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Rong M, Jia JJ, Lin MQ, He XLS, Xie ZY, Wang N, Zhang ZH, Dong YJ, Xu WF, Huang JH, Li B, Jiang NH, Lv GY, Chen SH. The effect of modified Qiyuan paste on mice with low immunity and sleep deprivation by regulating GABA nerve and immune system. Chin Med 2024; 19:84. [PMID: 38867320 PMCID: PMC11167779 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00939-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low immunity and sleep disorders are prevalent suboptimal health conditions in contemporary populations, which render them susceptible to the infiltration of pathogenic factors. LJC, which has a long history in traditional Chinese medicine for nourishing the Yin and blood and calming the mind, is obtained by modifying Qiyuan paste. Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo has been shown to improve the immune function in sleep-deprived mice. In this study, based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory, LJC was prepared by adding D. officinale Kimura et Migo to Qiyuan paste decoction. METHODS Indicators of Yin deficiency syndrome, such as back temperature and grip strength, were measured in each group of mice; furthermore, behavioral tests and pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep tests were performed. An automatic biochemical analyzer, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, and other methods were used to determine routine blood parameters, serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, and IgM), cont (C3, C4), acid phosphatase (ACP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in the spleen, serum hemolysin, and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) levels. In addition, serum levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Nissl staining were used to assess the histological alterations in the hypothalamus tissue. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expressions of the GABA pathway proteins GABRA1, GAD, GAT1, and GABAT1 and those of CD4+ and CD8+ proteins in the thymus and spleen tissues. RESULTS The findings indicated that LJC prolonged the sleep duration, improved the pathological changes in the hippocampus, effectively upregulated the GABA content in the serum of mice, downregulated the Glu content and Glu/GABA ratio, enhanced the expressions of GABRA1, GAT1, and GAD, and decreased the expression of GABAT1 to assuage sleep disorders. Importantly, LJC alleviated the damage to the thymus and spleen tissues in the model mice and enhanced the activities of ACP and LDH in the spleen of the immunocompromised mice. Moreover, serum hemolysin levels and serum IgG, IgA, and IgM levels increased after LJC administration, which manifested as increased CD4+ content, decreased CD8+ content, and enhanced DTH response. In addition, LJC significantly increased the levels of complement C3 and C4, increased the number of white blood cells and lymphocytes, and decreased the percentage of neutrophils in the blood. CONCLUSIONS LJC can lead to improvements in immunocompromised mice models with insufficient sleep. The underlying mechanism may involve regulation of the GABA/Glu content and the expression levels of GABA metabolism pathway-related proteins in the brain of mice, enhancing their specific and nonspecific immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Rong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiu-Jie Jia
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min-Qiu Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xing-Li-Shang He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ze-Hua Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying-Jie Dong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wan-Feng Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Hui Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ning-Hua Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gui-Yuan Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Su-Hong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Innovative Research and Development and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Products, Huzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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Reich N, Mannino M, Kotler S. Using caffeine as a chemical means to induce flow states. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 159:105577. [PMID: 38331128 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Flow is an intrinsically rewarding state characterised by positive affect and total task absorption. Because cognitive and physical performance are optimal in flow, chemical means to facilitate this state are appealing. Caffeine, a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist, has been emphasized as a potential flow-inducer. Thus, we review the psychological and biological effects of caffeine that, conceptually, enhance flow. Caffeine may facilitate flow through various effects, including: i) upregulation of dopamine D1/D2 receptor affinity in reward-associated brain areas, leading to greater energetic arousal and 'wanting'; ii) protection of dopaminergic neurons; iii) increases in norepinephrine release and alertness, which offset sleep-deprivation and hypoarousal; iv) heightening of parasympathetic high frequency heart rate variability, resulting in improved cortical stress appraisal, v) modification of striatal endocannabinoid-CB1 receptor-signalling, leading to enhanced stress tolerance; and vi) changes in brain network activity in favour of executive function and flow. We also discuss the application of caffeine to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and caveats. We hope to inspire studies assessing the use of caffeine to induce flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Reich
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Biomedical & Life Sciences Division, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK; The ALBORADA Drug Discovery Institute, University of Cambridge, Island Research Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK.
| | - Michael Mannino
- Flow Research Collective, USA; Miami Dade College, Miami, FL, USA
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Song X, Kirtipal N, Lee S, Malý P, Bharadwaj S. Current therapeutic targets and multifaceted physiological impacts of caffeine. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5558-5598. [PMID: 37679309 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine, which shares consubstantial structural similarity with purine adenosine, has been demonstrated as a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist for eliciting most of the biological functions at physiologically relevant dosages. Accumulating evidence supports caffeine's beneficial effects against different disorders, such as total cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Conversely, paradoxical effects are also linked to caffeine ingestion in humans including hypertension-hypotension and tachycardia-bradycardia. These observations suggest the association of caffeine action with its ingested concentration and/or concurrent interaction with preferential molecular targets to direct explicit events in the human body. Thus, a coherent analysis of the functional targets of caffeine, relevant to normal physiology, and disease pathophysiology, is required to understand the pharmacology of caffeine. This review provides a broad overview of the experimentally validated targets of caffeine, particularly those of therapeutic interest, and the impacts of caffeine on organ-specific physiology and pathophysiology. Overall, the available empirical and epidemiological evidence supports the dose-dependent functional activities of caffeine and advocates for further studies to get insights into the caffeine-induced changes under specific conditions, such as asthma, DNA repair, and cancer, in view of its therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Song
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Product, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nikhil Kirtipal
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunjae Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Petr Malý
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i, BIOCEV Research Center, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Shiv Bharadwaj
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i, BIOCEV Research Center, Vestec, Czech Republic
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Xiao SJ, Xu XK, Chen W, Xin JY, Yuan WL, Zu XP, Shen YH. Traditional Chinese medicine Euodiae Fructus: botany, traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and quality control. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 36790599 PMCID: PMC9931992 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Euodiae Fructus, referred to as "Wuzhuyu" in Chinese, has been used as local and traditional herbal medicines in many regions, especially in China, Japan and Korea, for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, headache, emesis, aphtha, dermatophytosis, dysentery, etc. Substantial investigations into their chemical and pharmacological properties have been performed. Recently, interest in this plant has been focused on the different structural types of alkaloids like evodiamine, rutaecarpine, dehydroevodiamine and 1-methyl-2-undecyl-4(1H)-quinolone, which exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities in preclinical models, such as anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cardiovascular disease, etc. This review summarizes the up-to-date and comprehensive information concerning the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology of Euodiae Fructus together with the toxicology and quality control, and discusses the possible direction and scope for future research on this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Xiao
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xi-Ke Xu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jia-Yun Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Wen-Lin Yuan
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xian-Peng Zu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yun-Heng Shen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Xu Y, Ma L, Liu F, Yao L, Wang W, Yang S, Han T. Lavender essential oil fractions alleviate sleep disorders induced by the combination of anxiety and caffeine in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115868. [PMID: 36309115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) essential oil is renowned for its use in the treatment of insomnia and mental disorder diseases in folk medicine. Previous pharmacological studies have also shown that lavender essential oil displays sedative and hypnotic activities. However, the active ingredients and mechanism of lavender essential oil for sleep-improving effect remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigates whether inhalation of different fractions of lavender essential oil can attenuate the sleep disturbances induced by combined anxiety and caffeine and explores the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molecular distillation was applied to separate lavender essential oil into fractions containing different chemical components, and GC-MS was used to analyze the volatile compounds of lavender essential oil and its fractions. The elevated plus maze test, pentobarbital-induced sleep test, and neurotransmitters enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted to evaluate the anxiolytic and hypnotic effects of lavender essential oil and its fractions on mice suffering from sleep disorders. RESULTS The results of behavioral tests indicated that lavender essential oil and its fractions (3%, v/v) exerted an ameliorating effect on sleep disturbances induced by anxiety and caffeine. The light fraction and heavy fractions exhibited complementary chemical composition, with the former enriched in linalool and trans-β-ocimene and the latter in linalyl acetate, lavandulyl acetate, trans-caryophyllene, etc. The light fraction contributed more to sleep maintenance, and the heavy fraction performed better at sleep initiation. The neurobiological parameters elucidated that the mechanism of lavender essential oil for sleep-improving was multifaceted, related to the GABAergic system, cholinergic system, histaminergic system, and monoamines in the limbic system. The heavy fraction shared a similar mechanism with the lavender essential oil, while the light fraction did not actively participate in the cholinergic system, histaminergic system, and dopaminergic system. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results demonstrated that different fractions of lavender essential oil played different roles in ameliorating sleep disorders, and this may be credited to their compositional differences and the complicated interactions with the central nervous system. The results are informative for future investigations on the molecular level mechanisms and provide guidance for appropriate applications of lavender essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China; R&D Center for Aromatic Plants, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China; R&D Center for Aromatic Plants, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Fei Liu
- Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd., No. 888 Xinluo Street, High-tech Zone, Jinan, 250101, Shandong, China.
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China; R&D Center for Aromatic Plants, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Wencui Wang
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China; R&D Center for Aromatic Plants, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Suzhen Yang
- Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd., No. 888 Xinluo Street, High-tech Zone, Jinan, 250101, Shandong, China.
| | - Tingting Han
- Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd., No. 888 Xinluo Street, High-tech Zone, Jinan, 250101, Shandong, China.
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Kim RE, Mabunga DF, Kim HJ, Han SH, Kim HY, Shin CY, Kwon KJ. Novel Therapeutics for Treating Sleep Disorders: New Perspectives on Maydis stigma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314612. [PMID: 36498940 PMCID: PMC9740493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a restorative period that plays a crucial role in the physiological functioning of the body, including that of the immune system, memory processing, and cognition. Sleep disturbances can be caused by various physical, mental, and social problems. Recently, there has been growing interest in sleep. Maydis stigma (MS, corn silk) is a female maize flower that is traditionally used as a medicinal plant to treat many diseases, including hypertension, edema, and diabetes. It is also used as a functional food in tea and other supplements. β-Sitosterol (BS) is a phytosterol and a natural micronutrient in higher plants, and it has a similar structure to cholesterol. It is a major component of MS and has anti-inflammatory, antidepressive, and sedative effects. However, the potential effects of MS on sleep regulation remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of MS on sleep in mice. The effects of MS on sleep induction were determined using pentobarbital-induced sleep and caffeine-induced sleep disruption mouse models. MS extracts decreased sleep latency and increased sleep duration in both the pentobarbital-induced sleep induction and caffeine-induced sleep disruption models compared to the positive control, valerian root extract. The butanol fraction of MS extracts decreased sleep latency time and increased sleep duration. In addition, β-sitosterol enhances sleep latency and sleep duration. Both MS extract and β-sitosterol increased alpha activity in the EEG analysis. We measured the mRNA expression of melatonin receptors 1 and 2 (MT1/2) using qRT-PCR. The mRNA expression of melatonin receptors 1 and 2 was increased by MS extract and β-sitosterol treatment in rat primary cultured neurons and the brain. In addition, MS extract increased the expression of clock genes including per1/2, cry1/2, and Bmal1 in the brain. MS extract and β-sitosterol increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and αCaMKII. Our results demonstrate for the first time that MS has a sleep-promoting effect via melatonin receptor expression, which may provide new scientific evidence for its use as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment and prevention of sleep disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryeong-Eun Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Darine Froy Mabunga
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarangro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol-Heui Han
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk Hospital Medical Center, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahn Young Kim
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk Hospital Medical Center, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Young Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Ja Kwon
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk Hospital Medical Center, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-454-5630; Fax: +82-2030-7899
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang S, Yuan L, Zhong Y, Wu X, Yang J, Xu Z. Multi-Metabolomics Coupled with Quantitative Descriptive Analysis Revealed Key Alterations in Phytochemical Composition and Sensory Qualities of Decaffeinated Green and Black Tea from the Same Fresh Leaves. Foods 2022. [PMCID: PMC9602332 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The supercritical CO2-based decaffeination (SCD) method can be used to prepare decaffeinated tea, but its overall effect on the phytochemicals, volatiles, and sensory qualities of green and black teas is still unclear, and its suitability to prepare decaffeinated green and black teas still needs to be compared. This study revealed the effect of SCD on phytochemicals, volatiles, and sensory qualities in black and green tea prepared from the same tea leaves, and compared the suitability of preparing decaffeinated green and black teas using SCD. The results showed that the SCD could remove 98.2 and 97.1% of the caffeine in green and black tea, respectively. However, it can cause further losses of phytochemicals in green and black teas, specifically the loss of epigallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, and gallocatechin gallate in green tea and the loss of theanine and arginine in green and black teas. After the decaffeination, both green and black teas lost some volatiles but also generated new volatiles. Especially, the fruit/flower-like aroma, ocimene, linalyl acetate, geranyl acetate, and D-limonene, were generated in the decaffeinated black tea, while herbal/green-like aroma, β-cyclocitral, 2-ethylhexanol, and safranal, were generated in the decaffeinated green tea. The overall acceptance of decaffeinated green tea decreased due to the substantial reduction in bitterness and astringency, while the overall acceptance of decaffeinated black tea significantly increased. Therefore, SCD is more suitable for the preparation of decaffeinated black tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shaorong Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Linying Yuan
- Tea Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Yingfu Zhong
- Tea Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Xiuhong Wu
- Tea Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Tea Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Ze Xu
- Tea Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
- Correspondence:
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Jiang W, Tang M, Yang L, Zhao X, Gao J, Jiao Y, Li T, Tie C, Gao T, Han Y, Jiang JD. Analgesic Alkaloids Derived From Traditional Chinese Medicine in Pain Management. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:851508. [PMID: 35620295 PMCID: PMC9127080 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is one of the most prevalent health problems. The establishment of chronic pain is complex. Current medication for chronic pain mainly dependent on anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants and opioidergic drugs. However, they have limited therapeutic efficacy, and some even with severe side effects. We turned our interest into alkaloids separated from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), that usually act on multiple drug targets. In this article, we introduced the best-studied analgesic alkaloids derived from TCM, including tetrahydropalmatine, aloperine, oxysophocarpine, matrine, sinomenine, ligustrazine, evodiamine, brucine, tetrandrine, Stopholidine, and lappaconitine, focusing on their mechanisms and potential clinical applications. To better describe the mechanism of these alkaloids, we adopted the concept of drug-cloud (dCloud) theory. dCloud illustrated the full therapeutic spectrum of multitarget analgesics with two dimensions, which are “direct efficacy”, including inhibition of ion channels, activating γ-Aminobutyric Acid/opioid receptors, to suppress pain signal directly; and “background efficacy”, including reducing neuronal inflammation/oxidative stress, inhibition of glial cell activation, restoring the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, to cure the root causes of chronic pain. Empirical evidence showed drug combination is beneficial to 30–50% chronic pain patients. To promote the discovery of effective analgesic combinations, we introduced an ancient Chinese therapeutic regimen that combines herbal drugs with “Jun”, “Chen”, “Zuo”, and “Shi” properties. In dCloud, “Jun” drug acts directly on the major symptom of the disease; “Chen” drug generates major background effects; “Zuo” drug has salutary and supportive functions; and “Shi” drug facilitates drug delivery to the targeted tissue. Subsequently, using this concept, we interpreted the therapeutic effect of established analgesic compositions containing TCM derived analgesic alkaloids, which may contribute to the establishment of an alternative drug discovery model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, China
| | - Mingze Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Yang
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- First Clinical Division, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Jiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cai Tie
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safety Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, China.,School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianle Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yoon M, Jung J, Kim M, Lee C, Cho S, Um M. Effect of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum) Extract on Caffeine-Induced Sleep Disruption and Excitation in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112249. [PMID: 35684048 PMCID: PMC9183155 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is one of the most essential factors required to maintain good health. However, the global prevalence of insomnia is increasing, and caffeine intake is a major trigger. The objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of black pepper, Piper nigrum extract (PE), on caffeine-induced sleep disruption and excitation in mice. Caffeine significantly decreased sleep duration in the pentobarbital-induced sleep test. It also resulted in a significant increase in sleep onset and a decrease in non-rapid eye movement sleep. Moreover, in an open-field test, caffeine-treated mice exhibited a significantly increased time in the center zone and total distance traveled. However, the co-administration of caffeine and PE did not result in similar arousal activities. Thus, our results suggest that PE can be used as a potential therapeutic agent to treat sleep problems and excitatory status associated with caffeine intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Yoon
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.Y.); (J.J.); (M.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Jonghoon Jung
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.Y.); (J.J.); (M.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Minjung Kim
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.Y.); (J.J.); (M.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Changho Lee
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.Y.); (J.J.); (M.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Suengmok Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea;
| | - Minyoung Um
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.Y.); (J.J.); (M.K.); (C.L.)
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-219-9409
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Dong YJ, Jiang NH, Zhan LH, Teng X, Fang X, Lin MQ, Xie ZY, Luo R, Li LZ, Li B, Zhang BB, Lv GY, Chen SH. Soporific effect of modified Suanzaoren Decoction on mice models of insomnia by regulating Orexin-A and HPA axis homeostasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112141. [PMID: 34509822 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Modified Suanzaoren Decoction (MSZRD) is obtained by improving Suanzaoren Decoction (SZRT), a traditional Chinese herbal prescription that has been used to treat insomnia for more than thousands of years. Our previous study showed that MSZRD can improve the gastrointestinal discomfort related insomnia by regulating Orexin-A. This study is the first study to evaluate the effects and possible mechanisms of MSZRD in mice with insomnia caused by p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) combined with multifactor random stimulation. METHODS After 14 days of multifactor stimulation to ICR mice, a PCPA suspension (30 mg/mL) was injected intraperitoneally for two consecutive days to establish an insomnia model. Three different doses of MSZRD (3.6, 7.2, and 14.4 g/kg/day) were given to ICR mice for 24 days. The food intake and back temperature were measured, and behavioral tests and pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep tests were conducted. The levels of Orexin-A, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and adrenocortical hormones (CORT) in the serum and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) in hypothalamus were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamic acid (Glu) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of 5HT1A receptor (5-HTRIA) and orexin receptor 2 antibody (OX2R) was measured by Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemical staining (ICH). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Nissl staining were used to assess the histological changes in hypothalamus tissue. RESULTS Of note, MSZRD can shorten the sleep latency of insomnia mice (P < 0.05, 0.01), prolonged the sleep duration of mice (P < 0.05, 0.01), and improve the circadian rhythm disorder relative to placebo-treated animals. Furthermore, MSZRD effectively increased the content of 5-HT and 5-HTR1A protein in the hypothalamus of insomnia mice (P < 0.05, 0.01), while downregulated the content of DA and NE (P < 0.05, 0.01). Importantly, serum GABA concentration was increased by treatment with MSZRD (P < 0.05), as reflected by a decreased Glu/GABA ratio (P < 0.05). Moreover, MSZRD decreased the levels of CORT, ACTH, and CRH related hormones in HPA axis (P < 0.05, 0.01). At the same time, MSZRD significantly downregulated the serum Orexin-A content in insomnia mice (P < 0.05), as well as hypothalamic OX2R expression (P < 0.05). In addition, MSZRD also improved the histopathological changes in hypothalamus in insomnia mice. CONCLUSION MSZRD has sleep-improvement effect in mice model of insomnia. The mechanism may be that regulating the expression of Orexin-A affects the homeostasis of HPA axis and the release of related neurotransmitters in mice with insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Dong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Ning-Hua Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1518, Huancheng North Road, Nanhu District, Jaxing, Zhejiang 314001, China
| | - Liang-Hui Zhan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xi Teng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xi Fang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Min-Qiu Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Rong Luo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Lin-Zi Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Bo Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- Center for Food Evaluation, State Administrition for Market Regulation, No. 188 Western Road of South Fourth Ring Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, China.
| | - Gui-Yuan Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Su-Hong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
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Hyun SY, Le HT, Min HY, Pei H, Lim Y, Song I, Nguyen YTK, Hong S, Han BW, Lee HY. Evodiamine inhibits both stem cell and non-stem-cell populations in human cancer cells by targeting heat shock protein 70. Theranostics 2021; 11:2932-2952. [PMID: 33456581 PMCID: PMC7806467 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known to cause tumor recurrence and drug resistance. The heat shock protein (HSP) system plays a major role in preserving expression and function of numerous oncoproteins, including those involved in the CSC activities. We explored novel anticancer drugs, especially those targeting HSP components required for the functional role of CSCs. Methods: Investigation of the role of the HSP system in CSCs and screening of a natural product chemical library were performed by utilizing cancer cell lines, primary cultures of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), and their putative CSC subpopulations (i.e., those grown under sphere-forming conditions, stably transfected with reporter vectors carrying NANOG or POUSF1 promoters, or carrying high ALDH activity) in vitro and PDX and KrasG12D/+-driven tumor models in vivo. Regulation of the HSP system was investigated by immunoprecipitation, drug affinity responsive target stability assay, binding experiments using ATP-agarose beads and biotinylated drug, and docking analysis. Results: The HSP system was activated in CSCs via transcriptional upregulation of the HSP system components, especially HSP70. Evodiamine (Evo) was identified to induce apoptosis in both CSC and bulk non-CSC populations in human lung, colon, and breast cancer cells and their sublines with chemoresistance. Evo administration decreased the multiplicity, volume, and load of lung tumors in KrasG12D/+ transgenic mice and the growth of cancer cell line- and PDX-derived tumors without detectable toxicity. Mechanistically, Evo disrupted the HSP system by binding the N-terminal ATP-binding pocket of HSP70 and causing its ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Conclusions: Our findings illustrate HSP70 as a potential target for eliminating CSCs and Evo as an effective HSP70-targeting anticancer drug eradicating both CSCs and non-CSCs with a minimal toxicity.
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Labib H, Galal A. Caffeine versus antioxidant combination (Antox) and their role in modifying cadmium-induced testicular injury in adult male albino rats. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13948. [PMID: 33372294 DOI: 10.1111/and.13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current work was to compare the roles of caffeine and antioxidants in prevention of cadmium-induced testicular damage when given, in addition to cadmium, in adult male albino rats. Histopathological and ultra-structural examination as well as biochemical and molecular assessments were done. Cadmium chloride (4 mg/kg body weight) was administered via oral gavage from day 21 to 28 of the experiment. Caffeine (25 mg/kg) via intra-peritoneal injection and antioxidant preparation (Antox) 10 mg/kg via oral gavage were given as a pre-treatment for 21 days and concomitantly with Cd from day 21 to 28. Real-time PCR was done for determination of 3, 17 β hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, caspase-9 and mitofusin 1,2 gene expression. Testosterone level, glutathione S-transferase enzyme activity, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase were measured spectrophotometrically by ELISA. Histological and ultra-structural evaluation revealed disturbance of normal architecture, vacuolisation and necrosis. Vascular dilatation and congestion and collagen fibre deposition were present. A statistically significant difference was seen in all parameters when caffeine and antioxidants were given against cadmium-induced testicular injury. Overall, we conclude that both caffeine and antioxidants have the ability to reverse cadmium-induced testicular injury when given as pre-treatment prior to cadmium exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Labib
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Alainy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Galal
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Alainy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Hu S, Huang Y, Chen Y, Zhou R, Yang X, Zou Y, Gao D, Huang H, Yu D. Diosmetin reduces bone loss and osteoclastogenesis by regulating the expression of TRPV1 in osteoporosis rats. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1312. [PMID: 33209892 PMCID: PMC7661890 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder and occurs frequently in postmenopausal women and older men. This study aimed to examine whether diosmetin (DIO) can relieve estrogen deficiency—induced osteoporosis and to explore the underlying mechanisms of this potential effect. Methods Forty-nine Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into seven groups. Six groups underwent bilateral ovariectomy (OVX), while the sham group underwent ovarian exposure surgery. DIO and evodiamine were administered 3 days before surgery, and then subcutaneously every 3 days for 3 months in the following fashion: group I, DIO (100 mg/kg); group II, OVX; group III, OVX + DIO (50 mg/kg); group IV, OVX + DIO (100 mg/kg); group V, OVX + evodiamine (10 mg/kg) group; group VI, OVX + DIO (100 mg/kg) + evodiamine (10 mg/kg) group. Bone histopathological damage, bone loss, osteoclast production, and the expression level of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) were detected. Results Compared with the sham group, the expression of bone resorption–related genes, osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) (1.00%±0.16% versus 4.5%±0.28%, **, P<0.01) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) (2.0%±0.6% versus 18.00±1.2%, ***, P<0.001), was increased significantly. The protein level of osteogenic marker proteins, osterix (Osx) (1.0%±0.1% versus 0.03%±0.01%, **, P<0.01) and type 1 collagen (COL1A1) (1.0%±0.13% versus 0.13%±0.05%, **, P<0.01) was decreased significantly with the increase of TRPV1 (1.0%±0.15% versus 2.89%±0.28%, **, P<0.01) protein level. Notably, DIO can alleviate some abnormal symptoms related to osteoporosis. Conclusions DIO can relieve typical osteoporosis symptoms in an OVX osteoporosis rat model. The underlying mechanism may be associated with the downregulation of TRPV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China-Guang'an Hospital, Sichuan University, Guang'an, China
| | - Youyi Huang
- Medical Department of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, West China-Guang'an Hospital, Sichuan University, Guang'an, China
| | - Renyi Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, First hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaozhong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China-Guang'an Hospital, Sichuan University, Guang'an, China
| | - Yi Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, West China-Guang'an Hospital, Sichuan University, Guang'an, China
| | - Daxin Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, West China-Guang'an Hospital, Sichuan University, Guang'an, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China-Guang'an Hospital, Sichuan University, Guang'an, China
| | - Dongming Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China-Guang'an Hospital, Sichuan University, Guang'an, China
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Sun Q, Xie L, Song J, Li X. Evodiamine: A review of its pharmacology, toxicity, pharmacokinetics and preparation researches. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 262:113164. [PMID: 32738391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Evodia rutaecarpa, a well-known herb medicine in China, is extensively applied in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The plant has the effects of dispersing cold and relieving pain, arresting vomiting, and helping Yang and stopping diarrhea. Modern research demonstrates that evodiamine, the main component of Evodia rutaecarpa, is the material basis for its efficacy. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This paper is primarily addressed to summarize the current studies on evodiamine. The progress in research on the pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacokinetics, preparation researches and clinical application are reviewed. Moreover, outlooks and directions for possible future studies concerning it are also discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS The information of this systematic review was conducted with resources of multiple literature databases including PubMed, Google scholar, Web of Science and Wiley Online Library and so on, with employing a combination of keywords including "pharmacology", "toxicology", "pharmacokinetics" and "clinical application", etc. RESULTS: As the main component of Evodia rutaecarpa, evodiamine shows considerable pharmacological activities, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, heart protection and metabolic disease regulation. However, it is also found that it has significant hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity, thereby it should be monitored in clinical. In addition, available data demonstrate that the evodiamine has a needy solubility in aqueous medium. Scientific and reasonable pharmaceutical strategies should be introduced to improve the above defects. Meanwhile, more efforts should be made to develop novel efficient and low toxic derivatives. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes the results from current studies of evodiamine, which is one of the valuable medicinal ingredients from Evodia rutaecarpa. With the assistance of relevant pharmacological investigation, some conventional application and problems in pharmaceutical field have been researched in recent years. In addition, unresolved issues include toxic mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, novel pharmaceutical researches and relationship between residues and intestinal environment, which are still being explored and excavate before achieving integration into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Long Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Jiawen Song
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
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Fang Z, Tang Y, Ying J, Tang C, Wang Q. Traditional Chinese medicine for anti-Alzheimer's disease: berberine and evodiamine from Evodia rutaecarpa. Chin Med 2020; 15:82. [PMID: 32774447 PMCID: PMC7409421 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common diseases in elderly people with a high incidence of dementia at approximately 60-80%. The pathogenesis of AD was quite complicated and currently there is no unified conclusion in the academic community, so no efficiently clinical treatment is available. In recent years, with the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), researchers have proposed the idea of relying on TCM to prevent and treat AD based on the characteristic of multiple targets of TCM. This study reviewed the pathological hypothesis of AD and the potential biomarkers found in the current researches. And the potential targets of berberine and evodiamine from Evodia rutaecarpa in AD were summarized and further analyzed. A compound-targets-pathway network was carried out to clarify the mechanism of action of berberine and evodiamine for AD. Furthermore, the limitations of current researches on the TCM and AD were discussed. It is hoped that this review will provide some references for development of TCM in the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Fang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Yuqing Tang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Jiaming Ying
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Chunlan Tang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Qinwen Wang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
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Alasmari F. Caffeine induces neurobehavioral effects through modulating neurotransmitters. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:445-451. [PMID: 32273803 PMCID: PMC7132598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence demonstrates that chronic caffeine exposure, primarily through consumption of coffee or tea, leads to increased alertness and anxiety. Preclinical and clinical studies showed that caffeine induced beneficial effects on mood and cognition. Other studies using molecular techniques have reported that caffeine exhibited neuroprotective effects in animal models by protecting dopaminergic neurons. Moreover, caffeine interacts with dopaminergic system, which leads to improvements in neurobehavioral measures in animal models of depression or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Glutamatergic receptors have been found to be involved on the neurobiological effects of caffeine. Additionally, caffeine has been found to suppress the inhibitory (GABAergic) activity and modulate GABA receptors. Studies have also found that modulating these neurotransmitters leads to neurobehavioral effects. The linkage between the modulatory role of caffeine on neurotransmitters and neurobehavioral effects has not been fully discussed. The purpose of this review is to discuss in detail the role of neurotransmitters in the effects of caffeine on neurobehavioral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Lin A, Shih CT, Huang CL, Wu CC, Lin CT, Tsai YC. Hypnotic Effects of Lactobacillus fermentum PS150 TM on Pentobarbital-Induced Sleep in Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2409. [PMID: 31600934 PMCID: PMC6836230 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system appears to be functionally linked to the intestinal microbiome, namely the microbiome-gut-brain axis (MGBA). Probiotics with health benefits on psychiatric or neurological illnesses are generally called psychobiotics, and some of them may also be able to improve sleep by targeting the MGBA. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a psychobiotic strain, Lactobacillus fermentum PS150TM (PS150TM), on sleep improvement by using a pentobarbital-induced sleep mouse model. Compared with the vehicle control group, the oral administration of PS150TM, but not the other L. fermentum strains, significantly decreased the sleep latency and increased the sleep duration of mice, suggesting strain-specific sleep-improving effects of PS150TM. Moreover, the ingestion of diphenhydramine, an antihistamine used to treat insomnia, as a drug control group, only increased the sleep duration of mice. We also found that the sleep-improving effects of PS150TM are time- and dose-dependent. Furthermore, the oral administration of PS150TM could attenuate a caffeine-induced sleep disturbance in mice, and PS150TM appeared to increase the expression of the gene encoding the adenosine 1 receptor in the hypothalamus of mice, as assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Taken together, our results present a potential application of PS150TM as a dietary supplement for sleep improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Chung Mei Biopharma Co., Ltd., Taichung 40453, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | - Ching-Ting Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Chieh Tsai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
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Evodiamine alleviates kidney ischemia reperfusion injury in rats: A biochemical and histopathological study. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:17159-17166. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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