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Han S, Hu Y, Jia D, Lv Y, Liu M, Wang D, Chao J, Xia X, Wang Q, Liu P, Cai Y, Ren X. IFT27 regulates the long-term maintenance of photoreceptor outer segments in zebrafish. Gene 2024; 905:148237. [PMID: 38310983 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Approximately a quarter of Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is caused by mutations in transport-related genes in cilia. IFT27 (Intraflagellar Transport 27), a core component of the ciliary intraflagellar transport (IFT) system, has been implicated as a significant pathogenic gene in RP. The pathogenic mechanisms and subsequent pathology related to IFT27 mutations in RP are largely obscure. Here, we utilized TALEN technology to create an ift27 knockout (ift27-/-) zebrafish model. Electroretinography (ERG) detection showed impaired vision in this model. Histopathological examinations disclosed that ift27 mutations cause progressive degeneration of photoreceptors in zebrafish, and this degeneration was late-onset. Immunofluorescence labeling of outer segments showed that rods degenerated before cones, aligning with the conventional characterization of RP. In cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells, we found that IFT27 was involved in maintaining ciliary morphology. Furthermore, decreased IFT27 expression resulted in the inhibition of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, including decreased expression of key factors in the Hh pathway and abnormal localization of the ciliary mediator Gli2. In summary, we generated an ift27-/- zebrafish line with retinal degeneration which mimicked the symptoms of RP patients, highlighting IFT27's integral role in the long-term maintenance of cilia via the Hh signaling pathway. This work may furnish new insights into the treatment or delay of RP caused by IFT27 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China.
| | - Yue Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Danna Jia
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Yuexia Lv
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Mugen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Decheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Jin Chao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Xuan Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Yang Y, Wang Y, Deng Y, Lu J, Xiao L, Li J, Zhou Y, Nie F, Chen X, Peng J, Tan H, Qin Y, Peng Q. Fructus Lycii and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge extract attenuate oxidative stress-induced photoreceptor ferroptosis in retinitis pigmentosa. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115547. [PMID: 37741257 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the impact of Fructus Lycii and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge extract (FSE) on retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and to explore the mechanisms by which FSE can prevent oxidative stress-induced photoreceptor ferroptosis in RP. METHODS Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) was used to induce oxidative stress in 661 W cells, which were then examined using flow cytometry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Changes in mitochondria were observed by using an electron microscope to characterize the ferroptosis of the cells. The protective effect of FSE on the retina function and structure of rd10 mice was evaluated using histopathological examination, fundus photographs, and electroretinography (ERG). Protein expression levels of Tumor Protein p53 (P53), Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (SLC7A11), Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), Arachidonate-12-Lipoxygenase (ALOX12), and Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) were evaluated by Western blot assays in Vivo and in Vitro. RESULTS H2O2-induced 661 W cells increased oxidative stress products and P53 and ALOX12, decreasing the expression of SLC7A11, GPX4, and DPP4. GPX4 activator does not reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and has little effect on ferroptosis. Fer-1 and FSE attenuate ROS generation and inhibit ferroptosis of photoreceptors in RP via inhibited P53 expression and increased SLC7A11 and GPX4 expression. CONCLUSION FSE may be available in clinical therapeutics to alleviating RP and the mechanism by which inhibits ferroptosis of photoreceptors following oxidative stress via the P53/ SLC7A11 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Yang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Institute of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Institute of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Institute of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Institute of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Jie Li
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Institute of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yasha Zhou
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Fujiao Nie
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Institute of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Hanyu Tan
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Institute of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Yueyang Hospital Affiliated to Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yueyang 414000, China
| | - Yuhui Qin
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Institute of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Qinghua Peng
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Institute of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
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3
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Díaz-Lezama N, Kajtna J, Wu J, Ayten M, Koch SF. Microglial and macroglial dynamics in a model of retinitis pigmentosa. Vision Res 2023; 210:108268. [PMID: 37295269 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In retinal degenerative diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP), the characteristic photoreceptor cell death is associated with changes of microglia and macroglia cells. Gene therapy, a promising treatment option for RP, is based on the premise that glial cell remodeling does not impact vision rescue. However, the dynamics of glial cells after treatment at late disease stages are not well understood. Here, we tested the reversibility of specific RP glia phenotypes in a Pde6b-deficient RP gene therapy mouse model. We demonstrated an increased number of activated microglia, retraction of microglial processes, reactive gliosis of Müller cells, astrocyte remodelling and an upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in response to photoreceptor degeneration. Importantly, these changes returned to normal following rod rescue at late disease stages. These results suggest that therapeutic approaches restore the homeostasis between photoreceptors and glial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nundehui Díaz-Lezama
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Kajtna
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jiou Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Ayten
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne F Koch
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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Laperle AH, Moser VA, Avalos P, Lu B, Wu A, Fulton A, Ramirez S, Garcia VJ, Bell S, Ho R, Lawless G, Roxas K, Shahin S, Shelest O, Svendsen S, Wang S, Svendsen CN. Human iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells secreting GDNF provide protection in rodent models of ALS and retinal degeneration. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1629-1642. [PMID: 37084724 PMCID: PMC10444557 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a renewable cell source that can be differentiated into neural progenitor cells (iNPCs) and transduced with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (iNPC-GDNFs). The goal of the current study is to characterize iNPC-GDNFs and test their therapeutic potential and safety. Single-nuclei RNA-seq show iNPC-GDNFs express NPC markers. iNPC-GDNFs delivered into the subretinal space of the Royal College of Surgeons rodent model of retinal degeneration preserve photoreceptors and visual function. Additionally, iNPC-GDNF transplants in the spinal cord of SOD1G93A amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) rats preserve motor neurons. Finally, iNPC-GDNF transplants in the spinal cord of athymic nude rats survive and produce GDNF for 9 months, with no signs of tumor formation or continual cell proliferation. iNPC-GDNFs survive long-term, are safe, and provide neuroprotection in models of both retinal degeneration and ALS, indicating their potential as a combined cell and gene therapy for various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander H Laperle
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - V Alexandra Moser
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pablo Avalos
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bin Lu
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Wu
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Fulton
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephany Ramirez
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Veronica J Garcia
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shaughn Bell
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ritchie Ho
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - George Lawless
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristina Roxas
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saba Shahin
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Oksana Shelest
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Soshana Svendsen
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shaomei Wang
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Clive N Svendsen
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Kay C, Audo I, Naujoks C, Spera C, Fischer MD, Green J, Durham T, Williamson N, Bradley H, Barclay M, Sims J, Banhazi J, Patalano F. Qualitative exploration of the visual function impairments and impacts on vision-dependent activities of daily living in Retinitis Pigmentosa and Leber Congenital Amaurosis: content validation of the ViSIO-PRO and ViSIO-ObsRO measures. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2023; 7:74. [PMID: 37466759 PMCID: PMC10356708 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-023-00610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) and Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA) are rare inherited retinal degenerative disorders. The associated visual impairments have significant impacts on patients' vision-dependent activities of daily living (ADL), mobility, and distal health-related quality of life (HRQoL). To adequately capture patient and caregiver perspectives in clinical trials, patient and observer-reported outcome instruments must demonstrate sufficient evidence of content validity in the target population. This study aimed to explore the patient experience of RP/LCA and assess the content validity of the Visual Symptom and Impact Outcomes PRO (ViSIO-PRO) and ObsRO (ViSIO-ObsRO) instruments in RP/LCA. METHODS A total of 66 qualitative, combined concept elicitation (CE) and cognitive debriefing (CD) interviews were conducted (33 adults, 10 adolescents, 8 children and 15 caregivers of children) in the US, France, Germany, and Canada. Patients had a clinical and genetic diagnosis of RP/LCA from a range of genotypes. CE results were used to further inform the development of a conceptual model and CD interviews assessed the relevance and understanding of the 44-item ViSIO-PRO and 26-item ViSIO-ObsRO instruments. Interviews were conducted across two iterative rounds to allow item modifications. RESULTS Findings were consistent across RP/LCA genotypes. Night blindness, reduced peripheral vision, vision in very bright lighting and light/dark adaptation were the most frequently reported visual function symptoms impacting vision-dependent ADL and mobility. Impacts on distal HRQoL domains were also reported. The ViSIO-PRO and ObsRO items were well understood by participants and relevant across genotypes. The instructions, 7-day recall period and response scales were well understood and endorsed. Participant and expert clinician feedback supported modifications to item wording, the addition of six new ViSIO-PRO items and one new ViSIO-ObsRO item, and the removal of one ViSIO-PRO item due to lack of relevance. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the content validity of the ViSIO-PRO and ViSIO-ObsRO instruments for use across RP/LCA genotypes. Ongoing research to evaluate the psychometric validity of the instruments will support future use of the instruments as efficacy endpoints in clinical trials and in general clinical practice to track disease severity and impact of disease on functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabelle Audo
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, National Rare Disease Center REFERET and INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, Sorbonne Université, 75012, Paris, France
| | | | | | - M Dominik Fischer
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Ophthalmology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jane Green
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Craig L Dobbin Genetics Research Centre, St. John's, Canada
| | - Todd Durham
- Foundation Fighting Blindness, Columbia, MD, USA
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Sone J, Ueno S, Akagi A, Miyahara H, Tamai C, Riku Y, Yabata H, Koizumi R, Hattori T, Hirose H, Koyanagi Y, Kobayashi R, Okada H, Kishimoto Y, Hashizume Y, Sobue G, Yoshida M, Iwasaki Y. NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansion causes retinal pathology with intranuclear inclusions throughout the retina and causes visual impairment. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:71. [PMID: 37131242 PMCID: PMC10152767 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The retinal pathology of genetically confirmed neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is yet unknown. We report the ocular findings in four NIID patients with NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansion to investigate the pathology of retinopathy. All four NIID patients were diagnosed by skin biopsy and NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat analysis. Ocular findings in patients with NIID were studied using fundus photographs, optical coherence tomographic images (OCT), and full-field electroretinograms (ERGs). The histopathology of the retina was studied on autopsy samples from two cases with immunohistochemistry. All patients had an expansion of the GGC repeat (87-134 repeats) in the NOTCH2NLC. Two patients were legally blind and had been diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa prior to the diagnosis of NIID and assessed with whole exome sequencing to rule out comorbidity with other retinal diseases. Fundus photographs around the posterior pole showed chorioretinal atrophy in the peripapillary regions. OCT showed thinning of the retina. ERGs showed various abnormalities in cases. The histopathology of autopsy samples showed diffusely scattered intranuclear inclusions throughout the retina from the retinal pigment epithelium to the ganglion cell layer, and optic nerve glial cells. And severe gliosis was observed in retina and optic nerve. The NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansion causes numerous intranuclear inclusions in the retina and optic nerve cells and gliosis. Visual dysfunction could be the first sign of NIID. We should consider NIID as one of the causes of retinal dystrophy and investigate the GGC repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sone
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1, Sannomaru, Naka-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 460-0001, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Suzuka National Hospital, 3-2-1, Kasado, Suzuka, Mie, 513-8501, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Shinji Ueno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Akio Akagi
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyahara
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Chisato Tamai
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yuichi Riku
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yabata
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Shiga University of Medical Science. Seta-Tsukinowa, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Koizumi
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0027, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Hattori
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1, Sannomaru, Naka-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 460-0001, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hirose
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1, Sannomaru, Naka-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 460-0001, Japan
| | - Yoshito Koyanagi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1, Sannomaru, Naka-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 460-0001, Japan
| | - Rei Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1, Sannomaru, Naka-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 460-0001, Japan
| | - Hisashi Okada
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, 4-1-1, Sannomaru, Naka-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 460-0001, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kishimoto
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hashizume
- Department of Neuropathology, Choju Medical Institute, Fukushimura Hospital, 19-14, Yamanaka, Noyori, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8124, Japan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan
- Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Mari Yoshida
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yasushi Iwasaki
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
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Georgiou M, Robson AG, Jovanovic K, Guimarães TACD, Ali N, Pontikos N, Uwaydat SH, Mahroo OA, Cheetham ME, Webster AR, Hardcastle AJ, Michaelides M. RP2-Associated X-linked Retinopathy: Clinical Findings, Molecular Genetics, and Natural History. Ophthalmology 2023; 130:413-422. [PMID: 36423731 PMCID: PMC10567581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To review and describe in detail the clinical course, functional and anatomic characteristics of RP2-associated retinal degeneration. DESIGN Retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS Male participants with disease-causing variants in the RP2 gene. METHODS Review of all case notes and results of molecular genetic testing, retinal imaging (fundus autofluorescence [FAF] imaging, OCT), and electrophysiology assessment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Molecular genetic testing, clinical findings including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), qualitative and quantitative retinal imaging analysis, and electrophysiology parameters. RESULTS Fifty-four molecularly confirmed patients were identified from 38 pedigrees. Twenty-eight disease-causing variants were identified, with 20 not previously clinically characterized. Fifty-three patients (98.1%) presented with retinitis pigmentosa. The mean age of onset (range ± standard deviation [SD]) was 9.6 years (1-57 ± 9.2 years). Forty-four patients (91.7%) had childhood-onset disease, with mean age of onset of 7.6 years. The most common first symptom was night blindness (68.8%). Mean BCVA (range ± SD) was 0.91 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) (0-2.7 ± 0.80) and 0.94 logMAR (0-2.7 ± 0.78) for right and left eyes, respectively. On the basis of the World Health Organization visual impairment criteria, 18 patients (34%) had low vision. The majority (17/22) showed electroretinogram (ERG) evidence of a rod-cone dystrophy. Pattern ERG P50 was undetectable in all but 2 patients. A range of FAF findings was observed, from normal to advanced atrophy. There were no statistically significant differences between right and left eyes for ellipsoid zone width (EZW) and outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness. The mean annual rate of EZW loss was 219 μm/year, and the mean annual decrease in ONL thickness was 4.93 μm/year. No patient with childhood-onset disease had an identifiable ellipsoid zone (EZ) after the age of 26 years at baseline or follow-up. Four patients had adulthood-onset disease and a less severe phenotype. CONCLUSIONS This study details the clinical phenotype of RP2 retinopathy in a large cohort. The majority presented with early-onset severe retinal degeneration, with early macular involvement and complete loss of the foveal photoreceptor layer by the third decade of life. Full-field ERGs revealed rod-cone dystrophy in the vast majority, but with generalized (peripheral) cone system involvement of widely varying severity in the first 2 decades of life. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Georgiou
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Anthony G Robson
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katarina Jovanovic
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thales A C de Guimarães
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Naser Ali
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolas Pontikos
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sami H Uwaydat
- Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Omar A Mahroo
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael E Cheetham
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R Webster
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alison J Hardcastle
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michel Michaelides
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Kim JH, Han JW, Choi EW, Bang JH, Shin HJ, Jang MA, Lee JY, Choi JN, Chang HS, Park TK. Clinical Manifestations and Genetic Analysis of 5 Korean Choroideremia Patients Initially Diagnosed With Retinitis Pigmentosa. J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e5. [PMID: 35040292 PMCID: PMC8763878 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the clinical findings of choroideremia patients and perform genetic analysis by whole-exome sequencing (WES). METHODS A total of 94 patients initially diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) at another hospital, and who visited our hospital for genetic analysis by WES, were included in the study, along with 64 family members. All subjects underwent comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation, including best-corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination, fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography (FAG), visual field (VF), electroretinogram (ERG), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). RESULTS In six male patients with suspected choroideremia, extensive retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and severe loss of choroid were observed in the fundus, but not in the macula. CHM gene mutation was confirmed in five patients. A novel single nucleotide variant at a splice site was observed in one patient. OCT showed marked thinning of the outernuclear layer and choroid, except in the macula. FAF showed a small area of hyperfluorescence in the posterior pole. In addition, characteristic interlaminar bridges were observed in four patients. On FAG, hypofluorescence was seen up to the far-peripheral retina in five patients. CONCLUSION Of the 94 patients initially diagnosed with RP, CHM mutation was identified in five (5.3%) by WES. Choroideremia should be considered as a differential diagnosis of RP. WES would be useful for identifying the causes of hereditary retinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ha Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jung Woo Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Eun Woo Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ji Hong Bang
- Hyangseol Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Graduate School, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Shin
- Hyangseol Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Graduate School, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Mi-Ae Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jong-Young Lee
- Oneomics Institute, Soonchunhyang Mirai Medical Center, Bucheon, Korea
| | | | - Hun Soo Chang
- Hyangseol Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
- Department of Anatomy and BK21 FOUR Project, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea.
| | - Tae Kwann Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Bucheon, Korea
- Hyangseol Medical Research Center, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Retinal and Macular Degeneration, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Bucheon, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
- Ex Lumina Therapeutics and Technologies, Bucheon, Korea.
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Chandrasekaran PR, Madanagopalan VG. Role of Curcumin in Retinal Diseases-A review. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022. [PMID: 35015114 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the role of curcumin in retinal diseases, COVID era, modification of the molecule to improve bioavailability and its future scope. METHODS PubMed and MEDLINE searches were pertaining to curcumin, properties of curcumin, curcumin in retinal diseases, curcumin in diabetic retinopathy, curcumin in age-related macular degeneration, curcumin in retinal and choroidal diseases, curcumin in retinitis pigmentosa, curcumin in retinal ischemia reperfusion injury, curcumin in proliferative vitreoretinopathy and curcumin in current COVID era. RESULTS In experimental models, curcumin showed its pleiotropic effects in retinal diseases like diabetic retinopathy by increasing anti-oxidant enzymes, upregulating HO-1, nrf2 and reducing or inhibiting inflammatory mediators, growth factors and by inhibiting proliferation and migration of retinal endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner in HRPC, HREC and ARPE-19 cells. In age-related macular degeneration, curcumin acts by reducing ROS and inhibiting apoptosis inducing proteins and cellular inflammatory genes and upregulating HO-1, thioredoxin and NQO1. In retinitis pigmentosa, curcumin has been shown to delay structural defects of P23H gene in P23H-rhodopsin transgenic rats. In proliferative vitreoretinopathy, curcumin inhibited the action of EGF in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In retinal ischemia reperfusion injury, curcumin downregulates IL-17, IL-23, NFKB, STAT-3, MCP-1 and JNK. In retinoblastoma, curcumin inhibits proliferation, migration and apoptosis of RBY79 and SO-RB50. Curcumin has already proven its efficacy in inhibiting viral replication, coagulation and cytokine storm in COVID era. CONCLUSION Curcumin is an easily available spice used traditionally in Indian cooking. The benefits of curcumin are manifold, and large randomized controlled trials are required to study its effects not only in treating retinal diseases in humans but in their prevention too.
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Nkanga D, Agweye CT, Akanbi T, Ovienra W, Adenuga O, Ibanga A, Oyekunle I, Udoh MM, Okonkwo ON. Visual Status of Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Multicenter Study. West Afr J Med 2021; Vol. 38:1108-1113. [PMID: 34922411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the degree of visual loss associated with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in Nigerians at first ophthalmic clinic presentation METHODOLOGY Multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study in four collaborating retina clinics within Nigeria between January and December 2018. The primary outcome measure was the World Health Organization’s visual status classification at presentation. Clinical examination, including a Snellen’s visual acuity, refraction, anterior segment examination using a slit lamp biomicroscope, and dilated fundus examination using a +90D or +78D, was done in all consecutive RP patients. We analyzed the data using SPSS (version 22), P < 0.05. RESULTS Of 8614 patients seen within the study period, fiftyfour eyes of 27 patients diagnosed to have RP with a mean age of 44.1years ± 17.6 years (ranging between 5–73 years) constituted the study population. Eighteen (66.7%) were males and 9 (33.3%) females. The hospital-based prevalence of RP was 0.31%. Ten patients (37.0%) presented with myopia. RP was bilateral in all cases and non-syndromic. Bilateral low vision and blindness were noted in 44.4% and 22.2% of patients respectively. CONCLUSION About a quarter of patients with RP presenting to the retina clinics would have some degree of visual morbidity. Educating eye care providers and patients about the disease would improve understanding, encourage early clinic visits, manage visual morbidity and enhance rehabilitation when necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Nkanga
- University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - C T Agweye
- University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - T Akanbi
- Eye Foundation Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - W Ovienra
- Irrua Specialist Hospital, Edo, Nigeria
| | - O Adenuga
- Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
| | - A Ibanga
- University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | - M M Udoh
- University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
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Abstract
Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) has allowed in vivo mapping of retinal metabolic derangements and structural changes not possible with conventional color imaging. Incident light is absorbed by molecules in the fundus, which are excited and in turn emit photons of specific wavelengths that are captured and processed by a sensor to create a metabolic map of the fundus. Studies on the growing number of FAF platforms has shown each may be suited to certain clinical scenarios. Scanning laser ophthalmoscopes, fundus cameras, and modifications of these each have benefits and drawbacks that must be considered before and after imaging to properly interpret the images. Emerging clinical evidence has demonstrated the usefulness of FAF in diagnosis and management of an increasing number of chorioretinal conditions, such as age-related macular degeneration, central serous chorioretinopathy, retinal drug toxicities, and inherited retinal degenerations such as retinitis pigmentosa and Stargardt disease. This article reviews commercial imaging platforms, imaging techniques, and clinical applications of FAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Pole
- Retina Division, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of South California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hossein Ameri
- Retina Division, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of South California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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12
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Andashti B, Yazdanparast R, Motahar M, Barzegari E, Galehdari H. Terminal Peptide Extensions Augment the Retinal IMPDH1 Catalytic Activity and Attenuate the ATP-induced Fibrillation Events. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:221-9. [PMID: 33733369 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00973-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Defects in inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase-1 (IMPDH1) lead to insufficient biosyntheses of purine nucleotides. In eyes, these defects are believed to cause retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Major retinal isoforms of IMPDH1 are structurally distinct from those in other tissues, by bearing terminal extensions. Using recombinant mouse IMPDH1 (mH1), we evaluated the kinetics and oligomerization states of the retinal isoforms. Moreover, we adopted molecular simulation tools to study the possible effect of terminal tails on the function of major enzyme isoforms with the aim to find structural evidence in favor of contradictory observations on retinal IMPDH1 function. Our findings indicated higher catalytic activity for the major mouse retinal isoform (mH1603) along with lower fibrillation capacity under the influence of ATP. However, higher mass oligomerization products were formed by the mH1 (603) isoform in the presence of the enzyme inhibitors such as GTP and/or MPA. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the structural differences between the retinal isoforms have led to functional variations possibly to justify the retinal cells' requirements.
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Artero-Castro A, Long K, Bassett A, Ávila-Fernandez A, Cortón M, Vidal-Puig A, Jendelova P, Rodriguez-Jimenez FJ, Clemente E, Ayuso C, Erceg S. Gene Correction Recovers Phagocytosis in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Derived from Retinitis Pigmentosa-Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042092. [PMID: 33672445 PMCID: PMC7923278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary retinal dystrophies (HRD) represent a significant cause of blindness, affecting mostly retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors (PRs), and currently suffer from a lack of effective treatments. Highly specialized RPE and PR cells interact mutually in the functional retina, therefore primary HRD affecting one cell type leading to a secondary HRD in the other cells. Phagocytosis is one of the primary functions of the RPE and studies have discovered that mutations in the phagocytosis-associated gene Mer tyrosine kinase receptor (MERTK) lead to primary RPE dystrophy. Treatment strategies for this rare disease include the replacement of diseased RPE with healthy autologous RPE to prevent PR degeneration. The generation and directed differentiation of patient-derived human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) may provide a means to generate autologous therapeutically-relevant adult cells, including RPE and PR. However, the continued presence of the MERTK gene mutation in patient-derived hiPSCs represents a significant drawback. Recently, we reported the generation of a hiPSC model of MERTK-associated Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) that recapitulates disease phenotype and the subsequent creation of gene-corrected RP-hiPSCs using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9. In this study, we differentiated gene-corrected RP-hiPSCs into RPE and found that these cells had recovered both wild-type MERTK protein expression and the lost phagocytosis of fluorescently-labeled photoreceptor outer segments observed in uncorrected RP-hiPSC-RPE. These findings provide proof-of-principle for the utility of gene-corrected hiPSCs as an unlimited cell source for personalized cell therapy of rare vision disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Artero-Castro
- Stem Cells Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (F.J.R.-J.); (E.C.)
| | - Kathleen Long
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; (K.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrew Bassett
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; (K.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Almudena Ávila-Fernandez
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.Á.-F.); (M.C.); (C.A.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Cortón
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.Á.-F.); (M.C.); (C.A.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Pavla Jendelova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Neuroregeneration, Czech Academy of Science, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Francisco Javier Rodriguez-Jimenez
- Stem Cells Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (F.J.R.-J.); (E.C.)
| | - Eleonora Clemente
- Stem Cells Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (F.J.R.-J.); (E.C.)
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.Á.-F.); (M.C.); (C.A.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Slaven Erceg
- Stem Cells Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (A.A.-C.); (F.J.R.-J.); (E.C.)
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Neuroregeneration, Czech Academy of Science, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
- National Stem Cell Bank-Valencia Node, Proteomics, Genotyping and Cell Line Platform, PRB3, ISCIII, Research Centre Principe Felipe, c/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-289-680 (ext. 1102)
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Begenisic T, Mazziotti R, Sagona G, Lupori L, Sale A, Galli L, Baroncelli L. Preservation of Visual Cortex Plasticity in Retinitis Pigmentosa. Neuroscience 2020; 424:205-210. [PMID: 31901258 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a class of inherited disorders caused by the progressive death of photoreceptors in the retina. RP is still orphan of an effective treatment, with increasing optimism deriving from research aimed at arresting neurodegeneration or replacing light-responsive elements. All these therapeutic strategies rely on the functional integrity of the visual system downstream of photoreceptors. Whereas the inner retinal structure and optic radiation are known to be considerably preserved at least in early stages of RP, very little is known about the visual cortex. Remarkably, it remains completely unclear whether visual cortex plasticity is still present in RP. Using a well-established murine model of RP, the rd10 mouse, we report that visual cortical circuits retain high levels of plasticity, preserving their capability of input-dependent remodelling even at a late stage of retinal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Begenisic
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Raffaele Mazziotti
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), I-56124 Pisa, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, I-50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Sagona
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, I-50135 Florence, Italy; Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, I-56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Leonardo Lupori
- BIO@SNS lab, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, I-56125 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sale
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Galli
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Baroncelli
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), I-56124 Pisa, Italy; Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, I-56128 Pisa, Italy.
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Levine TP. Structural bioinformatics predicts that the Retinitis Pigmentosa-28 protein of unknown function FAM161A is a homologue of the microtubule nucleation factor Tpx2. F1000Res 2020; 9:1052. [PMID: 33093951 PMCID: PMC7551519 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.25870.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: FAM161A is a microtubule-associated protein conserved widely across eukaryotes, which is mutated in the inherited blinding disease Retinitis Pigmentosa-28. FAM161A is also a centrosomal protein, being a core component of a complex that forms an internal skeleton of centrioles. Despite these observations about the importance of FAM161A, current techniques used to examine its sequence reveal no homologies to other proteins. Methods: Sequence profiles derived from multiple sequence alignments of FAM161A homologues were constructed by PSI-BLAST and HHblits, and then used by the profile-profile search tool HHsearch, implemented online as HHpred, to identify homologues. These in turn were used to create profiles for reverse searches and pair-wise searches. Multiple sequence alignments were also used to identify amino acid usage in functional elements. Results: FAM161A has a single homologue: the targeting protein for
Xenopus kinesin-like protein-2 (Tpx2), which is a strong hit across more than 200 residues. Tpx2 is also a microtubule-associated protein, and it has been shown previously by a cryo-EM molecular structure to nucleate microtubules through two small elements: an extended loop and a short helix. The homology between FAM161A and Tpx2 includes these elements, as FAM161A has three copies of the loop, and one helix that has many, but not all, properties of the one in Tpx2. Conclusions: FAM161A and its homologues are predicted to be a previously unknown variant of Tpx2, and hence bind microtubules in the same way. This prediction allows precise, testable molecular models to be made of FAM161A-microtubule complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P Levine
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
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16
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Naidu A, Ghani N, Yazdanie MS, Chaudhary K. Effect of the electrode array-retina gap distance on visual function in patients with the Argus II retinal prosthesis. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:366. [PMID: 32943044 PMCID: PMC7495685 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post-implantation visual outcomes in patients with the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis is dependent on a multitude of factors including the positioning of the electrode array on the retina. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the average electrode array-retina gap distance correlates with objective visual function outcomes and sensitivity detection thresholds in patients implanted with the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis. Methods Five patients with implantation of the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis were enrolled in this single-institution retrospective study. Patient demographics were collected from medical records. Visual function data (Square Localization [SL] and Direction of Motion [DOM]) and Optical Coherence Tomography (Cirrus HD-OCT) images were extracted retrospectively from the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis Post-Approval study. Visual function tests were performed with the device OFF and ON at each study visit. Electrode array-retina gap distances were measured at each of the array’s 60 electrodes using the Cirrus HD-OCT software in both the nasotemporal and superoinferior planes. Data was obtained at baseline, and post-operative month 1, month 3, month 6, and year 1. Sensitivity detection thresholds were obtained at the initial programming visit and each reprogramming session. Results Three patients performed significantly better in SL visual function testing with the device ON. Patients that worsened in visual function testing with the device ON in both SL and DOM testing had a statistically significant decrease in performance. The electrode array-retina gap distance was found to effect performance in SL testing in a patient-dependent manner. No effect was found between the electrode-array gap distance and DOM testing or sensitivity detection threshold. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the electrode array-retina gap distance may affect visual function outcomes in SL testing in certain patients with the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis, and the direction and magnitude of this effect is likely patient-dependent. Furthermore, complete apposition between the electrode array and retina may not always be necessary to achieve optimal visual outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Naidu
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| | - Nimra Ghani
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | | | - Khurram Chaudhary
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
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Sabbaghi H, Ahmadieh H, Jalili J, Behnaz N, Fakhri M, Suri F, Kheiri B, Rajabpour M, Entezari M, Daftarian N. Choroidal Thickness in Different Types of Inherited Retinal Dystrophies. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2020; 15:351-361. [PMID: 32864066 PMCID: PMC7431727 DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v15i3.7454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare the choroidal thickness among eyes with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), Stargardt disease, Usher syndrome, cone-rod dystrophy, and healthy eyes of sex- and age-matched individuals. Methods In this comparative study, 503 eyes with RP (n = 264), cone-rod dystrophy (n = 109), Stargardt disease (n = 76), and Usher syndrome (n = 54) were included. To validate the data, 109 healthy eyes of 56 sex- and age-matched individuals were studied as controls. Choroidal imaging was performed using enhanced depth imaging-optical coherence tomography. Choroidal thickness was measured manually using MATLAB software at 13 points in nasal and temporal directions from the foveal center with the interval of 500 µm and the choroidal area encompassing the measured points was calculated automatically. Results The mean age was 36.33 ± 13.07 years (range, 5 to 72 years). The mean choroidal thickness at 13 points of the control eyes was statistically significantly higher than that in eyes with RP (P < 0.001) and Usher syndrome (P< 0.05), but not significantly different from that in eyes with Stargardt disease and cone-rod dystrophy. Among different inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs), the choroidal thickness was the lowest in eyes with RP (P < 0.001). Choroidal thickness in the subfoveal area correlated negatively with best-corrected visual acuity (r = -0.264, P < 0.001) and the duration of ocular symptoms (r = -0.341, P < 0.001) in all studied IRDs. No significant correlation was observed between the subfoveal choroidal thickness and central macular thickness (r = -0.24, P = 0.576). Conclusion Choroidal thinning in four different types of IRDs does not follow a similar pattern and depends on the type of IRD and the duration of ocular symptoms. A larger cohort is required to verify these findings
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Sabbaghi
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Ahmadieh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalil Jalili
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Behnaz
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Fakhri
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Suri
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Kheiri
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rajabpour
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Entezari
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narsis Daftarian
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Morizur L, Herardot E, Monville C, Ben M'Barek K. Human pluripotent stem cells: A toolbox to understand and treat retinal degeneration. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 107:103523. [PMID: 32634576 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) are retinal degenerative disorders that dramatically damage the retina. As there is no therapeutic option for the majority of patients, vision is progressively and irremediably lost. Owing to their unlimited renewal and potency to give rise to any cell type of the human adult body, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have been extensively studied in recent years to develop more physiologically relevant in vitro cellular models. Such models open new perspectives to investigate the pathological molecular mechanisms of AMD and RP but also in drug screening. Moreover, proof-of-concept of hPSC-derived retinal cell therapy in animal models have led to first clinical trials. This review outlines the recent advances in the use of hPSCs in pathological modeling of retinal degeneration and their use in regenerative medicine. We also address the associated limitations and challenges that need to be overcome when using hPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Morizur
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, U861, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France; Centre d'Etude des Cellules Souches, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Elise Herardot
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, U861, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Christelle Monville
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, U861, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
| | - Karim Ben M'Barek
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, U861, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France; Centre d'Etude des Cellules Souches, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
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González-Del Pozo M, Fernández-Suárez E, Martín-Sánchez M, Bravo-Gil N, Méndez-Vidal C, Rodríguez-de la Rúa E, Borrego S, Antiñolo G. Unmasking Retinitis Pigmentosa complex cases by a whole genome sequencing algorithm based on open-access tools: hidden recessive inheritance and potential oligogenic variants. J Transl Med 2020; 18:73. [PMID: 32050993 PMCID: PMC7014749 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02258-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder that results in inherited blindness. Despite the large number of genes identified, only ~ 60% of cases receive a genetic diagnosis using targeted-sequencing. The aim of this study was to design a whole genome sequencing (WGS) based approach to increase the diagnostic yield of complex Retinitis Pigmentosa cases. Methods WGS was conducted in three family members, belonging to one large apparent autosomal dominant RP family that remained unsolved by previous studies, using Illumina TruSeq library preparation kit and Illumina HiSeq X platform. Variant annotation, filtering and prioritization were performed using a number of open-access tools and public databases. Sanger sequencing of candidate variants was conducted in the extended family members. Results We have developed and optimized an algorithm, based on the combination of different open-access tools, for variant prioritization of WGS data which allowed us to reduce significantly the number of likely causative variants pending to be manually assessed and segregated. Following this algorithm, four heterozygous variants in one autosomal recessive gene (USH2A) were identified, segregating in pairs in the affected members. Additionally, two pathogenic alleles in ADGRV1 and PDZD7 could be contributing to the phenotype in one patient. Conclusions The optimization of a diagnostic algorithm for WGS data analysis, accompanied by a hypothesis-free approach, have allowed us to unmask the genetic cause of the disease in one large RP family, as well as to reassign its inheritance pattern which implies differences in the clinical management of these cases. These results contribute to increasing the number of cases with apparently dominant inheritance that carry causal mutations in recessive genes, as well as the possible involvement of various genes in the pathogenesis of RP in one patient. Moreover, our WGS-analysis approach, based on open-access tools, can easily be implemented by other researchers and clinicians to improve the diagnostic yield of additional patients with inherited retinal dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María González-Del Pozo
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Seville, Spain
| | - Elena Fernández-Suárez
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Marta Martín-Sánchez
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Nereida Bravo-Gil
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Seville, Spain
| | - Cristina Méndez-Vidal
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Seville, Spain
| | - Enrique Rodríguez-de la Rúa
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain.,ReticsPatologia Ocular, OFTARED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Salud Borrego
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Seville, Spain
| | - Guillermo Antiñolo
- Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Seville, Spain.
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Ahmed Khan S, Richard Nestel A. CRB1 Gene Mutation Causing Different Phenotypes of Leber Congenital Amaurosis in Siblings. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2019; 14:518-524. [PMID: 31875109 PMCID: PMC6825708 DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v14i4.5467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We report a rare case of CRB1gene mutation in two siblings (sisters) affected with the exact same genetic mutation on both CRB1genes resulting in varying phenotypes. Case Report CRB1gene mutation in this case has resulted in causing varying degrees of Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) in both sisters with a more severe phenotype in the older sibling causing LCA-8 with retinitis pigmentosa spectrum in both eyes and a milder phenotype causing LCA-8 with less severe rod cone dystrophy in the younger sister. Conclusion In summary, the mechanisms of varying phenotypes resulting from CRB1 genetic mutation are still not well understood. We concluded that the presence of different phenotypes associated with identical genotypic mutation of a single gene in siblings or in a family is important especially when dealing with retinal dystrophies.
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21
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Mehrotra N, Khandelwal J, Nagpal M. Rare case of simultaneous manifestation of pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy and retinitis pigmentosa in contralateral eye. Indian J Ophthalmol 2019; 67:1875-1876. [PMID: 31638054 PMCID: PMC6836594 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_372_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Mehrotra
- Department of Retina and Vitreous, Retina Foundation, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jayesh Khandelwal
- Department of Retina and Vitreous, Retina Foundation, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Manish Nagpal
- Department of Retina and Vitreous, Retina Foundation, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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22
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Strafella C, Caputo V, Pagliaroli G, Iozzo N, Campoli G, Carboni S, Peconi C, Galota RM, Zampatti S, Minozzi G, Novelli G, Giardina E, Cascella R. NGS Analysis for Molecular Diagnosis of Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP): Detection of a Novel Variant in PRPH2 Gene. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100792. [PMID: 31614793 PMCID: PMC6826621 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This work describes the application of NGS for molecular diagnosis of RP in a family with a history of severe hypovision. In particular, the proband received a clinical diagnosis of RP on the basis of medical, instrumental examinations and his family history. The proband was subjected to NGS, utilizing a customized panel including 24 genes associated with RP and other retinal dystrophies. The NGS analysis revealed a novel missense variant (c.668T > A, I223N) in PRPH2 gene, which was investigated by segregation and bioinformatic analysis. The variant is located in the D2 loop domain of PRPH2, which is critical for protein activity. Bioinformatic analysis described the c.668T > A as a likely pathogenic variant. Moreover, a 3D model prediction was performed to better characterize the impact of the variant on the protein, reporting a disruption of the α-helical structures. As a result, the variant protein showed a substantially different conformation with respect to the wild-type PRPH2. The identified variant may therefore affect the oligomerization ability of the D2 loop and, ultimately, hamper PRPH2 proper functioning and localization. In conclusion, PRPH2_c.668T > A provided a molecular explanation of RP symptomatology, highlighting the clinical utility of NGS panels to facilitate genotype-phenotype correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Strafella
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy.
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Valerio Caputo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Pagliaroli
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicola Iozzo
- Organi di Senso Department, University "la Sapienza", 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Campoli
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefania Carboni
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | - Cristina Peconi
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Stefania Zampatti
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulietta Minozzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Neuromed IRCSS, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy.
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy.
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Cascella
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, 1000 Tirana, Albania.
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Falasconi A, Biagioni M, Novelli E, Piano I, Gargini C, Strettoi E. Retinal Phenotype in the rd9 Mutant Mouse, a Model of X-Linked RP. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:991. [PMID: 31607844 PMCID: PMC6761883 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal degeneration 9 (rd9) mice carry a mutation in the retina specific “Retinitis Pigmentosa GTPase Regulator (RPGR)” Open Reading Frame (ORF) 15 gene, located on the X chromosome and represent a rare model of X-linked Retinitis Pigmentosa (XLRP), a common and severe form of retinal degeneration (Wright et al., 2010; Tsang and Sharma, 2018). The rd9 RPGR-ORF15 mutation in mice causes lack of the protein in photoreceptors and a slow degeneration of these cells with consequent decrease in Outer Nuclear Layer (ONL) thickness and amplitude of ERG responses, as previously described (Thompson et al., 2012). However, relative rates of rod and cone photoreceptor loss, as well as secondary alterations occurring in neuronal and non-neuronal retinal cell types of rd9 mutants remain to be assessed. Aim of this study is to extend phenotype analysis of the rd9 mouse retina focusing on changes occurring in cells directly interacting with photoreceptors. To this purpose, first we estimated rod and cone survival and its degree of intraretinal variation over time; then, we studied the morphology of horizontal and bipolar cells and of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), extending our observations to glial cell reactivity. We found that in rd9 retinas rod (but not cone) death is the main cause of decrease in ONL thickness and that degeneration shows a high degree of intraretinal variation. Rod loss drives remodeling in the outer retina, with sprouting of second-order neurons of the rod-pathway and relative sparing of cone pathway elements. Remarkably, despite cone survival, functional defects can be clearly detected in ERG recordings in both scotopic and photopic conditions. Moderate levels of Muller cells and microglial reactivity are sided by striking attenuation of staining for RPE tight junctions, suggesting altered integrity of the outer Blood Retina Barrier (BRB). Because of many features resembling slowly progressing photoreceptor degeneration paradigms or early stages of more aggressive forms of RP, the rd9 mouse model can be considered a rare and useful tool to investigate retinal changes associated to a process of photoreceptor death sustained throughout life and to reveal disease biomarkers (e.g., BRB alterations) of human XLRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Falasconi
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy.,Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Martina Biagioni
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Novelli
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Piano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Enrica Strettoi
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
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Arrigo A, Romano F, Albertini G, Aragona E, Bandello F, Battaglia Parodi M. Vascular Patterns in Retinitis Pigmentosa on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091425. [PMID: 31510025 PMCID: PMC6780333 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) represents a retinal dystrophy with an extremely complex pathogenesis further worsened by the impairment of the retinal vascular supply. The main goal of this study was to identify different vascular patterns in RP, by means of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: A total of 32 RP patients (16 males, 50%; mean age 45.93 ± 11.4) and 32 healthy age-matched controls (16 males, 50%; age 42.8 ± 11.2). High resolution OCT and OCTA images were obtained from all participants. Several quantitative parameters were extracted both from structural OCT and OCTA images. A post-hoc analysis assessed the relationship between the quantitative OCTA parameters adopted and the following measures: best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Results: Mean LogMAR BCVA was 0.24 ± 0.32 for RP patients and 0.0 ± 0.0 for controls (p < 0.01). CMT, choroidal thickness and RNFL were statistically different between RP and controls (p < 0.01). OCTA parameters showed strong alterations of the retinal vascular network in RP (all p < 0.01). Several statistically significant correlations were also found. Furthermore, a vessel tortuosity cut-off of 4.80 and a vessel rarefaction cut-off of 0.62 enabled the RP cohort to be divided into two significantly different sub-groups in terms of BCVA, RNFL and CMT. Conclusions: Quantitative OCTA parameters help identify vascular abnormalities in RP, separating two different vascular patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Arrigo
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesco Romano
- Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, 20157 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Albertini
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Aragona
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bandello
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Battaglia Parodi
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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Poornachandra B, Khurana AK, Sridharan P, Chatterjee P, Jayadev C, Yadav NK, Shetty R. Quantifying microstructural changes in retinitis pigmentosa using spectral domain - optical coherence tomography. Eye Vis (Lond) 2019; 6:13. [PMID: 31123686 PMCID: PMC6518821 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-019-0139-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Most patients of established retinitis pigmentosa (RP) have subnormal peripheral vision and heavily rely on central vision for their daily activities. Central visual acuity is dependent on photoreceptor survival at the macula. Identification of structural changes that precede visual loss is essential. The aim of this study was to correlate the Spectral Domain-Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) characteristics with visual acuity in patients with typical RP. Methods This was a retrospective, observational case series of 224 eyes of 113 RP patients conducted a tertiary eye care center. SD-OCT imaging was done for all eyes. Central retinal thickness (CRT), photoreceptor outer segment length (PROS), foveal outer segment pigment epithelial thickness (FOSPET) and ellipsoid zone (EZ) extent were measured. A new variable, FOSPET-PROS ratio (FPR), obtained by dividing FOSPET by PROS is defined and correlated to corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) in logMAR using linear regression. Results Out of 113 patients, 71 were males and 42 females. Mean age of the patients was 35.4 ± 15.1 years. Mean CDVA was 0.33 ± 0.25 logMAR with no difference between the genders. Mean CRT (218.74 ± 83.5 μm) and FPR (1.63 ± 0.22) significantly correlated to CDVA with a correlation coefficient of r = − 0.139 (p = 0.048) and r = 0.842 (p = 0.0001), respectively. FOSPET (mean = 71.15 ± 13.8 μm) and PROS (mean = 44.85 ± 12.5 μm) did not show a significant correlation to CDVA, independent of FPR. Conclusions Retinal microstructural changes on SD-OCT, especially the FPR, can be used as a surrogate marker to monitor disease progression in the central retina in degenerative diseases like RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Poornachandra
- 1Department of Vitreo Retina, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Aruj K Khurana
- 1Department of Vitreo Retina, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Preethi Sridharan
- 1Department of Vitreo Retina, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Priyansha Chatterjee
- 2Department of Ophthalmology, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Institute, 121/C, Chord Road, 1 "R" Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka 560010 India
| | - Chaitra Jayadev
- 1Department of Vitreo Retina, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Yadav
- 1Department of Vitreo Retina, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Rohit Shetty
- 2Department of Ophthalmology, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Institute, 121/C, Chord Road, 1 "R" Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka 560010 India
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Alahmadi BO, Omari AA, Abalem MF, Andrews C, Schlegel D, Branham KH, Khan NW, Fahim A, Jayasundera T. Contrast sensitivity deficits in patients with mutation-proven inherited retinal degenerations. BMC Ophthalmol 2018; 18:313. [PMID: 30526558 PMCID: PMC6286564 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0982-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with retinal diseases frequently complain of poor visual function even when visual acuity is relatively unaffected. This clinical finding has been attributed to deficits in contrast sensitivity (CS). The purpose of our study was to evaluate the CS in patients with clinical and genetic diagnosis of inherited retinal degeneration (IRD) and relatively preserved visual acuity. METHODS Seventeen patients (30 eyes) with IRD and visual acuity of 20/40 or better, and 18 controls (18 eyes) without any ocular condition underwent slit lamp examination, visual acuity testing via standard Snellen chart testing, CS testing via the Quick Contrast Sensitivity Function (QCSF), and Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT). CS were measured at 1.0, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, and 18.0 cycles per degree (cpd). T tests with general estimated equations were used to compare CS between groups. Wald chi square followed by pairwise comparisons was used to compare CS between multiple groups. RESULTS We included 12 patients with rod-cone dystrophy (RCD), 3 patients with Stargardt disease (STGD) and 2 patients with Best disease. Patients with IRD had significantly worse CS than controls (p < 0.001) in all spatial frequencies. Patients with STGD had more marked deficits in CS than patients with Best disease (p < 0.001) and RCD (p < 0.001) despite having similar visual acuities. CONCLUSION Patients with IRD, especially patients with STGD with relatively preserved visual acuity have marked deficits in CS when measured across a range of spatial frequencies. We recommend that clinical trials for STGD incorporate CS measured over a range of spatial frequencies as a secondary clinical endpoint for monitoring visual function. CS may provide an explanation for complaints of visual dysfunction when visual acuity is not significantly altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badr O Alahmadi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48150, USA
| | - Amro A Omari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48150, USA.
| | - Maria Fernanda Abalem
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48150, USA
| | - Chris Andrews
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48150, USA
| | - Dana Schlegel
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48150, USA
| | - Kari H Branham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48150, USA
| | - Naheed W Khan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48150, USA
| | - Abigail Fahim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48150, USA
| | - Thiran Jayasundera
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48150, USA
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Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to present the ophthalmic manifestations of neuro-metabolic disorders. Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with neuro-metabolic disorders in the Neurology Department of Mofid Pediatric Hospital in Tehran, Iran, between 2004 and 2014 were included in this study. Disorders were confirmed using clinical findings, neuroimaging, laboratory data, and genomic analyses. All enrolled patients were assessed for ophthalmological abnormalities. Results: A total of 213 patients with 34 different neuro-metabolic disorders were included. Ophthalmological abnormalities were observed in 33.5% of patients. Abnormal findings in the anterior segment included Kayser–Fleischer rings, congenital or secondary cataracts, and lens dislocation into the anterior chamber. Posterior segment (i.e., retina, vitreous body, and optic nerve) evaluation revealed retinitis pigmentosa, cherry-red spots, and optic atrophy. In addition, strabismus, nystagmus, and lack of fixation were noted during external examination. Conclusion: Ophthalmological examination and assessment is essential in patients that may exhibit neuro-metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Jafari
- Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Mofid Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karl Golnik
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mansoor Shahriari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Karimzadeh
- Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Mofid Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayena Jabbehdari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Liew G, Moore AT, Bradley PD, Webster AR, Michaelides M. Factors associated with visual acuity in patients with cystoid macular oedema and Retinitis Pigmentosa. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2017; 25:183-186. [PMID: 29140735 DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2017.1383448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinitis pigmentosa is the most common inherited retinal dystrophy. The factors associated with visual acuity in patients with other retinal diseases are well known, but are poorly understood in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. This knowledge is useful for prognosis and to support secondary endpoints in clinical trials. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of consecutive patients recruited from the inherited retinal disease service from January 2012 to December 2012. Central macular thickness (CMT) was measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. RESULTS Data were available for 81 patients and 162 eyes. After multivariable analyses, older age, earlier age of onset of symptoms, and thicker CMT were associated with lower visual acuity. Gender and inheritance pattern were not associated with visual acuity. Each decade older age, younger age of onset, and thicker CMT was associated with 0.12, 0.10, and 0.11 worse logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution units of visual acuity, respectively (p < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS Age, age of onset, and CMT are associated with visual acuity and important factors to measure in studies of retinitis pigmentosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Liew
- a Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research , University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia.,b Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital , London , UK
| | - Anthony T Moore
- a Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research , University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia.,b Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital , London , UK.,d Department of Ophthalmology, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Patrick D Bradley
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital , London , UK
| | - Andrew R Webster
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital , London , UK.,c Institute of Ophthalmology , University College London , London , UK
| | - Michel Michaelides
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital , London , UK.,c Institute of Ophthalmology , University College London , London , UK
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Eblimit A, Agrawal SA, Thomas K, Anastassov IA, Abulikemu T, Moayedi Y, Mardon G, Chen R. Conditional loss of Spata7 in photoreceptors causes progressive retinal degeneration in mice. Exp Eye Res 2017; 166:120-130. [PMID: 29100828 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian retina consists of multiple cell layers including photoreceptor cells, which are light sensing neurons that play essential functions in the visual process. Previously, we identified mutations in SPATA7, encoding spermatogenesis associated protein 7, in families with Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA) and juvenile Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP), and showed that Spata7 null mice recapitulate the human disease phenotype of retinal degeneration. SPATA7 is expressed in the connecting cilium of photoreceptor (PR) cells in the mouse retina, as well as in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, but the functional role of Spata7 in the RPE remains unknown. To investigate whether Spata7 is required in PRs, the RPE, or both, we conditionally knocked out Spata7 in photoreceptors and RPE cells using Crx-Cre and Best1-Cre transgenic mouse lines, respectively. In Spata7 photoreceptor-specific conditional (cKO) mice, both rod and cone photoreceptor dysfunction and degeneration is observed, characterized by progressive thinning of the outer nuclear layer and reduced response to light; however, RPE-specific deletion of Spata7 does not impair retinal function or cell survival. Furthermore, our findings show that both Rhodopsin and RPGRIP1 are mislocalized in the Spata7Flox/-; Crx-Cre cKO mice, suggesting that loss of Spata7 in photoreceptors alone can result in altered trafficking of these proteins in the connecting cilium. Together, our findings suggest that loss of Spata7 in photoreceptors alone is sufficient to cause photoreceptor degeneration, but its function in the RPE is not required for photoreceptor survival; therefore, loss of Spata7 in photoreceptors alters both rod and cone function and survival, consistent with the clinical phenotypes observed in LCA and RP patients with mutations in SPATA7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiden Eblimit
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA
| | - Smriti Akshay Agrawal
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA
| | - Kandace Thomas
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA
| | - Ivan Assenov Anastassov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA
| | - Tajiguli Abulikemu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA; The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | | | - Graeme Mardon
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA.
| | - Rui Chen
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-3411, USA.
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Satarian L, Nourinia R, Safi S, Kanavi MR, Jarughi N, Daftarian N, Arab L, Aghdami N, Ahmadieh H, Baharvand H. Intravitreal Injection of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients with Advanced Retinitis Pigmentosa; a Safety Study. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2017; 12:58-64. [PMID: 28299008 PMCID: PMC5340065 DOI: 10.4103/2008-322x.200164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the safety of a single intravitreal injection of autologous bone Marrow Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in patients with advanced retinitis pigmentosa (RP). METHODS A prospective, phase I, nonrandomized, open-label study was conducted on 3 eyes of 3 volunteers with advanced RP. Visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, fundus examination, optical coherence tomography, fundus auto-fluorescence, fluorescein angiography and multifocal electroretinography were performed before and after an intravitreal injection of approximately one-million MSCs. The patients were followed for one year. Further evaluation of MSCs was performed by injection of these cells into the mouse vitreous cavity. RESULTS No, adverse events were observed in eyes of 2 out of 3 patients after transplantation of MSCs. These patients reported improvements in perception of the light after two weeks, which lasted for 3 months. However, severe fibrous tissue proliferation was observed in the vitreous cavity and retrolental space of the third patient's eye, which led to tractional retinal detachment (TRD), iris neovascularization and formation of mature cataract. Injection of this patient's MSCs into the vitreous cavity of mice also resulted in fibrosis; however, intravitreal injections of the two other patients' cells into the mouse vitreous did not generate any fibrous tissue. CONCLUSION Intravitreal injection of autologous bone marrow MSCs into patients' eyes with advanced RP does not meet safety standards. Major side effects of this therapy can include fibrosis and TRD. We propose thorough evaluation of MSCs prior to transplantation by intravitreal injection in the laboratory animals.\.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Satarian
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nourinia
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sare Safi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Jarughi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narsis Daftarian
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Arab
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Aghdami
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Ahmadieh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Chhablani J, Jonnadula GB, Srinivasa Rao P, Venkata A, Jalali S. Choroidal thickness profile in Retinitis Pigmentosa - Correlation with outer retinal structures. Saudi J Ophthalmol 2015; 30:9-13. [PMID: 26949351 PMCID: PMC4759516 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjopt.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare the choroidal thickness (CT) of subjects with Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) with age-matched healthy subjects and to correlate the visual acuity with retinal parameters including central macular thickness (CMT), inner segment/outer segment junction (IS/OS junction) integrity, external limiting membrane (ELM) integrity and choroidal thickness in subjects with RP. Methods Eighty-eight eyes (69 patients) with typical RP and 188 eyes of 104 healthy subjects were enrolled between September 2012 and January 2013. All subjects underwent a comprehensive ocular examination including choroidal imaging using enhanced depth imaging with spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Outcome measures were CT difference between RP and age-matched healthy subjects; and correlation of various factors such CMT, IS/OS junction integrity, ELM integrity, and CT with visual acuity. Results Among RP subjects, mean age was 31.39 ± 13.4 years with a mean BCVA of 0.99 ± 0.94 logMAR. Mean spherical equivalent was −0.6 ± 1.6D. Mean CMT was 148.48 ± 119 μm. Mean subfoveal CT was 296.9 ± 72 μm. Mean IS/OS and ELM integrity was 42.2 ± 46.6% and 43.75 ± 45.7%, respectively. The mean age was 40.0 ± 13.5 years with a mean spherical equivalent of 0.18 ± 0.6D for the normal age-matched healthy group. Mean subfoveal CT was 283.1 ± 47.8 μm. CT at various locations in patients of various ages in the RP group did not show any statistical significant difference (P = ≫0.05) in comparison with age-matched healthy subjects. On multivariate regression, ELM percentage integrity had the strongest association with best corrected visual acuity, followed by IS/OS junction percentage integrity. Subfoveal choroidal thickness had very weak correlation with visual acuity as well other retinal parameters. There was a significant difference in the outer retinal structure integrity (p = 0.002) and CMT (p = 0.02) between the eyes with good (⩾20/200) and poor vision (<20/200), but not in subfoveal choroidal thickness (p = 0.3). Conclusions Our study results did not show any significant difference in choroidal thickness between subjects with RP and age-matched healthy subjects. Choroidal thickness correlated better with the age but not with the vision or outer retinal structures in eyes with RP. Outer retinal structure integrity and CMT had a better correlation with visual acuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Chhablani
- Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Retina Vitreous Centre, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L.V. Prasad Marg, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ganesh Babu Jonnadula
- Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Retina Vitreous Centre, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L.V. Prasad Marg, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - P. Srinivasa Rao
- L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Kode Venkatadri Chowdary Campus, Tadigadapa, Vijayawada 521137, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Amarnath Venkata
- Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Retina Vitreous Centre, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L.V. Prasad Marg, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Subhadra Jalali
- Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Retina Vitreous Centre, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L.V. Prasad Marg, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, Andhra Pradesh, India
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32
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Abstract
Optogenetics is the use of genetic methods combined with optical technology to achieve gain or loss of function within neuronal circuits. The field of optogenetics has been rapidly expanding in efforts to restore visual function to blinding diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Most work in the field includes a group of light-sensitive retinaldehyde-binding proteins known as opsins. Opsins couple photon absorption to molecular signaling chains that control cellular ion currents. Targeting of opsin genes to surviving retinal cells is fundamental to the success of optogenetic therapy. Viral delivery, primarily adeno-associated virus, using intravitreal injection for inner retinal cells and subretinal injection for outer retinal cells, has proven successful in many models. Challenges in bioengineering remain for optogenetics including relative insensitivity of opsins to physiologic light levels of stimulation and difficulty with viral delivery in primate models. However, targeting optogenetic therapy may present an even greater challenge. Neural and glial remodeling seen in advanced stages of RP result in reorganization of remaining neural retina, and optogenetic therapy may not yield functional results. Remodeling also poses a challenge to the selection of cellular targets, with bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells all playing distinct physiologic roles, and affected by remodeling differently. Although optogenetics has drawn closer to clinical utility, advances in opsin engineering, therapeutic targeting and ultimately in molecular inhibition of remodeling will play critical roles in the continued clinical advancement of optogenetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley S Henriksen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Robert E Marc
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Paul S Bernstein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Fernandez-San Jose P, Blanco-Kelly F, Corton M, Trujillo-Tiebas MJ, Gimenez A, Avila-Fernandez A, Garcia-Sandoval B, Lopez-Molina MI, Hernan I, Carballo M, Riveiro-Alvarez R, Ayuso C. Prevalence of Rhodopsin mutations in autosomal dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa in Spain: clinical and analytical review in 200 families. Acta Ophthalmol 2015; 93:e38-44. [PMID: 25408095 DOI: 10.1111/aos.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to determine the prevalence of mutations in the RHO gene in Spanish families with autosomal dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa (adRP), to assess genotype-phenotype correlations and to establish an accurate diagnostic algorithm after 23 years of data collection. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two hundred patients were analysed through a combination of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, single-strand conformation polymorphism, genotyping microarray and Sanger sequencing of the RHO gene. RESULTS Overall, 42 of 200 Spanish adRP families were mutated for RHO (21.0%). Twenty-seven different RHO mutations were detected; seven of them were novel. A genotype-phenotype correlation was established with clinical data from 107 patients. The most prevalent p.Pro347Leu mutation, responsible for 4.5% (9/200) of all mutated adRP families, was associated with a phenotype of early onset and severe course diffuse RP. CONCLUSIONS This retrospective study provides a wide spectrum of mutations in the RHO gene in Spanish patients with adRP. Also, the prevalence of mutations is similar to that reported in European population. Genotyping microarray followed by RHO sequencing is proposed as a first step in molecular diagnosis of adRP Spanish families. An increasing understanding of causal RHO alleles in adRP facilitates disease diagnosis and prognosis, especially for the prevalent p.Pro347Leu mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Fernandez-San Jose
- Department of Genetics; Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz; University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM); Madrid Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases CIBERER; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Fiona Blanco-Kelly
- Department of Genetics; Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz; University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM); Madrid Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases CIBERER; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Marta Corton
- Department of Genetics; Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz; University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM); Madrid Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases CIBERER; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Trujillo-Tiebas
- Department of Genetics; Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz; University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM); Madrid Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases CIBERER; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Ascension Gimenez
- Department of Genetics; Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz; University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM); Madrid Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases CIBERER; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Almudena Avila-Fernandez
- Department of Genetics; Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz; University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM); Madrid Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases CIBERER; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Blanca Garcia-Sandoval
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases CIBERER; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology; Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz; University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM); Madrid Spain
| | - Maria-Isabel Lopez-Molina
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases CIBERER; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology; Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz; University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM); Madrid Spain
| | - Inma Hernan
- Molecular Genetics Unit; Hospital de Terrassa; Terrassa Barcelona Spain
| | - Miguel Carballo
- Molecular Genetics Unit; Hospital de Terrassa; Terrassa Barcelona Spain
| | - Rosa Riveiro-Alvarez
- Department of Genetics; Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz; University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM); Madrid Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases CIBERER; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Department of Genetics; Health Research Institute Fundacion Jimenez Diaz; University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM); Madrid Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases CIBERER; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
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Domanico D, Fragiotta S, Cutini A, Grenga PL, Vingolo EM. Psychosis, Mood and Behavioral Disorders in Usher Syndrome: Review of the Literature. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2015; 4:50-5. [PMID: 26060830 PMCID: PMC4458326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to focus the current knowledge about mental and behavioral disorders in Usher syndrome. Previous studies described the presence of various mental disorders associated with Usher syndrome, suggesting possible mechanisms of association between these disorders. The most common manifestations are schizophrenia-like disorder and psychotic symptoms. Mood and behavioral disorders are rarely described, and often are associated with more complex cases in co-occurrence with other psychiatric disorders. Neuroimaging studies reported diffuse involvement of central nervous system (CNS) in Usher patients, suggesting a possible role of CNS damage in the pathogenesis of psychiatric manifestations. Genetic hypothesis and stress-related theories have also been proposed.
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Abstract
To evaluate the effect of chlorogenic acid supplementation in patients with retinitis pigmentosa, we evaluated objective change in visual function with multifocal electroretinography, along with visual acuity, visual field, standard electroretinography, and contrast sensitivity. Eighteen patients diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa were enrolled in this prospective, non-comparative, single-arm study. Multifocal electroretinography, best-corrected visual acuity in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters, total point score on visual field examination with Humphrey Field Analyzer II, electroretinography, and contrast sensitivity were measured and repeated after 3 months supplementation with chlorogenic acid. The amplitude of ring 5 was significantly higher on multifocal electroretinography after 3 months of chlorogenic acid supplementation (7.2 ± 9.5 vs 8.3 ± 10.8 nV/deg(2), mean ± standard deviation, P = 0.022). There were no significant changes in the best-corrected visual acuity, total point score on Humphrey Field Analyzer, 30 Hz flicker amplitude on standard electroretinography, or contrast sensitivity. Chlorogenic acid may have a beneficial effect on the peripheral area at the margins of retinal degeneration, and should be considered as an anti-oxidant for the management of retinitis pigmentosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Young Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong Gon Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Sensory Organs Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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36
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Farinelli P, Arango-Gonzalez B, Völkl J, Alesutan I, Lang F, Zrenner E, Paquet-Durand F, Ekström PAR. Retinitis Pigmentosa: over-expression of anti-ageing protein Klotho in degenerating photoreceptors. J Neurochem 2013; 127:868-79. [PMID: 23796581 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Retinitis Pigmentosa involves a hereditary degeneration of photoreceptors by as yet unresolved mechanisms. The secretable protein α-Klotho has a function related to ageing processes, and α-Klotho-deficient mice have reduced lifespan and declining functions in several tissues. Here, we studied Klotho in connection with inherited photoreceptor degeneration. Increased nuclear immunostaining for α-Klotho protein was seen in degenerating photoreceptors in four different Retinitis Pigmentosa models (rd1, rd2 mice; P23H, S334ter rhodopsin mutant rats). Correspondingly, in rd1 retina α-Klotho mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated. Moreover, immunostaining for another Klotho family protein, β-Klotho, also co-localized with degenerating rd1 photoreceptors. The rd1 retina displayed reduced levels of fibroblast growth factor 15, a member of the fibroblast growth factor subfamily for which Klotho acts as a co-receptor. Exogenous α-Klotho protein added to retinal explant cultures did not affect cell death in rd1 retinae, but caused a severe layer disordering in wild-type retinae. Our study suggests Klotho as a novel player in the retina, with a clear connection to photoreceptor cell death as well as with an influence on retinal organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Farinelli
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden; Division of Experimental Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Ghassemi F, Akbari-Kamrani M. Retinitis Pigmentosa Associated with Vasoproliferative Tumors and Coats-like Fundus. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2013; 8:268-70. [PMID: 24349671 PMCID: PMC3853785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report two cases of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) associated with vasoproliferative tumors (VPTs) and Coats-like fundus. CASE REPORTS Two patients with RP presented with recent loss of vision due to combined VPTs and Coats-like retinal vascular alterations. One patient had two VPTs with adjacent capillary nonperfusion, telangiectasia and aneurysmal vascular changes in one eye. The other patient had prominent VPT with Coats-like retinal vascular alterations in both eyes. These lesions received treatment resulting in improved vision in both patients. CONCLUSION Although rare, VPTs and Coats-like retinal vascular alterations including retinal exudation associated with telangiectatic vessels, aneurysmal changes and capillary nonperfusion may occur in patients with RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Ghassemi
- Correspondence to: Fariba Ghassemi, MD. Ocular Oncology and Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, South Kargar Street, Qazvin Square, Tehran 1336616351, Iran; Tel: +98 21 5542 1006, Fax: +98 21 5541 61 34; e-mail: fariba.ghassemi@ gmail.com
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Baid R, Upadhyay AK, Shinohara T, Kompella UB. Biosynthesis, characterization, and efficacy in retinal degenerative diseases of lens epithelium-derived growth factor fragment (LEDGF1-326), a novel therapeutic protein. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:17372-83. [PMID: 23640891 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.441618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
For vision-threatening retinitis pigmentosa and dry age-related macular degeneration, there are no United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatments. We identified, biosynthesized, purified, and characterized lens epithelium-derived growth factor fragment (LEDGF1-326) as a novel protein therapeutic. LEDGF1-326 was produced at about 20 mg/liter of culture when expressed in the Escherichia coli system, with about 95% purity and aggregate-free homogeneous population with a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 9 ± 1 nm. The free energy of unfolding of LEDGF1-326 was 3.3 ± 0.5 kcal mol(-1), and melting temperature was 44.8 ± 0.2 °C. LEDGF1-326 increased human retinal pigment epithelial cell viability from 48.3 ± 5.6 to 119.3 ± 21.1% in the presence of P23H mutant rhodopsin-mediated aggregation stress. LEDGF1-326 also increased retinal pigment epithelial cell FluoSphere uptake to 140 ± 10%. Eight weeks after single intravitreal injection in Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats, LEDGF1-326 increased the b-wave amplitude significantly from 9.4 ± 4.6 to 57.6 ± 8.8 μV for scotopic electroretinogram and from 10.9 ± 5.6 to 45.8 ± 15.2 μV for photopic electroretinogram. LEDGF1-326 significantly increased the retinal outer nuclear layer thickness from 6.34 ± 1.6 to 11.7 ± 0.7 μm. LEDGF1-326 is a potential new therapeutic agent for treating retinal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinku Baid
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
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Sheth SS, Rush RB, Natarajan S. Inner and outer retinal volumetric and morphologic analysis of the macula with spectral domain optical coherence tomography in retinitis pigmentosa. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2013; 19:227-30. [PMID: 22623864 PMCID: PMC3353673 DOI: 10.4103/0974-9233.95258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To use spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess the features of the inner and outer layers of the macula in subjects with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Design: Prospective observational comparative study. Materials and Methods: Subjects with RP with reduced central visual acuity and central macular thinning (RP group) underwent spectral domain OCT evaluation along with age-matched healthy control subjects (control group). Using the E-MM5 raster protocol, a 5 × 5 mm central macular cut was acquired with inner and outer macular volumes serving as the primary outcome measures. A structural analysis of the inner and outer retinal layers at the macula in the RP group was also performed using the HD cross-line protocol. Results: The RP group comprised six eyes of six RP subjects and control group comprised six eyes of six control subjects. The outer macular volume was significantly lower (P<0.05) in the RP group (2.01±0.44 mm3) compared to the control group (4.68±0.16 mm3). There was no difference in the mean inner macular volume between the RP group (2.46±0.24 mm3) and the control group (2.55±0.22 mm3). No significant structural alteration was noted in the inner retinal layers of the RP group. There was no significant correlation (r = -0.04, P>0.05) between best-corrected visual acuity and outer macular volume in the RP group. Conclusions: Spectral domain OCT findings confirm that RP preferentially affects the outer retinal layers in the macula. Although the number of patients included in this study was small, it demonstrated relatively well-preserved volume and morphology of the inner retinal layers using spectral domain OCT.
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Abstract
There has been no report about hereditary and clinical features of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in Koreans. To evaluate these, data were collected from 365 RP patients including age, gender, visual acuity (VA), spherical equivalent (SE) of refractive errors, funduscopic findings, color vision test, visual field score (VFS) obtained from Goldmann perimetry, and the inheritance patterns from pedigrees. Simplex RP was the most common inheritance pattern (61.9%); followed by autosomal recessive RP (17.3%), autosomal dominant RP (12.1%) and X-linked recessive RP (8.8%). Myopia was the most common refractive errors (77.5%) including 16.1% of high myopia. The most common cataract type was posterior subcapsular cataract (25.8%). Observed retinal findings included changes of retinal pigment epithelium (88.8%), bony spicule-like pigmentation (79.7%), attenuation of retinal vessel (76.2%), waxy disc pallor (12.6%), golden ring around optic disc (2.2%), epiretinal membrane (0.8%) and cystoid macular edema (0.5%). Corrected VA and refractive errors did not show any significant difference between the inheritance patterns. VFS was significantly worse in autosomal recessive RP than in autosomal dominant RP. Color vision defect was noted in 66.1% on Hardy-Rand-Rittlers color vision test. In conclusion, Korean RP patients have the indigenous hereditary and clinical features as well as the ordinary ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ho Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong Gon Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Research Institute for Sensory Organs, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Mo Seo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Woong Moon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Woong Moon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Jin Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hum Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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