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Mosala P, Mpotje T, Abdel Aziz N, Ndlovu H, Musaigwa F, Nono JK, Brombacher F. Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 as a potential target for host-directed therapy during chronic schistosomiasis in murine model. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1279043. [PMID: 38840916 PMCID: PMC11150569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1279043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis remains the most devastating neglected tropical disease, affecting over 240 million people world-wide. The disease is caused by the eggs laid by mature female worms that are trapped in host's tissues, resulting in chronic Th2 driven fibrogranulmatous pathology. Although the disease can be treated with a relatively inexpensive drug, praziquantel (PZQ), re-infections remain a major problem in endemic areas. There is a need for new therapeutic drugs and alternative drug treatments for schistosomiasis. The current study hypothesized that cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) could mediate fibroproliferative pathology during schistosomiasis. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are potent lipid mediators that are known to be key players in inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. The present study aimed to investigate the role of cysLTR1 during experimental acute and chronic schistosomiasis using cysLTR1-/- mice, as well as the use of cysLTR1 inhibitor (Montelukast) to assess immune responses during chronic Schistosoma mansoni infection. Mice deficient of cysLTR1 and littermate control mice were infected with either high or low dose of Schistosoma mansoni to achieve chronic or acute schistosomiasis, respectively. Hepatic granulomatous inflammation, hepatic fibrosis and IL-4 production in the liver was significantly reduced in mice lacking cysLTR1 during chronic schistosomiasis, while reduced liver pathology was observed during acute schistosomiasis. Pharmacological blockade of cysLTR1 using montelukast in combination with PZQ reduced hepatic inflammation and parasite egg burden in chronically infected mice. Combination therapy led to the expansion of Tregs in chronically infected mice. We show that the disruption of cysLTR1 is dispensable for host survival during schistosomiasis, suggesting an important role cysLTR1 may play during early immunity against schistosomiasis. Our findings revealed that the combination of montelukast and PZQ could be a potential prophylactic treatment for chronic schistosomiasis by reducing fibrogranulomatous pathology in mice. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that cysLTR1 is a potential target for host-directed therapy to ameliorate fibrogranulomatous pathology in the liver during chronic and acute schistosomiasis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paballo Mosala
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thabo Mpotje
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nada Abdel Aziz
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
- Immuno-Biotechnology Lab, Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hlumani Ndlovu
- Division of Chemical and System Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Fungai Musaigwa
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Justin Komguep Nono
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
- Unit of Immunobiology and Helminth Infections, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Frank Brombacher
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa
- Welcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa) and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Rong Y, Liu F, Zhou H, Yu T, Qin Z, Cao Q, Liu L, Ma X, Qu L, Xu P, Liao X, Jiang Q, Zhang N, Xu X. Reprogramming of arachidonic acid metabolism using α-terpineol to alleviate asthma: insights from metabolomics. Food Funct 2024; 15:4292-4309. [PMID: 38526853 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04078j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder in airways with typical pathologic features of airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion. α-Terpineol is a monocyclic terpene found in many natural plants and foods. It has been reported to possess a wide range of pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory and expectorant effects. However, the role of α-terpineol in asthma and its potential protective mechanism have not been well elucidated. This study is designed to investigate the pharmacological effect and mechanism of α-terpineol on asthmatic mice using the metabolomics platform. A murine model of asthma was established using ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and then challenged for one week. The leukocyte count and inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung histopathology, inflammatory infiltrate and mucus secretion were evaluated. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)-based metabolomics study was performed on lung tissues and serum to explore endogenous small molecule metabolites affected by α-terpineol in asthmatic mice. After α-terpineol treatment, leukocyte count, inflammatory cytokines in the BALF, and peribronchial inflammation infiltration were significantly downregulated. Goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus secretion were attenuated, with the level of Muc5ac in BALF decreased. These results proved the protective effect of α-terpineol against airway inflammation, mucus hypersecretion and Th1/Th2 immune imbalance. To further investigate the underlying mechanisms of α-terpineol in asthma treatment, UPLC-MS/MS-based metabolomics analysis was performed. 26 and 15 identified significant differential metabolites were found in the lung tissues and serum of the control, model and α-terpineol groups, respectively. Based on the above differential metabolites, enrichment analysis showed that arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism was reprogrammed in both mouse lung tissues and serum. 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are the key enzyme and the end product of AA metabolism, respectively. In-depth studies have shown that pretreatment with α-terpineol can alleviate asthma by decreasing the AA level, downregulating the expression of 5-LOX and reducing the accumulation of CysLTs in mouse lung tissues. In summary, this study demonstrates that α-terpineol is a potential agent that can prevent asthma via regulating disordered AA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Rong
- Department of Medical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Fanglin Liu
- Department of Medical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Medical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Medical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Zhaolong Qin
- Department of Medical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Qianwen Cao
- Department of Medical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Luyao Liu
- Department of Medical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Xiaoge Ma
- Department of Medical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Lingbo Qu
- Department of Medical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Peirong Xu
- Department of Medical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Xinglin Liao
- Nanyang LANHAISENYUAN Medical Technology Ltd, CO. Nanyang, Henan, 473000, China
| | - Qiman Jiang
- Nanyang LANHAISENYUAN Medical Technology Ltd, CO. Nanyang, Henan, 473000, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of Medical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
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Noronha LPT, Martins MDA, Castro-Junior AB, Thorstenberg ML, Costa-Soares L, Rangel TP, Carvalho-Gondim F, Rossi-Bergmann B, Savio LEB, Canetti CDA, Coutinho-Silva R. Cysteinyl-leukotrienes promote cutaneous Leishmaniasis control. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1192800. [PMID: 37377641 PMCID: PMC10291179 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1192800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease with few approved medications. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most frequent form, responsible for 0.7 - 1.0 million new cases annually worldwide. Leukotrienes are lipid mediators of inflammation produced in response to cell damage or infection. They are subdivided into leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and cysteinyl leukotrienes LTC4 and LTD4 (Cys-LTs), depending on the enzyme responsible for their production. Recently, we showed that LTB4 could be a target for purinergic signaling controlling Leishmania amazonensis infection; however, the importance of Cys-LTs in the resolution of infection remained unknown. Mice infected with L. amazonensis are a model of CL infection and drug screening. We found that Cys-LTs control L. amazonensis infection in susceptible (BALB/c) and resistant (C57BL/6) mouse strains. In vitro, Cys-LTs significantly diminished the L. amazonensis infection index in peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. In vivo, intralesional treatment with Cys-LTs reduced the lesion size and parasite loads in the infected footpads of C57BL/6 mice. The anti-leishmanial role of Cys-LTs depended on the purinergic P2X7 receptor, as infected cells lacking the receptor did not produce Cys-LTs in response to ATP. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of LTB4 and Cys-LTs for CL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Paula Trajano Noronha
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Monique Daiane Andrade Martins
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Archimedes Barbosa Castro-Junior
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Thorstenberg
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Laís Costa-Soares
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thuany Prado Rangel
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe Carvalho-Gondim
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudio de Azevedo Canetti
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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The phospholipase A 2 superfamily as a central hub of bioactive lipids and beyond. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 244:108382. [PMID: 36918102 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
In essence, "phospholipase A2" (PLA2) means a group of enzymes that release fatty acids and lysophospholipids by hydrolyzing the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids. To date, more than 50 enzymes possessing PLA2 or related lipid-metabolizing activities have been identified in mammals, and these are subdivided into several families in terms of their structures, catalytic mechanisms, tissue/cellular localizations, and evolutionary relationships. From a general viewpoint, the PLA2 superfamily has mainly been implicated in signal transduction, driving the production of a wide variety of bioactive lipid mediators. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that PLA2s also contribute to phospholipid remodeling or recycling for membrane homeostasis, fatty acid β-oxidation for energy production, and barrier lipid formation on the body surface. Accordingly, PLA2 enzymes are considered one of the key regulators of a broad range of lipid metabolism, and perturbation of specific PLA2-driven lipid pathways often disrupts tissue and cellular homeostasis and may be associated with a variety of diseases. This review covers current understanding of the physiological functions of the PLA2 superfamily, focusing particularly on the two major intracellular PLA2 families (Ca2+-dependent cytosolic PLA2s and Ca2+-independent patatin-like PLA2s) as well as other PLA2 families, based on studies using gene-manipulated mice and human diseases in combination with comprehensive lipidomics.
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Taketomi Y, Murakami M. Regulatory Roles of Phospholipase A2 Enzymes and Bioactive Lipids in Mast Cell Biology. Front Immunol 2022; 13:923265. [PMID: 35833146 PMCID: PMC9271868 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.923265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids play fundamental roles in life as an essential component of cell membranes, as a major source of energy, as a body surface barrier, and as signaling molecules that transmit intracellular and intercellular signals. Lipid mediators, a group of bioactive lipids that mediates intercellular signals, are produced via specific biosynthetic enzymes and transmit signals via specific receptors. Mast cells, a tissue-resident immune cell population, produce several lipid mediators that contribute to exacerbation or amelioration of allergic responses and also non-allergic inflammation, host defense, cancer and fibrosis by controlling the functions of microenvironmental cells as well as mast cell themselves in paracrine and autocrine fashions. Additionally, several bioactive lipids produced by stromal cells regulate the differentiation, maturation and activation of neighboring mast cells. Many of the bioactive lipids are stored in membrane phospholipids as precursor forms and released spatiotemporally by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes. Through a series of studies employing gene targeting and lipidomics, several enzymes belonging to the PLA2 superfamily have been demonstrated to participate in mast cell-related diseases by mobilizing unique bioactive lipids in multiple ways. In this review, we provide an overview of our current understanding of the regulatory roles of several PLA2-driven lipid pathways in mast cell biology.
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DJ-1 governs airway progenitor cell/eosinophil interactions to promote allergic inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:1178-1193.e13. [PMID: 35724763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DJ-1 is an antioxidant protein known to regulate mast cell mediated allergic response, but its role in airway eosinophilic interactions and allergic inflammation is not known. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the role of DJ-1 in airway eosinophilic inflammation in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Ovalbumin-induced airway allergic inflammation was established in mice. ELISA was adopted to analyze DJ-1 and cytokine levels in mouse bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Transcriptional profiling of mouse lung tissues was conducted by single-cell RNA sequencing technology. The role of DJ-1 in the differentiation of airway progenitor cells into goblet cells was examined by organoid cultures, immunofluorescence staining, quantitative PCR, and cell transplantation in normal, DJ-1 knockout (KO), or conditional DJ-1 KO mice. RESULTS We observed that DJ-1 was increased in the lung tissues of ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged mice. DJ-1 KO mice exhibited reduced airway eosinophil infiltration and goblet cell differentiation. Mechanistically, we discovered that eosinophil-club cell interactions are reduced in the absence of DJ-1. Organoid cultures indicated that eosinophils impair the proliferative potential of club cells. Intratracheal transplantation of DJ-1-deficient eosinophils suppresses airway goblet cell differentiation. Loss of DJ-1 inhibits the metabolism of arachidonic acid into cysteinyl leukotrienes in eosinophils while these secreted metabolites promote airway goblet cell fate in organoid cultures and in vivo. CONCLUSION DJ-1-mediated interactions between airway epithelial progenitor cells and immune cells are essential in controlling airway goblet cell metaplasia and eosinophilia. Blockade of the DJ-1 pathway is protective against airway allergic inflammation.
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Rahman MM, Bibi S, Rahaman MS, Rahman F, Islam F, Khan MS, Hasan MM, Parvez A, Hossain MA, Maeesa SK, Islam MR, Najda A, Al-Malky HS, Mohamed HRH, AlGwaiz HIM, Awaji AA, Germoush MO, Kensara OA, Abdel-Daim MM, Saeed M, Kamal MA. Natural therapeutics and nutraceuticals for lung diseases: Traditional significance, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113041. [PMID: 35658211 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), infections like influenza, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), asthma and pneumonia lung cancer (LC) are common causes of sickness and death worldwide due to their remoteness, cold and harsh climatic conditions, and inaccessible health care facilities. PURPOSE Many drugs have already been proposed for the treatment of lung diseases. Few of them are in clinical trials and have the potential to cure infectious diseases. Plant extracts or herbal products have been extensively used as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Indian Ayurveda. Moreover, it has been involved in the inhibition of certain genes/protiens effects to promote regulation of signaling pathways. Natural remedies have been scientifically proven with remarkable bioactivities and are considered a cheap and safe source for lung disease. METHODS This comprehensive review highlighted the literature about traditional plants and their metabolites with their applications for the treatment of lung diseases through experimental models in humans. Natural drugs information and mode of mechanism have been studied through the literature retrieved by Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Scopus and Medline PubMed resources against lung diseases. RESULTS In vitro, in vivo and computational studies have been explained for natural metabolites derived from plants (like flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids) against different types of lung diseases. Probiotics have also been biologically active therapeutics against cancer, anti-inflammation, antiplatelet, antiviral, and antioxidants associated with lung diseases. CONCLUSION The results of the mentioned natural metabolites repurposed for different lung diseases especially for SARS-CoV-2 should be evaluated more by advance computational applications, experimental models in the biological system, also need to be validated by clinical trials so that we may be able to retrieve potential drugs for most challenging lung diseases especially SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China; Department of Biosciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Milat University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Md Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firoza Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Saad Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Anwar Parvez
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abid Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saila Kabir Maeesa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable and Herbal Crops, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Hamdan S Al-Malky
- Regional Drug Information Center, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan R H Mohamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hussah I M AlGwaiz
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aeshah A Awaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University College of Taymaa, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa O Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box: 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A Kensara
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 7067, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudia Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
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Nakamura T. The roles of lipid mediators in type I hypersensitivity. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 147:126-131. [PMID: 34294363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I hypersensitivity is an immediate immune reaction that involves IgE-mediated activation of mast cells. Activated mast cells release chemical mediators, such as histamine and lipid mediators, which cause allergic reactions. Recent developments in detection devices have revealed that mast cells simultaneously release a wide variety of lipid mediators. Mounting evidence has revealed that mast cell-derived mediators exert both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions and positively and negatively regulate the development of allergic inflammation. This review presents the roles of major lipid mediators released from mast cells. Author believes this review will be helpful for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Nakamura
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
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Leukotriene D 4 role in allergic asthma pathogenesis from cellular and therapeutic perspectives. Life Sci 2020; 260:118452. [PMID: 32956660 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory and allergic disease that is mainly characterized by reversible airway obstruction and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The incidence of asthma is increasing with more than 350 million people worldwide are affected. Up to now, there is no therapeutic option for asthma and most of the prescribed drugs aim to ameliorate the symptoms of the disease especially during the acute exacerbations after trigger exposure. Asthma is a heterogonous disease that involves interactions between inflammatory mediators and cellular components within the disease microenvironment including inflammatory and structural cells. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs) are inflammatory lipid mediators that have potent roles in asthma pathogenesis. CysLTs consisting of LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4 are mainly secreted by leukocytes and act through three main G-protein coupled receptors (CysLT1R, CysLT2R, and CysLT3R). LTD4 is the most potent bronchoconstrictor which gives it the priority to be discussed in detail in this review. LTD4 binds with high affinity to CysLT1R and many studies showed that using CysLT1R antagonists such as montelukast has a beneficial effect for asthmatics especially in corticosteroid refractory cases. Since asthma is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease of many cell types involved in the disease pathogenies and LTD4 has a special role in inflammation and bronchoconstriction, this review highlights the role of LTD4 on each cellular component in asthma and the benefits of using CysLT1R antagonists in ameliorating LTD4-induced effects.
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Janssen-Heininger Y, Reynaert NL, van der Vliet A, Anathy V. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and glutathione therapeutics in chronic lung diseases. Redox Biol 2020; 33:101516. [PMID: 32249209 PMCID: PMC7251249 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
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Kanaoka Y, Austen KF. Roles of cysteinyl leukotrienes and their receptors in immune cell-related functions. Adv Immunol 2019; 142:65-84. [PMID: 31296303 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs), leukotriene C4, (LTC4), LTD4, and LTE4, are lipid mediators of inflammation. LTC4 is the only intracellularly synthesized cys-LT through the 5-lipoxygenase and LTC4 synthase pathway and after transport is metabolized to LTD4 and LTE4 by specific extracellular peptidases. Each cys-LT has a preferred functional receptor in vivo; LTD4 to the type 1 cys-LT receptor (CysLT1R), LTC4 to CysLT2R, and LTE4 to CysLT3R (OXGR1 or GPR99). Recent studies in mouse models revealed that there are multiple regulatory mechanisms for these receptor functions and each receptor plays a distinct role as observed in different mouse models of inflammation and immune responses. This review focuses on the integrated host responses to the cys-LT/CysLTR pathway composed of sequential ligands with preferred receptors as seen from mouse models. It also discusses potential therapeutic targets for LTC4 synthase, CysLT2R, and CysLT3R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihide Kanaoka
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - K Frank Austen
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
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12
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Rossi A, Roviezzo F, Sorrentino R, Riemma MA, Cerqua I, Bilancia R, Spaziano G, Troisi F, Pace S, Pinto A, D'Agostino B, Werz O, Cirino G. Leukotriene-mediated sex dimorphism in murine asthma-like features during allergen sensitization. Pharmacol Res 2018; 139:182-190. [PMID: 30468889 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The incidence and severity of asthma preponderate in women versus men. Leukotrienes (LTs) are lipid mediators involved in asthma pathogenesis, and sex disparities in LT biosynthesis and anti-LT pharmacology in inflammation have recently emerged. Here, we report on sex dimorphism in LT production during allergen sensitization and its correlation to lung function. While high plasma levels of IgE, as sensitization index, were elevated in both sexes, LT levels increased only in lungs of female ovalbumin-sensitized BALB/c mice. Sex-dependent elevated LT levels strictly correlated to an enhanced airway hyperreactivity, pulmonary inflammation and mast cell infiltration/activation in female mice. Importantly, this sex bias was coupled to superior therapeutic efficacy of different types of clinically used LT modifiers like zileuton, MK886 and montelukast in female animals. Our findings reveal sex-dependent LT production as a basic mechanism of sex dimorphism in allergic asthma, and suggest that women might benefit more from anti-LT asthma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Fiorentina Roviezzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Rosalinda Sorrentino
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFARMA), University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy.
| | - Maria A Riemma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ida Cerqua
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Rossella Bilancia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Spaziano
- Department of Experimental Medicine L. Donatelli, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Costantinopoli 16, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Troisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Aldo Pinto
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFARMA), University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy.
| | - Bruno D'Agostino
- Department of Experimental Medicine L. Donatelli, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Costantinopoli 16, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
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13
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Boudaud M, Turcotte S, Stankova J, Rola-Pleszczynski M. IL-33 Upregulates Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor Type 1 Expression in Human Peripheral Blood CD4 + T Lymphocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:2787-2798. [PMID: 30242072 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
IL-33 and cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are key components of asthma pathogenesis, and both contribute to the initiation and maintenance of the type 2 inflammatory environment. However, little is known about the potential interactions between the two mediators. In this work, we aimed at studying the regulation of expression of the cysLT receptors CysLT1 and CysLT2 by IL-33 in human PBLs. Our results show that the IL-33/ST2L axis increases CysLT1 but not CysLT2 expression in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in PBLs. IL-33-induced CysLT1 upregulation was observed at the protein but not at the mRNA level and was accompanied by an increase in LTD4-induced calcium mobilization and migration of CD4+ T lymphocytes. We also show that purified naive CD4+ T lymphocytes expressed ST2L and responded to IL-33 in the absence of Ag or TCR stimulation, suggesting a mechanism independent of Ag presentation. These results contribute to expanding our knowledge in the field of IL-33 by proposing a new mode of action of the cytokine on T cells and by extending its role to the regulation of naive T cell trafficking, therefore reinforcing its interest as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Boudaud
- Service d'Immunologie et Allergologie, Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Sylvie Turcotte
- Service d'Immunologie et Allergologie, Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jana Stankova
- Service d'Immunologie et Allergologie, Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Marek Rola-Pleszczynski
- Service d'Immunologie et Allergologie, Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
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14
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Zheng C, Shi X. Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (cysLT1R) regulates osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:S64-S70. [PMID: 30183378 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1489264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Excessive bone resorption induced by abnormal osteoclast differentiation has been associated with bone microstructure damage and bone-associated disorders, including osteoporosis. Here, we investigated the physiological roles of the type 1 cysteinyl leukotriene receptor (cysLTR-1) and the pharmacological functions of the specific cysLTR-1 antagonist montelukast on M-CSF- and RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. We showed that cysLTR-1 but not cysLTR-2 is expressed in osteoclast precursor cells: mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). We also found that treatment with M-CSF and RANKL significantly increased expression of cysLTR-1. Overexpression of cysLTR-1 promoted osteoclast differentiation of BMMs by increasing NFATc1 and TRAP. In contrast, treatment with montelukast prevented M-CSF- and RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of BMMs. Mechanically, our findings demonstrate that montelukast treatment attenuated activation of the ERK1/2, p38, JNK and NF-κB signalling pathways. Additionally, we reported that montelukast treatment ameliorated the generation of ROS and calcium signalling. Importantly, the co-immunoprecipitation assay displayed that montelukast treatment prevented the interaction of RANK and TRAF6. Finally, in vivo experiments indicated that montelukast rescued the reduction of bone volume as well as trabecular number in an ovariectomy mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zheng
- a Department of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery , Linyi People's Hospital , Linyi , Shandong , China
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- b Department of Stomatology , Linyi People's Hospital , Linyi , Shandong , China
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15
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Lv J, Xiong Y, Li W, Cui X, Cheng X, Leng Q, He R. IL-37 inhibits IL-4/IL-13-induced CCL11 production and lung eosinophilia in murine allergic asthma. Allergy 2018; 73:1642-1652. [PMID: 29319845 DOI: 10.1111/all.13395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-37 is emerging as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, particularly in innate inflammation. However, the role of IL-37 in Th2-mediated allergic lung inflammation remains uncertain. We sought to determine the role and the underlying mechanisms of IL-37 in the development of house dust mites (HDM)-induced murine asthma model. METHODS We examined the effect of IL-37 administration during the sensitization or challenge phase on Th2-mediated allergic asthma induced by inhaled HDM. Cellular source of CCL11 and distribution of IL-37 receptors, IL-18Rα and IL-1R8, were determined in HDM-exposed lungs. Finally, we examined the effect of IL-37 on CCL11 production and STAT6 activation in different primary lung structural cell types upon IL-4/IL-13 stimulation. RESULTS IL-37 had no effect on HDM sensitization, but when administrated during the challenge phase, significantly attenuated pulmonary eosinophilia, CCL11 production, and airway hyper-reactivity (AHR). Interestingly, IL-37 treatment had no significant effects on lung infiltrating T cells and Th2 cytokine production. Intranasal co-administration of CCL11 reversed the inhibiting effect of IL-37 on HDM-induced pulmonary eosinophilia and AHR. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CCL11 was primarily expressed by fibroblasts and airway smooth muscle cells (AMSC), while IL-37 receptors by tracheobronchial epithelial cells (TEC). In vitro study showed that IL-37 inhibited IL-4/IL-13-induced STAT6 activation and CCL11 production by fibroblasts and AMSC, which was dependent on its direct action on TEC. Moreover, cell contact was required for the inhibitory effect of IL-37-treated TEC. CONCLUSIONS IL-37 attenuates HDM-induced asthma, possibly by inhibiting IL-4/IL-13-induced CCL11 production by fibroblasts and AMSC via its direct act on TEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Lv
- Department of Immunology; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai China
- Institute for Immunology; Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences; Tsinghua University School of Medicine; Beijing China
| | - Y. Xiong
- Department of Immunology; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - W. Li
- Department of Immunology; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - X. Cui
- Department of Immunology; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - X. Cheng
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - Q. Leng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology; Institute Pasteur of Shanghai; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai China
| | - R. He
- Department of Immunology; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai China
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science; Fudan University; Shanghai China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology; Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; Shanghai China
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16
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Carvalho S, Ferrini M, Herritt L, Holian A, Jaffar Z, Roberts K. Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Augment Allergic Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation by Promoting Cysteinyl Leukotriene Production. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:585. [PMID: 29922162 PMCID: PMC5996183 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) have been reported to promote lung inflammation and fibrosis. The commercial demand for nanoparticle-based materials has expanded rapidly and as demand for nanomaterials grows, so does the urgency of establishing an appreciation of the degree of health risk associated with their increased production and exposure. In this study, we examined whether MWCNT inhalation elicited pulmonary eosinophilic inflammation and influenced the development of allergic airway inflammatory responses. Our data revealed that instillation of FA21 MWCNT into the airways of mice resulted in a rapid increase, within 24 h, in the number of eosinophils present in the lungs. The inflammatory response elicited was also associated with an increase in the level of cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) present in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. CysLTs were implicated in the airway inflammatory response since pharmacological inhibition of their biosynthesis using the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor Zileuton resulted in a marked reduction in the severity of inflammation observed. Moreover, FA21 MWCNT entering the airways of mice suffering from house dust mite (HDM)-elicited allergic lung inflammation markedly exacerbated the intensity of the airway inflammation. This response was characterized by a pulmonary eosinophilia, lymphocyte infiltration, and raised cysLT levels. The severity of pulmonary inflammation caused by either inhalation of MWCNT alone or in conjunction with HDM allergen correlated with the level of nickel present in the material, since preparations that contained higher levels of nickel (FA21, 5.54% Ni by weight) were extremely effective at eliciting or exacerbating inflammatory or allergic responses while preparations containing lower amounts of nickel (FA04, 2.54% Ni by weight) failed to initiate or exacerbate pulmonary inflammation. In summary, instillation of high nickel MWCNT into the lungs promoted eosinophilic inflammation and caused an intense exacerbation of pre-existing allergic airway inflammation by facilitating cysLT biosynthesis. These findings suggest that exposure to airborne MWCNT is likely to have adverse inflammatory effects in individuals suffering from atopic asthma and, in this context, further investigation of the therapeutic effects of pharmacological agents that block leukotriene synthesis is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Carvalho
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Maria Ferrini
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Lou Herritt
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Andrij Holian
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Zeina Jaffar
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Kevan Roberts
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
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17
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Wei J, Chen S, Guo W, Feng B, Yang S, Huang C, Chu J. Leukotriene D4 induces cellular senescence in osteoblasts. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 58:154-159. [PMID: 29587204 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with the development of osteoporosis, in which cellular senescence in osteoblasts plays a key role. Leukotriene D4 (LTD4), an important cysteinyl leukotriene (cysLT), is a powerful pro-inflammatory mediator formed from arachidonic acid. However, little information regarding the effects of LTD4 on the pathogenesis of osteoporosis has been reported before. In the present study, we defined the physiological roles of LTD4 in cellular senescence in osteoblasts. Our results indicate that LTD4 treatment decreased the expression of SIRT1 in a dose-dependent manner in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. Additionally, LTD4 significantly increased the expression of p53, p21 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). LTD4 was also found to elevate the activity of β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) but to prevent BrdU incorporation. Our results indicate that cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (cysLT1R) could be detected in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells at both the mRNA and protein levels. However, cysLT2R was not expressed in these cells. Interestingly, we found that knockdown of cysLT1R or use of the selective cysLT1R antagonist montelukast abolished the LTD4-induced reduction in SIRT1 and increase in p53, p21, and PAI-1. Notably, knockdown of cysLT1R by transfection with cysLT1R siRNA or treatment with montelukast attenuated the LTD4-induced increase in SA-β-Gal activity. Our study shows for the first time that LTD4 has a significant impact on cellular senescence in osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Weixiong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Bailin Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Shukai Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengshuo Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaqi Chu
- Department of Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, China.
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18
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Mehdawi LM, Satapathy SR, Gustafsson A, Lundholm K, Alvarado-Kristensson M, Sjölander A. A potential anti-tumor effect of leukotriene C4 through the induction of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase expression in colon cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35033-35047. [PMID: 28402256 PMCID: PMC5471032 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Cyclooxygenase-2, which plays a key role in the biosynthesis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), is often up-regulated in CRC and in other types of cancer. PGE2 induces angiogenesis and tumor cell survival, proliferation and migration. The tumor suppressor 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) is a key enzyme in PGE2 catabolism, converting it into its inactive metabolite 15-keto-PGE2, and is often down-regulated in cancer. Interestingly, CRC patients expressing high levels of the cysteinyl leukotriene 2 (CysLT2) receptor have a good prognosis; therefore, we investigated a potential link between CysLT2 signaling and the tumor suppressor 15-PGDH in colon cancer cells.We observed a significant up-regulation of 15-PGDH after treatment with LTC4, a CysLT2 ligand, in colon cancer cells at both the mRNA and protein levels, which could be reduced by a CysLT2 antagonist or a JNK inhibitor. LTC4 induced 15-PGDH promoter activity via JNK/AP-1 phosphorylation. Furthermore, we also observed that LTC4, via the CysLT2/JNK signaling pathway, increased the expression of the differentiation markers sucrase-isomaltase and mucin-2 in colon cancer cells and that down-regulation of 15-PGDH totally abolished the observed increase in these markers.In conclusion, the restoration of 15-PGDH expression through CysLT2 signaling promotes the differentiation of colon cancer cells, indicating an anti-tumor effect of CysLT2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna M Mehdawi
- Cell and Experimental Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Shakti Ranjan Satapathy
- Cell and Experimental Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Annika Gustafsson
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kent Lundholm
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Anita Sjölander
- Cell and Experimental Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Liu T, Barrett NA, Kanaoka Y, Yoshimoto E, Garofalo D, Cirka H, Feng C, Boyce JA. Type 2 Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptors Drive IL-33-Dependent Type 2 Immunopathology and Aspirin Sensitivity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 200:915-927. [PMID: 29282304 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) facilitate mucosal type 2 immunopathology by incompletely understood mechanisms. Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, a severe asthma subtype, is characterized by exaggerated eosinophilic respiratory inflammation and reactions to aspirin, each involving the marked overproduction of cysLTs. Here we demonstrate that the type 2 cysLT receptor (CysLT2R), which is not targeted by available drugs, is required in two different models to amplify eosinophilic airway inflammation via induced expression of IL-33 by lung epithelial cells. Endogenously generated cysLTs induced eosinophilia and expanded group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease-like Ptges-/- mice. These responses were mitigated by deletions of either Cysltr2 or leukotriene C4 synthase (Ltc4s). Administrations of either LTC4 (the parent cysLT) or the selective CysLT2R agonist N-methyl LTC4 to allergen sensitized wild-type mice markedly boosted ILC2 expansion and IL-5/IL-13 generation in a CysLT2R-dependent manner. Expansion of ILC2s and IL-5/IL-13 generation reflected CysLT2R-dependent production of IL-33 by alveolar type 2 cells, which engaged in a bilateral feed-forward loop with ILC2s. Deletion of Cysltr1 blunted LTC4-induced ILC2 expansion and eosinophilia but did not alter IL-33 induction. Pharmacological blockade of CysLT2R prior to inhalation challenge of Ptges-/- mice with aspirin blocked IL-33-dependent mast cell activation, mediator release, and changes in lung function. Thus, CysLT2R signaling, IL-33-dependent ILC2 expansion, and IL-33-driven mast cell activation are necessary for induction of type 2 immunopathology and aspirin sensitivity. CysLT2R-targeted drugs may interrupt these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Nora A Barrett
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115; and.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yoshihide Kanaoka
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115; and.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Eri Yoshimoto
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Denise Garofalo
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Haley Cirka
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Chunli Feng
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Joshua A Boyce
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; .,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115; and.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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20
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Nolin JD, Lai Y, Ogden HL, Manicone AM, Murphy RC, An D, Frevert CW, Ghomashchi F, Naika GS, Gelb MH, Gauvreau GM, Piliponsky AM, Altemeier WA, Hallstrand TS. Secreted PLA2 group X orchestrates innate and adaptive immune responses to inhaled allergen. JCI Insight 2017; 2:94929. [PMID: 29093264 PMCID: PMC5752296 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.94929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes regulate the formation of eicosanoids and lysophospholipids that contribute to allergic airway inflammation. Secreted PLA2 group X (sPLA2-X) was recently found to be increased in the airways of asthmatics and is highly expressed in airway epithelial cells and macrophages. In the current study, we show that allergen exposure increases sPLA2-X in humans and in mice, and that global deletion of Pla2g10 results in a marked reduction in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), eosinophil and T cell trafficking to the airways, airway occlusion, generation of type-2 cytokines by antigen-stimulated leukocytes, and antigen-specific immunoglobulins. Further, we found that Pla2g10-/- mice had reduced IL-33 levels in BALF, fewer type-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in the lung, less IL-33-induced IL-13 expression in mast cells, and a marked reduction in both the number of newly recruited macrophages and the M2 polarization of these macrophages in the lung. These results indicate that sPLA2-X serves as a central regulator of both innate and adaptive immune response to proteolytic allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Nolin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
| | - Ying Lai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
| | | | | | - Ryan C. Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
| | - Dowon An
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
| | - Charles W. Frevert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
- Department of Comparative Medicine
| | | | | | - Michael H. Gelb
- Department of Chemistry, and
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Gail M. Gauvreau
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adrian M. Piliponsky
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Sharma P, Sharma A, Srivastava M. In vivo neutralization of α4 and β7 integrins inhibits eosinophil trafficking and prevents lung injury during tropical pulmonary eosinophilia in mice. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:1501-1512. [PMID: 28736941 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Integrins regulate leukocyte trafficking during homeostasis and inflammatory conditions. However, the role of α4 and β7 integrins in guiding eosinophil transmigration into the lungs during filarial manifestation of Tropical Pulmonary Eosinophilia (TPE) has not been explored. In this study, mice exhibiting TPE manifestations were administered with in vivo neutralizing antibodies against integrins α4 and β7 or their combination and immuno-pathological parameters were evaluated. Results show an intact lung barrier, significantly lower lung inflammation and reduced eosinophil counts in the Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lungs of mice receiving anti-α4+ β7 treatment. Reduced eosinophil peroxidase and β-hexosaminidase activity, downregulation of inflammatory genes, lower production of inflammatory lipid intermediates like prostaglandins E2 and D2, leukotriene B4 and cysteinyl leukotrienes were also noted in anti-α4+ β7 treated mice. Reduced accumulation of central memory, effector memory, regulatory T cells and lower production of IL-4, IL-5, and TGF-β were other cardinal features of anti-α4+ β7 treated mice lungs. Flow cytometry-sorted lung eosinophils from anti-α4+ β7 treated mice showed higher apoptotic potential, downregulated anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2, and exhibited reduced F-actin polymerization and calcium influx as compared to IgG controls. In summary, neutralization of α4+ β7 integrins impairs the transmigration, activation and survival of eosinophils and reduces TPE induced pathology in mice lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Sharma
- Parasitology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Aditi Sharma
- Parasitology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Mrigank Srivastava
- Parasitology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
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Cavagnero K, Doherty TA. Cytokine and Lipid Mediator Regulation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC2s) in Human Allergic Airway Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 2. [PMID: 28959799 PMCID: PMC5614509 DOI: 10.4172/2576-3881.1000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The recent discovery of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) has caused a paradigm shift in the understanding of allergic airway disease pathogenesis. Prior to the discovery of ILC2s, Th2 cells were largely thought to be the primary source of type 2 cytokines; however, activated ILC2s have since been shown to contribute significantly, and in some cases, dominantly to type 2 cytokine production. Since the discovery of ILC2s in 2010, many mediators have been shown to regulate their effector functions. Initial studies identified the epithelial derived cytokines IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP as activators of ILC2s, and recent studies have identified many additional cytokine and lipid mediators that are involved in ILC2 regulation. ILC2s and their mediators represent novel therapeutic targets for allergic airway diseases and intensive investigation is underway to better understand ILC2 biology and upstream and downstream pathways that lead to ILC2-driven airway pathology. In this review, we will focus on the cytokine and lipid mediators that regulate ILC2s in human allergic airway disease, as well as highlight newly discovered mediators of mouse ILC2s that may eventually translate to humans.
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Lund SJ, Portillo A, Cavagnero K, Baum RE, Naji LH, Badrani JH, Mehta A, Croft M, Broide DH, Doherty TA. Leukotriene C4 Potentiates IL-33-Induced Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Activation and Lung Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:1096-1104. [PMID: 28667163 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex disease that is promoted by dysregulated immunity and the presence of many cytokine and lipid mediators. Despite this, there is a paucity of data demonstrating the combined effects of multiple mediators in asthma pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have recently been shown to play important roles in the initiation of allergic inflammation; however, it is unclear whether lipid mediators, such as cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), which are present in asthma, could further amplify the effects of IL-33 on ILC2 activation and lung inflammation. In this article, we show that airway challenges with the parent CysLT, leukotriene C4 (LTC4), given in combination with low-dose IL-33 to naive wild-type mice, led to synergistic increases in airway Th2 cytokines, eosinophilia, and peribronchial inflammation compared with IL-33 alone. Further, the numbers of proliferating and cytokine-producing lung ILC2s were increased after challenge with both LTC4 and IL-33. Levels of CysLT1R, CysLT2R, and candidate leukotriene E4 receptor P2Y12 mRNAs were increased in ILC2s. The synergistic effect of LTC4 with IL-33 was completely dependent upon CysLT1R, because CysLT1R-/- mice, but not CysLT2R-/- mice, had abrogated responses. Further, CysLTs directly potentiated IL-5 and IL-13 production from purified ILC2s stimulated with IL-33 and resulted in NFAT1 nuclear translocation. Finally, CysLT1R-/- mice had reduced lung eosinophils and ILC2 responses after exposure to the fungal allergen Alternaria alternata Thus, CysLT1R promotes LTC4- and Alternaria-induced ILC2 activation and lung inflammation. These findings suggest that multiple pathways likely exist in asthma to activate ILC2s and propagate inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean J Lund
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Alex Portillo
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Kellen Cavagnero
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Rachel E Baum
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Luay H Naji
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Jana H Badrani
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Amit Mehta
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Michael Croft
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - David H Broide
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Taylor A Doherty
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
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Cahill KN, Katz HR, Cui J, Lai J, Kazani S, Crosby-Thompson A, Garofalo D, Castro M, Jarjour N, DiMango E, Erzurum S, Trevor JL, Shenoy K, Chinchilli VM, Wechsler ME, Laidlaw TM, Boyce JA, Israel E. KIT Inhibition by Imatinib in Patients with Severe Refractory Asthma. N Engl J Med 2017; 376:1911-1920. [PMID: 28514613 PMCID: PMC5568669 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1613125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells are present in the airways of patients who have severe asthma despite glucocorticoid treatment; these cells are associated with disease characteristics including poor quality of life and inadequate asthma control. Stem cell factor and its receptor, KIT, are central to mast-cell homeostasis. We conducted a proof-of-principle trial to evaluate the effect of imatinib, a KIT inhibitor, on airway hyperresponsiveness, a physiological marker of severe asthma, as well as on airway mast-cell numbers and activation in patients with severe asthma. METHODS We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 24-week trial of imatinib in patients with poorly controlled severe asthma who had airway hyperresponsiveness despite receiving maximal medical therapy. The primary end point was the change in airway hyperresponsiveness, measured as the concentration of methacholine required to decrease the forced expiratory volume in 1 second by 20% (PC20). Patients also underwent bronchoscopy. RESULTS Among the 62 patients who underwent randomization, imatinib treatment reduced airway hyperresponsiveness to a greater extent than did placebo. At 6 months, the methacholine PC20 increased by a mean (±SD) of 1.73±0.60 doubling doses in the imatinib group, as compared with 1.07±0.60 doubling doses in the placebo group (P=0.048). Imatinib also reduced levels of serum tryptase, a marker of mast-cell activation, to a greater extent than did placebo (decrease of 2.02±2.32 vs. 0.56±1.39 ng per milliliter, P=0.02). Airway mast-cell counts declined in both groups. Muscle cramps and hypophosphatemia were more common in the imatinib group than in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS In patients with severe asthma, imatinib decreased airway hyperresponsiveness, mast-cell counts, and tryptase release. These results suggest that KIT-dependent processes and mast cells contribute to the pathobiologic basis of severe asthma. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01097694 .).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine N Cahill
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Howard R Katz
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Jing Cui
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Juying Lai
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Shamsah Kazani
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Allison Crosby-Thompson
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Denise Garofalo
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Mario Castro
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Nizar Jarjour
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Emily DiMango
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Serpil Erzurum
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Jennifer L Trevor
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Kartik Shenoy
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Vernon M Chinchilli
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Michael E Wechsler
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Tanya M Laidlaw
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Joshua A Boyce
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
| | - Elliot Israel
- From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (K.N.C., H.R.K., J.C., J.L., A.C.-T., D.G., T.M.L., J.A.B., E.I.), and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge (S.K.) - both in Massachusetts; Washington University, St. Louis (M.C.); University of Wisconsin, Madison (N.J.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York (E.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (S.E.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (J.L.T.); Temple University, Philadelphia (K.S.), and Pennsylvania State University, Hershey (V.M.C.) - both in Pennsylvania; and National Jewish Health, Denver (M.E.W.)
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Salimi M, Stöger L, Liu W, Go S, Pavord I, Klenerman P, Ogg G, Xue L. Cysteinyl leukotriene E 4 activates human group 2 innate lymphoid cells and enhances the effect of prostaglandin D 2 and epithelial cytokines. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:1090-1100.e11. [PMID: 28115217 PMCID: PMC5624780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.12.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are a potential innate source of type 2 cytokines in the pathogenesis of allergic conditions. Epithelial cytokines (IL-33, IL-25, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin [TSLP]) and mast cell mediators (prostaglandin D2 [PGD2]) are critical activators of ILC2s. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs), including leukotriene (LT) C4, LTD4, and LTE4, are metabolites of arachidonic acid and mediate inflammatory responses. Their role in human ILC2s is still poorly understood. Objectives We sought to determine the role of cysLTs and their relationship with other ILC2 stimulators in the activation of human ILC2s. Methods For ex vivo studies, fresh blood from patients with atopic dermatitis and healthy control subjects was analyzed with flow cytometry. For in vitro studies, ILC2s were isolated and cultured. The effects of cysLTs, PGD2, IL-33, IL-25, TSLP, and IL-2 alone or in combination on ILC2s were defined by using chemotaxis, apoptosis, ELISA, Luminex, quantitative RT-PCR, and flow cytometric assays. The effect of endogenous cysLTs was assessed by using human mast cell supernatants. Results Human ILC2s expressed the LT receptor CysLT1, levels of which were increased in atopic subjects. CysLTs, particularly LTE4, induced migration, reduced apoptosis, and promoted cytokine production in human ILC2s in vitro. LTE4 enhanced the effect of PGD2, IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP, resulting in increased production of type 2 and other proinflammatory cytokines. The effect of LTE4 was inhibited by montelukast, a CysLT1 antagonist. Interestingly, addition of IL-2 to LTE4 and epithelial cytokines significantly amplified ILC2 activation and upregulated expression of the receptors for IL-33 and IL-25. Conclusion CysLTs, particularly LTE4, are important contributors to the triggering of human ILC2s in inflammatory responses, particularly when combined with other ILC2 activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Salimi
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Stöger
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Core Translational Immunology Laboratory, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Liu
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Simei Go
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Pavord
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Ogg
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Luzheng Xue
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Core Translational Immunology Laboratory, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Rossi A, Caiazzo E, Bilancia R, Riemma MA, Pagano E, Cicala C, Ialenti A, Zjawiony JK, Izzo AA, Capasso R, Roviezzo F. Salvinorin A Inhibits Airway Hyperreactivity Induced by Ovalbumin Sensitization. Front Pharmacol 2017; 7:525. [PMID: 28133450 PMCID: PMC5233683 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvinorin A, a neoclerodane diterpene isolated from Salvia divinorum, exerts a number of pharmacological actions which are not solely limited to the central nervous system. Recently it has been demonstrated that Salvinorin A inhibits acute inflammatory response affecting leukotriene (LT) production. Since LTs are potent lipid mediators implicated in allergic diseases, we evaluated the effect of Salvinorin A on allergic inflammation and on airways following sensitization in the mouse. Mice were sensitized with s.c. injection of ovalbumin (OVA) on days 1 and 8. Sensitized mice received on days 9 and 12 on the shaved dorsal surface air administration to induce the development of the air-pouches. On day 15 animals were challenged by injection of OVA into the air-pouch. Salvinorin A, administered (10 mg/kg) before each allergen exposure, significantly reduced OVA-induced LT increase in the air pouch. This effect was coupled to a reduction in cell recruitment and Th2 cytokine production. In another set of experiments, mice were sensitized with OVA and both bronchial reactivity and pulmonary inflammation were assessed. Salvinorin A abrogated bronchial hyperreactivity and interleukin (IL)-13 production, without effect on pulmonary inflammation. Indeed cell infiltration and peribronchial edema were still present following diterpenoid treatment. Similarly, pulmonary IL-4 and plasmatic IgE levels were not modulated. Conversely, Salvinorin A significantly reduced LTC4 production in the lung of sensitized mice. Finally mast cell activity was evaluated by means of toluidine blue staining. Data obtained evidenced that Salvinorin A significantly inhibited mast cell degranulation in the lung. Our study demonstrates that Salvinorin A inhibits airway hyperreactivity induced by sensitization by inhibition of LT production and mast cell degranulation. In conclusion Salvinorin A could represent a promising candidate for drug development in allergic diseases such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II Naples, Italy
| | | | - Rossella Bilancia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II Naples, Italy
| | - Maria A Riemma
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II Naples, Italy
| | - Ester Pagano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Cicala
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II Naples, Italy
| | - Armando Ialenti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II Naples, Italy
| | - Jordan K Zjawiony
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy and the Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi University, MS, USA
| | - Angelo A Izzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy; Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico IIPortici, Italy
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MURAKAMI M. Lipoquality control by phospholipase A 2 enzymes. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2017; 93:677-702. [PMID: 29129849 PMCID: PMC5743847 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.93.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) family comprises a group of lipolytic enzymes that typically hydrolyze the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids to give rise to fatty acids and lysophospholipids. The mammalian genome encodes more than 50 PLA2s or related enzymes, which are classified into several subfamilies on the basis of their structures and functions. From a general viewpoint, the PLA2 family has mainly been implicated in signal transduction, producing bioactive lipid mediators derived from fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Recent evidence indicates that PLA2s also contribute to phospholipid remodeling for membrane homeostasis or energy production for fatty acid β-oxidation. Accordingly, PLA2 enzymes can be regarded as one of the key regulators of the quality of lipids, which I herein refer to as lipoquality. Disturbance of PLA2-regulated lipoquality hampers tissue and cellular homeostasis and can be linked to various diseases. Here I overview the current state of understanding of the classification, enzymatic properties, and physiological functions of the PLA2 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto MURAKAMI
- Laboratory of Environmental and Metabolic Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Lipid Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence should be addressed: M. Murakami, Laboratory of Environmental and Metabolic Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan (e-mail: )
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von Moltke J, O'Leary CE, Barrett NA, Kanaoka Y, Austen KF, Locksley RM. Leukotrienes provide an NFAT-dependent signal that synergizes with IL-33 to activate ILC2s. J Exp Med 2016; 214:27-37. [PMID: 28011865 PMCID: PMC5206504 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20161274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
von Moltke et al. demonstrate that optimal cytokine induction in group 2 innate lymphocytes results from synergy between NFAT-dependent leukotriene signaling and IL-33 signaling. This integration of signaling pathways may represent an innate substitute for the T cell receptor. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and type 2 helper T cells (Th2 cells) are the primary source of interleukin 5 (IL-5) and IL-13 during type 2 (allergic) inflammation in the lung. In Th2 cells, T cell receptor (TCR) signaling activates the transcription factors nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and activator protein 1 (AP-1) to induce type 2 cytokines. ILC2s lack a TCR and respond instead to locally produced cytokines such as IL-33. Although IL-33 induces AP-1 and NF-κB, NFAT signaling has not been described in ILC2s. In this study, we report a nonredundant NFAT-dependent role for lipid-derived leukotrienes (LTs) in the activation of lung ILC2s. Using cytokine reporter and LT-deficient mice, we find that complete disruption of LT signaling markedly diminishes ILC2 activation and downstream responses during type 2 inflammation. Type 2 responses are equivalently attenuated in IL-33– and LT-deficient mice, and optimal ILC2 activation reflects potent synergy between these pathways. These findings expand our understanding of ILC2 regulation and may have important implications for the treatment of airways disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob von Moltke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 .,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Claire E O'Leary
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Nora A Barrett
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yoshihide Kanaoka
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - K Frank Austen
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Richard M Locksley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 .,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
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Hall JA, Hartman J, Skinner MM, Schwindt AR, Fischer KA, Vorachek WR, Bobe G, Valentine BA. Dietary Enrichment with 20% Fish Oil Decreases Mucus Production and the Inflammatory Response in Mice with Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Lung Inflammation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163819. [PMID: 27669173 PMCID: PMC5036796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma has increased in recent decades, which may be related to higher dietary intake of (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and lower intake of (n-3) PUFA, e.g., those contained in fish oil. The objective of this study was to determine if dietary PUFA enrichment decreases mucus production or the inflammatory response associated with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic lung inflammation. Mice (n = 10/group) were fed control, 20% fish oil, or 20% corn oil enriched diets for a total of 12 weeks. At 8 and 10 weeks, mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of saline (10 control-fed mice) or OVA (30 remaining mice). Once at 10 weeks and on 3 consecutive days during week 12, mice were challenged by nebulizing with saline or OVA. Mice were euthanized 24 hours after the last challenge and blood was collected for plasma FA analysis. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was collected to determine cell composition and Th2-type cytokine (IL-4, IL-13) concentrations. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) + mucus-producing cells and CD45+ inflammatory cell infiltrates in lung tissue were quantified using morphometric analysis. Relative abundance of mRNA for mucin (Muc4, Muc5ac, and Muc5b) and Th2-type cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) genes were compared with ß-actin by qPCR. Supplementation with either corn oil or fish oil effectively altered plasma FA profiles towards more (n-6) FA or (n-3) FA, respectively (P < 0.0001). Sensitization and challenge with OVA increased the proportion of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils, and decreased the proportion of macrophages and concentrations of IL-13 in BAL fluid; increased the percentage of PAS+ mucus-producing cells and CD45+ inflammatory cell infiltrates in lung tissue; and increased gene expression of mucins (Muc4, Muc5ac, and Muc5b) and Th2-type cytokines (IL-5 and IL-13) in lung tissue of control-fed mice. Dietary PUFA reversed the increase in PAS+ mucus-producing cells (P = 0.003). In addition, dietary enrichment with fish oil attenuated the percentage of CD45+ inflammatory cell infiltrates in lung tissue, and increased Muc4 and Muc 5b gene expression compared with OVA-sensitized and challenged control mice. In conclusion, dietary enrichment with either (n-3) or (n-6) PUFA decreased mucus production in lung tissues of OVA-sensitized and challenged mice. More specifically, enrichment with dietary (n-3) PUFA decreased CD45+ inflammatory cell infiltrates, thus inducing potentially beneficial changes in lung tissue of OVA-sensitized and challenged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean A. Hall
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jaye Hartman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
| | - Monica M. Skinner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
| | - Adam R. Schwindt
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science and College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
| | - Kay A. Fischer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
| | - William R. Vorachek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
| | - Gerd Bobe
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
| | - Beth A. Valentine
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
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Lipid mediators as regulators of human ILC2 function in allergic diseases. Immunol Lett 2016; 179:36-42. [PMID: 27396531 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are specialized in type 2 immunity. ILC2 are activated early in immune responses and, despite their low abundance, are able to initiate and amplify allergic inflammation by orchestrating other type 2 immune cells. Based on recent discoveries, the spectrum of ILC2 regulating factors has been extended. It is now well established that not only epithelial cell-derived innate cytokines, but also bioactive lipids can regulate ILC2 activity and accumulation. Additionally, ILC2 appear to be susceptible to changes in the cytokine milieu and can acquire an ILC1-like phenotype due to a high degree of cellular plasticity. As ILC2 are fundamentally involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diseases, they represent a promising therapeutic target for allergic airway and skin diseases. In this review we summarize the current knowledge about ILC2 biology in the allergy context, with a particular focus on the emerging role of lipid mediators in regulating ILC2 function.
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Correlation of IL-18 with Tryptase in Atopic Asthma and Induction of Mast Cell Accumulation by IL-18. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:4743176. [PMID: 27069315 PMCID: PMC4812453 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4743176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin- (IL-) 18 and tryptase were previously reported to relate to asthma, but the correlation between these two potent proinflammatory molecules in asthma and their roles in mast cell accumulation remain uninvestigated. Using flow cytometric analysis technique and ovalbumin- (OVA-) sensitized mouse model, it was found that IL-18 and tryptase levels in the plasma of moderate and severe asthma were elevated, and they correlated well with each other. Tryptase and agonist peptides of protease activated receptor- (PAR-) 2 induced substantial quantity of IL-18 release. IL-18 and tryptase provoked mast cell accumulation in peritoneum of OVA-sensitized mice. OVA-sensitization increased number of IL-18 receptor (R)+ mast cells. IL-18 and tryptase induced dramatic increase in IL-18R+ mast cells and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of IL-18R on mast cells. Moreover, while IL-18 induced an increase in PAR-2+ mast cells in nonsensitized mice, IL-18 and tryptase provoked increases in IL-4 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in the peritoneum of OVA-sensitized mice. In summary, the correlation between IL-18 and tryptase in plasma of patients with asthma indicates close interactions between them, which should be considered for development of anti-IL-18 and antitryptase therapies. Interactions between IL-18 and tryptase may contribute to mast cell recruitment in asthma.
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Sun L, Tang XJ, Luo FM. Forkhead box protein A2 and T helper type 2-mediated pulmonary inflammation. World J Methodol 2015; 5:223-229. [PMID: 26713283 PMCID: PMC4686420 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v5.i4.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2, also known as hepatocyte nuclear factor 3β or transcription factor 3β), has been found to play pivotal roles in multiple phases of mammalian life, from the early development to the organofaction, and subsequently in homeostasis and metabolism in the adult. In the embryonic development period, FOXA2 is require d for the formation of the primitive node and notochord, and its absence results in embryonic lethality. Moreover, FOXA2 plays an important role not only in lung development, but also in T helper type 2 (Th2)-mediated pulmonary inflammation and goblet cell hyperplasia. In this article, the role of FOXA2 in lung development and Th2-mediated pulmonary inflammation, as well as in goblet cell hyperplasia, is reviewed. FOXA2 deletion in airway epithelium results into Th2-mediated pulmonary inflammation and goblet cell hyperplasia in developing lung. Leukotriene pathway and signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 pathway may mediate this inflammation through recruitment and activation of denditric cell during lung developments. FOXA2 is a potential treatment target for lung diseases with Th2 inflammation and goblet cell hyperplasia, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Sekioka T, Kadode M, Fujii M, Kawabata K, Abe T, Horiba M, Kohno S, Nabe T. Expression of CysLT2 receptors in asthma lung, and their possible role in bronchoconstriction. Allergol Int 2015; 64:351-8. [PMID: 26433531 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression and functional role of CysLT2 receptors in asthma have not been clarified. In this study, we evaluated CysLT2 receptors expression, and effects of CysLT2-and CysLT1/2-receptor antagonists on antigen-induced bronchoconstriction using isolated lung tissues from both asthma and non-asthma subjects. METHODS CysLT1 and CysLT2 receptors expression in asthma and non-asthma lung tissue preparations was examined in immunohistochemistry experiments, and their functional roles in antigen-induced bronchoconstriction were assessed using ONO-6950, a dual CysLT1/2-receptor antagonist, montelukast, a CysLT1 receptor antagonist, and BayCysLT2RA, a CysLT2 receptor-specific antagonist. RESULTS CysLT1 receptors were expressed on the bronchial smooth muscle and epithelium, and on alveolar leukocytes in 5 in 5 non-asthma subjects and 2 in 2 asthma subjects. On the other hand, although degrees of CysLT2 receptors expression were variable among the 5 non-asthma subjects, the expression in the asthma lung was detected on bronchial smooth muscle, epithelium and alveolar leukocytes in 2 in 2 asthma subjects. In the non-asthma specimens, antagonism of CysLT2 receptors did not affect antigen-induced bronchial contractions, even after pretreatment with the CysLT1-receptor specific antagonist, montelukast. However, in the bronchus isolated from one of the 2 asthma subjects, antagonism of CysLT2 receptors suppressed contractions, and dual antagonism of CysLT1 and CysLT2 receptors resulted in additive inhibitory effect on anaphylactic contractions. CONCLUSIONS CysLT2 receptors were expressed in lung specimens isolated from asthma subjects. Activation of CysLT2 receptors may contribute to antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in certain asthma population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Sekioka
- Discovery Research Laboratories II, Department of Biology & Pharmacology, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kadode
- Discovery Research Laboratories II, Department of Biology & Pharmacology, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masanori Fujii
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Kawabata
- Discovery Research Laboratories II, Department of Biology & Pharmacology, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Abe
- Department of Pneumology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Michiaki Horiba
- Department of Pneumology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shigekatsu Kohno
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nabe
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Kondeti V, Al-Azzam N, Duah E, Thodeti CK, Boyce JA, Paruchuri S. Leukotriene D4 and prostaglandin E2 signals synergize and potentiate vascular inflammation in a mast cell-dependent manner through cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 and E-prostanoid receptor 3. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 137:289-298. [PMID: 26255103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although arachidonic acid metabolites, cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs; leukotriene [LT] C4, LTD4, and LTE4), and prostaglandin (PG) E2 are generated at the site of inflammation, it is not known whether crosstalk exists between these 2 classes of inflammatory mediators. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the role of LTD4-PGE2 crosstalk in inducing vascular inflammation in vivo, identify effector cells, and ascertain specific receptors and pathways involved in vitro. METHODS Vascular (ear) inflammation was assessed by injecting agonists into mouse ears, followed by measuring ear thickness and histology, calcium influx with Fura-2, phosphorylation and expression of signaling molecules by means of immunoblotting, PGD2 and macrophage inflammatory protein 1β generation by using ELISA, and expression of transcripts by using RT-PCR. Candidate receptors and signaling molecules were identified by using antagonists and inhibitors and confirmed by using small interfering RNA. RESULTS LTD4 plus PGE2 potentiated vascular permeability and edema, gearing the system toward proinflammation in wild-type mice but not in Kit(W-sh) mice. Furthermore, LTD4 plus PGE2, through cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1R) and E-prostanoid receptor (EP) 3, enhanced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) and c-fos phosphorylation, inflammatory gene expression, macrophage inflammatory protein 1β secretion, COX-2 upregulation, and PGD2 generation in mast cells. Additionally, we uncovered that this synergism is mediated through Gi, protein kinase G, and Erk signaling. LTD4 plus PGE2-potentiated effects are partially sensitive to CysLT1R or EP3 antagonists but completely abolished by simultaneous treatment both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results unravel a unique LTD4-PGE2 interaction affecting mast cells through CysLT1R and EP3 involving Gi, protein kinase G, and Erk and contributing to vascular inflammation in vivo. Furthermore, current results also suggest an advantage of targeting both CysLT1R and EP3 in attenuating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kondeti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio
| | | | - Ernest Duah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio
| | - Charles K Thodeti
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Joshua A Boyce
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
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MacDonald CA, Bushnell EAC, Gauld JW, Boyd RJ. The catalytic formation of leukotriene C4: a critical step in inflammatory processes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:16284-9. [PMID: 24974917 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01984a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Leukotrienes (LT) are a family of drug-like molecules involved in the pathobiology of bronchial asthma and are responsible for smooth muscle contraction. Leukotriene C4 synthase (LTC4S) is a nuclear-membrane enzyme responsible for the conjugation of leukotriene A4 (LTA4) to glutathione to form LTC4, a cysteinyl leukotriene. In this study, the mechanism of LTA4 binding by LTC4S has been computationally examined. More specifically, docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to gain insight into the substrate-bound active site. These studies identified two possible orientations for bound LTA4: 'tail-to-head' and 'head-to-tail'. An ONIOM(QM/MM) approach was then used to elucidate the mechanism by which glutathione may add to LTA4. In particular, the thiolate of glutathione acts as a nucleophile attacking C6 of LTA4 forming a S-C6 bond. Concomitantly, a proton is transferred from the guanidinium of Arg31 to the epoxide ring oxygen. This results in opening of the epoxide ring and stabilization of the LTC4 product complex. Within the present computational methodology the 'tail-to-head' orientation appears to be the most likely substrate orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey A MacDonald
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada.
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Kulinski JM, Muñoz-Cano R, Olivera A. Sphingosine-1-phosphate and other lipid mediators generated by mast cells as critical players in allergy and mast cell function. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 778:56-67. [PMID: 25941085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), platelet activating factor (PAF) and eicosanoids are bioactive lipid mediators abundantly produced by antigen-stimulated mast cells that exert their function mostly through specific cell surface receptors. Although it has long been recognized that some of these bioactive lipids are potent regulators of allergic diseases, their exact contributions to disease pathology have been obscured by the complexity of their mode of action and the regulation of their metabolism. Indeed, the effects of such lipids are usually mediated by multiple receptor subtypes that may differ in their signaling mechanisms and functions. In addition, their actions may be elicited by cell surface receptor-independent mechanisms. Furthermore, these lipids may be converted into metabolites that exhibit different functionalities, adding another layer of complexity to their overall biological responses. In some instances, a second wave of lipid mediator synthesis by both mast cell and non-mast cell sources may occur late during inflammation, bringing about additional roles in the altered environment. New evidence also suggests that bioactive lipids in the local environment can fine-tune mast cell maturation and phenotype, and thus their responsiveness. A better understanding of the subtleties of the spatiotemporal regulation of these lipid mediators, their receptors and functions may aid in the pursuit of pharmacological applications for allergy treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Kulinski
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Rosa Muñoz-Cano
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Ana Olivera
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Xue L, Fergusson J, Salimi M, Panse I, Ussher JE, Hegazy AN, Vinall SL, Jackson DG, Hunter MG, Pettipher R, Ogg G, Klenerman P. Prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene E4 synergize to stimulate diverse TH2 functions and TH2 cell/neutrophil crosstalk. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 135:1358-66.e1-11. [PMID: 25441644 PMCID: PMC4418751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are lipid mediators derived from mast cells, which activate TH2 cells. The combination of PGD2 and cysLTs (notably cysteinyl leukotriene E4 [LTE4]) enhances TH2 cytokine production. However, the synergistic interaction of cysLTs with PGD2 in promoting TH2 cell activation is still poorly understood. The receptors for these mediators are drug targets in the treatment of allergic diseases, and hence understanding their interaction is likely to have clinical implications. OBJECTIVE We aimed to comprehensively define the roles of PGD2, LTE4, and their combination in activating human TH2 cells and how such activation might allow the TH2 cells to engage downstream effectors, such as neutrophils, which contribute to the pathology of allergic responses. METHODS The effects of PGD2, LTE4, and their combination on human TH2 cell gene expression were defined by using a microarray, and changes in specific inflammatory pathways were confirmed by means of PCR array, quantitative RT-PCR, ELISA, Luminex, flow cytometry, and functional assays, including analysis of downstream neutrophil activation. Blockade of PGD2 and LTE4 was tested by using TM30089, an antagonist of chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on TH2 cells, and montelukast, an antagonist of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1. RESULTS PGD2 and LTE4 altered the transcription of a wide range of genes and induced diverse functional responses in TH2 cells, including cell adhesion, migration, and survival and cytokine production. The combination of these lipids synergistically or additively enhanced TH2 responses and, strikingly, induced marked production of diverse nonclassical TH2 inflammatory mediators, including IL-22, IL-8, and GM-CSF, at concentrations sufficient to affect neutrophil activation. CONCLUSIONS PGD2 and LTE4 activate TH2 cells through different pathways but act synergistically to promote multiple downstream effector functions, including neutrophil migration and survival. Combined inhibition of both PGD2 and LTE4 pathways might provide an effective therapeutic strategy for allergic responses, particularly those involving interaction between TH2 cells and neutrophils, such as in patients with severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzheng Xue
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Translational Immunology Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Respiratory Medicine Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Joannah Fergusson
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maryam Salimi
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Translational Immunology Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel Panse
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Translational Immunology Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James E Ussher
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed N Hegazy
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shân L Vinall
- Atopix Therapeutics Limited, Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - David G Jackson
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Roy Pettipher
- Atopix Therapeutics Limited, Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Ogg
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Translational Immunology Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Translational Immunology Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Liu T, Garofalo D, Feng C, Lai J, Katz H, Laidlaw TM, Boyce JA. Platelet-driven leukotriene C4-mediated airway inflammation in mice is aspirin-sensitive and depends on T prostanoid receptors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:5061-8. [PMID: 25904552 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are bronchoconstricting lipid mediators that amplify eosinophilic airway inflammation by incompletely understood mechanisms. We recently found that LTC4, the parent cysLT, potently activates platelets in vitro and induces airway eosinophilia in allergen-sensitized and -challenged mice by a platelet- and type 2 cysLT receptor-dependent pathway. We now demonstrate that this pathway requires production of thromboxane A2 and signaling through both hematopoietic and lung tissue-associated T prostanoid (TP) receptors. Intranasal administration of LTC4 to OVA-sensitized C57BL/6 mice markedly increased the numbers of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, while simultaneously decreasing the percentages of eosinophils in the blood by a TP receptor-dependent mechanism. LTC4 upregulated the expressions of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in an aspirin-sensitive and TP receptor-dependent manner. Both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic TP receptors were essential for LTC4 to induce eosinophil recruitment. Thus, the autocrine and paracrine functions of thromboxane A2 act downstream of LTC4/type 2 cysLT receptor signaling on platelets to markedly amplify eosinophil recruitment through pulmonary vascular adhesion pathways. The findings suggest applications for TP receptor antagonists in cases of asthma with high levels of cysLT production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Denise Garofalo
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Chunli Feng
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Juying Lai
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Howard Katz
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Tanya M Laidlaw
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Joshua A Boyce
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; and Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA 02115
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Al-Azzam N, Kondeti V, Duah E, Gombedza F, Thodeti CK, Paruchuri S. Modulation of mast cell proliferative and inflammatory responses by leukotriene d4 and stem cell factor signaling interactions. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:595-602. [PMID: 25161061 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are important effector cells in asthma and pulmonary inflammation, and their proliferation and maturation is maintained by stem cell factor (SCF) via its receptor, c-Kit. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs) are potent inflammatory mediators that signal through CysLT1 R and CysLT2 R located on the MC surface, and they enhance MC inflammatory responses. However, it is not known if SCF and cys-LTs cross-talk and influence MC hyperplasia and activation in inflammation. Here, we report the concerted effort of the growth factor SCF and the inflammatory mediator LTD4 in MC activation. Stimulation of MCs by LTD4 in the presence of SCF enhances c-Kit-mediated proliferative responses. Similarly, SCF synergistically enhances LTD4 -induced calcium, c-fos expression and phosphorylation, as well as MIP1β generation in MCs. These findings suggest that integration of SCF and LTD4 signals may contribute to MC hyperplasia and hyper-reactivity during airway hyper-response and inflammation.
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Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 antagonists as modulators of innate immune cell function. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:608930. [PMID: 24971371 PMCID: PMC4058211 DOI: 10.1155/2014/608930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are produced predominantly by cells of the innate immune system, especially basophils, eosinophils, mast cells, and monocytes/macrophages. Notwithstanding potent bronchoconstrictor activity, cysLTs are also proinflammatory consequent to their autocrine and paracrine interactions with G-protein-coupled receptors expressed not only on the aforementioned cell types, but also on Th2 lymphocytes, as well as structural cells, and to a lesser extent neutrophils and CD8+ cells. Recognition of the involvement of cysLTs in the immunopathogenesis of various types of acute and chronic inflammatory disorders, especially bronchial asthma, prompted the development of selective cysLT receptor-1 (cysLTR1) antagonists, specifically montelukast, pranlukast, and zafirlukast. More recently these agents have also been reported to possess secondary anti-inflammatory activities, distinct from cysLTR1 antagonism, which appear to be particularly effective in targeting neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. Underlying mechanisms include interference with cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, 5′-lipoxygenase, and the proinflammatory transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa B. These and other secondary anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the commonly used cysLTR1 antagonists are the major focus of the current review, which also includes a comparison of the anti-inflammatory effects of montelukast, pranlukast, and zafirlukast on human neutrophils in vitro, as well as an overview of both the current clinical applications of these agents and potential future applications based on preclinical and early clinical studies.
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Doña I, Blanca-López N, Torres MJ, Gómez F, Fernández J, Zambonino MA, Monteseirín FJ, Canto G, Blanca M, Cornejo-García JA. NSAID-induced urticaria/angioedema does not evolve into chronic urticaria: a 12-year follow-up study. Allergy 2014; 69:438-44. [PMID: 24372026 DOI: 10.1111/all.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most frequent medicaments involved in drug hypersensitivity reactions, with NSAID-induced urticaria/angioedema (NIUA) being the most frequent clinical entity. The natural evolution of NIUA has been suggested to lead to chronic urticaria (CU) in an important proportion of patients, such that NIUA may therefore precede CU. Our aim was to verify whether these entities are related by following up a large cohort of patients with NIUA as well as a control group over a long period of time. METHODS The study comprised three groups: (i) patients with a confirmed history of NIUA (more than two episodes with at least two different NSAIDs or positive drug provocation tests), (ii) patients with more than two episodes of urticaria/angioedema to a single NSAID with good tolerance to a strong COX-1 inhibitor and/or evidence by in vivo tests supporting specific IgE antibodies to the drug (single NSAID-induced urticaria/angioedema, SNIUA), and (iii) controls who tolerated NSAIDs. All cases in the three groups were followed up over a period of 12 years. RESULTS There were 190 patients with NIUA (64.6% female; mean age 43.71 ± 15.82 years, 110 with SNIUA, and 152 controls. At the 12-year evaluation, 12 patients with NIUA (6.15%) had developed CU over a 1- to 8-year period. Similar proportions were seen in SNIUA and controls. CONCLUSIONS Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-induced urticaria/angioedema does not seem to precede the onset of CU over the medium term. Further research including a longer follow-up is necessary to verify this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Doña
- Allergy Service; Carlos Haya Hospital; Malaga Spain
| | | | - M. J. Torres
- Allergy Service; Carlos Haya Hospital; Malaga Spain
| | - F. Gómez
- Allergy Service; Carlos Haya Hospital; Malaga Spain
| | - J. Fernández
- Allergy Service; Elche General Hospital; Alicante Spain
| | | | | | - G. Canto
- Allergy Service; Infanta Leonor Hospital; Madrid Spain
| | - M. Blanca
- Allergy Service; Carlos Haya Hospital; Malaga Spain
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Montuschi P, Santini G, Valente S, Mondino C, Macagno F, Cattani P, Zini G, Mores N. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry measurement of leukotrienes in asthma and other respiratory diseases. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 964:12-25. [PMID: 24656639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Leukotrienes (LTs), including cysteinyl-LTs (LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4) and LTB4, are potent inflammatory lipid mediators which have been involved in the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases. LC-MS/MS techniques for measuring LT concentrations in sputum supernatants, serum, urine and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) have been developed. In asthmatic adults, reported LTB4 and LTE4 concentrations in sputum range from 79 to 7,220 pg/ml and from 11.9 to 891 pg/ml, respectively. Data on sputum LT concentrations in healthy subjects are not available. In EBC, reported LTE4 concentrations range from 38 to 126 pg/ml (95% CI) in adult asthma patients and from 34 to 48 pg/ml in healthy subjects. LTB4 concentrations in EBC range from 175 to 315 pg/ml (interquartile range) in asthmatic children, and from 25 to 245 pg/ml in healthy children. Enabling an accurate quantitative assessment of LTs in biological fluids, LC-MS/MS techniques provide a valuable tool for exploring the pathophysiological role of LTs in respiratory disease and might be useful for assessing the effects of therapeutic intervention. This review presents the analytical aspects of the LC-MS/MS techniques for measuring LT concentrations in biological fluids and discusses their potential utility for the assessment of airway inflammation and monitoring of pharmacological treatment in patients with asthma phenotypes and other respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Montuschi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Santini
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Valente
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Mondino
- Department of Immunodermatology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Macagno
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Cattani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Gina Zini
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia Mores
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome, Italy
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Reber LL, Frossard N. Targeting mast cells in inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 142:416-35. [PMID: 24486828 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although mast cells have long been known to play a critical role in anaphylaxis and other allergic diseases, they also participate in some innate immune responses and may even have some protective functions. Data from the study of mast cell-deficient mice have facilitated our understanding of some of the molecular mechanisms driving mast cell functions during both innate and adaptive immune responses. This review presents an overview of the biology of mast cells and their potential involvement in various inflammatory diseases. We then discuss some of the current pharmacological approaches used to target mast cells and their products in several diseases associated with mast cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent L Reber
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Nelly Frossard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR 7200 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, France
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Tang X, Liu XJ, Tian C, Su Q, Lei Y, Wu Q, He Y, Whitsett JA, Luo F. Foxa2 regulates leukotrienes to inhibit Th2-mediated pulmonary inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 49:960-70. [PMID: 23822876 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0122oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxa2 is a member of the Forkhead family of nuclear transcription factors that is highly expressed in respiratory epithelial cells of the developing and mature lung. Foxa2 is required for normal airway epithelial differentiation, and its deletion causes goblet-cell metaplasia and Th2-mediated pulmonary inflammation during postnatal development. Foxa2 expression is inhibited during aeroallergen sensitization and after stimulation with Th2 cytokines, when its loss is associated with goblet-cell metaplasia. Mechanisms by which Foxa2 controls airway epithelial differentiation and Th2 immunity are incompletely known. During the first 2 weeks after birth, the loss of Foxa2 increases the production of leukotrienes (LTs) and Th2 cytokines in the lungs of Foxa2 gene-targeted mice. Foxa2 expression inhibited 15-lipoxygenase (Alox15) and increased Alox5 transcription, each encoding key lipoxygenases associated with asthma. The inhibition of the cysteinyl LT (CysLT) signaling pathway by montelukast inhibited IL-4, IL-5, eotaxin-2, and regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted expression in the developing lungs of Foxa2 gene-targeted mice. Montelukast inhibited the expression of genes regulating mucus metaplasia, including Spdef, Muc5ac, Foxa3, and Arg2. Foxa2 plays a cell-autonomous role in the respiratory epithelium, and is required for the suppression of Th2 immunity and mucus metaplasia in the developing lung in a process determined in part by its regulation of the CysLT pathway.
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Parsons MW, Li L, Wallace AM, Lee MJ, Katz HR, Fernandez JM, Saijo S, Iwakura Y, Austen KF, Kanaoka Y, Barrett NA. Dectin-2 regulates the effector phase of house dust mite-elicited pulmonary inflammation independently from its role in sensitization. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:1361-71. [PMID: 24453247 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The myeloid C-type lectin receptor Dectin-2 directs the generation of Th2 and Th17 immune responses to the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae through the generation of cysteinyl leukotrienes and proinflammatory cytokines, respectively, but a role for Dectin-2 in effector phase responses has not been described. In this study, we demonstrate that administration of the Dectin-2 mAb solely at the time of D. farinae challenge abrogated eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and Th1, Th2, and Th17 inflammation in the lung of previously sensitized mice. Furthermore, Dectin-2 null mice (Clec4n(-/-)) sensitized with the adoptive transfer of D. farinae-pulsed wild-type (WT) bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) also had less D. farinae-elicited pulmonary inflammation, supporting an effector function for Dectin-2. The protection from pulmonary inflammation seen with the Dectin-2 mAb or in Clec4n(-/-) mice was associated with little or no reduction in lung-draining lymph node cells or their cytokine production and with no reduction in serum IgE. WT and Clec4n(-/-) mice recipients, sensitized with D. farinae-pulsed WT bone marrow-derived DCs, had comparable levels of D. farinae-elicited IL-6, IL-23, TNF-α, and cysteinyl leukotrienes in the lung. By contrast, D. farinae-elicited CCL4 and CCL8 production from pulmonary CD11c(+)CD11b(+)Ly6C(+) and CD11c(+)CD11b(+)Ly6C(-)CD64(+) monocyte-derived DCs was reduced in Clec4n(-/-) recipients. Addition of CCL8 at the time of D. farinae challenge abrogated the protection from eosinophilic, neutrophilic, and Th2 pulmonary inflammation seen in Clec4n(-/-) recipients. Taken together, these results reveal that Dectin-2 regulates monocyte-derived DC function in the pulmonary microenvironment at D. farinae challenge to promote the local inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Parsons
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
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Hirata H, Arima M, Fukushima Y, Sugiyama K, Tokuhisa T, Fukuda T. Leukotriene C4 aggravates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Respirology 2013; 18:674-81. [PMID: 23432979 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Synthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LT) is thought to cause inflammatory disorders such as bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Recent reports have suggested that leukotriene C4 (LTC4 ) is an important regulator of pulmonary fibrosis. This study examined the effect of LTC4 in LTC4 synthase-overexpressed transgenic mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The function of lung-derived fibroblasts from transgenic mice was also investigated. METHODS Bleomycin was administrated to transgenic mice and wild-type (WT) mice by intratracheal instillation. Concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4 and -13, interferon-γ, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after the administration of bleomycin. Lung tissue was examined histopathologically on day 14. In addition, lung-derived fibroblasts from transgenic and WT mice were cultured for 7 days. Expression of TGF-β1 mRNA was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Both the pathological scores for pulmonary fibrosis (3.8 ± 0.4 vs 2.0 ± 0.1, P < 0.05) and the levels of IL-4 (12.1 ± 2.3 vs <7.8 pg/mL, P < 0.05), IL-13 (26.5 ± 5.2 vs <7.8 pg/mL, P < 0.01) and TGF-β1 (211.1 ± 30.2 vs 21.3 ± 1.2 pg/mL, P < 0.01) on day 14 were significantly greater in transgenic than in WT mice. Furthermore, the reduction of LTC4 by pranlukast hydrate, a cys-LT1 receptor antagonist, in fibroblasts from transgenic significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA (by ∼50%) compared with those from WT mice. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of LTC4 , amplifies bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Our findings suggest a role for LTC4 in lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokuni Hirata
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan.
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Differential regulation of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor signaling by protein kinase C in human mast cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71536. [PMID: 23977066 PMCID: PMC3744564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs) are a group of lipid mediators that are potent bronchoconstrictors, powerful inducers of vascular leakage and potentiators of airway hyperresponsiveness. Cys-LTs play an essential role in asthma and are synthesized as well as activated in mast cells (MCs). Cys-LTs relay their effects mainly through two known GPCRs, CysLT1R and CysLT2R. Although protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms are implicated in the regulation of CysLT1R function, neither the role of PKCs in cys-LT-dependent MC inflammatory signaling nor the involvement of specific isoforms in MC function are known. Here, we show that PKC inhibition augmented LTD4 and LTE4-induced calcium influx through CysLT1R in MCs. In contrast, inhibition of PKCs suppressed c-fos expression as well MIP1β generation by cys-LTs. Interestingly, cys-LTs activated both PKCα and PKCε isoforms in MC. However, knockdown of PKCα augmented cys-LT mediated calcium flux, while knockdown of PKCε attenuated cys-LT induced c-fos expression and MIP1β generation. Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that cys-LT signaling downstream of CysLT1R in MCs is differentially regulated by two distinct PKCs which modulate inflammatory signals that have significant pathobiologic implications in allergic reactions and asthma pathology.
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Lipid mediators and allergic diseases. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013; 111:155-62. [PMID: 23987187 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2013.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the basic science and translational relevance of lipid mediators in the pathobiology of allergic diseases. DATA SOURCES PubMed was searched for articles using the key terms lipid mediator, prostaglandin, prostanoid, leukotriene, thromboxane, asthma, and allergic inflammation. STUDY SELECTIONS Articles were selected based on their relevance to the goals of this review. Articles with a particular focus on clinical and translational aspects of basic science discoveries were emphasized. RESULTS Lipid mediators are bioactive molecules generated from cell membrane phospholipids. They play important roles in many disease states, particularly in inflammatory and immune responses. Lipid mediators and their receptors are potentially useful as diagnostic markers of disease and therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS Several useful therapeutic agents have been developed based on a growing understanding of the lipid mediator pathways in allergic disease, notably the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor type 1 antagonists and the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, zileuton. Additional receptor agonists and antagonists relevant to these pathways are in development, and it is likely that future pharmacologic treatments for allergic disease will become available as our understanding of these molecules continues to evolve.
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Abstract
Oral mite anaphylaxis is a new syndrome characterized by severe allergic manifestations occurring in atopic patients shortly after the intake of foods made with mite-contaminated wheat flour. This clinical entity, observed more frequently in tropical/subtropical environments, is more often triggered by pancakes and for that reason it has been designated "pancake syndrome". Because cooked foods are able to induce the symptoms, it has been proposed that thermoresistant allergens are involved in its production. A novel variety of this syndrome occurs during physical exercise and therefore has been named dust mite ingestion-associated exercise-induced anaphylaxis. To prevent mite proliferation and the production of anaphylaxis, it has been recommended that wheat flour be stored at low temperatures in the refrigerator.
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