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Evaluation of RET-He values as an early indicator of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2023; 45:52-57. [PMID: 34266811 PMCID: PMC9938494 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During pregnancy, women are at an increased risk of developing iron-deficiency anemia. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of the reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-He) in the early detection of iron-deficiency anemia in a group of pregnant women and to establish a reference range for this parameter in a group of control individuals. METHOD A total of 60 patients and 130 control subjects were included in the study. Blood samples collected from the subjects were submitted to a complete blood count and a serum ferritin test and the data were analyzed by comparing the groups and ROC curves. RESULTS The reference range found for the RET-He was between 29.75pg and 38.24pg, with a median of 35pg. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for the ferritin parameter showed an area under the curve of 0.732 for the RET-He, 0.586 for hemoglobin, 0.551 for the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and 0.482 for the mean corpuscular volume. CONCLUSION Early diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy is essential to prevent damage to both maternal and fetal health. The RET-He presents an excellent potential as an auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of iron deficiency in pregnant women.
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Schoorl M, Schoorl M. Effects of iron supplementation on microcytic and hypochromic red blood cells during the third trimester of pregnancy. Int J Lab Hematol 2022; 44:1060-1067. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margreet Schoorl
- Northwest Clinics, Department of Clinical Chemistry Hematology & Immunology Alkmaar The Netherlands
| | - Marianne Schoorl
- Northwest Clinics, Department of Clinical Chemistry Hematology & Immunology Alkmaar The Netherlands
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L van Pelt J, Klatte S, Hwandih T, Barcaru A, Riphagen IJ, Linssen J, Bakker SJL. Reference intervals for Sysmex XN hematological parameters as assessed in the Dutch Lifelines cohort. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:907-920. [PMID: 35487594 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to derive reference intervals for all Sysmex XN hematology analyzer parameters. The rationale behind the study was the lack of reference intervals for the XN analyzer cell population data (CPD) and functional parameters. METHODS Fresh fasting blood samples from 18,484 participants in the Dutch Lifelines study were analyzed using two automated XN analyzers. Structured health questionnaire data were used to select a subgroup of 15,803 apparently healthy individuals for inclusion in the reference population. The Latent Abnormal Values Exclusion (LAVE) approach was used to reduce the influence of latent diseases in the reference population on the resulting reference intervals. We applied analysis of variance to judge the need for partitioning of the reference intervals by sex or age. RESULTS We report reference intervals for 105 XN analyzer hematological parameters with and without applying LAVE. Sex-related partitioning was required for red blood cells, (RBC, RBC-O), hemoglobin (HGB, HGB-O), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), reticulocyte production index (RPI), and side scattered light intensity of the red blood cell population in the RET channel (RBC-Z). Partitioning for age was not warranted. Body mass index (BMI) and smoking had moderate influence on a minority of the parameters. CONCLUSIONS We provide reference intervals for all Sysmex XN analyzer routine, CPD and functional parameters, using a direct approach in a large cohort in the Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost L van Pelt
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Klatte
- Medical Science Department, Sysmex Europe GmbH, Norderstedt, Germany
| | - Talent Hwandih
- Medical Science Department, Sysmex Europe GmbH, Norderstedt, Germany
| | - Andrei Barcaru
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ineke J Riphagen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jo Linssen
- Medical Science Department, Sysmex Europe GmbH, Norderstedt, Germany
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Dennis K, Marera D, Were T. Determination of hematological response to iron and folic acid supplementation among the expectant mothers attending Kakamega County Referral Hospital, Kenya. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/ejh.ejh_10_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
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Lorinczova HT, Begum G, Renshaw D, Zariwala MG. Acute Administration of Bioavailable Curcumin Alongside Ferrous Sulphate Supplements Does Not Impair Iron Absorption in Healthy Adults in a Randomised Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072300. [PMID: 34371810 PMCID: PMC8308323 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferrous sulphate (FS) is a cost effective, readily available iron supplement for iron deficiency (ID). The pro-oxidant effect of oral ferrous iron is known to induce inflammation, causing gastric side-effects and resulting in poor compliance. Curcumin is a potent antioxidant and has also been shown to exhibit iron chelation in-vitro, although it is not established whether these effects are retained in-vivo. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the influence of a formulated bioavailable form of curcumin (HydroCurcTM; 500 mg) on acute iron absorption and status in a double blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial recruiting 155 healthy participants (79 males; 26.42 years ± 0.55 and 76 females; 25.82 years ± 0.54). Participants were randomly allocated to five different treatment groups: iron and curcumin placebo (FS0_Plac), low dose (18 mg) iron and curcumin placebo (FS18_Plac), low dose iron and curcumin (FS18_Curc), high dose (65 mg) iron and curcumin placebo (FS65_Plac), and high dose iron and curcumin (FS65_Curc). Participants were provided with the supplements according to their relevant treatment groups at baseline (0 min), and blood collection was carried out at 0 min and at 180 min following supplementation. In the treatment groups, significant difference was observed in mean serum iron between baseline (0 min) and at end-point (180 min) (F (1, 144) = 331.9, p < 0.0001) with statistically significant intra-group increases after 180 min (p < 0.0001) in the FS18_Plac (8.79 µmol/L), FS18_Curc (11.41 µmol/L), FS65_Plac (19.09 µmol/L), and FS65_Curc (16.39 µmol/L) groups. A significant difference was also observed between the two time points in serum TIBC levels and in whole blood haemoglobin (HGB) in the treatment groups, with a significant increase (1.55%/2.04 g/L) in HGB levels from baseline to end-point observed in the FS65_Curc group (p < 0.05). All groups receiving iron demonstrated an increase in transferrin saturation (TS%) in a dose-related manner, demonstrating that increases in serum iron are translated into increases in physiological iron transportation. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that regardless of ferrous dose, formulated curcumin in the form of HydroCurc™ does not negatively influence acute iron absorption in healthy humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Tiekou Lorinczova
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (H.T.L.); (G.B.)
| | - Gulshanara Begum
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (H.T.L.); (G.B.)
| | - Derek Renshaw
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Priory St, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK;
| | - Mohammed Gulrez Zariwala
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (H.T.L.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-20-7911-5000 (ext. 65086)
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Rajendran S, Bobby Z, Habeebullah S, Elizabeth Jacob S. Differences in the response to iron supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammation, and hematological parameters in nonanemic and anemic pregnant women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 35:465-471. [PMID: 32079433 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1722996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Iron supplementation is widely recommended for all pregnant women, irrespective of their iron status. But providing excess iron to nonanemic pregnant women can result in iron overload, which may lead to oxidative stress and inflammation.Objectives: To assess the differential effect of iron supplementation on hematological parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in nonanemic and anemic pregnant women.Methods: Forty nonanemic and forty anemic pregnant women were recruited at 12 weeks of gestation. The study subjects were supplemented with iron (60 mg/day for nonanemic pregnant women and 120 mg/day for anemic pregnant women). Fasting state blood samples were collected at 12 and 28 weeks of gestation.Results: Malondialdehyde (MDA)/total antioxidant status (TAS) ratio (MDA/TAS) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were significantly higher in anemic pregnant women before iron supplementation. Iron supplementation to the anemic pregnant women resulted in significant improvement in the hematological profile and ferritin levels. Further, the iron supplementation caused a significant reduction in hsCRP levels although the MDA/TAS ratio remained unaltered. Iron supplementation to nonanemic pregnant women resulted in a significant increase in the levels of MDA/TAS ratio and hsCRP, but there were no changes in hematological profile and serum ferritin levels.Conclusion: Prophylactic iron supplementation in nonanemic pregnant women increased oxidative stress and inflammation. However, in anemic pregnant women, iron supplementation was found to be beneficial as it improved hematological status and decreased inflammation without affecting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryapriya Rajendran
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Zachariah Bobby
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Syed Habeebullah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Sajini Elizabeth Jacob
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Chinudomwong P, Binyasing A, Trongsakul R, Paisooksantivatana K. Diagnostic performance of reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent in assessing the iron status. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23225. [PMID: 32043622 PMCID: PMC7307362 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Measurement of reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET‐He) is rapid, convenient, and cost‐effective. Yet, researches on its performance in diagnosing iron deficiency with concurrent inflammation are limited. Hence, this study investigated RET‐He value in various states, including inflammation, and evaluated its diagnostic performance in iron status assessment. Methods Retrospectively, 953 clinical data and laboratory results—complete blood count, reticulocyte count, RET‐He, and serum ferritin—were reviewed. Patients on iron therapy were excluded. Iron status was defined by serum ferritin as the reference method. RET‐He among populations was investigated. Its diagnostic performance and optimal cutoff were determined by ROC analysis. Results Three population groups were classified: healthy control, iron deficiency anemia (IDA), and non‐ID anemia. Significantly, RET‐He value in IDA was lower than that of healthy control, anemia of inflammation, and chronic kidney disease (P < .0001). Low RET‐He was also observed in IDA with concomitant inflammation despite normal‐to‐high serum ferritin levels. No significant difference was observed between RET‐He values in pure IDA and thalassemia (P = .57). ROC curve analysis revealed AUC of 0.876 (P < .0001) at cutoff 30 pg, by which IDA was discriminated with 74.2% sensitivity and 97.4% specificity. Applying cutoff ≤30 pg, IDA can be diagnosed with 96% sensitivity, 97.4% specificity, 80% PPV, and 99.6% NPV. Hence, RET‐He >30 pg signifies a non‐IDA state. Conclusion In addition to convenience and cost‐effectiveness, RET‐He cutoff >30 pg can be potentially used to exclude IDA due to its excellent diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawadee Chinudomwong
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aleeyas Binyasing
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rangsiri Trongsakul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Karan Paisooksantivatana
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Onuekwuzu IM, Chidinma IC, Chigozie IJ. Modulation of Hematological Indices of Normal and Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits by Aqueous Extract of Pleurotus tuberregium Sclerotia. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2019; 20:380-387. [PMID: 31544706 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190809155506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ability of an aqueous extract of the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuberregium to modulate hematological parameters was investigated in normal and alloxan treated rabbits. METHODS The extract was subjected to atomic absorption spectrophotometric and flame ionization detector-coupled-gas chromatographic (GC-FID) analysis. Diabetes mellitus was induced by a 120 mg/kg body weight intravenous injection of alloxan. Metformin was orally administered at 50 mg/kg, while the extract was administered (both to normal and diabetic rabbits) at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg. RESULTS Analysis of the extract showed that it had high contents of calcium, magnesium, manganese and potassium. Eleven known glycosides were detected, comprising mainly of amygdalin (37.7%), digoxin (14.4%), dhurrin (14.0%), linamarin (13.6%), prunasin (10.8%) and digitoxin (8.4%). Also detected were twelve known saponins, consisting mainly of sapogenin (40.3%) and neochlorogenin (21.8%); and twelve known lignans, consisting mainly of matairesinol (59.7%), secoisolariciresinol (20.9%) and lariciresinol (14.9%). Compared to the Diabetic control, the hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width; and red cell, total white cell, lymphocytes, granulocytes and platelet counts of the treated groups were significantly (p<0.05) higher. CONCLUSION The above result showed that the extract had a positive effect on the hemopoietic system of the treated animals, at least at the doses at which it was administered in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeanacho M Onuekwuzu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Ikewuchi C Chidinma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Ikewuchi J Chigozie
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
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Nimker S, Sharma K, Saraswathy R, Chandna S. Delineating the Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Erythropoietic Lineage-Implications for Radiation Biodosimetry. HEALTH PHYSICS 2019; 116:677-693. [PMID: 30720544 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000000975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The overall lethality/morbidity of ionizing radiation exposure involves multiple forms of inhibitory or cytotoxic effects that may manifest in different tissues with a varying dose and time response. One of the major systemic effects leading to lethality of radiation includes its suppressive effect on hematopoiesis, which could be observed even at doses as low as 1-2 Gy, whereas effects on gastrointestinal and nervous systems appear at relatively higher doses in the same order. This article reviews the effects of radiation on the three distinct stages of erythropoiesis-formation of erythroid progenitor cells, differentiation of erythroid precursor cells, and terminal maturation. During these stepwise developmental processes, erythroid progenitor cells undergo rapid expansion to form terminally differentiated red blood cells that are continuously replenished from bone marrow into the circulating peripheral blood stream. Cellular radiation response depends upon many factors such as cell lineage, rate of proliferation, and differentiation status. Therefore, we discuss radiation-induced alterations during the progenitor, precursor, and terminal maturation stages and the implications thereof. Since biomarkers of ionizing radiation exposure in human populations are of great interest for assessing normal tissue injury as well as for biodosimetry in the event of accidental or incidental radiation exposures, we also highlight blood-based biomarkers that have potential utility for medical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shwetanjali Nimker
- Division of Natural Radiation Response Mechanisms, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi, India
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institiute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kanupriya Sharma
- Division of Natural Radiation Response Mechanisms, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Radha Saraswathy
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institiute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sudhir Chandna
- Division of Natural Radiation Response Mechanisms, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi, India
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Paliogiannis P, Zinellu A, Mangoni AA, Capobianco G, Dessole S, Cherchi PL, Carru C. Red blood cell distribution width in pregnancy: a systematic review. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2019; 28:030502. [PMID: 30429667 PMCID: PMC6214699 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2018.030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Anisocytosis has been associated with the severity and prognosis of several acute and chronic diseases, as well as physiological conditions such as pregnancy. Anisocytosis is quantified by the red blood cell distribution width (RDW), expressed as the ratio, multiplied by 100, between the standard deviation (SD) of red blood cell volumes and the mean corpuscular volume, or as the SD of erythrocyte volumes (RDW-SD). The aim of the present review was to report the state of the art on the physiological values and the putative diagnostic and prognostic roles of RDW in complicated pregnancy. Literature research for articles published in the last ten years was conducted in Pubmed, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Scopus databases. Abstracts were independently screened by two investigators. If relevant, full articles were retrieved. References, in these articles, citing relevant reviews or original studies were also accessed to identify additional eligible studies. Any disagreement between the reviewers was resolved by a third investigator. A total of 28 studies were included in the review. These studies reported changes in RDW values during physiological pregnancy, and associations between the RDW and several pregnancy complications including anaemia, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and recurrent miscarriage. This review provides background information for establishing physiological and pathological RDW values in pregnancy for diagnostic and prognostic use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A Mangoni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Giampiero Capobianco
- Department of Clinical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Dessole
- Department of Clinical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Cherchi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Baart A, Balvers MG, Hopman MT, Eijsvogels TM, Klein Gunnewiek JM, van Kampen CA. Reticulocyte hemoglobin content in a large sample of the general Dutch population and its relation to conventional iron status parameters. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 483:20-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Levy S, Schapkaitz E. The clinical utility of new reticulocyte and erythrocyte parameters on the Sysmex XN 9000 for iron deficiency in pregnant patients. Int J Lab Hematol 2018; 40:683-690. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shani Levy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Hematology; University of Witwatersrand Medical School; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Elise Schapkaitz
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Hematology; University of Witwatersrand Medical School; Johannesburg South Africa
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Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent as a potential marker for diagnosis of iron deficiency. Int J Hematol 2017; 106:116-125. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-017-2212-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Al‐Ghananim RT, Nalbant D, Schmidt RL, Cress GA, Zimmerman MB, Widness JA. Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content During the First Month of Life in Critically Ill Very Low Birth Weight Neonates Differs From Term Infants, Children, and Adults. J Clin Lab Anal 2016; 30:326-34. [PMID: 25968472 PMCID: PMC4644110 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reticulocyte hemoglobin content (RET-He)-an established indicator of iron status in children and adults-was determined in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. METHODS Longitudinal retrospective RET-He data in 26 VLBW neonates during the first month of age were compared with: (a) concurrent complete blood counts (CBCs), including hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, reticulocyte count, and immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF), and erythropoietin (EPO) levels; (b) clinical variables; and (c) RET-He data from the literature for term infants, children, and adults. RESULTS RET-He within 24 hr following birth was 31.8 ± 1.1 pg (mean ± SEM). This was followed by an abrupt, significant decline to 28.3 ± 1.1 pg at 2-4 days, and to steady state levels of 28.4 ± 0.5 pg thereafter. The changes in RET-He were mirrored by changes in plasma EPO, reticulocyte count, and IRF, but not Hb. Steady state RET-He values after 4 days were significantly lower than RET-He values for term infants, children, and adults (31.6 ± 0.11, 32.0 ± 0.12, and 33.0 ± 0.13 pg, respectively). CONCLUSION Although RET-He values in VLBW infant were lower than term infants, children, and adults, the significance and mechanism(s) responsible are unknown. The present VLBW infant data are relevant to investigations assessing hemoglobinization following treatment with recombinant human EPO (r-HuEPO) and/or iron.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Demet Nalbant
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Iowa College of MedicineIowa CityIowa
| | - Robert L. Schmidt
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Iowa College of MedicineIowa CityIowa
| | - Gretchen A. Cress
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Iowa College of MedicineIowa CityIowa
| | - M. Bridget Zimmerman
- Department of BiostatisticsCollege of Public HealthUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowa
| | - John A. Widness
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Iowa College of MedicineIowa CityIowa
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Peerschke EIB, Pessin MS, Maslak P. Using the hemoglobin content of reticulocytes (RET-He) to evaluate anemia in patients with cancer. Am J Clin Pathol 2014; 142:506-12. [PMID: 25239418 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpcvz5b0boyjgn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluation of anemia, particularly iron deficiency, in patients with cancer is difficult. This study examined using the hemoglobin content of reticulocytes (RET-He) to rule out iron deficiency, as defined by serum iron studies (transferrin saturation <20%, serum iron <40 μg/dL, and ferritin <100 ng/mL), in an unselected cancer patient population. METHODS Patients were entered into the study based on the existence of concurrent laboratory test requests for CBC and serum iron studies. RESULTS Using a threshold of 32 pg/cell, RET-He ruled out iron deficiency with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 98.5% and 100%, respectively, in the study population (n = 209) and in a subpopulation of patients with low reticulocyte counts (n = 19). In comparison, the NPV of traditional CBC parameters (hemoglobin, <11 g/dL; mean corpuscular volume, <80 fL) was only 88.5%. CONCLUSIONS These results support the use of RET-He in the evaluation of iron deficiency in a cancer care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellinor I. B. Peerschke
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | | | - Peter Maslak
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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