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Karunakaran U, Ha EY, Elumalai S, Won KC, Moon JS. Mitochondrial ALDH2 improves ß-cell survival and function against doxorubicin-induced apoptosis by targeting CK2 signaling. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:684-692. [PMID: 38713732 PMCID: PMC11143424 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to better understand how the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin contributes to the development of β-cell dysfunction and to explore its relationship with mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2). MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to investigate this hypothesis, doxorubicin was administered to INS-1 cells, a rat insulinoma cell line, either with or without several target protein activators and inhibitors. ALDH2 activity was detected with a commercial kit and protein levels were determined with western blot. Mitochondrial ROS, membrane potential, and lipid ROS were determined by commercial fluorescent probes. The cell viability was measured by CCK-assay. RESULTS Exposure of INS-1 cells to doxorubicin decreased active insulin signaling resulting in elevated ALDH2 degradation, compared with control cells by the induction of acid sphingomyelinase mediated ceramide induction. Further, ceramide induction potentiated doxorubicin induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Treatment with the ALDH2 agonist, ALDA1, blocked doxorubicin-induced acid sphingomyelinase activation which significantly blocked ceramide induction and mitochondrial dysfunction mediated cell death. Treatment with the ALDH2 agonist, ALDA1, stimulated casein kinase-2 (CK2) mediated insulin signaling activation. CK2 silencing neutralized the function of ALDH2 in the doxorubicin treated INS-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial ALDH2 activation could inhibit the progression of doxorubicin induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction by inhibiting the acid sphingomyelinase induction of ceramide, by regulating the activation of CK2 signaling. Our research lays the foundation of ALDH2 activation as a therapeutic target for the precise treatment of chemotherapy drug induced β-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayakumar Karunakaran
- Institute of Medical ScienceYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Ha
- Department of Internal MedicineYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
- Department of Internal MedicineKeimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Suma Elumalai
- Institute of Medical ScienceYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- Institute of Medical ScienceYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
- Department of Internal MedicineYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Jun Sung Moon
- Institute of Medical ScienceYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
- Department of Internal MedicineYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
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Kim EB, Jeon HY, Ouh YT, Lee AJ, Moon CH, Na SH, Ha KS. Proinsulin C-peptide inhibits high glucose-induced migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116232. [PMID: 38310652 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Proinsulin C-peptide, a biologically active polypeptide released from pancreatic β-cells, is known to prevent hyperglycemia-induced microvascular leakage; however, the role of C-peptide in migration and invasion of cancer cells is unknown. Here, we investigated high glucose-induced migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells and the inhibitory effects of human C-peptide on metastatic cellular responses. In SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells, high glucose conditions activated a vicious cycle of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and transglutaminase 2 (TGase2) activation through elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels. TGase2 played a critical role in high glucose-induced ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion through β-catenin disassembly. Human C-peptide inhibited high glucose-induced disassembly of adherens junctions and ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion through inhibition of ROS generation and TGase2 activation. The preventive effect of C-peptide on high glucose-induced ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion was further demonstrated in ID8 murine ovarian cancer cells. Our findings suggest that high glucose conditions induce the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells, and human C-peptide inhibits these metastatic responses by preventing ROS generation, TGase2 activation, and subsequent disassembly of adherens junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Bin Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24341, South Korea
| | - Hye-Yoon Jeon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24341, South Korea; Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Kangwon National University Chuncheon Campus, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24341, South Korea
| | - Yung-Taek Ouh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24341, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15355, Korea
| | - Ah-Jun Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24341, South Korea
| | - Chan-Hee Moon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24341, South Korea
| | - Sung Hun Na
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24341, South Korea
| | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24341, South Korea.
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Jun SY, Cho S, Kim MJ, Park JW, Ryoo SB, Jeong SY, Park KJ, Shin A. Glycemic traits and colorectal cancer survival in a cohort of South Korean patients: A Mendelian randomization analysis. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7084. [PMID: 38477501 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical diabetic traits have been reported to be associated with increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in observational studies. Using the Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis method, we examined the causal association between glycemic traits, such as fasting glucose (FG), fasting insulin (FI), and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and survival in a cohort of CRC patients. METHODS We conducted a two-sample MR analysis among a cohort of patients with locally advanced CRC at Seoul National University Hospital. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms robustly associated (p < 5 × 10-8 ) with the three glycemic traits were obtained from the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium, Asian Genetic Epidemiology Network, and Korea Biobank Array. Three-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were used as outcomes. Survival analysis was conducted using subgroup analysis by cancer stage and subsite in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age and sex to examine whether glycemic traits affected survival. RESULTS A total of 509 patients were included in our final analysis. MR analysis showed that HbA1c levels were associated with poor 3-year OS (β = 4.20, p = 0.02). Sensitivity analyses did not show evidence of any violations of the MR assumptions. In the cancer subgroup analysis of the Cox proportional hazards model, pooled hazard ratios for FG were significantly associated with poor 3-year OS and PFS regardless of cancer stage. FI was not significantly associated with any 3-year survival endpoints. Among Stage III patients, three glycemic traits were significantly associated with both 5-year OS and PFS. Location-specific subgroup analysis showed a significant association between three glycemic traits and 5-year PFS in patients with left-sided colon cancer. FG was associated with poor 3-year survival for colon cancer but not rectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that FG and HbA1c could be used to predict prognosis in CRC patients. Lifestyle and/or pharmacological interventions targeting glycemic traits could help improve survival for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yon Jun
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyoung Cho
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Medical Research Center, Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Bum Ryoo
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yong Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Joo Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Medical Research Center, Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Yang LS, Yan LJ, Meng GX, Ding ZN, Yao SY, Li HC, Dong ZR, Chen ZQ, Hong JG, Li T. The Association of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Daily Carbohydrates Intake with the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:461-469. [PMID: 36411493 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2149822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) and daily carbohydrates intake have been associated with a variety of cancers, but their implications in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain controversial. The purpose of our study is to investigate the association of GI, GL and daily carbohydrates intake with the risk of HCC. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science until November 2020. According to the degree of heterogeneity, random effect model or fixed effect model was chosen to obtain the pooled relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Four cohort studies and three case-control studies were eventually included. The pooled results showed no significant association of GI (RR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.80-1.53), GL (RR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.76-1.55), and daily carbohydrates intake (RR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.84-1.32) with the risk of HCC in the general population. Subgroup analysis revealed that in hepatitis B virus (HBV) or/and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive group, GI was irrelevant to the risk of HCC (RR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.32-1.32), while a high GL diet was associated with a higher risk of HCC (RR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.04-2.23). In contrast, in HBV and HCV-negative group, both GI (RR = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.88-1.70) and GL (RR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.83-1.64) were not associated with the risk of HCC. Conclusion: A high GL diet increases the risk of HCC in those with viral hepatitis. A low GL diet is recommended for them to reduce the risk of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Shan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Lun-Jie Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Xiao Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Niu Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Yu Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Chao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Ru Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Guo Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
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Mitroi AF, Leopa N, Dumitru E, Dumitru A, Tocia C, Popescu I, Mitroi A, Popescu RC. TCF7L2, CASC8, and GREM1 polymorphism and colorectal cancer in south-eastern Romanian population. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33056. [PMID: 36800588 PMCID: PMC9936048 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease with an increasing trend and with multiple epigenetic alterations and different molecular features, a major cause of mortality and morbidity. The Wnt/β-Catenin pathway is involved in multiple aspects of cell dynamics, architecture of developing gastrointestinal tissues, and intestinal tissue homeostasis in adults, but its aberrant activity plays an important role in every aspect of colorectal carcinogenesis. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of the TCF7L2 rs7903146, CASC8 rs6983267, and Gremlin1 (GREM1) rs16969681 polymorphism in patients with CRC without other pathologies. A case-control study conducted on 31 patients diagnosed with CRC and 30 healthy controls age and sex-matched with the patients. Real time PCR was used to determine the genotypes of rs7903146, rs698267, rs1696981. We observed no association between rs6983267 and rs16969681 polymorphism and risk of CRC and low association between TCF7L2, rs7903146, polymorphism and risk of CRC. The recessive model of the TCF7L2 rs7903146 had an OR of 1.6 (95% CI 0.058-4.414, P < .05) which means that TT genotype increased the risk and possibility of development of CRC. Our study did not confirm a significant association between TCF7L2 rs7903146, CASC8 rs6983267, and GREM1 rs16969681 with CRC, but emphasizes the possibility of existence of a high risk of CRC development in patients with TT genotype of rs7903146.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Florentina Mitroi
- Department of Pathology, Emergency Hospital of Constanța, Romania
- Ovidius University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Constanta, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Leopa
- Ovidius University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Constanta, Romania
- Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Constanța, Romania
- * Correspondence: Nicoleta Leopa, Ovidius University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Constanta, 900470, Romania (e-mail: )
| | - Eugen Dumitru
- Ovidius University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Constanta, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, Emergency Hospital of Constanța, Romania
| | - Andrei Dumitru
- Ovidius University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Constanta, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, Emergency Hospital of Constanța, Romania
| | - Cristina Tocia
- Ovidius University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Constanta, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, Emergency Hospital of Constanța, Romania
| | - Ioana Popescu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Emergency Hospital of Constanța, Romania
| | - Adrian Mitroi
- Ovidius University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Constanta, Romania
| | - Răzvan Cătălin Popescu
- Ovidius University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Constanta, Romania
- Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Constanța, Romania
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Acar Çevik U, Celik I, Paşayeva L, Fatullayev H, Bostancı HE, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. New benzimidazole-oxadiazole derivatives: Synthesis, α-glucosidase, α-amylase activity, and molecular modeling studies as potential antidiabetic agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200663. [PMID: 36760015 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Benzimidazole-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives (5a-z) were synthesized and characterized with different spectroscopic techniques such as 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and HRMS. The synthesized analogs were examined against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes to determine their antidiabetic potential. Compounds 5g and 5q showed the most activity with 35.04 ± 1.28 and 47.60 ± 2.16 µg/mL when compared with the reference drug acarbose (IC50 = 54.63 ± 1.95 µg/mL). Compounds 5g, 5o, 5s, and 5x were screened against the α-amylase enzyme and were found to show excellent potential, with IC50 values ranging from 22.39 ± 1.40 to 32.07 ± 1.55 µg/mL, when compared with the standard acarbose (IC50 = 46.21 ± 1.49 µg/mL). The antioxidant activities of the effective compounds (5o, 5g, 5s, 5x, and 5q) were evaluated by TAS methods. A molecular docking research study was conducted to identify the active site and explain the functions of the active chemicals. To investigate the most likely binding mode of the substances 5g, 5o, 5q, 5s, and 5x, a molecular dynamics simulation was also carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulviye Acar Çevik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Leyla Paşayeva
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hanifa Fatullayev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hayrani E Bostancı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Zafer A Kaplancıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, Bannuru RR, Brown FM, Bruemmer D, Collins BS, Cusi K, Hilliard ME, Isaacs D, Johnson EL, Kahan S, Khunti K, Leon J, Lyons SK, Perry ML, Prahalad P, Pratley RE, Seley JJ, Stanton RC, Gabbay RA, on behalf of the American Diabetes Association. 4. Comprehensive Medical Evaluation and Assessment of Comorbidities: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:S49-S67. [PMID: 36507651 PMCID: PMC9810472 DOI: 10.2337/dc23-s004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Care in Diabetes" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations and a full list of Professional Practice Committee members, please refer to Introduction and Methodology. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
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Nawaz M, Taha M, Qureshi F, Ullah N, Selvaraj M, Shahzad S, Chigurupati S, Abubshait SA, Ahmad T, Chinnam S, Hisaindee S. Synthesis, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition and molecular docking studies of indazole derivatives. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:10730-10740. [PMID: 34463216 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1947892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and inhibitory potential of indazole (Methyl 1H-indazole-4-carboxylate) derivatives (1-13) against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. The described derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory potential with IC50 values, ranging between 15.04 ± 0.05 to 76.70 ± 0.06 µM ± SEM for α-amylase and 16.99 ± 0.19 to 77.97 ± 0.19 µM ± SEM for α-glucosidase, respectively. In particular, compounds (8-10 and 12) displayed significant inhibitory activities against both the screened enzymes, with their inhibitory potential comparable to the standard acarbose (12.98 ± 0.03 and 12.79 ± 0.17 µM ± SEM, respectively). Additionally, the influence of different substituents on enzyme inhibition activities was assessed to study the structure activity relationships. Molecular docking simulations were performed to rationalize the binding of derivatives/compounds with enzymes. All the synthesized derivatives (1-13) were characterized with the aid of spectroscopic instruments such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HR-MS, elemental analysis and FTIR.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiza Qureshi
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.,Deanship of Scientific Research, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nisar Ullah
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manikandan Selvaraj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sumaira Shahzad
- School of Business Administration, College of International Education, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sridevi Chigurupati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar A Abubshait
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Basic & Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tauqir Ahmad
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sampath Chinnam
- Department of Chemistry, B.M.S. College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Soleiman Hisaindee
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
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Dhakshayani GM, Priya SJA. A comparative study of phytochemical, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antidiabetic potential of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.): Microgreen and mature plant. FOODS AND RAW MATERIALS 2022. [DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2022-2-539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microgreens are immature edible leafy greens with a higher concentration of phytonutrients than in mature leaves, which makes them a novel functional food. This research featured antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antidiabetic properties of coriander microgreens.
Aqueous and ethanolic extractions of coriander microgreens and mature leaves underwent a phytochemical analysis of antioxidant potential using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) free radical method and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The analysis of antidiabetic and anticarcinogenic properties included the method of α-amylase enzyme inhibition and the MTT colorimetric assay.
The screening test inferred the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, carbohydrates, and proteins in both microgreens and mature leaves. The quantitative analysis showed that the ethanolic extract of the microgreen sample exhibited higher total phenols. Total flavonoids, steroids, carbohydrates, and proteins were higher both in microgreen extracts, if compared with those of mature leaves. Ascorbic acid, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and carotenoids demonstrated a more substantial presence in mature leaves. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of coriander microgreens revealed such bioactive compounds as thienopyrimidines, phenolic amide, imidazo pyridazine, phenolic constituents, and essential oil. Mature leaves were rich in phenolic compounds, steroids, terpenoids, essential oils, and fatty acid esters. All these substances are known for their therapeutic antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticarcinogenic properties. The microgreen samples exhibited greater ferric reducing antioxidant power, α-amylase enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxicity activity at a lower concentration of extract than mature leaves.
Coriander microgreens proved to have a promising antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antidiabetic potential and can be used in daily food additives.
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Cătălin Popescu R, Leopa N, Dumitru E, Mitroi A, Tocia C, Dumitru A, Brînzan C, Botea F. Influence of type II diabetes mellitus on postoperative complications following colorectal cancer surgery. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:611. [PMID: 36160911 PMCID: PMC9469087 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis through complex processes and is considered as an independent risk factor for cancer in general and for CRC in particular. Diabetic patients have complications in the postoperative period following CRC surgery. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of type II DM (T2DM) on postoperative outcomes for CRC compared with non-diabetic patients. The present study analyzed the data from patients admitted to the General Surgery Department, Emergency Hospital of Constanța (Romania) diagnosed with CRC and DM compared with a control group (patients with CRC, without DM, recruited in the same period and frequency matched to cases by number, sex and age) analyzing patient comorbidities and postoperative complications. A total of 61 patients had undergone surgery for CRC and met the inclusion criteria in the present study conducted during September 2020-2021. A total of 30 patients associated T2DM. Diabetic patients have been associated with more comorbidities than non-diabetics; the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index score ≥6 was identified in 90% of diabetic patients compared with 45.2% of controls. Grade III Clavien-Dindo classification was observed in 13.3% diabetic patients compared with 3.2% of non-diabetic patients. Additionally, a higher rate of urinary and pulmonary complications (6.7 vs. 3.2% in controls respectively) in patients with diabetes was found. Postoperative hospitalization was prolonged in diabetic patients (P=0.042). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the laparoscopic approach for diabetic patients was found to be associated with <grade III Clavien-Dindo classification (P=0.040) and the absence of surgical site infection (P=0.040). Diabetes predisposes patients to numerous postoperative complications following CRC surgery and postoperative therapeutic conduct must be personalized to prevent possible postoperative complications following CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Răzvan Cătălin Popescu
- Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Constanța, 900591 Constanța, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Leopa
- Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Constanța, 900591 Constanța, Romania
| | - Eugen Dumitru
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Constanta, Ovidius University, 900470 Constanța, Romania
| | - Anca Mitroi
- Department of Pathology, Emergency Hospital of Constanța, 900591 Constanța, Romania
| | - Cristina Tocia
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Constanta, Ovidius University, 900470 Constanța, Romania
| | - Andrei Dumitru
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Constanta, Ovidius University, 900470 Constanța, Romania
| | - Costel Brînzan
- Department of Pathology, Emergency Hospital of Constanța, 900591 Constanța, Romania
| | - Florin Botea
- Dan Setlacec Center of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
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11
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Berisha A, Shutkind K, Borniger JC. Sleep Disruption and Cancer: Chicken or the Egg? Front Neurosci 2022; 16:856235. [PMID: 35663547 PMCID: PMC9160986 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.856235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a nearly ubiquitous phenomenon across the phylogenetic tree, highlighting its essential role in ensuring fitness across evolutionary time. Consequently, chronic disruption of the duration, timing, or structure of sleep can cause widespread problems in multiple physiological systems, including those that regulate energy balance, immune function, and cognitive capacity, among others. Many, if not all these systems, become altered throughout the course of cancer initiation, growth, metastatic spread, treatment, and recurrence. Recent work has demonstrated how changes in sleep influence the development of chronic diseases, including cancer, in both humans and animal models. A common finding is that for some cancers (e.g., breast), chronic disruption of sleep/wake states prior to disease onset is associated with an increased risk for cancer development. Additionally, sleep disruption after cancer initiation is often associated with worse outcomes. Recently, evidence suggesting that cancer itself can affect neuronal circuits controlling sleep and wakefulness has accumulated. Patients with cancer often report difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, and severe fatigue, during and even years after treatment. In addition to the psychological stress associated with cancer, cancer itself may alter sleep homeostasis through changes to host physiology and via currently undefined mechanisms. Moreover, cancer treatments (e.g., chemotherapy, radiation, hormonal, and surgical) may further worsen sleep problems through complex biological processes yet to be fully understood. This results in a “chicken or the egg” phenomenon, where it is unclear whether sleep disruption promotes cancer or cancer reciprocally disrupts sleep. This review will discuss existing evidence for both hypotheses and present a framework through which the interactions between sleep and cancer can be dissociated and causally investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Berisha
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
| | - Kyle Shutkind
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Jeremy C. Borniger
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeremy C. Borniger,
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12
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Aluganti Narasimhulu C, Singla DK. Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis enhances monocyte infiltration and adverse cardiac remodeling in diabetic animals. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:441-452. [PMID: 34932406 PMCID: PMC10720696 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cancer patients were treated with doxorubicin (DOX), a potent chemotherapeutic drug that induces cardiac toxicity; however, molecular mechanisms of cardiac toxicity in this specific disease progression in patients and animal models are completely unknown. Therefore, we designed a study to understand the effects of DOX-induced cardiac toxicity in diabetic animals and the involved pathophysiological mechanisms. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into four DOX- and diabetic (streptozotocin; STZ) - treated groups; control, STZ, DOX, and DOX+STZ. At day 14, animals were sacrificed, echocardiography was used to examine heart function, and heart and blood samples were collected to investigate apoptotic mechanisms (caspase 3, BAX, B-Cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl2)), inflammation, and cardiac remodeling. Our data shows a significant (p < 0.05) increase in glucose levels, apoptotic markers, and monocyte infiltration at the site of apoptosis and triggered inflammatory immune response (tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)), in DOX+STZ animals compared with control and experimental groups. We also observed significant (p < 0.05) increase in myofibrillar area, fibrosis, and significantly decreased (p < 0.05) cardiac function in DOX-treated diabetic animals compared with controls. In conclusion, our data suggest that DOX induces significantly increased apoptosis, fibrosis, and structural alterations in diabetic hearts compared with non-diabetic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakala Aluganti Narasimhulu
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Dinender K Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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13
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Garranzo-Asensio M, Solís-Fernández G, Montero-Calle A, García-Martínez JM, Fiuza MC, Pallares P, Palacios-Garcia N, García-Jiménez C, Guzman-Aranguez A, Barderas R. Seroreactivity Against Tyrosine Phosphatase PTPRN Links Type 2 Diabetes and Colorectal Cancer and Identifies a Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target. Diabetes 2022; 71:497-510. [PMID: 35040477 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) and diabetes are two of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide with dysregulated receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and strong co-occurrence correlation. Plasma autoantibodies represent a promising early diagnostic marker for both diseases before symptoms appear. In this study, we explore the value of autoantibodies against receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase-like N (PTPRN; full-length or selected domains) as diagnostic markers using a cohort of individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), CRC, or both diseases or healthy individuals. We show that PTPRN autoantibody levels in plasma discriminated between patients with T2D with and without CRC. Consistently, high PTPRN expression correlated with decreased survival of patients with CRC. Mechanistically, PTPRN depletion significantly reduced invasiveness of CRC cells in vitro and liver homing and metastasis in vivo by means of a dysregulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and a decrease of the insulin receptor signaling pathway. Therefore, PTPRN autoantibodies may represent a particularly helpful marker for the stratification of patients with T2D at high risk of developing CRC. Consistent with the critical role played by tyrosine kinases in diabetes and tumor biology, we provide evidence that tyrosine phosphatases such as PTPRN may hold potential as therapeutic targets in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Garranzo-Asensio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Solís-Fernández
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Montero-Calle
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel García-Martínez
- Area of Physiology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Carmen Fiuza
- Surgery Department, University Hospital Fundación Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Pallares
- Central Units, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Palacios-Garcia
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Custodia García-Jiménez
- Area of Physiology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Guzman-Aranguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Barderas
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Hao Q, Huang Z, Li Q, Liu D, Wang P, Wang K, Li J, Cao W, Deng W, Wu K, Su R, Liu Z, Vadgama J, Wu Y. A Novel Metabolic Reprogramming Strategy for the Treatment of Diabetes-Associated Breast Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102303. [PMID: 35023320 PMCID: PMC8867195 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is directly related to the risk of breast cancer (BC) occurrence and worsened BC prognosis. Currently, there are no specific treatments for diabetes-associated BC. This paper aims to understand the fundamental mechanisms of diabetes-induced BC progression and to develop personalized treatments. It reports a metabolic reprogramming strategy (MRS) that pharmaceutical induction of glucose import and glycolysis with metformin and NF-κB inhibitor (NF-κBi) while blocking the export of excessive lactate via inhibiting monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) leads to a metabolic crisis within the cancer cells. It demonstrates that the MRS shifts the metabolism of BC cells toward higher production of lactate, blocks lactate secretion, prompts intracellular acidification and induces significant cytotoxicity. Moreover, a novel MCT4 inhibitor CB-2 has been identified by structure-based virtual screening. A triple combination of metformin, CB-2, and trabectedin, a drug that impedes NF-κB signaling, strongly inhibits BC cells. Compared to normal glucose condition, MRS elicits more potent cancer cell-killing effects under high glucose condition. Animal model studies show that diabetic conditions promote the proliferation and progression of BC xenografts in nude mice and that MRS treatment significantly inhibits HG-induced BC progression. Therefore, inhibition of MCT4 combined with metformin/NF-κBi is a promising cancer therapy, especially for diabetes-associated BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyu Hao
- Division of Cancer Research and TrainingDepartment of Internal MedicineCharles Drew University of Medicine and ScienceDavid Geffen UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Zhimin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and ApoptosisMinistry of EducationDepartment of PathophysiologyShanghai Jiao‐Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
- Department of BioengineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
| | - Qun Li
- Department of OncologyShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200123China
| | - Dingxie Liu
- Bluewater Biotech LLCNew ProvidenceNJ07974USA
| | - Piwen Wang
- Division of Cancer Research and TrainingDepartment of Internal MedicineCharles Drew University of Medicine and ScienceDavid Geffen UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Breast CancerCancer CenterGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jieqing Li
- Division of Cancer Research and TrainingDepartment of Internal MedicineCharles Drew University of Medicine and ScienceDavid Geffen UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Department of Breast CancerCancer CenterGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou510080China
| | - Wei Cao
- Division of Cancer Research and TrainingDepartment of Internal MedicineCharles Drew University of Medicine and ScienceDavid Geffen UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Wenhong Deng
- Division of Cancer Research and TrainingDepartment of Internal MedicineCharles Drew University of Medicine and ScienceDavid Geffen UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Department of General SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430060China
| | - Ke Wu
- Division of Cancer Research and TrainingDepartment of Internal MedicineCharles Drew University of Medicine and ScienceDavid Geffen UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Rui Su
- College of EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano ScienceShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200120China
| | - Jay Vadgama
- Division of Cancer Research and TrainingDepartment of Internal MedicineCharles Drew University of Medicine and ScienceDavid Geffen UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Yong Wu
- Division of Cancer Research and TrainingDepartment of Internal MedicineCharles Drew University of Medicine and ScienceDavid Geffen UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCA90095USA
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15
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4. Comprehensive Medical Evaluation and Assessment of Comorbidities: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:S46-S59. [PMID: 34964869 PMCID: PMC8935396 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-s004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SINT). Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
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16
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Alharbi SS. Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Different Types of Cancers: A Systematic Review. CLINICAL CANCER INVESTIGATION JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/trrtsjqjys] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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17
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Scuteri A. Characteristics that influence the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes in geriatric patients over 75. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 2021. [DOI: 10.36150/2499-6564-n448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Ren RJ, Huang Q, Xu G, Gu K, Dammer EB, Wang CF, Xie XY, Chen W, Shao ZY, Chen SD, Wang G. Association between Alzheimer's disease and risk of cancer: A retrospective cohort study in Shanghai, China. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 18:924-933. [PMID: 34482613 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the risk of cancer in the Chinese population. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to determine the correlation between AD and the risk of various cancers, as shown by hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Of 8097 AD patients, the HR for all subsequent cancers was 0.822 (95% CI, 0.728-0.928; P = .002). Among them, three specific cancers were associated with AD: lung cancer (HR, 0.656; 95% CI, 0.494- 0.871; P = .004), prostate and testicular cancer (HR, 0.414; 95% CI, 0.202-0.847; P = .016), and lymphoma (HR, 2.202; 95% CI, 1.005-4.826; P = .049). CONCLUSION Patients with AD might have a lower chance of developing several cancers, including lung cancer and prostate and testicular cancer. Meanwhile, a positive association between AD and a higher incident rate of lymphoma was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jing Ren
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Gu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Eric B Dammer
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chun-Fang Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yi Xie
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Information Center, Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Yi Shao
- Information Center, Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Di Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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19
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Zhang X, Wong VWS, Yip TCF, Tse YK, Liang LY, Hui VWK, Li GL, Chan HLY, Wong GLH. Colonoscopy and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Retrospective Territory-Wide Cohort Study. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:1212-1223. [PMID: 34278170 PMCID: PMC8279466 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The benefit of colonoscopy and/or polypectomy for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear. We aimed to estimate the incidence rate of CRC in patients with NAFLD who had and had not undergone colonoscopy. We conducted a retrospective territory-wide cohort study for patients aged over 40 years with NAFLD identified with the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2014. Patients were followed until CRC diagnosis, death, or December 31, 2017. We estimated CRC incidence and standardized incidence ratio (SIR) using the general population of Hong Kong as reference. We included 8,351 patients with NAFLD in the final analysis (median age, 56.2 years; interquartile ratio [IQR], 49.2-65.3 years; 45.4% male; median follow-up, 7.4 years; IQR, 5.4-9.6 years). Compared with the general population, patients with NAFLD who had not undergone colonoscopy had a higher incidence of CRC (SIR, 2.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64-2.88; P < 0.001). Patients with NAFLD who had undergone colonoscopy had a lower incidence of CRC (SIR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.37-0.75; P < 0.001), especially among those aged above 50 years or with diabetes mellitus (DM). Patients with NAFLD with a high fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score (>2.67) had a significantly higher risk of CRC after adjusting for demographic and metabolic factors. Conclusion: Patients with NAFLD who had undergone colonoscopy had a lower incidence of CRC than the general population, especially among those aged ≥50 years or with DM. A high FIB-4 index was associated with a higher risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Zhang
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Medical Data Analytic CenterThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Institute of Digestive DiseaseFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Medical Data Analytic CenterThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Institute of Digestive DiseaseFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Medical Data Analytic CenterThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Institute of Digestive DiseaseFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Yee-Kit Tse
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Medical Data Analytic CenterThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Institute of Digestive DiseaseFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Lilian Yan Liang
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Medical Data Analytic CenterThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Institute of Digestive DiseaseFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Vicki Wing-Ki Hui
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Medical Data Analytic CenterThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Institute of Digestive DiseaseFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Guan-Lin Li
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Medical Data Analytic CenterThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Institute of Digestive DiseaseFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Henry Lik-Yuen Chan
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Medical Data Analytic CenterThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Institute of Digestive DiseaseFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Grace Lai-Hung Wong
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Medical Data Analytic CenterThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina.,Institute of Digestive DiseaseFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
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20
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Ning W, Qiao N, Zhang X, Pei D, Wang W. Metabolic profiling analysis for clinical urine of colorectal cancer. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2021; 17:403-413. [PMID: 34164923 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To demonstrate the little-known metabolic changes and pathways in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS We used gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) to perform metabolic profiling of urine samples from 163 consecutive patients with CRC and 111 healthy controls without history of gastrointestinal tumors. The metabolic profiles were assayed using multivariate statistical analysis and one-way analysis of variance, and further analyzed to identify potential marker metabolites related to CRC. The GC-TOF/MS-derived models showed clear discriminations in metabolic profiles between the CRC group and healthy control group. RESULTS We demonstrated that 15 metabolites contributed to the differences. Among them, eleven metabolites were significantly upregulated, while other four metabolites were downregulated in the urine samples of CRC patients compared with healthy controls. Pathway analysis revealed changes in energy metabolism of patients with CRC, which are reflected in the upregulation of glycolysis and amino acid metabolism and the downregulation of lipid metabolism. Our study revealed the metabolic profile of urine from CRC patients and indicated that GC-TOF/MS-based methods can distinguish CRC from healthy controls. CONCLUSION GC-TOF/MS-based metabolomics has the potential to be developed into a novel, non-invasive, and painless clinical tool for CRC diagnosis, and may contribute to an improved understanding of disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Ning
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Qiao
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiyin Zhang
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongpo Pei
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyue Wang
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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21
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Shi B, Hu X, He H, Fang W. Metformin suppresses breast cancer growth via inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:615. [PMID: 34257723 PMCID: PMC8243079 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-clinical and on-going trials have indicated the advantage of using metformin as an anticancer drug alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutics for the treatment of patients with breast cancer. However, the mechanisms by which metformin attenuates tumorigenesis remain to be further elucidated. The present study investigated the anticancer effects of metformin in breast cancer and identified potential molecular targets of metformin using western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis. Metformin significantly decreased tumor cell proliferation in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, it induced the activation of AMP-induced protein kinase and suppression of phosphorylated-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (p-4E-BP1), a downstream effector of the mTOR signaling pathway, and decreased cyclin D1 levels in in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Additionally, metformin inhibited cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression. Clinically, high expression levels of COX-2 and p-4E-BP1 in tissues of patients with breast cancer were significantly associated with enhanced lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis. Thus, the current data suggested that metformin may have potential value as a synergistic therapy targeting both the COX-2 and mTOR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Fujian Medical University, East Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University (The 900th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese PLA), Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Longyan People's Hospital, Longyan, Fujian 364000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Fujian Medical University, East Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University (The 900th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese PLA), Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
| | - Huimin He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Fujian Medical University, East Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University (The 900th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese PLA), Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
| | - Wenzheng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Fujian Medical University, East Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University (The 900th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese PLA), Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
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22
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Ferreccio C, Huidobro A, Cortés S, Bambs C, Toro P, Van De Wyngard V, Acevedo J, Paredes F, Venegas P, Verdejo H, Oyarzún-González X, Cook P, Castro PF, Foerster C, Vargas C, Koshiol J, Araya JC, Cruz F, Corvalán AH, Quest AF, Kogan MJ, Lavandero S. Cohort Profile: The Maule Cohort (MAUCO). Int J Epidemiol 2021; 49:760-761i. [PMID: 32176288 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catterina Ferreccio
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Huidobro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Sandra Cortés
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Bambs
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Toro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vanessa Van De Wyngard
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Johanna Acevedo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Epidemiología, Ministerio de Salud, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabio Paredes
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pía Venegas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo Verdejo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Oyarzún-González
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Paz Cook
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Foerster
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Claudio Vargas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Matemáticas y Ciencias de la computación, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jill Koshiol
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Araya
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Francisco Cruz
- Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro H Corvalán
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew F Quest
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo J Kogan
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Química, Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Química, Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Química, Farmacología y Toxicología, Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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4. Comprehensive Medical Evaluation and Assessment of Comorbidities: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:S40-S52. [PMID: 33298415 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-s004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-SINT). Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
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24
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Thonsri U, Wongkham S, Wongkham C, Hino S, Nakao M, Roytrakul S, Koga T, Seubwai W. High glucose-ROS conditions enhance the progression in cholangiocarcinoma via upregulation of MAN2A2 and CHD8. Cancer Sci 2020; 112:254-264. [PMID: 33141432 PMCID: PMC7780024 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a major risk factor in the development and progression of several cancers including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, the molecular mechanism by which hyperglycemia potentiates progression of CCA is not clearly understood. Here, we showed that a high glucose condition significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and promoted aggressive phenotypes of CCA cells, including proliferation and migration activities. Mannosidase alpha class 2a member 2 (MAN2A2), was upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in a high glucose‐ and ROS‐dependent manner. In addition, cell proliferation and migration were significantly reduced by MAN2A2 knockdown. Based on our proteome and in silico analyses, we further found that chromodomain helicase DNA‐binding protein 8 (CHD8) was induced by ROS signaling and regulated MAN2A2 expression. Overexpression of CHD8 increased MAN2A2 expression, while CHD8 knockdown dramatically reduced proliferation and migration as well as MAN2A2 expression in CCA cells. Moreover, both MAN2A2 and CHD8 were highly expressed with positive correlation in CCA tumor tissues. Collectively, these data suggested that high glucose conditions promote CCA progression through ROS‐mediated upregulation of MAN2A2 and CHD8. Thus, glucose metabolism is a promising therapeutic target to control tumor progression in patients with CCA and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unchalee Thonsri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chaisiri Wongkham
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Shinjiro Hino
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Nakao
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Tomoaki Koga
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Wunchana Seubwai
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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25
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Kim YS, Choi EA, Lee JW, Kim Y, You HS, Han YE, Kim HS, Bae YJ, Kang HT, Kim J. Metformin use reduced the overall risk of cancer in diabetic patients: A study based on the Korean NHIS-HEALS cohort. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:1714-1722. [PMID: 32753274 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Several studies have reported the preventive effect of metformin on cancer development. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between use of metformin and risk of cancer in Koreans. METHODS AND RESULTS This study was designed retrospectively using the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort conducted between 2002 and 2015. 40 to 69-year-old subjects who received a health screening examination from 2002 to 2003 were enrolled. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cancer were estimated in a multivariate Cox proportional regression analysis. A total of 323,430 subjects was enrolled (301,905 individuals without diabetes [No DM], 8643 diabetic patients with metformin treatment [metformin users], and 12,882 diabetic patients without metformin treatment [metformin non-users]). The median follow-up period was 12.7 years. Cumulative incidence of overall cancer was 7.9% (7.7, 10.3, and 11.1% in No DM, metformin users and non-users, respectively). Compared to metformin non-users, the fully adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of metformin users and No DM for overall cancer incidence were 0.73 (0.66-0.81) and 0.75 (0.64-0.88), respectively, in men and 0.83 (0.78-0.89) and 0.81 (0.72-0.92) in women. CONCLUSIONS Diabetic patients receiving metformin treatment, and individuals without diabetes were at lower risk for cancer incidence than diabetic patients without metformin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Seul Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-A Choi
- Department of Information & Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghwan Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Sun You
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Eun Han
- Department of Information & Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Seop Kim
- Department of Information & Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Jong Bae
- Department of Information & Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Taik Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joungyoun Kim
- Department of Information & Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Al-Qahtani WS, Al-Olayan E, Albani FG, Suliman RS, Aljarba NH, Al-Humaidhi EM, Almurshedi AS, Domiaty DM, Alduwish MA, Al-Otaibi AM, Elasbali AM, Ahmed HG, Almutlaq BA. Utility of KRAS Gene and Clinicopathological Features in the Assessment of the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Etiology of Colon Cancer. Glob Med Genet 2020; 7:35-40. [PMID: 32939513 PMCID: PMC7490123 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer and diabetes have a tremendous impact on health globally. This study aimed to evaluate the KRAS gene in colon cancer tissues obtained from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods Data from 315 cases (156 colon diabetics and 159 patients were nondiabetics) were retrospectively retrieved. mRNA from surgically resected colon cancer tumors were also retrieved. Results The expression of KRAS mRNA was significantly higher in patients afflicted with T2DM than nondiabetic patients. The KRAS mRNA levels were significantly amplified from primary to metastatic lesions ( p < 0.001). Conclusion The association between T2DM and colon cancer was well-established in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wedad Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtesam Al-Olayan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Gh Albani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania Saad Suliman
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Hamad Aljarba
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - E M Al-Humaidhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanood S Almurshedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Manal Abdullah Alduwish
- Department of Biology, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, College of Science and Humanities, Alkarj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aljohara M Al-Otaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Gadelkarim Ahmed
- College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histopathology and Cytology, CMLS, University of Khartoum, Sudan
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27
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A clinical prediction nomogram to assess risk of colorectal cancer among patients with type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14359. [PMID: 32873885 PMCID: PMC7463255 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains a major health burden worldwide and is closely related to type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to develop and validate a colorectal cancer risk prediction model to identify high-risk individuals with type 2 diabetes. Records of 930 patients with type 2 diabetes were reviewed and data were collected from 1 November 2013 to 31 December 2019. Clinical and demographic parameters were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. The nomogram to assess the risk of colorectal cancer was constructed and validated by bootstrap resampling. Predictors in the prediction nomogram included age, sex, other blood-glucose-lowering drugs and thiazolidinediones. The nomogram demonstrated moderate discrimination in estimating the risk of colorectal cancer, with Hosmer-Lemeshow test P = 0.837, an unadjusted C-index of 0.713 (95% CI 0.670-0.757) and a bootstrap-corrected C index of 0.708. In addition, the decision curve analysis demonstrated that the nomogram would be clinically useful. We have developed a nomogram that can predict the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes. The nomogram showed favorable calibration and discrimination values, which may help clinicians in making recommendations about colorectal cancer screening for patients with type 2 diabetes.
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28
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Sexton RE, Hallak MNA, Uddin MH, Diab M, Azmi AS. Gastric Cancer Heterogeneity and Clinical Outcomes. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820935477. [PMID: 32799763 PMCID: PMC7432987 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820935477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma is a highly aggressive disease with poor overall survival.
The aggressive nature of this disease is in part due to the high intra and inter
tumoral heterogeneity and also due to the late diagnosis at presentation. Once
progression occurs, treatment is more difficult due to the adaptation of tumors,
which acquires resistance to commonly used chemotherapeutics. In this report,
using publicly available data sets and pathway analysis, we highlight the vast
heterogeneity of gastric cancer by investigating genes found to be significantly
perturbed. We found several upregulated genes in the diffuse gastric cancer
subtypes share similarity to gastric cancer as a whole which can be explained by
the increase in this subtype of gastric cancer throughout the world. We report
significant downregulation of genes that are underrepresented within the
literature, such as ADH7, GCNT2, and
LIF1, while other genes have not been explored within
gastric cancer to the best of our knowledge such as METTL7A,
MAL, CWD43, and SLC2A12.
We identified gender to be another heterogeneous component of this disease and
suggested targeted treatment strategies specific to this heterogeneity. In this
study, we provide an in-depth exploration of the molecular landscape of gastric
cancer in order to shed light onto novel areas of gastric cancer research and
explore potential new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Sexton
- Department of Oncology, 12267Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Md Hafiz Uddin
- Department of Oncology, 12267Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Maria Diab
- Department of Oncology, 12267Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, 12267Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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29
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Petrelli F, Ghidini M, Rausa E, Ghidini A, Cabiddu M, Borgonovo K, Ghilardi M, Parati MC, Pietrantonio F, Sganzerla P, Bossi AC. Survival of Colorectal Cancer Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis. Can J Diabetes 2020; 45:186-197.e2. [PMID: 33039329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an elevated risk of various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Similarly, pre-existing DM may also influence prognosis among patients with CRC. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between DM and risk of death and relapse after a diagnosis of CRC. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library and Embase were searched from inception until July 2019 for studies reporting prognosis of patients with DM and CRC. The primary outcome of the study refers to overall mortality in patients with vs without diabetes. Secondary endpoints were cancer-specific mortality and progression or relapse-free survival. The risk of death and relapse are reported as hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI), and an HR >1 was associated with worst outcome in patients with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. RESULTS Mortality and relapse associated with DM in patients with CRC were evaluated among 5,267,980 participants (total of 82 studies). Overall, concomitant diagnosis of CRC and DM were associated with an independent increased risk of overall mortality (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.25; p<0.01) and CSM (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.17; p<0.01). Patients were also at increased risk of relapse (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.16; p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS In CRC patients with DM, diabetes decreased survival and increased the risk of relapse. Adequate control of lifestyle choices, more intensive follow ups, use of some oral antidiabetics, dietary restrictions, physical activity and monitoring of diabetes-associated complications are measures for reducing mortality in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Petrelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, Bergamo, Italy.
| | - Michele Ghidini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rausa
- Surgical Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Mary Cabiddu
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Karen Borgonovo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Mara Ghilardi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Parati
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Filippo Pietrantonio
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, Milano, Italia
| | - Paolo Sganzerla
- Cardiology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Antonio Carlo Bossi
- Endocrine Diseases Unit‒Diabetes Regional Center, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, Bergamo, Italy
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30
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Kim SK, Jang JY, Kim DL, Rhyu YA, Lee SE, Ko SH, Han K, Song KH. Site-specific cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea. Korean J Intern Med 2020; 35:641-651. [PMID: 32392663 PMCID: PMC7214364 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2017.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We aimed to evaluate site-specific cancer risk in diabetic patients and to investigate causal and temporal relationships by analyzing organ-specific cancer risk according to the duration of diabetes. METHODS Using a database provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service, we conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study of adults aged ≥ 30 years from January 2005 to December 2013. To verify the possibility of detection bias or reverse causation, we compared hazard ratios (HRs) for each cancer according to the following duration of diabetes: less than 6 months, 6 months to 3 years, and more than 3 years. RESULTS The incidence of overall cancer per 1,000 person-years was higher in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes (20.36 vs. 10.83). The overall cancer risk according to the duration of diabetes was the highest within the first 6 months after diagnosis (HR, 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.99 to 2.07), and the HR decreased with the duration of diabetes, ranging from 1.19 (95% CI, 1.18 to 1.21) between 6 months and 3 years to 1.12 (95% CI, 1.11 to 1.13) after 3 years. Both overall cancer risk and HR remained significantly higher in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes. The risk for prostate cancer was higher in men with diabetes than in those without diabetes (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.14). In women, the risk for endometrial cancer was significantly higher in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes throughout the duration of diabetes. CONCLUSION The risk for stomach, colorectum, liver, pancreas, and kidney cancer appeared to be higher in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes regardless of the sex or duration of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Kyeong Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju-Young Jang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Lim Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young A Rhyu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suh Eun Lee
- Graduate School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Biostatistic, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Ho Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Kee-Ho Song, M.D. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05030, Korea Tel: +82-2-2030-7533 Fax: +82-2-2030-7748 E-mail:
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31
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Glycation Leads to Increased Polysialylation and Promotes the Metastatic Potential of Neuroblastoma Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040868. [PMID: 32252464 PMCID: PMC7226752 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the second most frequent extracranial tumor, affecting young children worldwide. One hallmark of tumors such as neuroblastomas, is the expression of polysialic acid, which interferes with adhesion and may promote invasion and metastasis. Since tumor cells use glycolysis for energy production, they thereby produce as side product methylglyoxal (MGO), which reacts with proteins to advanced glycation end products in a mechanism called glycation. Here we analyzed the expression of (poly) sialic acid and adhesion of Kelly neuroblastoma cells after glycation with MGO. We found that both sialylation and polysialylation is increased after glycation. Furthermore, glycated Kelly neuroblastoma cells had a much higher potential for migration and invasion compared with non-glycated cells.
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32
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Mphahlele MJ, Magwaza NM, Gildenhuys S, Setshedi IB. Synthesis, α-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant activity of the 7-carbo–substituted 5-bromo-3-methylindazoles. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103702. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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33
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Jeong E, Park N, Kim Y, Jeon JY, Chung WY, Yoon D. Temporal trajectories of accompanying comorbidities in patients with type 2 diabetes: a Korean nationwide observational study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5535. [PMID: 32218498 PMCID: PMC7099011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62482-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major concern globally and well known for increasing risk of complications. However, diabetes complications often remain undiagnosed and untreated in a large number of high-risk patients. In this study based on claims data collected in South Korea, we aimed to explore the diagnostic progression and sex- and age-related differences among patients with type 2 diabetes using time-considered patterns of the incidence of comorbidities that evolved after a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. This study compared 164,593 patients who met the full criteria for type 2 diabetes with age group-, sex-, encounter type-, and diagnosis date-matched controls who had not been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. We identified 76,423 significant trajectories of four diagnoses from the dataset. The top 30 trajectories with the highest average relative risks comprised microvascular, macrovascular, and miscellaneous complications. Compared with the trajectories of male groups, those of female groups included relatively fewer second-order nodes and contained hubs. Moreover, the trajectories of male groups contained diagnoses belonging to various categories. Our trajectories provide additional information about sex- and age-related differences in the risks of complications and identifying sequential relationships between type 2 diabetes and potentially complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Namgi Park
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujeong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Young Jeon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Wou Young Chung
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dukyong Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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No clear associations of adult BMI and diabetes mellitus with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer recurrence and progression. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229384. [PMID: 32210471 PMCID: PMC7094867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients are at high risk for tumour recurrence and progression, hence an intensive follow-up procedure is recommended which is costly. Identification of factors that are associated with the risk of recurrence and progression may enable personalized follow-up schedules. Obesity and diabetes mellitus may be associated with a worse prognosis, but the evidence is limited and inconsistent. Our objective was to determine the associations of BMI and diabetes mellitus with risks of recurrence and progression among non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients. Methods A population-based cohort of patients diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer between 1995 and 2010 was retrospectively identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and invited to participate in the Nijmegen Bladder Cancer Study (n = 1,433). Average weight during adult life, height, and diabetes mellitus diagnosis were self-reported by use of a questionnaire. Clinical follow-up data were retrieved from medical files. Associations were quantified using proportional hazard analyses. For all analyses, minimal adjustment sets were selected using a Directed Acyclic Graph. Results Fourteen percent of the patients indicated to be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, and more than half was overweight (45%) or obese (9%). Compared to healthy weight, overweight and obesity were not associated with risk of recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86–1.22, and HR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.76–1.38, respectively) and overall progression (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.74–1.44, and HR = 1.20; 95% CI: 0.69–2.09, respectively). Also, no clear associations of diabetes mellitus with risk of recurrence (HR = 1.22; 95% CI: 0.98–1.54) and overall progression (HR = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.76–1.76) were found. Conclusion Average BMI during adult life and diabetes mellitus were not clearly associated with risk of recurrence or progression in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Prospective cohort studies with detailed information on BMI and diabetes mellitus before and after diagnosis are needed to confirm these findings.
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4. Comprehensive Medical Evaluation and Assessment of Comorbidities: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020. Diabetes Care 2020; 43:S37-S47. [PMID: 31862747 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-s004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-SINT). Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
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Tentolouris A, Eleftheriadou I, Athanasakis K, Kyriopoulos J, Tsilimigras DI, Grigoropoulou P, Doupis J, Tentolouris N. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus as well as cardiac and other main comorbidities in a representative sample of the adult Greek population in comparison with the general population. Hellenic J Cardiol 2020; 61:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Suh S, Kim KW. Diabetes and Cancer: Cancer Should Be Screened in Routine Diabetes Assessment. Diabetes Metab J 2019; 43:733-743. [PMID: 31902143 PMCID: PMC6943263 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2019.0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence appears to be increased in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). DM represents a risk factor for cancer, particularly hepatocellular, hepatobiliary, pancreas, breast, ovarian, endometrial, and gastrointestinal cancers. In addition, there is evidence showing that DM is associated with increased cancer mortality. Common risk factors such as age, obesity, physical inactivity and smoking may contribute to increased cancer risk in patients with DM. Although the mechanistic process that may link diabetes to cancer is not completely understood yet, biological mechanisms linking DM and cancer are hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, increased bioactivity of insulin-like growth factor 1, oxidative stress, dysregulations of sex hormones, and chronic inflammation. However, cancer screening rate is significantly lower in people with DM than that in people without diabetes. Evidence from previous studies suggests that some medications used to treat DM are associated with either increased or reduced risk of cancer. However, there is no strong evidence supporting the association between the use of anti-hyperglycemic medication and specific cancer. In conclusion, all patients with DM should be undergo recommended age- and sex appropriate cancer screenings to promote primary prevention and early detection. Furthermore, cancer should be screened in routine diabetes assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghwan Suh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Kwang Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
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Effects of Aspirin or Clopidogrel on Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101468. [PMID: 31569587 PMCID: PMC6827090 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The effect of clopidogrel, whose mechanism of action differs from that of aspirin, on CRC risk remains unknown. We investigated the effects of clopidogrel and aspirin, either as monotherapy or combined, on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: We conducted a cohort study using Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Four groups comprising 218,903 patients using aspirin monotherapy, 20,158 patients using clopidogrel monotherapy, 42,779 patients using dual antiplatelet therapy, and 281,840 nonuser matched controls were created using propensity score matching. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the CRC risk during follow-up. Results: During the 13-year follow-up period, we found 9431 cases of CRC over 3,409,522 person-years. The overall incidence rates of CRC were 2.04, 3.45, 1.55, and 3.52 per 1000 person-years in the aspirin, clopidogrel, dual antiplatelet, and nonuser cohorts, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) were 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56–0.61), 0.77 (95% CI, 0.68–0.87), and 0.37 (95% CI, 0.33–0.40) for the aspirin, clopidogrel, and dual antiplatelet cohorts, respectively. Dose- and duration-dependent chemopreventive effects were observed in the three cohorts.
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Santos AP, Castro C, Antunes L, Henrique R, Cardoso MH, Monteiro MP. Disseminated Well-Differentiated Gastro-Entero-Pancreatic Tumors Are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091479. [PMID: 31533348 PMCID: PMC6780069 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of well-differentiated gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (WD GEP-NETs) with metabolic syndrome (MetS), abdominal obesity, and fasting glucose abnormalities was recently described. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of MetS or any MetS individual component was also influenced by GEP-NET characteristics at diagnosis. A cohort of patients with WD GEP-NETs (n = 134), classified according to primary tumor location (gastrointestinal or pancreatic), pathological grading (G1 (Ki67 ≤ 2%) and G2 (>3 ≤ 20%) (WHO 2010), disease extension (localized, loco-regional, and metastatic), and presence of hormonal secretion syndrome (functioning/non-functioning), was evaluated for the presence of MetS criteria. After adjustment for age and gender, the odds of having MetS was significantly higher for patients with WD GEP-NET grade G1 (OR 4.35 95%CI 1.30-14.53) and disseminated disease (OR 4.52 95%CI 1.44-14.15). GEP-NET primary tumor location or secretory syndrome did not influence the risk for MetS. None of the tumor characteristics evaluated were associated with body mass index, fasting plasma glucose category, or any of the individual MetS components. Patients with GEP-NET and MetS depicted a higher risk of presenting a lower tumor grade and disseminated disease. The positive association between MetS and GEP-NET characteristics further highlights the potential link between the two conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Santos
- Department of Endocrinology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Clinical Research Unit, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Clara Castro
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, Research Centre of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- EpiUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Luís Antunes
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, Research Centre of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui Henrique
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Centre of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal.
| | - M Helena Cardoso
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, UMIB-ICBAS, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto (CHUP), 4099-028 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mariana P Monteiro
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, UMIB-ICBAS, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Del Puerto-Nevado L, Santiago-Hernandez A, Solanes-Casado S, Gonzalez N, Ricote M, Corton M, Prieto I, Mas S, Sanz AB, Aguilera O, Gomez-Guerrero C, Ayuso C, Ortiz A, Rojo F, Egido J, Garcia-Foncillas J, Minguez P, Alvarez-Llamas G. Diabetes-mediated promotion of colon mucosa carcinogenesis is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1887-1897. [PMID: 31199051 PMCID: PMC6717745 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with an increased risk of cancer, including colon cancer (CC). However, we recently reported no influence of T2DM on CC prognosis, suggesting that any effect might be at the early stages of tumor development. We hypothesized that T2DM may create an environment in the healthy tissue, which acts as a carcinogenesis driver in agreement with the field of cancerization concept. Here, we focused on early carcinogenesis by analyzing paired tumor and normal colonic mucosa samples from the same patients. The proteome of CC and paired mucosa was quantitatively analyzed in 28 individuals (12 diabetics and 16 nondiabetics) by mass spectrometry with isobaric labeling. Out of 3076 identified proteins, 425 were differentially expressed at the tumor in diabetics compared with nondiabetics. In the adjacent mucosa, 143 proteins were differentially expressed in diabetics and nondiabetics. An enrichment analysis of this signature pointed to mitochondria, ribosome, and translation. Only six proteins were upregulated by diabetes both in tumor and mucosa, of which five were mitochondrial proteins. Differential expression in diabetic versus nondiabetic mucosa was confirmed for MRPL53, MRPL18, and TIMM8B. Higher levels of MRPL18, TIMM8B, and EIF1A were also found in normal colon epithelial cells exposed to high‐glucose conditions. We conclude that T2DM is associated with specific molecular changes in the normal mucosa of CC patients, consistent with field of cancerization in a diabetic environment. The mitochondrial protein signature identifies a potential therapeutic target that could underlie the higher risk of CC in diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Del Puerto-Nevado
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Solanes-Casado
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nieves Gonzalez
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ricote
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Corton
- Genetics Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Prieto
- Radiation Oncology, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastian Mas
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belen Sanz
- Nephrology and Hypertension Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Aguilera
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Gomez-Guerrero
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Genetics Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Nephrology and Hypertension Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Rojo
- Pathology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Garcia-Foncillas
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Minguez
- Genetics Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Alvarez-Llamas
- Immunology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
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Zeng H, Luo M, Li Z, Wen J, He G, Jin Y, Fu W, Zhou P. Lorcaserin for prevention and remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus in people with overweight or obesity: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e029426. [PMID: 31352420 PMCID: PMC6661621 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High body mass index (BMI) is associated with risk of diabetes. Lorcaserin is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C agonist which exerts robust benefits on long-term weight loss by suppressing appetite among adults with overweight or obesity. The magnitude of efficacy of lorcaserin for preventing and remitting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among those people remains undefined. Therefore, we plan to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis to aggregate data from all published studies with regard to the issue to acquire reliable evidence. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will search various databases for relevant trials published up to June 2019. Randomised controlled trials investigating the efficacy of lorcaserin for preventing and remitting T2DM among overweight and obese population will be included. A standardised data form will be used to complete data search and extraction in duplicate. All discrepancies will be resolved by consensus. The primary outcome will be incidence of T2DM in patients with pre-diabetes. Secondary outcomes will include achievement of normoglycaemia in people with pre-diabetes, remission of hyperglycaemia in patients with diabetes, the proportion of patients with weight loss of at least 5% or 10% and hypoglycaemia incident. Data synthesis and statistical analysis will be performed for each outcome with Stata V.14.0. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval is not required. Results of our study will be submitted to a peer-review journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019119136.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zeng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Luo
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zunjiang Li
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junru Wen
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxin He
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuelin Jin
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbin Fu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Shenzhen Bao’an Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, Shenzhen, China
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Zheng P, Wang X, Hong Z, Shen F, Zhang Q. Preoperative fasting hyperglycemia is an independent prognostic factor for postoperative survival after gallbladder carcinoma radical surgery. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:1425-1432. [PMID: 30863153 PMCID: PMC6388958 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s192273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative high blood glucose levels are closely associated with poor performance and high mortality in cancer patients. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between preoperative fasting hyperglycemia and the prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC) after undergoing GBC radical surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of 83 eligible patients who underwent GBC radical surgery between 2007 and 2016 was performed. Factors affecting overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Of the 83 patients, 35 (42.2%) had preoperative fasting hyperglycemia. The median OS of the enrolled patients was 12 months. The median OS in patients with fasting hyperglycemia before surgery was 18 months, which was shorter than for patients with normal fasting blood glucose levels before surgery (47 months, P<0.001). Preoperative fasting hyperglycemia was associated with shorter survival times in univariate analyses (HR, 3.215; 95% CI, 1.846-5.601; P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that patients with preoperative fasting hyperglycemia had a lower OS (HR, 2.832; 95% CI, 1.480-5.418; P=0.002) and RFS (HR, 2.051; 95% CI, 1.127-3.733; P=0.019) than patients with normal preoperative fasting blood glucose levels. CONCLUSION Preoperative fasting hyperglycemia is an independent indicator of poor prognosis in GBC patients after GBC radical surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,
| | - Zhong Hong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Feixia Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,
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4. Comprehensive Medical Evaluation and Assessment of Comorbidities: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2019. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:S34-S45. [PMID: 30559230 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-s004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes" includes ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
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Sharma P, Kumar S. Metformin inhibits human breast cancer cell growth by promoting apoptosis via a ROS-independent pathway involving mitochondrial dysfunction: pivotal role of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:637-650. [PMID: 30088260 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite a growing body of evidence indicating a potential efficacy of the anti-diabetic metformin as anti-cancer agent, the exact mechanism underlying this efficacy has remained largely unknown. Here, we aimed at assessing putative mechanisms associated with the ability of metformin to reduce the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. METHODS A battery of in vitro assays including MTT, colony formation, NBT and scratch wound healing assays were performed to assess the viability, proliferation, anti-oxidative potential and migration of breast cancer-derived MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays along with fluorescence microscopy were used to assess apoptotic parameters. Quantification of SOD, Bcl-2, Bax, MMPs, miR-21 and miR-155 expression was performed using qRT-PCR. RESULTS We found that metformin inhibited the growth, proliferation and clonogenic potential of the breast cancer-derived cells tested. ROS levels were found to be significantly reduced by metformin and, concomitantly, superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms were found to be upregulated. Mitochondrial dysfunction was observed in metformin treated cells, indicating apoptosis. In metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells, migration was found to be suppressed by metformin through deregulation of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. The oncogenic microRNAs miR-21 and miR-155 were found to be downregulated by metformin, which may be correlated with the suppression of cell proliferation and/or migration. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that metformin may play a pivotal role in modulating the anti-oxidant system, including the SOD machinery, in breast cancer-derived cells. Our observations were validated by in silico analyses, indicating a close interaction between SOD and metformin. We also found that metformin may inhibit breast cancer-derived cell proliferation through apoptosis induction via the mitochondrial pathway. Finally, we found that metformin may modulate the pro-apoptotic Bax, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, miR-21 and miR-155 expression levels. These findings may be instrumental for the clinical management and/or (targeted) treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Sharma
- Centre for Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Science, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Centre for Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Science, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India.
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Wang S, Zhang Y, Chen M, Wang Y, Feng Y, Xu Z, Zhang D, Sun Y, Fu Z. Association of genetic variants in ATR-CHEK1 and ATM-CHEK2 pathway genes with risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26616-26624. [PMID: 29928473 PMCID: PMC6003554 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ATR-CHEK1 and ATM-CHEK2 pathway have been confirmed to be related with the DNA damage response (DDR). Many studies have reported that genetic variants in ATR/CHEK1 and ATM/CHEK2 are associated with cancer risk. However, the association between genetic variants in ATR-CHEK1, ATM-CHEK2 pathway genes and colorectal cancer susceptibility is still unknown. In this study, we aim to explore whether these variants are correlated with the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population. METHODS A hospital-based case-control study, including 1,121 cases and 1,056 controls was conducted to evaluate the association between eight selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs35514263 in ATR; rs492510, rs558351 in CHKE1; rs189037 in ATM; rs2236141, rs5762748, rs2236142 and rs9620817 in CHEK2) in ATR-CHEK1 and ATM-CHEK2 pathways and the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population by using TaqMan method. RESULTS Individuals with rs189037 A allele were found to have a significantly increased risk of colorectal cancer, compared to those carrying G allele [odds ratio(OR) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.47 in dominant model and OR= 1.14, 95%CI= 1.01-1.29 in additive model]. And this risk is more pronounced in elder people (>69), rectum, early stage and poorly grade. In addition, bioinformatic analysis showed that rs189037 may change the secondary structure. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide the evidence that rs189037 in ATM may increase the susceptibility of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziwei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueming Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zan Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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He X, Shi L, Wu J. Retrospective database analysis of cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in China. Curr Med Res Opin 2018; 34:1089-1098. [PMID: 29278016 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2017.1421527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the risk of overall cancer and site-specific cancers in a Chinese population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Tianjin Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance database (2003-2014) was used to identify patients with newly onset T2D in 2009, patients with prevalent T2D prior to 2009, and general individuals without T2D. Overall and site-specific cancer incidence rates and incidence rate ratios relative to general population were calculated for both incident and prevalent T2D cohorts. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for baseline characteristics and potential bias were conducted. Subgroup analyses based on gender and age were further conducted. RESULTS For the year 2009, 21,208 patients with onset T2D (mean age 58.8 years; 48.1% female), 28,248 patients with prevalent T2D (mean age 63.7 years; 50.2% female) and 744,339 general individuals (mean age 43.2 years; 47.7% female) were identified. Controlling for confounders, diabetic patients had an overall 56%-59% higher risk of developing cancer, among which the highest risks by site were liver (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.80-2.48), colorectal (aHR = 2.41-2.69) and stomach (aHR = 2.02-2.51) cancers (all p < .05). Patients with prevalent T2D had increased cancer risk in the pancreas (aHR = 4.52, p < .001). Female diabetic patients had increased risk in the kidneys (aHR = 3.22-3.31, p < .01). Patients aged between 50 and 59 years had the highest relative risk (90% higher), while the relative risk was the lowest among patients ≥70 (45% higher). CONCLUSION Type 2 diabetes was associated with increased overall cancer risk led by liver, colorectal and stomach cancers. Patients with longer diabetes duration were associated with higher pancreatic cancer risk and female diabetic patients had a higher risk of kidney cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning He
- a School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin , China
| | - Lizheng Shi
- b School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University , USA
| | - Jing Wu
- a School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin , China
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Sun R, Liu JP, Gao C, Xiong YY, Li M, Wang YP, Su YW, Lin M, Jiang AL, Xiong LF, Xie Y, Feng JP. Two variants on T2DM susceptible gene HHEX are associated with CRC risk in a Chinese population. Oncotarget 2018; 7:29770-9. [PMID: 27105501 PMCID: PMC5045432 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing amounts of evidence has demonstrated that T2DM (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus) patients have increased susceptibility to CRC (colorectal cancer). As HHEX is a recognized susceptibility gene in T2DM, this work was focused on two SNPs in HHEX, rs1111875 and rs7923837, to study their association with CRC. T2DM patients without CRC (T2DM-only, n=300), T2DM with CRC (T2DM/CRC, n=135), cancer-free controls (Control, n=570), and CRC without T2DM (CRC-only, n=642) cases were enrolled. DNA samples were extracted from the peripheral blood leukocytes of the patients and sequenced by direct sequencing. The χ2 test was used to compare categorical data. We found that in T2DM patients, rs1111875 but not the rs7923837 in HHEX gene was associated with the occurrence of CRC (p= 0.006). for rs1111875, TC/CC patients had an increased risk of CRC (p=0.019, OR=1.592, 95%CI=1.046-2.423). Moreover, our results also indicated that the two variants of HEEX gene could be risk factors for CRC in general population, independent on T2DM (p< 0.001 for rs1111875, p=0.001 for rs7923837). For rs1111875, increased risk of CRC was observed in TC or TC/CC than CC individuals (p<0.001, OR= 1.780, 95%CI= 1.385-2.287; p<0.001, OR= 1.695, 95%CI= 1.335-2.152). For rs7923837, increased CRC risk was observed in AG, GG, and AG/GG than AA individuals (p< 0.001, OR= 1.520, 95%CI= 1.200-1.924; p=0.036, OR= 1.739, 95%CI= 0.989-3.058; p< 0.001, OR= 1.540, 95%CI= 1.225-1.936). This finding highlights the potentially functional alteration with HHEX rs1111875 and rs7923837 polymorphisms may increase CRC susceptibility. Risk effects and the functional impact of these polymorphisms need further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Oncology, PuAi Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, PuAi Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Gao
- Department of Oncology, PuAi Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying-Ying Xiong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, PuAi Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Oncology, PuAi Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Ping Wang
- Department of Oncology, PuAi Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Wei Su
- Department of Oncology, PuAi Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan PuAi Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - An-Li Jiang
- Department of Oncology, PuAi Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling-Fan Xiong
- Department of Oncology, PuAi Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jue-Ping Feng
- Department of Oncology, PuAi Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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3. Comprehensive Medical Evaluation and Assessment of Comorbidities: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:S28-S37. [PMID: 29222374 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-s003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes" includes ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
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Capobianco E. Systems and precision medicine approaches to diabetes heterogeneity: a Big Data perspective. Clin Transl Med 2017; 6:23. [PMID: 28744848 PMCID: PMC5526830 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-017-0155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Big Data, and in particular Electronic Health Records, provide the medical community with a great opportunity to analyze multiple pathological conditions at an unprecedented depth for many complex diseases, including diabetes. How can we infer on diabetes from large heterogeneous datasets? A possible solution is provided by invoking next-generation computational methods and data analytics tools within systems medicine approaches. By deciphering the multi-faceted complexity of biological systems, the potential of emerging diagnostic tools and therapeutic functions can be ultimately revealed. In diabetes, a multidimensional approach to data analysis is needed to better understand the disease conditions, trajectories and the associated comorbidities. Elucidation of multidimensionality comes from the analysis of factors such as disease phenotypes, marker types, and biological motifs while seeking to make use of multiple levels of information including genetics, omics, clinical data, and environmental and lifestyle factors. Examining the synergy between multiple dimensions represents a challenge. In such regard, the role of Big Data fuels the rise of Precision Medicine by allowing an increasing number of descriptions to be captured from individuals. Thus, data curations and analyses should be designed to deliver highly accurate predicted risk profiles and treatment recommendations. It is important to establish linkages between systems and precision medicine in order to translate their principles into clinical practice. Equivalently, to realize their full potential, the involved multiple dimensions must be able to process information ensuring inter-exchange, reducing ambiguities and redundancies, and ultimately improving health care solutions by introducing clinical decision support systems focused on reclassified phenotypes (or digital biomarkers) and community-driven patient stratifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Capobianco
- Center for Computational Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
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