1
|
Yang Z, Zhang Z, Li L, Jing Z, Ma Y, Lan T, Li Y, Lin Z, Fang W, Zhang J, Zhang J, Liang X, Wu B, Zheng Y, Zhang X. Bioengineered Artificial Extracellular Vesicles Presenting PD-L1 and Gal-9 Ameliorate New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2024; 73:1325-1335. [PMID: 38771941 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
An important factor in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the deficiency of inhibitory immune checkpoint ligands, specifically programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and galectin-9 (Gal-9), in β-cells. Therefore, modulation of pancreas-infiltrated T lymphocytes by exogenous PD-L1 or Gal-9 is an ideal approach for treating new-onset T1D. We genetically engineered macrophage cells to generate artificial extracellular vesicles (aEVs) overexpressing PD-L1 and Gal-9, which could restrict islet autoreactive T lymphocytes and protect β-cells from destruction. Intriguingly, overexpression of Gal-9 stimulated macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype with immunosuppressive attributes. Alternatively, both PD-L1- and Gal-9-presenting aEVs (PD-L1-Gal-9 aEVs) favorably adhered to T cells via the interaction of programmed cell death protein 1/PD-L1 or T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3/Gal-9. Moreover, PD-L1-Gal-9 aEVs prominently promoted effector T-cell apoptosis and splenic regulatory T (Treg) cell formation in vitro. Notably, PD-L1-Gal-9 aEVs efficaciously reversed new-onset hyperglycemia in NOD mice, prevented T1D progression, and decreased the proportion and activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells infiltrating the pancreas, which together contributed to the preservation of residual β-cell survival and mitigation of hyperglycemia. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhirang Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liyan Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhangyan Jing
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yumeng Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianyu Lan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongda Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenli Fang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinxie Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinling Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Benqing Wu
- Center for Medical Experiments (CME), Benqing Laboratory, Guangming District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Center for Medical Experiments (CME), Benqing Laboratory, Guangming District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yau C, Danska JS. Cracking the type 1 diabetes code: Genes, microbes, immunity, and the early life environment. Immunol Rev 2024; 325:23-45. [PMID: 39166298 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immunological dysregulation, and environmental triggers, that culminate in the destruction of insulin-secreting pancreatic β cells. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the multiple factors underpinning T1D pathogenesis, to elucidate key mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Beginning with an exploration of genetic risk factors, we dissect the roles of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes and non-HLA gene variants associated with T1D susceptibility. Mechanistic insights gleaned from the NOD mouse model provide valuable parallels to the human disease, particularly immunological intricacies underlying β cell-directed autoimmunity. Immunological drivers of T1D pathogenesis are examined, highlighting the pivotal contributions of both effector and regulatory T cells and the multiple functions of B cells and autoantibodies in β-cell destruction. Furthermore, the impact of environmental risk factors, notably modulation of host immune development by the intestinal microbiome, is examined. Lastly, the review probes human longitudinal studies, unveiling the dynamic interplay between mucosal immunity, systemic antimicrobial antibody responses, and the trajectories of T1D development. Insights garnered from these interconnected factors pave the way for targeted interventions and the identification of biomarkers to enhance T1D management and prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Yau
- Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jayne S Danska
- Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roy S, Pokharel P, Piganelli JD. Decoding the immune dance: Unraveling the interplay between beta cells and type 1 diabetes. Mol Metab 2024; 88:101998. [PMID: 39069156 PMCID: PMC11342121 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the specific destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas by the immune system, including CD4 cells which orchestrate the attack and CD8 cells which directly destroy the beta cells, resulting in the loss of glucose homeostasis. SCOPE OF REVIEW This comprehensive document delves into the complex interplay between the immune system and beta cells, aiming to shed light on the mechanisms driving their destruction in T1D. Insights into the genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and autoimmune responses provide a foundation for understanding the autoimmune attack on beta cells. From the role of viral infections as potential triggers to the inflammatory response of beta cells, an intricate puzzle starts to unfold. This exploration highlights the importance of beta cells in breaking immune tolerance and the factors contributing to their targeted destruction. Furthermore, it examines the potential role of autophagy and the impact of cytokine signaling on beta cell function and survival. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS This review collectively represents current research findings on T1D which offers valuable perspectives on novel therapeutic approaches for preserving beta cell mass, restoring immune tolerance, and ultimately preventing or halting the progression of T1D. By unraveling the complex dynamics between the immune system and beta cells, we inch closer to a comprehensive understanding of T1D pathogenesis, paving the way for more effective treatments and ultimately a cure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Roy
- Department of Endocrinology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Pravil Pokharel
- Department of Endocrinology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Jon D Piganelli
- Department of Endocrinology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Coomans de Brachène A, Alvelos MI, Szymczak F, Zimath PL, Castela A, Marmontel de Souza B, Roca Rivada A, Marín-Cañas S, Yi X, Op de Beeck A, Morgan NG, Sonntag S, Jawurek S, Title AC, Yesildag B, Pattou F, Kerr-Conte J, Montanya E, Nacher M, Marselli L, Marchetti P, Richardson SJ, Eizirik DL. Interferons are key cytokines acting on pancreatic islets in type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2024; 67:908-927. [PMID: 38409439 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The proinflammatory cytokines IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β and TNF-α may contribute to innate and adaptive immune responses during insulitis in type 1 diabetes and therefore represent attractive therapeutic targets to protect beta cells. However, the specific role of each of these cytokines individually on pancreatic beta cells remains unknown. METHODS We used deep RNA-seq analysis, followed by extensive confirmation experiments based on reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), western blot, histology and use of siRNAs, to characterise the response of human pancreatic beta cells to each cytokine individually and compared the signatures obtained with those present in islets of individuals affected by type 1 diabetes. RESULTS IFN-α and IFN-γ had a greater impact on the beta cell transcriptome when compared with IL-1β and TNF-α. The IFN-induced gene signatures have a strong correlation with those observed in beta cells from individuals with type 1 diabetes, and the level of expression of specific IFN-stimulated genes is positively correlated with proteins present in islets of these individuals, regulating beta cell responses to 'danger signals' such as viral infections. Zinc finger NFX1-type containing 1 (ZNFX1), a double-stranded RNA sensor, was identified as highly induced by IFNs and shown to play a key role in the antiviral response in beta cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These data suggest that IFN-α and IFN-γ are key cytokines at the islet level in human type 1 diabetes, contributing to the triggering and amplification of autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Ines Alvelos
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florian Szymczak
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Priscila L Zimath
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Angela Castela
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Arturo Roca Rivada
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Marín-Cañas
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xiaoyan Yi
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Op de Beeck
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Noel G Morgan
- Islet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Sebastian Sonntag
- InSphero AG, Schlieren, Switzerland
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - François Pattou
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, UMR 1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, Inserm, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Julie Kerr-Conte
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, UMR 1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, Inserm, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Eduard Montanya
- Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Nacher
- Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sarah J Richardson
- Islet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mohammadi V, Maleki AJ, Nazari M, Siahmansouri A, Moradi A, Elahi R, Esmaeilzadeh A. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-Based Cell Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM); Current Progress and Future Approaches. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:585-600. [PMID: 38153634 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that destroys insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. Insulin replacement therapy is currently the mainstay of treatment for T1DM; however, treatment with insulin does not ameliorate disease progression, as dysregulated immune response and inflammation continue to cause further pancreatic β-cell degradation. Therefore, shifting therapeutic strategies toward immunomodulating approaches could be effective to prevent and reverse disease progression. Different immune-modulatory therapies could be used, e.g., monoclonal-based immunotherapy, mesenchymal stem cell, and immune cell therapy. Since immune-modulatory approaches could have a systemic effect on the immune system and cause toxicity, more specific treatment options should target the immune response against pancreatic β-cells. In this regard, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based immunotherapy could be a promising candidate for modulation of dysregulated immune function in T1DM. CAR-based therapy has previously been approved for a number of hematologic malignancies. Nevertheless, there is renewed interest in CAR T cells' " off-the-shelf " treatment for T1DM. Several pre-clinical studies demonstrated that redirecting antigen-specific CAR T cells, especially regulatory CAR T cells (CAR Tregs), toward the pancreatic β-cells, could prevent diabetes onset and progression in diabetic mice models. Here, we aim to review the current progress of CAR-based immune-cell therapy for T1DM and the corresponding challenges, with a special focus on designing CAR-based immunomodulatory strategies to improve its efficacy in the treatment of T1DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Mohammadi
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - Mahdis Nazari
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Amir Siahmansouri
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Moradi
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Reza Elahi
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stensballe A, Bennike TB, Ravn-Haren G, Mortensen A, Aboo C, Knudsen LA, Rühlemann MC, Birkelund S, Bang C, Franke A, Vogel U, Hansen AK, Andersen V. Impaired Abcb1a function and red meat in a translational colitis mouse model induces inflammation and alters microbiota composition. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1200317. [PMID: 37588005 PMCID: PMC10425965 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1200317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) affects approximately 0.3% of the global population, with incidence rates rising dramatically worldwide. Emerging evidence points to an interplay between exposome factors such as diet and gut microbiota, host genetics, and the immune system as crucial elements in IBD development. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, including human p-glycoprotein encoded by the Abcb1 gene, influence intestinal inflammation, and their expression may interact with environmental factors such as diet and gut microbes. Our study aimed to examine the impact of protein sources on a genetic colitis mouse model. Methods Abcb1a-deficient colitis mice were fed either casein or red meat-supplemented diets to investigate potential colitis-aggravating components in red meat and their effects on host-microbiota interactions. We conducted deep label free quantitative proteomic inflammation profiling of gastrointestinal tissue (colon, ileum) and urine, and determined the overall microbiome in feces using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Microbiota shifts by diet and protein transporter impairment were addressed by multivariate statistical analysis. Colon and systemic gut inflammation were validated through histology and immune assays, respectively. Results A quantitative discovery based proteomic analysis of intestinal tissue and urine revealed associations between ileum and urine proteomes in relation to Abcb1a deficiency. The absence of Abcb1a efflux pump function and diet-induced intestinal inflammation impacted multiple systemic immune processes, including extensive neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) components observed in relation to neutrophil degranulation throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The colitis model's microbiome differed significantly from that of wild-type mice, indicating the substantial influence of efflux transporter deficiency on microbiota. Conclusion The proteomic and microbiota analyzes of a well-established murine model enabled the correlation of gastrointestinal interactions not readily identifiable in human cohorts. Insights into dysregulated biological pathways in this disease model might offer translational biomarkers based on NETs and improved understanding of IBD pathogenesis in human patients. Our findings demonstrate that drug transporter deficiency induces substantial changes in the microbiota, leading to increased levels of IBD-associated strains and resulting in intestinal inflammation. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Tue Bjerg Bennike
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Gitte Ravn-Haren
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher Aboo
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Research and Education, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Almind Knudsen
- Institute of Regional Health Research-Center Soenderjylland, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Malte C. Rühlemann
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Svend Birkelund
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Corinne Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Axel Kornerup Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Andersen
- Institute of Regional Health Research-Center Soenderjylland, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Molecular Diagnostic and Clinical Research Unit, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa, Denmark
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
De George DJ, Ge T, Krishnamurthy B, Kay TWH, Thomas HE. Inflammation versus regulation: how interferon-gamma contributes to type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1205590. [PMID: 37293126 PMCID: PMC10244651 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1205590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease with onset from early childhood. The insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells are destroyed by CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. The disease is challenging to study mechanistically in humans because it is not possible to biopsy the pancreatic islets and the disease is most active prior to the time of clinical diagnosis. The NOD mouse model, with many similarities to, but also some significant differences from human diabetes, provides an opportunity, in a single in-bred genotype, to explore pathogenic mechanisms in molecular detail. The pleiotropic cytokine IFN-γ is believed to contribute to pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Evidence of IFN-γ signaling in the islets, including activation of the JAK-STAT pathway and upregulation of MHC class I, are hallmarks of the disease. IFN-γ has a proinflammatory role that is important for homing of autoreactive T cells into islets and direct recognition of beta cells by CD8+ T cells. We recently showed that IFN-γ also controls proliferation of autoreactive T cells. Therefore, inhibition of IFN-γ does not prevent type 1 diabetes and is unlikely to be a good therapeutic target. In this manuscript we review the contrasting roles of IFN-γ in driving inflammation and regulating the number of antigen specific CD8+ T cells in type 1 diabetes. We also discuss the potential to use JAK inhibitors as therapy for type 1 diabetes, to inhibit both cytokine-mediated inflammation and proliferation of T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J. De George
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Tingting Ge
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Balasubramaniam Krishnamurthy
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas W. H. Kay
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen E. Thomas
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Scherm MG, Wyatt RC, Serr I, Anz D, Richardson SJ, Daniel C. Beta cell and immune cell interactions in autoimmune type 1 diabetes: How they meet and talk to each other. Mol Metab 2022; 64:101565. [PMID: 35944899 PMCID: PMC9418549 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Scope of review Major conclusions
Collapse
|
9
|
Ke Q, Kroger CJ, Clark M, Tisch RM. Evolving Antibody Therapies for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2021; 11:624568. [PMID: 33679717 PMCID: PMC7930374 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is widely considered to be a T cell driven autoimmune disease resulting in reduced insulin production due to dysfunction/destruction of pancreatic β cells. Currently, there continues to be a need for immunotherapies that selectively reestablish persistent β cell-specific self-tolerance for the prevention and remission of T1D in the clinic. The utilization of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) is one strategy to target specific immune cell populations inducing autoimmune-driven pathology. Several mAb have proven to be clinically safe and exhibit varying degrees of efficacy in modulating autoimmunity, including T1D. Traditionally, mAb therapies have been used to deplete a targeted cell population regardless of antigenic specificity. However, this treatment strategy can prove detrimental resulting in the loss of acquired protective immunity. Nondepleting mAb have also been applied to modulate the function of immune effector cells. Recent studies have begun to define novel mechanisms associated with mAb-based immunotherapy that alter the function of targeted effector cell pools. These results suggest short course mAb therapies may have persistent effects for regaining and maintaining self-tolerance. Furthermore, the flexibility to manipulate mAb properties permits the development of novel strategies to target multiple antigens and/or deliver therapeutic drugs by a single mAb molecule. Here, we discuss current and potential future therapeutic mAb treatment strategies for T1D, and T cell-mediated autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Charles J Kroger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Matthew Clark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Roland M Tisch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang J, Saraswat D, Sinha AK, Polanco J, Dietz K, O'Bara MA, Pol SU, Shayya HJ, Sim FJ. Paired Related Homeobox Protein 1 Regulates Quiescence in Human Oligodendrocyte Progenitors. Cell Rep 2019; 25:3435-3450.e6. [PMID: 30566868 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Human oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (hOPCs) persist into adulthood as an abundant precursor population capable of division and differentiation. The transcriptional mechanisms that regulate hOPC homeostasis remain poorly defined. Herein, we identify paired related homeobox protein 1 (PRRX1) in primary PDGFαR+ hOPCs. We show that enforced PRRX1 expression results in reversible G1/0 arrest. While both PRRX1 splice variants reduce hOPC proliferation, only PRRX1a abrogates migration. hOPC engraftment into hypomyelinated shiverer/rag2 mouse brain is severely impaired by PRRX1a, characterized by reduced cell proliferation and migration. PRRX1 induces a gene expression signature characteristic of stem cell quiescence. Both IFN-γ and BMP signaling upregulate PRRX1 and induce quiescence. PRRX1 knockdown modulates IFN-γ-induced quiescence. In mouse brain, PRRX1 mRNA was detected in non-dividing OPCs and is upregulated in OPCs following demyelination. Together, these data identify PRRX1 as a regulator of quiescence in hOPCs and as a potential regulator of pathological quiescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Darpan Saraswat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Anjali K Sinha
- Neuroscience Program, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jessie Polanco
- Neuroscience Program, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Karen Dietz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Melanie A O'Bara
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Suyog U Pol
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Hani J Shayya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Fraser J Sim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA; Neuroscience Program, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sun Y, Mao Q, Shen C, Wang C, Jia W. Exosomes from β-cells alleviated hyperglycemia and enhanced angiogenesis in islets of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:2053-2064. [PMID: 31632115 PMCID: PMC6790122 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s213400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Exosomes are small nanoscale vesicles secreted from cells. Exosome-based therapeutic approaches have been evaluated in treating ischemic diseases. In the present study, we explored the effect of exosomes on streptozotozin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from MIN6 cells. Transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and Western blot were used to identify the exosomes. STZ was used to establish diabetic or abnormal glucose tolerance mouse model. Histology study and flow cytometry were applied to detect the changes in immune responses. RESULTS Transplantation of the exosomes into diabetic mice resulted in a longer median survival time compared with the untreated diabetic mice (P<0.01). Transplantation of the exosomes improved glucose tolerance, increased insulin content and preserved the architectures of islets in mice with abnormal glucose tolerance. Moreover, exosome treatment enhanced the expression of CD31, a marker of endothelial cells, and tended to reduce macrophage infiltration in islets of STZ-treated mice. CONCLUSION Exosomes derived from β-cells play a role in preserving pancreatic islet architecture and its function, and in inducing islet angiogenesis, which implicates that exosome treatment could be a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianyun Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai200233, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Chen Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Yishan Road, Shanghai200233, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 212 405 8657Fax +86 216 436 8031 Email
| | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai200233, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Scott NA, Zhao Y, Krishnamurthy B, Mannering SI, Kay TWH, Thomas HE. IFNγ-Induced MHC Class II Expression on Islet Endothelial Cells Is an Early Marker of Insulitis but Is Not Required for Diabetogenic CD4 + T Cell Migration. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2800. [PMID: 30555479 PMCID: PMC6282031 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetogenic T cells infiltrate the pancreatic islets by transmigrating across the microcapillaries residing close to, or within, the pancreatic islets. Deficiency in IFNγ signaling prevents efficient migration of T cells into the pancreatic islets, but the IFNγ-regulated molecules that mediate this are uncertain. Homing of autoreactive T cells into target tissues may require antigen specificity through presentation of cognate antigen by MHC expressed on the vascular endothelium. We investigated the hypothesis that IFNγ promotes the migration of islet antigen-specific CD4+ T cells by upregulating MHC class II on islet endothelial cells (IEC), thereby providing an antigen-specific signal for islet infiltration. Upon IFNγ stimulation, MHC class II, which is not constitutively expressed on IEC, was induced. IFNγ-dependent upregulation of MHC class II was detected in IEC isolated from prediabetic NOD mice at the earliest stages of insulitis, before other markers of inflammation were present. Using a CD4+ T cell-mediated adoptive transfer model of autoimmune diabetes we observed that even though diabetes does not develop in recipient mice lacking IFNγ receptors, mice with MHC class II-deficient IEC were not protected from disease. Thus, IFNγ-regulated molecules, but not MHC class II or antigen presentation by IECs is required for the early migration of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells into the pancreatic islets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Scott
- St. Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Yuxing Zhao
- St. Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Balasubramanian Krishnamurthy
- St. Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Stuart I Mannering
- St. Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas W H Kay
- St. Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen E Thomas
- St. Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Choi B, Kim SH. Regulatory T Cells Promote Pancreatic Islet Function and Viability via TGF-β1 in vitro and in vivo. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2018.50.3.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bongkum Choi
- Transplantation Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sa-Hyun Kim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Resident macrophages of pancreatic islets have a seminal role in the initiation of autoimmune diabetes of NOD mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E10418-E10427. [PMID: 29133420 PMCID: PMC5715775 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1713543114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Our studies indicate that the resident macrophages of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans have a seminal role in the initiation and progression of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. In this study, islet macrophages were depleted by administration of a monoclonal antibody to the CSF-1 receptor. Macrophage depletion, either at the start of the autoimmune process or when diabetogenesis is active, leads to a significant reduction in diabetes incidence. Depletion of the islet macrophages reduces the entrance of T cells into islets and results in the absence of antigen presentation. Concordantly, a regulatory pathway develops that controls diabetes progression. We conclude that treatments that target the islet macrophages may have important clinical relevance for the control of autoimmune type 1 diabetes. Treatment of C57BL/6 or NOD mice with a monoclonal antibody to the CSF-1 receptor resulted in depletion of the resident macrophages of pancreatic islets of Langerhans that lasted for several weeks. Depletion of macrophages in C57BL/6 mice did not affect multiple parameters of islet function, including glucose response, insulin content, and transcriptional profile. In NOD mice depleted of islet-resident macrophages starting at 3 wk of age, several changes occurred: (i) the early entrance of CD4 T cells and dendritic cells into pancreatic islets was reduced, (ii) presentation of insulin epitopes by dispersed islet cells to T cells was impaired, and (iii) the development of autoimmune diabetes was significantly reduced. Treatment of NOD mice starting at 10 wk of age, when the autoimmune process has progressed, also significantly reduced the incidence of diabetes. Despite the absence of diabetes, NOD mice treated with anti–CSF-1 receptor starting at 3 or 10 wk of age still contained variably elevated leukocytic infiltrates in their islets when examined at 20–40 wk of age. Diabetes occurred in the anti–CSF-1 receptor protected mice after treatment with a blocking antibody directed against PD-1. We conclude that treatment of NOD mice with an antibody against CSF-1 receptor reduced diabetes incidence and led to the development of a regulatory pathway that controlled autoimmune progression.
Collapse
|
15
|
Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 Protects against Chikungunya Virus-Induced Immunopathology by Restricting Infection in Muscle Cells. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.01419-17. [PMID: 28835505 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01419-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system protects cells against viral pathogens in part through the autocrine and paracrine actions of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-α/β) (type I), IFN-γ (type II), and IFN-λ (type III). The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) has a demonstrated role in shaping innate and adaptive antiviral immunity by inducing the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) and mediating signals downstream of IFN-γ. Although ectopic expression experiments have suggested an inhibitory function of IRF-1 against infection of alphaviruses in cell culture, its role in vivo remains unknown. Here, we infected Irf1 -/- mice with two distantly related arthritogenic alphaviruses, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Ross River virus (RRV), and assessed the early antiviral functions of IRF-1 prior to induction of adaptive B and T cell responses. IRF-1 expression limited CHIKV-induced foot swelling in joint-associated tissues and prevented dissemination of CHIKV and RRV at early time points. Virological and histological analyses revealed greater infection of muscle tissues in Irf1 -/- mice than in wild-type mice. The antiviral actions of IRF-1 appeared to be independent of the induction of type I IFN or the effects of type II and III IFNs but were associated with altered local proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine responses and differential infiltration of myeloid cell subsets. Collectively, our in vivo experiments suggest that IRF-1 restricts CHIKV and RRV infection in stromal cells, especially muscle cells, and that this controls local inflammation and joint-associated swelling.IMPORTANCE Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of a broad range of antiviral host defense genes. In this study, using Irf1 -/- mice, we investigated the role of IRF-1 in modulating pathogenesis of two related arthritogenic alphaviruses, chikungunya virus and Ross River virus. Our studies show that IRF-1 controlled alphavirus replication and swelling in joint-associated tissues within days of infection. Detailed histopathological and virological analyses revealed that IRF-1 preferentially restricted CHIKV infection in cells of nonhematopoietic lineage, including muscle cells. The antiviral actions of IRF-1 resulted in decreased local inflammatory responses in joint-associated tissues, which prevented immunopathology.
Collapse
|
16
|
Cucak H, Høj Thomsen L, Rosendahl A. IL-20 contributes to low grade inflammation and weight gain in the Psammomys obesus. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 45:53-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
17
|
Burrack AL, Martinov T, Fife BT. T Cell-Mediated Beta Cell Destruction: Autoimmunity and Alloimmunity in the Context of Type 1 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:343. [PMID: 29259578 PMCID: PMC5723426 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from destruction of pancreatic beta cells by T cells of the immune system. Despite improvements in insulin analogs and continuous blood glucose level monitoring, there is no cure for T1D, and some individuals develop life-threatening complications. Pancreas and islet transplantation have been attractive therapeutic approaches; however, transplants containing insulin-producing cells are vulnerable to both recurrent autoimmunity and conventional allograft rejection. Current immune suppression treatments subdue the immune system, but not without complications. Ideally a successful approach would target only the destructive immune cells and leave the remaining immune system intact to fight foreign pathogens. This review discusses the autoimmune diabetes disease process, diabetic complications that warrant a transplant, and alloimmunity. First, we describe the current understanding of autoimmune destruction of beta cells including the roles of CD4 and CD8 T cells and several possibilities for antigen-specific tolerance induction. Second, we outline diabetic complications necessitating beta cell replacement. Third, we discuss transplant recognition, potential sources for beta cell replacement, and tolerance-promoting therapies under development. We hypothesize that a better understanding of autoreactive T cell targets during disease pathogenesis and alloimmunity following transplant destruction could enhance attempts to re-establish tolerance to beta cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam L. Burrack
- Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Tijana Martinov
- Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Brian T. Fife
- Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- *Correspondence: Brian T. Fife,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lund ME, Greer J, Dixit A, Alvarado R, McCauley-Winter P, To J, Tanaka A, Hutchinson AT, Robinson MW, Simpson AM, O'Brien BA, Dalton JP, Donnelly S. A parasite-derived 68-mer peptide ameliorates autoimmune disease in murine models of Type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37789. [PMID: 27883079 PMCID: PMC5121616 DOI: 10.1038/srep37789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helminth parasites secrete molecules that potently modulate the immune responses of their hosts and, therefore, have potential for the treatment of immune-mediated human diseases. FhHDM-1, a 68-mer peptide secreted by the helminth parasite Fasciola hepatica, ameliorated disease in two different murine models of autoimmunity, type 1 diabetes and relapsing-remitting immune-mediated demyelination. Unexpectedly, FhHDM-1 treatment did not affect the proliferation of auto-antigen specific T cells or their production of cytokines. However, in both conditions, the reduction in clinical symptoms was associated with the absence of immune cell infiltrates in the target organ (islets and the brain tissue). Furthermore, after parenteral administration, the FhHDM-1 peptide interacted with macrophages and reduced their capacity to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF and IL-6. We propose this inhibition of innate pro-inflammatory immune responses, which are central to the initiation of autoimmunity in both diseases, prevented the trafficking of autoreactive lymphocytes from the periphery to the site of autoimmunity (as opposed to directly modulating their function per se), and thus prevented tissue destruction. The ability of FhHDM-1 to modulate macrophage function, combined with its efficacy in disease prevention in multiple models, suggests that FhHDM-1 has considerable potential as a treatment for autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Lund
- The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Judith Greer
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Aakanksha Dixit
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Raquel Alvarado
- The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Joyce To
- The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Akane Tanaka
- The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew T Hutchinson
- The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The Centre for Health Technology, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark W Robinson
- Medical Biology Center, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ann M Simpson
- The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The Centre for Health Technology, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bronwyn A O'Brien
- The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The Centre for Health Technology, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John P Dalton
- Medical Biology Center, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila Donnelly
- The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Martin AJ, Clark M, Gojanovich G, Manzoor F, Miller K, Kline DE, Morillon YM, Wang B, Tisch R. Anti-coreceptor therapy drives selective T cell egress by suppressing inflammation-dependent chemotactic cues. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e87636. [PMID: 27777971 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.87636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
There continues to be a need for immunotherapies to treat type 1 diabetes in the clinic. We previously reported that nondepleting anti-CD4 and -CD8 Ab treatment effectively reverses diabetes in new-onset NOD mice. A key feature of the induction of remission is the egress of the majority of islet-resident T cells. How this occurs is undefined. Herein, the effects of coreceptor therapy on islet T cell retention were investigated. Bivalent Ab binding to CD4 and CD8 blocked TCR signaling and T cell cytokine production, while indirectly downregulating islet chemokine expression. These processes were required for T cell retention, as ectopic IFN-γ or CXCL10 inhibited Ab-mediated T cell purging. Importantly, treatment of humanized mice with nondepleting anti-human CD4 and CD8 Ab similarly reduced tissue-infiltrating human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. These findings demonstrate that Ab binding of CD4 and CD8 interrupts a feed-forward circuit by suppressing T cell-produced cytokines needed for expression of chemotactic cues, leading to rapid T cell egress from the islets. Coreceptor therapy therefore offers a robust approach to suppress T cell-mediated pathology by purging T cells in an inflammation-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Martin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Precision BioSciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew Clark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gregory Gojanovich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fatima Manzoor
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Keith Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, Ohio, USA
| | - Douglas E Kline
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Committee on Immunology and Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Y Maurice Morillon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Roland Tisch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Husseini M, Wang GS, Patrick C, Crookshank JA, MacFarlane AJ, Noel JA, Strom A, Scott FW. Heme Oxygenase-1 Induction Prevents Autoimmune Diabetes in Association With Pancreatic Recruitment of M2-Like Macrophages, Mesenchymal Cells, and Fibrocytes. Endocrinology 2015; 156:3937-49. [PMID: 26252059 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immunoregulatory and regenerative processes are activated in the pancreas during the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) but are insufficient to prevent the disease. We hypothesized that the induction of cytoprotective heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by cobalt protophoryrin (CoPP) would prevent T1D by promoting anti-inflammatory and pro-repair processes. Diabetes-prone BioBreeding rats received ip CoPP or saline twice per week for 3 weeks, starting at 30 days and were monitored for T1D. Immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy, quantitative RT-PCR, and microarrays were used to evaluate postinjection pancreatic changes at 51 days, when islet inflammation is first visible. T1D was prevented in CoPP-treated rats (29% vs 73%). Pancreatic Hmox1 was up-regulated along with islet-associated CD68(+)HO-1(+) cells, which were also observed in a striking peri-lobular interstitial infiltrate. Most interstitial cells expressed the mesenchymal marker vimentin and the hematopoietic marker CD34. Spindle-shaped, CD34(+)vimentin(+) cells coexpressed collagen V, characteristic of fibrocytes. M2 macrophage factors Krüppel-like factor 4, CD163, and CD206 were expressed by interstitial cells, consistent with pancreatic upregulation of several M2-associated genes. CoPP upregulated islet-regenerating REG genes and increased neogenic REG3β(+) and insulin(+) clusters. Thus, short-term induction of HO-1 promoted a protective M2-like milieu in the pancreas and recruited mesenchymal cells, M2 macrophages, and fibrocytes that imparted immunoregulatory and pro-repair effects, preventing T1D.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, CD34/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Collagen Type V/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control
- Enzyme Induction/drug effects
- Female
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Heme Oxygenase-1/biosynthesis
- Heme Oxygenase-1/genetics
- Insulin/genetics
- Insulin/metabolism
- Kruppel-Like Factor 4
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Male
- Mannose Receptor
- Mannose-Binding Lectins/metabolism
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/drug effects
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Pancreas/drug effects
- Pancreas/metabolism
- Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins
- Protoporphyrins/pharmacology
- Rats
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Vimentin/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Husseini
- Chronic Disease Program (M.H., G.-S.W., C.P., J.A.C., J.A.N., A.S., F.W.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6 and Departments of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology (M.H., C.P., A.J.M., J.A.N., F.W.S.) and Medicine (F.W.S.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6; Food Directorate (A.J.M.), Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Gen-Sheng Wang
- Chronic Disease Program (M.H., G.-S.W., C.P., J.A.C., J.A.N., A.S., F.W.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6 and Departments of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology (M.H., C.P., A.J.M., J.A.N., F.W.S.) and Medicine (F.W.S.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6; Food Directorate (A.J.M.), Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Christopher Patrick
- Chronic Disease Program (M.H., G.-S.W., C.P., J.A.C., J.A.N., A.S., F.W.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6 and Departments of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology (M.H., C.P., A.J.M., J.A.N., F.W.S.) and Medicine (F.W.S.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6; Food Directorate (A.J.M.), Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Jennifer A Crookshank
- Chronic Disease Program (M.H., G.-S.W., C.P., J.A.C., J.A.N., A.S., F.W.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6 and Departments of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology (M.H., C.P., A.J.M., J.A.N., F.W.S.) and Medicine (F.W.S.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6; Food Directorate (A.J.M.), Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Amanda J MacFarlane
- Chronic Disease Program (M.H., G.-S.W., C.P., J.A.C., J.A.N., A.S., F.W.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6 and Departments of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology (M.H., C.P., A.J.M., J.A.N., F.W.S.) and Medicine (F.W.S.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6; Food Directorate (A.J.M.), Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - J Ariana Noel
- Chronic Disease Program (M.H., G.-S.W., C.P., J.A.C., J.A.N., A.S., F.W.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6 and Departments of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology (M.H., C.P., A.J.M., J.A.N., F.W.S.) and Medicine (F.W.S.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6; Food Directorate (A.J.M.), Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Alexander Strom
- Chronic Disease Program (M.H., G.-S.W., C.P., J.A.C., J.A.N., A.S., F.W.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6 and Departments of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology (M.H., C.P., A.J.M., J.A.N., F.W.S.) and Medicine (F.W.S.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6; Food Directorate (A.J.M.), Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Fraser W Scott
- Chronic Disease Program (M.H., G.-S.W., C.P., J.A.C., J.A.N., A.S., F.W.S.), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6 and Departments of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology (M.H., C.P., A.J.M., J.A.N., F.W.S.) and Medicine (F.W.S.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6; Food Directorate (A.J.M.), Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sun J, Furio L, Mecheri R, van der Does AM, Lundeberg E, Saveanu L, Chen Y, van Endert P, Agerberth B, Diana J. Pancreatic β-Cells Limit Autoimmune Diabetes via an Immunoregulatory Antimicrobial Peptide Expressed under the Influence of the Gut Microbiota. Immunity 2015; 43:304-17. [PMID: 26253786 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) expressed by epithelial and immune cells are largely described for the defense against invading microorganisms. Recently, their immunomodulatory functions have been highlighted in various contexts. However how AMPs expressed by non-immune cells might influence autoimmune responses in peripheral tissues, such as the pancreas, is unknown. Here, we found that insulin-secreting β-cells produced the cathelicidin related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP) and that this production was defective in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. CRAMP administrated to prediabetic NOD mice induced regulatory immune cells in the pancreatic islets, dampening the incidence of autoimmune diabetes. Additional investigation revealed that the production of CRAMP by β-cells was controlled by short-chain fatty acids produced by the gut microbiota. Accordingly, gut microbiota manipulations in NOD mice modulated CRAMP production and inflammation in the pancreatic islets, revealing that the gut microbiota directly shape the pancreatic immune environment and autoimmune diabetes development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Laetitia Furio
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1163, Institut Imagine, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 Rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Ramine Mecheri
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 Rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Anne M van der Does
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Lundeberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Loredana Saveanu
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 Rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yongquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Peter van Endert
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 Rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Birgitta Agerberth
- Medical Microbial Pathogenesis Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julien Diana
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 Rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité 8253, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mayer C, Bergholdt R, Cucak H, Rolin BC, Sams A, Rosendahl A. Neutralizing Anti-IL20 Antibody Treatment Significantly Modulates Low Grade Inflammation without Affecting HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131306. [PMID: 26162095 PMCID: PMC4498892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Low grade inflammation is present in pre-clinical and human type 2 diabetes. In this process, several cytokines like IL-1β and inflammatory cells like macrophages are activated and demonstrated to participate to the disease initiation and progression. IL-20 is a cytokine known to play non-redundant roles in progression of several inflammatory diseases. To address the therapeutic effect of inhibiting the IL-20 pathway in diabetes, diabetic db/db mice were treated with neutralizing anti-IL20 antibodies in vivo and both metabolic and inflammatory parameters were followed. Diabetic islets expressed the IL-20 cytokine and all IL-20 receptor components in elevated levels compared to resting non-diabetic islets. Islets were responsive to ex vivo IL-20 stimulation measured as SOCS induction and KC and IL-6 production. Neutralizing anti-IL20 treatment in vivo had no effect on HbA1c or weight although the slope of blood glucose increase was lowered. In contrast, anti-IL20 treatment significantly reduced the systemic low-grade inflammation and modulated the local pancreatic immunity. Significant reduction of the systemic IL-1β and MCP-1 was demonstrated upon anti-IL20 treatment which was orchestrated with a reduced RANTES, IL-16 and IL-2 but increased TIMP-1, MCP-1 and IL-6 protein expression locally in the pancreas. Interestingly, anti-IL20 treatment induced an expansion of the myeloid suppressor CD11bGr1int macrophage while reducing the number of CD8 T cells. Taken together, anti-IL20 treatment showed moderate effects on metabolic parameters, but significantly altered the low grade local and systemic inflammation. Hence, future combination therapies with anti-IL20 may provide beneficial therapeutic effects in type 2 diabetes through a reduction of inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Mayer
- Department of Diabetic Complications Biology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Regine Bergholdt
- Department of Diabetic Complications Biology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Helena Cucak
- Department of Diabetic Complications Biology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Bidda Charlotte Rolin
- Department of Translational Pharmacology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Anette Sams
- Department of Diabetic Complications Biology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Alexander Rosendahl
- Department of Diabetic Complications Biology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Padgett LE, Burg AR, Lei W, Tse HM. Loss of NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide skews macrophage phenotypes to delay type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2015; 64:937-46. [PMID: 25288672 PMCID: PMC4338593 DOI: 10.2337/db14-0929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are early islet-infiltrating cells seen in type 1 diabetes (T1D). While proinflammatory M1 macrophages induce T1D, M2 macrophages have been shown to delay this autoimmune disease in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, but the environmental cues that govern macrophage polarization and differentiation remain unresolved. We previously demonstrated the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in T1D, as NOD mice deficient in NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived superoxide (Ncf1(m1J)) were protected against T1D partly because of blunted Toll-like receptor-dependent macrophage responses. We provide evidence that NOX-derived ROS contribute to macrophage differentiation in T1D. During spontaneous diabetes progression, T1D-resistant NOD.Ncf1(m1J) islet-resident macrophages displayed a dampened M1 and increased M2 phenotype. The transfer of diabetogenic T cells into NOX-deficient NOD.Rag.Ncf1(m1J) recipients resulted in decreased TNF-α(+) and IL-1β(+) islet-infiltrating M1 macrophages and a concomitant enhancement in arginase-1(+) M2 macrophages. Mechanistic analysis of superoxide-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages revealed a marked diminution in a proinflammatory M1 phenotype due to decreased P-STAT1 (Y701) and interferon regulatory factor 5 compared with NOD mice. We have therefore defined a novel mechanistic link between NOX-derived ROS and macrophage phenotypes, and implicated superoxide as an important factor in macrophage differentiation. Thus, targeting macrophage redox status may represent a promising therapy in halting human T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey E Padgett
- Department of Microbiology, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ashley R Burg
- Department of Microbiology, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Weiqi Lei
- Department of Microbiology, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Hubert M Tse
- Department of Microbiology, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lund ME, O'Brien BA, Hutchinson AT, Robinson MW, Simpson AM, Dalton JP, Donnelly S. Secreted proteins from the helminth Fasciola hepatica inhibit the initiation of autoreactive T cell responses and prevent diabetes in the NOD mouse. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86289. [PMID: 24466007 PMCID: PMC3897667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections with helminth parasites prevent/attenuate auto-inflammatory disease. Here we show that molecules secreted by a helminth parasite could prevent Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. When delivered at 4 weeks of age (coincident with the initiation of autoimmunity), the excretory/secretory products of Fasciola hepatica (FhES) prevented the onset of T1D, with 84% of mice remaining normoglycaemic and insulitis-free at 30 weeks of age. Disease protection was associated with suppression of IFN-γ secretion from autoreactive T cells and a switch to the production of a regulatory isotype (from IgG2a to IgG1) of autoantibody. Following FhES injection, peritoneal macrophages converted to a regulatory M2 phenotype, characterised by increased expression levels of Ym1, Arg-1, TGFβ and PD-L1. Expression of these M2 genetic markers increased in the pancreatic lymph nodes and the pancreas of FhES-treated mice. In vitro, FhES-stimulated M2 macrophages induced the differentiation of Tregs from splenocytes isolated from naïve NOD mice. Collectively, our data shows that FhES contains immune-modulatory molecules that mediate protection from autoimmune diabetes via the induction and maintenance of a regulatory immune environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria E. Lund
- School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bronwyn A. O'Brien
- School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew T. Hutchinson
- School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark W. Robinson
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Ann M. Simpson
- School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John P. Dalton
- Institute of Parasitology, McDonald Campus, McGill University, St. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sheila Donnelly
- The i3 Institute, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jangale NM, Devarshi PP, Dubal AA, Ghule AE, Koppikar SJ, Bodhankar SL, Chougale AD, Kulkarni MJ, Harsulkar AM. Dietary flaxseed oil and fish oil modulates expression of antioxidant and inflammatory genes with alleviation of protein glycation status and inflammation in liver of streptozotocin–nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Food Chem 2013; 141:187-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
26
|
Berry G, Waldner H. Accelerated type 1 diabetes induction in mice by adoptive transfer of diabetogenic CD4+ T cells. J Vis Exp 2013:e50389. [PMID: 23685789 DOI: 10.3791/50389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops autoimmune diabetes after 12 weeks of age and is the most extensively studied animal model of human Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Cell transfer studies in irradiated recipient mice have established that T cells are pivotal in T1D pathogenesis in this model. We describe herein a simple method to rapidly induce T1D by adoptive transfer of purified, primary CD4+ T cells from pre-diabetic NOD mice transgenic for the islet-specific T cell receptor (TCR) BDC2.5 into NOD.SCID recipient mice. The major advantages of this technique are that isolation and adoptive transfer of diabetogenic T cells can be completed within the same day, irradiation of the recipients is not required, and a high incidence of T1D is elicited within 2 weeks after T cell transfer. Thus, studies of pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions in T1D can proceed at a faster rate than with methods that rely on heterogenous T cell populations or clones derived from diabetic NOD mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Berry
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Carrero JA, Calderon B, Towfic F, Artyomov MN, Unanue ER. Defining the transcriptional and cellular landscape of type 1 diabetes in the NOD mouse. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59701. [PMID: 23555752 PMCID: PMC3608568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Our ability to successfully intervene in disease processes is dependent on definitive diagnosis. In the case of autoimmune disease, this is particularly challenging because progression of disease is lengthy and multifactorial. Here we show the first chronological compendium of transcriptional and cellular signatures of diabetes in the non-obese diabetic mouse. Our data relates the immunological environment of the islets of Langerhans with the transcriptional profile at discrete times. Based on these data, we have parsed diabetes into several discrete phases. First, there is a type I interferon signature that precedes T cell activation. Second, there is synchronous infiltration of all immunological cellular subsets and a period of control. Finally, there is the killing phase of the diabetogenic process that is correlated with an NF-kB signature. Our data provides a framework for future examination of autoimmune diabetes and its disease progression markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Carrero
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Parsa R, Andresen P, Gillett A, Mia S, Zhang XM, Mayans S, Holmberg D, Harris RA. Adoptive transfer of immunomodulatory M2 macrophages prevents type 1 diabetes in NOD mice. Diabetes 2012; 61:2881-92. [PMID: 22745325 PMCID: PMC3478537 DOI: 10.2337/db11-1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are multifunctional immune cells that may either drive or modulate disease pathogenesis depending on their activation phenotype. Autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic proinflammatory condition characterized by unresolved destruction of pancreatic islets. Adoptive cell transfer of macrophages with immunosuppressive properties represents a novel immunotherapy for treatment of such chronic autoimmune diseases. We used a panel of cytokines and other stimuli to discern the most effective regimen for in vitro induction of immunosuppressive macrophages (M2r) and determined interleukin (IL)-4/IL-10/transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) to be optimal. M2r cells expressed programmed cell death 1 ligand-2, fragment crystallizable region γ receptor IIb, IL-10, and TGF-β, had a potent deactivating effect on proinflammatory lipopolysaccharide/interferon-γ-stimulated macrophages, and significantly suppressed T-cell proliferation. Clinical therapeutic efficacy was assessed after adoptive transfer in NOD T1D mice, and after a single transfer of M2r macrophages, >80% of treated NOD mice were protected against T1D for at least 3 months, even when transfer was conducted just prior to clinical onset. Fluorescent imaging analyses revealed that adoptively transferred M2r macrophages specifically homed to the inflamed pancreas, promoting β-cell survival. We suggest that M2r macrophage therapy represents a novel intervention that stops ongoing autoimmune T1D and may have relevance in a clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roham Parsa
- Applied Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Andresen
- Applied Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alan Gillett
- Neuroimmunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sohel Mia
- Applied Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xing-Mei Zhang
- Applied Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sofia Mayans
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Dan Holmberg
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Robert A. Harris
- Applied Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Corresponding author: Robert A. Harris,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Interferon-gamma induced adipose tissue inflammation is linked to endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mice. Basic Res Cardiol 2011; 106:1135-45. [PMID: 21826531 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-011-0212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) has previously been associated with immuno-mediated inflammation in diet-induced obesity and type 1 diabetes. This study sought to define the role of IFNγ-induced adipose tissue inflammation in endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. We examined mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) inflammation, and endothelial function of small mesenteric artery (SMA) in control mice (m Lepr(db)), diabetic mice (Lepr(db)), m Lepr(db) treated with IFNγ, and Lepr(db) treated with anti-IFNγ or anti-monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (anti-MCP-1). mRNA and protein expression of IFNγ and MCP-1 were increased in MAT of Lepr(db), accompanied by increased T-lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration. Anti-IFNγ reduced MAT inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory cytokine expression in Lepr(db), while IFNγ treatment showed the opposite effects in m Lepr(db). Acetylcholine (ACh)-induced vasorelaxation of SMA was impaired in Lepr(db) versus m Lepr(db), but sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced vasorelaxation was comparable. Both anti-IFNγ and anti-MCP-1 improved endothelial function of Lepr(db), while IFNγ treatment impaired endothelial function of m Lepr(db). Superoxide production was higher in both MAT and SMA of Lepr(db) mice, and anti-IFNγ reduced MAT and SMA superoxide production. Macrophage accumulation in the adventitia of SMA, and mRNA expression of MCP-1 in SMA were increased in Lepr(db) and IFNγ-treated m Lepr(db), but reduced in anti-IFNγ treated Lepr(db). These findings suggest IFNγ has a key role in the regulation of visceral adipose tissue inflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
|
30
|
Chromatin remodeling resets the immune system to protect against autoimmune diabetes in mice. Immunol Cell Biol 2011; 89:640-9. [DOI: 10.1038/icb.2010.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
31
|
Lau K, Benitez P, Ardissone A, Wilson TD, Collins EL, Lorca G, Li N, Sankar D, Wasserfall C, Neu J, Atkinson MA, Shatz D, Triplett EW, Larkin J. Inhibition of Type 1 Diabetes Correlated to a Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2-Mediated Th17 Bias. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:3538-46. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
32
|
Calderon B, Carrero JA, Miller MJ, Unanue ER. Entry of diabetogenic T cells into islets induces changes that lead to amplification of the cellular response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:1567-72. [PMID: 21220309 PMCID: PMC3029718 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1018975108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In an accompanying paper, we find specific localization of diabetogenic T cells only to islets of Langerhans bearing the specific antigen. Instrumental in the specific localization was the presence of intraislet dendritic cells bearing the β-cell-peptide-MHC complex. Here, we report that the entry of diabetogenic CD4 T cells very rapidly triggered inflammatory gene expression changes in islets and vessels by up-regulating chemokines and adhesion molecules. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression was notable in blood vessels, as was intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). ICAM-1 was also found on β-cells. These expression changes induced the entry of nonspecific T cells that otherwise did not localize to the islets. In contrast to the entry of diabetogenic CD4 T cells, the entrance of nonspecific T cells required a chemokine response and VCAM-1 expression by the islets. IFN-γ was important for the early gene expression changes in the islets. By microarray analysis, we detected up-regulation of a group of IFN-inducible genes as early as 8 h post-T-cell transfer. These studies establish that entry of diabetogenic T cells induces a state of receptivity of islets to subsequent immunological insults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Calderon
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Javier A. Carrero
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Mark J. Miller
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Emil R. Unanue
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pérez-Arana G, Blandino-Rosano M, Prada-Oliveira A, Aguilar-Diosdado M, Segundo C. Decrease in {beta}-cell proliferation precedes apoptosis during diabetes development in bio-breeding/worcester rat: beneficial role of Exendin-4. Endocrinology 2010; 151:2538-46. [PMID: 20410202 DOI: 10.1210/en.2009-1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus, proinflammatory cytokine-mediated apoptosis of beta-cells has been considered to be the first event directly responsible for beta-cell mass reduction. In the Bio-Breeding (BB) rat, an in vivo model used in the study of autoimmune diabetes, beta-cell apoptosis is observed from 9 wk of age and takes place after an insulitis period that begins at an earlier age. Previous studies by our group have shown an antiproliferative effect of proinflammatory cytokines on cultured beta-cells in Wistar rats, an effect that was partially reversed by Exendin-4, an analogue of glucagon-like peptide-1. In the current study, the changes in beta-cell apoptosis and proliferation during insulitis stage were also determined in pancreatic tissue sections in normal and thymectomized BB rats, as well as in Wistar rats of 5, 7, 9, and 11 wk of age. Although stable beta-cell proliferation in Wistar and thymectomized BB rats was observed along the course of the study, a decrease in beta-cell proliferation and beta-cell mass from the age of 5 wk, and prior to the commencement of apoptosis, was noted in BB rats. Exendin-4, in combination with anti-interferon-gamma antibody, induced a near-total recovery of beta-cell proliferation during the initial stages of insulitis. This highlights the importance of early intervention and, as well, the possibilities of new therapeutic approaches in preventing autoimmune diabetes by acting, initially, in the insulitis stage and, subsequently, on beta-cell regeneration and on beta-cell apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Pérez-Arana
- Investigation Unit and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Puerta del Mar Hospital, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Turner MS, Kane LP, Morel PA. Dominant role of antigen dose in CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell induction and expansion. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 183:4895-903. [PMID: 19801514 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The definitions of tolerogenic vs immunogenic dendritic cells (DC) remain controversial. Immature DC have been shown to induce T regulatory cells (Treg) specific for foreign and allogeneic Ags. However, we have previously reported that mature DC (mDC) prevented the onset of autoimmune diabetes, whereas immature DC (iDC) were therapeutically ineffective. In this study, islet-specific CD4(+) T cells from BDC2.5 TCR-transgenic mice were stimulated in the absence of exogenous cytokine with iDC or mDC pulsed with high- or low-affinity antigenic peptides and examined for Treg induction. Both iDC and mDC presenting low peptide doses induced weak TCR signaling via the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, resulting in significant expansion of Foxp3(+) Treg. Furthermore, unpulsed mDC, but not iDC, also induced Treg. High peptide doses induced strong Akt/mTOR signaling and favored the expansion of Foxp3(neg) Th cells. The inverse correlation of Foxp3 and Akt/mTOR signaling was also observed in DO11.10 and OT-II TCR-transgenic T cells and was recapitulated with anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation in the absence of DC. IL-6 production in these cultures correlated positively with Ag dose and inversely with Treg expansion. Studies with T cells or DC from IL-6(-/-) mice revealed that IL-6 production by T cells was more important in the inhibition of Treg induction at low Ag doses. These studies indicate that the strength of Akt/mTOR signaling, a critical T cell-intrinsic determinant for Treg vs Th induction, can be controlled by adjusting the dose of antigenic peptide. Furthermore, this operates in a dominant fashion over DC phenotype and cytokine production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Turner
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mori Y, Kodaka T, Kato T, Kanagawa EM, Kanagawa O. Critical role of IFN-gamma in CFA-mediated protection of NOD mice from diabetes development. Int Immunol 2009; 21:1291-9. [PMID: 19778991 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxp097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IFN-gamma signaling-deficient non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice develop diabetes with similar kinetics to those of wild-type NOD mice. However, the immunization of IFN-gamma signaling-deficient NOD mice with CFA failed to induce long-term protection, whereas wild-type NOD mice receiving CFA remained diabetes-free. CFA also failed to protect IFN-gamma receptor-deficient (IFN-gammaR(-/-)) NOD mice from the autoimmune rejection of transplanted islets, as it does in diabetic NOD mice, and from disease transfer by spleen cells from diabetic NOD mice. These data clearly show that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma is necessary for the CFA-mediated protection of NOD mice from diabetes. There is no difference in the T(h)1/T(h)17 balance between IFN-gammaR(-/-) NOD and wild-type NOD mice. There is also no difference in the total numbers and percentages of regulatory T (Treg) cells in the lymph node CD4(+) T-cell populations between IFN-gammaR(-/-) NOD and wild-type NOD mice. However, pathogenic T cells lacking IFN-gammaR are resistant to the suppressive effect of Treg cells, both in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, it is likely that CFA-mediated protection against diabetes development depends on a change in the balance between Treg cells and pathogenic T cells, and IFN-gamma signaling seems to control the susceptibility of pathogenic T cells to the inhibitory activity of Treg cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Mori
- Laboratory for Autoimmune Regulation, Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|