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Vásquez-Suárez A, Muñoz-Flores C, Ortega L, Roa F, Castillo C, Romero A, Parra N, Sandoval F, Macaya L, González-Chavarría I, Astuya A, Starck MF, Villegas MF, Agurto N, Montesino R, Sánchez O, Valenzuela A, Toledo JR, Acosta J. Design and functional characterization of Salmo salar TLR5 agonist peptides derived from high mobility group B1 acidic tail. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109373. [PMID: 38272332 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) responds to the monomeric form of flagellin and induces the MyD88-depending signaling pathway, activating proinflammatory transcription factors such as NF-κB and the consequent induction of cytokines. On the other hand, HMGB1 is a highly conserved non-histone chromosomal protein shown to interact with and activate TLR5. The present work aimed to design and characterize TLR5 agonist peptides derived from the acidic tail of Salmo salar HMGB1 based on the structural knowledge of the TLR5 surface using global molecular docking platforms. Peptide binding poses complexed on TLR5 ectodomain model from each algorithm were filtrated based on docking scoring functions and predicted theoretical binding affinity of the complex. Circular dichroism spectra were recorded for each peptide selected for synthesis. Only intrinsically disordered peptides (6W, 11W, and SsOri) were selected for experimental functional assay. The functional characterization of the peptides was performed by NF-κB activation assays, RT-qPCR gene expression assays, and Piscirickettsia salmonis challenge in SHK-1 cells. The 6W and 11W peptides increased the nuclear translation of p65 and phosphorylation. In addition, the peptides induced the expression of genes related to the TLR5 pathway activation, pro- and anti-inflammatory response, and differentiation and activation of T lymphocytes towards phenotypes such as TH1, TH17, and TH2. Finally, it was shown that the 11W peptide protects immune cells against infection with P. salmonis bacteria. Overall, the results indicate the usefulness of novel peptides as potential immunostimulants in salmonids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleikar Vásquez-Suárez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Carolina Muñoz-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Leonardo Ortega
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Francisco Roa
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Carolina Castillo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Alex Romero
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Estrés de Organismos Acuáticos, Instituto de Patología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Natalie Parra
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Felipe Sandoval
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Luis Macaya
- Departamento de Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Iván González-Chavarría
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Allisson Astuya
- Laboratorio de Genómica Marina y Cultivo Celular, Departamento de Oceanografía y COPAS Sur-Austral, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - María Francisca Starck
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Milton F Villegas
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Niza Agurto
- Laboratorio de Piscicultura y Patología Acuática, Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Raquel Montesino
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Oliberto Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Biofármacos Recombinantes, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Ariel Valenzuela
- Laboratorio de Piscicultura y Patología Acuática, Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jorge R Toledo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Jannel Acosta
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
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Zhu X, Dou Y, Lin Y, Chu G, Wang J, Ma L. HMGB1 regulates Th17 cell differentiation and function in patients with psoriasis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1205. [PMID: 38414294 PMCID: PMC10899799 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease, in which T helper 17 (Th17) cells and its effective cytokine interleukin (IL)-17A play a pivotal pathogenic role. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an important proinflammatory cytokine, which has been confirmed to be highly expressed in the peripheral circulation and epidermis tissues of psoriasis patients. The regulatory effect of HMGB1 on IL-17A expression and function has been reported in some inflammatory and autoimmune diseases by the HMGB1-Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-interleukin (IL)-23-IL-17A pathway. While, in the pathological environment of psoriasis, whether HMGB1 can exert the regulatory effect on IL-17A is not clear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the role of HMGB1-TLR4-IL-23-IL-17A pathway in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and explore the possible regulatory mechanism of HMGB1 on Th17 cell differentiation. METHODS Serum levels of HMGB1, TLR4, IL-23, and IL-17A were quantified in 50 patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and 30 healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were acquired from 10 severe psoriasis patients and administrated by different concentrations of recombinant-HMGB1 (rHMGB1) to detect the Th17 cell percentage, mRNA and protein levels of TLR4, IL-23, IL-17A and retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt). RESULTS The serum levels of HMGB1, TLR4, IL-23, and IL-17A in psoriasis patients were significantly higher than healthy controls, especially in severe patients, and positively correlated with the severity index. There were also positive correlations between every two detected indicators of HMGB1, TLR4, IL-23, and IL-17A. In vitro study, rHMGB1 can promote the elevated expression of Th17 cell percentage as well as TLR4, IL-23, IL-17A, and RORγt in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION HMGB1 can contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis by regulating Th17 cell differentiation through HMGB1-TLR4-IL-23-RORγt pathway, then promotes IL-17A production and aggravates inflammation process. Targeting HMGB1 may be a possible potential candidate for the immunotherapy of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of DermatologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Yue Dou
- Department of DermatologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Yawen Lin
- Department of DermatologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Gaoping Chu
- Department of DermatologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of DermatologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of DermatologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
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Henrioux F, Navel V, Belville C, Charnay C, Antoine A, Chiambaretta F, Sapin V, Blanchon L. Inflammation of Dry Eye Syndrome: A Cellular Study of the Epithelial and Macrophagic Involvement of NFAT5 and RAGE. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11052. [PMID: 37446230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye inflammation is a key step in a vicious circle and needs to be better understood in order to break it. The goals of this work were to, first, characterize alarmins and cytokines released by ocular surface cells in the hyperosmolar context and, second, study the role of NFAT5 in this process. Finally, we studied the potential action of these alarmins in ocular surface epithelial cells and macrophages via RAGE pathways. HCE and WKD cell lines were cultured in a NaCl-hyperosmolar medium and the expression of alarmins (S100A4, S100A8, S100A9, and HMGB1), cytokines (IL6, IL8, TNFα, and MCP1), and NFAT5 were assessed using RT-qPCR, ELISA and multiplex, Western blot, immunofluorescence, and luciferase assays. In selected experiments, an inhibitor of RAGE (RAP) or NFAT5 siRNAs were added before the hyperosmolar stimulations. HCE and WKD cells or macrophages were treated with recombinant proteins of alarmins (with or without RAP) and analyzed for cytokine expression and chemotaxis, respectively. Hyperosmolarity induced epithelial cell inflammation depending on cell type. NFAT5, but not RAGE or alarmins, participated in triggering epithelial inflammation. Furthermore, the release of alarmins induced macrophage migration through RAGE. These in vitro results suggest that NFAT5 and RAGE have a role in dry eye inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Henrioux
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Institute Genetics, Reproduction and Development (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valentin Navel
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Institute Genetics, Reproduction and Development (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Ophthalmology Department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Corinne Belville
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Institute Genetics, Reproduction and Development (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Coline Charnay
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Institute Genetics, Reproduction and Development (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Audrey Antoine
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Institute Genetics, Reproduction and Development (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédéric Chiambaretta
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Institute Genetics, Reproduction and Development (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Ophthalmology Department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Sapin
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Institute Genetics, Reproduction and Development (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Loïc Blanchon
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Institute Genetics, Reproduction and Development (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Palanivelu L, Liu CH, Lin LT. Immunogenic cell death: The cornerstone of oncolytic viro-immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1038226. [PMID: 36755812 PMCID: PMC9899992 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, cancer is one of the leading global health concerns, causing nearly 10 million deaths in 2020. While classical chemotherapeutics produce strong cytotoxicity on cancer cells, they carry limitations of drug resistance and off-target effects and sometimes fail to elicit adequate antitumor protection against tumor relapse. Additionally, most cancer cells have developed various ways to escape immune surveillance. Nevertheless, novel anticancer strategies such as oncolytic viro-immunotherapy can trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD), which can quickly grasp the attention of the host defense machinery, resulting in an ensuing antitumor immune response. Specifically, oncolytic viruses (OVs) can infect and destroy targeted cancer cells and stimulate the immune system by exposing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to promote inflammatory reactions, and concomitantly prime and induce antitumor immunity by the release of neoantigens from the damaged cancer cells. Thus, OVs can serve as a novel system to sensitize tumor cells for promising immunotherapies. This review discusses the concept of ICD in cancer, centralizing ICD-associated danger signals and their consequence in antitumor responses and ICD induced by OVs. We also shed light on the potential strategies to enhance the immunogenicity of OVs, including the use of genetically modified OVs and their combination with ICD-enhancing agents, which are helpful as forthcoming anticancer regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitha Palanivelu
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Liang-Tzung Lin,
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Neutrophils and Asthma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12051175. [PMID: 35626330 PMCID: PMC9140072 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12051175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although eosinophilic inflammation is characteristic of asthma pathogenesis, neutrophilic inflammation is also marked, and eosinophils and neutrophils can coexist in some cases. Based on the proportion of sputum cell differentiation, asthma is classified into eosinophilic asthma, neutrophilic asthma, neutrophilic and eosinophilic asthma, and paucigranulocytic asthma. Classification by bronchoalveolar lavage is also performed. Eosinophilic asthma accounts for most severe asthma cases, but neutrophilic asthma or a mixture of the two types can also present a severe phenotype. Biomarkers for the diagnosis of neutrophilic asthma include sputum neutrophils, blood neutrophils, chitinase-3-like protein, and hydrogen sulfide in sputum and serum. Thymic stromal lymphoprotein (TSLP)/T-helper 17 pathways, bacterial colonization/microbiome, neutrophil extracellular traps, and activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 pathways are involved in the pathophysiology of neutrophilic asthma and coexistence of obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and habitual cigarette smoking have been associated with its pathogenesis. Thus, targeting neutrophilic asthma is important. Smoking cessation, neutrophil-targeting treatments, and biologics have been tested as treatments for severe asthma, but most clinical studies have not focused on neutrophilic asthma. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, anti-TSLP antibodies, azithromycin, and anti-cholinergic agents are promising drugs for neutrophilic asthma. However, clinical research targeting neutrophilic inflammation is required to elucidate the optimal treatment.
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Di Gioacchino M, Della Valle L, Allegra A, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. AllergoOncology: Role of immune cells and immune proteins. Clin Transl Allergy 2022; 12:e12133. [PMID: 35344301 PMCID: PMC8967267 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune cells and immune proteins play a pivotal role in host responses to pathogens, allergens and cancer. Understanding the crosstalk between allergic response and cancer, immune surveillance, immunomodulation, role of immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐mediated functions and help to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Allergy and oncology show two opposite scenarios: whereas immune tolerance is desired in allergy, it is detrimental in cancer. Aim The current review provides an update on the role of immune cells and immune proteins in allergy and cancer fields. Methods Authors investigated the role of relevant immunological markers and the correlation with cancer progression or cancer suppression. Results Activated immune cells such as macrophages ‘M1’, dendritic cells (DCs), innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), NK cells, Th1, follicular T helper cells (TFH), TCD8+, B lymphocytes and eosinophils have inhibitory effects on tumourigenesis, while tolerogenic cells such as macrophages ‘M2,’ tolerogenic DCs, ILC3, T and B regulatory lymphocytes appear to favour carcinogenesis. Mastocytes and alarmins can have both effects. RIgE antibodies and CCCL5 chemokine have an anticancer role, whereas IgG4, free light chains, Il‐10, TGF‐β, lipocalin‐2, CCL1 chemokine promote cancer progression. Fundamental is also the contribution of epigenetic changes regulated by the microRNA in cancer progression. Conclusion This knowledge represents the key to developing new anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Di Gioacchino
- Center for Advanced Science and Technology, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy.,IDA - Institute of Clinical Immunotherapy and Advanced Biological Treatments, Pescara, Italy
| | - Loredana Della Valle
- Center for Advanced Science and Technology, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy.,IDA - Institute of Clinical Immunotherapy and Advanced Biological Treatments, Pescara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood 'Gaetano Barresi', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Sen Chaudhuri A, Yeh YW, Zewdie O, Li NS, Sun JB, Jin T, Wei B, Holmgren J, Xiang Z. S100A4 exerts robust mucosal adjuvant activity for co-administered antigens in mice. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:1028-1039. [PMID: 35729204 PMCID: PMC9212208 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00535-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The lack of clinically applicable mucosal adjuvants is a major hurdle in designing effective mucosal vaccines. We hereby report that the calcium-binding protein S100A4, which regulates a wide range of biological functions, is a potent mucosal adjuvant in mice for co-administered antigens, including the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, with comparable or even superior efficacy as cholera toxin but without causing any adverse reactions. Intranasal immunization with recombinant S100A4 elicited antigen-specific antibody and pulmonary cytotoxic T cell responses, and these responses were remarkably sustained for longer than 6 months. As a self-protein, S100A4 did not stimulate antibody responses against itself, a quality desired of adjuvants. S100A4 prolonged nasal residence of intranasally delivered antigens and promoted migration of antigen-presenting cells. S100A4-pulsed dendritic cells potently activated cognate T cells. Furthermore, S100A4 induced strong germinal center responses revealed by both microscopy and mass spectrometry, a novel label-free technique for measuring germinal center activity. Importantly, S100A4 did not induce olfactory bulb inflammation after nasal delivery, which is often a safety concern for nasal vaccination. In conclusion, S100A4 may be a promising adjuvant in formulating mucosal vaccines, including vaccines against pathogens that infect via the respiratory tract, such as SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arka Sen Chaudhuri
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China ,grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, 518000 Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu-Wen Yeh
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Olifan Zewdie
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nga Shan Li
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia-Bin Sun
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX) and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Tao Jin
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-413 46 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Bin Wei
- grid.39436.3b0000 0001 2323 5732School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Jan Holmgren
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX) and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Zou Xiang
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Borg DJ, Faridi P, Giam KL, Reeves P, Fotheringham AK, McCarthy DA, Leung S, Ward MS, Harcourt BE, Ayala R, Scheijen JL, Briskey D, Dudek NL, Schalkwijk CG, Steptoe R, Purcell AW, Forbes JM. Short Duration Alagebrium Chloride Therapy Prediabetes Does Not Inhibit Progression to Autoimmune Diabetes in an Experimental Model. Metabolites 2021; 11:426. [PMID: 34203471 PMCID: PMC8305727 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms by which advanced glycation end products (AGEs) contribute to type 1 diabetes (T1D) pathogenesis are poorly understood. Since life-long pharmacotherapy with alagebrium chloride (ALT) slows progression to experimental T1D, we hypothesized that acute ALT therapy delivered prediabetes, may be effective. However, in female, non-obese diabetic (NODShiLt) mice, ALT administered prediabetes (day 50-100) did not protect against experimental T1D. ALT did not decrease circulating AGEs or their precursors. Despite this, pancreatic β-cell function was improved, and insulitis and pancreatic CD45.1+ cell infiltration was reduced. Lymphoid tissues were unaffected. ALT pre-treatment, prior to transfer of primed GC98 CD8+ T cell receptor transgenic T cells, reduced blood glucose concentrations and delayed diabetes, suggesting islet effects rather than immune modulation by ALT. Indeed, ALT did not reduce interferon-γ production by leukocytes from ovalbumin-pre-immunised NODShiLt mice and NODscid recipients given diabetogenic ALT treated NOD splenocytes were not protected against T1D. To elucidate β-cell effects, NOD-derived MIN6N8 β-cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class Ia surface antigens were examined using immunopeptidomics. Overall, no major changes in the immunopeptidome were observed during the various treatments with all peptides exhibiting allele specific consensus binding motifs. As expected, longer MHC Class Ia peptides were captured bound to H-2Db than H-2Kb under all conditions. Moreover, more 10-12 mer peptides were isolated from H-2Db after AGE modified bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) treatment, compared with bovine serum albumin (BSA) or AGE-BSA+ALT treatment. Proteomics of MIN6N8 cells showed enrichment of processes associated with catabolism, the immune system, cell cycling and presynaptic endocytosis with AGE-BSA compared with BSA treatments. These data show that short-term ALT intervention, given prediabetes, does not arrest experimental T1D but transiently impacts β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J. Borg
- Glycation and Diabetes Complications, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (D.J.B.); (A.K.F.); (D.A.M.); (S.L.); (M.S.W.); (B.E.H.)
- Pregnancy and Development, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Pouya Faridi
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (P.F.); (K.L.G.); (R.A.); (N.L.D.); (A.W.P.)
| | - Kai Lin Giam
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (P.F.); (K.L.G.); (R.A.); (N.L.D.); (A.W.P.)
| | - Peta Reeves
- Tolerance and Autoimmunity Group, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (P.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Amelia K. Fotheringham
- Glycation and Diabetes Complications, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (D.J.B.); (A.K.F.); (D.A.M.); (S.L.); (M.S.W.); (B.E.H.)
| | - Domenica A. McCarthy
- Glycation and Diabetes Complications, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (D.J.B.); (A.K.F.); (D.A.M.); (S.L.); (M.S.W.); (B.E.H.)
| | - Sherman Leung
- Glycation and Diabetes Complications, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (D.J.B.); (A.K.F.); (D.A.M.); (S.L.); (M.S.W.); (B.E.H.)
| | - Micheal S. Ward
- Glycation and Diabetes Complications, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (D.J.B.); (A.K.F.); (D.A.M.); (S.L.); (M.S.W.); (B.E.H.)
| | - Brooke E. Harcourt
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Rochelle Ayala
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (P.F.); (K.L.G.); (R.A.); (N.L.D.); (A.W.P.)
| | - Jean L. Scheijen
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (J.L.S.); (C.G.S.)
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, 6211 Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - David Briskey
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia;
| | - Nadine L. Dudek
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (P.F.); (K.L.G.); (R.A.); (N.L.D.); (A.W.P.)
| | - Casper G. Schalkwijk
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (J.L.S.); (C.G.S.)
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, 6211 Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond Steptoe
- Tolerance and Autoimmunity Group, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (P.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Anthony W. Purcell
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (P.F.); (K.L.G.); (R.A.); (N.L.D.); (A.W.P.)
| | - Josephine M. Forbes
- Glycation and Diabetes Complications, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (D.J.B.); (A.K.F.); (D.A.M.); (S.L.); (M.S.W.); (B.E.H.)
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Mater Clinical School, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
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9
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Teodorowicz M, Zenker HE, Ewaz A, Tsallis T, Mauser A, Gensberger‐Reigl S, de Jong NW, Hettinga KA, Wichers HJ, van Neerven RJJ, Savelkoul HFJ. Enhanced Uptake of Processed Bovine β-Lactoglobulin by Antigen Presenting Cells: Identification of Receptors and Implications for Allergenicity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000834. [PMID: 33559978 PMCID: PMC8244112 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE β-lactoglobulin (BLG) is a major cow milk allergen encountered by the immune system of infants fed with milk-based formulas. To determine the effect of processing on immunogenicity of BLG, this article characterized how heated and glycated BLG are recognized and internalized by APCs. Also, the effect of heat-induced structural changes as well as gastrointestinal digestion on immunogenicity of BLG is evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS The binding and uptake of BLG from raw cow milk and heated either alone (BLG-H) or with lactose/glucose (BLG-Lac and BLG-Glu) to the receptors present on APCs are analyzed by ELISA and cell-binding assays. Heated and glycated BLG is internalized via galectin-3 (Gal-3)and scavenger receptors (CD36 and SR-AI) while binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (R AGE) does not cause internalization. Receptor affinity of BLG is dependent on increased hydrophobicity, β-sheet exposure and aggregation. Digested glycated BLG maintained binding to sRAGE and Gal-3 but not to CD36 and SR-AI, and is detected on the surface of APCs. This suggests a mechanism via which digested glycated BLG may trigger innate (via RAGE) and adaptive immunity (via Gal-3). CONCLUSIONS This study defines structural characteristics of heated and glycated BLG determining its interaction with APCs via specific receptors thus revealing enhanced immunogenicity of glycated versus heated BLG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Teodorowicz
- Cell Biology & ImmunologyWageningen University & Research CentreWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Hannah E. Zenker
- Food Quality & Design GroupWageningen University & Research CentreWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Arifa Ewaz
- Cell Biology & ImmunologyWageningen University & Research CentreWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Theodoros Tsallis
- Cell Biology & ImmunologyWageningen University & Research CentreWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Andreas Mauser
- Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - Sabrina Gensberger‐Reigl
- Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - Nicolette W. de Jong
- Internal Medicine, Allergology & Clinical ImmunologyErasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kasper A. Hettinga
- Food Quality & Design GroupWageningen University & Research CentreWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Harry J. Wichers
- Food & Biobased ResearchWageningen University & Research CentreWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - R. J. Joost van Neerven
- Cell Biology & ImmunologyWageningen University & Research CentreWageningenthe Netherlands
- Friesland CampinaAmersfoortthe Netherlands
| | - Huub F. J. Savelkoul
- Cell Biology & ImmunologyWageningen University & Research CentreWageningenthe Netherlands
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10
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Gou X, Ying J, Yue Y, Qiu X, Hu P, Qu Y, Li J, Mu D. The Roles of High Mobility Group Box 1 in Cerebral Ischemic Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:600280. [PMID: 33384585 PMCID: PMC7770223 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.600280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein that plays an important role in stabilizing nucleosomes and DNA repair. HMGB1 can be passively released from necrotic neurons or actively secreted by microglia, macrophages/monocytes, and neutrophils. Cerebral ischemia is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide, and its outcome depends on the number of neurons dying due to hypoxia in the ischemic area. HMGB1 contributes to the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia via mediating neuroinflammatory responses to cerebral ischemic injury. Extracellular HMGB1 regulates many neuroinflammatory events by interacting with its different cell surface receptors, such as receptors for advanced glycation end products, toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, and TLR-4. Additionally, HMGB1 can be redox-modified, thus exerting specific cellular functions in the ischemic brain and has different roles in the acute and late stages of cerebral ischemic injury. However, the role of HMGB1 in cerebral ischemia is complex and remains unclear. Herein, we summarize and review the research on HMGB1 in cerebral ischemia, focusing especially on the role of HMGB1 in hypoxic ischemia in the immature brain and in white matter ischemic injury. We also outline the possible mechanisms of HMGB1 in cerebral ischemia and the main strategies to inhibit HMGB1 pertaining to its potential as a novel critical molecular target in cerebral ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Gou
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Glycation reaction and the role of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products in immunity and social behavior. Glycoconj J 2020; 38:303-310. [PMID: 33108607 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (receptor for AGEs, RAGE) is a pattern recognition receptor. The interaction of RAGE with its ligands, such as AGEs, S100 proteins, high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), is known to play a pivotal role in the propagation of immune responses and inflammatory reactions. The ligand-RAGE interaction elicits cellular responses, for example, in myeloid and lymphoid cells, through distinct pathways by activating NF-κB and Rac1/cdc42, which lead to cytokine production, cell migration, phagocytosis, maturation, and polarization. Recently, oxytocin, a peptide hormone and neuropeptide, was identified as a novel binding molecule for the RAGE; however, it cannot compete with the interaction of RAGE with other ligands or induce RAGE intracellular signaling. The RAGE transports oxytocin from the blood into the brain and regulates brain functions. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of glycation reaction, AGEs, and the RAGE-mediated biological responses as well as the physiological role of RAGE in immunity and social behaviors, particularly, maternal bonding.
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12
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Liao Y, Liu S, Fu S, Wu J. HMGB1 in Radiotherapy: A Two Headed Signal Regulating Tumor Radiosensitivity and Immunity. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6859-6871. [PMID: 32764978 PMCID: PMC7369309 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s253772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a mainstay of cancer treatment. Recent studies have shown that RT not only directly induces cell death but also has late and sustained immune effects. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein released during RT, with location-dependent functions. It is essential for normal cellular function but also regulates the proliferation and migration of tumor cells by binding to high-affinity receptors. In this review, we summarize recent evidence on the functions of HMGB1 in RT according to the position, intracellular HMGB1 and extracellular HMGB1. Intracellular HMGB1 induces radiation tolerance in tumor cells by promoting DNA damage repair and autophagy. Extracellular HMGB1 plays a more intricate role in radiation-related immune responses, wherein it not only stimulates the anti-tumor immune response by facilitating the recognition of dying tumor cells but is also involved in maintaining immunosuppression. Factors that potentially affect the role of HMGB1 in RT-induced cytotoxicity have also been discussed in the context of possible therapeutic applications, which helps to develop effective and targeted radio-sensitization therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuya Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaozhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
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13
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Dariya B, Nagaraju GP. Advanced glycation end products in diabetes, cancer and phytochemical therapy. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1614-1623. [PMID: 32652310 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The irreversible glycation and oxidation of proteins and lipids produces advanced glycation end products (AGEs). These modified AGEs are triggered to bind the receptor for AGE (RAGE), thereby activating its downstream signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, ultimately leading to diabetes and cancers. In this review, we focus on the interaction of AGE-RAGE and their associated pathways. We also consider the activity of phytochemicals, such as genistein and curcumin, that trap dicarbonyl compounds including methylglyoxal (MG) and glyoxalase that arise from multiple pathways to block AGE formation and prevent its interaction with RAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Dariya
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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14
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Qian C, Yang LJ, Cui H. Recent Advances in Nanotechnology for Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:960. [PMID: 32694998 PMCID: PMC7338589 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most important antigen-presenting cells that determine cancer immune responses by regulating immune activation and tolerance, especially in the initiation stage of specific responses. Manipulation of DCs to enhance specific antitumor immune response is considered to be a powerful tool for tumor eradication. Nanotechnology, which can incorporate multifunction components and show spatiotemporal control properties, is of great interest and is widely investigated for its ability to improve immune response activity against cancer and even for prevention and avoiding recurrence. In this mini-review, we aim to provide a general view of DC-based immunotherapy, including that involving the promising nanotechnology. Particularly we discuss: (1) manipulation or engineering of DCs for adoptive vaccination, (2) employing DCs as a combination to more existing therapeutics in tumor treatment, and (3) direct modulation of DCs in vivo to enhance antigen presentation efficacy and priming T cells subsequently. We comprehensively discuss the updates on the application of nanotechnology in DC-based immunotherapy and provide some insights on the challenges and opportunities of DC-based immunotherapeutics, including the potential of nanotechnology, against cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hong Cui
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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15
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Patel DM, Bose M, Cooper ME. Glucose and Blood Pressure-Dependent Pathways-The Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062218. [PMID: 32210089 PMCID: PMC7139394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The major clinical associations with the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are glycemic control and systemic hypertension. Recent studies have continued to emphasize vasoactive hormone pathways including aldosterone and endothelin which suggest a key role for vasoconstrictor pathways in promoting renal damage in diabetes. The role of glucose per se remains difficult to define in DKD but appears to involve key intermediates including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and dicarbonyls such as methylglyoxal which activate intracellular pathways to promote fibrosis and inflammation in the kidney. Recent studies have identified a novel molecular interaction between hemodynamic and metabolic pathways which could lead to new treatments for DKD. This should lead to a further improvement in the outlook of DKD building on positive results from RAAS blockade and more recently newer classes of glucose-lowering agents such as SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devang M. Patel
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University Central, Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
- Correspondence: (D.M.P.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Madhura Bose
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University Central, Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
| | - Mark E. Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University Central, Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Correspondence: (D.M.P.); (M.E.C.)
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16
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Tajbakhsh A, Rezaee M, Barreto GE, Moallem SA, Henney NC, Sahebkar A. The role of nuclear factors as “Find-Me”/alarmin signals and immunostimulation in defective efferocytosis and related disorders. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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17
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Zhao J, Sun T, Wu S, Liu Y. High Mobility Group Box 1: An Immune-regulatory Protein. Curr Gene Ther 2019; 19:100-109. [PMID: 31223085 DOI: 10.2174/1566523219666190621111604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) presents in almost all somatic cells as a component of the cell nucleus. It is necessary for transcription regulation during cell development. Recent studies indicate that extracellular HMGB1, coming from necrotic cells or activated immune cells, triggers inflammatory response whereas intracellular HMGB1 controls the balance between autophagy and apoptosis. In addition, reduced HMGB1 can effectively mediate tissue regeneration. HMGB1, therefore, is regarded as a therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarized and discussed the immunomodulatory effect of HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Hefei No. 2 People Hospital, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Tianle Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Shengdi Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Department of Nursing, General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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18
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Koprivica I, Vujičić M, Gajić D, Saksida T, Stojanović I. Ethyl Pyruvate Stimulates Regulatory T Cells and Ameliorates Type 1 Diabetes Development in Mice. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3130. [PMID: 30687329 PMCID: PMC6335294 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which a strong inflammatory response causes the death of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells, while inefficient regulatory mechanisms allow that response to become chronic. Ethyl pyruvate (EP), a stable pyruvate derivate and certified inhibitor of an alarmin-high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), exerts anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis and encephalomyelitis. To test its therapeutic potential in T1D, EP was administered intraperitoneally to C57BL/6 mice with multiple low-dose streptozotocin (MLDS)-induced T1D. EP treatment decreased T1D incidence, reduced the infiltration of cells into the pancreatic islets and preserved β-cell function. Apart from reducing HMGB1 expression, EP treatment successfully interfered with the inflammatory response within the local pancreatic lymph nodes and in the pancreas. Its effect was restricted to boosting the regulatory arm of the immune response through up-regulation of tolerogenic dendritic cells (CD11c+CD11b-CD103+) within the pancreatic infiltrates and through the enhancement of regulatory T cell (Treg) levels (CD4+CD25highFoxP3+). These EP-stimulated Treg displayed enhanced suppressive capacity reflected in increased levels of CTLA-4, secreted TGF-β, and IL-10 and in the more efficient inhibition of effector T cell proliferation compared to Treg from diabetic animals. Higher levels of Treg were a result of increased differentiation and proliferation (Ki67+ cells), but also of the heightened potency for migration due to increased expression of adhesion molecules (CD11a and CD62L) and CXCR3 chemokine receptor. Treg isolated from EP-treated mice had the activated phenotype and T-bet expression more frequently, suggesting that they readily suppressed IFN-γ-producing cells. The effect of EP on Treg was also reproduced in vitro. Overall, our results show that EP treatment reduced T1D incidence in C57BL/6 mice predominantly by enhancing Treg differentiation, proliferation, their suppressive capacity, and recruitment into the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Koprivica
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Vujičić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragica Gajić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Saksida
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Stojanović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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19
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Hagiwara S, Sourris K, Ziemann M, Tieqiao W, Mohan M, McClelland AD, Brennan E, Forbes J, Coughlan M, Harcourt B, Penfold S, Wang B, Higgins G, Pickering R, El-Osta A, Thomas MC, Cooper ME, Kantharidis P. RAGE Deletion Confers Renoprotection by Reducing Responsiveness to Transforming Growth Factor-β and Increasing Resistance to Apoptosis. Diabetes 2018; 67:960-973. [PMID: 29449307 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Signaling via the receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE)-though complex and not fully elucidated in the setting of diabetes-is considered a key injurious pathway in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We report here that RAGE deletion resulted in increased expression of fibrotic markers (collagen I and IV, fibronectin) and the inflammatory marker MCP-1 in primary mouse mesangial cells (MCs) and in kidney cortex. RNA sequencing analysis in MCs from RAGE-/- and wild-type mice confirmed these observations. Nevertheless, despite these gene expression changes, decreased responsiveness to transforming growth factor-β was identified in RAGE-/- mice. Furthermore, RAGE deletion conferred a more proliferative phenotype in MCs and reduced susceptibility to staurosporine-induced apoptosis. RAGE restoration experiments in RAGE-/- MCs largely reversed these gene expression changes, resulting in reduced expression of fibrotic and inflammatory markers. This study highlights that protection against DN in RAGE knockout mice is likely to be due in part to the decreased responsiveness to growth factor stimulation and an antiapoptotic phenotype in MCs. Furthermore, it extends our understanding of the role of RAGE in the progression of DN, as RAGE seems to play a key role in modulating the sensitivity of the kidney to injurious stimuli such as prosclerotic cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Hagiwara
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karly Sourris
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Ziemann
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wu Tieqiao
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Muthukumar Mohan
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Aaron D McClelland
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eoin Brennan
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Josephine Forbes
- Mater Clinical School, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Melinda Coughlan
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brooke Harcourt
- Centre for Hormone Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sally Penfold
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bo Wang
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Kidney Regeneration and Stem Cell Laboratory, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gavin Higgins
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Raelene Pickering
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Assam El-Osta
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Merlin C Thomas
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Phillip Kantharidis
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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20
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Li R, Wang J, Zhu F, Li R, Liu B, Xu W, He G, Cao H, Wang Y, Yang J. HMGB1 regulates T helper 2 and T helper17 cell differentiation both directly and indirectly in asthmatic mice. Mol Immunol 2018; 97:45-55. [PMID: 29567318 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Th (T helper) 2 response is characteristic of allergic asthma, and Th17 cells are involved in more severe asthma. Recent studies demonstrated that HMGB1 (High mobility group box 1 protein) regulates airway inflammation and the Th2, Th17 inflammatory response in asthma. HMGB1 can interact with Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4, and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), activating the NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) signaling pathway and inducing the release of downstream inflammatory mediators. Both Th cells and dendritic cells express TLR2, TLR4, and RAGE receptors. Therefore, we speculate that HMGB1 could regulate the differentiation of Th2, Th17 cells in asthma through direct and indirect mechanisms. An ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse asthmatic model was established. Anti-HMGB1 antibody or rHMGB1 was administered to OVA-sensitized mice 30 min prior to each challenge. For in vitro studies, magnetically separated CD4+ naive T cells were stimulated with or without rHMGB1 and/or anti-HMGB1 antibody. BMDCs (bone marrow-derived dendritic cells)-stimulated with or without rHMGB1 and/or anti-HMGB1 antibody were cocultured with CD4+ naive T cells. Our study showed that administration of rHMGB1 aggravated airway inflammation and mucus production, and induced Th2, Th17 polarization in asthmatic mice, and that anti-HMGB1 antibody weakened characteristic features of asthma and blocked the Th2, Th17 inflammatory responses. HMGB1 could directly act on naive T cells to induce differentiation of Th2, Th17 cells in vitro through activating the TLR2, TLR4, RAGE-NF-κB signal pathway in CD4+ naive T cells. HMGB1 could also indirectly promote Th2, Th17 differentiation via activating the TLR2, TLR4, RAGE-NF-κB signal pathway in DCs to mediate their maturation and antigen-presenting ability in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiting Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Fangfang Zhu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Ruifang Li
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Third People's Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430033, PR China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Guangzhen He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Taihe Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, PR China
| | - Huan Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Yimin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Jiong Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China.
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21
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Intralesional rose bengal in melanoma elicits tumor immunity via activation of dendritic cells by the release of high mobility group box 1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:37893-37905. [PMID: 27177220 PMCID: PMC5122358 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intralesional (IL) therapy is under investigation to treat dermal and subcutaneous metastatic cancer. Rose bengal (RB) is a staining agent that was originally used by ophthalmologists and in liver function studies. IL injection of RB has been shown to induce regression of injected and uninjected tumors in murine models and clinical trials. In this study, we have shown a mechanism of tumor-specific immune response induced by IL RB. In melanoma-bearing mice, IL RB induced regression of injected tumor and inhibited the growth of bystander lesions mediated by CD8+ T cells. IL RB resulted in necrosis of tumor cells and the release of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), with increased dendritic cell (DC) infiltration into draining lymph nodes and the activation of tumor-specific T cells. Treatment of DC with tumor supernatants increased the ability of DCs to stimulate T cell proliferation, and blockade of HMGB1 in the supernatants suppressed DC activity. Additionally, increased HMGB1 levels were measured in the sera of melanoma patients treated with IL RB. These results support the role of IL RB to activate dendritic cells at the site of tumor necrosis for the induction of a systemic anti-tumor immune response.
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22
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Wang Z, Liang Q, Zhang Y, Yang J, Li M, Wang K, Cui M, Chen H, Fu ZF, Zhao L, Zhou M. An optimized HMGB1 expressed by recombinant rabies virus enhances immunogenicity through activation of dendritic cells in mice. Oncotarget 2017; 8:83539-83554. [PMID: 29137362 PMCID: PMC5663534 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies remains an important public health threat, killing approximately 59,000 people worldwide annually, most of which are from the developing countries of Africa and Asia where dog rabies are endemic. Therefore, developing an affordable and efficacious vaccine for dog-mediated rabies control is needful in these countries. Our previous studies indicated that over-expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1α or CCL3) by recombinant rabies virus (rRABV) could enhance the immunogenicity by activating dendritic cells (DCs). In this study, to further characterize the role of activating DCs in RABV immunogenicity, High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a highly conserved and non-histone chromosomal protein that can promote DCs maturation and activation, were investigated. The wild-type HMGB1 (HMGB1wt) and an optimized HMGB1 (HMGB1mut) were individually inserted into the genome of the rRABV strain LBNSE (designated as LBNSE-HMGB1wt and LBNSE-HMGB1mut, respectively), and the effect of over-expression of HMGB1 on the immunogenicity of RABV was investigated. The results demonstrated that LBNSE-HMGB1mut could promote significantly more DCs activation, and the recruitment of follicular helper T, germinal center B and plasma cells in vaccinated mice than those immunized with LBNSE-HMGB1wt or parent virus LBNSE. Further investigations suggested that mice vaccinated with LBNSE-HMGB1mut produced significantly higher level of RABV-neutralizing antibodies and offered a better protection than those vaccinated with LBNSE or LBNSE-HMGB1wt. Taken together, these data provides a better understanding of the mechanism for HMGB1 as a potential adjuvant in enhancing the immunogenicity of RABV, which would contribute to developing more-efficacious rabies vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kunlun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen F. Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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23
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Koh SH, Shin SG, Andrade MJ, Go RH, Park S, Woo CH, Lim JH. Long pentraxin PTX3 mediates acute inflammatory responses against pneumococcal infection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:671-676. [PMID: 28864415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen responsible for more than 2 million deaths annually worldwide. The airway epithelium acts as the first-line of defense against pneumococcal infections by regulating acute inflammation against invading pneumococcus. Despite the intact adaptive immunity, failure in early defense due to loss of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and/or acute phase proteins (APPs) results in detrimental damage and death. C-reactive protein (CRP), the first found APP, is a member of the pentraxin family of proteins and an important soluble PRR for pneumococcus. CRP and another short pentraxin, serum amyloid P, are critical for acute defense against pneumococcal infection. However, the role of the long pentraxin PTX3 in regulating pneumococcal infections is unknown. In this study, PTX3 expression was upregulated by pneumococcus in epithelial cells and in lungs of mice. In addition, PTX3 potentiated pneumococcal inflammation; overexpression of PTX3 enhanced pneumococcus-induced cytokine expression, whereas knock-down of PTX3 with siPTX3 inhibited the cytokine expression. Furthermore, PTX3 deficiency indeed ameliorated acute inflammation and protected mice against death following pneumococcal infection. Pneumococcal toxin pneumolysin was responsible for PTX3 expression and upregulated PTX3 expression via JNK MAPK signaling. These data implicate PTX3 as a novel therapeutic target for the control of acute inflammation by pneumococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Hyun Koh
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Gi Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Maria Jose Andrade
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryun-Hee Go
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghee Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Woo
- Department of Pharmacology and Smart-Aging Convergence Research Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, 170 Hyeonchung-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hyang Lim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Oczypok EA, Perkins TN, Oury TD. All the "RAGE" in lung disease: The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a major mediator of pulmonary inflammatory responses. Paediatr Respir Rev 2017; 23:40-49. [PMID: 28416135 PMCID: PMC5509466 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a pro-inflammatory pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous inflammatory diseases. It was discovered in 1992 on endothelial cells and was named for its ability to bind advanced glycation endproducts and promote vascular inflammation in the vessels of patients with diabetes. Further studies revealed that RAGE is most highly expressed in lung tissue and spurred numerous explorations into RAGE's role in the lung. These studies have found that RAGE is an important mediator in allergic airway inflammation (AAI) and asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute lung injury, pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. RAGE has not yet been targeted in the lungs of paediatric or adult clinical populations, but the development of new ways to inhibit RAGE is setting the stage for the emergence of novel therapeutic agents for patients suffering from these pulmonary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tim D. Oury
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 412 648 9659; Fax: +1 412 648 9527
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25
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Nano-Pulse Stimulation is a physical modality that can trigger immunogenic tumor cell death. J Immunother Cancer 2017; 5:32. [PMID: 28428881 PMCID: PMC5394623 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-017-0234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have been developing a non-thermal, drug-free tumor therapy called Nano-Pulse Stimulation (NPS) that delivers ultrashort electric pulses to tumor cells which eliminates the tumor and inhibits secondary tumor growth. We hypothesized that the mechanism for inhibiting secondary tumor growth involves stimulating an adaptive immune response via an immunogenic form of apoptosis, commonly known as immunogenic cell death (ICD). ICD is characterized by the emission of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that serve to recruit immune cells to the site of the tumor. Here we present evidence that NPS stimulates both caspase 3/7 activation indicative of apoptosis, as well as the emission of three critical DAMPs: ecto-calreticulin (CRT), ATP and HMGB1. METHODS After treating three separate cancer cell lines (MCA205, McA-RH7777, Jurkat E6-1) with NPS, cells were incubated at 37 °C. Cell-culture supernatants were collected after three-hours to measure for activated caspases 3/7 and after 24 h to measure CRT, ATP and HMGB1 levels. We measured the changes in caspase-3 activation with Caspase-Glo® by Promega, ecto-CRT with anti-CRT antibody and flow cytometry, ATP by luciferase light generation and HMGB1 by ELISA. RESULTS The initiation of apoptosis in cultured cells is greatest at 15 kV/cm and requires 50 A/cm2. Reducing this current inhibits cell death. Activated caspase-3 increases 8-fold in Jurkat E6-1 cells and 40% in rat hepatocellular carcinoma and mouse fibrosarcoma cells by 3 h post treatment. This increase is non-linear and peaks at 15-20 J/mL for all field strengths. 10 and 30 kV/cm fields exhibited the lowest response and the 12 and 15 kV/cm fields stimulated the largest amount of caspase activation. We measured the three DAMPs 24 h after treatment. The expression of cell surface CRT increased in an energy-dependent manner in the NPS treated samples. Expression levels reached or exceeded the expression levels in the majority of the anthracycline-treated samples at energies between 25 and 50 J/mL. Similar to the caspase response at 3 h, secreted ATP peaked at 15 J/mL and then rapidly declined at 25 J/mL. HMGB1 release increased as treatment energy increased and reached levels comparable to the anthracycline-treated groups between 10 and 25 J/mL. CONCLUSION Nano-Pulse Stimulation treatment at specific energies was able to trigger the emission of three key DAMPs at levels comparable to Doxorubicin and Mitoxantrone, two known inducers of immunogenic cell death (ICD). Therefore NPS is a physical modality that can trigger immunogenic cell death in tumor cells.
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26
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The false alarm hypothesis: Food allergy is associated with high dietary advanced glycation end-products and proglycating dietary sugars that mimic alarmins. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139:429-437. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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27
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Arikkatt J, Ullah MA, Short KR, Zhang V, Gan WJ, Loh Z, Werder RB, Simpson J, Sly PD, Mazzone SB, Spann KM, Ferreira MA, Upham JW, Sukkar MB, Phipps S. RAGE deficiency predisposes mice to virus-induced paucigranulocytic asthma. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28099113 PMCID: PMC5243115 DOI: 10.7554/elife.21199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease. Although many patients with asthma develop type-2 dominated eosinophilic inflammation, a number of individuals develop paucigranulocytic asthma, which occurs in the absence of eosinophilia or neutrophilia. The aetiology of paucigranulocytic asthma is unknown. However, both respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and mutations in the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) are risk factors for asthma development. Here, we show that RAGE deficiency impairs anti-viral immunity during an early-life infection with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM; a murine analogue of RSV). The elevated viral load was associated with the release of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) which triggered airway smooth muscle remodelling in early-life. Re-infection with PVM in later-life induced many of the cardinal features of asthma in the absence of eosinophilic or neutrophilic inflammation. Anti-HMGB1 mitigated both early-life viral disease and asthma-like features, highlighting HMGB1 as a possible novel therapeutic target. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21199.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaisy Arikkatt
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Md Ashik Ullah
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kirsty Renfree Short
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vivan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wan Jun Gan
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zhixuan Loh
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rhiannon B Werder
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jennifer Simpson
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Children's Health Research Children's Health Queensland, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stuart B Mazzone
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kirsten M Spann
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - John W Upham
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Maria B Sukkar
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Simon Phipps
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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28
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Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a novel protein increasingly studied in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). RAGE is expressed by several immune cell types, including T cells, antigen-presenting cells, endothelial cells, and the endocrine cells of the pancreatic islets. RAGE binds various ligands including advanced glycation end products (AGEs), high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), S100 proteins, β-amyloid, β-sheet fibrils, and lipopolysaccharide. AGEs are a particularly interesting ligand because their exogenous introduction into the body can be accelerated by the consumption of AGE-rich processed foods. This review will detail RAGE isoforms and its ligands and discuss how RAGE binding on the aforementioned cells could be linked to T1D pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherman S Leung
- Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Josephine M Forbes
- Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Mater Clinical School, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Danielle J Borg
- Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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29
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HMGB1, IL-1α, IL-33 and S100 proteins: dual-function alarmins. Cell Mol Immunol 2016; 14:43-64. [PMID: 27569562 PMCID: PMC5214941 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2016.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Our immune system is based on the close collaboration of the innate and adaptive immune systems for the rapid detection of any threats to the host. Recognition of pathogen-derived molecules is entrusted to specific germline-encoded signaling receptors. The same receptors have now also emerged as efficient detectors of misplaced or altered self-molecules that signal tissue damage and cell death following, for example, disruption of the blood supply and subsequent hypoxia. Many types of endogenous molecules have been shown to provoke such sterile inflammatory states when released from dying cells. However, a group of proteins referred to as alarmins have both intracellular and extracellular functions which have been the subject of intense research. Indeed, alarmins can either exert beneficial cell housekeeping functions, leading to tissue repair, or provoke deleterious uncontrolled inflammation. This group of proteins includes the high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-33 and the Ca2+-binding S100 proteins. These dual-function proteins share conserved regulatory mechanisms, such as secretory routes, post-translational modifications and enzymatic processing, that govern their extracellular functions in time and space. Release of alarmins from mesenchymal cells is a highly relevant mechanism by which immune cells can be alerted of tissue damage, and alarmins play a key role in the development of acute or chronic inflammatory diseases and in cancer development.
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30
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Singh V, Roth S, Veltkamp R, Liesz A. HMGB1 as a Key Mediator of Immune Mechanisms in Ischemic Stroke. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:635-51. [PMID: 26493086 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Stroke is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammatory cascades have a major impact on outcome and regeneration after ischemic stroke. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has come into the focus of experimental and clinical stroke research because it is released from necrotic brain tissue and its differential redox forms attract and activate immune cells after ischemic brain injury. HMGB1 is a potent inducer of inflammatory cascades, and thereby, secondary deterioration of neurological outcome. RECENT ADVANCES The role of HMGB1 in sterile inflammation is well established. Emerging evidence suggests that HMGB1 modulates neuroinflammation after experimental brain ischemia and that it may be a useful prognostic biomarker for stroke patients. CRITICAL ISSUES HMGB1 is instantly released from necrotic cells in the ischemic core and activates an early inflammatory response. In addition, brain-released HMGB1 can be redox modified in the circulation and activate peripheral immune cells. HMGB1 concentrations correlate with disease severity and outcome after brain injury. This is the first review depicting the crucial role of HMGB1 in the initiation and perpetuation of secondary immune alterations after experimental and clinical stroke. FUTURE DIRECTIONS HMGB1-dependent signaling pathways are on the verge and have the potential to become a central topic in experimental stroke research. Current and upcoming projects in this field will be paving the way for future translational approaches targeting the center of poststroke inflammation to improve stroke recovery and long-term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikramjeet Singh
- 1 Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research , Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany .,2 Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) , Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Roth
- 1 Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research , Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany .,2 Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) , Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Veltkamp
- 3 Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London , London, United Kingdom
| | - Arthur Liesz
- 1 Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research , Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany .,2 Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) , Munich, Germany
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31
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Apostolova P, Zeiser R. The role of danger signals and ectonucleotidases in acute graft-versus-host disease. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:1037-1047. [PMID: 26902992 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) represents the only curative treatment approach for many patients with benign or malignant diseases of the hematopoietic system. However, post-transplant morbidity and mortality are significantly increased by the development of acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). While alloreactive T cells act as the main cellular mediator of the GvH reaction, recent evidence suggests a critical role of the innate immune system in the early stages of GvHD initiation. Danger-associated molecular patterns released from the intracellular space as well as from the extracellular matrix activate antigen-presenting cells and set pro-inflammatory pathways in motion. This review gives an overview about danger signals representing therapeutic targets with a clinical perspective with a particular focus on extracellular nucleotides and ectonucleotidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petya Apostolova
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany.
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Cottone L, Capobianco A, Gualteroni C, Monno A, Raccagni I, Valtorta S, Canu T, Di Tomaso T, Lombardo A, Esposito A, Moresco RM, Maschio AD, Naldini L, Rovere-Querini P, Bianchi ME, Manfredi AA. Leukocytes recruited by tumor-derived HMGB1 sustain peritoneal carcinomatosis. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1122860. [PMID: 27467932 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1122860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The factors that determine whether disseminated transformed cells in vivo yield neoplastic lesions have only been partially identified. We established an ad hoc model of peritoneal carcinomatosis by injecting colon carcinoma cells in mice. Tumor cells recruit inflammatory leukocytes, mostly macrophages, and generate neoplastic peritoneal lesions. Phagocyte depletion via clodronate treatment reduces neoplastic growth. Colon carcinoma cells release a prototypic damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP)/alarmin, High Mobility Group Box1 (HMGB1), which attracts leukocytes. Exogenous HMGB1 accelerates leukocyte recruitment, macrophage infiltration, tumor growth and vascularization. Lentiviral-based HMGB1 knockdown or pharmacological interference with its extracellular impair macrophage recruitment and tumor growth. Our findings provide a preclinical proof of principle that strategies based on preventing HMGB1-driven recruitment of leukocytes could be used for treating peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cottone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation & Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, School of Medicine, Milano, Italy
| | - Annalisa Capobianco
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation & Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Gualteroni
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation & Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milano, Italy
| | - Antonella Monno
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation & Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milano, Italy
| | - Isabella Raccagni
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Medicine and Surgery Department, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Valtorta
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; IBFM, CNR, Milano, Italy
| | - Tamara Canu
- Department of Radiology and Preclinical Imaging Facility of the Experimental Imaging Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milano, Italy
| | - Tiziano Di Tomaso
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo Lombardo
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, School of Medicine, Milano, Italy; San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Esposito
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, School of Medicine, Milano, Italy; Department of Radiology and Preclinical Imaging Facility of the Experimental Imaging Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Moresco
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Medicine and Surgery Department, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Maschio
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, School of Medicine, Milano, Italy; Department of Radiology and Preclinical Imaging Facility of the Experimental Imaging Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, School of Medicine, Milano, Italy; San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation & Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, School of Medicine, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco E Bianchi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, School of Medicine, Milano, Italy; Division of Genetics & Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo A Manfredi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation & Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, School of Medicine, Milano, Italy
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Ota C, Ishizawa K, Yamada M, Tando Y, He M, Takahashi T, Yamaya M, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto H, Kure S, Kubo H. Receptor for advanced glycation end products expressed on alveolar epithelial cells is the main target for hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Respir Investig 2015; 54:98-108. [PMID: 26879479 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is abundantly expressed on alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and participates in innate immune responses such as apoptosis and inflammation. However, it is unclear whether RAGE-mediated apoptosis of AECs is associated with hyperoxia-induced lung injury. METHODS We used wild-type and RAGE-knockout C57BL6/J mice in this study. In addition, we developed bone marrow chimeric mouse models expressing RAGE on hematopoietic or non-hematopoietic cells, including lung parenchymal cells, and compared survival ratios and changes in the permeability of the alveolar-capillary barrier after hyperoxia exposure. Further, we prepared single cell suspensions of lung cells and evaluated the apoptosis of AECs or microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) by using a combination of antibodies and JC-1 dye. We also examined whether RAGE inhibition decreased hyperoxia-induced apoptosis of human lung epithelial cells in vitro. RESULTS After hyperoxia exposure, mice expressing RAGE on lung cells showed lower survival rate and increased alveolar-capillary permeability than mice expressing RAGE on hematopoietic cells. RAGE-expressing AECs showed significantly higher apoptosis than RAGE-knockout AECs after in vivo hyperoxia exposure. The level of hyperoxia-induced apoptosis was not different in MVECs. However, RAGE-null lung epithelial cells showed lower apoptosis than RAGE-expressing cells in vitro. CONCLUSION These results indicated that RAGE on AECs mainly contributed to hyperoxia-induced lung injury and alveolar-capillary barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Ota
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Kota Ishizawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Tando
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Mei He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Toru Takahashi
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Mutsuo Yamaya
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kubo
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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Circulating HMGB1 and RAGE as Clinical Biomarkers in Malignant and Autoimmune Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2015; 5:219-53. [PMID: 26854151 PMCID: PMC4665591 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics5020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High molecular group box 1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved member of the HMG-box-family; abundantly expressed in almost all human cells and released in apoptosis; necrosis or by activated immune cells. Once in the extracellular space, HMGB1 can act as a danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP), thus stimulating or inhibiting certain functions of the immune system; depending on the “combinatorial cocktail” of the surrounding milieu. HMGB1 exerts its various functions through binding to a multitude of membrane-bound receptors such as TLR-2; -4 and -9; IL-1 and RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products); partly complex-bound with intracellular fragments like nucleosomes. Soluble RAGE in the extracellular space, however, acts as a decoy receptor by binding to HMGB1 and inhibiting its effects. This review aims to outline today’s knowledge of structure, intra- and extracellular functions including mechanisms of release and finally the clinical relevance of HMGB1 and RAGE as clinical biomarkers in therapy monitoring, prediction and prognosis of malignant and autoimmune disease.
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Kang R, Chen R, Zhang Q, Hou W, Wu S, Cao L, Huang J, Yu Y, Fan XG, Yan Z, Sun X, Wang H, Wang Q, Tsung A, Billiar TR, Zeh HJ, Lotze MT, Tang D. HMGB1 in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 2014; 40:1-116. [PMID: 25010388 PMCID: PMC4254084 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 683] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Complex genetic and physiological variations as well as environmental factors that drive emergence of chromosomal instability, development of unscheduled cell death, skewed differentiation, and altered metabolism are central to the pathogenesis of human diseases and disorders. Understanding the molecular bases for these processes is important for the development of new diagnostic biomarkers, and for identifying new therapeutic targets. In 1973, a group of non-histone nuclear proteins with high electrophoretic mobility was discovered and termed high-mobility group (HMG) proteins. The HMG proteins include three superfamilies termed HMGB, HMGN, and HMGA. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), the most abundant and well-studied HMG protein, senses and coordinates the cellular stress response and plays a critical role not only inside of the cell as a DNA chaperone, chromosome guardian, autophagy sustainer, and protector from apoptotic cell death, but also outside the cell as the prototypic damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP). This DAMP, in conjunction with other factors, thus has cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor activity, orchestrating the inflammatory and immune response. All of these characteristics make HMGB1 a critical molecular target in multiple human diseases including infectious diseases, ischemia, immune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Indeed, a number of emergent strategies have been used to inhibit HMGB1 expression, release, and activity in vitro and in vivo. These include antibodies, peptide inhibitors, RNAi, anti-coagulants, endogenous hormones, various chemical compounds, HMGB1-receptor and signaling pathway inhibition, artificial DNAs, physical strategies including vagus nerve stimulation and other surgical approaches. Future work further investigating the details of HMGB1 localization, structure, post-translational modification, and identification of additional partners will undoubtedly uncover additional secrets regarding HMGB1's multiple functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
| | - Ruochan Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Qiuhong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Wen Hou
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Lizhi Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xue-Gong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhengwen Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA; Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Qingde Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Herbert J Zeh
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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Huang LF, Yao YM, Sheng ZY. Novel insights for high mobility group box 1 protein-mediated cellular immune response in sepsis: A systemic review. World J Emerg Med 2014; 3:165-71. [PMID: 25215057 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.issn.1920-8642.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a highly conserved, ubiquitous protein in the nuclei and cytoplasm of nearly all cell types. HMGB1 is secreted into the extracellular milieu and acts as a proinfl ammatory cytokine. In this article we reviewed briefl y the cellular immune response mediated by HMGB1 in infl ammation and sepsis. METHODS This systemic review is mainly based on our own work and other related reports. RESULTS HMGB1 can actively affect the immune functions of many types of cells including T lymphocytes, regulatory T cells (Tregs), dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and natural killer cells (NK cells). Various cellular responses can be mediated by HMGB1 which binds to cell-surface receptors [e.g., the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, and TLR4]. Anti-HMGB1 treatment, such as anti-HMGB1 polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies, inhibitors (e.g., ethyl pyruvate) and antagonists (e.g., A box), can protect against sepsis lethality and give a wider window for the treatment opportunity. CONCLUSION HMGB1 is an attractive target for the development of new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of patients with septic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Feng Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Sheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
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Anti-RAGE antibody ameliorates severe thermal injury in rats through regulating cellular immune function. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:1167-76. [PMID: 25152026 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) participates in a variety of pathophysiological processes and inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of an anti-RAGE neutralizing antibody for severe thermal injury in rats, and to determine whether the treatment worked via modulating cellular immune function. METHODS Full-thickness scald injury was induced in Wistar rats, which were treated with the anti-RAGE antibody (1 mg/kg, iv) at 6 h and 24 h after the injury. The rats were sacrificed on d 1, 3, 5, and 7. Blood and spleen samples were harvested to monitor organ function and to analyze dendritic cell (DC) and T cell cytokine profiles. The survival rate was analyzed up to d 7 after the injury. RESULTS Administration of the antibody significantly increased the 7 d survival rate in thermally injured rats (6.67% in the model group; 33.33% in anti-RAGE group). Treatment with the antibody also attenuated the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) following the thermal injury, as shown by significant decreases in the organ dysfunction markers, including serum ALT, AST, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and CK-MB. Moreover, treatment with the antibody significantly promoted DC maturation and T cell activation in the spleens of thermally injured rats. CONCLUSION Blockade of the RAGE axis by the antibody effectively ameliorated MODS and improved the survival rate in thermally injured rats, which may be due to modulation of cellular immune function.
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Slegtenhorst BR, Dor FJ, Rodriguez H, Voskuil FJ, Tullius SG. Ischemia/reperfusion Injury and its Consequences on Immunity and Inflammation. CURRENT TRANSPLANTATION REPORTS 2014; 1:147-154. [PMID: 25419507 DOI: 10.1007/s40472-014-0017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), an inherent component of transplantation, affects organ quality and transplant outcomes. Although the complexity of the pathophysiology is recognized, detailed mechanisms remain unclear, and strategies preventing the consequences of IRI have been challenging. Of critical significance appears the link between IRI, the initiation of innate immune responses, and the (potential) augmentation of adaptive immunity. An improved understanding of those complex mechanisms and interactions may pave the way for more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendix R Slegtenhorst
- Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School ; Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center
| | - Frank Jmf Dor
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center
| | - Hector Rodriguez
- Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School ; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich
| | - Floris J Voskuil
- Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School ; Division of Nephrology, Renal Transplant Unit, Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen
| | - Stefan G Tullius
- Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
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Anti-HMGB1 neutralizing antibody ameliorates neutrophilic airway inflammation by suppressing dendritic cell-mediated Th17 polarization. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:257930. [PMID: 24959003 PMCID: PMC4052055 DOI: 10.1155/2014/257930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) directs Th17 skewing by regulating dendritic cell (DC) function. First, our in vitro studies reveal that recombinant HMGB1 (rHMGB1) activates myeloid DCs to produce IL-23 in vitro, and rHMGB1-activated DCs prime naïve lymphocytes to produce the Th17 cytokine IL-17A. Second, we demonstrate that anti-HMGB1 neutralizing antibody attenuates HMGB1 expression, neutrophilic inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and Th17-related cytokine secretion in vivo by using a murine model of neutrophilic asthma induced by ovalbumin (OVA) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, anti-HMGB1 neutralizing antibody decreases the number of Th17 cells in lung cells and suppresses the production of IL-23 by lung CD11C+ APCs. Finally, we show that intranasal adoptive transfer of rHMGB1-activated DCs was sufficient to restore lung neutrophilic inflammation and the Th17 response in a DC-driven model of asthma, whereas the transfer of rHMGB1 plus anti-HMGB1-treated mDCs significantly reduced these inflammation phenotypes. These data suggest, for the first time, that HMGB1 drives the DC-polarized Th17-type response in allergic lung inflammation and that blocking HMGB1 may benefit the attenuation of neutrophilic airway inflammation in asthma.
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Advanced Glycation End Products Promote Heart Failure Through Inducing the Immune Maturation of Dendritic Cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:4062-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0804-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ladoire S, Hannani D, Vetizou M, Locher C, Aymeric L, Apetoh L, Kepp O, Kroemer G, Ghiringhelli F, Zitvogel L. Cell-death-associated molecular patterns as determinants of cancer immunogenicity. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:1098-116. [PMID: 23394620 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Accumulating evidence indicates that the success of some anticancer treatments (select chemotherapies or radiotherapy or trastuzumab) could be related to the stimulation of an anticancer immune response through the induction of an immunogenic tumor cell death (ICD). RECENT ADVANCES Preclinical data revealed that dying tumor cells can emit a series of danger signals (so-called "cell-death-associated molecular patterns" (CDAMP)) that will dictate the recruitment and activation of specific inflammatory phagocytes. Hence, tumor cells succumbing to ICD are characterized by specific metabolic and molecular changes that will trigger a hierarchy of polarizing cytokine-producing cells, culminating in the recruitment and reactivation of antitumor interferon-γ-producing effector T cells which contribute to the success of cytotoxic treatments. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we summarize the molecular and cellular bases of this ICD, underscoring the crucial role of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and adenosine tri-phosphate, both of which are released from dying tumor cells during ICD and are implicated in the chemotherapy-elicited anticancer immune response. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We discuss here how such CDAMP could serve as predictive biomarkers that could discriminate immunogenic from nonimmunogenic anti-cancer compounds, and, in case of deficiency, could be compensated by surrogate products to ameliorate the success rate of conventional anticancer treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Ladoire
- 1 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale , Villejuif, France
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Toda M, D'Alessandro-Gabazza CN, Takagi T, Chelakkot-Govindalayathila AL, Taguchi O, Roeen Z, Munesue S, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto H, Gabazza EC, Morser J. Thrombomodulin modulates dendritic cells via both antagonism of high mobility group protein B1 and an independent mechanism. Allergol Int 2014; 63:57-66. [PMID: 24368584 DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.13-oa-0595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombomodulin treatment modulates the properties of dendritic cells (DCs) converting them from immunogenic to tolerogenic and inducing its own expression on DCs. Thrombomodulin binds to the inflammatory mediator, high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), antagonizing signalling through its receptor, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). METHODS To test if soluble thrombomodulin could antagonize HMGB1 signaling via RAGE on DCs. DCs were prepared from mouse bone marrow cells or human monocytes. In some experiments dendritic cells were sorted into thrombomodulin+ and thrombomodulin- populations. Expression of surface maturation markers was determined by flow cytometry following treatment with thrombomodulin in the presence or absence of HMGB1. RESULTS Thrombomodulin+ dendritic cells secrete less HMGB1 into the medium. HMGB1 reduces the effects of thrombomodulin on expression of DC maturation markers. Treatment with thrombomodulin reduces the expression of maturation markers such as CD80 and CD86 and increases the expression of thrombomodulin on the DC surface. Treatment of DCs with neutralizing anti-HMGB1 antibody acted synergistically with thrombomodulin in increasing thrombomodulin expression on DCs. Treatment with thrombomodulin can still reduce the expression of surface markers on DCs derived from mice that are deficient in RAGE showing that thrombomodulin can affect DCs by an alternative mechanism. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that thrombomodulin modulates DCs both by antagonizing the interaction of HMGB1 with RAGE and by an independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Toda
- Department of Immunology, Mie University School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Corina N D'Alessandro-Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Mie University School of Medicine, Mie, Japan; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mie University School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Takehiro Takagi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mie University School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | | | - Osamu Taguchi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mie University School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Ziaurahman Roeen
- Department of Immunology, Mie University School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Seiichi Munesue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Esteban C Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Mie University School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - John Morser
- Department of Immunology, Mie University School of Medicine, Mie, Japan; Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
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JAK/STAT1 signaling promotes HMGB1 hyperacetylation and nuclear translocation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:3068-73. [PMID: 24469805 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1316925111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular high-mobility group box (HMGB)1 mediates inflammation during sterile and infectious injury and contributes importantly to disease pathogenesis. The first critical step in the release of HMGB1 from activated immune cells is mobilization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, a process dependent upon hyperacetylation within two HMGB1 nuclear localization sequence (NLS) sites. The inflammasomes mediate the release of cytoplasmic HMGB1 in activated immune cells, but the mechanism of HMGB1 translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm was previously unknown. Here, we show that pharmacological inhibition of JAK/STAT1 inhibits LPS-induced HMGB1 nuclear translocation. Conversely, activation of JAK/STAT1 by type 1 interferon (IFN) stimulation induces HMGB1 translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm. Mass spectrometric analysis unequivocally revealed that pharmacological inhibition of the JAK/STAT1 pathway or genetic deletion of STAT1 abrogated LPS- or type 1 IFN-induced HMGB1 acetylation within the NLS sites. Together, these results identify a critical role of the JAK/STAT1 pathway in mediating HMGB1 cytoplasmic accumulation for subsequent release, suggesting that the JAK/STAT1 pathway is a potential drug target for inhibiting HMGB1 release.
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Hagiwara S, Jha JC, Cooper ME. Identifying and interpreting novel targets that address more than one diabetic complication: a strategy for optimal end organ protection in diabetes. Diabetol Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13340-013-0148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Cellular signalling of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Cell Signal 2013; 25:2185-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Workenhe ST, Mossman KL. Oncolytic virotherapy and immunogenic cancer cell death: sharpening the sword for improved cancer treatment strategies. Mol Ther 2013; 22:251-256. [PMID: 24048442 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses are novel immunotherapeutics with increasingly promising outcomes in cancer patient clinical trials. Preclinical and clinical studies have uncovered the importance of virus-induced activation of antitumor immune responses for optimal therapeutic efficacy. Recently, several classes of chemotherapeutics have been shown to cause immunogenic cancer cell death characterized by the release of immunomodulatory molecules that activate antigen-presenting cells and thus trigger the induction of more potent anticancer adaptive immune responses. In preclinical models, several oncolytic viruses induce immunogenic cell death, which is associated with increased cross-priming of tumor-associated antigens. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in immunogenic cancer cell death as induced by chemotherapeutic treatments, including the roles of relevant danger-associated molecular patterns and signaling pathways, and highlighting the significance of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. As virtually all viruses modulate both ER stress and cell death responses, we provide perspectives on future research directions that can be explored to optimize oncolytic viruses, alone or in combination with targeted drug therapies, as potent immunogenic cancer cell death-inducing agents. We propose that such optimized virus-drug synergistic strategies will improve the therapeutic outcomes for many currently intractable cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T Workenhe
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen L Mossman
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Receptor for advanced glycation end products and its involvement in inflammatory diseases. Int J Inflam 2013; 2013:403460. [PMID: 24102034 PMCID: PMC3786507 DOI: 10.1155/2013/403460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a transmembrane receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily, capable of binding a broad repertoire of ligands. RAGE-ligands interaction induces a series of signal transduction cascades and lead to the activation of transcription factor NF-κB as well as increased expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. These effects endow RAGE with the role in the signal transduction from pathogen substrates to cell activation during the onset and perpetuation of inflammation. RAGE signaling and downstream pathways have been implicated in a wide spectrum of inflammatory-related pathologic conditions such as arteriosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, acute respiratory failure, and sepsis. Despite the significant progress in other RAGE studies, the functional importance of the receptor in clinical situations and inflammatory diseases still remains to be fully realized. In this review, we will summarize current understandings and lines of evidence on the molecular mechanisms through which RAGE signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of the aforementioned inflammation-associated conditions.
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48
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Mucosal immunization with high-mobility group box 1 in chitosan enhances DNA vaccine-induced protection against coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2013; 20:1743-51. [PMID: 24027262 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00466-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a small single-stranded RNA virus, belongs to the Picornaviridae family. Its infection is the most common cause of myocarditis, with no vaccine available. Gastrointestinal mucosa is the major entry port for CVB3; therefore, the induction of local immunity in mucosal tissues may help control initial viral infections and alleviate subsequent myocardial injury. Here we evaluated the ability of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) encapsulated in chitosan particles to enhance the mucosal immune responses induced by the CVB3-specific mucosal DNA vaccine chitosan-pVP1. Mice were intranasally coimmunized with 4 doses of chitosan-pHMGB1 and chitosan-pVP1 plasmids, at 2-week intervals, and were challenged with CVB3 4 weeks after the last immunization. Compared with chitosan-pVP1 immunization alone, coimmunization with chitosan-pHMGB1 significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced CVB3-specific fecal secretory IgA levels and promoted mucosal T cell immune responses. In accordance, reduced severity of myocarditis was observed in coimmunized mice, as evidenced by significantly (P < 0.05) reduced viral loads, decreased myocardial injury, and increased survival rates. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that HMGB1 enhanced dendritic cell (DC) recruitment to mesenteric lymph nodes and promoted DC maturation, which might partly account for its mucosal adjuvant effect. This strategy may represent a promising approach to candidate vaccines against CVB3-induced myocarditis.
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Brencicova E, Diebold SS. Nucleic acids and endosomal pattern recognition: how to tell friend from foe? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2013; 3:37. [PMID: 23908972 PMCID: PMC3726833 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2013.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system has evolved endosomal and cytoplasmic receptors for the detection of viral nucleic acids as sensors for virus infection. Some of these pattern recognition receptors (PRR) detect features of viral nucleic acids that are not found in the host such as long stretches of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and uncapped single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) in case of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 3 and RIG-I, respectively. In contrast, TLR7/8 and TLR9 are unable to distinguish between viral and self-nucleic acids on the grounds of distinct molecular patterns. The ability of these endosomal TLR to act as PRR for viral nucleic acids seems to rely solely on the mode of access to the endolysosomal compartment in which recognition takes place. The current dogma states that self-nucleic acids do not enter the TLR-sensing compartment under normal physiological conditions. However, it is still poorly understood how dendritic cells (DC) evade activation by self-nucleic acids, in particular with regard to specific DC subsets, which are specialized in taking up material from dying cells for cross-presentation of cell-associated antigens. In this review we discuss the current understanding of how the immune system distinguishes between foreign and self-nucleic acids and point out some of the key aspects that still require further research and clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Brencicova
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
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Yang D, Wei F, Tewary P, Howard OMZ, Oppenheim JJ. Alarmin-induced cell migration. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:1412-8. [PMID: 23619968 PMCID: PMC6331004 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201243138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alarmins are endogenous, constitutively available, damage-associated molecular patterns that upon release can mobilize and activate various leukocytes for the induction of innate and adaptive immune responses. For our immune system to function appropriately, it relies on navigating various leukocytes to distinct places at the right time. The direction of cell migration is determined by chemotactic factors that include classical chemoattractants, chemokines, certain growth factors, and alarmins. This viewpoint provides an overview of alarmin-induced cell migration. Alarmins are capable of inducing the migration of diverse types of leukocytes and nonleukocytes either directly by triggering specific receptors or indirectly by inducing production of chemokines through the activation of various leukocytes via pattern recognition receptors. The receptors used by alarmins to directly induce cell migration can either be Gαi protein-coupled receptors or receptors such as the receptor for advanced glycation end products; however, the intracellular signaling events responsible for the direct chemotactic activities of alarmins are, to date, only partially elucidated. Given that alarmins act in concert with chemokines to regulate the recruitment and trafficking of leukocytes, these damage-associated molecular patterns are potentially involved in diverse biological processes as discussed in this viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Yang
- Basic Research Program, Scientific Application and International Corporation–Frederick, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratories for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratories for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Poonam Tewary
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratories for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - O. M. Zack Howard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratories for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Joost J. Oppenheim
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratories for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
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