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Liang Q, Vlaar EC, Catalano F, Pijnenburg JM, Stok M, van Helsdingen Y, Vulto AG, Unger WW, van der Ploeg AT, Pijnappel WP, van Til NP. Lentiviral gene therapy prevents anti-human acid α-glucosidase antibody formation in murine Pompe disease. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 25:520-532. [PMID: 35662813 PMCID: PMC9127119 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is the current standard treatment for Pompe disease, a lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA). ERT has shown to be lifesaving in patients with classic infantile Pompe disease. However, a major drawback is the development of neutralizing antibodies against ERT. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell-mediated lentiviral gene therapy (HSPC-LVGT) provides a novel, potential lifelong therapy with a single intervention and may induce immune tolerance. Here, we investigated whether ERT can be safely applied as additional or alternative therapy following HSPC-LVGT in a murine model of Pompe disease. We found that lentiviral expression at subtherapeutic dose was sufficient to induce tolerance to the transgene product, as well as to subsequently administered ERT. Immune tolerance was established within 4–6 weeks after gene therapy. The mice tolerated ERT doses up to 100 mg/kg, allowing ERT to eliminate glycogen accumulation in cardiac and skeletal muscle and normalizing locomotor function. The presence of HSPC-derived cells expressing GAA in the thymus suggested the establishment of central immune tolerance. These findings demonstrate that lentiviral gene therapy in murine Pompe disease induced robust and long-term immune tolerance to GAA either expressed by a transgene or supplied as ERT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Liang
- Department of Hematology and Research Laboratory of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Molecular Stem Cell Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eva C. Vlaar
- Molecular Stem Cell Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fabio Catalano
- Molecular Stem Cell Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joon M. Pijnenburg
- Molecular Stem Cell Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Merel Stok
- Molecular Stem Cell Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Helsdingen
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arnold G. Vulto
- Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wendy W.J. Unger
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ans T. van der Ploeg
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W.W.M. Pim Pijnappel
- Molecular Stem Cell Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author W.W.M. Pim Pijnappel, PhD, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Niek P. van Til
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Martinet J, Bourdenet G, Meliani A, Jean L, Adriouch S, Cohen JL, Mingozzi F, Boyer O. Induction of Hematopoietic Microchimerism by Gene-Modified BMT Elicits Antigen-Specific B and T Cell Unresponsiveness toward Gene Therapy Products. Front Immunol 2016; 7:360. [PMID: 27695454 PMCID: PMC5023671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene therapy is a promising treatment option for hemophilia and other protein deficiencies. However, immune responses against the transgene product represent an obstacle to safe and effective gene therapy, urging for the implementation of tolerization strategies. Induction of a hematopoietic chimerism via bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a potent means for inducing immunological tolerance in solid organ transplantation. OBJECTIVES We reasoned, here, that the same viral vector could be used, first, to transduce BM cells for inducing chimerism-associated transgene-specific immune tolerance and, second, for correcting protein deficiencies by vector-mediated systemic production of the deficient coagulation factor. METHODS Evaluation of strategies to induce B and T cell tolerance was performed using ex vivo gene transfer with lentiviral (LV) vectors encoding coagulation factor IX (FIX) or the SIINFEKL epitope of ovalbumin. Following induction of microchimerism via BMT, animals were challenged with in vivo gene transfer with LV vectors. RESULTS The experimental approach prevented humoral immune response against FIX, resulting in persistence of therapeutic levels of circulating FIX, after LV-mediated gene transfer in vivo. In an ovalbumin model, we also demonstrated that this approach effectively tolerized the CD8+ T cell compartment in an antigen-specific manner. CONCLUSION These results provide the proof-of-concept that inducing a microchimerism by gene-modified BMT is a powerful tool to provide transgene-specific B and T cell tolerance in a gene therapy setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Martinet
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Pathophysiology and Biotherapy of Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases, INSERM, CHU Rouen , Rouen , France
| | - Gwladys Bourdenet
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Pathophysiology and Biotherapy of Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases, INSERM, CHU Rouen , Rouen , France
| | - Amine Meliani
- U974, INSERM, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France; Genethon, Evry, France
| | - Laetitia Jean
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Pathophysiology and Biotherapy of Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases, INSERM, CHU Rouen , Rouen , France
| | - Sahil Adriouch
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Pathophysiology and Biotherapy of Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases, INSERM, CHU Rouen , Rouen , France
| | | | - Federico Mingozzi
- U974, INSERM, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France; Genethon, Evry, France
| | - Olivier Boyer
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Pathophysiology and Biotherapy of Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases, INSERM, CHU Rouen , Rouen , France
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Lu L, Zhang G, Li R, Zhao Z, Li W, Liu T, Fu W. Molecular Chimeric Recipient Precursor T Cells Promote Cardiac Allograft Survival in Mice. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:2978-84. [PMID: 26707325 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular chimerism has become a potential method to induce donor-specific transplant tolerance. We researched the prolongation of cardiac allograft survival by recipient mouse molecular chimeric precursor T cells (pre-T cells) or hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) infusion in vivo. METHODS The donor C57BL/6 mouse MHC-I gene (H-2K(b) and H-2D(b) gene) were amplified by RT-PCR. The identified recipient BALB/c mouse pre-T cells and HSCs were transduced by the pMSCVneo retroviral vector of C57BL/6 mouse MHC-I gene (pMSCVneo-H-2D(b)/H-2K(b)). Then the molecular chimeric cells were transfused back to the BALB/c mice. Allogeneic T-lymphocyte proliferation was assessed in mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR). A mouse model of heterotopic abdominal heart transplantation was performed to evaluate survival times and histological grade of acute rejection at 7 days after transplantation. RESULTS BALB/c mice molecular chimeric pre-T cells and HSCs were cultured successfully after pMSCV-H-2D(b)/H-2K(b) transduction. After the molecular chimeric pre-T cell treatment, the result of MLR showed that the stimulating index of allogeneic T lymphocyte had a statistically significant decrease, which also exhibited a significant reduction after molecular chimeric HSC treatment. The survival time of cardiac allograft was prolonged after chimeric pre-T cell or HSC infusion; meanwhile, pathologic rejection grade decreased significantly. Nevertheless, molecular chimeric pre-T cells exhibited a longer median survival time. CONCLUSION The molecular chimeric recipient mouse pre-T cell or HSC infusion reduced spleen T cells' response to allogeneic T cells in vitro and delayed cardiac allograft rejection in vivo. Pre-T cells have more advantages than HSCs on the prolongation of mouse cardiac allograft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - G Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - R Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Z Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - W Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - T Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - W Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Baranyi U, Pilat N, Gattringer M, Linhart B, Klaus C, Schwaiger E, Iacomini J, Valenta R, Wekerle T. Persistent molecular microchimerism induces long-term tolerance towards a clinically relevant respiratory allergen. Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 42:1282-92. [PMID: 22805476 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.04049.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of antigen-specific preventive strategies is a challenging goal in IgE-mediated allergy. We have recently shown in proof-of-concept experiments that allergy can be successfully prevented by induction of durable tolerance via molecular chimerism. Transplantation of syngeneic hematopoietic stem cells genetically modified to express the clinically relevant grass pollen allergen Phl p 5 into myeloablated recipients led to high levels of chimerism (i.e. macrochimerism) and completely abrogated Phl p 5-specific immunity despite repeated immunizations with Phl p 5. OBJECTIVE It was unclear, however, whether microchimerism (drastically lower levels of chimerism) would be sufficient as well which would allow development of minimally toxic tolerance protocols. METHODS Bone marrow cells were transduced with recombinant viruses integrating Phl p 5 to be expressed in a membrane-anchored fashion. The syngeneic modified cells were transplanted into non-myeloablated recipients that were subsequently immunized repeatedly with Phl p 5 and Bet v 1 (control). Molecular chimerism was monitored using flow cytometry and PCR. T cell, B-cell and effector-cell tolerance were assessed by allergen-specific proliferation assays, isotype levels in sera and RBL assays. RESULTS Here we demonstrate that transplantation of Phl p 5-expressing bone marrow cells into recipients having received non-myeloablative irradiation resulted in chimerism persisting for the length of follow-up. Chimerism levels, however, declined from transient macrochimerism levels to persistent levels of microchimerism (followed for 11 months). Notably, these chimerism levels were sufficient to induce B-cell tolerance as no Phl p 5-specific IgE and other high affinity isotypes were detectable in sera of chimeric mice. Furthermore, T-cell and effector-cell tolerance were achieved. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Low levels of persistent molecular chimerism are sufficient to induce long-term tolerance in IgE-mediated allergy. These results suggest that it will be possible to develop minimally toxic conditioning regimens sufficient for low level engraftment of genetically modified bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Baranyi
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Jindra PT, Tripathi S, Tian C, Iacomini J, Bagley J. Tolerance to MHC class II disparate allografts through genetic modification of bone marrow. Gene Ther 2012; 20:478-86. [PMID: 22833118 PMCID: PMC3651743 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2012.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Induction of molecular chimerism through genetic modification of bone marrow is a powerful tool for the induction of tolerance. Here we demonstrate for the first time that expression of an allogeneic MHC class II gene in autologous bone marrow cells, resulting in a state of molecular chimerism, induces tolerance to MHC class II mismatched skin grafts, a stringent test of transplant tolerance. Reconstitution of recipients with syngeneic bone marrow transduced with retrovirus encoding H-2I-Ab (I-Ab) resulted the long-term expression of the retroviral gene product on the surface of MHC class II-expressing bone marrow derived cell types. Mechanistically, tolerance was maintained by the presence of regulatory T cells, which prevented proliferation and cytokine production by alloreactive host T cells. Thus, the introduction of MHC class II genes into bone marrow derived cells through genetic engineering results in tolerance. These results have the potential to extend the clinical applicability of molecular chimerism for tolerance induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P T Jindra
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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6
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Baranyi U, Gattringer M, Valenta R, Wekerle T. Cell-based therapy in allergy. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2011; 352:161-79. [PMID: 21598105 DOI: 10.1007/82_2011_127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
IgE-mediated allergy is an immunological disorder occurring in response to otherwise harmless environmental antigens (i.e., allergens). Development of effective therapeutic or preventive approaches inducing robust tolerance toward allergens remains an unmet goal. Several experimental tolerance approaches have been described. The therapeutic use of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the establishment of molecular chimerism are two cell-based strategies that are of particular interest. Treg therapy is close to clinical application, but its efficacy remains to be fully defined. Recent proof-of-concept studies demonstrated that transplantation of syngeneic hematopoietic stem cells modified in vitro to express a major allergen leads to molecular chimerism and robust allergen-specific tolerance. Here we review cell-based tolerance strategies in allergy, discussing their potentials and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Baranyi
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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7
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Tian C, Yuan X, Jindra PT, Bagley J, Sayegh MH, Iacomini J. Induction of transplantation tolerance to fully mismatched cardiac allografts by T cell mediated delivery of alloantigen. Clin Immunol 2010; 136:174-87. [PMID: 20452826 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2010.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Induction of transplantation tolerance has the potential to allow for allograft acceptance without the need for life-long immunosuppression. Here we describe a novel approach that uses delivery of alloantigen by mature T cells to induce tolerance to fully allogeneic cardiac grafts. Adoptive transfer of mature alloantigen-expressing T cells into myeloablatively conditioned mice results in long-term acceptance of fully allogeneic heart transplants without evidence of chronic rejection. Since myeloablative conditioning is clinically undesirable we further demonstrated that adoptive transfer of mature alloantigen-expressing T cells alone into mice receiving non-myeloablative conditioning resulted in long-term acceptance of fully allogeneic heart allografts with minimal evidence of chronic rejection. Mechanistically, tolerance induction involved both deletion of donor-reactive host T cells and the development of regulatory T cells. Thus, delivery of alloantigen by mature T cells induces tolerance to fully allogeneic organ allografts in non-myeloablatively conditioned recipients, representing a novel approach for tolerance induction in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaorui Tian
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Alderuccio F, Chan J, Toh BH. Tweaking the immune system: Gene therapy-assisted autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a treatment for autoimmune disease. Autoimmunity 2009; 41:679-85. [DOI: 10.1080/08916930802197123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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9
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Eixarch H, Espejo C, Gómez A, Mansilla MJ, Castillo M, Mildner A, Vidal F, Gimeno R, Prinz M, Montalban X, Barquinero J. Tolerance induction in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis using non-myeloablative hematopoietic gene therapy with autoantigen. Mol Ther 2009; 17:897-905. [PMID: 19277013 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2009.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) constitutes a paradigm of antigen (Ag)-specific T cell driven autoimmune diseases. In this study, we transferred bone marrow cells (BMCs) expressing an autoantigen (autoAg), the peptide 40-55 of the myelin oligodendrocytic glycoprotein (MOG(40-55)), to induce preventive and therapeutic immune tolerance in a murine EAE model. Transfer of BMC expressing MOG(40-55) (IiMOG-BMC) into partially myeloablated mice resulted in molecular chimerism and in robust protection from the experimental disease. In addition, in mice with established EAE, transfer of transduced BMC with or without partial myeloablation reduced the clinical and histopathological severity of the disease. In these experiments, improvement was observed even in the absence of engraftment of the transduced hematopoietic cells, probably rejected due to the previous immunization with the autoAg. Splenocytes from mice transplanted with IiMOG-BMC produced significantly higher amounts of interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-10 upon autoAg challenge than those of control animals, suggesting the participation of regulatory cells. Altogether, these results suggest that different tolerogenic mechanisms may be mediating the preventive and the therapeutic effects. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that a cell therapy using BMC expressing an autoAg can induce Ag-specific tolerance and ameliorate established EAE even in a nonmyeloablative setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herena Eixarch
- Centre de Teixits i Teràpia Cel.lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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Tian C, Yuan X, Bagley J, Blazar BR, Sayegh MH, Iacomini J. Induction of transplantation tolerance by combining non-myeloablative conditioning with delivery of alloantigen by T cells. Clin Immunol 2008; 127:130-7. [PMID: 18280792 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2008.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Revised: 12/31/2007] [Accepted: 01/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The observation that bone marrow derived hematopoietic cells are potent inducers of tolerance has generated interest in trying to establish transplantation tolerance by inducing a state of hematopoietic chimerism through allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. However, this approach is associated with serious complications that limit its utility for tolerance induction. Here we describe the development of a novel approach that allows for tolerance induction without the need for an allogeneic bone marrow transplant by combining non-myeloablative host conditioning with delivery of donor alloantigen by adoptively transferred T cells. CBA/Ca mice were administered 2.5 Gy whole body irradiation (WBI). The following day the mice received K(b) disparate T cells from MHC class I transgenic CBK donor mice, as well as rapamycin on days 0-13 and anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody on days 0-5, 8, 11 and 14 relative to T cell transfer. Mice treated using this approach were rendered specifically tolerant to CBK skin allografts through a mechanism involving central and peripheral deletion of alloreactive T cells. These data suggest robust tolerance can be established without the need for bone marrow transplantation using clinically relevant non-myeloablative conditioning combined with antigen delivery by T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaorui Tian
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue LM303, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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11
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Tian C, Ansari MJI, Paez-Cortez J, Bagley J, Godwin J, Donnarumma M, Sayegh MH, Iacomini J. Induction of robust diabetes resistance and prevention of recurrent type 1 diabetes following islet transplantation by gene therapy. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 179:6762-9. [PMID: 17982066 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.10.6762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) can be prevented in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice by reconstitution with autologous hemopoietic stem cells retrovirally transduced with viruses encoding MHC class II I-A beta-chain molecules associated with protection from the disease. In this study we examined whether a blockade of the programmed death-1 (PD-1)-programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway, a major pathway known to control diabetes occurrence, could precipitate T1D in young NOD mice following reconstitution with autologous bone marrow retrovirally transduced with viruses encoding protective MHC class II I-A beta-chain molecules. In addition, we examined whether the expression of protective MHC class II alleles in hemopoietic cells could be used to prevent the recurrence of diabetes in mice with pre-existing disease following islet transplantation. Protection from the occurrence of T1D diabetes in young NOD mice by the expression of protective MHC class II I-A beta-chain molecules in bone marrow-derived hemopoietic cells was resistant to induction by PD-1-PD-L1 blockade. Moreover, reconstitution of NOD mice with pre-existing T1D autologous hemopoietic stem cells transduced with viruses encoding protective MHC class II I-A beta-chains allowed for the successful transplantation of syngeneic islets, resulting in the long-term reversal of T1D. Reversal of diabetes was resistant to induction by PD-1-PDL-1 blockade and depletion of CD25(+) T cells. These data suggest that expression of protective MHC class II alleles in bone marrow-derived cells establishes robust self-tolerance to islet autoantigens and is sufficient to prevent the recurrence of autoimmune diabetes following islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaorui Tian
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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12
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Tian C, Bagley J, Iacomini J. Homeostatic expansion permits T cells to re-enter the thymus and deliver antigen in a tolerogenic fashion. Am J Transplant 2007; 7:1934-41. [PMID: 17617856 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01891.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We previously have shown that delivery of alloantigen on T cells can be used to induce tolerance through central deletion. Here, we analyzed the requirements for tolerance induced by T cells. Adoptively transferred allogeneic T cells undergo extensive homeostatic proliferation in the periphery of lethally irradiated hosts receiving a syngeneic bone marrow transplant, and acquire a memory-like cell surface phenotype. Analysis of the kinetics of thymic re-entry of transferred T cells revealed that T cells undergo homeostatic proliferation in the periphery prior to re-entry into the thymus. Prevention of homeostatic proliferation results in a failure of transferred T cells to re-enter the thymus. In the absence of homeostatic proliferation, adoptively transferred T cells were unable to induce tolerance. These date suggest that homeostatic proliferation of T cells resulting in an activated cell surface phenotype is required for thymic re-entry and is mechanistically linked to the ability of T cells to induce tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tian
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Bagley J, Tian C, Iacomini J. New Approaches to the Prevention of Organ Allograft Rejection and Tolerance Induction. Transplantation 2007; 84:S38-41. [PMID: 17632412 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000269185.28701.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic use of organ allograft transplantation is dependent on the discovery and clinical application of immunologic strategies to blunt the immune response and prevent graft rejection. It was the discovery of powerful immunotherapeutics such as cyclosporine A and rapamycin that has allowed for the widespread use of organ transplantation to treat organ failure. However, despite the attainment of impressive survival rates 1 year after organ transplantation, a significant number of organ allografts are lost to immune-mediated chronic rejection. Furthermore, significant morbidity and mortality can be associated with the use of currently available immunosuppressive regimens. Thus, the development of novel approaches to prevent of organ allograft rejection remains extremely important. Here we discuss two promising and novel avenues of research. First, the discovery and characterization of naturally occurring immune inhibitory signals have led to recent research aimed at exploiting these pathways to induce peripheral tolerance to alloantigen. Furthermore, we discuss new approaches to the induction of donor-specific tolerance by induction of molecular chimerism and the transfer of alloantigen-expressing mature T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessamyn Bagley
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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14
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Pree I, Pilat N, Wekerle T. Recent Progress in Tolerance Induction through Mixed Chimerism. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2007; 144:254-66. [PMID: 17596699 DOI: 10.1159/000104740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ transplant recipients require life-long treatment with immunosuppressive drugs. Currently available immunosuppression is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, and is ineffective in inhibiting chronic rejection and graft loss. Therefore, a permanent state of donor-specific tolerance remains a primary goal for transplantation research. The induction of mixed hematopoietic chimerism is an attractive concept in this regard. Hematopoietic chimerism modulates the immunologic repertoire by extending the mechanisms of self-tolerance to donor-specific allotolerance. Despite recent progress in developing nontoxic bone marrow transplantation protocols for rodents, translation to large animals has remained difficult. Here, we outline the concept of tolerance via mixed chimerism, and review recent progress and remaining challenges in bringing this approach to the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Pree
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Tian C, Bagley J, Iacomini J. Persistence of antigen is required to maintain transplantation tolerance induced by genetic modification of bone marrow stem cells. Am J Transplant 2006; 6:2202-7. [PMID: 16827788 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01455.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Genetic modification of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) resulting in a state of molecular chimerism can be used to induce donor-specific tolerance to allografts. However, the requirements for maintaining tolerance in molecular chimeras remain unknown. Here, we examined whether long-term expression of a retrovirally encoded alloantigen in hematopoietic cells is required to maintain donor-specific tolerance in molecular chimeras. To this end, mice were reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow transduced with retroviruses carrying the gene encoding the allogeneic MHC class I molecule Kb. Following induction of molecular chimerism, mice were depleted of cells expressing Kb by administration of the anti-Kb monoclonal antibody Y-3. Mice that were effectively depleted of cells expressing the retrovirally encoded MHC class I antigen rejected Kb disparate skin allografts. In contrast, control molecular chimeras accepted Kb disparate skin allografts indefinitely. These data suggest maintenance of tolerance in molecular chimeras requires long-term expression of retrovirally transduced alloantigen on the progeny of retrovirally transduced HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tian
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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