. Additionally, the emerging nanoparticle-based delivery systems were also reviewed. Moreover, we have discussed, in detail, nanoparticle-based immunotherapies that aim to reverse exhaustion, including targeting immune checkpoint blockades, remodeling the tumor microenvironment, and targeting the metabolism of exhausted T cells, etc. These data could aid in comprehending the immunopathogenesis of exhaustion and accomplishing the objective of preventing and treating chronic diseases or cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Yahong Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.W.); (D.C.)
| | - Dandan Chen
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.W.); (D.C.)
| | - Yunjie Du
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
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27
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Evmorfopoulos K, Marsitopoulos K, Karachalios R, Karathanasis A, Dimitropoulos K, Tzortzis V, Zachos I, Vlachostergios PJ. The Immune Landscape and Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Platinum-Refractory Testicular Germ Cell Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:428. [PMID: 38275869 PMCID: PMC10814346 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are cancers with very good prognosis, even in the metastatic setting, with high curative potential mainly attributed to the introduction of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. However, approximately 15% of the patients develop platinum-refractory disease and suffer multiple relapses. Therefore, there is an unmet need for novel therapeutic agents with improved efficacy and minimal long-term side effects. Recent advances in the development of immunotherapeutic agents, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have offered an opportunity to test their activity in various tumor types, including GCTs. This review aims to analyze the immune microenvironment of these tumors and present the most recently available data from studies that have tested immunotherapeutic agents against GCTs. The majority of the available knowledge derives from case reports or small cohort studies, particularly those involving ICIs of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis alone or in combination with anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies. Other immunotherapeutic targeted approaches, including antibody-drug conjugates, antibody prodrugs, vaccines, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, have biological rationales and have shown preliminary activity or are currently being tested. Growing evidence on these and other approaches will assist in broadening the currently limited treatment armamentarium against platinum-refractory TGCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Evmorfopoulos
- Department of Urology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece (V.T.)
| | - Konstantinos Marsitopoulos
- Department of Urology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece (V.T.)
| | - Raphael Karachalios
- Department of Urology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece (V.T.)
| | - Athanasios Karathanasis
- Department of Urology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece (V.T.)
| | | | - Vassilios Tzortzis
- Department of Urology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece (V.T.)
| | - Ioannis Zachos
- Department of Urology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece (V.T.)
| | - Panagiotis J. Vlachostergios
- Department of Urology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece (V.T.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, IASO Thessalias Hospital, 41500 Larissa, Greece
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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28
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Feng H, Feng J, Han X, Ying Y, Lou W, Liu L, Zhang L. The Potential of Siglecs and Sialic Acids as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Tumor Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:289. [PMID: 38254780 PMCID: PMC10813689 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of sialic acid is closely associated with oncogenesis and tumor progression. Most tumor cells exhibit sialic acid upregulation. Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are receptors that recognize sialic acid and are expressed in various immune cells. The activity of Siglecs in the tumor microenvironment promotes immune escape, mirroring the mechanisms of the well-characterized PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in cancer. Cancer cells utilize sialic acid-linked glycans to evade immune surveillance. As Siglecs exhibit similar mechanisms as the established immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), they are potential therapeutic targets for different forms of cancer, especially ICI-resistant malignancies. Additionally, the upregulation of sialic acid serves as a potential tumor biomarker. This review examines the feasibility of using sialic acid and Siglecs for early malignant tumor detection and discusses the potential of targeting Siglec-sialic acid interaction as a novel cancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haokang Feng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiale Feng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Ying
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenhui Lou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- The Shanghai Geriatrics Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital MinHang MeiLong Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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29
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Poirier A, Ormonde JVS, Aubry I, Abidin BM, Feng CH, Martinez-Cordova Z, Hincapie AM, Wu C, Pérez-Quintero LA, Wang CL, Gingras AC, Madrenas J, Tremblay ML. The induction of SHP-1 degradation by TAOK3 ensures the responsiveness of T cells to TCR stimulation. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eadg4422. [PMID: 38166031 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adg4422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Thousand-and-one-amino acid kinase 3 (TAOK3) is a serine and threonine kinase that belongs to the STE-20 family of kinases. Its absence reduces T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and increases the interaction of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1, a major negative regulator of proximal TCR signaling, with the kinase LCK, a component of the core TCR signaling complex. Here, we used mouse models and human cell lines to investigate the mechanism by which TAOK3 limits the interaction of SHP-1 with LCK. The loss of TAOK3 decreased the survival of naïve CD4+ T cells by dampening the transmission of tonic and ligand-dependent TCR signaling. In mouse T cells, Taok3 promoted the secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in response to TCR activation in a manner that depended on Taok3 gene dosage and on Taok3 kinase activity. TCR desensitization in Taok3-/- T cells was caused by an increased abundance of Shp-1, and pharmacological inhibition of Shp-1 rescued the activation potential of these T cells. TAOK3 phosphorylated threonine-394 in the phosphatase domain of SHP-1, which promoted its ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. The loss of TAOK3 had no effect on the abundance of SHP-2, which lacks a residue corresponding to SHP-1 threonine-394. Modulation of SHP-1 abundance by TAOK3 thus serves as a rheostat for TCR signaling and determines the activation threshold of T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Poirier
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 1A3 Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - João Vitor Silva Ormonde
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Center for Research in Energy and Materials (LNBio - CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Aubry
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 1A3 Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Belma Melda Abidin
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 1A3 Québec, Canada
| | - Chu-Han Feng
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 1A3 Québec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Zuzet Martinez-Cordova
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 1A3 Québec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ana Maria Hincapie
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 1A3 Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chenyue Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Chia-Lin Wang
- NYU Langone Medical Center, 660 1st Ave, Fl 5, New York City, NY 10016, USA
| | - Anne Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Joaquín Madrenas
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 40095, USA
| | - Michel L Tremblay
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 1A3 Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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30
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Galvez-Cancino F, Simpson AP, Costoya C, Matos I, Qian D, Peggs KS, Litchfield K, Quezada SA. Fcγ receptors and immunomodulatory antibodies in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:51-71. [PMID: 38062252 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of both cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) as negative regulators of antitumour immunity led to the development of numerous immunomodulatory antibodies as cancer treatments. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the efficacy of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-based therapies depends not only on their ability to block or engage their targets but also on the antibody's constant region (Fc) and its interactions with Fcγ receptors (FcγRs). Fc-FcγR interactions are essential for the activity of tumour-targeting antibodies, such as rituximab, trastuzumab and cetuximab, where the killing of tumour cells occurs at least in part due to these mechanisms. However, our understanding of these interactions in the context of immunomodulatory antibodies designed to boost antitumour immunity remains less explored. In this Review, we discuss our current understanding of the contribution of FcγRs to the in vivo activity of immunomodulatory antibodies and the challenges of translating results from preclinical models into the clinic. In addition, we review the impact of genetic variability of human FcγRs on the activity of therapeutic antibodies and how antibody engineering is being utilized to develop the next generation of cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Galvez-Cancino
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Alexander P Simpson
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Cristobal Costoya
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Ignacio Matos
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Danwen Qian
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Tumour Immunogenomics and Immunosurveillance Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Karl S Peggs
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Kevin Litchfield
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Tumour Immunogenomics and Immunosurveillance Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Sergio A Quezada
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
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31
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Ma CH, Zhao JF, Zhang XG, Ding CH, Hao HH, Ji YH, Li LP, Guo ZT, Liu WS. Discovery of ellagic acid as a competitive inhibitor of Src homology phosphotyrosyl phosphatase 2 (SHP2) for cancer treatment: In vitro and in silico study. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127845. [PMID: 37935292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Targeting SHP2 has become a potential cancer treatment strategy. In this study, ellagic acid was first reported as a competitive inhibitor of SHP2, with an IC50 value of 0.69 ± 0.07 μM, and its inhibitory potency was 34.86 times higher that of the positive control NSC87877. Ellagic acid also had high inhibitory activity on the SHP2-E76K and SHP2-E76A mutants, with the IC50 values of 1.55 ± 0.17 μM and 0.39 ± 0.05 μM, respectively. Besides, the IC50 values of ellagic acid on homologous proteins SHP1, PTP1B, and TCPTP were 0.93 ± 0.08 μM, 2.04 ± 0.28 μM, and 11.79 ± 0.83 μM, with selectivity of 1.35, 2.96, and 17.09 times, respectively. The CCK8 proliferation experiment exhibited that ellagic acid would inhibit the proliferation of various cancer cells. It was worth noting that the combination of ellagic acid and KRASG12C inhibitor AMG510 would produce a strong synergistic effect in inhibiting NCI-H358 cells. Western blot experiment exhibited that ellagic acid would downregulate the phosphorylation levels of Erk and Akt in NCI-H358 and MDA-MB-468 cells. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies revealed the binding information between SHP2 and ellagic acid. In summary, this study provides new ideas for the development of SHP2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hui Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, Shandong, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ji-Feng Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health (Clinical Applied Pharmacology), Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xu-Guang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan-Hua Ding
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health (Clinical Applied Pharmacology), Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui-Hui Hao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health (Clinical Applied Pharmacology), Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying-Hui Ji
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health (Clinical Applied Pharmacology), Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Peng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhen-Tao Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, Shandong, China.
| | - Wen-Shan Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health (Clinical Applied Pharmacology), Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China.
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32
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Zhuang L, Yang L, Li L, Ye Z, Gong W. Mycobacterium tuberculosis: immune response, biomarkers, and therapeutic intervention. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e419. [PMID: 38188605 PMCID: PMC10771061 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Although tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease, the progression of the disease following Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection is closely associated with the host's immune response. In this review, a comprehensive analysis of TB prevention, diagnosis, and treatment was conducted from an immunological perspective. First, we delved into the host's immune response mechanisms against MTB infection as well as the immune evasion mechanisms of the bacteria. Addressing the challenges currently faced in TB diagnosis and treatment, we also emphasized the importance of protein, genetic, and immunological biomarkers, aiming to provide new insights for early and personalized diagnosis and treatment of TB. Building upon this foundation, we further discussed intervention strategies involving chemical and immunological treatments for the increasingly critical issue of drug-resistant TB and other forms of TB. Finally, we summarized TB prevention, diagnosis, and treatment challenges and put forward future perspectives. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into the immunological aspects of TB and offer new directions toward achieving the WHO's goal of eradicating TB by 2035.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhuang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and TreatmentSenior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Senior Department of TuberculosisHebei North UniversityZhangjiakouHebeiChina
| | - Ling Yang
- Senior Department of TuberculosisHebei North UniversityZhangjiakouHebeiChina
| | - Linsheng Li
- Senior Department of TuberculosisHebei North UniversityZhangjiakouHebeiChina
| | - Zhaoyang Ye
- Senior Department of TuberculosisHebei North UniversityZhangjiakouHebeiChina
| | - Wenping Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and TreatmentSenior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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33
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Lim S, Lee KW, Kim JY, Kim KD. Consideration of SHP-1 as a Molecular Target for Tumor Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:331. [PMID: 38203502 PMCID: PMC10779157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) contributes to tumorigenesis, while protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) contribute to tumor control. One of the most representative PTPs is Src homology region 2 (SH2) domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1), which is associated with either an increased or decreased survival rate depending on the cancer type. Hypermethylation in the promoter region of PTPN6, the gene for the SHP-1 protein, is a representative epigenetic regulation mechanism that suppresses the expression of SHP-1 in tumor cells. SHP-1 comprises two SH2 domains (N-SH2 and C-SH2) and a catalytic PTP domain. Intramolecular interactions between the N-SH2 and PTP domains inhibit SHP-1 activity. Opening of the PTP domain by a conformational change in SHP-1 increases enzymatic activity and contributes to a tumor control phenotype by inhibiting the activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT3) pathway. Although various compounds that increase SHP-1 activation or expression have been proposed as tumor therapeutics, except sorafenib and its derivatives, few candidates have demonstrated clinical significance. In some cancers, SHP-1 expression and activation contribute to a tumorigenic phenotype by inducing a tumor-friendly microenvironment. Therefore, developing anticancer drugs targeting SHP-1 must consider the effect of SHP-1 on both cell biological mechanisms of SHP-1 in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment according to the target cancer type. Furthermore, the use of combination therapies should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Lim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Anti-Aging Bio Cell Factory—Regional Leading Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jeong Yoon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of Agricultural and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang Dong Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea;
- Anti-Aging Bio Cell Factory—Regional Leading Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea;
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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34
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Chen Y, Guo DZ, Zhu CL, Ren SC, Sun CY, Wang Y, Wang JF. The implication of targeting PD-1:PD-L1 pathway in treating sepsis through immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory pathways. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1323797. [PMID: 38193090 PMCID: PMC10773890 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1323797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis currently remains a major contributor to mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU), with 48.9 million cases reported globally and a mortality rate of 22.5% in 2017, accounting for almost 20% of all-cause mortality worldwide. This highlights the urgent need to improve the understanding and treatment of this condition. Sepsis is now recognized as a dysregulation of the host immune response to infection, characterized by an excessive inflammatory response and immune paralysis. This dysregulation leads to secondary infections, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and ultimately death. PD-L1, a co-inhibitory molecule expressed in immune cells, has emerged as a critical factor in sepsis. Numerous studies have found a significant association between the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 and sepsis, with a particular focus on PD-L1 expressed on neutrophils recently. This review explores the role of PD-1/PD-L1 in immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory pathways, illustrates the intricate link between PD-1/PD-L1 and sepsis, and summarizes current therapeutic approaches against PD-1/PD-L1 in the treatment and prognosis of sepsis in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - De-zhi Guo
- School of Basic Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-long Zhu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-chun Ren
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen-yan Sun
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-feng Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Liu Z, Xu X, Liu H, Zhao X, Yang C, Fu R. Immune checkpoint inhibitors for multiple myeloma immunotherapy. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:99. [PMID: 38017516 PMCID: PMC10685608 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is related to immune disorders, recent studys have revealed that immunotherapy can greatly benefit MM patients. Immune checkpoints can negatively modulate the immune system and are closely associated with immune escape. Immune checkpoint-related therapy has attracted much attention and research in MM. However, the efficacy of those therapies need further improvements. There need more thoughts about the immune checkpoint to translate their use in clinical work. In our review, we aggregated the currently known immune checkpoints and their corresponding ligands, further more we propose various ways of potential translation applying treatment based on immune checkpoints for MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xintong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xianghong Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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Paillon N, Mouro V, Dogniaux S, Maurin M, Saez Pons JJ, Ferran H, Bataille L, Zucchetti AE, Hivroz C. PD-1 inhibits T cell actin remodeling at the immunological synapse independently of its signaling motifs. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadh2456. [PMID: 38015913 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adh2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Engagement of the receptor programmed cell death molecule 1 (PD-1) by its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 inhibits T cell-mediated immune responses. Blocking such signaling provides the clinical effects of PD-1-targeted immunotherapy. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying PD-1-mediated inhibition. Because dynamic actin remodeling is crucial for T cell functions, we characterized the effects of PD-1 engagement on actin remodeling at the immunological synapse, the interface between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell (APC) or target cell. We used microscopy to analyze the formation of immunological synapses between PD-1+ Jurkat cells or primary human CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and APCs that presented T cell-activating antibodies and were either positive or negative for PD-L1. PD-1 binding to PD-L1 inhibited T cell spreading induced by antibody-mediated activation, which was characterized by the absence of the F-actin-dense distal lamellipodial network at the immunological synapse and the Arp2/3 complex, which mediates branched actin formation. PD-1-induced inhibition of actin remodeling also prevented the characteristic deformation of T cells that contact APCs and the release of cytotoxic granules. We showed that the effects of PD-1 on actin remodeling did not require its tyrosine-based signaling motifs, which are thought to mediate the co-inhibitory effects of PD-1. Our study highlights a previously unappreciated mechanism of PD-1-mediated suppression of T cell activity, which depends on the regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics in a signaling motif-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Paillon
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Violette Mouro
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Dogniaux
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Maurin
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
| | - Juan-José Saez Pons
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
| | - Hermine Ferran
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laurence Bataille
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
| | - Andrés Ernesto Zucchetti
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
| | - Claire Hivroz
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
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Huang Q, Wang F, Hao D, Li X, Li X, Lei T, Yue J, Liu C. Deciphering tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells in the single-cell era. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:97. [PMID: 38012715 PMCID: PMC10680280 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) serve as a pivotal link connecting innate and adaptive immunity by processing tumor-derived antigens and activating T cells. The advent of single-cell sequencing has revolutionized the categorization of DCs, enabling a high-resolution characterization of the previously unrecognized diversity of DC populations infiltrating the intricate tumor microenvironment (TME). The application of single-cell sequencing technologies has effectively elucidated the heterogeneity of DCs present in the tumor milieu, yielding invaluable insights into their subpopulation structures and functional diversity. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current state of knowledge regarding DC subtypes in the TME, drawing from single-cell studies conducted across various human tumors. We focused on the categorization, functions, and interactions of distinct DC subsets, emphasizing their crucial roles in orchestrating tumor-related immune responses. Additionally, we delve into the potential implications of these findings for the identification of predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Enhanced insight into the intricate interplay between DCs and the TME promises to advance our comprehension of tumor immunity and, in turn, pave the way for the development of more efficacious cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Fuhao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Di Hao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Tianyu Lei
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jinbo Yue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
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Vlasova VV, Shmagel KV. T Lymphocyte Metabolic Features and Techniques to Modulate Them. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:1857-1873. [PMID: 38105204 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923110159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
T cells demonstrate high degree of complexity and broad range of functions, which distinguish them from other immune cells. Throughout their lifetime, T lymphocytes experience several functional states: quiescence, activation, proliferation, differentiation, performance of effector and regulatory functions, memory formation, and apoptosis. Metabolism supports all functions of T cells, providing lymphocytes with energy, biosynthetic substrates, and signaling molecules. Therefore, T cells usually restructure their metabolism as they transition from one functional state to another. Strong association between the metabolism and T cell functions implies that the immune response can be controlled by manipulating metabolic processes within T lymphocytes. This review aims to highlight the main metabolic adaptations necessary for the T cell function, as well as the recent progress in techniques to modulate metabolic features of lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta V Vlasova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081, Perm, Russia.
| | - Konstantin V Shmagel
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081, Perm, Russia
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Khramova T, Beduleva L, Sidorov A, Terentiev A, Menshikov I. Regulatory Rheumatoid Factor is Specific to PD-1 and Uses PD-1 Pathway to Control CD4 T Lymphocytes. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:897-908. [PMID: 37615124 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2250818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have earlier discovered a new factor of autoimmunity downregulation, called regulatory rheumatoid factor (regRF). Being anti-idiotypic antibodies, regRF restricts the expansion of CD4+ T lymphocytes to the idiotype of which it is specific, according to the negative feedback principle. It has been shown that only activated CD4+ T lymphocytes are the target of regRF. However, it is still not clear the way regRF distinguishes activated cells from naive ones. RegRF molecules, apart from individual paratopes specific to unique sequences of B- and T-cell receptors, have a shared paratope. We assume that regRF by means of a shared paratope recognizes one of the surface activation molecules of CD4+ T lymphocytes and initiates the cell death. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) has been tested as a potential receptor of the shared regRF paratope and transmitter of the negative regRF signal into activated CD4+ T lymphocytes. METHODS The specificity of the shared regRF paratope to PD-1 was determined by ELISA. T cell activation was performed with immobilized anti-CD3ε antibodies. Flow cytometry was used to study the effect of regRF on PD-1+CD4+ lymphocytes. RESULTS We found that regRF binds to PD-1. IgG Fc fragments carrying epitopes specific to the shared paratope of regRF compete with PD-1 for binding to regRF. It follows that regRF recognizes specifically PD-1 by means of a shared paratope. RegRF-containing serum reduced the number of PD-1+CD4+ lymphocytes in proportion to their increase resulting from the action of anti-CD3ε antibodies. CONCLUSION RegRF uses PD-1 pathway to control activated CD4+ T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Khramova
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Udmurt State University, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Biocompatible Materials, Udmurt Federal Research Center UB RAS, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
| | - Liubov Beduleva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Udmurt State University, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Biocompatible Materials, Udmurt Federal Research Center UB RAS, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandr Sidorov
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Udmurt State University, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Biocompatible Materials, Udmurt Federal Research Center UB RAS, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Terentiev
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Udmurt State University, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Biocompatible Materials, Udmurt Federal Research Center UB RAS, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
| | - Igor Menshikov
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Udmurt State University, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Biocompatible Materials, Udmurt Federal Research Center UB RAS, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
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40
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Meibers HE, Warrick KA, VonHandorf A, Vallez CN, Kawarizadeh K, Saha I, Donmez O, Jain VG, Kottyan LC, Weirauch MT, Pasare C. Effector memory T cells induce innate inflammation by triggering DNA damage and a non-canonical STING pathway in dendritic cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113180. [PMID: 37794597 PMCID: PMC10654673 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognate interaction between CD4+ effector memory T (TEM) cells and dendritic cells (DCs) induces innate inflammatory cytokine production, resulting in detrimental autoimmune pathology and cytokine storms. While TEM cells use tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily ligands to activate DCs, whether TEM cells prompt other DC-intrinsic changes that influence the innate inflammatory response has never been investigated. We report the surprising discovery that TEM cells trigger double-strand DNA breaks via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in interacting DCs. Initiation of the DNA damage response in DCs induces activation of a cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-AMP synthase (cGAS)-independent, non-canonical stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)-nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling axis. Consequently, STING-deficient DCs display reduced NF-κB activation and subsequent defects in transcriptional induction and functional production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 following their interaction with TEM cells. The discovery of TEM cell-induced innate inflammation through DNA damage and a non-canonical STING-NF-κB pathway presents this pathway as a potential target to alleviate T cell-driven inflammation in autoimmunity and cytokine storms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Meibers
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kathrynne A Warrick
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Andrew VonHandorf
- Center for Autoimmune Genetics and Etiology and Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Charles N Vallez
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kiana Kawarizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Irene Saha
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Omer Donmez
- Center for Autoimmune Genetics and Etiology and Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Viral G Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Leah C Kottyan
- Center for Autoimmune Genetics and Etiology and Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genetics and Etiology and Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Chandrashekhar Pasare
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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41
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Molica M, Perrone S, Andriola C, Rossi M. Immunotherapy with Monoclonal Antibodies for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Work in Progress. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5060. [PMID: 37894427 PMCID: PMC10605302 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, molecularly targeted agents and immune-based treatments (ITs) have significantly changed the landscape of anti-cancer therapy. Indeed, ITs have been proven to be very effective when used against metastatic solid tumors, for which outcomes are extremely poor when using standard approaches. Such a scenario has only been partially reproduced in hematologic malignancies. In the context of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), as innovative drugs are eagerly awaited in the relapsed/refractory setting, different ITs have been explored, but the results are still unsatisfactory. In this work, we will discuss the most important clinical studies to date that adopt ITs in AML, providing the basis to understand how this approach, although still in its infancy, may represent a promising therapeutic tool for the future treatment of AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Molica
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Renato Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Perrone
- Department of Hematology, Polo Universitario Pontino, S.M. Goretti Hospital, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Costanza Andriola
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marco Rossi
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Renato Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
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Miao J, Bai Y, Miao Y, Qu Z, Dong J, Zhang RY, Aggarwal D, Jassim BA, Nguyen Q, Zhang ZY. Discovery of a SHP2 Degrader with In Vivo Anti-Tumor Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:6947. [PMID: 37836790 PMCID: PMC10574094 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is an attractive target for cancer therapy due to its multifaceted roles in both tumor and immune cells. Herein, we designed and synthesized a novel series of proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) using a SHP2 allosteric inhibitor as warhead, with the goal of achieving SHP2 degradation both inside the cell and in vivo. Among these molecules, compound P9 induces efficient degradation of SHP2 (DC50 = 35.2 ± 1.5 nM) in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Mechanistic investigation illustrates that the P9-mediated SHP2 degradation requires the recruitment of the E3 ligase and is ubiquitination- and proteasome-dependent. P9 shows improved anti-tumor activity in a number of cancer cell lines over its parent allosteric inhibitor. Importantly, administration of P9 leads to a nearly complete tumor regression in a xenograft mouse model, as a result of robust SHP2 depletion and suppression of phospho-ERK1/2 in the tumor. Hence, P9 represents the first SHP2 PROTAC molecule with excellent in vivo efficacy. It is anticipated that P9 could serve not only as a new chemical tool to interrogate SHP2 biology but also as a starting point for the development of novel therapeutics targeting SHP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmin Miao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (Y.M.); (J.D.); (R.-Y.Z.); (D.A.); (B.A.J.)
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (Y.M.); (J.D.); (R.-Y.Z.); (D.A.); (B.A.J.)
| | - Yiming Miao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (Y.M.); (J.D.); (R.-Y.Z.); (D.A.); (B.A.J.)
| | - Zihan Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (Z.Q.); (Q.N.)
| | - Jiajun Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (Y.M.); (J.D.); (R.-Y.Z.); (D.A.); (B.A.J.)
| | - Ruo-Yu Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (Y.M.); (J.D.); (R.-Y.Z.); (D.A.); (B.A.J.)
| | - Devesh Aggarwal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (Y.M.); (J.D.); (R.-Y.Z.); (D.A.); (B.A.J.)
| | - Brenson A. Jassim
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (Y.M.); (J.D.); (R.-Y.Z.); (D.A.); (B.A.J.)
| | - Quyen Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (Z.Q.); (Q.N.)
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (Y.M.); (J.D.); (R.-Y.Z.); (D.A.); (B.A.J.)
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (Z.Q.); (Q.N.)
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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43
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Wang Z, Zhang J, An F, Zhang J, Meng X, Liu S, Xia R, Wang G, Yan C. The mechanism of dendritic cell-T cell crosstalk in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:193. [PMID: 37798668 PMCID: PMC10552435 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03159-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by joint pain and swelling, synovial hyperplasia, cartilage damage, and bone destruction. The mechanisms of dendritic cell (DC) and T cell-mediated crosstalk have gradually become a focus of attention. DCs regulate the proliferation and differentiation of CD4+ T cell subtypes through different cytokines, surface molecules, and antigen presentation. DC-T cell crosstalk also blocks antigen presentation by DCs, ultimately maintaining immune tolerance. DC-T cell crosstalk mainly involves chemokines, surface molecules (TonEBP, NFATc1), the PD-L1/PD-1 signalling axis, and the TGF-β signalling axis. In addition, DC-T cell crosstalk in RA is affected by glycolysis, reactive oxygen species, vitamin D, and other factors. These factors lead to the formation of an extremely complex regulatory network involving various mechanisms. This article reviews the key immune targets of DC-T cell crosstalk and elucidates the mechanism of DC-T cell crosstalk in RA to provide a basis for the treatment of patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhandong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Fangyu An
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Xiangrui Meng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Shiqing Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Ruoliu Xia
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Rheumatism and Orthopaedics Department, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Chunlu Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
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44
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Chamoto K, Yaguchi T, Tajima M, Honjo T. Insights from a 30-year journey: function, regulation and therapeutic modulation of PD1. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:682-695. [PMID: 37185300 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00867-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
PD1 was originally discovered in 1992 as a molecule associated with activation-induced cell death in T cells. Over the past 30 years, it was found that PD1 has a critical role in avoiding overactivation-induced cell death and autoimmunity, whereas its inhibition unleashes anticancer immunity. Here, we outline the journey from the discovery of PD1 to its role as a breakthrough target in cancer immunotherapy. We describe its regulation and function and examine how a mechanistic understanding of PD1 signalling suggests a central function in setting the T cell activation threshold, thereby controlling T cell proliferation, differentiation, exhaustion and metabolic status. This threshold theory, in combination with new insights into T cell metabolism and a better understanding of immune cell modulation by the microbiota, can provide guidance for the development of efficient combination therapies. Moreover, we discuss the mechanisms underlying immune-related adverse events after PD1-targeted therapy and their possible treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Chamoto
- Division of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomonori Yaguchi
- Division of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Tajima
- Division of Integrated High-Order Regulatory Systems, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tasuku Honjo
- Division of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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45
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Rezayi M, Hosseini A. Structure of PD1 and its mechanism in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:726-737. [PMID: 37475518 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
PD-1 and CTLA-4 can play an important role in addressing the issue of autoimmune diseases. PD-1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on T, B, and Dentric cells. This molecule functions as a checkpoint in T cell proliferation. Ligation of PD-1 with its ligands inhibits the production of IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, and IL-12 as well as other cytokines by macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and T cells, which can suppress cell proliferation and inflammation. Today, scientists attempt to protect against autoimmune diseases by PD-1 inhibitory signals. In this review, we discuss the structure, expression, and signaling pathway of PD-1. In addition, we discuss the importance of PD-1 in regulating several autoimmune diseases, reflecting how manipulating this molecule can be an effective method in the immunotherapy of some autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rezayi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Marand Baranch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
| | - Arezoo Hosseini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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46
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Kamal M, Badary HA, Omran D, Shousha HI, Abdelaziz AO, El Tayebi HM, Mandour YM. Virtual Screening and Biological Evaluation of Potential PD-1/PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors as Anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Agents. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:33242-33254. [PMID: 37744828 PMCID: PMC10515376 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Blockade of the programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immune checkpoint pathway is an efficient immunotherapeutic modality that provided significant advances in cancer treatment especially in solid tumors highly resistant to traditional therapy. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and small-molecule inhibitors are the two main strategies used to block this axis with mAbs suffering from many limitations. Accordingly, the current alternative is the development of small-molecule PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Here, we present a sequential virtual screening (VS) protocol involving pharmacophore screening followed by molecular docking for the discovery of novel PD-L1 inhibitors. The VS protocol resulted in the discovery of eight novel compounds. A 100 ns MD simulation showed two compounds, H4 and H6, exhibiting a stable binding mode at the PD-L1 dimer interface. Upon evaluation of their immunological activities, the two compounds induced higher cytokines levels (IL-2, IL-6, and INF-γ) relative to BMS-202, 72 h post treatment of PBMCs of HCC patients. Thus, the discovered hits represent potential leads for the development of novel classes targeting the PD-L1 receptor as anti-hepatocellular carcinoma agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica
A. Kamal
- Molecular
Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German
University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hedy A. Badary
- Endemic
Medicine and Hepato-gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Omran
- Endemic
Medicine and Hepato-gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend I. Shousha
- Endemic
Medicine and Hepato-gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf O. Abdelaziz
- Endemic
Medicine and Hepato-gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend M. El Tayebi
- Molecular
Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German
University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmine M. Mandour
- School
of Life and Medical Sciences, University
of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, 11578 Cairo, Egypt
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
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47
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Johnson RL, Ganesan S, Thangavelu A, Theophilou G, de Jong D, Hutson R, Nugent D, Broadhead T, Laios A, Cummings M, Orsi NM. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway in Advanced, Recurrent Endometrial Cancer: A Scoping Review with SWOT Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4632. [PMID: 37760602 PMCID: PMC10527181 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Results of recent clinical trials using the immune check point inhibitors (ICI) pembrolizumab or dostarlimab with/without lenvatinib has led to their approval for specific molecular subgroups of advanced recurrent endometrial cancer (EC). Herein, we summarise the clinical data leading to this first tissue-agnostic approval. As this novel therapy is not yet available in the United Kingdom standard care setting, we explore the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of ICI treatment in EC. Major databases were searched focusing on clinical trials using programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) ICI which ultimately contributed to anti-PD-1 approval in EC. We performed a data quality assessment, reviewing survival and safety analysis. We included 15 studies involving 1609 EC patients: 458 with mismatch repair deficiency (MMRd)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) status and 1084 with mismatch repair proficiency/microsatellite stable (MMRp/MSS) status. Pembrolizumab/dostarlimab have been approved for MMRd ECs, with the addition of lenvatinib for MMRp cases in the recurrent setting. Future efforts will focus on the pathological assessment of biomarkers to determine molecular phenotypes that correlate with response or resistance to ICI in order to identify patients most likely to benefit from this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racheal Louise Johnson
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Subhasheenee Ganesan
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Amudha Thangavelu
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Georgios Theophilou
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Diederick de Jong
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Richard Hutson
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - David Nugent
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Timothy Broadhead
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Alexandros Laios
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Michele Cummings
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St James’s University Hospital, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Nicolas Michel Orsi
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St James’s University Hospital, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
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48
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Sun Q, Hong Z, Zhang C, Wang L, Han Z, Ma D. Immune checkpoint therapy for solid tumours: clinical dilemmas and future trends. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:320. [PMID: 37635168 PMCID: PMC10460796 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01522-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICBs), in addition to targeting CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1, novel targeting LAG-3 drugs have also been approved in clinical application. With the widespread use of the drug, we must deeply analyze the dilemma of the agents and seek a breakthrough in the treatment prospect. Over the past decades, these agents have demonstrated dramatic efficacy, especially in patients with melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nonetheless, in the field of a broad concept of solid tumours, non-specific indications, inseparable immune response and side effects, unconfirmed progressive disease, and complex regulatory networks of immune resistance are four barriers that limit its widespread application. Fortunately, the successful clinical trials of novel ICB agents and combination therapies, the advent of the era of oncolytic virus gene editing, and the breakthrough of the technical barriers of mRNA vaccines and nano-delivery systems have made remarkable breakthroughs currently. In this review, we enumerate the mechanisms of each immune checkpoint targets, associations between ICB with tumour mutation burden, key immune regulatory or resistance signalling pathways, the specific clinical evidence of the efficacy of classical targets and new targets among different tumour types and put forward dialectical thoughts on drug safety. Finally, we discuss the importance of accurate triage of ICB based on recent advances in predictive biomarkers and diagnostic testing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Zhenya Hong
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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49
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Li X, Zeng Q, Xu F, Jiang Y, Jiang Z. Progress in programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 pathway inhibitors and binding mode analysis. Mol Divers 2023; 27:1935-1955. [PMID: 35948846 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) plays an important role in negative regulating immunity. The search for effective PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors has been at the cutting-edge of academic and industrial medicinal chemistry, leading to the emergence of 16 clinical candidate drugs and the launch of six monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) drugs. However, due to the unclear mechanism of the interaction between drugs and substances in vivo, the screening of preclinical drugs often takes a long time. In order to shorten the time of drug development as much as possible, the binding mode analysis that can simulate the interaction between drugs and substances in vivo at the molecular level can significantly shorten the drug development process. This paper reviews the mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway at the molecular level, as well as the research progress and obstacles of inhibitors. Besides, we analyzed the binding mode of recently reported PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with PD-1 or PD-L1 protein in detail in order to provide ideas for the development of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Chun'an County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 311700, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Zeng
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengjiao Xu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuying Jiang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongmei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chun'an County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 311700, Zhejiang, China.
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50
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Evans JA, Mendonca P, Soliman KFA. Involvement of Nrf2 Activation and NF-kB Pathway Inhibition in the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Hesperetin in Activated BV-2 Microglial Cells. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1144. [PMID: 37626501 PMCID: PMC10452655 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to cognitive decline and memory loss. The incidence of this disease continues to increase due to the limited number of novel therapeutics that prevent or slow down its progression. Flavonoids have been investigated for their potential effects on cellular damage triggered by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neuroinflammatory conditions. This study investigated the effect of the flavonoid hesperetin on LPS-activated murine BV-2 microglial cells. Results show that hesperetin reduced nitric oxide levels and increased catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase levels, suggesting its potential to reduce neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Moreover, RT-PCR arrays showed that hesperetin modulated multiple genes that regulate oxidative stress. Hesperetin downregulated the mRNA expression of ERCC6, NOS2, and NCF1 and upregulated HMOX1 and GCLC. RT-PCR results showed that hesperetin-induced Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in LPS-activated BV-2 microglial cells is involved in the transcription of several antioxidant genes, suggesting that hesperetin's antioxidant effects may be exerted via the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the data demonstrated that hesperetin reduced the gene expression of PD-L1, which is upregulated as an individual ages and during chronic inflammatory processes, and inhibited the expression of genes associated with NF-kB signaling activation, which is overactivated during chronic inflammation. It was concluded from this investigation that hesperetin may have therapeutic potential to prevent or slow down the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, by reducing chronic oxidative stress and modulating neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine A. Evans
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Patricia Mendonca
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
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